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• VPN iptables Forwarding: Net-to-net

  - by Mike Holler

  I've tried to look elsewhere on this site but I couldn't find anything matching this problem. Right now I have an ipsec tunnel open between our local network and a remote network. Currently, the local box running Openswan ipsec with the tunnel open can ping the remote ipsec box and any of the other computers in the remote network. When logged into on of the remote computers, I can ping any box in our local network. That's what works, this is what doesn't: I can't ping any of the remote computers via a local machine that is not the ipsec box. Here's a diagram of our network: [local ipsec box] ----------\ \ [arbitrary local computer] --[local gateway/router] -- [internet] -- [remote ipsec box] -- [arbitrary remote computer] The local ipsec box and the arbitrary local computer have no direct contact, instead they communicate through the gateway/router. The router has been set up to forward requests from local computers for the remote subnet to the ipsec box. This works. The problem is the ipsec box doesn't forward anything. Whenever an arbitrary local computer pings something on the remote subnet, this is the response: [user@localhost ~]# ping 172.16.53.12 PING 172.16.53.12 (172.16.53.12) 56(84) bytes of data. From 10.31.14.16 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Prohibited From 10.31.14.16 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Prohibited From 10.31.14.16 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Prohibited Here's the traceroute: [root@localhost ~]# traceroute 172.16.53.12 traceroute to 172.16.53.12 (172.16.53.12), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 router.address.net (10.31.14.1) 0.374 ms 0.566 ms 0.651 ms 2 10.31.14.16 (10.31.14.16) 2.068 ms 2.081 ms 2.100 ms 3 10.31.14.16 (10.31.14.16) 2.132 ms !X 2.272 ms !X 2.312 ms !X That's the IP for our ipsec box it's reaching, but it's not being forwarded. On the IPSec box I have enabled IP Forwarding in /etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 And I have tried to set up IPTables to forward: *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [759:71213] -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 500 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 4500 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m policy --dir in --pol ipsec -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p esp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited -A FORWARD -s 10.31.14.0/24 -d 172.16.53.0/24 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -m policy --dir in --pol ipsec -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited COMMIT Am I missing a rule in IPTables? Is there something I forgot? NOTE: All the machines are running CentOS 6.x Edit: Note 2: eth1 is the only network interface on the local ipsec box.

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• Apache2 - mod_expire and mod_rewrite not working in httpd.conf - serving content from tomcat

  - by Ankit Agrawal

  Hi, I am using apache2 server running on debian which forwards all the http request to tomcat installed on same machine. I have two files under my /etc/apache2/ folder apache2.conf and httpd.conf I modified httpd.conf file to look like following. # forward all http request on port 80 to tomcat ProxyPass / ajp://127.0.0.1:8009/ ProxyPassReverse / ajp://127.0.0.1:8009/ # gzip text content AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/plain AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/xml AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/css AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/javascript AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xml AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xhtml+xml AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/rss+xml AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/javascript AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-javascript DeflateCompressionLevel 9 BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4 gzip-only-text/html BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4\.0[678] no-gzip BrowserMatch \bMSIE !no-gzip !gzip-only-text/html # Turn on Expires and mark all static content to expire in a week # unset last modified and ETag ExpiresActive On ExpiresDefault A0 <FilesMatch "\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|js|css|ico)$" ExpiresDefault A604800 Header unset Last-Modified Header unset ETag FileETag None Header append Cache-Control "max-age=604800, public" </FilesMatch RewriteEngine On # rewrite all www.example.com/content/XXX-01.js and YYY-01.css files to XXX.js and YYY.css RewriteRule ^content/(js|css)/([a-z]+)-([0-9]+)\.(js|css)$ /content/$1/$2.$4 # remove all query parameters from URL after we are done with it RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} ^GET\ /.*\;.*\ HTTP/ RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} !^$ RewriteRule .* http://example.com%{REQUEST_URI}? [R=301,L] # rewrite all www.example.com to example.com RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.example\.com$ [NC] RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://example.com/$1 [R=301,L] I want to achieve following. forward all traffic to tomcat GZIP all the text content. Put 1 week expiry header to all static files and unset ETag/last modified header. rewrite all js and css file to certain format. remove all the query parameters from URL forward all www.example.com to example.com The problem is only 1 and 2 are working. I tried a lot with many combinations but the expire and rewrite rule (3-6) do not work at all. I also tried moving these rules to apache2.conf and .htaccess files but it didn't work either. It does not give any error but these rules are simple ignored. expires and rewrite modules are ENABLED. Please let me know what should I do to fix this. 1. Do I need to add something else in httpd.conf file (like Options +FollowSymLink) or something else? 2. Do I need to add something in apache2.conf file? 3. Do I need to move these rules to .htaccess file? If yes, what should I write in that file and where should I keep that file? in /etc/apache2/ folder or /var/www/ folder? 4. Any other info to make this work? Thanks, Ankit

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• Backup VM : Copy virtual disk xxx.vmdk The virtual disk is either corrupted or not a supported forma

  - by boiteavinc

  Hi I'm french. I'm student and I use ESXI4 for my studies. When I try backup my VMs, with ghettoVCBg2.pl and vSphere Management Assistant, I get the following error message on Vsphere Client : "Copy virtual disk xxx.vmdk The virtual disk is either corrupted or not a supported format". I have no error in the log VCB ; 03-23-2010 08:31:56 -- debug: Main: Login by vi-fastpass to: esxi 03-23-2010 08:31:56 -- debug: copyTask: Task START 03-23-2010 08:31:56 -- debug: copyTask: waiting for next job and sleep ... 03-23-2010 08:32:00 -- info: Initiate backup for AD_DNS_DHCP found on esxi 03-23-2010 08:32:09 -- debug: AD_DNS_DHCP original powerState: poweredOn 03-23-2010 08:32:09 -- debug: Creating Snapshot "ghettoVCBg2-snapshot-2010-03-23" for AD_DNS_DHCP 03-23-2010 08:33:19 -- info: AD_DNS_DHCP has 1 VMDK(s) 03-23-2010 08:33:19 -- debug: backupVMDK: Backing up "Raptor1 AD_DNS_DHCP/AD_DNS_DHCP.vmdk" to "Backup_VM VM/AD_DNS_DHCP/AD_DNS_DHCP-2010-03-23/$ 03-23-2010 08:33:19 -- debug: backupVMDK: Signal copyThread to start 03-23-2010 08:33:19 -- debug: backupVMDK: Backup progress: Elapsed time 0 min 03-23-2010 08:33:19 -- debug: copyTask: Wake up and follow the white rabbit, with status: doCopy 03-23-2010 08:33:19 -- debug: CopyThread: Start backing up VMDK(s) ... 03-23-2010 08:33:25 -- debug: copyTask: send copySuccess message ... 03-23-2010 08:33:25 -- debug: copyTask: waiting for next job and sleep ... 03-23-2010 08:34:20 -- debug: backupVMDK: Successfully completed backup for Raptor1 AD_DNS_DHCP/AD_DNS_DHCP.vmdk Elapsed time: 1 min 03-23-2010 08:34:22 -- debug: Removing Snapshot "ghettoVCBg2-snapshot-2010-03-23" for AD_DNS_DHCP 03-23-2010 08:34:24 -- debug: checkVMBackupRotation: Starting ... 03-23-2010 08:34:26 -- debug: Purging Backup_VM VM/AD_DNS_DHCP/AD_DNS_DHCP-2010-03-23--1 due to rotation max 03-23-2010 08:34:28 -- info: Backup completed for AD_DNS_DHCP! 03-23-2010 08:34:28 -- debug: Main: Disconnect from: esxi 03-23-2010 08:34:28 -- debug: Main: Calling final clean up 03-23-2010 08:34:28 -- debug: cleanUP: Thread clean up starting ... 03-23-2010 08:34:28 -- debug: cleanUp: Send exit to copyThread 03-23-2010 08:34:28 -- debug: copyTask: Wake up and follow the white rabbit, with status: exit 03-23-2010 08:34:28 -- debug: copyTask: die ... 03-23-2010 08:34:28 -- debug: cleanUp: Join passed 03-23-2010 08:34:28 -- info: ============================== ghettoVCBg2 LOG END ============================== My ghetto conf file is : VM_BACKUP_DATASTORE = "Backup_VM" VM_BACKUP_DIRECTORY = "VM" VM_BACKUP_ROTATION_COUNT = "3" DISK_BACKUP_FORMAT = "thin" ADAPTER_FORMAT = "lsilogic" POWER_VM_DOWN_BEFORE_BACKUP = "0" VM_SNAPSHOT_MEMORY = "1" VM_SNAPSHOT_QUIESCE = "1" LOG_LEVEL = "info" VM_VMDK_FILES = "all" I tried several I tried several DISK_BACKUP_FORMAT, I have same error. Despite the error, even when I get files on the NFS share. But when I try to open the vmx file with vmware workstation. I get this error: Can not open the disk 'G: \ Backup ESX \ VM \ AD_DNS_DHCP \ AD_DNS_DHCP-2010-03-23 - 1 \ AD_DNS_DHCP.vmdk' or one of the snapshot disks it depends on. Reason: The called function can not be performed on partial chains. Please open the parent virtual disk. I have no snapshot on my VM on ESXi. Can you help me ?

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• Squid 2.7.STABLE3-4.1 as a transparent proxy on Ubuntu Server 9.04

  - by E3 Group

  Can't get this to work at all! I'm trying to get this linux box to act as a transparent proxy and, with the help of DHCP, force everyone on the network to gate into the proxy. I have two ethernet connections, both to the same switch. And I'm trying to get 192.168.1.234 to become the default gateway. The actual WAN connection is to a gateway 192.168.1.1. eth0 is 192.168.1.234 eth1 is 192.168.1.2 Effectively I'm trying to make eth0 a LAN only interface and eth1 a WAN interface. I've oi should set the gateway for eth1 to point to 192.168.1.234 my squid.conf file has the following directives added at the bottom: nly set eth0 to have a gateway address in /etc/network/interfaces I'm not sure whether http_port 3128 transparent acl lan src 192.168.1.0/24 acl lh src 127.0.0.1/255.255.255.0 http_access allow lan http_access allow lh i've added the following routing commands: iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.1.2:3128 iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 3128 I set a computer with TCP settings 192.168.1.234 as the gateway and opened up google.com, but it comes up with a request error. Any ideas why this isn't working? :( Been searching continuously for a solution to no avail. ----------------------------- EDIT ------------------------------- Managed to get it to route properly to the squid, here's the error I get in the browser: ERROR The requested URL could not be retrieved While trying to process the request: GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: www.google.com User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-GB; rv:1.9.1.2) Gecko/20090729 Firefox/3.5.2 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: en-gb,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive: 300 Connection: keep-alive Cache-Control: max-age=0 The following error was encountered: * Invalid Request Some aspect of the HTTP Request is invalid. Possible problems: * Missing or unknown request method * Missing URL * Missing HTTP Identifier (HTTP/1.0) * Request is too large * Content-Length missing for POST or PUT requests * Illegal character in hostname; underscores are not allowed Your cache administrator is webmaster. Generated Mon, 26 Oct 2009 03:41:15 GMT by mjolnir.lloydharrington.local (squid/2.7.STABLE3)

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• DNS "recursion not available" using a Cisco AnyConnect VPN connection

  - by codeape

  Does anyone have experience with configuring Cisco AnyConnect VPN? We have a problem with client DNS name resolution when connected over VPN. To me, it looks as if the Cisco AnyConnect VPN client intercepts DNS queries from the clients. Can someone confirm that the AnyConnect VPN client in fact does this (intercepts DNS traffic)? Where is this configured on the VPN server? EDIT: Here's how the routing table changes when I connect to the VPN: [~] $ diff -u /tmp/route_normal /tmp/route_vpn --- /tmp/route_normal 2010-01-20 19:23:47.000000000 +0100 +++ /tmp/route_vpn 2010-01-20 19:24:46.000000000 +0100 @@ -1,6 +1,10 @@ Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface +xxx.xxx.xx.xx.i 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 ath0 172.16.53.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 vmnet1 10.0.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 ath0 +172.17.20.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 cscotun 0 +192.168.111.0 172.17.20.212 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 cscotun 0 172.16.140.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 vmnet8 +172.16.0.0 172.17.20.212 255.255.0.0 UG 0 0 0 cscotun 0 default 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ath0 EDIT 2: The IT guy has done "something" on the VPN endpoint. Now I get "recursion not available" when doing nslookup. The DNS servers have recursion enabled. So it must be the Cisco VPN DNS interception messing this up. ubuntu@domU-12-31-39-00-ED-14:~$ /opt/cisco/vpn/bin/vpn connect xxx.xxxxxx.xx ... >> Please enter your username and password ... >> notice: Establishing VPN... >> state: Connected >> notice: VPN session established to ... ubuntu@domU-12-31-39-00-ED-14:~$ nslookup www.vg.no ;; Got recursion not available from ..., trying next server ;; Got recursion not available from ..., trying next server ;; Got recursion not available from ..., trying next server ;; Got recursion not available from ..., trying next server Server: 172.16.0.23 Address: 172.16.0.23#53 ** server can't find www.vg.no.compute-1.internal: REFUSED ubuntu@domU-12-31-39-00-ED-14:~$ ping 195.88.55.16 PING 195.88.55.16 (195.88.55.16) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 195.88.55.16: icmp_seq=1 ttl=240 time=110 ms 64 bytes from 195.88.55.16: icmp_seq=2 ttl=240 time=111 ms 64 bytes from 195.88.55.16: icmp_seq=3 ttl=240 time=109 ms ^C --- 195.88.55.16 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2017ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 109.953/110.379/111.075/0.496 ms

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• Basic Auth on DirectoryIndex Only

  - by Brad

  I am trying to configure basic auth for my index file, and only my index file. I have configured it like so: <Files index.htm> Order allow,deny Allow from all AuthType Basic AuthName "Some Auth" AuthUserFile "C:/path/to/my/.htpasswd" Require valid-user </Files> When I visit the page, 401 Authorization Required is returned as expected, but the browser doesn't prompt for the username/password. Some further inspection has revealed that Apache is not sending the WWW-Authenticate header. GET http://myhost/ HTTP/1.1 Host: myhost Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/534.30 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/12.0.742.100 Safari/534.30 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 HTTP/1.1 401 Authorization Required Date: Tue, 21 Jun 2011 21:36:48 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.16 (Win32) Content-Length: 401 Keep-Alive: timeout=5, max=100 Connection: Keep-Alive Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN"> <html><head> <title>401 Authorization Required</title> </head><body> <h1>Authorization Required</h1> <p>This server could not verify that you are authorized to access the document requested. Either you supplied the wrong credentials (e.g., bad password), or your browser doesn't understand how to supply the credentials required.</p> </body></html> Why is Apache doing this? How can I configure it to send that header appropriately? It is worth noting that this exact same set of directives work fine if I set them for a whole directory. It is only when I configure them to a directory index that they do not work. This is how I know my .htpasswd and such are fine. I am using Apache 2.2 on Windows. On another note, I found this listed as a bug in Apache 1.3. This leads me to believe that this is actually a configuration problem on my end.

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• Linux - Only first virtual interface can ping external gateway

  - by husvar

  I created 3 virtual interfaces with different mac addresses all linked to the same physical interface. I see that they successfully arp for the gw and they can ping (the request is coming in the packet capture in wireshark). However the ping utility does not count the responses. Does anyone knows the issue? I am running Ubuntu 14.04 in a VmWare. root@ubuntu:~# ip link sh 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:bc:fc:8b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff root@ubuntu:~# ip addr sh 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:bc:fc:8b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:febc:fc8b/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever root@ubuntu:~# ip route sh root@ubuntu:~# ip link add link eth0 eth0.1 addr 00:00:00:00:00:11 type macvlan root@ubuntu:~# ip link add link eth0 eth0.2 addr 00:00:00:00:00:22 type macvlan root@ubuntu:~# ip link add link eth0 eth0.3 addr 00:00:00:00:00:33 type macvlan root@ubuntu:~# ip -4 link sh 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:bc:fc:8b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 18: eth0.1@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/ether 00:00:00:00:00:11 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 19: eth0.2@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/ether 00:00:00:00:00:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 20: eth0.3@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/ether 00:00:00:00:00:33 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff root@ubuntu:~# ip -4 addr sh 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever root@ubuntu:~# ip -4 route sh root@ubuntu:~# dhclient -v eth0.1 Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.2.4 Copyright 2004-2012 Internet Systems Consortium. All rights reserved. For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/ Listening on LPF/eth0.1/00:00:00:00:00:11 Sending on LPF/eth0.1/00:00:00:00:00:11 Sending on Socket/fallback DHCPDISCOVER on eth0.1 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 3 (xid=0x568eac05) DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.1.145 on eth0.1 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x568eac05) DHCPOFFER of 192.168.1.145 from 192.168.1.254 DHCPACK of 192.168.1.145 from 192.168.1.254 bound to 192.168.1.145 -- renewal in 1473 seconds. root@ubuntu:~# dhclient -v eth0.2 Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.2.4 Copyright 2004-2012 Internet Systems Consortium. All rights reserved. For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/ Listening on LPF/eth0.2/00:00:00:00:00:22 Sending on LPF/eth0.2/00:00:00:00:00:22 Sending on Socket/fallback DHCPDISCOVER on eth0.2 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 3 (xid=0x21e3114e) DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.1.146 on eth0.2 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x21e3114e) DHCPOFFER of 192.168.1.146 from 192.168.1.254 DHCPACK of 192.168.1.146 from 192.168.1.254 bound to 192.168.1.146 -- renewal in 1366 seconds. root@ubuntu:~# dhclient -v eth0.3 Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.2.4 Copyright 2004-2012 Internet Systems Consortium. All rights reserved. For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/ Listening on LPF/eth0.3/00:00:00:00:00:33 Sending on LPF/eth0.3/00:00:00:00:00:33 Sending on Socket/fallback DHCPDISCOVER on eth0.3 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 3 (xid=0x11dc5f03) DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.1.147 on eth0.3 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x11dc5f03) DHCPOFFER of 192.168.1.147 from 192.168.1.254 DHCPACK of 192.168.1.147 from 192.168.1.254 bound to 192.168.1.147 -- renewal in 1657 seconds. root@ubuntu:~# ip -4 link sh 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:bc:fc:8b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 18: eth0.1@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/ether 00:00:00:00:00:11 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 19: eth0.2@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/ether 00:00:00:00:00:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 20: eth0.3@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default link/ether 00:00:00:00:00:33 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff root@ubuntu:~# ip -4 addr sh 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 18: eth0.1@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default inet 192.168.1.145/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0.1 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 19: eth0.2@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default inet 192.168.1.146/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0.2 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 20: eth0.3@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default inet 192.168.1.147/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0.3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever root@ubuntu:~# ip -4 route sh default via 192.168.1.254 dev eth0.1 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0.1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.145 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0.2 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.146 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0.3 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.147 root@ubuntu:~# arping -c 5 -I eth0.1 192.168.1.254 ARPING 192.168.1.254 from 192.168.1.145 eth0.1 Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 6.936ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 2.986ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 0.654ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 5.137ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 2.426ms Sent 5 probes (1 broadcast(s)) Received 5 response(s) root@ubuntu:~# arping -c 5 -I eth0.2 192.168.1.254 ARPING 192.168.1.254 from 192.168.1.146 eth0.2 Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 5.665ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 3.753ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 16.500ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 3.287ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 32.438ms Sent 5 probes (1 broadcast(s)) Received 5 response(s) root@ubuntu:~# arping -c 5 -I eth0.3 192.168.1.254 ARPING 192.168.1.254 from 192.168.1.147 eth0.3 Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 4.422ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 2.429ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 2.321ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 40.423ms Unicast reply from 192.168.1.254 [58:98:35:57:a0:70] 2.268ms Sent 5 probes (1 broadcast(s)) Received 5 response(s) root@ubuntu:~# tcpdump -n -i eth0.1 -v & [1] 5317 root@ubuntu:~# ping -c5 -q -I eth0.1 192.168.1.254 PING 192.168.1.254 (192.168.1.254) from 192.168.1.145 eth0.1: 56(84) bytes of data. tcpdump: listening on eth0.1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 13:18:37.612558 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 2595, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.145 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5318, seq 2, length 64 13:18:37.618864 IP (tos 0x68, ttl 64, id 14493, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.145: ICMP echo reply, id 5318, seq 2, length 64 13:18:37.743650 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has 192.168.1.87 tell 192.168.1.86, length 46 13:18:38.134997 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 128, id 23547, offset 0, flags [none], proto UDP (17), length 229) 192.168.1.86.138 > 192.168.1.255.138: NBT UDP PACKET(138) 13:18:38.614580 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 2596, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.145 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5318, seq 3, length 64 13:18:38.793479 IP (tos 0x68, ttl 64, id 14495, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.145: ICMP echo reply, id 5318, seq 3, length 64 13:18:39.151282 IP6 (class 0x68, hlim 255, next-header ICMPv6 (58) payload length: 32) fe80::5a98:35ff:fe57:e070 > ff02::1:ff6b:e9b4: [icmp6 sum ok] ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, length 32, who has 2001:818:d812:da00:8ae3:abff:fe6b:e9b4 source link-address option (1), length 8 (1): 58:98:35:57:a0:70 13:18:39.615612 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 2597, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.145 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5318, seq 4, length 64 13:18:39.746981 IP (tos 0x68, ttl 64, id 14496, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.145: ICMP echo reply, id 5318, seq 4, length 64 --- 192.168.1.254 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4008ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.793/67.810/178.934/73.108 ms root@ubuntu:~# killall tcpdump >> /dev/null 2>&1 9 packets captured 12 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel [1]+ Done tcpdump -n -i eth0.1 -v root@ubuntu:~# tcpdump -n -i eth0.2 -v & [1] 5320 root@ubuntu:~# ping -c5 -q -I eth0.2 192.168.1.254 PING 192.168.1.254 (192.168.1.254) from 192.168.1.146 eth0.2: 56(84) bytes of data. tcpdump: listening on eth0.2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 13:18:41.536874 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Reply 192.168.1.254 is-at 58:98:35:57:a0:70, length 46 13:18:41.536933 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 2599, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.146 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5321, seq 1, length 64 13:18:41.539255 IP (tos 0x68, ttl 64, id 14507, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.146: ICMP echo reply, id 5321, seq 1, length 64 13:18:42.127715 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has 192.168.1.87 tell 192.168.1.86, length 46 13:18:42.511725 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 2600, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.146 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5321, seq 2, length 64 13:18:42.514385 IP (tos 0x68, ttl 64, id 14527, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.146: ICMP echo reply, id 5321, seq 2, length 64 13:18:42.743856 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has 192.168.1.87 tell 192.168.1.86, length 46 13:18:43.511727 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 2601, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.146 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5321, seq 3, length 64 13:18:43.513768 IP (tos 0x68, ttl 64, id 14528, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.146: ICMP echo reply, id 5321, seq 3, length 64 13:18:43.637598 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 128, id 23551, offset 0, flags [none], proto UDP (17), length 225) 192.168.1.86.17500 > 255.255.255.255.17500: UDP, length 197 13:18:43.641185 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 128, id 23552, offset 0, flags [none], proto UDP (17), length 225) 192.168.1.86.17500 > 192.168.1.255.17500: UDP, length 197 13:18:43.641201 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 128, id 23553, offset 0, flags [none], proto UDP (17), length 225) 192.168.1.86.17500 > 255.255.255.255.17500: UDP, length 197 13:18:43.743890 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has 192.168.1.87 tell 192.168.1.86, length 46 13:18:44.510758 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 2602, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.146 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5321, seq 4, length 64 13:18:44.512892 IP (tos 0x68, ttl 64, id 14538, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.146: ICMP echo reply, id 5321, seq 4, length 64 13:18:45.510794 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 2603, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.146 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5321, seq 5, length 64 13:18:45.519701 IP (tos 0x68, ttl 64, id 14539, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.146: ICMP echo reply, id 5321, seq 5, length 64 13:18:49.287554 IP6 (class 0x68, hlim 255, next-header ICMPv6 (58) payload length: 32) fe80::5a98:35ff:fe57:e070 > ff02::1:ff6b:e9b4: [icmp6 sum ok] ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, length 32, who has 2001:818:d812:da00:8ae3:abff:fe6b:e9b4 source link-address option (1), length 8 (1): 58:98:35:57:a0:70 13:18:50.013463 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 255, id 50737, offset 0, flags [DF], proto UDP (17), length 73) 192.168.1.146.5353 > 224.0.0.251.5353: 0 [2q] PTR (QM)? _ipps._tcp.local. PTR (QM)? _ipp._tcp.local. (45) 13:18:50.218874 IP6 (class 0x68, hlim 255, next-header ICMPv6 (58) payload length: 32) fe80::5a98:35ff:fe57:e070 > ff02::1:ff6b:e9b4: [icmp6 sum ok] ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, length 32, who has 2001:818:d812:da00:8ae3:abff:fe6b:e9b4 source link-address option (1), length 8 (1): 58:98:35:57:a0:70 13:18:51.129961 IP6 (class 0x68, hlim 255, next-header ICMPv6 (58) payload length: 32) fe80::5a98:35ff:fe57:e070 > ff02::1:ff6b:e9b4: [icmp6 sum ok] ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, length 32, who has 2001:818:d812:da00:8ae3:abff:fe6b:e9b4 source link-address option (1), length 8 (1): 58:98:35:57:a0:70 13:18:52.197074 IP6 (hlim 255, next-header UDP (17) payload length: 53) 2001:818:d812:da00:200:ff:fe00:22.5353 > ff02::fb.5353: [udp sum ok] 0 [2q] PTR (QM)? _ipps._tcp.local. PTR (QM)? _ipp._tcp.local. (45) 13:18:54.128240 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has 192.168.1.87 tell 192.168.1.86, length 46 --- 192.168.1.254 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 4000ms root@ubuntu:~# killall tcpdump >> /dev/null 2>&1 13:18:54.657731 IP6 (class 0x68, hlim 255, next-header ICMPv6 (58) payload length: 32) fe80::5a98:35ff:fe57:e070 > ff02::1:ff6b:e9b4: [icmp6 sum ok] ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, length 32, who has 2001:818:d812:da00:8ae3:abff:fe6b:e9b4 source link-address option (1), length 8 (1): 58:98:35:57:a0:70 13:18:54.743174 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has 192.168.1.87 tell 192.168.1.86, length 46 25 packets captured 26 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel [1]+ Done tcpdump -n -i eth0.2 -v root@ubuntu:~# tcpdump -n -i eth0.3 icmp & [1] 5324 root@ubuntu:~# ping -c5 -q -I eth0.3 192.168.1.254 PING 192.168.1.254 (192.168.1.254) from 192.168.1.147 eth0.3: 56(84) bytes of data. tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0.3, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 13:18:56.373434 IP 192.168.1.147 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5325, seq 1, length 64 13:18:57.372116 IP 192.168.1.147 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5325, seq 2, length 64 13:18:57.381263 IP 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.147: ICMP echo reply, id 5325, seq 2, length 64 13:18:58.371141 IP 192.168.1.147 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5325, seq 3, length 64 13:18:58.373275 IP 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.147: ICMP echo reply, id 5325, seq 3, length 64 13:18:59.371165 IP 192.168.1.147 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5325, seq 4, length 64 13:18:59.373259 IP 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.147: ICMP echo reply, id 5325, seq 4, length 64 13:19:00.371211 IP 192.168.1.147 > 192.168.1.254: ICMP echo request, id 5325, seq 5, length 64 13:19:00.373278 IP 192.168.1.254 > 192.168.1.147: ICMP echo reply, id 5325, seq 5, length 64 --- 192.168.1.254 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 1 received, 80% packet loss, time 4001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 13.666/13.666/13.666/0.000 ms root@ubuntu:~# killall tcpdump >> /dev/null 2>&1 9 packets captured 10 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel [1]+ Done tcpdump -n -i eth0.3 icmp root@ubuntu:~# arp -n Address HWtype HWaddress Flags Mask Iface 192.168.1.254 ether 58:98:35:57:a0:70 C eth0.1 192.168.1.254 ether 58:98:35:57:a0:70 C eth0.2 192.168.1.254 ether 58:98:35:57:a0:70 C eth0.3

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• Guests can't access KVM host server by name although nslookup and dig returns correct record

  - by user190196

  So I have a KVM host that also runs an apache server with some yum repos. The VM guests are connected to the default virtual network, which is configured to offer DHCP and forwarding with NAT on virbr0 (192.168.12.1). The guests can successfully access the yum repos on the host by IP address, so for example curl 192.168.122.1/repo1 returns the content without problems. But I'd like to have the guests be able to reach the web server on the host by name rather IP address. I added the desired name record to the host's /etc/hosts file and libvirt's dnsmasq service seems to be serving that correctly to the guests since nslookup and dig successfully resolve the name on the guests: [root@localhost ~]# nslookup repo Server: 192.168.122.1 Address: 192.168.122.1#53 Name: repo Address: 192.168.122.1 [root@localhost ~]# dig repo ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6 <<>> repo ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 55938 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;repo. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: repo. 0 IN A 192.168.122.1 ;; Query time: 0 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.122.1#53(192.168.122.1) ;; WHEN: Tue Sep 17 02:10:46 2013 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 38 But curl/ping/etc still fail: [root@localhost ~]# curl repo curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'repo' While a request via ip address works: [root@localhost ~]# curl 192.168.122.1 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"> <html> <head> <title>Index of /</title> [...] Same with ping: [root@localhost ~]# ping repo ping: unknown host repo [root@localhost ~]# ping 192.168.122.1 PING 192.168.122.1 (192.168.122.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.122.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.110 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.122.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.146 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.122.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.191 ms ^C --- 192.168.122.1 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2298ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.110/0.149/0.191/0.033 ms I tried adding repo 192.168.122.1 to the guests' /etc/hosts files but still no dice. Also tried changing guests' /etc/nsswitch.conf with both: hosts: files dns and hosts: dns files I've read the relevant libvirt documentation and I'm not sure where else to learn more about this and be able to move forward with it.

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• Low framerate on background apps

  - by user1698923

  My problem is that when a game is running in the foreground, in Full Screen mode, any applications on my second monitor (such as youtube videos, videos, not app specific) drop their frame-rate to about 2-3 FPS. It seems like some sort of power management option that I can't track down. As far as I can tell, it's not due to the GPU not being able to keep up. For instance, my PC can play League of Legends at about 280FPS when the framerate is uncapped. If i cap it at 60FPS using the in-game option, it has no affect on the performance of the background app. Summary Operating System Windows 8 Pro 64-bit CPU Intel Core i7 3820 @ 3.60GHz 42 °C Sandy Bridge-E 32nm Technology RAM 12.0GB Triple-Channel DDR3 @ 533MHz (7-7-7-20) Motherboard Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd. X79-UD3 (SOCKET 0) 37 °C Graphics DELL U2713HM (2560x1440@59Hz) DELL U2713HM (2560x1440@59Hz) 1280MB NVIDIA GeForce GTX 570 (Gigabyte) 58 °C Hard Drives 212GB Volume0 (RAID) 1863GB Western Digital WDC WD20EARS-00MVWB0 (SATA) 36 °C 1863GB Western Digital WDC WD20EARS-00MVWB0 (SATA) 34 °C Optical Drives No optical disk drives detected Audio ASUS Xonar Essence STX Audio Device Operating System Windows 8 Pro 64-bit Computer type: Desktop Graphics Monitor 1 Name DELL U2713HM on NVIDIA GeForce GTX 570 Current Resolution 2560x1440 pixels Work Resolution 2560x1400 pixels State Enabled, Output devices support Multiple displays Extended, Secondary, Enabled Monitor Width 2560 Monitor Height 1440 Monitor BPP 32 bits per pixel Monitor Frequency 59 Hz Device \\.\DISPLAY4\Monitor0 Monitor 2 Name DELL U2713HM on NVIDIA GeForce GTX 570 Current Resolution 2560x1440 pixels Work Resolution 2560x1400 pixels State Enabled, Output devices support Multiple displays Extended, Primary, Enabled Monitor Width 2560 Monitor Height 1440 Monitor BPP 32 bits per pixel Monitor Frequency 59 Hz Device \\.\DISPLAY5\Monitor0 NVIDIA GeForce GTX 570 Manufacturer NVIDIA Model GeForce GTX 570 GPU GF110 Device ID 10DE-1086 Revision A2 Subvendor Gigabyte (1458) Series GeForce GTX 500 Current Performance Level Level 3 Current GPU Clock 845 MHz Current Memory Clock 1900 MHz Current Shader Clock 1690 MHz Voltage 0.988 V Technology 40 nm Die Size 520 mm² Release Date Dec 07, 2010 DirectX Support 11.0 OpenGL Support 5.0 Bus Interface PCI Express x16 Temperature 57 °C Driver version 9.18.13.2018 BIOS Version 70.10.55.00.01 ROPs 40 Shaders 512 unified Memory Type GDDR5 Memory 1280 MB Bus Width 64x5 (320 bit) Filtering Modes 16x Anisotropic Noise Level Moderate Max Power Draw 219 Watts Count of performance levels : 3 Level 1 - "Default" GPU Clock 50 MHz Memory Clock 135 MHz Shader Clock 101 MHz Level 2 - "2D Desktop" GPU Clock 405 MHz Memory Clock 324 MHz Shader Clock 810 MHz Level 3 - "3D Applications" GPU Clock 845 MHz Memory Clock 1900 MHz Shader Clock 1690 MHz Things I've tried: 1) Updating the graphics driver 2) Setting windows power mode to High Performance 3) Reset Nvidia Global Performance settings to default

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• IP failover with 2 nodes on different subnet: cannot ping virtual IP from second node?

  - by quanta

  I'm going to setup redundant failover Redmine: another instance was installed on the second server without problem MySQL (running on the same machine with Redmine) was configured as master-master replication Because they are in different subnet (192.168.3.x and 192.168.6.x), it seems that VIPArip is the only choice. /etc/ha.d/ha.cf on node1 logfacility none debug 1 debugfile /var/log/ha-debug logfile /var/log/ha-log autojoin none warntime 3 deadtime 6 initdead 60 udpport 694 ucast eth1 node2.ip keepalive 1 node node1 node node2 crm respawn /etc/ha.d/ha.cf on node2: logfacility none debug 1 debugfile /var/log/ha-debug logfile /var/log/ha-log autojoin none warntime 3 deadtime 6 initdead 60 udpport 694 ucast eth0 node1.ip keepalive 1 node node1 node node2 crm respawn crm configure show: node $id="6c27077e-d718-4c82-b307-7dccaa027a72" node1 node $id="740d0726-e91d-40ed-9dc0-2368214a1f56" node2 primitive VIPArip ocf:heartbeat:VIPArip \ params ip="192.168.6.8" nic="lo:0" \ op start interval="0" timeout="20s" \ op monitor interval="5s" timeout="20s" depth="0" \ op stop interval="0" timeout="20s" \ meta is-managed="true" property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" \ stonith-enabled="false" \ dc-version="1.0.12-unknown" \ cluster-infrastructure="Heartbeat" \ last-lrm-refresh="1338870303" crm_mon -1: ============ Last updated: Tue Jun 5 18:36:42 2012 Stack: Heartbeat Current DC: node2 (740d0726-e91d-40ed-9dc0-2368214a1f56) - partition with quorum Version: 1.0.12-unknown 2 Nodes configured, unknown expected votes 1 Resources configured. ============ Online: [ node1 node2 ] VIPArip (ocf::heartbeat:VIPArip): Started node1 ip addr show lo: 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet 192.168.6.8/32 scope global lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever I can ping 192.168.6.8 from node1 (192.168.3.x): # ping -c 4 192.168.6.8 PING 192.168.6.8 (192.168.6.8) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.6.8: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.062 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.6.8: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.046 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.6.8: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.059 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.6.8: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.071 ms --- 192.168.6.8 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.046/0.059/0.071/0.011 ms but cannot ping virtual IP from node2 (192.168.6.x) and outside. Did I miss something? PS: you probably want to set IP2UTIL=/sbin/ip in the /usr/lib/ocf/resource.d/heartbeat/VIPArip resource agent script if you get something like this: Jun 5 11:08:10 node1 lrmd: [19832]: info: RA output: (VIPArip:stop:stderr) 2012/06/05_11:08:10 ERROR: Invalid OCF_RESK EY_ip [192.168.6.8] http://www.clusterlabs.org/wiki/Debugging_Resource_Failures Reply to @DukeLion: Which router receives RIP updates? When I start the VIPArip resource, ripd was run with below configuration file (on node1): /var/run/resource-agents/VIPArip-ripd.conf: hostname ripd password zebra debug rip events debug rip packet debug rip zebra log file /var/log/quagga/quagga.log router rip !nic_tag no passive-interface lo:0 network lo:0 distribute-list private out lo:0 distribute-list private in lo:0 !metric_tag redistribute connected metric 3 !ip_tag access-list private permit 192.168.6.8/32 access-list private deny any

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• Elasticsearch won't start anymore

  - by Oleander

  I restarted my elasticsearch instance 5 days ago and I haven't manage to start it since then. I get no output in the log file /var/log/elasticsearch/ nor does the elasticsearch binary print any information when running at using elasticsearch -f. I once manage to get this output. [2012-11-15 22:51:18,427][INFO ][node ] [Piper] {0.19.11}[29584]: initializing ... [2012-11-15 22:51:18,433][INFO ][plugins ] [Piper] loaded [], sites [] Running curl http://localhost:9200 resulted in curl: (7) couldn't connect to host. I've tried increasing the memory from 3gb to 10gb, but that didn't make any diffrence. Running /etc/init.d/elasticsearch start takes 30 seconds. ps aux | grep elasticsearch results in this output. /usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/exec/elasticsearch-linux-x86-64 /usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/elasticsearch.conf wrapper.syslog.ident=elasticsearch wrapper.pidfile=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/./elasticsearch.pid wrapper.name=elasticsearch wrapper.displayname=ElasticSearch wrapper.daemonize=TRUE wrapper.statusfile=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/./elasticsearch.status wrapper.java.statusfile=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/./elasticsearch.java.status wrapper.script.version=3.5.14 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java -Delasticsearch-service -Des.path.home=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch -Xss256k -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75 -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Djava.awt.headless=true -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -Djava.library.path=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/lib -classpath /usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/lib/wrapper.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/elasticsearch-0.19.11.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/elasticsearch-0.19.11.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/jna-3.3.0.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-analyzers-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-core-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-highlighter-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-memory-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-queries-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/snappy-java-1.0.4.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/sigar/sigar-1.6.4.jar -Dwrapper.key=k7r81VpK3_Bb3N_5 -Dwrapper.port=32000 -Dwrapper.jvm.port.min=31000 -Dwrapper.jvm.port.max=31999 -Dwrapper.disable_console_input=TRUE -Dwrapper.pid=23888 -Dwrapper.version=3.5.14 -Dwrapper.native_library=wrapper -Dwrapper.service=TRUE -Dwrapper.cpu.timeout=10 -Dwrapper.jvmid=1 org.tanukisoftware.wrapper.WrapperSimpleApp org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.ElasticSearchF My current system: ElasticSearch Version: 0.19.11, JVM: 23.2-b09 Ubuntu 12.04 LTS I've tried re-install elasticsearch, removing old directories. Why can't I get it to start?

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• Squid 2.7.STABLE3-4.1 as a transparent proxy on Ubuntu Server 9.04

  - by LOGIC9

  Can't get this to work at all! I'm trying to get this linux box to act as a transparent proxy and, with the help of DHCP, force everyone on the network to gate into the proxy. I have two ethernet connections, both to the same switch. And I'm trying to get 192.168.1.234 to become the default gateway. The actual WAN connection is to a gateway 192.168.1.1. eth0 is 192.168.1.234 eth1 is 192.168.1.2 Effectively I'm trying to make eth0 a LAN only interface and eth1 a WAN interface. I've oi should set the gateway for eth1 to point to 192.168.1.234 my squid.conf file has the following directives added at the bottom: nly set eth0 to have a gateway address in /etc/network/interfaces I'm not sure whether http_port 3128 transparent acl lan src 192.168.1.0/24 acl lh src 127.0.0.1/255.255.255.0 http_access allow lan http_access allow lh i've added the following routing commands: iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.1.2:3128 iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 3128 I set a computer with TCP settings 192.168.1.234 as the gateway and opened up google.com, but it comes up with a request error. Any ideas why this isn't working? :( Been searching continuously for a solution to no avail. ----------------------------- EDIT ------------------------------- Managed to get it to route properly to the squid, here's the error I get in the browser: ERROR The requested URL could not be retrieved While trying to process the request: GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: www.google.com User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-GB; rv:1.9.1.2) Gecko/20090729 Firefox/3.5.2 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: en-gb,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive: 300 Connection: keep-alive Cache-Control: max-age=0 The following error was encountered: * Invalid Request Some aspect of the HTTP Request is invalid. Possible problems: * Missing or unknown request method * Missing URL * Missing HTTP Identifier (HTTP/1.0) * Request is too large * Content-Length missing for POST or PUT requests * Illegal character in hostname; underscores are not allowed Your cache administrator is webmaster. Generated Mon, 26 Oct 2009 03:41:15 GMT by mjolnir.lloydharrington.local (squid/2.7.STABLE3)

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• 6to4 tunnel: cannot ping6 to ipv6.google.com?

  - by quanta

  Hi folks, Follow the Setup of 6to4 tunnel guide, I want to test ipv6 connectivity, but I cannot ping6 to ipv6.google.com. Details below: # traceroute 192.88.99.1 traceroute to 192.88.99.1 (192.88.99.1), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets 1 static.vdc.vn (123.30.53.1) 1.514 ms 2.622 ms 3.760 ms 2 static.vdc.vn (123.30.63.117) 0.608 ms 0.696 ms 0.735 ms 3 static.vdc.vn (123.30.63.101) 0.474 ms 0.477 ms 0.506 ms 4 203.162.231.214 (203.162.231.214) 11.327 ms 11.320 ms 11.312 ms 5 static.vdc.vn (222.255.165.34) 11.546 ms 11.684 ms 11.768 ms 6 203.162.217.26 (203.162.217.26) 42.460 ms 42.424 ms 42.401 ms 7 218.188.104.173 (218.188.104.173) 42.489 ms 42.462 ms 42.415 ms 8 218.189.5.10 (218.189.5.10) 42.613 ms 218.189.5.42 (218.189.5.42) 42.273 ms 42.300 ms 9 d1-26-224-143-118-on-nets.com (118.143.224.26) 205.752 ms d1-18-224-143-118-on-nets.com (118.143.224.18) 207.130 ms d1-14-224-143-118-on-nets.com (118.143.224.14) 206.970 ms 10 218.189.5.150 (218.189.5.150) 207.456 ms 206.349 ms 206.941 ms 11 * * * 12 10gigabitethernet2-1.core1.lax1.he.net (72.52.92.121) 214.087 ms 214.426 ms 214.818 ms 13 192.88.99.1 (192.88.99.1) 207.215 ms 199.270 ms 209.391 ms # ifconfig tun6to4 tun6to4 Link encap:IPv6-in-IPv4 inet6 addr: 2002:x:x::/16 Scope:Global inet6 addr: ::x.x.x.x/128 Scope:Compat UP RUNNING NOARP MTU:1480 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:11 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:11 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) # iptunnel sit0: ipv6/ip remote any local any ttl 64 nopmtudisc tun6to4: ipv6/ip remote any local x.x.x.x ttl 64 # ip -6 route show ::/96 via :: dev tun6to4 metric 256 expires 21332777sec mtu 1480 advmss 1420 hoplimit 4294967295 2002::/16 dev tun6to4 metric 256 expires 21332794sec mtu 1480 advmss 1420 hoplimit 4294967295 fe80::/64 dev eth0 metric 256 expires 15674592sec mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 fe80::/64 dev eth1 metric 256 expires 15674597sec mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 fe80::/64 dev tun6to4 metric 256 expires 21332794sec mtu 1480 advmss 1420 hoplimit 4294967295 default via ::192.88.99.1 dev tun6to4 metric 1 expires 21332861sec mtu 1480 advmss 1420 hoplimit 4294967295 # ping6 -n -c 4 ipv6.google.com PING ipv6.google.com(2404:6800:8005::68) 56 data bytes From 2002:x:x:: icmp_seq=0 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable From 2002:x:x:: icmp_seq=1 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable From 2002:x:x:: icmp_seq=2 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable From 2002:x:x:: icmp_seq=3 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable --- ipv6.google.com ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 received, +4 errors, 100% packet loss, time 2999ms What is my problem? Thanks,

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• Varnish configuration to only cache for non-logged in users

  - by davidsmalley

  I have a Ruby on Rails application fronted by varnish+nginx. As most of the sites content is static unless you are a logged in user, I want to cache the site heavily with varnish when a user is logged out but only to cache static assets when they are logged in. When a user is logged in they will have the cookie 'user_credentials' present in their Cookie: header, in addition I need to skip caching on /login and /sessions in order that a user can get their 'user_credentials' cookie in the first place. Rails by default does not set a cache friendly Cache-control header, but my application sets a "public,s-max-age=60" header when a user is not logged in. Nginx is set to return 'far future' expires headers for all static assets. The configuration I have at the moment is totally bypassing the cache for everything when logged in, including static assets — and is returning cache MISS for everything when logged out. I've spent hours going around in circles and here is my current default.vcl director rails_director round-robin { { .backend = { .host = "xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx"; .port = "http"; .probe = { .url = "/lbcheck/lbuptest"; .timeout = 0.3 s; .window = 8; .threshold = 3; } } } } sub vcl_recv { if (req.url ~ "^/login") { pipe; } if (req.url ~ "^/sessions") { pipe; } # The regex used here matches the standard rails cache buster urls # e.g. /images/an-image.png?1234567 if (req.url ~ "\.(css|js|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|png)\??\d*$") { unset req.http.cookie; lookup; } else { if (req.http.cookie ~ "user_credentials") { pipe; } } # Only cache GET and HEAD requests if (req.request != "GET" && req.request != "HEAD") { pipe; } } sub vcl_fetch { if (req.url ~ "^/login") { pass; } if (req.url ~ "^/sessions") { pass; } if (req.http.cookie ~ "user_credentials") { pass; } else { unset req.http.Set-Cookie; } # cache CSS and JS files if (req.url ~ "\.(css|js|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|png)\??\d*$") { unset req.http.Set-Cookie; } if (obj.status >=400 && obj.status <500) { error 404 "File not found"; } if (obj.status >=500 && obj.status <600) { error 503 "File is Temporarily Unavailable"; } } sub vcl_deliver { if (obj.hits > 0) { set resp.http.X-Cache = "HIT"; } else { set resp.http.X-Cache = "MISS"; } }

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• Slow Windows Explorer on Windows 7

  - by MadBoy

  I have Laptop with i7 (4 cores), 8GB ram and SSD OCZ Vertex 3 MaxIOPS which in testing that I did just now does 400mb/s+ read/write. However the responsiveness of Windows Explorer is far from being perfect. Opening up Computer, Documents, going into folders is very slow (1-5seconds). I don't have any viruses or spyware and I have tried changing properties to optimize view for General Items. I tried disabling Search Indexer but it made search in Outlook 2010 crawl and didn't bring any other effect. Even double clicking on file takes some time to open things up (like clicking a Word document). I don't have any drives mapped, my computer is not joined to domain. I have multiple VPN connections that I connect to but they all have disabled default gateways. I tried using CC Cleaner or some Windows 7 Tweaks app to disable some things. I am power user using Visual Studio, Tortoise SVN and other developer/administration apps. Any non obvious ideas? Edit: So I've been trying to pinpoint where the issue comes from and it seems that straight after reboot Windows Explorer opens very fast, when I load 3-4 programs (Royal TS, Visual Studio, Outlook) it's noticeably slower and the more programs I have it gets worse. After I start closing programs it starts working better and if I leave 2 open it's fast again. I tried doing some research with DiskMon and other programs from sysinternals but couldn't find anything suspicious. Below are stats during normal usage with a lots of programs open: - Ram usage with a lot of programs open and no swap file (i disabled it for testing): 6.95GB - CPU usage: 15%, none of the cores takes more then 50% (I have VS 2010 open x 4) HD Tune Pro: OCZ-VERTEX3 MI Benchmark Test capacity: full Read transfer rate Transfer Rate Minimum : 363.9 MB/s Transfer Rate Maximum : 505.5 MB/s Transfer Rate Average : Access Time : Burst Rate : CPU Usage : HD Tune Pro: OCZ-VERTEX3 MI File Benchmark Drive C: Transfer rate test File Size: 500 MB Sequential read 484102 KB/s Sequential write 444714 KB/s Random read 7779 IOPS Random write 16888 IOPS Random read (queue depth = 32) 73007 IOPS Random write (queue depth = 32) 69790 IOPS HD Tune Pro: OCZ-VERTEX3 MI Random Access Test capacity: full Read test Transfer size operations / sec avg. access time max. access time avg. speed 512 bytes 3260 IOPS 0.306 ms 2.106 ms 1.592 MB/s 4 KB 4161 IOPS 0.240 ms 2.006 ms 16.256 MB/s 64 KB 2382 IOPS 0.419 ms 2.367 ms 148.934 MB/s 1 MB 449 IOPS 2.225 ms 4.197 ms 449.407 MB/s Random 809 IOPS 1.235 ms 6.551 ms 410.527 MB/s HD Tune Pro: OCZ-VERTEX3 MI Extra Tests Test capacity: full Random seek 3975 IOPS 0.252 ms 1.941 MB/s Random seek 4 KB 4245 IOPS 0.236 ms 16.583 MB/s Butterfly seek 4086 IOPS 0.245 ms 1.995 MB/s Random seek / size 64 KB 3812 IOPS 0.262 ms 58.606 MB/s Random seek / size 8 MB 120 IOPS 8.348 ms 485.737 MB/s Sequential outer 4524 IOPS 0.221 ms 282.721 MB/s Sequential middle 4429 IOPS 0.226 ms 276.818 MB/s Sequential inner 5504 IOPS 0.182 ms 344.000 MB/s Burst rate 4472 IOPS 0.224 ms 279.475 MB/s

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• How to setup phpmyadmin with nginx and access it from http://vps-ip/phpmyadmin

  - by Danny

  The phpmyadmin files are located here /usr/share/phpmyadmin/ And I have this server block code that allows me to access phpmyadmin only from http://vps-ip/: server { listen 80; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied #listen [::]:80 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6 root /usr/share/phpmyadmin/; index index.php index.html index.htm; server_name ein; location / { root /usr/share/phpmyadmin/; index index index.php; try_files $uri/ $uri /index.php?q=$uri&amp&$args; port_in_redirect off; } location ~* ^.+.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico|xml)$ { access_log off; log_not_found off; expires max; root /usr/share/phpmyadmin/; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$; #NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini fastcgi_pass php; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/phpmyadmin/$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; fastcgi_ignore_client_abort off; fastcgi_connect_timeout 60; fastcgi_send_timeout 360; fastcgi_read_timeout 360; fastcgi_buffer_size 128k; fastcgi_buffers 8 256k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k; } location ~ /.htaccess { deny all; log_not_found off; access_log off; } location ~ /.htpasswd { deny all; log_not_found off; access_log off; } location = /favicon.ico { allow all; log_not_found off; access_log off; } location = /robots.txt { allow all; log_not_found off; access_log off; } } What changes I need to do in order to access phpmyadmin from http://vps-ip/phpmyadmin ?

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• Apache2 - mod_expire and mod_rewrite not working in httpd.conf - serving content from tomcat

  - by Ankit Agrawal

  I am using apache2 server running on debian which forwards all the http request to tomcat installed on same machine. I have two files under my /etc/apache2/ folder apache2.conf and httpd.conf I modified httpd.conf file to look like following. # forward all http request on port 80 to tomcat ProxyPass / ajp://127.0.0.1:8009/ ProxyPassReverse / ajp://127.0.0.1:8009/ # gzip text content AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/plain AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/xml AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/css AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/javascript AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xml AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xhtml+xml AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/rss+xml AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/javascript AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-javascript DeflateCompressionLevel 9 BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4 gzip-only-text/html BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4\.0[678] no-gzip BrowserMatch \bMSIE !no-gzip !gzip-only-text/html # Turn on Expires and mark all static content to expire in a week # unset last modified and ETag ExpiresActive On ExpiresDefault A0 <FilesMatch "\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|js|css|ico)$" ExpiresDefault A604800 Header unset Last-Modified Header unset ETag FileETag None Header append Cache-Control "max-age=604800, public" </FilesMatch RewriteEngine On # rewrite all www.example.com/content/XXX-01.js and YYY-01.css files to XXX.js and YYY.css RewriteRule ^content/(js|css)/([a-z]+)-([0-9]+)\.(js|css)$ /content/$1/$2.$4 # remove all query parameters from URL after we are done with it RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} ^GET\ /.*\;.*\ HTTP/ RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} !^$ RewriteRule .* http://example.com%{REQUEST_URI}? [R=301,L] # rewrite all www.example.com to example.com RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.example\.com$ [NC] RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://example.com/$1 [R=301,L] I want to achieve following. forward all traffic to tomcat GZIP all the text content. Put 1 week expiry header to all static files and unset ETag/last modified header. rewrite all js and css file to certain format. remove all the query parameters from URL forward all www.example.com to example.com The problem is only 1 and 2 are working. I tried a lot with many combinations but the expire and rewrite rule (3-6) do not work at all. I also tried moving these rules to apache2.conf and .htaccess files but it didn't work either. It does not give any error but these rules are simple ignored. expires and rewrite modules are ENABLED. Please let me know what should I do to fix this. 1. Do I need to add something else in httpd.conf file (like Options +FollowSymLink) or something else? 2. Do I need to add something in apache2.conf file? 3. Do I need to move these rules to .htaccess file? If yes, what should I write in that file and where should I keep that file? in /etc/apache2/ folder or /var/www/ folder? 4. Any other info to make this work? Thanks, Ankit

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• Nagios3: Conditional operators for service checks?

  - by Dave

  I'm trying to setup Nagios to monitor my various using hostgroups to define 'machine roles', against which I run services to check the machines by role. However, I'd like to use conditional operators that would enable me to run the service check against an intersection of two host groups, rather than their unions... i.e. using &&, ||, or () operators. For example, imagine I have the following servers: www-eu: Linux WWW (Apache) server, in the EU www-us: Windows WWW (IIS) server, in the US (West coast) ftp-eu: Linux FTP server, in the EU ftp-us: Windows FTP server, in the US I would want to create the following host groups: US-Servers: www-us, ftp-us EU-Servers: www-eu, ftp-eu WWW-Servers: www-us, www-eu FTP-Servers: ftp-us, ftp-eu Now say I'm interested in checking the HTTP response time for my web servers. Then let's say this particular Nagios service is running from the US (West Coast), and that I have a command called *check_http_response_time*. This command will check the responsiveness of the HTTP server, which I can provide an argument which defines the max response time before raising critical. My command might look like: check_http_response_time $HOSTNAME$ 50 Now traditionally, I can run my checks by specifying a list of host or hostgroups. define service{ use local-service hostgroup_name WWW-Servers # Servers = www-us, www-eu servicegroups WWW Checks service_description Check HTTP Response Time check_command check_http_response_time!50 } However, with the above service definition, given my Nagios service is in US West, I could reasonably expect that my EU server will return critical. Really, I want different thresholds for each region (50 for US West, 200 for EU.) I would have to permutate my service for each host and set their custom threshold, or alternatively permutate out my service groups by role & region (i.e. WWW-Servers-EU), and run my specific thresholds against those. Though the latter is better, both are much messier than I'd like... What I would love, and what this post is asking for, is a way to use hostgroups to perform an intersection using conditional logic, rather than a simple union. It might look like: define service{ use local-service hostgroup_name WWW-Servers && US-Servers servicegroups WWW Checks service_description Check HTTP Response Time check_command check_http_response_time!50 } It then would run the check only against servers that are in both WWW-Servers and US-Servers, in my example, just www-us. The benefits of such a feature would be significant for Nagios services configured for large-scale. Is this feature available? If it isn't, will it be available in the future? Is there an alternative way to accomplish this given the most recent Nagios version? Any tips/suggestions are most appreciated! Dave

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• Using OpenVPN, yet netflix.com blocks access

  - by user837848

  I have set up an OpenVPN server on a VPS in the USA and configured it to route all clients traffic through it. Everything seems to work fine regarding the VPN connection in gerneral. All ip lookup sites show me the us server's ip address and even hulu.com works(it won't work if you are not in the usa). But for some reason netflix.com says "Sorry, Netflix is not available in your country yet.". So I thought that netflix probably uses some more sophisticated ways to determine your location beyond just your ip address. But I could not find a way to get it to work until I dropped the idea of using a VPN and instead connected to the server via a simple socks tunnel with ssh by running: ssh -D 9999 user@serverip All I had to do was changing the key network.proxy.socks_remote_dns in Firefox from false to true to prevent DNS leaks and setting up the socks proxy. Then I could finally watch netflix.com. As a result I concluded that there is nothing in the browser(or something like system timezone) that tells netflix the location, so it has to have something to do with the OpenVPN config. After that I used tcpdump to log all the traffic on the server's network interface venet0 (OpenVZ VPS), visited netflix.com on the client while first connected to the VPN and then connected via socks tunnel and afterwards compared both outputs. The only thing that caught my eye was that while using the socks tunnel the server mainly used ipv6 to connect to netflix whereas it only used ipv4 when the client was connected to the OpenVPN server. But I don't get how that could make such a difference. So what am I missing? Is there a way to configure OpenVPN to also use ipv6 to connect to a website although there is only an ipv4 connection between the VPS and the client? Here is the server.conf of the OpenVPN server (OpenVZ VPS) local serverip port 443 proto tcp dev tun ca ./easy-rsa2/keys/ca.crt cert ./easy-rsa2/keys/vps1.crt key ./easy-rsa2/keys/vps1.key # This file should be kept secret dh ./easy-rsa2/keys/dh1024.pem server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.4.4" client-to-client keepalive 10 120 tls-auth ta.key 0 # This file is secret cipher AES-256-CBC comp-lzo max-clients 4 user nobody group nogroup persist-key persist-tun status openvpn-status.log log-append openvpn.log verb 3 iptables forwarding iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o venet0 -j SNAT --to-source serverip (enabled ipv4 forwarding) I have tried everything always on a Win7 and a Debian client with only ipv4 connections and always made sure that they use the correct DNS server (tested with ipleak.net and tcpdump / wireshark). client.conf: client dev tun proto tcp remote serverip 443 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca ca.crt cert client.crt key client.key ns-cert-type server tls-auth ta.key 1 cipher AES-256-CBC comb-lzo verb 3

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• Block IP Address including ICMP using UFW

  - by dr jimbob

  I prefer ufw to iptables for configuring my software firewall. After reading about this vulnerability also on askubuntu, I decided to block the fixed IP of the control server: 212.7.208.65. I don't think I'm vulnerable to this particular worm (and understand the IP could easily change), but wanted to answer this particular comment about how you would configure a firewall to block it. I planned on using: # sudo ufw deny to 212.7.208.65 # sudo ufw deny from 212.7.208.65 However as a test that the rules were working, I tried pinging after I setup the rules and saw that my default ufw settings let ICMP through even from an IP address set to REJECT or DENY. # ping 212.7.208.65 PING 212.7.208.65 (212.7.208.65) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 212.7.208.65: icmp_seq=1 ttl=52 time=79.6 ms ^C --- 212.7.208.65 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 79.630/79.630/79.630/0.000 ms Now, I'm worried that my ICMP settings are too generous (conceivably this or a future worm could setup an ICMP tunnel to bypass my firewall rules). I believe this is the relevant part of my iptables rules is given below (and even though grep doesn't show it; the rules are associated with the chains shown): # sudo iptables -L -n | grep -E '(INPUT|user-input|before-input|icmp |212.7.208.65)' Chain INPUT (policy DROP) ufw-before-input all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain ufw-before-input (1 references) ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmp type 3 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmp type 4 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmp type 11 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmp type 12 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmp type 8 ufw-user-input all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain ufw-user-input (1 references) DROP all -- 0.0.0.0/0 212.7.208.65 DROP all -- 212.7.208.65 0.0.0.0/0 How should I go about making it so ufw blocks ICMP when I specifically attempt to block an IP address? My /etc/ufw/before.rules has in part: # ok icmp codes -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type destination-unreachable -j ACCEPT -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type source-quench -j ACCEPT -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type time-exceeded -j ACCEPT -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type parameter-problem -j ACCEPT -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ACCEPT I'm tried changing ACCEPT above to ufw-user-input: # ok icmp codes -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type destination-unreachable -j ufw-user-input -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type source-quench -j ufw-user-input -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type time-exceeded -j ufw-user-input -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type parameter-problem -j ufw-user-input -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ufw-user-input But ufw wouldn't restart after that. I'm not sure why (still troubleshooting) and also not sure if this is sensible? Will there be any negative effects (besides forcing the software firewall to force ICMP through a few more rules)?

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• Troubleshooting an unstable internet connection

  - by Konrad Rudolph

  My MacBook Pro running OS X (10.9, but I had the same problem before) is connected to a Belkin router via WiFi and, using Virgin Media as the ISP, to the internet. The connection is extremely unstable – on some days, I get a ping timeout every few seconds. In addition, some domains seem to suffer general connectivity issues. For instance, I often find that while the youtube.com website loads, none of the videos (which are hosted on a separate domain) do. At other times, videos load but always fail to buffer, even though the actual connection speed is ok, even though I’ve disabled dash playback. Since I’m living in a rented room and the ISP contract isn’t actually mine I’ve got only limited possibilities of addressing the problem. In particular, I have no access to the router configuration and my non tech savvy landlady, while sympathetic, is not in a great hurry to hand the problem over to the ISP’s customer support. What’s more, I seem to be the only person in the house experiencing these problems – but I can imagine that this is simply because I’m the only one who’s using the internet continuously. I’m searching for specific tests that might be able to pinpoint – and ideally solve – the problem. So far all I’ve managed to do is establish that Virgin is routing my traffic in mysterious ways. Here’s an excerpt from traceroute google.co.uk. It’s worth mentioning that the host name doesn’t seem to matter a lot, the trace route is always the same. traceroute: Warning: google.co.uk has multiple addresses; using 62.254.36.148 traceroute to google.co.uk (62.254.36.148), 64 hops max, 52 byte packets 1 (192.168.2.1) 1.112 ms 1.300 ms 2.359 ms 2 10.100.32.1 (10.100.32.1) 11.926 ms 10.217 ms 24.987 ms 3 cmbg-core-1a-ae3-610.network.virginmedia.net (80.1.202.93) 28.809 ms * 66.653 ms 4 popl-bb-1b-ae16-0.network.virginmedia.net (212.43.163.141) 13.759 ms 126.504 ms 20.472 ms 5 nrth-bb-1b-et-010-0.network.virginmedia.net (62.253.175.57) 28.357 ms 16.398 ms 42.387 ms 6 nrth-bb-1c-ae1-0.network.virginmedia.net (62.253.174.110) 27.441 ms 15.622 ms 12.044 ms 7 lutn-icdn-1-ae0-0.network.virginmedia.net (62.253.175.82) 16.678 ms 28.463 ms 28.253 ms 8 * * * 9 * * * 10 * * * ^C If I let it, this goes on until the end of time. It never seems to reach a destination. Is this normal? A friend living in the same town who is also with Virgin Media has a more conventional traceroute output: 7 hops to google.co.uk, all of which send the ICMP TIME_EXCEEDED response. The obvious fix – rebooting the router – doesn’t seem to help. As far as I can tell, the WiFi connection is stable (I can always ping the router) so the problem is further downstream. I’ve tried using an alternative DNS before (OpenDNS) but if anything, this made things worse. In fact, it made all Google services nigh unreachable.

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• MySQL Execution Time Spikes

  - by Brett

  I am having issues with MySQL all of the sudden today. Details: OS: CentOS release 5.7 Server type: Parallels virtuozzo container running on mediatemple DV 4.0 package Average total memory usage: <500mb Total memory usage allowed: 1gb (part of shared pool for emergency only, users are only guaranteed 500mb) Processor: 1ghz Main database sizes with most usage: 275mb & 107mb server stack: nginx 1.0.10, mysql 5.1.54, php 5.3.8 with php-fpm innodb_buffer_pool_size=100M php-fpm max children: 5 Webapps: custom php-based sites, magento & drupal slow query timeout is set to 1 second Steps I completed towards diagnosis: Cannot restart container yet - I will try later tonight when our domestic traffic has dropped Enabled mysql and php-fpm slowlog. Found functions that did DB queries in php-fpm slowlog were taking over 1s to complete at times Found some simple queries in mysql slowlog taking well over 1s to complete that should take less than 1s. Most interesting - execution time seems to spike at times. A query will take .2s a couple times, then one time it will take 8s to run the same query. These results were verified by running raw SQL queries through mysql command line. Top does not reveal anything too interesting Only resource related thing i can see is load averages much higher than normal Up until today, mysql has been fine, there have been no major changes to the db since yesterday. Sometimes things are so bad, I am seeing bad gateway errors after 60s of execution time. Innodb is doing on average 300-1400 reads/sec. Mysql is doing 3-10 queries/sec slow query count in 2 hours uptime is 171 (with slow timeout at 1 second) Tried restarting mysql, nginx, php-fpm multiple times For example: UPDATE `catalogsearch_query` SET `query_text` = 'EW 90', `num_results` = '7532', `popularity` = '99180', `redirect` = NULL, `synonym_for` = NULL, `store_id` = '1', `display_in_terms` = '1', `is_active` = '1', `is_processed` = '1', `updated_at` = '2012-05-08 21:38:31' WHERE (query_id='31'); This query took 17sec to complete one time, rest of the time around .079 sec. But varies, sometimes 1sec, sometimes .004 sec. This is running the same query, over and over with a couple seconds time in between each. Most tables are innodb, and sometimes I noticed the lock time taking 90% of the query execution time, but most of the time lock time is insignificant. Any idea what's going on here?

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• Python Django sites on Apache+mod_wsgi with nginx proxy: highly fluctuating performance

  - by Halfgaar

  I have an Ubuntu 10.04 box running several dozen Python Django sites using mod_wsgi (embedded mode; the faster mode, if properly configured). Performance highly fluctuates. Sometimes fast, sometimes several seconds delay. The smokeping graphs are al over the place. Recently, I also added an nginx proxy for the static content, in the hopes it would cure the highly fluctuating performance. But, even though it reduced the number of requests Apache has to process significantly, it didn't help with the main problem. When clicking around on websites while running htop, it can be seen that sometimes requests are almost instant, whereas sometimes it causes Apache to consume 100% CPU for a few seconds. I really don't understand where this fluctuation comes from. I have configured the mpm_worker for Apache like this: StartServers 1 MinSpareThreads 50 MaxSpareThreads 50 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 50 MaxClients 50 ServerLimit 1 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 MaxMemFree 2048 1 server with 50 threads, max 50 clients. Munin and apache2ctl -t both show a consistent presence of workers; they are not destroyed and created all the time. Yet, it behaves as such. This tells me that once a sub interpreter is created, it should remain in memory, yet it seems sites have to reload all the time. I also have a nginx+gunicorn box, which performs quite well. I would really like to know why Apache is so random. This is a virtual host config: <VirtualHost *:81> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName example.com DocumentRoot /srv/http/site/bla Alias /static/ /srv/http/site/static Alias /media/ /srv/http/site/media WSGIScriptAlias / /srv/http/site/passenger_wsgi.py <Directory /> AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /srv/http/site> Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> Ubuntu 10.04 Apache 2.2.14 mod_wsgi 2.8 nginx 0.7.65 Edit: I've put some code in the settings.py file of a site that writes the date to a tmp file whenever it's loaded. I can now see that the site is not randomly reloaded all the time, so Apache must be keeping it in memory. So, that's good, except it doesn't bring me closer to an answer... Edit: I just found an error that might also be related to this: File "/usr/lib/python2.6/subprocess.py", line 633, in __init__ errread, errwrite) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/subprocess.py", line 1049, in _execute_child self.pid = os.fork() OSError: [Errno 12] Cannot allocate memory The server has 600 of 2000 MB free, which should be plenty. Is there a limit that is set on Apache or WSGI somewhere?

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• Blank Page: wordpress on nginx+php-fpm

  - by troutwine

  Good day. While this post discusses a similar setup to mine serving blank pages occasionally after having made a successful installation, I am unable to serve anything but blank pages. My setup: Wordpress 3.0.4 nginx 0.8.54 php-fpm 5.3.5 (fpm-fcgi) Arch Linux Configuration Files php-fpm.conf: [global] pid = run/php-fpm/php-fpm.pid error_log = log/php-fpm.log log_level = notice [www] listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 listen.owner = www listen.group = www listen.mode = 0660 user = www group = www pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 20 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 35 pm.max_requests = 500 nginx.conf: user www; worker_processes 1; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; gzip on; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*.conf; } /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/blog_sharonrhodes_us.conf: upstream php { server 127.0.0.1:9000; } server { error_log /var/log/nginx/us/sharonrhodes/blog/error.log notice; access_log /var/log/nginx/us/sharonrhodes/blog/access.log; server_name blog.sharonrhodes.us; root /srv/apps/us/sharonrhodes/blog; index index.php; location = /favicon.ico { log_not_found off; access_log off; } location = /robots.txt { allow all; log_not_found off; access_log off; } location / { # This is cool because no php is touched for static content try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?q=$uri&$args; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$; #NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; fastcgi_pass php; } location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico)$ { expires max; log_not_found off; } }

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• Odd squid transparent redirect behavior

  - by EMiller

  This is the first time I've set up squid. It's running a redirect script that does some text search/replace on html pages, and then saves them to a location on the same machine on the nginx path - then issues the redirect to that URL (it's an art project :D). The relevant lines in squid.conf are http_port 3128 transparent redirect_program /etc/squid/jefferson_redirect.py The jefferson_redirect.py script is based on this script: http://gofedora.com/how-to-write-custom-redirector-rewritor-plugin-squid-python/ The issue: I'm getting strange http redirect behavior. For example, here is the normal request/response from a PHP script that issues a header("Location:"); - a 302 redirect: http://redirector.mysite.com/?unicmd=g+yreka GET /?unicmd=g+yreka HTTP/1.1 Host: redirector.mysite.com User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; en-US; rv:1.9.1.9) Gecko/20100330 Fedora/3.5.9-1.fc12 Firefox/3.5.9 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive: 300 Connection: keep-alive HTTP/1.1 302 Found Date: Tue, 13 Apr 2010 05:15:43 GMT Server: Apache X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.11 Location: http://www.google.com/search?q=yreka Content-Type: text/html Vary: User-Agent,Accept-Encoding Content-Encoding: gzip Content-Length: 2108 Keep-Alive: timeout=3, max=100 Connection: Keep-Alive Here's what it looks like when running through the squid proxy (note that "redirector.mysite.com" is not the site running squid or nginx): http://redirector.mysite.com/?unicmd=g+yreka GET /?unicmd=g+yreka HTTP/1.1 Host: redirector.mysite.com User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; en-US; rv:1.9.1.9) Gecko/20100330 Fedora/3.5.9-1.fc12 Firefox/3.5.9 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive: 300 Proxy-Connection: keep-alive If-Modified-Since: Tue, 13 Apr 2010 05:21:02 GMT HTTP/1.0 200 OK Server: nginx/0.7.62 Date: Tue, 13 Apr 2010 05:21:10 GMT Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 17865 Last-Modified: Tue, 13 Apr 2010 05:21:10 GMT Accept-Ranges: bytes X-Cache: MISS from jefferson X-Cache-Lookup: HIT from jefferson:3128 Via: 1.1 jefferson:3128 (squid/2.7.STABLE6) Connection: keep-alive Proxy-Connection: keep-alive It is basically working - but the URL http://redirector.mysite.com/?unicmd=g+yreka remains unchanged, while displaying the google page (mostly broken as it's using URLs relative to redirector.mysite.com) I've experienced a similar thing with google results pages: when clicking to another page from google, I get a google URL, with the other site's content. Sorry for the long post - many thanks if you've read this far! Any ideas?

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