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• My IIS server won't serve SSL sites to some browsers

  - by sbleon

  (Update: This is now cross-posted at http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3355000. This is the more appropriate forum, but StackOverflow gets a lot more traffic.) I've got an IIS 6.0 server that won't serve pages over SSL to some browsers. In Webkit-based browsers on OS X 10.6, I can't load pages at all. In MSIE 8 on Windows XP SP3, I can load pages, but it will sometimes hang downloading images or sending POSTs. Working: Firefox 3.6 (OS X + Windows) Chrome (Windows) Partially Working: MSIE 8 (works sometimes, but hangs up, especially on POSTs) Not Working: Chrome 5 (OS X) Safari 5 (OS X) Mobile Safari (iOS 4) On OS X (the easiest platform for me to test on), Chrome and Firefox both negotiate the same TLS Cipher, but Chrome hangs on or after the post-negotiation handshake. Chrome packet capture (via ssldump): 1 1 0.0485 (0.0485) C>S Handshake ClientHello Version 3.1 cipher suites Unknown value 0xc00a Unknown value 0xc009 Unknown value 0xc007 Unknown value 0xc008 Unknown value 0xc013 Unknown value 0xc014 Unknown value 0xc011 Unknown value 0xc012 Unknown value 0xc004 Unknown value 0xc005 Unknown value 0xc002 Unknown value 0xc003 Unknown value 0xc00e Unknown value 0xc00f Unknown value 0xc00c Unknown value 0xc00d Unknown value 0x2f TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 Unknown value 0x35 TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA Unknown value 0x32 Unknown value 0x33 Unknown value 0x38 Unknown value 0x39 TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA compression methods NULL 1 2 0.3106 (0.2620) S>C Handshake ServerHello Version 3.1 session_id[32]= bb 0e 00 00 7a 7e 07 50 5e 78 48 cf 43 5a f7 4d d2 ed 72 8f ff 1d 9e 74 66 74 03 b3 bb 92 8d eb cipherSuite TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 compressionMethod NULL Certificate ServerHelloDone 1 3 0.3196 (0.0090) C>S Handshake ClientKeyExchange 1 4 0.3197 (0.0000) C>S ChangeCipherSpec 1 5 0.3197 (0.0000) C>S Handshake [hang, no more data transmitted] Firefox packet capture: 1 1 0.0485 (0.0485) C>S Handshake ClientHello Version 3.1 resume [32]= 14 03 00 00 4e 28 de aa da 7a 25 87 25 32 f3 a7 ae 4c 2d a0 e4 57 cc dd d7 0e d7 82 19 f7 8f b9 cipher suites Unknown value 0xff Unknown value 0xc00a Unknown value 0xc014 Unknown value 0x88 Unknown value 0x87 Unknown value 0x39 Unknown value 0x38 Unknown value 0xc00f Unknown value 0xc005 Unknown value 0x84 Unknown value 0x35 Unknown value 0xc007 Unknown value 0xc009 Unknown value 0xc011 Unknown value 0xc013 Unknown value 0x45 Unknown value 0x44 Unknown value 0x33 Unknown value 0x32 Unknown value 0xc00c Unknown value 0xc00e Unknown value 0xc002 Unknown value 0xc004 Unknown value 0x96 Unknown value 0x41 TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA Unknown value 0x2f Unknown value 0xc008 Unknown value 0xc012 TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA Unknown value 0xc00d Unknown value 0xc003 Unknown value 0xfeff TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA compression methods NULL 1 2 0.0983 (0.0497) S>C Handshake ServerHello Version 3.1 session_id[32]= 14 03 00 00 4e 28 de aa da 7a 25 87 25 32 f3 a7 ae 4c 2d a0 e4 57 cc dd d7 0e d7 82 19 f7 8f b9 cipherSuite TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 compressionMethod NULL 1 3 0.0983 (0.0000) S>C ChangeCipherSpec 1 4 0.0983 (0.0000) S>C Handshake 1 5 0.1019 (0.0035) C>S ChangeCipherSpec 1 6 0.1019 (0.0000) C>S Handshake 1 7 0.1019 (0.0000) C>S application_data 1 8 0.2460 (0.1440) S>C application_data 1 9 0.3108 (0.0648) S>C application_data 1 10 0.3650 (0.0542) S>C application_data 1 11 0.4188 (0.0537) S>C application_data 1 12 0.4580 (0.0392) S>C application_data 1 13 0.4831 (0.0251) S>C application_data [etc] Update: Here's a Wireshark capture from the server end. What's going on with those two much-delayed RST packets? Is that just IIS terminating what it perceives as a non-responsive connection? 19 10.129450 67.249.xxx.xxx 10.100.xxx.xx TCP 50653 > https [SYN] Seq=0 Win=65535 Len=0 MSS=1460 WS=3 TSV=699250189 TSER=0 20 10.129517 10.100.xxx.xx 67.249.xxx.xxx TCP https > 50653 [SYN, ACK] Seq=0 Ack=1 Win=16384 Len=0 MSS=1460 WS=0 TSV=0 TSER=0 21 10.168596 67.249.xxx.xxx 10.100.xxx.xx TCP 50653 > https [ACK] Seq=1 Ack=1 Win=524280 Len=0 TSV=699250189 TSER=0 22 10.172950 67.249.xxx.xxx 10.100.xxx.xx TLSv1 Client Hello 23 10.173267 10.100.xxx.xx 67.249.xxx.xxx TCP [TCP segment of a reassembled PDU] 24 10.173297 10.100.xxx.xx 67.249.xxx.xxx TCP [TCP segment of a reassembled PDU] 25 10.385180 67.249.xxx.xxx 10.100.xxx.xx TCP 50653 > https [ACK] Seq=148 Ack=2897 Win=524280 Len=0 TSV=699250191 TSER=163006 26 10.385235 10.100.xxx.xx 67.249.xxx.xxx TLSv1 Server Hello, Certificate, Server Hello Done 27 10.424682 67.249.xxx.xxx 10.100.xxx.xx TCP 50653 > https [ACK] Seq=148 Ack=4215 Win=524280 Len=0 TSV=699250192 TSER=163008 28 10.435245 67.249.xxx.xxx 10.100.xxx.xx TLSv1 Client Key Exchange 29 10.438522 67.249.xxx.xxx 10.100.xxx.xx TLSv1 Change Cipher Spec 30 10.438553 10.100.xxx.xx 67.249.xxx.xxx TCP https > 50653 [ACK] Seq=4215 Ack=421 Win=65115 Len=0 TSV=163008 TSER=699250192 31 10.449036 67.249.xxx.xxx 10.100.xxx.xx TLSv1 Encrypted Handshake Message 32 10.580652 10.100.xxx.xx 67.249.xxx.xxx TCP https > 50653 [ACK] Seq=4215 Ack=458 Win=65078 Len=0 TSV=163010 TSER=699250192 7312 57.315338 10.100.xxx.xx 67.249.xxx.xxx TCP https > 50644 [RST, ACK] Seq=1 Ack=1 Win=0 Len=0 19531 142.316425 10.100.xxx.xx 67.249.xxx.xxx TCP https > 50653 [RST, ACK] Seq=4215 Ack=458 Win=0 Len=0

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• UNIX - mount: only root can do that

  - by Travesty3

  I need to allow a non-root user to mount/unmount a device. I am a total noob when it comes to UNIX, so please dumb it down for me. I've been looking all over teh interwebz to find an answer and it seems everyone is giving the same one, which is to modify /etc/fstab to include that device with the 'user' option (or 'users', tried both). Cool, well I did that and it still says "mount: only root can do that". Here are the contents of my fstab: # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'vol_id --uuid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 # / was on /dev/mapper/minicc-root during installation UUID=1a69f02a-a049-4411-8c57-ff4ebd8bb933 / ext3 relatime,errors=remount-ro 0 1 # /boot was on /dev/sda5 during installation UUID=038498fe-1267-44c4-8788-e1354d71faf5 /boot ext2 relatime 0 2 # swap was on /dev/mapper/minicc-swap_1 during installation UUID=0bb583aa-84a8-43ef-98c4-c6cb25d20715 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0 /dev/scd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/sdcard auto auto,user,rw,exec 0 0 My thumb drive partition shows up as /dev/sdb1. I'm pretty sure my fstab is set up OK, but everyone on the other posts seems to fail to mention how they actually call the 'mount' command once this entry is in the fstab file. I think this is where my problem may be. The command I use to mount the drive is: $ mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/sdcard. /bin/mount is owned by root and is in the root group and has 4755 permissions. /bin/umount is owned by root and is in the root group and has 4755 permissions. /mnt/sdcard is owned by me and is in one of my groups and has 0755 permissions. My mount command works fine if I use sudo, but I need to be able to do this without sudo (need to be able to do it from a PHP script using shell_exec). Any suggestions? Sorry for making you read so much...just trying to get as much info in the initial post as possible to preemptively answer questions about configuration stuff. If I missed anything tho, ask away. Thanks! -Travis

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• chkdsk, SeaTools, and "does not have enough space to replace bad clusters"

  - by Zian Choy

  When I tried to do a Windows Vista Complete PC Backup, I received an error message that blathered about bad sectors. Then, when I ran chkdsk /r on the destination drive, this is what I got: C:\Windows\system32>chkdsk /R E: The type of the file system is NTFS. Volume label is Desktop Backup. CHKDSK is verifying files (stage 1 of 5)... 822016 file records processed. File verification completed. 1 large file records processed. 0 bad file records processed. 0 EA records processed. 0 reparse records processed. CHKDSK is verifying indexes (stage 2 of 5)... 848938 index entries processed. Index verification completed. 0 unindexed files processed. CHKDSK is verifying security descriptors (stage 3 of 5)... 822016 security descriptors processed. Security descriptor verification completed. 13461 data files processed. CHKDSK is verifying file data (stage 4 of 5)... The disk does not have enough space to replace bad clusters detected in file 239649 of name . The disk does not have enough space to replace bad clusters detected in file 239650 of name . The disk does not have enough space to replace bad clusters detected in file 239651 of name . An unspecified error occurred.f 822000 files processed) Yet, when I ran the SeaTools short & long generic tests on the Seagate disk, I didn't receive any errors. I know that I could reformat the disk and try running chkdsk /r again but I'd prefer to avoid waiting 4 hours in the hope that the problem was magically fixed. On the other hand, if I RmA the drive to Seagate, I have no SeaTools error number to use and they may claim that the drive is just fine. What should I try to do next? Side frustration: There is plenty of free hard drive space. The E: partition has 182 GB free.

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• IP failover with 2 nodes on different subnet: cannot ping virtual IP from second node?

  - by quanta

  I'm going to setup redundant failover Redmine: another instance was installed on the second server without problem MySQL (running on the same machine with Redmine) was configured as master-master replication Because they are in different subnet (192.168.3.x and 192.168.6.x), it seems that VIPArip is the only choice. /etc/ha.d/ha.cf on node1 logfacility none debug 1 debugfile /var/log/ha-debug logfile /var/log/ha-log autojoin none warntime 3 deadtime 6 initdead 60 udpport 694 ucast eth1 node2.ip keepalive 1 node node1 node node2 crm respawn /etc/ha.d/ha.cf on node2: logfacility none debug 1 debugfile /var/log/ha-debug logfile /var/log/ha-log autojoin none warntime 3 deadtime 6 initdead 60 udpport 694 ucast eth0 node1.ip keepalive 1 node node1 node node2 crm respawn crm configure show: node $id="6c27077e-d718-4c82-b307-7dccaa027a72" node1 node $id="740d0726-e91d-40ed-9dc0-2368214a1f56" node2 primitive VIPArip ocf:heartbeat:VIPArip \ params ip="192.168.6.8" nic="lo:0" \ op start interval="0" timeout="20s" \ op monitor interval="5s" timeout="20s" depth="0" \ op stop interval="0" timeout="20s" \ meta is-managed="true" property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" \ stonith-enabled="false" \ dc-version="1.0.12-unknown" \ cluster-infrastructure="Heartbeat" \ last-lrm-refresh="1338870303" crm_mon -1: ============ Last updated: Tue Jun 5 18:36:42 2012 Stack: Heartbeat Current DC: node2 (740d0726-e91d-40ed-9dc0-2368214a1f56) - partition with quorum Version: 1.0.12-unknown 2 Nodes configured, unknown expected votes 1 Resources configured. ============ Online: [ node1 node2 ] VIPArip (ocf::heartbeat:VIPArip): Started node1 ip addr show lo: 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet 192.168.6.8/32 scope global lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever I can ping 192.168.6.8 from node1 (192.168.3.x): # ping -c 4 192.168.6.8 PING 192.168.6.8 (192.168.6.8) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.6.8: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.062 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.6.8: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.046 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.6.8: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.059 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.6.8: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.071 ms --- 192.168.6.8 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.046/0.059/0.071/0.011 ms but cannot ping virtual IP from node2 (192.168.6.x) and outside. Did I miss something? PS: you probably want to set IP2UTIL=/sbin/ip in the /usr/lib/ocf/resource.d/heartbeat/VIPArip resource agent script if you get something like this: Jun 5 11:08:10 node1 lrmd: [19832]: info: RA output: (VIPArip:stop:stderr) 2012/06/05_11:08:10 ERROR: Invalid OCF_RESK EY_ip [192.168.6.8] http://www.clusterlabs.org/wiki/Debugging_Resource_Failures Reply to @DukeLion: Which router receives RIP updates? When I start the VIPArip resource, ripd was run with below configuration file (on node1): /var/run/resource-agents/VIPArip-ripd.conf: hostname ripd password zebra debug rip events debug rip packet debug rip zebra log file /var/log/quagga/quagga.log router rip !nic_tag no passive-interface lo:0 network lo:0 distribute-list private out lo:0 distribute-list private in lo:0 !metric_tag redistribute connected metric 3 !ip_tag access-list private permit 192.168.6.8/32 access-list private deny any

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• OCZ Vertex 2 not recognized by Ubuntu installer

  - by Zsub

  As I boot into the Ubuntu 10.10 (or 11.04, doesn't matter) live environment or installer, it just refuses to recognise my Vertex 2. It reports the disk as ATA and not supporting smart, shows no serial number, and doesn't list the size correctly. All fdisk tells me is Unable to read /dev/sda (it's the only storage in the PC). I'm now running a temporary install of Windows 7 off of it, which worked like a charm, so where am I going wrong with Ubuntu... Specs: Asus M4N68T-M LE V2 (BIOS 0702, most recent) OCZ Vertex 2 SSD 60 GB Amd Athlon II X4 640 Patriot PSD34G13332 4GB DDR3 ram (two banks) EDIT I installed a second drive, installed Ubuntu on that and booted, it recognised the SSD just fine. I'm now trying to apt-get upgrade the live-environment. I wonder if there is any way to sort of install Ubuntu from Ubuntu (I boot into the working install on the other drive, install it on the SSD and then boot from the SSD). EDIT2 Ok, so that doesn't work. The install detects the SSD, however, it cannot format it. EDIT3 After a fresh boot I can read out SMART-data and even perform a read-benchmark, but if I try to format it, or do a write-bench, it'll crap out and after that it says SMART is not supported. So basically it seems I can't write to the disk, as it will stop working when I do, I will try to run repeated read-benchmarks to see if that has any effect. EDIT4 I'm running several read benchmarks on the drive right now, they give results that are to be expected from an SSD. If the read-benches don't fail, I can use fdisk on the disk, but it is now stuck trying to re-read the partition table after issueing the 'w' command. EDIT5 Parted Magic did recognize the drive and with hdparm -I even could tell me the drive was in a frozen state. I powercycled it (just pull out the plug from the SSD and plug it back in) and it wasn't frozen anymore. After that I could upgrade the firmware on the drive (still using Parted Magic) and format it to Ext4. After I rebooted into the Ubuntu installer, it wouldn't get recognized and hdparm didn't want to talk to it saying HDIO_DRIVE_CMD(identify) failed: Invalid exchange. EDIT6 For some reason if I enable one of the RAID controllers (the one the SSD is connected to, obviously) Ubuntu will let me format it, mount it and write to it. The installer also recognizes it. However if the raid controller is enabled but no array is defined the motherboard can't boot from it :(

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• LUKS with LVM, mount is not persistent after reboot

  - by linxsaga

  I have created a Logical vol and used luks to encrypt it. But while rebooting the server. I get a error message (below), therefore I would have to enter the root pass and disable the /etc/fstab entry. So mount of the LUKS partition is not persistent during reboot using LUKS. I have this setup on RHEL6 and wondering what i could be missing. I want to the LV to get be mount on reboot. Later I would want to replace it with UUID instead of the device name. Error message on reboot: "Give root password for maintenance (or type Control-D to continue):" Here are the steps from the beginning: [root@rhel6 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created [root@rhel6 ~]# vgcreate vg01 /dev/sdb Volume group "vg01" successfully created [root@rhel6 ~]# lvcreate --size 500M -n lvol1 vg01 Logical volume "lvol1" created [root@rhel6 ~]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/vg01/lvol1 VG Name vg01 LV UUID nX9DDe-ctqG-XCgO-2wcx-ddy4-i91Y-rZ5u91 LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 500.00 MiB Current LE 125 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 [root@rhel6 ~]# cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/vg01/lvol1 WARNING! ======== This will overwrite data on /dev/vg01/lvol1 irrevocably. Are you sure? (Type uppercase yes): YES Enter LUKS passphrase: Verify passphrase: [root@rhel6 ~]# mkdir /house [root@rhel6 ~]# cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/vg01/lvol1 house Enter passphrase for /dev/vg01/lvol1: [root@rhel6 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/house mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=1024 (log=0) Fragment size=1024 (log=0) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 127512 inodes, 509952 blocks 25497 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=1 Maximum filesystem blocks=67633152 63 block groups 8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group 2024 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (8192 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 21 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. [root@rhel6 ~]# mount -t ext4 /dev/mapper/house /house PS: HERE I have successfully mounted: [root@rhel6 ~]# ls /house/ lost+found [root@rhel6 ~]# vim /etc/fstab -> as follow /dev/mapper/house /house ext4 defaults 1 2 [root@rhel6 ~]# vim /etc/crypttab -> entry as follows house /dev/vg01/lvol1 password [root@rhel6 ~]# mount -o remount /house [root@rhel6 ~]# ls /house/ lost+found [root@rhel6 ~]# umount /house/ [root@rhel6 ~]# mount -a -> SUCCESSFUL AGAIN [root@rhel6 ~]# ls /house/ lost+found Please let me know if I am missing anything here. Thanks in advance.

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• "Error loading operating system": Win7/Vista

  - by LookitsPuck

  Have this computer for about 2 years now. Originally had Vista installed, now have Windows 7 installed. Both on separate hard drives. Also have another drive used strictly for media. About a week ago, the Vista hard drive started going on its way out. Was getting problems on startup. After a few BIOS settings, I was able to get into Windows 7 and everything was fine. However, I started remembering the startup issues, so I deleted the bootup for Vista under msconfig. Didn't restart the computer at that time, though. For a few days, everything was ok. Last night I play a little poker, then hit the hay. I wake up to a good ole "Error loading operating system" on the screen. Just wonderful. Looks like the computer restarted overnight (auto updates, anyone?). So, after a big of finagling and half hearted tries, I can't get past the "Error loading operating system" screen. FWIW, in the BIOS it can see my hard drives fine. So I move on. I get my Windows 7 installation disk to try and do a repair. Go in the BIOS, change boot priority to DVD drive, and we're on our merry way. After loading from the disc, I first try jumping into the "Repair your computer" section. That opens up the System Recovery Options. However, this is where the problem comes into play. I don't see any operating systems here. Nada. What's odd though is if I click on the Load Drivers button, I can see my Windows 7 partition (C:), and can go through the files and folders without issue. What do I do at this point? I can't repair it. It seems like I can traverse the hard drive without issue when in an open dialog in the System Recovery Options, but I'm getting the good ole "Error loading computer" on bootup. Suggestions? Thanks all!!

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• ZFS/Btrfs/LVM2-like storage with advanced features on Linux?

  - by Easter Sunshine

  I have 3 identical internal 7200 RPM SATA hard disk drives on a Linux machine. I'm looking for a storage set-up that will give me all of this: Different data sets (filesystems or subtrees) can have different RAID levels so I can choose performance, space overhead, and risk trade-offs differently for different data sets while having a few number of physical disks (very important data can be 3xRAID1, important data can be 3xRAID5, unimportant reproducible data can be 3xRAID0). If each data set has an explicit size or size limit, then the ability to grow and shrink the size limit (offline if need be) Avoid out-of-kernel modules R/W or read-only COW snapshots. If it's a block-level snapshots, the filesystem should be synced and quiesced during a snapshot. Ability to add physical disks and then grow/redistribute RAID1, RAID5, and RAID0 volumes to take advantage of the new spindle and make sure no spindle is hotter than the rest (e.g., in NetApp, growing a RAID-DP raid group by a few disks will not balance the I/O across them without an explicit redistribution) Not required but nice-to-haves: Transparent compression, per-file or subtree. Even better if, like NetApps, analyzes the data first for compressibility and only compresses compressible data Deduplication that doesn't have huge performance penalties or require obscene amounts of memory (NetApp does scheduled deduplication on weekends, which is good) Resistance to silent data corruption like ZFS (this is not required because I have never seen ZFS report any data corruption on these specific disks) Storage tiering, either automatic (based on caching rules) or user-defined rules (yes, I have all-identical disks now but this will let me add a read/write SSD cache in the future). If it's user-defined rules, these rules should have the ability to promote to SSD on a file level and not a block level. Space-efficient packing of small files I tried ZFS on Linux but the limitations were: Upgrading is additional work because the package is in an external repository and is tied to specific kernel versions; it is not integrated with the package manager Write IOPS does not scale with number of devices in a raidz vdev. Cannot add disks to raidz vdevs Cannot have select data on RAID0 to reduce overhead and improve performance without additional physical disks or giving ZFS a single partition of the disks ext4 on LVM2 looks like an option except I can't tell whether I can shrink, extend, and redistribute onto new spindles RAID-type logical volumes (of course, I can experiment with LVM on a bunch of files). As far as I can tell, it doesn't have any of the nice-to-haves so I was wondering if there is something better out there. I did look at LVM dangers and caveats but then again, no system is perfect.

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• Abnormal hangs and restarts Ubuntu 8.04

  - by jai-ho

  Hi, I am using Ubuntu 8.04 LTS and seeing the following behaviors: The system hangs after a while and becomes completely unresponsive. The system sometimes restarts itself ! Can you please help me identify what is the problem? Also please mention where should I look for the possible cause of this error. Thanks. EDIT: Got the following from the dmesg output (the system got hung and had to restart) [ 15.452015] Driver 'sr' needs updating - please use bus_type methods [ 15.456882] Driver 'sd' needs updating - please use bus_type methods [ 15.457987] sr0: scsi3-mmc drive: 52x/52x writer cd/rw xa/form2 cdda tray [ 15.457993] Uniform CD-ROM driver Revision: 3.20 [ 15.458058] sr 0:0:1:0: Attached scsi CD-ROM sr0 [ 15.463028] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] 156301488 512-byte hardware sectors (80026 MB) [ 15.463051] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off [ 15.463055] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 [ 15.463083] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA [ 15.463151] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] 156301488 512-byte hardware sectors (80026 MB) [ 15.463167] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off [ 15.463171] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 [ 15.463197] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA [ 15.463202] sda:<5sr 0:0:1:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 5 [ 15.464634] sd 1:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 0 [ 15.470120] sda1 sda2 < sda5 [ 15.495536] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk [ 15.759549] Attempting manual resume [ 15.759554] swsusp: Resume From Partition 8:5 [ 15.759556] PM: Checking swsusp image. [ 15.759742] PM: Resume from disk failed. [ 15.779964] EXT3-fs: INFO: recovery required on readonly filesystem. [ 15.779970] EXT3-fs: write access will be enabled during recovery. [ 19.904204] kjournald starting. Commit interval 5 seconds [ 19.904235] EXT3-fs: sda1: orphan cleanup on readonly fs [ 19.904245] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 303260 [ 19.904304] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 303329 [ 19.932763] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 3801871 [ 19.932785] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 3801874 [ 19.932798] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 3801910 [ 19.951253] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 3801912 [ 19.951266] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 3801914 [ 19.951278] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 3959212 [ 19.951299] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 3959213 [ 19.960335] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 3959215 [ 19.963531] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 3801875 [ 19.963545] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 3663727 [ 19.963565] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 3663708 [ 19.963577] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4072122 [ 19.963597] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4072157 [ 19.968616] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4072159 [ 19.970252] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4072160 [ 19.970264] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4072161 [ 19.992889] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4072264 [ 19.992903] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4072267 [ 19.999585] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4072268 [ 20.008329] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4072270 [ 20.008343] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4072123 [ 20.008360] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4072452 [ 20.008374] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4072453 [ 20.008385] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4072124 [ 20.008398] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 311574 [ 20.008413] ext3_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 967890 [ 20.008420] EXT3-fs: sda1: 28 orphan inodes deleted [ 20.008423] EXT3-fs: recovery complete. [ 20.082622] EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. [ 29.025379] input: PC Speaker as /devices/platform/pcspkr/input/input2 [ 29.187133] Linux agpgart interface v0.102 [ 29.225338] iTCO_vendor_support: vendor-support=0 [ 29.259662] iTCO_wdt: Intel TCO WatchDog Timer Driver v1.02 (26-Jul-2007)

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• RHEL5: Can't create sparse file bigger than 256GB in tmpfs

  - by John Kugelman

  /var/log/lastlog gets written to when you log in. The size of this file is based off of the largest UID in the system. The larger the maximum UID, the larger this file is. Thankfully it's a sparse file so the size on disk is much smaller than the size ls reports (ls -s reports the size on disk). On our system we're authenticating against an Active Directory server, and the UIDs users are assigned end up being really, really large. Like, say, UID 900,000,000 for the first AD user, 900,000,001 for the second, etc. That's strange but should be okay. It results in /var/log/lastlog being huuuuuge, though--once an AD user logs in lastlog shows up as 280GB. Its real size is still small, thankfully. This works fine when /var/log/lastlog is stored on the hard drive on an ext3 filesystem. It breaks, however, if lastlog is stored in a tmpfs filesystem. Then it appears that the max file size for any file on the tmpfs is 256GB, so the sessreg program errors out trying to write to lastlog. Where is this 256GB limit coming from, and how can I increase it? As a simple test for creating large sparse files I've been doing: dd if=/dev/zero of=sparse-file bs=1 count=1 seek=300GB I've tried Googling for "tmpfs max file size", "256GB filesystem limit", "linux max file size", things like that. I haven't been able to find much. The only mention of 256GB I can find is that ext3 filesystems with 2KB blocks are limited to 256GB files. But our hard drives are formatted with 4K blocks so that doesn't seem to be it--not to mention this is happening in a tmpfs mounted ON TOP of the hard drive so the ext3 partition shouldn't be a factor. This is all happening on a 64-bit Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.4 system. Interestingly, on my personal development machine, which is a 32-bit Fedora Core 6 box, I can create 300GB+ files in tmpfs filesystems no problem. On the RHEL5.4 systems it is no go.

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• How do I configure OpenVPN for accessing the internet with one NIC?

  - by Lekensteyn

  I've been trying to get OpenVPN to work for three days. After reading many questions, the HOWTO, the FAQ and even parts of a guide to Linux networking, I cannot get my an Internet connection to the Internet. I'm trying to set up a OpenVPN server on a VPS, which will be used for: secure access to the Internet bypassing port restrictions (directadmin/2222 for example) an IPv6 connection (my client does only have IPv4 connectivity, while the VPS has both IPv4 and native IPv6 connectivity) (if possible) I can connect to my server and access the machine (HTTP), but Internet connectivity fails completely. I'm using ping 8.8.8.8 for testing whether my connection works or not. Using tcpdump and iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j LOG, I can confirm that the packets reach my server. If I ping to 8.8.8.8 on the VPS, I get an echo-reply from 8.8.8.8 as expected. When pinging from the client, I do not get an echo-reply. The VPS has only one NIC: etho. It runs on Xen. Summary: I want to have a secure connection between my laptop and the Internet using OpenVPN. If that works, I want to have IPv6 connectivity as well. Network setup and software: Home laptop (eth0: 192.168.2.10) (tap0: 10.8.0.2) | | (running Kubuntu 10.10; OpenVPN 2.1.0-3ubuntu1) | wifi | router/gateway (gateway 192.168.2.1) | INTERNET | VPS (eth0:1.2.3.4) (gateway, tap0: 10.8.0.1) (running Debian 6; OpenVPN 2.1.3-2) wifi and my home router should not cause problems since all traffic goes encrypted over UDP port 1194. I've turned IP forwarding on: # echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward iptables has been configured to allow forwarding traffic as well: iptables -F FORWARD iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -s 10.8.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -j DROP I've tried each of these rules separately without luck (flushing the chains before executing): iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j SNAT --to 1.2.3.4 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE route -n before (server): 1.2.3.4 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 1.2.3.4 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 route -n after (server): 1.2.3.4 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.8.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 tap0 0.0.0.0 1.2.3.4 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 route -n before (client): 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 2 0 0 wlan0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 wlan0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 wlan0 route -n after (client): 1.2.3.4 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 wlan0 10.8.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 tap0 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 2 0 0 wlan0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 wlan0 0.0.0.0 10.8.0.1 128.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tap0 128.0.0.0 10.8.0.1 128.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tap0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 wlan0 SERVER config proto udp dev tap ca ca.crt cert server.crt key server.key dh dh1024.pem server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 push "redirect-gateway def1" ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt keepalive 10 120 tls-auth ta.key 0 comp-lzo user nobody group nobody persist-key persist-tun log-append openvpn-log verb 3 mute 10 CLIENT config dev tap proto udp remote 1.2.3.4 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca ca.crt cert client.crt key client.key ns-cert-type server tls-auth ta.key 1 comp-lzo verb 3 mute 20 traceroute 8.8.8.8 works as expected (similar output without OpenVPN activated): 1 10.8.0.1 (10.8.0.1) 24.276 ms 26.891 ms 29.454 ms 2 gw03.sbp.directvps.nl (178.21.112.1) 31.161 ms 31.890 ms 34.458 ms 3 ge0-v0652.cr0.nik-ams.nl.as8312.net (195.210.57.105) 35.353 ms 36.874 ms 38.403 ms 4 ge0-v3900.cr0.nik-ams.nl.as8312.net (195.210.57.53) 41.311 ms 41.561 ms 43.006 ms 5 * * * 6 209.85.248.88 (209.85.248.88) 147.061 ms 36.931 ms 28.063 ms 7 216.239.49.36 (216.239.49.36) 31.109 ms 33.292 ms 216.239.49.28 (216.239.49.28) 64.723 ms 8 209.85.255.130 (209.85.255.130) 49.350 ms 209.85.255.126 (209.85.255.126) 49.619 ms 209.85.255.122 (209.85.255.122) 52.416 ms 9 google-public-dns-a.google.com (8.8.8.8) 41.266 ms 44.054 ms 44.730 ms If you have any suggestions, please comment or answer. Thanks in advance.

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• Specifying network settings during SLES 11 auto installation

  - by banjer

  I'm setting up an autoinst.xml file for auto-installing SLES 11. I get prompted for the various interface settings per below, but they don't seem to stick once the server reboots. I don't think I have the xml defined correctly. I'm hoping someone has experience with this. <ask-list> <ask> <path>networking,dns,hostname</path> <question>Enter Hostname (server name)</question> <stage>initial</stage> <default>merkin</default> </ask> <ask> <path>networking,interfaces,interface,0,device</path> <question>Enter the primary ethernet device:</question> <stage>initial</stage> <default>eth0</default> </ask> <ask> <path>networking,interfaces,interface,0,ipaddr</path> <question>Enter the primary IP Address:</question> <stage>initial</stage> </ask> <ask> <path>networking,interfaces,interface,0,netmask</path> <question>Enter the Netmask Address:</question> <stage>initial</stage> </ask> <ask> <path>networking,routing,routes,route,0,gateway</path> <question>Enter the primary Gateway Address:</question> <stage>initial</stage> </ask> </ask-list> The first one for hostname seems to be sticking just fine, but the rest do not. As an alternative, is there a way to stop the autoinstall at the section where you configure the network devices so that the user can take over? I was able to show the partition proposal, but not sure how to do the same with the networking setup.

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• My IIS server won't serve SSL sites to some browsers

  - by sbleon

  (Update: This is now cross-posted at http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3355000. This is the more appropriate forum, but StackOverflow gets a lot more traffic.) I've got an IIS 6.0 server that won't serve pages over SSL to some browsers. In Webkit-based browsers on OS X 10.6, I can't load pages at all. In MSIE 8 on Windows XP SP3, I can load pages, but it will sometimes hang downloading images or sending POSTs. Working: Firefox 3.6 (OS X + Windows) Chrome (Windows) Partially Working: MSIE 8 (works sometimes, but hangs up, especially on POSTs) Not Working: Chrome 5 (OS X) Safari 5 (OS X) Mobile Safari (iOS 4) On OS X (the easiest platform for me to test on), Chrome and Firefox both negotiate the same TLS Cipher, but Chrome hangs on or after the post-negotiation handshake. Chrome packet capture (via ssldump): 1 1 0.0485 (0.0485) C>S Handshake ClientHello Version 3.1 cipher suites Unknown value 0xc00a Unknown value 0xc009 Unknown value 0xc007 Unknown value 0xc008 Unknown value 0xc013 Unknown value 0xc014 Unknown value 0xc011 Unknown value 0xc012 Unknown value 0xc004 Unknown value 0xc005 Unknown value 0xc002 Unknown value 0xc003 Unknown value 0xc00e Unknown value 0xc00f Unknown value 0xc00c Unknown value 0xc00d Unknown value 0x2f TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 Unknown value 0x35 TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA Unknown value 0x32 Unknown value 0x33 Unknown value 0x38 Unknown value 0x39 TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA compression methods NULL 1 2 0.3106 (0.2620) S>C Handshake ServerHello Version 3.1 session_id[32]= bb 0e 00 00 7a 7e 07 50 5e 78 48 cf 43 5a f7 4d d2 ed 72 8f ff 1d 9e 74 66 74 03 b3 bb 92 8d eb cipherSuite TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 compressionMethod NULL Certificate ServerHelloDone 1 3 0.3196 (0.0090) C>S Handshake ClientKeyExchange 1 4 0.3197 (0.0000) C>S ChangeCipherSpec 1 5 0.3197 (0.0000) C>S Handshake [hang, no more data transmitted] Firefox packet capture: 1 1 0.0485 (0.0485) C>S Handshake ClientHello Version 3.1 resume [32]= 14 03 00 00 4e 28 de aa da 7a 25 87 25 32 f3 a7 ae 4c 2d a0 e4 57 cc dd d7 0e d7 82 19 f7 8f b9 cipher suites Unknown value 0xff Unknown value 0xc00a Unknown value 0xc014 Unknown value 0x88 Unknown value 0x87 Unknown value 0x39 Unknown value 0x38 Unknown value 0xc00f Unknown value 0xc005 Unknown value 0x84 Unknown value 0x35 Unknown value 0xc007 Unknown value 0xc009 Unknown value 0xc011 Unknown value 0xc013 Unknown value 0x45 Unknown value 0x44 Unknown value 0x33 Unknown value 0x32 Unknown value 0xc00c Unknown value 0xc00e Unknown value 0xc002 Unknown value 0xc004 Unknown value 0x96 Unknown value 0x41 TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA Unknown value 0x2f Unknown value 0xc008 Unknown value 0xc012 TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA Unknown value 0xc00d Unknown value 0xc003 Unknown value 0xfeff TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA compression methods NULL 1 2 0.0983 (0.0497) S>C Handshake ServerHello Version 3.1 session_id[32]= 14 03 00 00 4e 28 de aa da 7a 25 87 25 32 f3 a7 ae 4c 2d a0 e4 57 cc dd d7 0e d7 82 19 f7 8f b9 cipherSuite TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 compressionMethod NULL 1 3 0.0983 (0.0000) S>C ChangeCipherSpec 1 4 0.0983 (0.0000) S>C Handshake 1 5 0.1019 (0.0035) C>S ChangeCipherSpec 1 6 0.1019 (0.0000) C>S Handshake 1 7 0.1019 (0.0000) C>S application_data 1 8 0.2460 (0.1440) S>C application_data 1 9 0.3108 (0.0648) S>C application_data 1 10 0.3650 (0.0542) S>C application_data 1 11 0.4188 (0.0537) S>C application_data 1 12 0.4580 (0.0392) S>C application_data 1 13 0.4831 (0.0251) S>C application_data [etc] Update: Here's a Wireshark capture from the server end. What's going on with those two much-delayed RST packets? Is that just IIS terminating what it perceives as a non-responsive connection? 19 10.129450 67.249.xxx.xxx 10.100.xxx.xx TCP 50653 > https [SYN] Seq=0 Win=65535 Len=0 MSS=1460 WS=3 TSV=699250189 TSER=0 20 10.129517 10.100.xxx.xx 67.249.xxx.xxx TCP https > 50653 [SYN, ACK] Seq=0 Ack=1 Win=16384 Len=0 MSS=1460 WS=0 TSV=0 TSER=0 21 10.168596 67.249.xxx.xxx 10.100.xxx.xx TCP 50653 > https [ACK] Seq=1 Ack=1 Win=524280 Len=0 TSV=699250189 TSER=0 22 10.172950 67.249.xxx.xxx 10.100.xxx.xx TLSv1 Client Hello 23 10.173267 10.100.xxx.xx 67.249.xxx.xxx TCP [TCP segment of a reassembled PDU] 24 10.173297 10.100.xxx.xx 67.249.xxx.xxx TCP [TCP segment of a reassembled PDU] 25 10.385180 67.249.xxx.xxx 10.100.xxx.xx TCP 50653 > https [ACK] Seq=148 Ack=2897 Win=524280 Len=0 TSV=699250191 TSER=163006 26 10.385235 10.100.xxx.xx 67.249.xxx.xxx TLSv1 Server Hello, Certificate, Server Hello Done 27 10.424682 67.249.xxx.xxx 10.100.xxx.xx TCP 50653 > https [ACK] Seq=148 Ack=4215 Win=524280 Len=0 TSV=699250192 TSER=163008 28 10.435245 67.249.xxx.xxx 10.100.xxx.xx TLSv1 Client Key Exchange 29 10.438522 67.249.xxx.xxx 10.100.xxx.xx TLSv1 Change Cipher Spec 30 10.438553 10.100.xxx.xx 67.249.xxx.xxx TCP https > 50653 [ACK] Seq=4215 Ack=421 Win=65115 Len=0 TSV=163008 TSER=699250192 31 10.449036 67.249.xxx.xxx 10.100.xxx.xx TLSv1 Encrypted Handshake Message 32 10.580652 10.100.xxx.xx 67.249.xxx.xxx TCP https > 50653 [ACK] Seq=4215 Ack=458 Win=65078 Len=0 TSV=163010 TSER=699250192 7312 57.315338 10.100.xxx.xx 67.249.xxx.xxx TCP https > 50644 [RST, ACK] Seq=1 Ack=1 Win=0 Len=0 19531 142.316425 10.100.xxx.xx 67.249.xxx.xxx TCP https > 50653 [RST, ACK] Seq=4215 Ack=458 Win=0 Len=0

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• What the hell was THAT?!?

  - by Massimo

  My system is Windows XP SP3, updated with the latest patches. The PC is connected to a Cisco 877 ADSL router, which does NAT from the internal network to its single static public IP address. There are no forwarded ports, and the router's management console can only be accessed from the inside. I was doing two things: working on a remote office machine via VPN and browsing some web pages on the Cisco web site. The remote network is absolutely safe (it's a lab network, four virtual servers, no publicly accessible services and no users at all; also, none of what I'm going to describe ever happened there). The Cisco web site... well, I suppose is quite safe, too. Suddenly, something happened. Strange popups appears anywhere; programs claiming they're "antimalware", "antispyware" et so on begins autoinstalling; fake Windows Update and Security Center icons pop up in the system tray. svchost.exe began crashing repeatedly. Then, finally, after some minutes of this... BSOD. And, upon rebooting, BSOD again. Even in safe mode. Ok, that was obviously some virus/trojan/whatever. I had to install a new copy of Windows on another partition to clean things up. I found strange executables, services and DLLs almost anywhere. Amongst the other things, user32.dll and ndis.sys had been replaced. A fake software called "Antimalware Doctor" had been installed. There were services with completely random names or even GUIDs (!), and also ones called "IpSect" and "Darkness". There were executable files without an .exe extension. There were even two boot-class drivers, which I'm quite sure are the ones that finally caused the system to crash. A true massacre. Ok, now the questions: What the hell was that?!? It was something more than a simple virus! How did it manage to attack my computer, as I am behind a firewall and was not doing anything even only potentially harmful on the web at the time?

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• Fedora 13 post security update boot problem

  - by Alex

  Hello. About a month ago I installed a security update that had new Kernek 2.6.34.x from 2.6.33.x), this is when the problem occurred for the first time. After the install my computer would not boot at all, black screen without any visible hard drive activity (I gave it good 30 minutes on black screen, before took actions)... I poped in installation DVD and went in rescue mode to change back the boot option to old kernel (was just a guess where the problem was). After restart computer loaded just file, took a long time for it to start because of SELinux targeted policy relabel is required. Relabeling could take very long time depending on file size. I assumed that the update got messed up somehow and continued working with modified boot option. Couple of days ago, there was another kernel update. I installed it and same problem as before. This rules out corrupted update theory... Black screen right after 'BIOS' screen before OS gets loaded. I had to rescue system again... Below is copy of my grub.conf file. I am fairly new to LINUX (couple of years of experience), mostly development and basic config... nothing crazy. # grub.conf generated by anaconda # # Note that you do not have to rerun grub after making changes to this file # NOTICE: You have a /boot partition. This means that # all kernel and initrd paths are relative to /boot/, eg. # root (hd0,0) # kernel /vmlinuz-version ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_obalyuk-lv_root # initrd /initrd-[generic-]version.img #boot=/dev/sda default=2 timeout=0 splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz hiddenmenu title Fedora (2.6.34.6-54.fc13.i686.PAE) root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.34.6-54.fc13.i686.PAE ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_obalyuk-lv_root rd_LVM_LV=vg_obalyuk/lv_root rd_LVM_LV=vg_obalyuk/lv_swap rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_MD rd_NO_DM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 KEYTABLE=us rhgb quiet initrd /initramfs-2.6.34.6-54.fc13.i686.PAE.img title Fedora (2.6.34.6-47.fc13.i686.PAE) root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.34.6-47.fc13.i686.PAE ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_obalyuk-lv_root rd_LVM_LV=vg_obalyuk/lv_root rd_LVM_LV=vg_obalyuk/lv_swap rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_MD rd_NO_DM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 KEYTABLE=us rhgb quiet initrd /initramfs-2.6.34.6-47.fc13.i686.PAE.img title Fedora (2.6.33.8-149.fc13.i686.PAE) root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.33.8-149.fc13.i686.PAE ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_obalyuk-lv_root rd_LVM_LV=vg_obalyuk/lv_root rd_LVM_LV=vg_obalyuk/lv_swap rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_MD rd_NO_DM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 KEYTABLE=us rhgb quiet initrd /initramfs-2.6.33.8-149.fc13.i686.PAE.img I like my system to be up to date... Let me know if I can post any other files that can be of help. Has anyone else had this problem? Does anyone has any ideas how to fix this problem? p.s. Anything helps, you ppl are great! thx for ur time.

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• Windows XP machine not seeing external FAT32 partitions correctly

  - by Rob_before_edits

  About 8 months ago my Windows XP machine stopped being able to see FAT32 external drives when I plug them in... mostly. I will explain... It happens with all my FAT32 drives, whether they be unpowered external hard drives, powered external hard drives, SDHC cards plugged directly into the machine's card reader, or SDHC cards plugged in via a separate USB card reader. All of these drives/cards used to work fine on this machine. They all stopped working at about the same time. NTFS volumes are not affected. If I plug in NTFS external drives they are recognized right away. I even have one external drive with two partitions on it, one is NTFS which is recognized, the other is FAT32, which is not recognized. If I attach a FAT32 drive, then reboot, then the drive almost always becomes visible to the machine after the reboot. Sometimes I can plug in a FAT32 drive and it works right away. Not often though. I'd say I get lucky more often with SDHC cards than hard drives. I'm developing a theory that I only get lucky with hard drives if I'm running Acronis Disk Director when I plug them in, though that usually doesn't work either - I need more data here, this may be a red herring. Getting lucky with a hard drive is really rare, usually I have to reboot. When a FAT32 is recognized, either because I got lucky or because I rebooted, I can almost never safely disconnect it. It tells me "The device 'Generic volume' cannot be stopped right now. Try stopping the device again later". I can't seem to get around this. IIRC, I've tried closing every open window, and still no luck. Since I care about my data usually the only way to disconnect a FAT32 drive is to shut down the machine. As you can imagine, two reboots just to read a drive is getting pretty old... When the machine fails to see a FAT32 drive it usually comes up with the appropriate drive letter and the words "Local Disk" in Windows Explorer instead of the correct partition name. If I click on it I get "J:\ is not accessible. The parameter is incorrect." Before this problem arose I always clicked the "safely remove" button for everything, including SDHC cards where I think it's not necessary. I've known for a long time that this is the correct procedure for hard drives, so I don't think failing to do this was the cause of this problem (before someone asks :) Any answers or suggestions most welcome.

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• Gigabyte GA-970A-UD3 mobo won't boot from USB flash drive

  - by user38586

  I am trying to boot BAMT a Debian flavor via USB on a brand new Gigabyte GA-970A-UD3 motherboard. I tried various flash drive and various OS. I never had this problem with ASUS and MSI. The problem is from Gigabyte hardware. I found that my BIOS is very strict about MBR compatibility. Now I can boot in DOS mode. The flash drive need to be formated as a Win98 Startup disk using HP USB disk storage format tool. Unetbootin menu is booting from USB but won't install BAMT. If I use Windows or Linux diskimager the working MBR is deleted. I tried converting BAMT .img to .iso and it is not booting with Unetbootin. Is it possible to boot BAMT(Debian Linux) from a Win98 DOS command prompt? Maybe there is a way to burn the image and keep the working MBR? If the working MBR is deleted, the flash drive is not recognized at all by the BIOS. This is the info I found that got me booting for the first time in DOS: GB's BIOS will only boot USBs formatted to FAT-32, conforming to normal MBR bootloader. I've seen this before, and surmised that the 'stick-maker' was formatting in ReiserFile, or one of the EXT 'flavors', but no one ever followed up to confirm or deny... Also, if it's putting the bootloader into its own partition - won't work! In the BIOS, on the "Integrated Peripherals" page, the "USB Storage Function" item must be enabled (which should be the default) to allow USB booting... I've put a little work into a 'GB USB booting tutorial', and frankly, I'd just go ahead and finish it up for you, but I really don't want to reboot the several times it will take me to 'firm up' procedural details, and take the BIOS/boot pictures for the post - just noticed VAIL finally went 'public beta', so will be downloading for likely twenty-six hours or so There's likely enough there to test a 'raw DOS boot', just to see if your hardware (especially the USB stick itself) will do it... Some post later: Fixed. Here is a brief summary. Since my ubuntu live usb sticks (2gb kingston and 8gb sandisk sd/usb reader - fat32, created in ubuntu 10.04) would not boot this board even though they would boot my ga-ep45-ud3p, I decided to try bilbat's suggestion with the HP usb boot program. I created the win98 boot disk on the kingston 2gb stick without reformatting. It booted right up. Next, I used windows version of unetbootin to write the ubuntu live cd to the kingston disk. This fired right up and completed the install. Everything seems to be in good order now. Unfortunately I can boot in DOS mode but can't boot BAMT.

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• Windows Setup could not configure Windows to run on this computer's hardware

  - by Hello71

  The whole installation goes smoothly up to the point of "Completing installation ...". The monitor changes resolution, after which a standard dialog box pops up saying Windows Setup could not configure Windows to run on this computer's hardware Then, in a few seconds, the whole machine powers down. Trying to restart produces the message: STOP: c000021a {Fatal System Error} 0x00000000 (0xc0000001 0x00100448) OR it boots into Setup and comes up with the message: Windows Setup encountered an unexpected error... (This is not the actual error, just paraphrasing) I tried using the OEM restore instead of a regular install, but it fails with the same error. (Even though it worked before...) General specs: HP Pavilion Elite e9262f Intel Core i5-750 Processor ATI Radeon HD 4650 Hitachi HDT721010SLA360 ATA Device 6GB DDR3 RAM SuperMulti DVD Burner with LightScribe Some built-in Wi-Fi module http://h10025.www1.hp.com/ewfrf/wc/document?docname=c01916917 I've tried disconnecting the wireless card and disabling the built-in Ethernet and Firewire via the BIOS, and replacing the wireless keyboard and mouse with wired USB ones. Didn't work. I've also tried changing the SATA controller settings in the BIOS to RAID, AHCI, and IDE, reinstalling each time I changed. Still not working. I think the reason why it is showing the Fatal System Error is because it didn't finish installing before it errored out and shut down, so the system is left in an inconsistent state. I've tried 3 different copies (including the OEM restore) of Windows 7 now, and they're all failing at the same point, with the same error message. I've tried to install Windows 7 maybe 10 times already, with the exact same error message at the exact same location. Hm... Interestingly, the 32-bit version of Windows 7 works, but the 64-bit version doesn't. Perhaps it was a badly burned disk? Reburning the 64-bit version still comes up with the same error. Here's a picture of the side of the case that clearly says it came with Windows 7 64-bit, along with the model number and CPU. sudo fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0009896f Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda2 14 94119 755906445 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda3 119922 121602 13492224 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda4 94120 119922 207257740+ 5 Extended /dev/sda5 119527 119922 3170769 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda6 107174 119526 99225441 83 Linux /dev/sda7 94120 107173 104856192 7 HPFS/NTFS Partition table entries are not in disk order

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• Disk IO causing high load on Xen/CentOS guest

  - by Peter Lindqvist

  I'm having serious issues with a xen based server, this is on the guest partition. It's a paravirtualized CentOS 5.5. The following numbers are taken from top while copying a large file over the network. If i copy the file another time the speed decreases in relation to load average. So the second time it's half the speed of the first time. It needs some time to cool off after this. Load average slowly decreases until it's once again usable. ls / takes about 30 seconds. top - 13:26:44 up 13 days, 21:44, 2 users, load average: 7.03, 5.08, 3.15 Tasks: 134 total, 2 running, 132 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 25.3%id, 74.5%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.1%st Mem: 1048752k total, 1041460k used, 7292k free, 3116k buffers Swap: 2129912k total, 40k used, 2129872k free, 904740k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1506 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:03.94 cifsd 1 root 15 0 2172 644 556 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.08 init Meanwhile the host is ~0.5 load avg and steady over time. ~50% wait Server hardware is dual xeon, 3gb ram, 170gb scsi 320 10k rpm, and shouldn't have any problems with copying files over the network. disk = [ "tap:aio:/vm/dev01.img,xvda,w" ] I also get these in the log INFO: task syslogd:1350 blocked for more than 120 seconds. "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. syslogd D 00062E4F 2208 1350 1 1353 1312 (NOTLB) c0ef0ed0 00000286 6e71a411 00062e4f c0ef0f18 00000009 c0f20000 6e738bfd 00062e4f 0001e7ec c0f2010c c181a724 c1abd200 00000000 ffffffff c0ef0ecc c041a180 00000000 c0ef0ed8 c03d6a50 00000000 00000000 c03d6a00 00000000 Call Trace: [<c041a180>] __wake_up+0x2a/0x3d [<ee06a1ea>] log_wait_commit+0x80/0xc7 [jbd] [<c043128b>] autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x2d [<ee065661>] journal_stop+0x195/0x1ba [jbd] [<c0490a32>] __writeback_single_inode+0x1a3/0x2af [<c04568ea>] do_writepages+0x2b/0x32 [<c045239b>] __filemap_fdatawrite_range+0x66/0x72 [<c04910ce>] sync_inode+0x19/0x24 [<ee09b007>] ext3_sync_file+0xaf/0xc4 [ext3] [<c047426f>] do_fsync+0x41/0x83 [<c04742ce>] __do_fsync+0x1d/0x2b [<c0405413>] syscall_call+0x7/0xb ======================= I have tried disabling irqbalanced as suggested here but it does not seem to make any difference.

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• "Error loading operating system": Win7/Vista

  - by LookitsPuck

  Hey fellas, Have this computer for about 2 years now. Originally had Vista installed, now have Windows 7 installed. Both on separate hard drives. Also have another drive used strictly for media. About a week ago, the Vista hard drive started going on its way out. Was getting problems on startup. After a few BIOS settings, I was able to get into Windows 7 and everything was fine. However, I started remembering the startup issues, so I deleted the bootup for Vista under msconfig. Didn't restart the computer at that time, though. For a few days, everything was ok. Last night I play a little poker, then hit the hay. I wake up to a good ole "Error loading operating system" on the screen. Just wonderful. Looks like the computer restarted overnight (auto updates, anyone?). So, after a big of finagling and half hearted tries, I can't get past the "Error loading operating system" screen. FWIW, in the BIOS it can see my hard drives fine. So I move on. I get my Windows 7 installation disk to try and do a repair. Go in the BIOS, change boot priority to DVD drive, and we're on our merry way. After loading from the disc, I first try jumping into the "Repair your computer" section. That opens up the System Recovery Options. However, this is where the problem comes into play. I don't see any operating systems here. Nada. What's odd though is if I click on the Load Drivers button, I can see my Windows 7 partition (C:), and can go through the files and folders without issue. What do I do at this point? I can't repair it. It seems like I can traverse the hard drive without issue when in an open dialog in the System Recovery Options, but I'm getting the good ole "Error loading computer" on bootup. Suggestions? Thanks all!!

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• grep simply fails when used on a few files

  - by Reid

  I've been trying for about the past 30 minutes to get this to work properly. grep is not exactly the most difficult thing to use, so I'm somewhat baffled as to why this won't work. The files I'm trying to use grep on are simple XHTML log files. Their names are in the format [email protected], though I don't think that should matter, and inside is simple XHTML. I copied one such log file to be testfile so you can see the output of some commands and why it's baffling to me: [~/.chatlogs_windows/dec] > whoami reid [~/.chatlogs_windows/dec] > type grep grep is /bin/grep [~/.chatlogs_windows/dec] > uname -a Linux reid-pc 2.6.35-22-generic #33-Ubuntu SMP Sun Sep 19 20:32:27 UTC 2010 x86_64 GNU/Linux [~/.chatlogs_windows/dec] > head -1 /etc/issue Linux Mint 10 Julia [~/.chatlogs_windows/dec] > ls -Alh | grep testfile -rw-r--r-- 1 reid reid 63K 2011-01-10 12:45 testfile [~/.chatlogs_windows/dec] > tail -3 testfile </body> </html> [~/.chatlogs_windows/dec] > file testfile testfile: XML document text [~/.chatlogs_windows/dec] > grep html testfile [~/.chatlogs_windows/dec] > grep body testfile [~/.chatlogs_windows/dec] > grep "</html>" testfile [~/.chatlogs_windows/dec] > grep "</body>" testfile [~/.chatlogs_windows/dec] > cat testfile | grep html [~/.chatlogs_windows/dec] > cat testfile | wc -l 231 [~/.chatlogs_windows/dec] > cat testfile | tail -3 </body> </html> [~/.chatlogs_windows/dec] > chmod a+rw testfile && ls -Alh | grep testfile -rw-rw-rw- 1 reid reid 63K 2011-01-10 12:45 testfile [~/.chatlogs_windows/dec] > grep html testfile That's what I'm attempting to do. I want to just use grep -ri query . in ~/.chatlogs_windows, which normally works perfectly for me... but for some reason, it completely fails at going through these files. If it matters, I copied these files off of my Windows 7 partition. But I chown'd them and gave myself all the appropriate permissions, and other programs (like cat) seem to read them just fine. I also copied testfile to testfile_unix and converted the line endings and tried that, but it didn't work either. I'm using zsh, but I tried it on bash and that failed too. Also, grep works normally: I tried it out on my documents folder and it worked flawlessly. If you need any more information, just let me know. I tried googling around, but I found no reason for grep to simply not work. Thanks in advance.

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• Win7 x64 unresponsive for a minute or so. HD failing?

  - by Gaia

  On a fully updated Win7 x64, every so often the system stalls for a minute or so. This has been going on for a couple months now. By stalling I mean the mouse responds and I can move windows around, but any window, any program, that is open becomes whiteish when I select it AND any new programs will not open. It doesn't matter what kind of program it is. When the stall stops all clicks I made (open new programs for example) take effect. Nothing shows up consistently (as in every time this happens) in the event log. Today though I was able to find something, but it doesn't reveal much other than the "system was unresponsive". It's a 7009 for "A timeout was reached (30000 milliseconds) while waiting for the Windows Error Reporting Service service to connect." It doesn't matter if I have any USB devices plug-in or not. I've ran Microsoft Security Essentials and Malwarebytes. While the machine is unresponsive, I've noticed that Drive D (the other partition on the single internal HD in this laptop) is displayed like this in explorer. This never occurs with Drive C or any other drive on the machine. . SMART report for the physical drive: Read benchmark by HD Tune 5 Pro, probably the most telling piece of the puzzle. Isn't this alone enough to see there is a problem with the drive, regardless of whether the unresponsiveness is caused by such purported problem? Here is a short hardware report: Computer: LENOVO ThinkPad T520 CPU: Intel Core i5-2520M (Sandy Bridge-MB SV, J1) 2500 MHz (25.00x100.0) @ 797 MHz (8.00x99.7) Motherboard: LENOVO 423946U Chipset: Intel QM67 (Cougar Point) [B3] Memory: 8192 MBytes @ 664 MHz, 9.0-9-9-24 - 4096 MB PC10600 DDR3 SDRAM - Samsung M471B5273CH0-CH9 - 4096 MB PC10600 DDR3 SDRAM - Patriot Memory (PDP Systems) PSD34G13332S Graphics: Intel Sandy Bridge-MB GT2+ - Integrated Graphics Controller [D2/J1/Q0] [Lenovo] Intel HD Graphics 3000 (Sandy Bridge GT2+), 3937912 KB Drive: ST320LT007, 312.6 GB, Serial ATA 3Gb/s Sound: Intel Cougar Point PCH - High Definition Audio Controller [B2] Network: Intel 82579LM (Lewisville) Gigabit Ethernet Controller Network: Intel Centrino Advanced-N 6205 AGN 2x2 HMC OS: Microsoft Windows 7 Professional (x64) Build 7601 The drive less than 1 year old. Do I have a defective drive? Seagate Tools diag says there is nothing wrong with the drive... UPDATE: I noticed that the windows error reporting service entered the running state then the stopped state and the space between the two events was exactly 2 minutes. Which error it was trying to report I don't know. I check the "Reliability Monitor" and it shows no errors to be reported. I've disabled the windows error reporting service to see if the problem stops.

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• what can cause a folder to become indestructible?

  - by JustJeff

  I have a directory that I want to delete, but windows (xp sp3) is giving me the run-around and the folder is now effectively indestructible. Attempts to open the folder, either via explorer or cmd.exe are met with 'd:/temp/foo Is Not Accessible. Access is denied'. Attempts to delete the folder result in 'Cannot delete foo: The directory is not empty' So I can't delete it because supposedly it's not empty, but windows won't let me in it for some reason, so I can't clean it out first. There's nothing in it of consequence, and basically I just want to delete it at this point. Thinking that some other process must have a lock on it, I used the SysInternals 'handles' and Process Explorer to look for open handles with the directory name. These turned up no matches. (The directory name is not actually 'foo', it is something more unique but 'foo' is easier to type here). I put the machine through a restart, and the problem persists. I did a search for the folder name with regedit, to see what other apps might be aware of it. No match. The properties dialog was mildly interesting. The Read-Only attribute is 'semi-checked', i.e., the grayish check mark you get when some parts are and some parts aren't. Naturally I immediately unchecked this, and tried to delete the folder. No go. Opening properties again reveals the gray check mark next to Read-Only has returned. All the stats, size, size on disk, files, folders, all these are zero. There do not appear to be any shares on the folder, so that's not it either. Finally, I tried opening the partition's properties, and running the Tools/Error Checking utility. This didn't turn up any problems either. Fwiw, this directory was created by [a popular gui zip tool] when I tried to unpack a tar-and-zipped archive created on another system with command line utils. The archive was definitely corrupt, but I've never seen such a file do anything worse than crash the zip app, and certainly never leave permanent glitches in the file system. So what else can possibly be going on to make this folder behave this way?

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• Baseline / Benchmark Physical and virtual server performance

  - by EyeonTech

  I am setting up a new server and there are some options. I want to perform some benchmarks and I need your help in determining the best tools and if possible run pre-configured benchmarks designed for SQL servers on Windows Server 2008/2012. Step 1. Run a performance monitor on the current Live SQL server (Windows Server 2008 Virtual machine running on ESXi. New server Hardware rundown: Intel® Server System R1304BTLSHBN - 1U Rack, LGA1155 http://ark.intel.com/products/53559/Intel-Server-System-R1304BTLSHBN Intel Xeon E3-1270V2 2x Intel SSD 330 Series 240GB 2.5in SATA 6Gb/s 25nm 1x WD 2TB WD2002FAEX 2TB 64M SATA3 CAVIAR BLACK 4x 8GB 1333MHz DDR3 ECC CL9 DIMM There are several options for configurations and I want to benchmark some of them and share the results. Option 1. Configure 2x SSDs at RAID 0. Install Windows Server 2008 directly to the 2TB WD Caviar HDD. Store Database files on the RAID 0 Volume. Benchmark the OS direct on the hardware as an SQL Server. Store SQL Backup databases on the 2TB WD Caviar HDD. Option 2. Configure 2x SSDs at RAID 0. Install Windows Server 2012 directly to the 2TB WD Caviar HDD. Install Hyper-V. Install the SQL Server (Server 2008) as a virtual machine. Store the Virtual Hard Disks on the SSDs. Option 3. Configure 2x SSDs at RAID 0. Install VMWare ESXi on a partition of the 2TB WD Caviar HDD. Install the SQL Server (Server 2008) as a virtual machine. Store the Virtual Hard Disks on the SSDs. I have a few tools in mind from http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc768530(v=bts.10).aspx. Any tools with pre-configured test would be fantastic. Specifically if there are pre-configured perfmon sets avaliable. Any opinions on the setup to gain the best results is welcome. Thanks in advance.

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• Expectations for NTFS file recovery

  - by Fred Hamilton

  Yesterday I booted my XP system, and as I looked up a minute later I saw the light blue screen and tail-end of that pre-boot diskcheck Windows sometimes does if it finds an error (or was previously told to run a diskcheck drung the next boot). I didn't worry about it at the moment... But then I looked at my "scratch" disk, which was a 70% full, 750GB hard disk...and it now looks like it has been freshly formatted. It doesn't have a single file on it, just the hidden "System Volume Information" file and 750GB of freedom from data. I looked at some of the recovery tools from the Free NTFS partition recovery question and decided to try PC INSPECTOR™ File Recovery 4.x initially. It ran overnight and afterwards returned a list of thousands of files it could recover. The odd thing was that the filenames were lost, but the file extensions were not (WTF?). And all of the files were exactly 1,472kB in size. I recovered a dozen PDFs as a test, and 80% of them displayed OK despite being padded out to 1.5MB (though I assume any files 1472kB are hosed). My primary question is: Is this the best I can expect from any file recovery software when trying to recover NTFS files? Or is there perhaps something better out there? I assume this is as good as it gets, but wanted to check in with the experts first. Bonus questions: What might have happened to my drive? I didn't intentionally format it. I've never seen a disk error cause the drive to suddenly become a clean, reformatted drive. Could some malicious/confused software have told my PC to format my disk on reboot? Is that even a function Windows XP has? Why can the file extensions be recovered but not the filename? Does NTFS really treat them as separate entities? I thought I had 8.3 naming turned off, but maybe that had something to do with it. Or maybe it looks at the data in the file and guesses the extension?

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