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• Loose Coupling in Object Oriented Design

  - by m3th0dman

  I am trying to learn GRASP and I found this explained (here on page 3) about Low Coupling and I was very surprised when I found this: Consider the method addTrack for an Album class, two possible methods are: addTrack( Track t ) and addTrack( int no, String title, double duration ) Which method reduces coupling? The second one does, since the class using the Album class does not have to know a Track class. In general, parameters to methods should use base types (int, char ...) and classes from the java.* packages. I tend to diasgree with this; I believe addTrack(Track t) is better than addTrack(int no, String title, double duration) due to various reasons: It is always better for a method to as fewer parameters as possible (according to Uncle Bob's Clean Code none or one preferably, 2 in some cases and 3 in special cases; more than 3 needs refactoring - these are of course recommendations not holly rules). If addTrack is a method of an interface, and the requirements need that a Track should have more information (say year or genre) then the interface needs to be changed and so that the method should supports another parameter. Encapsulation is broke; if addTrack is in an interface, then it should not know the internals of the Track. It is actually more coupled in the second way, with many parameters. Suppose the no parameter needs to be changed from int to long because there are more than MAX_INT tracks (or for whatever reason); then both the Track and the method need to be changed while if the method would be addTrack(Track track) only the Track would be changed. All the 4 arguments are actually connected with each other, and some of them are consequences from others. Which approach is better?

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• Object model design: collections on classes

  - by Luke Puplett

  Hi all, Consider Train.Passengers, what type would you use for Passengers where passengers are not supposed to be added or removed by the consuming code? I'm using .NET Framework, so this discussion would suit .NET, but it could apply to a number of modern languages/frameworks. In the .NET Framework, the List is not supposed to be publicly exposed. There's Collection and ICollection and guidance, which I tend to agree with, is to return the closest concrete type down the inheritance tree, so that'd be Collection since it is already an ICollection. But Collection has read/write semantics and so possibly it should be a ReadOnlyCollection, but its arguably common sense not to alter the contents of a collection that you don't have intimate knowledge about so is it necessary? And it requires extra work internally and can be a pain with (de)serialization. At the extreme ends I could just return Person[] (since LINQ now provides much of the benefits that previously would have been afforded by a more specified collection) or even build a strongly-typed PersonCollection or ReadOnlyPersonCollection! What do you do? Thanks for your time. Luke

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• Is functional programming a superset of object oriented?

  - by Jimmy Hoffa

  The more functional programming I do, the more I feel like it adds an extra layer of abstraction that seems like how an onion's layer is- all encompassing of the previous layers. I don't know if this is true so going off the OOP principles I've worked with for years, can anyone explain how functional does or doesn't accurately depict any of them: Encapsulation, Abstraction, Inheritance, Polymorphism I think we can all say, yes it has encapsulation via tuples, or do tuples count technically as fact of "functional programming" or are they just a utility of the language? I know Haskell can meet the "interfaces" requirement, but again not certain if it's method is a fact of functional? I'm guessing that the fact that functors have a mathematical basis you could say those are a definite built in expectation of functional, perhaps? Please, detail how you think functional does or does not fulfill the 4 principles of OOP.

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• Recommended reading for (Object Oriented) application design architecture?

  - by e4rthdog

  In life it doesnt matter if you do one thing for 15 years. You will end up waking one day and asking stuff that are equal to "how do i walk?" :) My specific question is that as a new entrant to C# and OOP i am stepping into many little "details" that need to be addressed. Written a lot of code in VB.NET / cobol / simple php e.t.c surely does not help much into the OOP world... So , even after reading entry level books for C# and watching some videos i recently found out about the "factory model design" for applications. I would appreciate if any of you guys recomment some reading on application design architecture for further reading...

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• Newton Game Dynamics: Making an object not affect another object

  - by Boreal

  I'm going to be using Newton in my networked action game with Mogre. There will be two "types" of physics object: global and local. Global objects will be kept in sync for everybody; these include the players, projectiles, and other gameplay-related objects. Local objects are purely for effect, like ragdolls, debris, and particles. Is there a way to make the global objects affect the local objects without actually getting affected themselves? I'd like debris to bounce off of a tank, but I don't want the tank to respond in any way.

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• Design for object with optional and modifiable attributtes?

  - by Ikuzen

  I've been using the Builder pattern to create objects with a large number of attributes, where most of them are optional. But up until now, I've defined them as final, as recommended by Joshua Block and other authors, and haven't needed to change their values. I am wondering what should I do though if I need a class with a substantial number of optional but non-final (mutable) attributes? My Builder pattern code looks like this: public class Example { //All possible parameters (optional or not) private final int param1; private final int param2; //Builder class public static class Builder { private final int param1; //Required parameters private int param2 = 0; //Optional parameters - initialized to default //Builder constructor public Builder (int param1) { this.param1 = param1; } //Setter-like methods for optional parameters public Builder param2(int value) { param2 = value; return this; } //build() method public Example build() { return new Example(this); } } //Private constructor private Example(Builder builder) { param1 = builder.param1; param2 = builder.param2; } } Can I just remove the final keyword from the declaration to be able to access the attributes externally (through normal setters, for example)? Or is there a creational pattern that allows optional but non-final attributes that would be better suited in this case?

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• Object inheritance and method parameters/return types - Please check my logic

  - by user2368481

  I'm preparing for a test and doing practice questions, this one in particular I am unsure I did correctly: We are given a very simple UML diagram to demonstrate inheritance: I hope this is clear, it shows that W inherits from V and so on: |-----Y V <|----- W<|-----| |-----X<|----Z and this code: public X method1(){....} method2(new Y()); method2(method1()); method2(method3()); The questions and my answers: Q: What types of objects could method1 actually return? A: X and Z, since the method definition includes X as the return type and since Z is a kind of X is would be OK to return either. Q: What could the parameter type of method2 be? A: Since method2 in the code accepts Y, X and Z (as the return from method1), the parameter type must be either V or W, as Y,X and Z inherit from both of these. Q: What could return type of method3 be? A: Return type of method3 must be V or W as this would be consistent with answer 2.

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• Tips about how to spread Object Oriented practices

  - by Augusto

  I work for a medium company that has around 250 developers. Unfortunately, lots of them are stuck in a procedural way of thinking and some teams constantly deliver big Transactional Script applications, when in fact the application contains rich logic. They also fail to manage the design dependencies, and end up with services which depend on another large number of services (a clean example of Big Ball of Mud). My question is: Can you suggest how to spread this type of knowledge? I know that the surface of the problem is that these applications have a poor architecture and design. Another issue is that there are some developers who are against writing any kind of test. A few things I'm doing to change this (but I'm either failing or the change is too small are) Running presentations about design principles (SOLID, clean code, etc). Workshops about TDD and BDD. Coaching teams (this includes using sonar, findbugs, jdepend and other tools). IDE & Refactoring talks. A few things I'm thinking to do in the future (but I'm concern that they might not be good) Form a team of OO evangelists, who disseminate an OO way of thinking in differet teams (these people would need to change teams every few months). Running design review sessions, to criticise the design and suggest improvements (even if the improvements are not done because of time constraints, I think this might be useful) . Something I found with the teams I coach, is that as soon as I leave them, they revert back to the old practices. I know I don't spend a lot of time with them, usually just one month. So whatever I'm doing, it doesn't stick. I'm sorry this question is spattered with frustration, but the alterative to write this was to hit my head on the wall until I pass out.

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• SEO disasters moving domain for a high traffic website?

  - by chrism2671

  We're looking at moving our website from http://www.wikijob.co.uk to http://www.wikijob.com/uk as we spread our wings internationally. Our .co.uk website has a PR6 and received around 1/2 million visitors a month, 40% international. The wikijob.com domain, while registered for a while, has not been used nor promoted. I am concerned that moving domain could really haemorrhage our traffic and result in a loss of goodwill from Google, even if we use a 301, but equally, if we could transfer that pagerank to the .com domain, that would give us a massive head start around the world. Should we do it, or should we start over with .com and leave .co.uk as is?

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• Object construction design

  - by James

  I recently started to use c# to interface with a database, and there was one part of the process that appeared odd to me. When creating a SqlCommand, the method I was lead to took the form: SqlCommand myCommand = new SqlCommand("Command String", myConnection); Coming from a Java background, I was expecting something more similar to SqlCommand myCommand = myConnection.createCommand("Command String"); I am asking, in terms of design, what is the difference between the two? The phrase "single responsibility" has been used to suggest that a connection should not be responsible for creating SqlCommands, but I would also say that, in my mind, the difference between the two is partly a mental one of the difference between a connection executing a command and a command acting on a connection, the latter of which seems less like what I have been lead to believe OOP should be. There is also a part of me wondering if the two should be completely separate, and should only come together in some sort of connection.execute(command) method. Can anyone help clear up these differences? Are any of these methods "more correct" than the others from an OO point of view? (P.S. the fact that c# is used is completely irrelevant. It just highlighted to me that different approaches were used)

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• Using visitor pattern with large object hierarchy

  - by T. Fabre

  Context I've been using with a hierarchy of objects (an expression tree) a "pseudo" visitor pattern (pseudo, as in it does not use double dispatch) : public interface MyInterface { void Accept(SomeClass operationClass); } public class MyImpl : MyInterface { public void Accept(SomeClass operationClass) { operationClass.DoSomething(); operationClass.DoSomethingElse(); // ... and so on ... } } This design was, however questionnable, pretty comfortable since the number of implementations of MyInterface is significant (~50 or more) and I didn't need to add extra operations. Each implementation is unique (it's a different expression or operator), and some are composites (ie, operator nodes that will contain other operator/leaf nodes). Traversal is currently performed by calling the Accept operation on the root node of the tree, which in turns calls Accept on each of its child nodes, which in turn... and so on... But the time has come where I need to add a new operation, such as pretty printing : public class MyImpl : MyInterface { // Property does not come from MyInterface public string SomeProperty { get; set; } public void Accept(SomeClass operationClass) { operationClass.DoSomething(); operationClass.DoSomethingElse(); // ... and so on ... } public void Accept(SomePrettyPrinter printer) { printer.PrettyPrint(this.SomeProperty); } } I basically see two options : Keep the same design, adding a new method for my operation to each derived class, at the expense of maintainibility (not an option, IMHO) Use the "true" Visitor pattern, at the expense of extensibility (not an option, as I expect to have more implementations coming along the way...), with about 50+ overloads of the Visit method, each one matching a specific implementation ? Question Would you recommand using the Visitor pattern ? Is there any other pattern that could help solve this issue ?

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• Object desing problem for simple school application

  - by Aragornx

  I want to create simple school application that provides grades,notes,presence,etc. for students,teachers and parents. I'm trying to design objects for this problem and I'm little bit confused - because I'm not very experienced in class designing. Some of my present objects are : class PersonalData() { private String name; private String surename; private Calendar dateOfBirth; [...] } class Person { private PersonalData personalData; } class User extends Person { private String login; private char[] password; } class Student extends Person { private ArrayList<Counselor> counselors = new ArrayList<>(); } class Counselor extends Person { private ArrayList<Student> children = new ArrayList<>(); } class Teacher extends Person { private ArrayList<ChoolClass> schoolClasses = new ArrayList<>(); private ArrayList<Subject> subjects = new ArrayList<>(); } This is of course a general idea. But I'm sure it's not the best way. For example I want that one person could be a Teacher and also a Parent(Counselor) and present approach makes me to have two Person objects. I want that user after successful logging in get all roles that it has (Student or Teacher or (Teacher & Parent) ). I think I should make and use some interfaces but I'm not sure how to do this right. Maybe like this: interface Role { } interface TeacherRole implements Role { void addGrade( Student student, Grade grade, [...] ); } class Teacher implements TeacherRole { private Person person; [...] } class User extends Person{ ArrayList<Role> roles = new ArrayList<>(); } Please if anyone could help me to make this right or maybe just point me to some literature/article that covers practical objects design.

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• How to ensure that the domain name you are registering won't have licensing or trademark issues?

  - by pokemarine

  What are the conventions of domain registering? What domains and names someone can use as a brand/name for a website? How to determine if the name selected is available and there will be no legal issues later? Example.: A new website being developed, it needs a name, isn't it? So the team who is responsible for it decides, the name will be "WooLaCocaCola", means I should register the www.woolacocacola.com domain for the site. Let's say the domain is free to register, but that doesn't mean that the name as it is can be used, how can I check something like this?

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• Structuring Access Control In Hierarchical Object Graph

  - by SB2055

  I have a Folder entity that can be Moderated by users. Folders can contain other folders. So I may have a structure like this: Folder 1 Folder 2 Folder 3 Folder 4 I have to decide how to implement Moderation for this entity. I've come up with two options: Option 1 When the user is given moderation privileges to Folder 1, define a moderator relationship between Folder 1 and User 1. No other relationships are added to the db. To determine if the user can moderate Folder 3, I check and see if User 1 is the moderator of any parent folders. This seems to alleviate some of the complexity of handling updates / moved entities / additions under Folder 1 after the relationship has been defined, and reverting the relationship means I only have to deal with one entity. Option 2 When the user is given moderation privileges to Folder 1, define a new relationship between User 1 and Folder 1, and all child entities down to the grandest of grandchildren when the relationship is created, and if it's ever removed, iterate back down the graph to remove the relationship. If I add something under Folder 2 after this relationship has been made, I just copy all Moderators into the new Entity. But when I need to show only the top-level Folders that a user is Moderating, I need to query all folders that have a parent folder that the user does not moderate, as opposed to option 1, where I just query any items that the user is moderating. Thoughts I think it comes down to determining if users will be querying for all parent items more than they'll be querying child items... if so, then option 1 seems better. But I'm not sure. Is either approach better than the other? Why? Or is there another approach that's better than both? I'm using Entity Framework in case it matters.

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• Can't Access TFS 2010 Beta 2 from Visual Studio 2010 Beta 2 when domain joined

  - by Brian Sullivan

  I'm experimenting with an installation of TFS 2010 Beta 2 on a virtual machine under VirtualBox running Windows Server 2008. When I've got the server in a workgroup, I can connect to it from Visual Studio just fine, as long as I provide credentials for a local user on the server machine when prompted by the "Connect to Team Foundation Server" dialog. The desktop I'm running Visual Studio on is joined to a domain. However, when I join the server to the domain, I can no longer connect to it from Visual Studio. I get a pretty generic error message: "TF31002 - Unable to connect to team foundation server". It gives me several different possible problems, including an incorrect address or an incorrect username and password. I've already added the domain Windows identity with which I'm logged on the the desktop to the TFS Admins group on the server, so I don't think it's a username/password problem. I've also tried putting the literal IP address of the server in the dialog address box instead of the machine name, but still no dice. I made sure that network discovery was enabled on the server, too, and can navigate to "\\webserver2008" in Windows Explorer without any problems. Shouldn't be a firewall problem, since the TFS install creates the appropriate exceptions in Windows Firewall. It's all a bit confusing, since it seems to work when the server is in a workgroup. Note: I'm a dev, not an admin, so there are many subtleties of server administration with which I'm not familiar. Please make no assumptions about what I may or may not have tried; what may be obvious to you may have never occurred to me. Thanks in advance!

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• Trying to configure DNS on a Godaddy Virtual Dedicated host, Mediatemple Domain Registration [closed]

  - by dclowd9901

  A client of mine purchased VD hosting with Godaddy and a domain name with Mediatemple. I've never configured DNS from scratch, and I'm finding it very difficult to find any sort of explanation on how to go about it. As of right now, Mediatemple is pointing to the Godaddy's ns1.domaincontrol.com and ns2.domaincontrol.com nameservers. The VD hosting on Godaddy (via their Simple Control Panel) has options to "Add a new domain", which brings you through a wizard of sorts that asks you if the domain has already been registered (yes), what it is (dclowd9901.com for this example), create a system username and password for it (with checkboxes for SSH and FTP access), which level of user can administer it, and whether a mail account should be setup. When complete, it also creates a zone file. In this zone file, the Primary nameserver is ns1.dclowd9901.com; the records are as follow (where 12.23.12.34 is the presumed host): @ A 12.23.12.34 @ NS ns1 @ NS ns2 ns1 A 12.23.12.34 ns2 A 12.23.12.34 @ MX mail www A 12.23.12.34 ftp A 12.23.12.34 ssh A 12.23.12.34 mail A 12.23.12.34 If anyone can shed any light on this for me, explain to me the interactions between the registrar and the host and so on, I'd be very grateful. Thanks in advance for the help.

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• Read Only Domain Controllers and DNS zone updates

  - by Mike M

  I have a Windows 2003 domain and just added a new DC that runs 2008 R2. I updated the schema accordingly for both forest and domain levels. I also made sure to run /rodcprep at the time I did this. I have a branch office with a 2008 R2 file/print server that is a read-only domain controller (DC). The one problem I have been having is with AD-integrated DNS records updates. In the data center, we had to make an IP address change on a particular server. All our other sites' DCs (2003) updated the record fine. The 2008 R2 DC in the data center also updates its record fine. However, the RODC in the branch office does not. So if I nslookup the target server on a 2003 DC, the IP address is correct. Same with the 2008 R2 DC in the data center. But an nslookup on the branch office RODC still pulls in the old IP address. Moreover, any new records we've created (e.g., just added a new terminal server) do not get updated on the branch RODC either. Is there something simple I'm missing? How do I get the RODC to sync its AD-integrated DNS records with the rest of my world? Thank you in advance for your responses. Mike

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• pfsense, active directory, local domain

  - by Dalton Conley

  First things first, I have no idea what I'm doing. Certainly not afraid to admit that.. but here is my network setup. I have 2 servers, one of them in a domain controller. Both are running windows server 2008. They have replicated directories. Each server is at a different location and has its own firewall for the network at that location. Both firewalls are using pfsense. Recently a firewall went down and my coworker reinstalled pfsense, and everything seems setup correctly. Again, I have no idea what I'm doing so I'm not sure. I have records from when the previous IT person had setup this network and the firewall settings are the same but those records could have been extremely old. Now, I have a domain name for my network.. we'll call it "mydomain.net". I use to be able to access this domain name and it would bring up the servers replicated drives(i.e. \\mydomain.net). Now I cannot. I can however access the servers individual host names on my network(i.e. \\server1 , \\server2). We didn't change anything on the server which is what makes me think its something to do with the firewall. I know this is probably a very general question and I don't have a lot of detail to add but could anyone give me some insight on to what could be causing this, or some debugging techniques I can apply to this? I'm a programmer, not a network administrator.

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• AWS own email domain and some generic questions

  - by John Brunner

  I'm getting started with Amazon Web Services and I have a few question I'm not sure about. As every (company) webpage I want to use an "[email protected]" email adress, but how is that done? I looked up at godaddy.com (for domain registration), the offer me an email adress like I want, but for 3 dollars per month. Is this possible with AWS? Because at AWS you have just a complex domain which is not very userfriendly or serious. Also I want to host my dynamic webpage on the amazon cloud, but I'm not sure if I'm doing that right. I've read many guides, and all I know is that I have to purchase a Elastic Compute Cloud, and a Simple Storage Service... and every guide is working with the basic linux package, why not Windows? Is it more expensive? I just want to host a mySQL Server for the dynamic webpage, which is reached over a normal domain. And one last question, if I sign up for an AWS account it asks me for an email account. But I found it a little bit unserious to write there my free-webmailer-adress... How is it done the normal way? Thanks in advance! Best regards, john.

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• Problems installing Windows service via Group Policy in a domain

  - by CraneStyle

  I'm reasonably new to Group Policy administration and I'm trying to deploy an MSI installer via Active Directory to install a service. In reality, I'm a software developer trying to test how my service will be installed in a domain environment. My test environment: Server 2003 Domain Controller About 10 machines (between XP SP3, and server 2008) all joined to my domain. No real other setup, or active directory configuration has been done apart from things like getting DNS right. I suspect that I may be missing a step in Group Policy that says I need to grant an explicit permission somewhere, but I have no idea where that might be or what it will say. What I've done: I followed the documentation from Microsoft in How to Deploy Software via Group Policy, so I believe all those steps are correct (I used the UNC path, verified NTFS permissions, I have verified the computers and users are members of groups that are assigned to receive the policy etc). If I deploy the software via the Computer Configuration, when I reboot the target machine I get the following: When the computer starts up it logs Event ID 108, and says "Failed to apply changes to software installation settings. Software changes could not be applied. A previous log entry with details should exist. The error was: An operations error occurred." There are no previous log entries to check, which is weird because if it ever actually tried to invoke the windows installer it should log any sort of failure of my application's installer. If I open a command prompt and manually run: msiexec /qb /i \\[host]\[share]\installer.msi It installs the service just fine. If I deploy the software via the User Configuration, when I log that user in the Event Log says that software changes were applied successfully, but my service isn't installed. However, when deployed via the User configuration even though it's not installed when I go to Control Panel - Add/Remove Programs and click on Add New Programs my service installer is being advertised and I can install/remove it from there. (this does not happen when it's assigned to computers) Hopefully that wall of text was enough information to get me going, thanks all for the help.

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• How to disable Tcp/Ip settings in windows 7 via GPO?

  - by Akash Kava

  I have enabled following policies, "Prohibit TCP/IP advanced connection" "Prohibit access to properties of components of a LAN connection" "Enable Windows 2000 Network Connections setings for Administrators" after doing all these, all machines running windows xp, 2000 and vista have network settings properties button disabled as expected. However all machines running windows 7 have no effect, I believe there are few more steps, all Windows 7 machines are on domain and we want to control this via Domain Controler's GPO. Please let me know, what I need to do to have Windows 7 disable the properties of network connection, I am not network expert, I read few articles about what new has been added in GPO of windows 7 but I am blank. Everything works fine on Windows XP, Vista, 2003 Server. Only Windows 7 is a problem.

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• Private whois: How to know the owner ?

  - by xrobot

  Is there a way to get information about the owner of a domain with private whois ?

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• Allow Windows Domain users Local Admin rights on subset of Domain Computers

  - by growse

  I'm a bit new to AD management, so would appreciate some help in what may be a very simple task. I've got a domain that manages a bunch of different servers, and I want to grant local administrative rights to some domain users to some of the servers (the development webservers). I appreciate the group concept, so I imagine I would have to create a group containing the users in question another group containing the computers to grant them access to. What's the best way of going about this?

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• Apache mod_rewrite redirect any request on domain name to another domain

  - by consolibyte

  How can I use mod_rewrite on Apache to direct any request for any page in a particular VirtualHost to another domain? i.e. something like: <VirtualHost whatever.com:80> Redirect * to http://www.some-other-domain.com/some-page.html </VirtualHost>

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• how to develop domain specific language on top of another language ?

  - by sofreakinghigh

  say i found a good open source software/library written in python. i want to wrap some of the functions or methods that i have created into easy to understand language of my own. do porter_stemm(DOC) (the DSL) would be equivalent to the function or series of methods written in python. i want to create a DSL that is easy to learn, but need this DSL translated into the original open source software software. im not sure if i am clear here but my intention is: create an easy to learn code language that users can use to solve a problem in a certain niche. this simple language needs to be translated or compiled or interpretated via some middleware into the original open source software's language (python).

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