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• Can't connect to Wired Network after installing 12.04

  - by ezz9

  I have installed 12.04 into a used HP Compaq DC 7100 CMT. Plugged in LAN cable into the computer and it says network disconnected. from what I understand on the things I've read, it's not getting the address right, maybe it's just a guess (hardware address 00:16:35:78:47:bb). I know the LAN cable is working I can get on the net with the old computer. (Old computer is using device MAC address; Auto eth0 00:11:11:E6:4F:FE). I have put this address into the newer HP and it shows last used (minutes ago) but no Internet sever not found. I tried the hardware address it says never. I feel and think this should be easy to fix. But I just don't know. Here is the info everyone has asked for, but they never say what I should do. sudo lshw -C network; rfkill list; cat /etc/network/interfaces; cat /etc/lsb-release; lspci -nn; lsusb; uname -a; ifconfig; route -n *-network description: ethernet interface product; NetXtreme BCM5751 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:40:00.0 logical name: eth0 verson: 01 serial: 00:16:35:78:47:bb size: 100Mbit/s capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm vpd msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000-fd configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=tg3 driverversion= 3.121 duplex=full firmware=5751-v3.29a latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twi sted pair speed=100Mbit/s resources: irq:17 memory:f0400000-f040ffff auto lo iface lo inet loopback DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu DISTRIB_RELEASE=12.04 DISTRIB_CODENAME=precise DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION= "Ubuntu 12.04 LTS" 00:00.0 host bridge [0600]: Inter Corporation 82915G/P/GV/GL/PL/910GL Memory Con troller Hub [8086:2580] (rev 04) 00.02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation 82915G/GV/910GL inte grated Graphics Controller [8086:2582] (rev 04) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Family) PCI Express Port 1 [8086:2660] (rev 03) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Family) PCI Express Port 2 [8086:2662] (rev 03) 00:1d.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Fam ily) USB UHCI #1 [8086:2658] (rev 03) 00:1d.1 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Fam ily) USB UHCI #2 [8086:2659] (rev 03) 00:1d.2 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Fam ily) USB UHCI #3 [8086:265a] (rev 03) 00:1d.3 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Fam ily) USB UHCI #4 [8086:265b] (rev 03) 00:1d.7 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Fam ily) USB2 UHCI Controller [8086:265c] (rev 03) 00:1e.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI bridge [8086:244e] (rev d 3) 00:1e.2 Multimedia audio controller [0401]: Intel Corporation 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/ FRW (ICH6 Family) AC'97 Autio conrtroller [8086:266e] (rev 03) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge [0601]: Intel Corporation 82801FB/RF (ICH6/ICH6R) LPC Interfa ce Bridge [8086:2640] (rev 03) 00:1f.1 IDE interface [0101]: Intel Corporation 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 fami ly) IDE Controller [8086:266f] (rev 03) 00:1f.2 IDE interface [0101]: Intel Corporation 82801FB/FW (ICH6/ICH6W) SATA Con troller [8086:2651] (rev 03) 40:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Broadcom Corporation NetXreme BCM5751 Gigab it Ethernet PCI Express [14e4:1677} (rev 01) Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Linux bob-desktop 3.2.0-23-generic-pae #36-Ubuntu SMP Tpr 10 22:19:09 UTC 20 12 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:35:78:47:bb inet6 addr: fe80::216:35ff:47bb/64 Scope:link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:2517 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:164 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:164508 (164.5 KB) TX bytes: 40884 (40.0 KB) Interrupt:17 lo Link encap:Local loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:3290 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:3290 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen: 0 RX bytes:267212 (267.2 KB) TX bytes: 267212 (267.2 KB) Kernel Ip routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface ran this sudo dhclient eth0 no reply ran this ip addr 1: lo <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST ,MULTICAST ,UP ,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000 link/enter 00:16:35:78:47:BB brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 169.254.7.172/16 brd 169.254.255.255 scope link eth0:avahi inet6 fe80::216:35ff:fe78:47bb/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever Help please.

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• Remote host: can tracert, can telnet, can*not* browse: what gives?

  - by MacThePenguin

  One of my customers of the company I work for has made a change to their Internet connection, and now we can't connect to them any more from our LAN. To help me troubleshoot this issue, the network guy on the customer's site has configured their firewall so that a HTTPS connection to their public IP address is open to any IP. I should put https://<customer's IP> in my browser and get a web page. Well, it works from any network I've tried (even from my smartphone), just not from my company's LAN. I thought it may be an issue with our firewall (though I checked its rules and it allows outbound TCP port 443 to anywhere), so I just connected a PC directly to the network connection of our provider, bypassing out firewall completely, and still it didn't work (everything else worked). So I asked for help to our Internet provider's customer service, and they asked me to do a tracert to our customer's IP. The tracert is successful, as the final hop shown in the output is the host I want to reach. So they said there's no problem. :( I also tried telnet <customer's IP> 443 and that works as well: I get a blank page with the cursor blinking (I've tried using another random port and that gives me an error message, as it should). Still, from any browser of any PC in my LAN I can't open that URL. I tried checking the network traffic with Wireshark: I see the packages going through and answers coming back, thought the packets I see passing are far less than they are if I successfully connect to another HTTPS website. See the attached screenshot: I had to blur the IPs, anyway the longer string is my PC's local IP address, the shorter one is the customer's public IP. I don't know what else to try. This is the only IP doing this... Any idea what could I try to find a solution to this issue? Thanks, let me know if you need further details. Edit: when I say "it doesn't work" I mean: the page doesn't open, the browser keeps loading for a long time and eventually shows an error saying that the page cannot be opened. I'm not in my office now so I can't paste the exact message, but it's the usual message you get when the browser reaches its timeout. When I say "it works", I mean the browser loads and shows a webpage (it's the logon page for the customers' firewall admin interface: so there's the firewall brand's logo and there are fields to enter a user id and a password). Update 13/09/2012: tried again to connect to the customer's network through our Internet connection without a firewall. This is what I did: Run a Kubuntu 12.04 live distro on a spare laptop; Updated all the packages I could and installed WireShark; Attached it to my LAN and verified that I couldn't open https://<customer's IP>. Verified that the Wireshark trace for this attempt was the same as the one I've already posted; Verified that I could connect to another customer's host using rdesktop (it worked); Tried to rdesktop to <customer's IP>, here's the output: kubuntu@kubuntu:/etc$ rdesktop <customer's IP> Autoselected keyboard map en-us ERROR: recv: Connection reset by peer Disconnected the laptop from the LAN; Disconnected the firewall from the Extranet connection, connected the laptop instead. Set its network configuration so that I could access the Internet; Verified that I could connect to other websites in http and https and in RDP to other customers' hosts - it all worked as expected; Verified that I could still traceroute to <customer's IP>: I could; Verified that I still couldn't open https://<customer's IP> (same exact result as before); Checked the WireShark trace for this attempt and noticed a different behaviour: I could see packets going out to the customer's IP, but no replies at all; Tried to run rdesktop again, with a slightly different result: kubuntu@kubuntu:/etc/network$ rdesktop <customer's IP> Autoselected keyboard map en-us ERROR: <customer's IP>: unable to connect Finally gave up, put everything back as it was before, turned off the laptop and lost the WireShark traces I had saved. :( I still remember them very well though. :) Can you get anything out of it? Thank you very much. Update 12/09/2012 n.2: I followed the suggestion by MadHatter in the comments. From inside the firewall, this is what I get: user@ubuntu-mantis:~$ openssl s_client -connect <customer's IP>:443 CONNECTED(00000003) If I now type GET / the output pauses for several seconds and then I get: write:errno=104 I'm going to try the same, but bypassing the firewall, as soon as I can. Thanks. Update 12/09/2012 n.3: So, I think ISA Server is altering the results of my tests... I tried installing Wireshark directly on the firewall and monitoring the packets on the Extranet network card. When the destination is the customer's IP, whatever service I try to connect to (HTTPS, RDP or SAProuter), I can only see outbound packets and no response packets whatsoever from their side. It looks like ISA Server is "faking" the remote server's replies, that's why I get a connection using telnet or the openSSL client. This is the wireshark trace from inside our LAN: But this is the trace on the Extranet network card: This makes a bit more sense... I'll send this info to the customer's tech and see if he can make anything out of it. Thanks to all that took the time to read my question and post suggestions. I'll update this post again.

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• Handling packet impersonating in client-server model online game

  - by TheDespite

  I am designing a server-client model game library/engine. How do I, and should I even bother to handle frequent update packet possible impersonating? In my current design anyone could copy a packet from someone else and modify it to execute any non-critical action for another client. I am currently compressing all datagrams so that adds just a tad of security. Edit: One way I thought about was to send a unique "key" to the verified client every x_time and then the client has to add that to all of it's update packets until a new key is sent. Edit2: I should have mentioned that I am not concerned about whether the actions described in the packet are available to the client at the time, this is all checked by the server which I thought was obvious. I am only concerned about someone sending packets for another client.

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• Atheros 922 PCI WIFI is disabled in Unity but enabled in terminal - How to get it to work?

  - by zewone

  I am trying to get my PCI Wireless Atheros 922 card to work. It is disabled in Unity: both the network utility and the desktop (see screenshot http://www.amisdurailhalanzy.be/Screenshot%20from%202012-10-25%2013:19:54.png) I tried many different advises on many different forums. Installed 12.10 instead of 12.04, enabled all interfaces... etc. I have read about the aht9 driver... The terminal shows no hw or sw lock for the Atheros card, nevertheless, it is still disabled. Nothing worked so far, the card is still disabled. Any help is much appreciated. Here are more tech details: myuser@adri1:~$ sudo lshw -C network *-network:0 DISABLED description: Wireless interface product: AR922X Wireless Network Adapter vendor: Atheros Communications Inc. physical id: 2 bus info: pci@0000:03:02.0 logical name: wlan1 version: 01 serial: 00:18:e7:cd:68:b1 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath9k driverversion=3.5.0-17-generic firmware=N/A latency=168 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn resources: irq:18 memory:d8000000-d800ffff *-network:1 description: Ethernet interface product: VT6105/VT6106S [Rhine-III] vendor: VIA Technologies, Inc. physical id: 6 bus info: pci@0000:03:06.0 logical name: eth0 version: 8b serial: 00:11:09:a3:76:4a size: 10Mbit/s capacity: 100Mbit/s width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=via-rhine driverversion=1.5.0 duplex=half latency=32 link=no maxlatency=8 mingnt=3 multicast=yes port=MII speed=10Mbit/s resources: irq:18 ioport:d300(size=256) memory:d8013000-d80130ff *-network DISABLED description: Wireless interface physical id: 1 bus info: usb@1:8.1 logical name: wlan0 serial: 00:11:09:51:75:36 capabilities: ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rt2500usb driverversion=3.5.0-17-generic firmware=N/A link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bg myuser@adri1:~$ sudo rfkill list all 0: hci0: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 1: phy1: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes 2: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no myuser@adri1:~$ dmesg | grep wlan0 [ 15.114235] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready myuser@adri1:~$ dmesg | egrep 'ath|firm' [ 14.617562] ath: EEPROM regdomain: 0x30 [ 14.617568] ath: EEPROM indicates we should expect a direct regpair map [ 14.617572] ath: Country alpha2 being used: AM [ 14.617575] ath: Regpair used: 0x30 [ 14.637778] ieee80211 phy0: >Selected rate control algorithm 'ath9k_rate_control' [ 14.639410] Registered led device: ath9k-phy0 myuser@adri1:~$ dmesg | grep wlan1 [ 15.119922] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan1: link is not ready myuser@adri1:~$ lspci -nn | grep 'Atheros' 03:02.0 Network controller [0280]: Atheros Communications Inc. AR922X Wireless Network Adapter [168c:0029] (rev 01) myuser@adri1:~$ sudo ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:11:09:a3:76:4a inet addr:192.168.2.2 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::211:9ff:fea3:764a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:5457 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:2548 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:3425684 (3.4 MB) TX bytes:282192 (282.1 KB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:590 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:590 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:53729 (53.7 KB) TX bytes:53729 (53.7 KB) myuser@adri1:~$ sudo iwconfig wlan0 IEEE 802.11bg ESSID:off/any Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=off Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:on lo no wireless extensions. eth0 no wireless extensions. wlan1 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:off/any Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=0 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:off myuser@adri1:~$ lsmod | grep "ath9k" ath9k 116549 0 mac80211 461161 3 rt2x00usb,rt2x00lib,ath9k ath9k_common 13783 1 ath9k ath9k_hw 376155 2 ath9k,ath9k_common ath 19187 3 ath9k,ath9k_common,ath9k_hw cfg80211 175375 4 rt2x00lib,ath9k,mac80211,ath myuser@adri1:~$ iwlist scan wlan0 Failed to read scan data : Network is down lo Interface doesn't support scanning. eth0 Interface doesn't support scanning. wlan1 Failed to read scan data : Network is down myuser@adri1:~$ lsb_release -d Description: Ubuntu 12.10 myuser@adri1:~$ uname -mr 3.5.0-17-generic i686  Any help much appreciated... Thanks, Philippe 31-10-2012 ... I have some more updates. When I do the following command it does see my Wifi router... So even if it is still disabled... the card seems to work and see the router (ESSID:"5791BC26-CE9C-11D1-97BF-0000F81E") See below: sudo iwlist wlan1 scanning wlan1 Scan completed : Cell 01 - Address: 00:19:70:8F:B0:EA Channel:10 Frequency:2.457 GHz (Channel 10) Quality=51/70 Signal level=-59 dBm Encryption key:on ESSID:"5791BC26-CE9C-11D1-97BF-0000F81E" Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 6 Mb/s 9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s Bit Rates:24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s Mode:Master Extra:tsf=000000025dbf2188 Extra: Last beacon: 108ms ago IE: Unknown: 002035373931424332362D434539432D313144312D393742462D3030303046383145 IE: Unknown: 010882848B960C121824 IE: Unknown: 03010A IE: Unknown: 0706424520010D14 IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1 Group Cipher : TKIP Pairwise Ciphers (2) : CCMP TKIP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: Unknown: 2A0100 IE: Unknown: 32043048606C IE: Unknown: DD180050F2020101030003A4000027A4000042435E0062322F00 IE: Unknown: DD0900037F01010000FF7F IE: Unknown: DD0A00037F04010000000000

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• Iptables Issue can't SSH Remote Machines

  - by Lonston

  I want to SSH to 192.168.1.15 Server from my machine, my ip was 192.168.1.99 Source Destination was UP, with IP 192.168.1.15. This is LAN Network there are 30 Machine's Connected to the network and working fine, I'm Playing around the local machine's cos i need to apply the same rules in Production VPS I have applied the below iptables in my machine 192.168.1.99, Now i can't receive any packets from Outside and i can't send any packets Outside, While applying the Below Chain iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P OUTPUT DROP iptables -P FORWARD DROP After the above CHAIN i have added the Below rules and it want to allow ssh from machine to 192.168.1.15 to access the 192.164.1.15 but still i can't access 192.168.1.15 iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -i eth0 --dport 22 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -o eth0 --sport 22 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --sport 22 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT Any one Please Check Weather my Rules are Wrigt. Still i can't access the machine 15

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• Ubuntu 11.10 is not detecting wired connection on Lenovo G580

  - by Dilip

  I am not able to see wired connection options in header menu. I can see wireless option but still It is not working. Could any one suggest what I am missing? Please find my ifconfig output: =================================== root@rails-dev:/home/rails_work/rdfnet# ifconfig lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:41944 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:41944 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:4602835 (4.6 MB) TX bytes:4602835 (4.6 MB) ===================================

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• Extremely slow transfer speed ubuntu -> Windows

  - by Hailwood

  I have two laptops, One is running Ubuntu 12.04 (EXT4) the other is running Windows 7 (NTFS). I am copying over 40gb of data (one file) from the Ubuntu laptop to the Windows Laptop. (Browse the shared folder on Ubuntu using Windows copy/paste) But I am getting transfer speeds topping out at ~700kb/s Surely this is not right. I am transferring via wifi on both laptops. My download speeds can reach 7-8mb/s on both laptops, so I know it is not the wifi cards or the router topping out. wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 84:4b:f5:db:b4:85 inet addr:192.168.1.66 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::864b:f5ff:fedb:b485/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:11941185 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:11306693 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:10087111370 (10.0 GB) TX bytes:7843524888 (7.8 GB)

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• Why do the interfaces show ipv6 address along with ipv4

  - by nixnotwin

  I have manually specified only ipv4 address for my interfaces. But all the interfaces automatically show inet6 address as well. Does it mean that ubuntu starts an ipv6 tunnel by default. If it does, isn't it dangerous, as ipv6 assigns public ips for all LAN clients. I only have a firewall on my NAT router, and my clients, who's interfaces show ipv6 address, do not have firewalls. Here is a screenshot: eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 34:dc:47:2e:ad:13 inet6 addr: fe80::28cf:38ff:fb7b:da19/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:5783 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:6098 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:1 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:2961324 (2.9 MB) TX bytes:1573757 (1.5 MB) Interrupt:46 Note: For privacy reasons I have modified the HWaddr and inet6 addr values.

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• Fixed Sized Buffer or Variable Buffers with C# Sockets

  - by Keagan Ladds

  I am busy designing a TCP Server class in C# that has events and allows the user of the class to define packets that the server can send a receive by registering a class that is derived from my "GenericPacket" class. My TCPListener uses Async methods such as .BeginReceive(..); My issue is that because I am using the .BeginReceive(); I need to specify a buffer size when I call the function. This means I cant read the whole packet if one of my defined packets is too big. I have thought of creating a fixed sized Header that gets read using .BeginRead(); and the read the rest using Stream.Read(); but this will lead to the whole server having to wait for this operation to complete. I would like to know if anyone has come across this before and I would appreciate any suggestions.

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• Duplicate ping response when running Ubuntu as virtual machine (VMWare)

  - by Stonerain

  I have the following setup: My router - 192.168.0.1 My host computer (Windows 7) - 192.168.0.3 And Ubuntu is running as virtual machine on the host. VMWare network settings is Bridged mode. I've modified Ubuntu network settings in /etc/netowrk/interfaces, set the following config: iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.0.220 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 192.168.0.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255 gateway 192.168.0.1 Internet works correctly, I can install packages. But it gets weird if I try to ping something I get this: PING belpak.by (193.232.248.80) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.0.1 icmp_seq=1 Time to live exceeded From 192.168.0.1 icmp_seq=1 Time to live exceeded From 192.168.0.1 icmp_seq=1 Time to live exceeded From 192.168.0.1 icmp_seq=1 Time to live exceeded From 192.168.0.1 icmp_seq=1 Time to live exceeded 64 bytes from belhost.by (193.232.248.80): icmp_seq=1 ttl=250 time=17.0 ms 64 bytes from belhost.by (193.232.248.80): icmp_seq=1 ttl=249 time=17.0 ms (DUP! ) 64 bytes from belhost.by (193.232.248.80): icmp_seq=1 ttl=248 time=17.0 ms (DUP! ) 64 bytes from belhost.by (193.232.248.80): icmp_seq=1 ttl=247 time=17.0 ms (DUP! ) 64 bytes from belhost.by (193.232.248.80): icmp_seq=1 ttl=246 time=17.0 ms (DUP! ) ^CFrom 192.168.0.1 icmp_seq=2 Time to live exceeded --- belpak.by ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 1 received, +4 duplicates, +6 errors, 50% packet loss, ti me 999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 17.023/17.041/17.048/0.117 ms I think even more interesting are the results of pinging the router itself: stonerain@ubuntu:~$ ping 192.168.0.1 -c 1 PING 192.168.0.1 (192.168.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.0.3: icmp_seq=1 Redirect Network(New nexthop: 192.168.0.1) 64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=6.64 ms --- 192.168.0.1 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 6.644/6.644/6.644/0.000 ms But if I set -c 2: ... 64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=252 time=13.5 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=251 time=13.5 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=13.5 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=253 time=13.5 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=252 time=13.5 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=251 time=13.5 ms (DUP!) From 192.168.0.3: icmp_seq=2 Redirect Network(New nexthop: 192.168.0.1) 64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=254 time=7.87 ms --- 192.168.0.1 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, +256 duplicates, 0% packet loss, time 1002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 6.666/10.141/13.556/2.410 ms Pinging host machine on the other hand works absolutely correctly: no DUPs, no errors. What seems to be the problem and how can I fix it? Thank you.

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• Cannot connect to ethernet port

  - by Jnir

  I'm running Ubuntu 12.04 LTE. I'm trying to connect via ethernet for the first time but have had no success. Ifconfig eth0 returns: eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr: 00:01:2e:3f:f1:a0 inet6 addr: fe80::201:2eff:fe3f:f1a0 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:68 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:183 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:8374 (8.3 KB) TX bytes:42944 (42.9KB) Interrupt:16 Base address:0x6c00 /etc/network/interfaces has auto lo iface lo inef loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp sudo /etc/init.d/networking prints: * Running /etc/init.d/networking restart is deprecated because it may not enable again some interfaces * Reconfiguring network interfaces... Failed to bring up eth0 [OK]

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• Bukkit send a custom placed name plate?

  - by HcgRandon

  Hello i have been working on a part of my plugin that has waypoints allowing the user to create delete etc. I got to thinking after using and seeing a couple of the disguse plugins. That maybe i could create a command toggle that would show the user where the waypoints they have are! I know how to do all of this i just have no idea how to display a nameplate to the client. I know its possible because disguisecraft does it i tried looking though their code but couldent find much... I belive to get this effect i need to send packets to the client if someone can direct me to a list of bukkit packets or even a solution to sending the client a custom located nameplate that would be fantastic! Thanks in advanced.

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• How many bits for sequence number using Go-Back-N protocol.

  - by Mike

  Hi Everyone, I'm a regular over at Stack Overflow (Software developer) that is trying to get through a networking course. I got a homework problem I'd like to have a sanity check on. Here is what I got. Q: A 3000-km-long T1 trunk is used to transmit 64-byte frames using Go-Back-N protocol. If the propagation speed is 6 microseconds/km, how many bits should the sequence numbers be? My Answer: For this questions what we need to do is lay the base knowledge. What we are trying to find is the size of the largest sequence number we should us using Go-Back-N. To figure this out we need to figure out how many packets can fit into our link at a time and then subtract one from that number. This will ensure that we never have two packets with the same sequence number at the same time in the link. Length of link: 3,000km Speed: 6 microseconds / km Frame size: 64 bytes T1 transmission speed: 1544kb/s (http://ckp.made-it.com/t1234.html) Propagation time = 6 microseconds / km * 3000 km = 18,000 microseconds (18ms). Convert 1544kb to bytes = 1544 * 1024 = 1581056 bytes Transmission time = 64 bytes / 1581056bytes / second = 0.000040479 seconds (0.4ms) So then if we take the 18ms propagation time and divide it by the 0.4ms transmission time we will see that we are going to be able to stuff ( 18 / 0.4) 45 packets into the link at a time. That means that our sequence number should be 2 ^ 45 bits long! Am I going in the right direction with this? Thanks, Mike

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• IPCop Packet Mangling

  - by Zenham

  I've found myself in a pickle replacing an old firewall for a client this afternoon. I'm configuring their new IPCop firewall (1.4.21), Zerina OpenVPN addon is installed. What I need to do: There are three network interfaces, currently set up as red (WAN), green (LAN, 192.168.20.0/24) and orange (remote network 10.1.20.0/24). The orange interface is a direct fiber link to another organization. Simple description: Traffic and networks appear to be properly configured at this point, but I have many (150+) specific IPs on the LAN which, when accessing the resources on the 10.1.20.x network, need to be mangled to appear to be coming from the 10.1.20.0/24 network (and return traffic properly delivered). The routing on the far side was configured earlier and should be fine, but I need to redirect any packets coming across destined for those IPs to end up at their proper destination. The addressing is fixed and predictable (ie. 192.168.20.125 - 10.1.20.125). I need to insert whatever rules I have into the IPCop ruleset through /etc/rc.local I know, I'm just not sure about how I should structure this. There's CUSTOMOUTPUT and CUSTOMINPUT targets, both which currently just consist of the single rule redirecting packets to the OVPNOUTPUT/OVPNINPUT targets, so I'm guessing I should insert a rule matching outbound packets destined for the 10.1.20.x network and redirecting to a new target (maybe called TO-ORANGE) and a rule at the top of CUSTOMINPUT which redirects to a FROM-ORANGE target. Under those targets, I would have rules which do the IP matching and mangling. Am I approaching this right? If so, I'm not very familiar with mangle, and would appreciate seeing examples of how to write that source-IP rewrite. If not, how would you suggest doing this? TIA! edit: I notice additionally that the nat table has CUSTOMPREROUTING and CUSTOMPOSTROUTING targets, I guess I could alternatively post the rules in there....

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• Error 720 on VPN (PPTP) attempt

  - by Andy Shulman

  When I attempt to connect to a server running XP x64 (so essentially Server 2003) using a PPTP connection, it fails with client-side error Registering your computer on the network... Error 720: A connection to the remote computer could not be established. You might need to change the network settings for this configuration. and server-side error Event ID: 20050 The user WINSERV3\Andy connected to port VPN8-1 has been disconnected because no network protocols were successfully negotiated. I have configured the router to pass both TCP packets on 1723 and GRE packets. I have used Wireshark (filtering out ARP, UDP, and all TCP ports other than 1723) to observe the packets received by the server. Wireshark does not explicitly name any protocol GRE, but it does tell me the server sent and received TCP, PPTP, PPP LCP, PPP CHAP, PPP CBCP, and PPP IPCP. The connection seems to go wrong at packet 30, where the protocol is PPP LCP, with the payload of the packet being labeled "Protocol Reject". Obviously, this is going from server to client. This would seem to lead to the conclusion that there is something wrong with my client, which runs Windows 7 Ultimate x64. However, it is able to connect to my house's router, which runs the DD-WRT firmware and is thus a PPTP endpoint. I'm thoroughly at a loss. Please help!

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• can't find port 22 traffic under VirtualBox

  - by telliott99

  I'm trying to learn to use tcpdump. I thought I'd eavesdrop on my ssh login. The setup is a bit unusual, I have OS X Lion running VirtualBox, with Ubuntu running in the VM. I have ssh enabled and can login from OS X normally: > ssh -p 22 10.0.1.2 -l telliott Welcome to Ubuntu 11.10 (GNU/Linux 3.0.0-17-generic i686) * Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com/ 0 packages can be updated. 0 updates are security updates. Last login: Sat Mar 31 19:54:36 2012 from toms-mac-mini.local telliott@U32:~$ logout Connection to 10.0.1.2 closed. > I have not obfuscated the ssh port on Ubuntu. From OS X, stroke gives what I expect: > ./stroke 10.0.1.2 22 22 Port Scanning host: 10.0.1.2 Open TCP Port: 22 ssh So from OS X I do: > sudo tcpdump -i en1 -v port 22 Password: tcpdump: listening on en1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes Then I login from OS X to Ubuntu using ssh, but I see nothing with tcpdump. Here is ifconfig from Ubuntu: telliott@U32:~$ ifconfig eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:d7:ba:0e inet addr:10.0.1.2 Bcast:10.0.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fed7:ba0e/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:799 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:465 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:96863 (96.8 KB) TX bytes:68638 (68.6 KB) Where are the packets I was hoping to see? Thanks for any help.

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• Cannot access certain URL on my wireless

  - by dehmann

  Problem: On my wireless network at home, there is one URL that I just cannot access with my browser: http://research.microsoft.com/ I have no problems with the Internet connection otherwise. But on that address I just get The connection was reset The connection to the server was reset while the page was loading. from Firefox. I am using a DSL modem (Westell) and Linksys wireless router (using DHCP). When I use my neighbor's wireless connection I can access the microsoft site without a problem. Additional technical details: But with my connection, here is what I get from nslookup. It is weird: It first cannot find the address, but after I look up another address it can find it: $ nslookup research.microsoft.com ;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached $ nslookup google.com Non-authoritative answer: Name: google.com Address: 72.14.204.104 Name: google.com Address: 72.14.204.147 Name: google.com Address: 72.14.204.99 Name: google.com Address: 72.14.204.103 $ nslookup research.microsoft.com Non-authoritative answer: Name: research.microsoft.com Address: 131.107.65.14 But even after nslookup finds it Firefox still cannot access it. Here is what traceroute says: $ traceroute http://research.microsoft.com/ traceroute: Warning: http://research.microsoft.com/ has multiple addresses; using 8.15.7.117 traceroute to http://research.microsoft.com/ (8.15.7.117), 64 hops max, 40 byte packets 1 dslrouter.westell.com (1XX.XXX.X.X) 4.515 ms 2.760 ms 3.072 ms 2 * * * Traceroute just to the IP: $ traceroute 131.107.65.14 traceroute to 131.107.65.14 (131.107.65.14), 64 hops max, 40 byte packets 1 dslrouter.westell.com (1XX.XXX.X.X) 11.912 ms 2.684 ms 2.808 ms 2 * * * Comparison: Traceroute to google.com IP: $ traceroute 72.14.204.99 traceroute to 72.14.204.99 (72.14.204.99), 64 hops max, 40 byte packets 1 dslrouter.westell.com (1XX.XXX.X.X) 6.428 ms 6.981 ms 117.099 ms 2 * * * Any comments / help?

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• Virtual bridged networking with VLAN, could not ping

  - by v.yegy

  I require a virtual network with VLAN be build between two virtual hosts - which can be (lxc/ vbox -ubuntu or win xp). I tried with lxc and vbox with Ubuntu and was finding difficult to make it work without vlan, but was successful with vbox with xp. vbox-xp1 --- br1 ---------------- br2 ---- vbox-xp2 The config is: brctl addbr br1; brctl addbr br2 ifconfig br1 up; ifconfig br2 up stp br1 off; stp br2 off ip link add name br1-br2-l0 type veth peer name br1-br2-l1 sudo brctl addif br1 br1-br2-l0 sudo brctl addif br2 br1-br2-l1 vbox - xp 1 and 2 with network ; bridged and br1 and br2 respectively. The adapter is intel PRO/1000 MT Server and driver installed in guests. Configured IPs and two hosts pinged! VLAN config: ip link add link br1 name br1-2.5 type vlan id 5 brctl addif br2 br1-2.5 create vlan 5 in xp 1 and 2 and assign ip address Ping on with this config does not work. Wireshark trace on interface br1-br2-l1 / br1-2.5 shows that one ping results in ~240 ping packets and each growing by 4 bytes - first one being correct and 60, ping does not reach other host as I see mac is not learnt[arp -a]. -- if br1-2.5 is not configured, I see untagged packets in br1-br2-l1/0, but still not reaching other host as mac is not learnt. if br1-br2-l0/1 is made down, even if br1-2.5 is up, I count not see any packets. I tried with ebtables, but still could not make a correct config to work. -- If any one here are aware of any configuration, please let me know. I need to make a network of switches. Seems I have a very long way. Sorry for a very long question. Thanks and regards, vy

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• fail2ban log parsing too slow on Raspberry Pi - options? [migrated]

  - by Gordon Morehouse

  I'm running fail2ban on a Raspberry Pi at 950MHz which I cannot overclock further. The Pi is occasionally subject to SYN floods on particular ports. I've set up iptables to throttle the rate of SYNs on the port of interest; when the throttle limits are exceeded, hosts which send SYNs are dropped into the REJECT chain and the particular SYN packet which exceeded the limit is logged. fail2ban then watches for these logged SYNs and, after seeing a few, temporarily bans the host for a short time (this is a transient issue in the app I'm working with). The problem is that the SYN floods can occasionally reach rates which are too fast for fail2ban to keep up with; I'll see 20-40 log messages per second, and eventually fail2ban falls behind and becomes ineffective. To add insult to injury, it continues consuming a LOT of CPU as it tries to catch up. I have verified that DROP chained packets from hosts already banned by fail2ban are not logged, and thus do not add to its load. What are my options here? I have a few ideas, but no clear path forward. Could I make the log-parse regex "easier" so it takes fewer cycles? Would using iptables --log-prefix to put a token near the start of the log message, and/or otherwise simplifying/altering the fail2ban regex help? Here is the current fail2ban config line containing a regex: failregex = kernel:.*?SRC=(?:::f{4,6}:)?(?P<host>[\w\-.^_]+) DST.*?SYN Is there a faster way for fail2ban to watch for the packets exceeding the limits than parsing kern.log? Could fail2ban be run under PyPy instead of CPython with minimal nonstandard wizardry (the OS is Raspbian 7, so, mostly Debian 7)? Is there something better than fail2ban that I could use to watch for the packets which exceed the SYN limits, and after N exceeds in X seconds, temporarily put the offending IP into the iptables DROP bucket, and take it out when the ban timer expires? Again, I'd vastly prefer a solution that uses as much software available in Debian as possible, though I can build Debian packages in a pinch.

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• Overriding routes on Openvpn client, iproute, iptables2

  - by sarvavijJana

  I am looking for some way to route packets based on its destination ports switching regular internet connection and established openvpn tunnel. This is my configuration OpenVPN server ( I have no control over it ) OpenVPN client running ubuntu wlan0 192.168.1.111 - internet connected if Several routes applied on connection to openvpn from server: /sbin/route add -net 207.126.92.3 netmask 255.255.255.255 gw 192.168.1.1 /sbin/route add -net 0.0.0.0 netmask 128.0.0.0 gw 5.5.0.1 /sbin/route add -net 128.0.0.0 netmask 128.0.0.0 gw 5.5.0.1 And I need to route packets regarding it's destination ports for ex: 80,443 into vpn everything else directly to isp connection 192.168.1.1 What i have used during my attempts: iptables -A OUTPUT -t mangle -p tcp -m multiport ! --dports 80,443 -j MARK --set-xmark 0x1/0xffffffff ip rule add fwmark 0x1 table 100 ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 table 100 I was trying to apply this settings using up/down options of openvpn client configuration All my attempts reduced to successful packet delivery and response only via vpn tunnel. Packets routed bypassing vpn i have used some SNAT to gain proper src address iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -o $IF -p tcp -m multiport --dports 80,443 -j SNAT --to $IF_IP failed in SYN-ACK like 0 0,1 0,1: "70","192.168.1.111","X.X.X.X","TCP","34314 > 81 [SYN] Seq=0 Win=5840 Len=0 MSS=1460 TSV=18664016 TSER=0 WS=7" "71","X.X.X.X","192.168.1.111","TCP","81 > 34314 [SYN, ACK] Seq=0 Ack=1 Win=5792 Len=0 MSS=1428 TSV=531584430 TSER=18654692 WS=5" "72","X.X.X.X","192.168.1.111","TCP","81 > 34314 [SYN, ACK] Seq=0 Ack=1 Win=5792 Len=0 MSS=1428 TSV=531584779 TSER=18654692 WS=5" "73","192.168.1.111","X.X.X.X","TCP","34343 > 81 [SYN] Seq=0 Win=5840 Len=0 MSS=1460 TSV=18673732 TSER=0 WS=7" I hope someone has already overcome such a situation or probably knows better approach to fulfill requirements. Please kindly give me a good advice or working solution.

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• Why can't I route to some sites from my MacBook Pro that I can see from my iPad?

  - by Robert Atkins

  I am on M1 Cable (residential) broadband in Singapore. I have an intermittent problem routing to some sites from my MacBook Pro—often Google-related sites (arduino.googlecode.com and ajax.googleapis.com right now, but sometimes even gmail.com.) This prevents StackExchange chat from working, for instance. Funny thing is, my iPad can route to those sites and they're on the same wireless network! I can ping the sites, but not traceroute to them which I find odd. That I can get through via the iPad implies the problem is with the MBP. In any case, calling M1 support is... not helpful. I get the same behaviour when I bypass the Airport Express entirely and plug the MBP directly into the cable modem. Can anybody explain a) how this is even possible and b) how to fix it? mella:~ ratkins$ ping ajax.googleapis.com PING googleapis.l.google.com (209.85.132.95): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 209.85.132.95: icmp_seq=0 ttl=50 time=11.488 ms 64 bytes from 209.85.132.95: icmp_seq=1 ttl=53 time=13.012 ms 64 bytes from 209.85.132.95: icmp_seq=2 ttl=53 time=13.048 ms ^C --- googleapis.l.google.com ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0.0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 11.488/12.516/13.048/0.727 ms mella:~ ratkins$ traceroute ajax.googleapis.com traceroute to googleapis.l.google.com (209.85.132.95), 64 hops max, 52 byte packets traceroute: sendto: No route to host 1 traceroute: wrote googleapis.l.google.com 52 chars, ret=-1 *traceroute: sendto: No route to host traceroute: wrote googleapis.l.google.com 52 chars, ret=-1 ^C mella:~ ratkins$ The traceroute from the iPad goes (and I'm copying this by hand): 10.0.1.1 119.56.34.1 172.20.8.222 172.31.253.11 202.65.245.1 202.65.245.142 209.85.243.156 72.14.233.145 209.85.132.82 From the MBP, I can't traceroute to any of the IPs from 172.20.8.222 onwards. [For extra flavour, not being able to access the above appears to stop me logging in to Server Fault via OpenID and formatting the above traceroutes correctly. Anyone with sufficient rep here to do so, I'd be much obliged.]

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• Redundant OpenVPN connections with advanced Linux routing over an unreliable network

  - by konrad

  I am currently living in a country that blocks many websites and has unreliable network connections to the outside world. I have two OpenVPN endpoints (say: vpn1 and vpn2) on Linux servers that I use to circumvent the firewall. I have full access to these servers. This works quite well, except for the high package loss on my VPN connections. This packet loss varies between 1% and 30% depending on time and seems to have a low correlation, most of the time it seems random. I am thinking about setting up a home router (also on Linux) that maintains OpenVPN connections to both endpoints and sends all packets twice, to both endpoints. vpn2 would send all packets from home to vpn1. Return trafic would be send both directly from vpn1 to home, and also through vpn2. +------------+ | home | +------------+ | | | OpenVPN | | links | | | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ unreliable connection | | +----------+ +----------+ | vpn1 |---| vpn2 | +----------+ +----------+ | +------------+ | HTTP proxy | +------------+ | (internet) For clarity: all packets between home and the HTTP proxy will be duplicated and sent over different paths, to increase the chances one of them will arrive. If both arrive, the first second one can be silently discarded. Bandwidth usage is not an issue, both on the home side and endpoint side. vpn1 and vpn2 are close to each other (3ms ping) and have a reliable connection. Any pointers on how this could be achieved using the advanced routing policies available in Linux?

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• OpenVPN Client timing out

  - by Austin

  I recently installed OpenVPN on my Ubuntu VPS. Whenenver I try to connect to it, I can establish a connection just fine. However, everything I try to connect to times out. If I try to ping something, it will resolve the IP, but will time out after resolving the IP. (So DNS Server seems to be working correctly) My server.conf has this relevant information (At least I think it's relevant. I'm not sure if you need more or not) # Which local IP address should OpenVPN # listen on? (optional) ;local a.b.c.d # Which TCP/UDP port should OpenVPN listen on? # If you want to run multiple OpenVPN instances # on the same machine, use a different port # number for each one. You will need to # open up this port on your firewall. port 1194 # TCP or UDP server? ;proto tcp proto udp # "dev tun" will create a routed IP tunnel, # "dev tap" will create an ethernet tunnel. # Use "dev tap0" if you are ethernet bridging # and have precreated a tap0 virtual interface # and bridged it with your ethernet interface. # If you want to control access policies # over the VPN, you must create firewall # rules for the the TUN/TAP interface. # On non-Windows systems, you can give # an explicit unit number, such as tun0. # On Windows, use "dev-node" for this. # On most systems, the VPN will not function # unless you partially or fully disable # the firewall for the TUN/TAP interface. ;dev tap dev tun # Windows needs the TAP-Win32 adapter name # from the Network Connections panel if you # have more than one. On XP SP2 or higher, # you may need to selectively disable the # Windows firewall for the TAP adapter. # Non-Windows systems usually don't need this. ;dev-node MyTap # SSL/TLS root certificate (ca), certificate # (cert), and private key (key). Each client # and the server must have their own cert and # key file. The server and all clients will # use the same ca file. # # See the "easy-rsa" directory for a series # of scripts for generating RSA certificates # and private keys. Remember to use # a unique Common Name for the server # and each of the client certificates. # # Any X509 key management system can be used. # OpenVPN can also use a PKCS #12 formatted key file # (see "pkcs12" directive in man page). ca ca.crt cert server.crt key server.key # This file should be kept secret # Diffie hellman parameters. # Generate your own with: # openssl dhparam -out dh1024.pem 1024 # Substitute 2048 for 1024 if you are using # 2048 bit keys. dh dh1024.pem # Configure server mode and supply a VPN subnet # for OpenVPN to draw client addresses from. # The server will take 10.8.0.1 for itself, # the rest will be made available to clients. # Each client will be able to reach the server # on 10.8.0.1. Comment this line out if you are # ethernet bridging. See the man page for more info. server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 # Maintain a record of client <-> virtual IP address # associations in this file. If OpenVPN goes down or # is restarted, reconnecting clients can be assigned # the same virtual IP address from the pool that was # previously assigned. ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt # Configure server mode for ethernet bridging. # You must first use your OS's bridging capability # to bridge the TAP interface with the ethernet # NIC interface. Then you must manually set the # IP/netmask on the bridge interface, here we # assume 10.8.0.4/255.255.255.0. Finally we # must set aside an IP range in this subnet # (start=10.8.0.50 end=10.8.0.100) to allocate # to connecting clients. Leave this line commented # out unless you are ethernet bridging. ;server-bridge 10.8.0.4 255.255.255.0 10.8.0.50 10.8.0.100 # Configure server mode for ethernet bridging # using a DHCP-proxy, where clients talk # to the OpenVPN server-side DHCP server # to receive their IP address allocation # and DNS server addresses. You must first use # your OS's bridging capability to bridge the TAP # interface with the ethernet NIC interface. # Note: this mode only works on clients (such as # Windows), where the client-side TAP adapter is # bound to a DHCP client. ;server-bridge # Push routes to the client to allow it # to reach other private subnets behind # the server. Remember that these # private subnets will also need # to know to route the OpenVPN client # address pool (10.8.0.0/255.255.255.0) # back to the OpenVPN server. ;push "route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0" ;push "route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0" # To assign specific IP addresses to specific # clients or if a connecting client has a private # subnet behind it that should also have VPN access, # use the subdirectory "ccd" for client-specific # configuration files (see man page for more info). # EXAMPLE: Suppose the client # having the certificate common name "Thelonious" # also has a small subnet behind his connecting # machine, such as 192.168.40.128/255.255.255.248. # First, uncomment out these lines: ;client-config-dir ccd ;route 192.168.40.128 255.255.255.248 # Then create a file ccd/Thelonious with this line: # iroute 192.168.40.128 255.255.255.248 # This will allow Thelonious' private subnet to # access the VPN. This example will only work # if you are routing, not bridging, i.e. you are # using "dev tun" and "server" directives. # EXAMPLE: Suppose you want to give # Thelonious a fixed VPN IP address of 10.9.0.1. # First uncomment out these lines: ;client-config-dir ccd ;route 10.9.0.0 255.255.255.252 # Then add this line to ccd/Thelonious: # ifconfig-push 10.9.0.1 10.9.0.2 # Suppose that you want to enable different # firewall access policies for different groups # of clients. There are two methods: # (1) Run multiple OpenVPN daemons, one for each # group, and firewall the TUN/TAP interface # for each group/daemon appropriately. # (2) (Advanced) Create a script to dynamically # modify the firewall in response to access # from different clients. See man # page for more info on learn-address script. ;learn-address ./script # If enabled, this directive will configure # all clients to redirect their default # network gateway through the VPN, causing # all IP traffic such as web browsing and # and DNS lookups to go through the VPN # (The OpenVPN server machine may need to NAT # or bridge the TUN/TAP interface to the internet # in order for this to work properly). push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8" # Certain Windows-specific network settings # can be pushed to clients, such as DNS # or WINS server addresses. CAVEAT: # http://openvpn.net/faq.html#dhcpcaveats # The addresses below refer to the public # DNS servers provided by opendns.com. ;push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.4.4" # Uncomment this directive to allow different # clients to be able to "see" each other. # By default, clients will only see the server. # To force clients to only see the server, you # will also need to appropriately firewall the # server's TUN/TAP interface. ;client-to-client # Uncomment this directive if multiple clients # might connect with the same certificate/key # files or common names. This is recommended # only for testing purposes. For production use, # each client should have its own certificate/key # pair. # # IF YOU HAVE NOT GENERATED INDIVIDUAL # CERTIFICATE/KEY PAIRS FOR EACH CLIENT, # EACH HAVING ITS OWN UNIQUE "COMMON NAME", # UNCOMMENT THIS LINE OUT. ;duplicate-cn # The keepalive directive causes ping-like # messages to be sent back and forth over # the link so that each side knows when # the other side has gone down. # Ping every 10 seconds, assume that remote # peer is down if no ping received during # a 120 second time period. keepalive 10 120 # For extra security beyond that provided # by SSL/TLS, create an "HMAC firewall" # to help block DoS attacks and UDP port flooding. # # Generate with: # openvpn --genkey --secret ta.key # # The server and each client must have # a copy of this key. # The second parameter should be '0' # on the server and '1' on the clients. ;tls-auth ta.key 0 # This file is secret # Select a cryptographic cipher. # This config item must be copied to # the client config file as well. ;cipher BF-CBC # Blowfish (default) ;cipher AES-128-CBC # AES ;cipher DES-EDE3-CBC # Triple-DES # Enable compression on the VPN link. # If you enable it here, you must also # enable it in the client config file. comp-lzo # The maximum number of concurrently connected # clients we want to allow. ;max-clients 100 # It's a good idea to reduce the OpenVPN # daemon's privileges after initialization. # # You can uncomment this out on # non-Windows systems. ;user nobody ;group nogroup # The persist options will try to avoid # accessing certain resources on restart # that may no longer be accessible because # of the privilege downgrade. persist-key persist-tun # Output a short status file showing # current connections, truncated # and rewritten every minute. status openvpn-status.log # By default, log messages will go to the syslog (or # on Windows, if running as a service, they will go to # the "\Program Files\OpenVPN\log" directory). # Use log or log-append to override this default. # "log" will truncate the log file on OpenVPN startup, # while "log-append" will append to it. Use one # or the other (but not both). ;log openvpn.log ;log-append openvpn.log # Set the appropriate level of log # file verbosity. # # 0 is silent, except for fatal errors # 4 is reasonable for general usage # 5 and 6 can help to debug connection problems # 9 is extremely verbose verb 3 # Silence repeating messages. At most 20 # sequential messages of the same message # category will be output to the log. ;mute 20 I've tried on multiple computers by the way. The same result on all of them. What could be wrong? Thanks in advance, and if you need other information I'll gladly post it. Information for new comments root@vps:~# iptables -L -n -v Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 862K packets, 51M bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 3 packets, 382 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 4641 298K ACCEPT all -- * * 10.8.0.0/24 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 REJECT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-port-unreachable Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 1671K packets, 2378M bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination And root@vps:~# iptables -t nat -L -n -v Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 17937 packets, 2013K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 8975 packets, 562K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1579 103K SNAT all -- * * 10.8.0.0/24 0.0.0.0/0 to:SERVERIP Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 8972 packets, 562K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

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• Centos 6.2 Fresh 'Basic Server' install networking issues

  - by RWC

  I've had a /29 provisioned on a network port for a server and am trying to at least configure the machine so I can ssh into it. It's Centos 6.2 x64 with the Basic Server install. Currently not able to ping gateway or any address for that matter. For reference: Default Interface: em2 Network ID: 66.*.*.0/29 Gateway: 66.*.*.1 Broadcast: 66.*.*.7 Please see my following configs: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-em2 DEVICE=em2 NM_CONTROLLED=yes ONBOOT=yes HWADDR=Not Important TYPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO=none IPADDR=66.*.*.2 PREFIX=29 DNS1=8.8.8.8 DNS2=8.8.4.4 DEFROUTE=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes IPV6INIT=no NAME="System em2" NETMASK=255.255.255.248 USERCTL=no $: route -n Destination // Gateway // Genmask // Flags // Metric // Ref // Use // Iface 66.*.*.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.248 U 0 0 0 em2 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 1003 0 em2 0.0.0.0 66.*.*.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 em2 $: route Destination // Gateway // Genmask // Flags // Metric // Ref // Use // Iface 66.*.*.0 * 255.255.255.248 U 0 0 0 em2 link-local * 255.255.0.0 U 0 1003 0 em2 default 66.*.*.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 em2 $: cat /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=excalibur.domain.com GATEWAY=66.*.*.1 Keep in mind that I cannot even currently ping the gateway which is quite confusing for me. My /etc/hosts are configured correctly with the *.2 address. I'm not concerned with getting all of the addresses on the /29 up and running yet, just one so I can at least ssh in. Thanks! Edit: Adding in ifconfig. $: ifconfig em2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX inet addr:66.*.*.2 Bcat:66.*.*.7 Mask:255.255.255.248 inet6 addr: UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:5536 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:2599469 (2.4 MiB) TX bytes: 748 (748.0 b) Interrupt:48 Memory:dc000000-dc012800 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:34 errors:0 etc etc

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• Cause of slow download speed on a particular EC2 instance?

  - by James

  I have a networking issue I'm trying to solve. I have two EC2 instances, same zone, same type. On one of the two EC2 instances (the 'bad' instance), the download speed is really poor (200k/s), while on the other (the 'good' instance), the download speed is fine, comfortable at 30M/s +). To clarify, I'm talking about downloading files to the EC2 instance while ssh'd into the server, e.g running wget with a large file. I've tried different files, including S3 objects and a large linux ISO from elsewhere. Running ethtool eth0 only returns 'Link detected: yes' for both. When running ifconfig, both return the same for most part, aside from how the good instance shows no error packets yet the bad instance shows many: UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:168372370 errors:5075643 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:122116480 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 Both servers are configured the same, at least were supposed to be. How can I go about diagnosing the cause for the slow download speed? Is there anything particular to EC2 instances that could cause this? Having trouble knowing where to start. Thanks for any help!

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