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  • Scope of the c++ using directive

    - by ThomasMcLeod
    From section 7.3.4.2 of the c++11 standard: A using-directive specifies that the names in the nominated namespace can be used in the scope in which the using-directive appears after the using-directive. During unqualified name lookup (3.4.1), the names appear as if they were declared in the nearest enclosing namespace which contains both the using-directive and the nominated namespace. [ Note: In this context, “contains” means “contains directly or indirectly”. —end note ] What do the second and third sentences mean exactly? Please give example. Here is the code I am attempting to understand: namespace A { int i = 7; } namespace B { using namespace A; int i = i + 11; } int main(int argc, char * argv[]) { std::cout << A::i << " " << B::i << std::endl; return 0; } It print "7 7" and not "7 18" as I would expect. Sorry for the typo, the program actually prints "7 11".

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  • Macro not declared in this scope

    - by NmdMystery
    I'm using a preprocessor #define macro to count the number of functions in a header file: #define __INDEX -1 //First group of functions void func1(void); #define __FUNC1_INDEX __INDEX + 1 void func2(void); #define __FUNC2_INDEX __FUNC1_INDEX + 1 #undef __INDEX #define __INDEX __FUNC2_INDEX //Second group of functions void func3(void); #define __FUNC3_INDEX __INDEX + 1 void func4(void); #define __FUNC4_INDEX __FUNC3_INDEX + 1 #undef __INDEX #define __INDEX __FUNC4_INDEX //Third group of functions void func5(void); #define __FUNC5_INDEX __INDEX + 1 void func6(void); #define __FUNC6_INDEX __FUNC5_INDEX + 1 #undef __INDEX #define __INDEX __FUNC6_INDEX #define __NUM_FUNCTIONS __INDEX + 1 The preprocessor gets through the first two sets of functions just fine, but when it reaches the line: #define __FUNC5_INDEX __INDEX + 1 I get a "not defined in this scope" error for __INDEX. What makes this really confusing is the fact that the same exact thing is done [successfully] in the second group of functions; __FUNC3_INDEX takes on the value of __INDEX + 1. There's no typos anywhere, as far as I can tell... what's the problem? I'm using g++ 4.8.

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  • 'area' not declared in this scope

    - by user1641173
    I've just started learning c++ and am trying to write a program for finding the area of a circle. I've written the program and whenever I try to compile it I get 2 error messages. The first is: areaofcircle.cpp:9:14: error: expected unqualified-id before numeric constant and the second is: areaofcircle.cpp:18:5: error: 'area' was not declared in this scope What should I do? I would post a picture, but I'm a new user, so I can't. #include <iostream> using namespace std; #define pi 3.1415926535897932384626433832795 int main() { // Create three float variable values: r, pi, area float r, pi, area; cout << "This program computes the area of a circle." << endl; // Prompt user to enter the radius of the circle, read input value into variable r cout << "Enter the radius of the circle " << endl; cin >> r; // Square r and then multiply by pi area = r * r * pi; cout << "The area is " << area << "." << endl; }

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  • boost pool_alloc

    - by mr grumpy
    Why is the boost::fast_pool_allocator built on top of a singleton pool, and not a separate pool per allocator instance? Or to put it another way, why only provide that, and not the option of having a pool per allocator? Would having that be a bad idea? I have a class that internally uses about 10 different boost::unordered_map types. If I'd used the std::allocator then all the memory would go back to the system when it called delete, whereas now I have to call release_memory on many different allocator types at some point. Would I be stupid to roll my own allocator that uses pool instead of singleton_pool? thanks

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  • Using OpenGL drawing operations in an object-oriented setting?

    - by Lion Kabob
    I've been plowing through basic shaders and whatnot for an application I'm writing, and I've been having trouble figuring out a high-level organization for the drawing calls. I'm thinking of having a singleton class which implements a number of basic drawing operations, taking data from "user" classes and passing that to the appropriate opengl calls. I'm wondering how people do this when writing their own applications, as the internet is chock full of basic "Your first shader" tutorials, but very little on suggested organization of drawing code. My particular environment is targeted at iPad/OpenGL ES 2.0, but I think the question stands for most environments.

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  • PDO Prepare statement not processing parameters

    - by Danten
    I've exhausted all efforts at what appears to be a trivial problem, but gotten nowhere. There is a simple Prepare statement: $qry = $core->db->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = '?'"); $qry->execute(array('[email protected]')); However, no rows are returned. Running the query with the parameters hardcoded into the query results in a successful selection of one row. I've tryed many different methods of doing the prepare, but even it this most simple form it isn't working. The PDO object is stored in a singleton called Core. PDO is using the mysql driver.

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  • Should member variables of global objects be made global as well?

    - by David Wong
    I'm developing plugins in Eclipse which mandates the use of singleton pattern for the Plugin class in order to access the runtime plugin. The class holds references to objects such as Configuration and Resources. In Eclipse 3.0 plug-in runtime objects are not globally managed and so are not generically accessible. Rather, each plug-in is free to declare API which exposes the plug-in runtime object (e.g., MyPlugin.getInstance() In order for the other components of my system to access these objects, I have to do the following: MyPlugin.getInstance().getConfig().getValue(MyPlugin.CONFIGKEY_SOMEPARAMETER); , which is overly verbose IMO. Since MyPlugin provides global access, wouldn't it be easier for me to just provide global access to the objects it manages as well? MyConfig.getValue(MyPlugin.CONFIGKEY_SOMEPARAMETER); Any thoughts? (I'm actually asking because I was reading about the whole "Global variable access and singletons are evil" debates)

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  • Objective-C Out of scope problem

    - by davbryn
    Hi, I'm having a few problems with some Objective-C and would appreciate some pointers. So I have a class MapFileGroup which has the following simple interface (There are other member variables but they aren't important): @interface MapFileGroup : NSObject { NSMutableArray *mapArray; } @property (nonatomic, retain) NSMutableArray *mapArray; mapArray is @synthesize'd in the .m file. It has an init method: -(MapFileGroup*) init { self = [super init]; if (self) { mapArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity: 10]; } return self; } It also has a method for adding a custom object to the array: -(BOOL) addMapFile:(MapFile*) mapfile { if (mapfile == nil) return NO; mapArray addObject:mapfile]; return YES; } The problem I get comes when I want to use this class - obviously due to a misunderstanding of memory management on my part. In my view controller I declare as follows: (in the @interface): MapFileGroup *fullGroupOfMaps; With @property @property (nonatomic, retain) MapFileGroup *fullGroupOfMaps; Then in the .m file I have a function called loadMapData that does the following: MapFileGroup *mapContainer = [[MapFileGroup alloc] init]; // create a predicate that we can use to filter an array // for all strings ending in .png (case insensitive) NSPredicate *caseInsensitivePNGFiles = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF endswith[c] '.png'"]; mapNames = [unfilteredArray filteredArrayUsingPredicate:caseInsensitivePNGFiles]; [mapNames retain]; NSEnumerator * enumerator = [mapNames objectEnumerator]; NSString * currentFileName; NSString *nameOfMap; MapFile *mapfile; while(currentFileName = [enumerator nextObject]) { nameOfMap = [currentFileName substringToIndex:[currentFileName length]-4]; //strip the extension mapfile = [[MapFile alloc] initWithName:nameOfMap]; [mapfile retain]; // add to array [fullGroupOfMaps addMapFile:mapfile]; } This seems to work ok (Though I can tell I've not got the memory management working properly, I'm still learning Objective-C); however, I have an (IBAction) that interacts with the fullGroupOfMaps later. It calls a method within fullGroupOfMaps, but if I step into the class from that line while debugging, all fullGroupOfMaps's objects are now out of scope and I get a crash. So apologies for the long question and big amount of code, but I guess my main question it: How should I handle a class with an NSMutableArray as an instance variable? What is the proper way of creating objects to be added to the class so that they don't get freed before I'm done with them? Many thanks

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  • GLOBALS ARE BAAAAAAADDDD!!!!!

    - by Matt
    HOWEVER! would setting the $link to my database be one thing that I prolly should use a GLOBAL scope for? In my setting of (lots of functions)...it seems as though having only one variable that is on the global scope would be wise. I am currently using the functions to transfer it back and forth so that way I do not have it on global...but it is a bit of a hinder to my script. Please Advise, Thank you. Matt

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  • iPhone SDK Tableview Datasource singleton error

    - by mrburns05
    I basically followed apple "TheElements" sample and changed "PeriodicElements" .h & .m to my own "SortedItems" .h & .m During compile I get this error: "Undefined symbols: "_OBJC_CLASS_$_SortedItems", referenced from: __objc_classrefs__DATA@0 in SortedByNameTableDataSource.o ld: symbol(s) not found collect2: ld returned 1 exit status " here is my SortedItems.m file #import "SortedItems.h" #import "item.h" #import "MyAppDelegate.h" @interface SortedItems(mymethods) // these are private methods that outside classes need not use - (void)presortItemsByPhysicalState; - (void)presortItemInitialLetterIndexes; - (void)presortItemNamesForInitialLetter:(NSString *)aKey; - (void)presortItemsWithPhysicalState:(NSString *)state; - (NSArray *)presortItemsByNumber; - (NSArray *)presortItemsBySymbol; - (void)setupItemsArray; @end @implementation SortedItems @synthesize statesDictionary; @synthesize itemsDictionary; @synthesize nameIndexesDictionary; @synthesize itemNameIndexArray; @synthesize itemsSortedByNumber; @synthesize itemsSortedBySymbol; @synthesize itemPhysicalStatesArray; static SortedItems *sharedSortedItemsInstance = nil; + (SortedItems*)sharedSortedItems { @synchronized(self) { if (sharedSortedItemsInstance == nil) { [[self alloc] init]; // assignment not done here } } return sharedSortedItemsInstance; // note: Xcode (3.2) static analyzer will report this singleton as a false positive // '(Potential leak of an object allocated') } + (id)allocWithZone:(NSZone *)zone { @synchronized(self) { if (sharedSortedItemsInstance == nil) { sharedSortedItemsInstance = [super allocWithZone:zone]; return sharedSortedItemsInstance; // assignment and return on first allocation } } return nil; //on subsequent allocation attempts return nil } - (id)copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone { return self; } - (id)retain { return self; } - (unsigned)retainCount { return UINT_MAX; //denotes an object that cannot be released } - (void)release { //do nothing } - (id)autorelease { return self; } // setup the data collection - init { if (self = [super init]) { [self setupItemsArray]; } return self; } - (void)setupItemsArray { NSDictionary *eachItem; // create dictionaries that contain the arrays of Item data indexed by // name self.itemsDictionary = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary]; // physical state self.statesDictionary = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary]; // unique first characters (for the Name index table) self.nameIndexesDictionary = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary]; // create empty array entries in the states Dictionary or each physical state [statesDictionary setObject:[NSMutableArray array] forKey:@"Solid"]; [statesDictionary setObject:[NSMutableArray array] forKey:@"Liquid"]; [statesDictionary setObject:[NSMutableArray array] forKey:@"Gas"]; [statesDictionary setObject:[NSMutableArray array] forKey:@"Artificial"]; MyAppDelegate *ad = (MyAppDelegate *)[[UIApplication sharedApplication]delegate]; NSMutableArray *rawItemsArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; [rawItemsArray addObjectsFromArray:ad.items]; // iterate over the values in the raw Items dictionary for (eachItem in rawItemsArray) { // create an atomic Item instance for each Item *anItem = [[Item alloc] initWithDictionary:eachItem]; // store that item in the Items dictionary with the name as the key [itemsDictionary setObject:anItem forKey:anItem.title]; // add that Item to the appropriate array in the physical state dictionary [[statesDictionary objectForKey:anItem.acct] addObject:anItem]; // get the Item's initial letter NSString *firstLetter = [anItem.title substringToIndex:1]; NSMutableArray *existingArray; // if an array already exists in the name index dictionary // simply add the Item to it, otherwise create an array // and add it to the name index dictionary with the letter as the key if (existingArray = [nameIndexesDictionary valueForKey:firstLetter]) { [existingArray addObject:anItem]; } else { NSMutableArray *tempArray = [NSMutableArray array]; [nameIndexesDictionary setObject:tempArray forKey:firstLetter]; [tempArray addObject:anItem]; } // release the Item, it is held by the various collections [anItem release]; } // release the raw Item data [rawItemsArray release]; // create the dictionary containing the possible Item states // and presort the states data self.itemPhysicalStatesArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"something",@"somethingElse",@"whatever",@"stuff",nil]; [self presortItemsByPhysicalState]; // presort the dictionaries now // this could be done the first time they are requested instead [self presortItemInitialLetterIndexes]; self.itemsSortedByNumber = [self presortItemsByNumber]; self.itemsSortedBySymbol = [self presortItemsBySymbol]; } // return the array of Items for the requested physical state - (NSArray *)itemsWithPhysicalState:(NSString*)aState { return [statesDictionary objectForKey:aState]; } // presort each of the arrays for the physical states - (void)presortItemsByPhysicalState { for (NSString *stateKey in itemPhysicalStatesArray) { [self presortItemsWithPhysicalState:stateKey]; } } - (void)presortItemsWithPhysicalState:(NSString *)state { NSSortDescriptor *nameDescriptor = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@"title" ascending:YES selector:@selector(localizedCaseInsensitiveCompare:)] ; NSArray *descriptors = [NSArray arrayWithObject:nameDescriptor]; [[statesDictionary objectForKey:state] sortUsingDescriptors:descriptors]; [nameDescriptor release]; } // return an array of Items for an initial letter (ie A, B, C, ...) - (NSArray *)itemsWithInitialLetter:(NSString*)aKey { return [nameIndexesDictionary objectForKey:aKey]; } // presort the name index arrays so the items are in the correct order - (void)presortItemsInitialLetterIndexes { self.itemNameIndexArray = [[nameIndexesDictionary allKeys] sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(localizedCaseInsensitiveCompare:)]; for (NSString *eachNameIndex in itemNameIndexArray) { [self presortItemNamesForInitialLetter:eachNameIndex]; } } - (void)presortItemNamesForInitialLetter:(NSString *)aKey { NSSortDescriptor *nameDescriptor = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@"title" ascending:YES selector:@selector(localizedCaseInsensitiveCompare:)] ; NSArray *descriptors = [NSArray arrayWithObject:nameDescriptor]; [[nameIndexesDictionary objectForKey:aKey] sortUsingDescriptors:descriptors]; [nameDescriptor release]; } // presort the ItemsSortedByNumber array - (NSArray *)presortItemsByNumber { NSSortDescriptor *nameDescriptor = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@"acct" ascending:YES selector:@selector(compare:)] ; NSArray *descriptors = [NSArray arrayWithObject:nameDescriptor]; NSArray *sortedItems = [[itemsDictionary allValues] sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:descriptors]; [nameDescriptor release]; return sortedItems; } // presort the itemsSortedBySymbol array - (NSArray *)presortItemsBySymbol { NSSortDescriptor *symbolDescriptor = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@"title" ascending:YES selector:@selector(localizedCaseInsensitiveCompare:)] ; NSArray *descriptors = [NSArray arrayWithObject:symbolDescriptor]; NSArray *sortedItems = [[itemsDictionary allValues] sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:descriptors]; [symbolDescriptor release]; return sortedItems; } @end I followed the sample exactly - don't know where I went wrong. Here is my "SortedByNameTableDataSource.m" #import "SortedByNameTableDataSource.h" #import "SortedItems.h" #import "Item.h" #import "ItemCell.h" #import "GradientView.h" #import "UIColor-Expanded.h" #import "MyAppDelegate.h" @implementation SortedByNameTableDataSource - (NSString *)title { return @"Title"; } - (UITableViewStyle)tableViewStyle { return UITableViewStylePlain; }; // return the atomic element at the index - (Item *)itemForIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { return [[[SortedItems sharedSortedItems] itemsWithInitialLetter:[[[SortedItems sharedSortedItems] itemNameIndexArray] objectAtIndex:indexPath.section]] objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; } // UITableViewDataSource methods - (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { static NSString *MyIdentifier = @"ItemCell"; ItemCell *itemCell = (ItemCell *)[tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:MyIdentifier]; if (itemCell == nil) { itemCell = [[[ItemCell alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero reuseIdentifier:MyIdentifier] autorelease]; itemCell = CGRectMake(0.0, 0.0, 320.0, ROW_HEIGHT); itemCell.backgroundView = [[[GradientView alloc] init] autorelease]; } itemCell.todo = [self itemForIndexPath:indexPath]; return itemCell; } - (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView { // this table has multiple sections. One for each unique character that an element begins with // [A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,K,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,V,X,Y,Z] // return the count of that array return [[[SortedItems sharedSortedItems] itemNameIndexArray] count]; } - (NSArray *)sectionIndexTitlesForTableView:(UITableView *)tableView { // returns the array of section titles. There is one entry for each unique character that an element begins with // [A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,K,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,V,X,Y,Z] return [[SortedItems sharedSortedItems] itemNameIndexArray]; } - (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView sectionForSectionIndexTitle:(NSString *)title atIndex:(NSInteger)index { return index; } - (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section { // the section represents the initial letter of the element // return that letter NSString *initialLetter = [[[SortedItems sharedSortedItems] itemNameIndexArray] objectAtIndex:section]; // get the array of elements that begin with that letter NSArray *itemsWithInitialLetter = [[SortedItems sharedSortedItems] itemsWithInitialLetter:initialLetter]; // return the count return [itemsWithInitialLetter count]; } - (NSString *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView titleForHeaderInSection:(NSInteger)section { // this table has multiple sections. One for each unique character that an element begins with // [A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,K,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,V,X,Y,Z] // return the letter that represents the requested section // this is actually a delegate method, but we forward the request to the datasource in the view controller return [[[SortedItems sharedSortedItems] itemNameIndexArray] objectAtIndex:section]; } @end

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  • Need advice on OOP philosophy

    - by David Jenings
    I'm trying to get the wheels turning on a large project in C#. My previous experience is in Delphi, where by default every form was created at applicaton startup and form references where held in (gasp) global variables. So I'm trying to adapt my thinking to a 100% object oriented environment, and my head is spinning just a little. My app will have a large collection of classes Most of these classes will only really need one instance. So I was thinking: static classes. I'm not really sure why, but much of what I've read here says that if my class is going to hold a state, which I take to mean any property values at all, I should use a singleton structure instead. Okay. But there are people out there who for reasons that escape me, think that singletons are evil too. None of these classes is in danger of being used anywhere except in this program. So they could certainly work fine as regular objects (vs singletons or static classes) Then there's the issue of interaction between objects. I'm tempted to create a Global class full of public static properties referencing the single instances of many of these classes. I've also considered just making them properties (static or instance, not sure which) of the MainForm. Then I'd have each of my classes be aware of the MainForm as Owner. Then the various objects could refer to each other as Owner.Object1, Owner.Object2, etc. I fear I'm running out of electronic ink, or at least taxing the patience of anyone kind enough to have stuck with me this long. I hope I have clearly explained my state of utter confusion. I'm just looking for some advice on best practices in my situation. All input is welcome and appreciated. Thanks in advance, David Jennings

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  • In Ruby, how to implement global behaviour?

    - by Gordon McAllister
    Hi all, I want to implement the concept of a Workspace. This is a global concept - all other code will interact with one instance of this Workspace. The Workspace will be responsible for maintaining the current system state (i.e. interacting with the system model, persisting the system state etc) So what's the best design strategy for my Workspace, bearing in mind this will have to be testable (using RSpec now, but happy to look at alternatives). Having read thru some open source projects out there and I've seen 3 strategies. None of which I can identify as "the best practice". They are: Include the singleton class. But how testable is this? Will the global state of Workspace change between tests? Implemented all behaviour as class methods. Again how do you test this? Implemented all behaviour as module methods. Not sure about this one at all! Which is best? Or is there another way? Thanks, Gordon

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  • Problems with :uniq => true/Distinct option in a has_many_through association w/ named scope (Rails)

    - by MikeH
    I had to make some tweaks to my app to add new functionality, and my changes seem to have broken the :uniq option that was previously working perfectly. Here's the set up: #User.rb has_many :products, :through = :seasons, :uniq = true has_many :varieties, :through = :seasons, :uniq = true #product.rb has_many :seasons has_many :users, :through = :seasons, :uniq = true has_many :varieties #season.rb belongs_to :product belongs_to :variety belongs_to :user named_scope :by_product_name, :joins = :product, :order = 'products.name' #variety.rb belongs_to :product has_many :seasons has_many :users, :through = :seasons, :uniq = true First I want to show you the previous version of the view that is now breaking, so that we have a baseline to compare. The view below is pulling up products and varieties that belong to the user. In both versions below, I've assigned the same products/varieties to the user so the logs will looking at the exact same use case. #user/show <% @user.products.each do |product| %> <%= link_to product.name, product %> <% @user.varieties.find_all_by_product_id(product.id).each do |variety| %> <%=h variety.name.capitalize %></p> <% end %> <% end %> This works. It displays only one of each product, and then displays each product's varieties. In the log below, product ID 1 has 3 associated varieties. And product ID 43 has none. Here's the log output for the code above: Product Load (11.3ms) SELECT DISTINCT `products`.* FROM `products` INNER JOIN `seasons` ON `products`.id = `seasons`.product_id WHERE ((`seasons`.user_id = 1)) ORDER BY name, products.name Product Columns (1.8ms) SHOW FIELDS FROM `products` Variety Columns (1.9ms) SHOW FIELDS FROM `varieties` Variety Load (0.7ms) SELECT DISTINCT `varieties`.* FROM `varieties` INNER JOIN `seasons` ON `varieties`.id = `seasons`.variety_id WHERE (`varieties`.`product_id` = 1) AND ((`seasons`.user_id = 1)) ORDER BY name Variety Load (0.5ms) SELECT DISTINCT `varieties`.* FROM `varieties` INNER JOIN `seasons` ON `varieties`.id = `seasons`.variety_id WHERE (`varieties`.`product_id` = 43) AND ((`seasons`.user_id = 1)) ORDER BY name Ok, so everything above is the previous version which was working great. In the new version, I added some columns to the join table called seasons, and made a bunch of custom methods that query those columns. As a result, I made the following changes to the view code that you saw above so that I could access those methods on the seasons model: <% @user.seasons.by_product_name.each do |season| %> <%= link_to season.product.name, season.product %> #Note: I couldn't get this loop to work at all, so I settled for the following: #<% @user.varieties.find_all_by_product_id(product.id).each do |variety| %> <%=h season.variety.name.capitalize %> <%end%> <%end%> Here's the log output for that: SQL (0.9ms) SELECT count(DISTINCT "products".id) AS count_products_id FROM "products" INNER JOIN "seasons" ON "products".id = "seasons".product_id WHERE (("seasons".user_id = 1)) Season Load (1.8ms) SELECT "seasons".* FROM "seasons" INNER JOIN "products" ON "products".id = "seasons".product_id WHERE ("seasons".user_id = 1) AND ("seasons".user_id = 1) ORDER BY products.name Product Load (0.7ms) SELECT * FROM "products" WHERE ("products"."id" = 43) ORDER BY products.name CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "seasons".* FROM "seasons" INNER JOIN "products" ON "products".id = "seasons".product_id WHERE ("seasons".user_id = 1) AND ("seasons".user_id = 1) ORDER BY products.name Product Load (0.4ms) SELECT * FROM "products" WHERE ("products"."id" = 1) ORDER BY products.name Variety Load (0.4ms) SELECT * FROM "varieties" WHERE ("varieties"."id" = 2) ORDER BY name CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT * FROM "products" WHERE ("products"."id" = 1) ORDER BY products.name Variety Load (0.4ms) SELECT * FROM "varieties" WHERE ("varieties"."id" = 8) ORDER BY name CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT * FROM "products" WHERE ("products"."id" = 1) ORDER BY products.name Variety Load (0.4ms) SELECT * FROM "varieties" WHERE ("varieties"."id" = 7) ORDER BY name CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT * FROM "products" WHERE ("products"."id" = 43) ORDER BY products.name CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT count(DISTINCT "products".id) AS count_products_id FROM "products" INNER JOIN "seasons" ON "products".id = "seasons".product_id WHERE (("seasons".user_id = 1)) CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "seasons".* FROM "seasons" INNER JOIN "products" ON "products".id = "seasons".product_id WHERE ("seasons".user_id = 1) AND ("seasons".user_id = 1) ORDER BY products.name CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT * FROM "products" WHERE ("products"."id" = 1) ORDER BY products.name CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT * FROM "products" WHERE ("products"."id" = 1) ORDER BY products.name CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT * FROM "varieties" WHERE ("varieties"."id" = 8) ORDER BY name I'm having two problems: (1) The :uniq option is not working for products. Three distinct versions of the same product are displaying on the page. (2) The :uniq option is not working for varieties. I don't have validation set up on this yet, and if the user enters the same variety twice, it does appear on the page. In the previous working version, this was not the case. The result I need is that only one product for any given ID displays, and all varieties associated with that ID display along with such unique product. One thing that sticks out to me is the sql call in the most recent log output. It's adding 'count' to the distinct call. I'm not sure why it's doing that or whether it might be an indication of an issue. I found this unresolved lighthouse ticket that seems like it could potentially be related, but I'm not sure if it's the same issue: https://rails.lighthouseapp.com/projects/8994/tickets/2189-count-breaks-sqlite-has_many-through-association-collection-with-named-scope I've tried a million variations on this and can't get it working. Any help is much appreciated!

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  • How to delay static initialization within a property

    - by Mystagogue
    I've made a class that is a cross between a singleton (fifth version) and a (dependency injectable) factory. Call this a "Mono-Factory?" It works, and looks like this: public static class Context { public static BaseLogger LogObject = null; public static BaseLogger Log { get { return LogFactory.instance; } } class LogFactory { static LogFactory() { } internal static readonly BaseLogger instance = LogObject ?? new BaseLogger(null, null, null); } } //USAGE EXAMPLE: //Optional initialization, done once when the application launches... Context.LogObject = new ConLogger(); //Example invocation used throughout the rest of code... Context.Log.Write("hello", LogSeverity.Information); The idea is for the mono-factory could be expanded to handle more than one item (e.g. more than a logger). But I would have liked to have made the mono-factory look like this: public static class Context { private static BaseLogger LogObject = null; public static BaseLogger Log { get { return LogFactory.instance; } set { LogObject = value; } } class LogFactory { static LogFactory() { } internal static readonly BaseLogger instance = LogObject ?? new BaseLogger(null, null, null); } } The above does not work, because the moment the Log property is touched (by a setter invocation) it causes the code path related to the getter to be executed...which means the internal LogFactory "instance" data is always set to the BaseLogger (setting the "LogObject" is always too late!). So is there a decoration or other trick I can use that would cause the "get" path of the Log property to be lazy while the set path is being invoked?

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  • Migration solution for singletons in an OSGI environment

    - by Ido
    I'm working in a JEE Environment in which each application is in a war file of its own. In the WEB-INF/lib of each application war file there is a common jar that is shared by all applications. This common jar contains several Singletons which are accessed from many points in the code. Because of the war-file boundaries each application has its own instances of the Singletons. Which is how we operate today, since we want to configure some of the singletons differently in each application. Now we are moving towards an OSGi environment, where this solution will no longer work since each bundle has its own class loader, so if I try to access MySingleton which resides in bundle "common.jar" from bundle "appA.jar" or from bundle "appB.jar" I will get the same instance. Remember I "want" a different instance of a singleton per bundle. (as ironic as it sounds) Now I realize the ideal solution would be to fix the code to not rely on those singletons, however due to a tight schedule I was wondering if you guys can suggest some sort of a migration solution that would allow me to use bundle-wide singletons so each of them could be configured per bundle.

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  • nhibernate sessionfactory instance more than once on web service

    - by Manuel
    Hello, i have a web service that use nhibernate. I have a singleton pattern on the repositorry library but on each call the service, it creates a new instance of the session factory wich is very expensive. What can i do? region Atributos /// <summary> /// Session /// </summary> private ISession miSession; /// <summary> /// Session Factory /// </summary> private ISessionFactory miSessionFactory; private Configuration miConfiguration = new Configuration(); private static readonly ILog log = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(NHibernatePersistencia).Name); private static IRepositorio Repositorio; #endregion #region Constructor private NHibernatePersistencia() { //miConfiguration.Configure("hibernate.cfg.xml"); try { miConfiguration.Configure(); this.miSessionFactory = miConfiguration.BuildSessionFactory(); this.miSession = this.SessionFactory.OpenSession(); log.Debug("Se carga NHibernate"); } catch (Exception ex) { log.Error("No se pudo cargar Nhibernate " + ex.Message); throw ex; } } public static IRepositorio Instancia { get { if (Repositorio == null) { Repositorio = new NHibernatePersistencia(); } return Repositorio; } } #endregion #region Propiedades /// <summary> /// Sesion de NHibernate /// </summary> public ISession Session { get { return miSession.SessionFactory.GetCurrentSession(); } } /// <summary> /// Sesion de NHibernate /// </summary> public ISessionFactory SessionFactory { get { return this.miSessionFactory; } } #endregion In wich way can i create a single instance for all services?

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  • What is session management in Java ?

    - by Sarang
    I have faced this question in my Interview as well. I do have many confusion with Session Scope & it management in java. In web.xml we do have the entry : <session-config> <session-timeout> 30 </session-timeout> </session-config> What does it indicate actually ? Is is scope of whole project ? Another point confusing me is how can we separate the session scope of multiple request in the same project? Means if I am logging in from a PC & at the same time I am logging in from another PC, does it differentiate it ? Also, another confusing thing is the browser difference. Why does the different Gmails possible to open in different browsers ? And Gmail can prevent a session from Login to Logout. How is it maintained with our personal web ?

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  • how to create a system-wide independent universal counter object primarily for Database keys?

    - by andora
    I would like to create/use a system-wide independent universal 'counter object' that can be called via COM in a thread-safe manner. The counter object will be passed an ID to identify which counter to return, handle the counting, 'persist' the count (occasionally), have reasonable performance (as fast as possible) perhaps capable of 1000 counts per second or better (1mS) and be accessible cross-process/out-of-process. The current count status must be persisted between object restarts/shutdowns. The counter object is liklely to be a 'singleton' type object implemented in some form of free-threaded dictionary, containing maybe 10 counters (perhaps 50 max). The count needs to be monotonic and consistent, (ie: guaranteed unique sequential values). Each counter should have a few methods, like reset, inc, dec, set, clear, remove. As a luxury, I would like to have a variable-increment (ie: 'step by' value). To support thread-safefty, perhaps some sorm of critical-section or mutex call. It just needs to return a long/4byte signed integer. I really want something that can be called from anywhere, including VBScript, so I figure COM is my preferred solution. The primary use of this is for database keys. I am unable to use autoinc or guid type keys and have ruled out database-generated counting systems at this point. I've spent days researching this and I have really struggled to find a solution. The best I can find is a free-threaded dictionary object that can be instantiated using COM+ from Motobit - it seems to offer all the 'basics' and I guess I could create some form of wrapper for this. So, here are my questions: Does such a 'general purpose counter-object already exist? Can you direct me to it? (MS did do an IIS/ASP object called 'MSWC.Counter' but this isn't 'cross-process'/ out-of-process component and isn't thread-safe. (but if it was, it would do!) What is the best way of creating such a Component? (I'd prefer VB6 right-now, [don't ask!] but can do in VB.NET2005 if I had to). I don't have the skills/knowledge/tools to use anything else. I am desparate for a workable solution. I need specific guidance! If anybody can code something up for me I am prepared to pay for it.

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  • Mixing AJAX requests with Flash scope objects not working

    - by AlanObject
    I have a JSF page that displays a table from an object called TableQuery that supports stateful pagination, sorting, etc. The bean that accesses the object is a RequestScoped object, and it attempts to preserve the TableQuery by storing it the flash map. The accessor method looks like this: public TableQuery<SysLog> getQuery() { if (query != null) return query; Flash flash = FacesContext.getCurrentInstance(). getExternalContext().getFlash(); query = (TableQuery) flash.get("Query"); if (query != null) System.out.println("TableSysLog.getQuery() Got query from flash!"); if (query == null) { query = slc.getNewTableQuery(); System.out.println("TableSysLog.getQuery() Created new query"); } flash.put("Query", query); return query; } The Links to go between pages are implemented with *p:commandLInk*s. I use Primefaces command link in AJAX mode so just the link gets processed when it is clicked. The action listener looks like this: public void doNextPage(ActionEvent evt) { getQuery().doNextPage(); } When it doesn't work I get the error message: WARNING: JSF1095: The response was already committed by the time we tried to set the outgoing cookie for the flash. Any values stored to the flash will not be available on the next request. I found this thread when looking up this problem. When I turned of HTTP chunking as the article suggests, the error message went away but the problem remained. Does anyone know what is going on and how this might be fixed?

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  • Scope of StaticResource within a WPF ResourceDictionary

    - by Nicolas Webb
    I have a WPF ResourceDictionary with the following TextBlock: <TextBlock Visibility="{Binding Converter={StaticResource MyBoolProp ResourceKey=BoolToVis}}"> </TextBlock> The ResourceDictionary is included in App.xaml under MergedDictionaries: <Application.Resources> <ResourceDictionary> <ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries> <ResourceDictionary Source="MyResourceDictionary.xaml"/> Within the App.xaml I have defined the BoolToVis converter (again, under Application.Resources) <BooleanToVisibilityConverter x:Key="BoolToVis" /> When I start my app up - I get the following XamlParseException: "Provide value on 'System.Windows.Markup.StaticResourceHolder' threw an exception." The InnerException is: "Cannot find resource named 'BoolToVis'. Resource names are case sensitive." I'm able to refer to this converter directly with App.xaml (in fact, it's another TextBlock) and within other UserControls with no problems. This particular bit of code also worked fine under the .NET 4.0 RC (and Beta2). This error only started happening when I upgraded to the .NET 4.0 RTM. I'm able to work around it by declaring another BooleanToVisibilityConverter within MyResourceDictionary.xaml and referring to it like so: <TextBlock Visibility="{Binding Converter={StaticResource MyBoolProp ResourceKey=BoolToVis2}}"> </TextBlock> Any reason why I should need to do this?

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  • the scope of a pointer ???

    - by numerical25
    Ok, so I did find some questions that were almost similar but they actually confused me even more about pointers. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2715198/c-pointer-objects-vs-non-pointer-objects-closed In the link above, they say that if you declare a pointer it is actually saved on the heap and not on the stack, regardless of where it was declared at. Is this true ?? Or am I misunderstanding ??? I thought that regardless of a pointer or non pointer, if its a global variable, it lives as long as the application. If its a local variable or declared within a loop or function, its life is only as long as the code within it.

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  • BlackBerry - KeyListener with global scope

    - by Abs
    Hello all, I am new to BlackBerry App development. I want to be able to listen for keypress events whenever the BlackBerry (8900 in my case) is on and on all screens is this possible? If so, it would be great for someone to direct me in the right direction. I am already having a look at Interface KeyListener. import net.rim.device.api.system.*; Thanks all

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  • Initiate User Scope Class at Session Start

    - by James Santiago
    I want to initiate a class for each user at the start of the user's session so that a single class can be used throughout the user's session. I checked out this post but I'm not sure where I should be placing this Sessionhandler class. Inside global.asax? How do I go about accomplishing this?

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  • Scope of Connection Object for a Website using Connection Pooling (Local or Instance)

    - by Danny
    For a web application with connection polling enabled, is it better to work with a locally scoped connection object or instance scoped connection object. I know there is probably not a big performance improvement between the two (because of the pooling) but would you say that one follows a better pattern than the other. Thanks ;) public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet { DataSource ds; public void init() throws ServletException { ds = (DataSource) getServletContext().getAttribute("DBCPool"); } protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws ServletException, IOException { SomeWork("SELECT * FROM A"); SomeWork("SELECT * FROM B"); } void SomeWork(String sql) { Connection conn = null; try { conn = ds.getConnection(); // execute some sql ..... } finally { if(conn != null) { conn.close(); // return to pool } } } } Or public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet { DataSource ds; Connection conn;* public void init() throws ServletException { ds = (DataSource) getServletContext().getAttribute("DBCPool"); } protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws ServletException, IOException { try { conn = ds.getConnection(); SomeWork("SELECT * FROM A"); SomeWork("SELECT * FROM B"); } finally { if(conn != null) { conn.close(); // return to pool } } } void SomeWork(String sql) { // execute some sql ..... } }

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  • What is the scope of xsl apply-imports?

    - by calavera.info
    My original idea about apply-imports was that if there are two templates which matches the same node, then using apply-imports in a template with higher priority runs the template with the lower priority. But I recently find out that it's important how are imports organized. Two cases interests me particularly. Will apply imports work on a template which is imported in imported file (nested import)? How about a "sibling import" (master file imports two files with templates matching the same nodes) It seems to me that this is not clearly described in specification. Could someone provide authoritative guidelines? EDIT: I can try those cases on my own, but there is always a danger that it will be implementation specific behavior.

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