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• Database Optimization techniques for amateurs.

  - by Zombies

  Can we get a list of basic optimization techniques going (anything from modeling to querying, creating indexes, views to query optimization). It would be nice to have a list of these, one technique per answer. As a hobbyist I would find this to be very useful, thanks. And for the sake of not being too vague, let's say we are using a maintstream DB such as MySQL or Oracle, and that the DB will contain 500,000-1m or so records across ~10 tables, some with foreign key contraints, all using the most typical storage engines (eg: InnoDB for MySQL). And of course, the basics such as PKs are defined as well as FK contraints.

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• Which is better, save a website images on Amazon S3, Flickr or Picasa?

  - by Amr ElGarhy

  I have a website and going to extend it, so users will upload their images on this website, i want to save users images in another storage service. Users will save images and view them, and also share with others. I know that i can do that using Amazon S3, Flickr or Picasa. But i want to know which is better than which? which one should i use and why? Based on your experiences, can you recommend one, or advice me if you a better service than those 3?

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• is there a limit of merge tables with Mysql ?

  - by sysko

  I'm working on a database with mysql 5.0 for an open source project it's used to stored sentences in specific languages and their translations in other languages I used to have a big table "sentences" and "sentences_translations" (use to join sentences to sentences) table but has we have now near one million entries, this begin to be a bit slow, moreover, most of request are made using a "where lang =" so I've decided to create a table by language sentences_LANGUAGECODE and sentences_translation_LANGSOURCE_LANGTARGET and to create merge table like this sentences_ENG_OTHERS which merge sentences_ENG_ARA sentences_ENG_DEU etc... when we want to have the translations in all languages of an english sentence sentences_OTHERS_ENG when we want to have only the english translations of some sentences I've created a script to create all these tables (they're around 31 languages so more than 60 merge table), I've tested, that works really great a request which use to take 160ms now take only 30 :) but I discover that all my merge table after the 15th use to have "NULL" as type of storage engine instead of MRG_MYISAM, and if delete one, then I can create an others, using FLUSH table between each creation also allow me to create more merge tables so is this a limitation from mysql ? can we override it ? thanks for your answers

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• Paperclip generating wrong URLs in Heroku

  - by Tony

  Paperclip is generating wrong URLs in Heroku. I have an Audio model which has a mp3 field as follows: class Audio < ActiveRecord::Base has_attached_file :mp3, :storage => :s3, :s3_credentials => S3_CREDENTIALS, :bucket => S3_CREDENTIALS[:bucket], :path => ":rails_root/public/system/:attachment/:id/:style/:filename", :url => "/system/:attachment/:id/:style/:filename" I am calling audio.mp3.url from a controller, and it returns http://s3.amazonaws.com/MyApp/audios/mp3s//original/96a9ae89302fdf8462ee05eb829f2e17578b144e20120908-2-11f61zr.mp3?1347135050 instead of http://s3.amazonaws.com/MyApp/audios/mp3s/000/000/004/original/96a9ae89302fdf8462ee05eb829f2e17578b144e20120908-2-11f61zr.mp3?1347135050 (which works) Why is it missing the '000/000/004' part of the route? The same model is generating the right URL when used in a view. Any help? I am using paperclip 3.2.0 and Rails 3.1.8. Any help?

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• C++ syntax of constructors " 'Object1 a (1, Object1(2))''

  - by osgx

  Hello I have a such syntax in program class Object1 : BaseClass { BaseClass *link; int i; public: Object1(int a){i=a;} Object1(int a, Object1 /*place1*/ o) {i=a; link= &o;} }; int main(){ Object1 a(1, /*place2*/ Object1(2)); ... } What do I need in place1? I want to save a link (pointer) to the second object in the first object. Should I use in place1 reference "&"? What type will have "Object1(2)" in place2? Is it a constructor of the anonymous object? Will it have a "auto" storage type?

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• Enter custom file name to be read ?

  - by ZaZu

  Hello, I want to allow users to type the name of any .txt file to be read/written. This is my code : printf("Enter .txt file name\n"); scanf("%s",&fname); FILE *inputf; inputf=fopen(&fname,"w"); Problem is this method does not work (having &fname) as a parameter. I can imagine its because C needs "filename.txt" for it work ... even if I enter for example : "custom.txt", the program returns an error of "Storage block not big enough for this operation" What is the correct method to accomplish this ? Im using C and im pretty much using basic commands .. (not too advanced) Thanks alot !!!

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• Can JQuery/JavaScript be used to write a substantial client side application?

  - by Ian

  I have an unusual situation - I have an embedded video streaming device with a complicated UI, and I need to use an embedded web server to reproduce that UI through a web browser. I'm thinking of using JavaScript/JQuery on a C++ backend (I am NOT coding all this myself, I need to hire people for the grunt work). The embedded web server is much less powerful than a PC, so I want to write an application that runs the entire UI in the browser, and only communicates with the server to pass new program settings back and forth, get status updates from the device, and control video playback. In other words, the client gets one big page or a small number of big pages (effectively downloading the application), the application maintains significant local memory storage, and once the pages are first loaded the server never sends anything layout-related. The application has two rows of tabs to navigate ~40 menu pages, drag-and-select controls to pick cells in a grid, sorted lists, lots of standard data entry options, and it should be able to control up to 16 embedded video players at once (preferably VLC). Is this possible in JavaScript/JQuery with a C++ backend?

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• Background audio not working in windows 8 store / metro app

  - by roryok

  I've tried setting background audio through both a mediaElement in XAML <MediaElement x:Name="MyAudio" Source="Assets/Sound.mp3" AudioCategory="BackgroundCapableMedia" AutoPlay="False" /> And programmatically async void setUpAudio() { var package = Windows.ApplicationModel.Package.Current; var installedLocation = package.InstalledLocation; var storageFile = await installedLocation.GetFileAsync("Assets\\Sound.mp3"); if (storageFile != null) { var stream = await storageFile.OpenAsync(Windows.Storage.FileAccessMode.Read); _soundEffect = new MediaElement(); _soundEffect.AudioCategory = AudioCategory.BackgroundCapableMedia; _soundEffect.AutoPlay = false; _soundEffect.SetSource(stream, storageFile.ContentType); } } // and later... _soundEffect.Play(); But neither works for me. As soon as I minimise the app the music fades out

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• Parsing C# Script into Java

  - by pantaryl

  I'm looking for a way to easily read in a C# file and place it into a Java Object for database storage (storing the class name, functions, variables, etc). I'm making a Hierarchical State Machine AI Building Tool for a game I'm creating and need to be able to import an existing C# file and store it in a database for retrieval in the future. Does anyone know of any preexisting libraries for parsing C# files? Something similar to JavaParser? Thanks everyone! EDIT: This needs to be part of my Java Project. I'll be loading in the C# files through my Java Application and saving it into my db4o database.

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• Why do I have to set the max length of every damn text column in the database?

  - by John Leidegren

  Why is it that every RDBMS insists that you tell it what the max length of a text field is going to be... why can't it just infer this information form the data that's put into the database? I've mostly worked with MS SQL Server, but every other database I know also demands that you set these arbitrary limits on your data schema. The reality is that this is not particulay helpful or friendly to work with becuase the business requirements change all the time and almost every day some end-user is trying to put a lot of text into that column. Does any one with some inner working knowledge of a RDBMS know why we just don't infer the limits from the data that's put into the storage? I'm not talking about guessing the type information, but guessing the limits of a particular text column. I mean, there's a reason why I don't use nvarchar(max) on every text column in the database.

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• password limitations in SQL Server and MySql

  - by asteroid

  Does MySql 5.1 and SQL Server 2008 (Web edition, Standard) have any functional password limitations other than length limits? Are metacharacters in any form a bad idea to use, like bang, pipe, hash, any slash, carrot, and so on? I know that MySql 5.1 has a password length limitation of 16 characters that is hardcoded, but I was wondering, are any metacharacters (i.e. non alphanumerics) a bad idea to use? And is this true in SQL Server 2008 Web edition, Standard? So specifically: can symbols like: /`~:}{[]^ be used successfully? I would hope it doesn't matter to the database, but I don't understand enough about password storage in enterprise database systems yet to know for sure, and I was looking for confirmation or an explanation.

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• Mobile web apps - Is this the right approach?

  - by Pasta

  I need to build a cross platform mobile app (iphone, android, etc). The app is for a company like a cellular operator (Tmobile, ATT). The app needs to do the following: Show previous bills (cached so that it does not have to download everytime) Need an internet connection to download newer bills, view recent data, etc. Can I build a mobile web app to handle this? I understand that there is offline storage and iPhone has good support for web apps (full screen, good icons, offline, etc). Will a web app be the best approach to take as the app requires to be online? The app will not be used by lots of people, just customers of the website who don't want to use an existing website. We are all web developers and a mobile web app looks like the best way to approach this.

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• How can I use Amazon's API in PHP to search for books?

  - by TerranRich

  I'm working on a Facebook app for book sharing, reviewing, and recommendations. I've scoured the web, searched Google using every search phrase I could think of, but I could not find any tutorials on how to access the Amazon.com API for book information. I signed up for an AWS account, but even the tutorials on their website didn't help me one bit. They're all geared toward using cloud computing for file storage and processing, but that's not what I want. I just want to access their API to search info on books. Kind of like how http://openlibrary.org/ does it, where it's a simple URL call to get information on a book (but their databases aren't nearly as populated as Amazon's). Why is it so hard to find the information I need on Amazon's AWS site? If anybody could help, I would greatly appreciate it.

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• The data structure of libev watchers

  - by changchang

  Libev uses three data structures to storage different watchers. Heap: for watchers that sorted by time, such as ev_timer and ev_periodic. Linked list: such as ev_io, ev_signal, ev_child and etc. Array: such as ev_prepare, ev_check, ev_async and etc. There is no doubt about that uses heap to store timer watcher. But what is the criteria of selecting linked list and array? The data structure that stores ev_io watchers seems a little complex. It first is an array that with fd as its index and the element in the array is a linked list of ev_io watcher. It is more convenient to allocate space for array if use linked list as element. Is it the reason? Or just because of the insert or remove operation of ev_io is more frequently and the ev_prepare seems more stable? Or any other reasons?

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• Uploading Files to AWS S3 from an Android App

  - by Abhishek Kaushik

  Edited 7th June,14 My Android app needs to have a feature where clients can upload their files. I want AWS S3 as my storage. Moreover i dont want to use SECRET_KEY and ACCESS_KEY_ID on client side. What is the the best way to do this. Can someone provide the working code too ? I read that i can request to AWS for a signed URL and then make client directly upload to that URL. How to achieve this ?

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• How often does memcache on Google AppEngine lose data?

  - by Freed

  Memcache in general and on AppEngine in specific is unreliable in the sense that my data may be deleted from the cache for whatever reason at any point in time. However, in some cases there might be cases where a small risk may be worth the added performance using memcache could give, such as updating some data in memcache that gets saved periodically to some other, more reliable storage. Are there any numbers from Google that could give me an indication of the actual probability that a memcache entry would be lost from the cache before its expiration time, given that I keep within my quotas? Are there any reasons other than hardware failure and administrative operations such as machines at the data centers being upgraded/moved/replaced that would cause entries to be removed from memcache prematurely?

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• C++: String and unions

  - by sub

  I'm having a (design) problem: I'm building an interpreter and I need some storage for variables. There are basically two types of content a variable here can have: string or int. I'm using a simple class for the variables, all variables are then stored in a vector. However, as a variable can hold a number or a string, I don't want C++ to allocate both and consume memory for no reason. That's why I wanted to use unions: union { string StringValue; int IntValue; } However, strings don't work with unions. Is there any workaround so no memory gets eaten for no reason?

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• What Android version to target?

  - by Richard Eng

  I'm about to write my first Android app. It's a fairly basic app that doesn't use any special features beyond being able to schedule notifications and read/write image files to the device's local storage. Reaching the broadest audience is my top priority. If I target Android 1.5, is the app guaranteed to run fine all the way up to ICS? Should I target Android 2.1, which seems to be the new baseline for common phones in use? Since the app is fairly basic, if I target ICS, would it run on versions going all the way back to 2.1? Maybe this is a stupid question.

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• What is the answer to this homework about maps and collections? [closed]

  - by Bishan

  Maps collection is referred to an dictionary because of the way it works. Each entry into a maps collection involves a pair of objects. In a maps collection, an object associates the key which determines where the object is stored in the map. The key object in the maps collection can be duplicated. A stack which has Last In First Out storage mechanism can be considered as a maps collection. I think #1,#2,#3 and #5 are Correct in above, but I have doubt with #5. Am I correct?

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• C++ vector that *doesn't* initialize its members?

  - by Mehrdad

  I'm making a C++ wrapper for a piece of C code that returns a large array, and so I've tried to return the data in a vector<unsigned char>. Now the problem is, the data is on the order of megabytes, and vector unnecessarily initializes its storage, which essentially turns out to cut down my speed by half. How do I prevent this? Or, if it's not possible -- is there some other STL container that would avoid such needless work? Or must I end up making my own container? (Pre-C++11) Note: I'm passing the vector as my output buffer. I'm not copying the data from elsewhere.

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• Numeric literals in sql server 2008

  - by costa

  What is the type that sql server assigns to the numeric literal: 2. , i.e. 2 followed by a dot? I was curious because: select convert(varchar(50), 2.) union all select convert(varchar(50), 2.0) returns: 2 2.0 which made me ask what's the difference between 2. and 2.0 type wise? Sql server seems to assign types to numeric literals depending on the number itself by finding the minimal storage type that can hold the number. A value of 1222333 is stored as int while 1152921504606846975 is stored as big int. thanks

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• Why does do this code do if(sz !=sz2) sz = sz2 !?!

  - by acidzombie24

  For the first time i created a linq to sql classes. I decided to look at the class and found this. What... why is it doing if(sz !=sz2) { sz = sz2; }. I dont understand. Why isnt the set generated as this._Property1 = value? private string _Property1; [Column(Storage="_Property1", CanBeNull=false)] public string Property1 { get { return this._Property1; } set { if ((this._Property1 != value)) { this._Property1 = value; } } }

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• A step-up from TiddlyWiki that is still 100% portable?

  - by Smandoli

  TiddlyWiki is a great idea, brilliantly implemented. I'm using it as a portable personal "knowledge manager," and these are the prize virtues: It travels on my USB flash memory stick and runs on any computer, regardless of operating system No software installation is needed on the computer (TiddlyWiki merely uses the Internet browser) No Internet connection is needed In terms of data retrieval functionality, it mimics a relational database (use of tags and internal links) Let's say I've got a million words of prose in 4,000 tiddlers (posts). I'm still testing, but it looks like TiddlyWiki gets very slow. Is there an app like TiddlyWiki that keeps all the virtues I listed above, and allows more storage? NOTE: Separation of content and presentation would be ideal. It's nifty that TiddlyWiki has everything in a single HTML document, but it's unhelpful in many ways. I don't care if a directory of assorted docs is needed (SQLite, XML?), as long as it's functionally self-contained.

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• 2-Bay External HDD Enclosure in JBOD mode fails to detect both drives (Linux & Windows)

  - by mgc8888

  I recently purchased a couple of USB 3.0 External HDD Enclosures to use for storage and backup; the idea was to have one act as backup to the other, with 4 x 3TB drives in total. However, the second drive in each is not accessible in either Linux nor Windows, and I could not determine the reason. 1. Situation The two enclosures are slightly different (couldn't find them in stock at the same time) yet from many little details appear to be the same Chinese base design with a tweaked outer shell. The models are: Sharkoon 2-Bay RAID Box Fantec MR-35DU3 The drives are Seagate 3TB Barracuda ST33000651AS, firmware CC44, all identical. From reading manuals and online sources, I determined that JBOD would be the optimal setup for my needs -- addressing the two drives separately in each enclosure would be important, making it easy to swap drives and mix&match them if needed; all the other modes implied the controller doing a combination of the drives. The software used was Debian GNU/Linux - testing/wheezy - kernel 2.6.39-2 and Windows 7 Ultimate. 2. Description of the problem Now, here comes the problem: every time I connect either of the enclosures to a PC using the supplied cable (tried a different one as well), only the HDD in the top bay is readable, the one below is detected yet errors out in various ways. According to the manuals, it should not happen: in JBOD, the system should be able to "see" two separate drives upon connection. This happens with both enclosures and any combination of HDDs (i.e. if I swap them, the same thing happens), so the HDDs are good and I think so are the enclosures (two different companies making similar products that failed in an identical fashion would be very unlikely). The top HDD can be used fine every time, I actually tried a speed test from Linux and got about 150MiB/s reads, so all is working as it should; the one below refuses to work every time. So the failure is consistent. To make sure this was not some obscure Linux bug, I tried the same under Windows 7, and the system also only created one drive letter for a drive of 3TB size (so it was only seeing one instead of both). Placing an older, known good, 2TB drive in the top bay made that the one recognised, so we have the same issue under Windows as well. Log entries under Linux (tested here with a 3TB and a 2TB drive so I could differentiate them; either one works in the top enclosure, in the test setup the 3TB one is on top). You can see them being detected, the top one is ok, but for the bottom one only errors: Jul 19 23:28:15 media kernel: [260150.582436] usb 6-1: New USB device found, idVendor=1ca1, idProduct=18ae Jul 19 23:28:15 media kernel: [260150.582440] usb 6-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 Jul 19 23:28:15 media kernel: [260150.582442] usb 6-1: Product: Usb Sata Bridge Jul 19 23:28:15 media kernel: [260150.582444] usb 6-1: Manufacturer: SYMWAVE Jul 19 23:28:15 media kernel: [260150.582446] usb 6-1: SerialNumber: 39584B304C4E3441 Jul 19 23:28:15 media kernel: [260150.870412] scsi11 : usb-storage 6-1:1.0 Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.882087] scsi 11:0:0:0: Direct-Access SYMWAVE ST33000651AS CC44 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4 Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.882242] scsi 11:0:0:1: Direct-Access SYMWAVE ST32000641AS CC12 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4 Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.882677] sd 11:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0 Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.882774] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Very big device. Trying to use READ CAPACITY(16). Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.882857] sd 11:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 0 Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.882893] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] 5860533168 512-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.883085] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: WARN: Stalled endpoint Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.883582] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.883961] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] 3907029168 512-byte logical blocks: (2.00 TB/1.81 TiB) Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.884145] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: WARN: Stalled endpoint Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.884570] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Write Protect is off Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.884855] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Very big device. Trying to use READ CAPACITY(16). Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.885286] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: WARN: Stalled endpoint Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.885807] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: WARN: Stalled endpoint Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.909595] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: WARN: Stalled endpoint Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.910159] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.910163] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Sense Key : Illegal Request [current] Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.910167] Info fld=0x0 Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.910169] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Add. Sense: Invalid field in cdb Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.910172] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] CDB: Read(10): 28 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.910182] quiet_error: 2 callbacks suppressed Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.910570] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: WARN: Stalled endpoint Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.911153] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.911156] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Sense Key : Illegal Request [current] Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.911159] Info fld=0x0 Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.911161] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Add. Sense: Invalid field in cdb Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.911164] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] CDB: Read(10): 28 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.911385] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: WARN: Stalled endpoint Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.911902] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.911905] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Sense Key : Illegal Request [current] Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.911908] Info fld=0x0 Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.911910] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Add. Sense: Invalid field in cdb Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.911913] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] CDB: Read(10): 28 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.912128] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: WARN: Stalled endpoint Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.912650] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.912653] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Sense Key : Illegal Request [current] Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.912656] Info fld=0x0 Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.912657] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Add. Sense: Invalid field in cdb Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.912660] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] CDB: Read(10): 28 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.912876] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: WARN: Stalled endpoint Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.913439] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.913442] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Sense Key : Illegal Request [current] Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.913445] Info fld=0x0 Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.913446] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Add. Sense: Invalid field in cdb Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.913449] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] CDB: Read(10): 28 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.945227] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: WARN: Stalled endpoint Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.945863] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.945866] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Sense Key : Illegal Request [current] Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.945870] Info fld=0x0 Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.945871] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] Add. Sense: Invalid field in cdb Jul 19 23:28:16 media kernel: [260151.945875] sd 11:0:0:1: [sdc] CDB: Read(10): 28 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 (...) and so on for like 10 seconds until it gives up (...) 3. Question So, my question would be: what is causing this? Am I missing something, should I configure things differently, is this a known limitation? Searching online for more information did not yield any useful results... Thank you in advance for any help!

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• Cisco ASA: Allowing and Denying VPN Access based on membership to an AD group

  - by milkandtang

  I have a Cisco ASA 5505 connecting to an Active Directory server for VPN authentication. Usually we'd restrict this to a particular OU, but in this case users which need access are spread across multiple OUs. So, I'd like to use a group to specify which users have remote access. I've created the group and added the users, but I'm having trouble figuring out how to deny users which aren't in that group. Right now, if someone connects they get assigned the correct group policy "companynamera" if they are in that group, so the LDAP mapping is working. However, users who are not in that group still authenticate fine, and their group policy becomes the LDAP path of their first group, i.e. CN=Domain Users,CN=Users,DC=example,DC=com, and then are still allowed access. How do I add a filter so that I can map everything that isn't "companynamera" to no access? Config I'm using (with some stuff such as ACLs and mappings removed, since they are just noise here): gateway# show run : Saved : ASA Version 8.2(1) ! hostname gateway domain-name corp.company-name.com enable password gDZcqZ.aUC9ML0jK encrypted passwd gDZcqZ.aUC9ML0jK encrypted names name 192.168.0.2 dc5 description FTP Server name 192.168.0.5 dc2 description Everything server name 192.168.0.6 dc4 description File Server name 192.168.0.7 ts1 description Light Use Terminal Server name 192.168.0.8 ts2 description Heavy Use Terminal Server name 4.4.4.82 primary-frontier name 5.5.5.26 primary-eschelon name 172.21.18.5 dmz1 description Kerio Mail Server and FTP Server name 4.4.4.84 ts-frontier name 4.4.4.85 vpn-frontier name 5.5.5.28 ts-eschelon name 5.5.5.29 vpn-eschelon name 5.5.5.27 email-eschelon name 4.4.4.83 guest-frontier name 4.4.4.86 email-frontier dns-guard ! interface Vlan1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 192.168.0.254 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan2 description Frontier FiOS nameif outside security-level 0 ip address primary-frontier 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan3 description Eschelon T1 nameif backup security-level 0 ip address primary-eschelon 255.255.255.248 ! interface Vlan4 nameif dmz security-level 50 ip address 172.21.18.254 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan5 nameif guest security-level 25 ip address 172.21.19.254 255.255.255.0 ! interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 2 ! interface Ethernet0/1 switchport access vlan 3 ! interface Ethernet0/2 switchport access vlan 4 ! interface Ethernet0/3 switchport access vlan 5 ! interface Ethernet0/4 ! interface Ethernet0/5 ! interface Ethernet0/6 ! interface Ethernet0/7 ! ftp mode passive clock timezone PST -8 clock summer-time PDT recurring dns domain-lookup inside dns server-group DefaultDNS name-server dc2 domain-name corp.company-name.com same-security-traffic permit intra-interface access-list companyname_splitTunnelAcl standard permit 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 access-list companyname_splitTunnelAcl standard permit 172.21.18.0 255.255.255.0 access-list inside_nat0_outbound extended permit ip any 172.21.20.0 255.255.255.0 access-list inside_nat0_outbound extended permit ip any 172.21.18.0 255.255.255.0 access-list bypassingnat_dmz extended permit ip 172.21.18.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 pager lines 24 logging enable logging buffer-size 12288 logging buffered warnings logging asdm notifications mtu inside 1500 mtu outside 1500 mtu backup 1500 mtu dmz 1500 mtu guest 1500 ip local pool VPNpool 172.21.20.50-172.21.20.59 mask 255.255.255.0 no failover icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 1 interface global (outside) 2 email-frontier global (outside) 3 guest-frontier global (backup) 1 interface global (dmz) 1 interface nat (inside) 0 access-list inside_nat0_outbound nat (inside) 2 dc5 255.255.255.255 nat (inside) 1 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 nat (dmz) 0 access-list bypassingnat_dmz nat (dmz) 2 dmz1 255.255.255.255 nat (dmz) 1 172.21.18.0 255.255.255.0 access-group outside_access_in in interface outside access-group dmz_access_in in interface dmz route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 4.4.4.1 1 track 1 route backup 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 5.5.5.25 254 timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute timeout tcp-proxy-reassembly 0:01:00 ldap attribute-map RemoteAccessMap map-name memberOf IETF-Radius-Class map-value memberOf CN=RemoteAccess,CN=Users,DC=corp,DC=company-name,DC=com companynamera dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy aaa-server ActiveDirectory protocol ldap aaa-server ActiveDirectory (inside) host dc2 ldap-base-dn dc=corp,dc=company-name,dc=com ldap-scope subtree ldap-login-password * ldap-login-dn cn=administrator,ou=Admins,dc=corp,dc=company-name,dc=com server-type microsoft aaa-server ADRemoteAccess protocol ldap aaa-server ADRemoteAccess (inside) host dc2 ldap-base-dn dc=corp,dc=company-name,dc=com ldap-scope subtree ldap-login-password * ldap-login-dn cn=administrator,ou=Admins,dc=corp,dc=company-name,dc=com server-type microsoft ldap-attribute-map RemoteAccessMap aaa authentication enable console LOCAL aaa authentication ssh console LOCAL http server enable http 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 inside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart sla monitor 123 type echo protocol ipIcmpEcho 4.4.4.1 interface outside num-packets 3 frequency 10 sla monitor schedule 123 life forever start-time now crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA esp-3des esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec security-association lifetime seconds 28800 crypto ipsec security-association lifetime kilobytes 4608000 crypto dynamic-map outside_dyn_map 20 set pfs crypto dynamic-map outside_dyn_map 20 set transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA crypto map outside_map 65535 ipsec-isakmp dynamic outside_dyn_map crypto map outside_map interface outside crypto isakmp enable outside crypto isakmp policy 10 authentication pre-share encryption 3des hash sha group 2 lifetime 86400 ! track 1 rtr 123 reachability telnet timeout 5 ssh 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 inside ssh timeout 5 ssh version 2 console timeout 0 management-access inside dhcpd auto_config outside ! threat-detection basic-threat threat-detection statistics access-list no threat-detection statistics tcp-intercept webvpn group-policy companynamera internal group-policy companynamera attributes wins-server value 192.168.0.5 dns-server value 192.168.0.5 vpn-tunnel-protocol IPSec password-storage enable split-tunnel-policy tunnelspecified split-tunnel-network-list value companyname_splitTunnelAcl default-domain value corp.company-name.com split-dns value corp.company-name.com group-policy companyname internal group-policy companyname attributes wins-server value 192.168.0.5 dns-server value 192.168.0.5 vpn-tunnel-protocol IPSec password-storage enable split-tunnel-policy tunnelspecified split-tunnel-network-list value companyname_splitTunnelAcl default-domain value corp.company-name.com split-dns value corp.company-name.com username admin password IhpSqtN210ZsNaH. encrypted privilege 15 tunnel-group companyname type remote-access tunnel-group companyname general-attributes address-pool VPNpool authentication-server-group ActiveDirectory LOCAL default-group-policy companyname tunnel-group companyname ipsec-attributes pre-shared-key * tunnel-group companynamera type remote-access tunnel-group companynamera general-attributes address-pool VPNpool authentication-server-group ADRemoteAccess LOCAL default-group-policy companynamera tunnel-group companynamera ipsec-attributes pre-shared-key * ! class-map type inspect ftp match-all ftp-inspection-map class-map inspection_default match default-inspection-traffic ! ! policy-map type inspect ftp ftp-inspection-map parameters class ftp-inspection-map policy-map type inspect dns migrated_dns_map_1 parameters message-length maximum 512 policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect dns migrated_dns_map_1 inspect ftp inspect h323 h225 inspect h323 ras inspect http inspect ils inspect netbios inspect rsh inspect rtsp inspect skinny inspect sqlnet inspect sunrpc inspect tftp inspect sip inspect xdmcp inspect icmp inspect icmp error inspect esmtp inspect pptp ! service-policy global_policy global prompt hostname context Cryptochecksum:487525494a81c8176046fec475d17efe : end gateway# Thanks so much!

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