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• How to add deploy.jar to classpath?

  - by dma_k

  I am facing the problem: I need to add ${java.home}/lib/deploy.jar JAR file to classpath in the runtime (dynamically from java). The solution with Thread#setContextClassLoader(ClassLoader) (mentioned here) does not work because of this bug (if somebody can explain what is really a problem – you are welcome). The solution with -Xbootclasspath/a:"%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/deploy.jar" does not work well for me, because I want to have "pure executable jar" as a deliverable: no wrapping scripts please (more over %JAVA_HOME% may not be defined in user's environment in Windows for example, plus I need to write a script per platform) The solution with merging deploy.jar file into my deliverable works only if I make a build on Windows platform. Unfortunately, when the deliverable is produced on build server running on Linux, I got Linux-dependant JAR, which does not execute on Windows – it fails with the trace below. I have read How the Java Launcher Finds Classes and Java programming dynamics: Java classes and class loading articles but I've got no extra ideas, how to correctly handle this situation. Any advices or solutions are very welcomed. Trace: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class com.sun.deploy.config.Config at com.sun.deploy.net.proxy.UserDefinedProxyConfig.getBrowserProxyInfo(UserDefinedProxyConfig.java:43) at com.sun.deploy.net.proxy.DynamicProxyManager.reset(DynamicProxyManager.java:235) at com.sun.deploy.net.proxy.DeployProxySelector.reset(DeployProxySelector.java:59) ... java.lang.NullPointerException at com.sun.deploy.net.proxy.DynamicProxyManager.getProxyList(DynamicProxyManager.java:63) at com.sun.deploy.net.proxy.DeployProxySelector.select(DeployProxySelector.java:166)

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• Using an SHA1 with Microsoft CAPI

  - by Erik Jõgi

  I have an SHA1 hash and I need to sign it. The CryptSignHash() method requires a HCRYPTHASH handle for signing. I create it and as I have the actual hash value already then set it: CryptCreateHash(cryptoProvider, CALG_SHA1, 0, 0, &hash); CryptSetHashParam(hash, HP_HASHVAL, hashBytes, 0); The hashBytes is an array of 20 bytes. However the problem is that the signature produced from this HCRYPTHASH handle is incorrect. I traced the problem down to the fact that CAPI actually doesn't use all 20 bytes from my hashBytes array. For some reason it thinks that SHA1 is only 4 bytes. To verify this I wrote this small program: HCRYPTPROV cryptoProvider; CryptAcquireContext(&cryptoProvider, NULL, NULL, PROV_RSA_FULL, 0); HCRYPTHASH hash; HCRYPTKEY keyForHash; CryptCreateHash(cryptoProvider, CALG_SHA1, keyForHash, 0, &hash); DWORD hashLength; CryptGetHashParam(hash, HP_HASHSIZE, NULL, &hashLength, 0); printf("hashLength: %d\n", hashLength); And this prints out hashLength: 4 ! Can anyone explain what I am doing wrong or why Microsoft CAPI thinks that SHA1 is 4 bytes (32 bits) instead of 20 bytes (160 bits).

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• Complicated SQL query

  - by Yandawl

  Please bare with me this is difficult to explain xD http://img90.imageshack.us/i/croppercapture1.png/ This is based on an undergraduate degree course where a student takes many units (say 4 core units and 1 optional unit per year). tblAwardCoreUnits and tblAwardOptUnits store which units are optional and core for which award, hence the relationship to tblAward and tblStudentCoreUnits and tblStudentOptUnits store the particular instances of those units which a particular student is taking. Secondly, a unit can have multiple events (say a lecture and a unit) and each of those events has sessions in which a student can attend, hence tblEvents, tblSessions and tblAttendances. The query I am trying to produce is to get a list of all level one students, grouped by their award that lists the percentage of attendances in all the units in the current level. I've tried and tried with this and the following is the best I've managed to come up with so far... I'd REALLY appreciate any help you can give with this! SELECT tblStudents.enrolmentNo, tblStudents.forename, tblStudents.surname, tblAwards.title, (SELECT COUNT((tblAttendances.attended + tblAttendances.authorisedAbsence)) AS SumOfAttendances FROM tblAttendances INNER JOIN (tblStudents ON tblStudents.enrolmentNo = tblAttendances.enrolmentNo)) / FROM tblUnits, tblAwards INNER JOIN ((tblStudents INNER JOIN tblStudentOptUnit ON tblStudents.studentID = tblStudentOptUnit.studentID) INNER JOIN tblStudentCoreUnit ON tblStudents.studentID = tblStudentCoreUnit.studentID) ON tblAwards.awardID = tblStudents.awardID WHERE (((tblStudents.level)="1") AND ((tblStudents.status)="enrolled")) GROUP BY tblAwards.title ORDER BY tblStudents.forname;

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• Creating WPF components in background thread

  - by mizipzor

  Im working on a reporting system, a series of DocumentPage are to be created through a DocumentPaginator. These documents include a number of WPF components that are to be instantiated so the paginator includes the correct things when later sent to the XpsDocumentWriter (which in turn is sent to the actual printer). My problem now is that the DocumentPage instances take quite a while to create (enough for Windows to mark the application as frozen) so I tried to create them in a background thread, which is problematic since WPF expects the attributes on them to be set from the GUI thread. I would also like to have a progress bar showing up, indicating how many pages have been created so far. Thus, it looks like Im trying to get two things to happen in parallell on the GUI. The problem is hard to explain and Im really not sure how to tackle it. In short: Create a series of DocumentPage's. These include WPF components These are to be created on a background thread, or use some other trick so the application isnt frozen. After each page is created, a WPF ProgressBar should be updated. If there is no decent way to do this, alternate solutions and approaches are more than welcome.

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• Assemblies mysteriously loaded into new AppDomains

  - by Eric

  I'm testing some code that does work whenever assemblies are loaded into an appdomain. For unit testing (in VS2k8's built-in test host) I spin up a new, uniquely-named appdomain prior to each test with the idea that it should be "clean": [TestInitialize()] public void CalledBeforeEachTestMethod() { AppDomainSetup appSetup = new AppDomainSetup(); appSetup.ApplicationBase = @"G:\<ProjectDir>\bin\Debug"; Evidence baseEvidence = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.Evidence; Evidence evidence = new Evidence( baseEvidence ); _testAppDomain = AppDomain.CreateDomain( "myAppDomain" + _appDomainCounter++, evidence, appSetup ); } [TestMethod] public void MissingFactoryCausesAppDomainUnload() { SupportingClass supportClassObj = (SupportingClass)_testAppDomain.CreateInstanceAndUnwrap( GetType().Assembly.GetName().Name, typeof( SupportingClass ).FullName ); try { supportClassObj.LoadMissingRegistrationAssembly(); Assert.Fail( "Should have nuked the app domain" ); } catch( AppDomainUnloadedException ) { } } [TestMethod] public void InvalidFactoryMethodCausesAppDomainUnload() { SupportingClass supportClassObj = (SupportingClass)_testAppDomain.CreateInstanceAndUnwrap( GetType().Assembly.GetName().Name, typeof( SupportingClass ).FullName ); try { supportClassObj.LoadInvalidFactoriesAssembly(); Assert.Fail( "Should have nuked the app domain" ); } catch( AppDomainUnloadedException ) { } } public class SupportingClass : MarshalByRefObject { public void LoadMissingRegistrationAssembly() { MissingRegistration.Main(); } public void LoadInvalidFactoriesAssembly() { InvalidFactories.Main(); } } If every test is run individually I find that it works correctly; the appdomain is created and has only the few intended assemblies loaded. However, if multiple tests are run in succession then each _testAppDomain already has assemblies loaded from all previous tests. Oddly enough, the two tests get appdomains with different names. The test assemblies that define MissingRegistration and InvalidFactories (two different assemblies) are never loaded into the unit test's default appdomain. Can anyone explain this behavior?

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• Runing bcdedit from python in Windows 2008 SP2

  - by Lee-Man

  I do not know windows well, so that may explain my dilemma ... I am trying to run bcdedit in Windows 2008R2 from Python 2.6. My Python routine to run a command looks like this: def run_program(cmd_str): """Run the specified command, returning its output as an array of lines""" dprint("run_program(%s): entering" % cmd_str) cmd_args = cmd_str.split() subproc = subprocess.Popen(cmd_args, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True) (outf, errf) = (subproc.stdout, subproc.stderr) olines = outf.readlines() elines = errf.readlines() if Options.debug: if elines: dprint('Error output:') for line in elines: dprint(line.rstrip()) if olines: dprint('Normal output:') for line in olines: dprint(line.rstrip()) errf.close() outf.close() res = subproc.wait() dprint('wait result=', res) return (res, olines) I call this function thusly: (res, o) = run_program('bcdedit /set {current} MSI forcedisable') This command works when I type it from a cmd window, and it works when I put it in a batch file and run it from a command window (as Administrator, of course). But when I run it from Python (as Administrator), Python claims it can't find the command, returning: bcdedit is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file Also, if I trying running my batch file from Python (which works from the command line), it also fails. I've also tried it with the full path to bcdedit, with the same results. What is it about calling bcdedit from Python that makes it not found? Note that I can call other EXE files from Python, so I have some level of confidence that my Python code is sane ... but who knows. Any help would be most appreciated.

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• Unit Testing Private Method in Resource Managing Class (C++)

  - by BillyONeal

  I previously asked this question under another name but deleted it because I didn't explain it very well. Let's say I have a class which manages a file. Let's say that this class treats the file as having a specific file format, and contains methods to perform operations on this file: class Foo { std::wstring fileName_; public: Foo(const std::wstring& fileName) : fileName_(fileName) { //Construct a Foo here. }; int getChecksum() { //Open the file and read some part of it //Long method to figure out what checksum it is. //Return the checksum. } }; Let's say I'd like to be able to unit test the part of this class that calculates the checksum. Unit testing the parts of the class that load in the file and such is impractical, because to test every part of the getChecksum() method I might need to construct 40 or 50 files! Now lets say I'd like to reuse the checksum method elsewhere in the class. I extract the method so that it now looks like this: class Foo { std::wstring fileName_; static int calculateChecksum(const std::vector<unsigned char> &fileBytes) { //Long method to figure out what checksum it is. } public: Foo(const std::wstring& fileName) : fileName_(fileName) { //Construct a Foo here. }; int getChecksum() { //Open the file and read some part of it return calculateChecksum( something ); } void modifyThisFileSomehow() { //Perform modification int newChecksum = calculateChecksum( something ); //Apply the newChecksum to the file } }; Now I'd like to unit test the calculateChecksum() method because it's easy to test and complicated, and I don't care about unit testing getChecksum() because it's simple and very difficult to test. But I can't test calculateChecksum() directly because it is private. Does anyone know of a solution to this problem?

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• java: "downcasting" to new object / opposite of slicing

  - by rhavin

  Sorry, i really dont know how to make a headline for that question; maybe there is a name for what im trying to do that i dont know, but i can explain it with some code: Guess you have a class that unfortunately neither has a copy-constructor nor a public static copy method. class A { private int i; // <- private, cant access String x; // <- even worse: cant access unless in same pkg! /* … other stuff, ctor, etc. … */ public A clone() { A a = new A(); a.i = i; a.x = x; return x; } } Guess further, there is some function that returns an object of that class: public static A someFn(x,y,z); Now the problem: I want to derive from that class to add some functionality. Unfortunately, i neither have a sizeof in java nor a cc or static copy method. So when i do a class B extends A { protected w; public B clone() { /* as usual */ } } then i can clone my B and get a new one, but how can i convert the returned A from someFn() into a B. Is there anyway to do the opposite of slicing in java? if i clone it, it's still an A, and i cant copy it field by field. This is all simple in c++, but how to do this in Java?

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• getting data from tableviewcell to 2nd view

  - by chubsta

  I am very new to this and am trying to learn by creating a few little apps for myself. I have a navigation-based app where the user taps the row to select a film title - i then want the second view to show details of the film. Thanks to a very helpful person here i am getting the results of the row pressed as 'rowTitle' as follows : (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { NSString *key = [keys objectAtIndex:indexPath.section]; NSArray *nameSection = [names objectForKey:key]; NSString *rowTitle = [nameSection objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; NSLog(@"rowTitle = %@", rowTitle); [tableView deselectRowAtIndexPath:indexPath animated:YES]; I am, however, struggling to make the data at 'rowTitle' available to the 2nd view - basically, if i can get the info - for example rowTitle is "aliens2" - i want to be able to add a new extension to the end of the string returned by 'rowTitle' in order to point to an image (if that makes sense) in the second view... something like tempImageName=[** this is where the info from rowTitle needs to be i suppose**]; tempImageType=@".png"; finalImageName=[tempImageName stringByAppendingString:tempImageType]; does this make sense to anyone (apologies if it doesnt - i know what i want but how to explain it is a little more awkward!) Thanks again for any help anyone can give (and any help as to formatting these questions would be useful too obviously!!)!

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• Dynamic/Generic ViewModelBase?

  - by Shimmy

  I am learning MVVM now and I understand few things (more than but few are here..): Does every model potentially exposed (thru a VM) to the View is having a VM? For example, if I have a Contact and Address entity and each contact has an Addresses (many) property, does it mean I have to create a ContactViewModel and an AddressViewModel etc.? Do I have to redeclare all the properties of the Model again in the ViewModel (i.e. FirstName, LastName blah blah)? why not have a ViewModelBase and the ContactViewMode will be a subclass of ViewModelBase accessing the Entity's properties itself? and if this is a bad idea that the View has access to the entity (please explain why), then why not have the ViewModelBase be a DynamicObject (view the Dictionary example @ the link page), so I don't have to redeclare all the properties and validation over and over in the two tiers (M & VM) - because really, the View is anyway accessing the ViewModel's fields via reflection anyway. I think MVVM was the hardest technology I've ever learned. it doesn't have out-the-box support and there are to many frameworks and methods to achieve it, and in the other hand there is no arranged way to learn it (as MVC for instance), learning MVVM means browsing and surfing around trying to figure out what's better. Bottom line, what I mean by this section is please go and vote to MSFT to add MVVM support in the BCL and generators for VMs and Vs according to the Ms. Thanks

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• Windows mobile 6.0 network settings

  - by Gauls

  Hi I am using Windows mobile 6.0 classic PDA's , I want to use wireless to access my service on the server(Win 2008), what should be my settings in the PDA network management? here's what my settings which works for some PDA's and for some it works for some time and stops? and for some PDA's similar settings does not work at all?? "Programs that connect to the internet..." = ISP "Programs that connect to a private network..." = My Work Network BTW what is this My work network ??? i don't understand as my PDA's use wireless (with proxy) i wud guess ISP to both should work right? but when i change second option to ISP as well the PDA that can connect to internet and server thru PDA IE but not through .netCF application will not get connected at all, but will work fine (apart from .netCF application accessing the server) if i change the second option back to My work network, so basically PDA is not using the first option of ISP at all ?? All i want to know is 1.) correct settings for WM 6.0 classic wirelessly accesing server 2008 with proxy 2) explain what is my work network ? Thanks gauls

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• 'C++ object destroyed' in QComboBox descendant editor in delegate

  - by Max

  Hi, all! I have modified combobox to hold colors, using QtColorCombo (http://qt.nokia.com/products/appdev/add-on-products/catalog/4/Widgets/qtcolorcombobox) as howto for the 'more...' button implementation details. It works fine in C++ and in PyQt on linux, but I get 'underlying C++ object was destroyed' when use this control in PyQt on Windows. It seels like the error happens when: ... # in constructor: self.activated.connect(self._emitActivatedColor) ... def _emitActivatedColor(self, index): if self._colorDialogEnabled and index == self.colorCount(): print '!!!!!!!!! QtGui.QColorDialog.getColor()' c = QtGui.QColorDialog.getColor() # <----- :( delegate fires 'closeEditor' print '!!!!!!!!! ' + c.name() if c.isValid(): self._numUserColors += 1 #at the next line currentColor() tries to access C++ layer and fails self.addColor(c, self.currentColor().name()) self.setCurrentIndex(index) ... Maybe console output will help. I've overridden event() in editor and got: ... MouseButtonRelease FocusOut Leave Paint Enter Leave FocusIn !!!!!!!!! QtGui.QColorDialog.getColor() WindowBlocked Paint WindowDeactivate !!!!!!!!! 'CloseEditor' fires! Hide HideToParent FocusOut DeferredDelete !!!!!!!!! #6e6eff ... Can someone explain, why there is such a different behaviour in the different environments, and maybe give a workaround to fix this. Here is minimal example: http://docs.google.com/Doc?docid=0Aa0otNVdbWrrZDdxYnF3NV80Y20yam1nZHM&hl=en

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• Why Does Private Access Remain Non-Private in .NET Within a Class?

  - by AMissico

  While cleaning some code today written by someone else, I changed the access modifier from Public to Private on a class variable/member/field. I expected a long list of compiler errors that I use to "refactor/rework/review" the code that used this variable. Imagine my surprise when I didn't get any errors. After reviewing, it turns out that another instance of the Class can access the private members of another instance declared within the Class. Totally unexcepted. Is this normal? I been coding in .NET since the beginning and never ran into this issue, nor read about it. I may have stumbled onto it before, but only "vaguely noticed" and move on. Can anyone explain this behavoir to me? Am I doing something wrong? I found this behavior in both C# and VB.NET. The code seems to take advantage of the ability to access private variables. Sincerely, Totally Confused Class Foo Private _int As Integer Private _foo As Foo Private _jack As Jack Private _fred As Fred Public Sub SetPrivate() _foo = New Foo _foo._int = 3 'TOTALLY UNEXPECTED _jack = New Jack '_jack._int = 3 'expected compile error because Foo doesn't know Jack _fred = New Fred '_fred._int = 3 'expected compile error because Fred hides from Foo End Sub Private Class Fred Private _int As Integer End Class End Class Class Jack Private _int As Integer End Class

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• How to install Zend Framework on Windows

  - by sombe

  "installing Zend Framework is so easy!!!!" yeah right... Ok I'm working with a beginner's book and the ONE thing that is not excessively detailed is the most important part: Installing the darn thing. After browsing the quickstart guide for hours, all it said was: "download Zend [...] add the include directory (bla bla) and YOU'RE DONE!" right, i'm done using Zend. Ok, not really, not yet anyway. I beg of you people, I wanna go to bed, please tell me how (in simple 6th grade detail) to install the framework. I've got the unzipped folder in my htdocs directory, and I placed zf.bat+zf.php in the htdocs root. What's next? thank you so much. EDIT: Thanks guys for all the answers. Unfortunately I haven't been able to work with this or find a good enough resource to explain it to me in plain english. It seems that this framework adheres more so to programmers than to beginners. I've since yesterday read a little on CakePHP and found that it was incredibly easy to install and tune. As oppose to Zend Framework, where I had to dig in my "environment variables", configure "httpd.conf" and almost tie the knot between my computer driver cables to just get it running, CakePHP has already allowed me to put together a nice newbie application. In conclusion, I very much appreciate all of your help. I hope someone else venturing on ZF will be more successful with it. Thanks!

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• Protecting Content with AuthLogic

  - by Rob Wilkerson

  I know this sounds like a really, really simple use case and I'm hoping that it is, but I swear I've looked all over the place and haven't found any mention of any way - not even the best way - of doing this. I'm brand-spanking new to Ruby, Rails and everything surrounding either (which may explain a lot). The dummy app that I'm using as my learning tool requires authentication in order to do almost anything meaningful, so I chose to start by solving that problem. I've installed the AuthLogic gem and have it working nicely to the extent that is covered by the intro documentation and Railscast, but now that I can register, login and logout...I need to do something with it. As an example, I need to create a page where users can upload images. I'm planning to have an ImagesController with an upload action method, but I want that only accessible to logged in users. I suppose that in every restricted action I could add code to redirect if there's no current_user, but that seems really verbose. Is there a better way of doing this that allows me to define or identify restricted areas and handle the authentication check in one place?

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• Does unboxing just return a pointer to the value within the boxed object on the heap?

  - by Charles

  I this MSDN Magazine article, the author states (emphasis mine): Note that boxing always creates a new object and copies the unboxed value's bits to the object. On the other hand, unboxing simply returns a pointer to the data within a boxed object: no memory copy occurs. However, it is commonly the case that your code will cause the data pointed to by the unboxed reference to be copied anyway. I'm confused by the sentence I've bolded and the sentence that follows it. From everything else I've read, including this MSDN page, I've never before heard that unboxing just returns a pointer to the value on the heap. I was under the impression that unboxing would result in you having a variable containing a copy of the value on the stack, just as you began with. After all, if my variable contains "a pointer to the value on the heap", then I haven't got a value type, I've got a pointer. Can someone explain what this means? Was the author on crack? (There is at least one other glaring error in the article). And if this is true, what are the cases where "your code will cause the data pointed to by the unboxed reference to be copied anyway"? I just noticed that the article is nearly 10 years old, so maybe this is something that changed very early on in the life of .Net.

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• Type errors when using same name

  - by lykimq

  I have 3 files: 1) cpf0.ml type string = char list type url = string type var = string type name = string type symbol = | Symbol_name of name 2) problem.ml: type symbol = | Ident of string 3) test.ml open Problem;; open Cpf0;; let symbol b = function | Symbol_name n -> Ident n When I combine test.ml: ocamlc -c test.ml. I received an error: This expression has type Cpf0.name = char list but an expression was expected of type string Could you please help me to correct it? Thank you very much EDIT: Thank you for your answer. I want to explain more about these 3 files: Because I am working with extraction in Coq to Ocaml type: cpf0.ml is generated from cpf.v : Require Import String. Definition string := string. Definition name := string. Inductive symbol := | Symbol_name : name -> symbol. The code extraction.v: Set Extraction Optimize. Extraction Language Ocaml. Require ExtrOcamlBasic ExtrOcamlString. Extraction Blacklist cpf list. where ExtrOcamlString I opened: open Cpf0;; in problem.ml, and I got a new problem because in problem.ml they have another definition for type string This expression has type Cpf0.string = char list but an expression was expected of type Util.StrSet.elt = string Here is a definition in util.ml defined type string: module Str = struct type t = string end;; module StrOrd = Ord.Make (Str);; module StrSet = Set.Make (StrOrd);; module StrMap = Map.Make (StrOrd);; let set_add_chk x s = if StrSet.mem x s then failwith (x ^ " already declared") else StrSet.add x s;; I was trying to change t = string to t = char list, but if I do that I have to change a lot of function it depend on (for example: set_add_chk above). Could you please give me a good idea? how I would do in this case.

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• Understanding Hibernate saveOrUpdate and the Persistence Life Cycle

  - by Stephano

  The books that I've read regarding hibernate are, at best, reference tomes. They very seldom have good code examples, so I tend to use online resources for those needs. However, I've always had a problem understanding the basic idea of hibernate persistence. I've read the books and understand the concepts, but in practice, I often see results that I don't understand. Perhaps you all can help, as you have in the past. Let's look at a simple example of a dog and a cat that are friends. This isn't a rare occurrence. It also has the benefit of being much more interesting than my business case. We want a function called "saveFriends" that takes a dog name and a cat name. We'll save the Dog and then the Cat. For this example to work, the cat is going to have a reference back to the dog. I understand this isn't an ideal example, but it's cute and works for our purposes. FriendService.java public int saveFriends(String dogName, String catName) { Dog fido = new Dog(); Cat felix = new Cat(); fido.name = dogName; fido = animalDao.saveDog(fido); felix.name = catName; [ex.A]felix.friend = fido; [ex.B]felix.friend = animalDao.getDogByName(dogName); animalDao.saveCat(felix); } AnimalDao.java (extends HibernateDaoSupport) public Dog saveDog(Dog dog) { getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(dog); return dog } public Cat saveCat(Cat cat) { getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(cat); return cat; } public Dog getDogByName(String name) { return (Dog) getHibernateTemplate().find("from Dog where name=?", name).get(0); } Now, assume for a minute that I would like to use either example A or example B to save my friend. Is one better than the other to use? I'll understand if neither of those examples work, but please explain why.

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• c# syntax and Linq, IQueryable

  - by hdiver

  Hello. This is a question about the SYNTAX of c# and NOT about how we call/use IQueryable Can someone please explain to me: We have this declaration (System.Linq): public static double Average<TSource>(this IQueryable<TSource> source, Expression<Func<TSource, int>> selector) and to call the Average double average = fruits.AsQueryable().Average(s => s.Length); I understand how to call the Average and all the similar static method of IQueryable but I don’t understand the syntax of the declaration. public static double Average<TSource>(this IQueryable<TSource> source, Expression<Func<TSource, int>> selector) What does the <TSource> mean in Average<TSource>( and also the this IQueryable<TSource> source. since only one parameter passes when we call it and the actual lamda expression (s => s.Length); Thanks in advance.

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• Java Function Analysis

  - by khan

  Okay..I am a total Python guy and have very rarely worked with Java and its methods. The condition is that I have a got a Java function that I have to explain to my instructor and I have got no clue about how to do so..so if one of you can read this properly, kindly help me out in breaking it down and explaining it. Also, i need to find out any flaw in its operation (i.e. usage of loops, etc.) if there is any. Finally, what is the difference between 'string' and 'string[]' types? public static void search(String findfrom, String[] thething){ if(thething.length > 5){ System.err.println("The thing is quite long"); } else{ int[] rescount = new int[thething.length]; for(int i = 0; i < thething.length; i++){ String[] characs = findfrom.split("[ \"\'\t\n\b\f\r]", 0); for(int j = 0; j < characs.length; j++){ if(characs[j].compareTo(thething[i]) == 0){ rescount[i]++; } } } for (int j = 0; j < thething.length; j++) { System.out.println(thething[j] + ": " + rescount[j]); } } }

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• PHP static function self:: in joomla JFactory class explanation?

  - by Carbon6

  Hi I'm looking at the code of Joomla and trying to figure out what exactly happends in this function. index.php makes a call to function $app = JFactory::getApplication('site'); jfactory.php code public static function getApplication($id = null, $config = array(), $prefix='J') { if (!self::$application) { jimport('joomla.application.application'); self::$application = JApplication::getInstance($id, $config, $prefix); } return self::$application; } application.php code.. public static function getInstance($client, $config = array(), $prefix = 'J') { static $instances; if (!isset($instances)) { $instances = array(); } ....... more code ........ return $instances[$client]; } Now I cannot figure out in function getApplication why is self:$application used. self::$application = JApplication::getInstance($id, $config, $prefix); $application is always null, what is the purpose of using this approach. I tryied modifying it to $var = JApplication::getInstance($id, $config, $prefix); and returnig it but it doesn't work. I would be very glad if someone with more knowledge could explain what is happening here detailed as possible. Many thanks.

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• R plotting multiple histograms on single plot to .pdf as a part of R batch script

  - by Bryce Thomas

  I am writing R scripts which play just a small role in a chain of commands I am executing from a terminal. Basically, I do much of my data manipulation in a Python script and then pipe the output to my R script for plotting. So, from the terminal I execute commands which look something like $python whatever.py | R CMD BATCH do_some_plotting.R. This workflow has been working well for me so far, though I have now reached a point where I want to overlay multiple histograms on the same plot, inspired by this answer to another user's question on Stackoverflow. Inside my R script, my plotting code looks like this: pdf("my_output.pdf") plot(hist(d$original,breaks="FD",prob=TRUE), col=rgb(0,0,1,1/4),xlim=c(0,4000),main="original - This plot is in beta") plot(hist(d$minus_thirty_minutes,breaks="FD",prob=TRUE), col=rgb(1,0,0,1/4),add=T,xlim=c(0,4000),main="minus_thirty_minutes - This plot is in beta") Notably, I am using add=T, which is presumably meant to specify that the second plot should be overlaid on top of the first. When my script has finished, the result I am getting is not two histograms overlaid on top of each other, but rather a 3-page PDF whose 3 individual plots contain the titles: i) Histogram of d$original ii) original - This plot is in beta iii) Histogram of d$minus_thirty_minutes So there's two points here I'm looking to clarify. Firstly, even if the plots weren't overlaid, I would expect just a 2-page PDF, not a 3-page PDF. Can someone explain why I am getting a 3-page PDF? Secondly, is there a correction I can make here somewhere to get just the two histograms plotted, and both of them on the same plot (i.e. 1-page PDF)? The other Stackoverflow question/answer I linked to in the first paragraph did mention that alpha-blending isn't supported on all devices, and so I'm curious whether this has anything to do with it. Either way, it would be good to know if there is a R-based solution to my problem or whether I'm going to have to pipe my data into a different language/plotting engine.

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• No idea how to solve SICP exercise 1.11

  - by Javier Badia

  This is not homework. Exercise 1.11: A function f is defined by the rule that f(n) = n if n<3 and f(n) = f(n - 1) + 2f(n - 2) + 3f(n - 3) if n 3. Write a procedure that computes f by means of a recursive process. Write a procedure that computes f by means of an iterative process. Implementing it recursively is simple enough. But I couldn't figure out how to do it iteratively. I tried comparing with the Fibonacci example given, but I didn't know how to use it as an analogy. So I gave up (shame on me) and Googled for an explanation, and I found this: (define (f n) (if (< n 3) n (f-iter 2 1 0 n))) (define (f-iter a b c count) (if (< count 3) a (f-iter (+ a (* 2 b) (* 3 c)) a b (- count 1)))) After reading it, I understand the code and how it works. But what I don't understand is the process needed to get from the recursive defintion of the function to this. I don't get how the code formed in someone's head. Could you explain the thought process needed to arrive at the solution?

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• How do you deserialize a collection with child collections?

  - by Stuart Helwig

  I have a collection of custom entity objects one property of which is an ArrayList of byte arrays. The custom entity is serializable and the collection property is marked with the following attributes: [XmlArray("Images"), XmlArrayItem("Image",typeof(byte[]))] So I serialize a collection of these custom entities and pass them to a web service, as a string. The web service receives the string and byte array in tact, The following code then attempts to deserialize the collection - back into custom entities for processing... XmlSerializer ser = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<myCustomEntity>)); StringReader reader = new StringReader(xmlStringPassedToWS); List<myCustomEntity> entities = (List<myCustomEntity>)ser.Deserialize(reader); foreach (myCustomEntity e in entities) { // ...do some stuff... foreach (myChildCollection c in entities.ChildCollection { // .. do some more stuff.... } } I've checked the XML resulting from the initial serialization and it does contain byte array - the child collection, as does the StringReader built above. After the deserialization process, the resulting collection of custom entites is fine, except that each object in the collection does not contain any items in its child collection. (i.e. it doesn't get to "...do some more stuff..." above. Can someone please explain what I am doing wrong? Is it possible to serialize ArrayLists within a generic collection of custom entities?

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• Common Lisp condition system for transfer of control

  - by Ken

  I'll admit right up front that the following is a pretty terrible description of what I want to do. Apologies in advance. Please ask questions to help me explain. :-) I've written ETLs in other languages that consist of individual operations that look something like: // in class CountOperation IEnumerable<Row> Execute(IEnumerable<Row> rows) { var count = 0; foreach (var row in rows) { row["record number"] = count++; yield return row; } } Then you string a number of these operations together, and call The Dispatcher, which is responsible for calling Operations and pushing data between them. I'm trying to do something similar in Common Lisp, and I want to use the same basic structure, i.e., each operation is defined like a normal function that inputs a list and outputs a list, but lazily. I can define-condition a condition (have-value) to use for yield-like behavior, and I can run it in a single loop, and it works great. I'm defining the operations the same way, looping through the inputs: (defun count-records (rows) (loop for count from 0 for row in rows do (signal 'have-value :value `(:count ,count @,row)))) The trouble is if I want to string together several operations, and run them. My first attempt at writing a dispatcher for these looks something like: (let ((next-op ...)) ;; pick an op from the set of all ops (loop (handler-bind ((have-value (...))) ;; records output from operation (setq next-op ...) ;; pick a new next-op (call next-op))) But restarts have only dynamic extent: each operation will have the same restart names. The restart isn't a Lisp object I can store, to store the state of a function: it's something you call by name (symbol) inside the handler block, not a continuation you can store for later use. Is it possible to do something like I want here? Or am I better off just making each operation function explicitly look at its input queue, and explicitly place values on the output queue?

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