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  • What are the elegant ways to do MixIns in Python?

    - by Slava Vishnyakov
    I need to find an elegant way to do 2 kinds of MixIns. First: class A(object): def method1(self): do_something() Now, a MixInClass should make method1 do this: do_other() - A.method1() - do_smth_else() - i.e. basically "wrap" the older function. I'm pretty sure there must exist a good solution to this. Second: class B(object): def method1(self): do_something() do_more() In this case, I want MixInClass2 to be able to inject itself between do_something() and do_more(), i.e.: do_something() - MixIn.method1 - do_more(). I understand that probably this would require modifying class B - that's ok, just looking for simplest ways to achieve this. These are pretty trivial problems and I actually solved them, but my solution is tainted. Fisrt one by using self._old_method1 = self.method1(); self.method1() = self._new_method1(); and writing _new_method1() that calls to _old_method1(). Problem: multiple MixIns will all rename to _old_method1 and it is inelegant. Second MixIn one was solved by creating a dummy method call_mixin(self): pass and injecting it between calls and defining self.call_mixin(). Again inelegant and will break on multiple MixIns.. Any ideas?

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  • Where is a good place/way to store Windows config files for Python scripts?

    - by thornomad
    I have a script/program I am working on that requires a configuration file (I am using ConfigParser). On linux, I will default to store these variables in ~/.myscript using the os.getenv('HOME') function. With Windows, I know I can use os.getenv('USERPROFILE') to find the User's "home" directory, however, is it a good idea to save a hidden file that way (ie, with the name .myscript)? I don't use Windows, obviously, but wanted to be smart about it for those who do. Is there a standard place/way to store these config variables on Windows?

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  • how to use @ in python.. and the @property and the @classmethods

    - by zjm1126
    this is my code: def a(): print 'sss' @a() def b(): print 'aaa' b() and the Traceback is: sss Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\zjm_code\a.py", line 8, in <module> @a() TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not callable so how to use the '@' thanks updated class a: @property def b(x): print 'sss' aa=a() print aa.b it print : sss None how to use @property thanks updated2 and the classmethods: class a: @classmethods def b(x): print 'sss' aa=a() print aa.b the Traceback is : Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\zjm_code\a.py", line 5, in <module> class a: File "D:\zjm_code\a.py", line 6, in a @classmethods NameError: name 'classmethods' is not defined

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  • Retrieving information with Python's urllib from a page that is done via __doPostBack()?

    - by Omar
    I'm trying to parse a page that has different sections that are loaded with a Javascript __doPostBack() function. An example of a link is: javascript:__doPostBack('ctl00$cphMain$ucOemSchPicker$dlSch$ctl03$btnSch','') As soon as this is clicked, the browser doesn't fetch a new URL but a section of webpage is updated to reflect new information. What would I pass into a urllib function to complete the operation?

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  • Python: Find X to Y in a list of strings.

    - by TheLizardKing
    I have a list of maybe a 100 or so elements that is actually an email with each line as an element. The list is slightly variable because lines that have a \n in them are put in a separate element so I can't simply slice using fixed values. I essentially need a variable start and stop phrase (needs to be a partial search as well because one of my start phrases might actually be Total Cost: $13.43 so I would just use Total Cost:.) Same thing with the end phrase. I also do not wish to include the start/stop phrases in the returned list. In summary: email = ['apples','bananas','cats','dogs','elephants','fish','gee'] start = 'ban' stop = 'ele' the magic here new_email = ['cats','dogs'] NOTES While not perfect formatting of the email, it is fairly consistent so there is a slim chance a start/stop phrase will occur more than once. There are also no blank elements.

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  • Get class of caller's method (via inspect) in Python; or: super(Class,self).method() replacement wit

    - by Slava Vishnyakov
    Is it possible to get reference to class B in this example? class A(object): pass class B(A): def test(self): test2() class C(B): pass import inspect def test2(): frame = inspect.currentframe().f_back cls = frame.[?something here?] # cls here should == B (class) c = C() c.test() Basically, C is child of B, B is child of A. Then we create c of type C. Then the call to c.test() actually calls B.test() (via inheritance), which calls to test2(). test2() can get the parent frame frame; code reference to method via frame.f_code; self via frame.f_locals['self']; but type(frame.f_locals['self']) is C (of course), but not B, where method is defined. Any way to get B?

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  • What's the life-time of a thread-local value in Python?

    - by Carlos Valiente
    import threading mydata = threading.local() def run(): # When will the garbage collector be able to destroy the object created # here? After the thread exits from ``run()``? After ``join()`` is called? # Or will it survive the thread in which it was created, and live until # ``mydata`` is garbage-collected? mydata.foo = object() t = threading.Thread(target=run) t.start() t.join()

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  • How to implement python to find value between xml tags?

    - by Harshit Sharma
    I am using google site to retrieve weather information , I want to find values between XML tags. Following code give me weather condition of a city , but I am unable to obtain other parameters such as temperature and if possible explain working of split function implied in the code: import urllib def getWeather(city): #create google weather api url url = "http://www.google.com/ig/api?weather=" + urllib.quote(city) try: # open google weather api url f = urllib.urlopen(url) except: # if there was an error opening the url, return return "Error opening url" # read contents to a string s = f.read() # extract weather condition data from xml string weather = s.split("<current_conditions><condition data=\"")[-1].split("\"")[0] # if there was an error getting the condition, the city is invalid if weather == "<?xml version=": return "Invalid city" #return the weather condition return weather def main(): while True: city = raw_input("Give me a city: ") weather = getWeather(city) print(weather) if __name__ == "__main__": main() Thank You

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  • Is nothing truly ever deleted in git?

    - by allenskd
    I'm currently learning git, usually I'm a bit skeptic of VCS since I have a hard time getting used to them. I deleted a branch called "experimental" with some tmp files, I saw the files removed in my working directory so I scratched my head and wondered if this is normal, can I bring it back in case I need it again, etc. I found the SHA making the commit of the tmp files and recreated the branch with the provided sha and saw it again with all the files and their current content. Everything I do in the working directory can be reverted once I commit it? Might seem like a silly question to many people, but it kinda intrigues me so I want to know the limits

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  • Build a decision tree for classification of large amount data,using python?

    - by kaushik
    Hi,i am working for speech synthesis.In this i have a large number of pronunciation for each phone i.e alphabet and need to classify them according to few feature such as segment size(int) and alphabet itself(string) into a smaller set suitable for that particular context. For this purpose,i have decided to use decision tree for classification.the data to be parsed is in the S expression format.eg:((question)(LEFTNODE)(RIGHTNODE)). i hav idea for building decision tree for normal buit in type such as list..looking for suggestion for implementation for S expression.. kindly help.. Thanks in advance.. Note:this question may look similar to my prev post,srry if cant giv multiple post.already edited it many times so though of wirting new question instead of editing again

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  • How should I declare default values for instance variables in Python?

    - by int3
    Should I give my class members default values like this: class Foo: num = 1 or like this? class Foo: def __init__(self): self.num = 1 In this question I discovered that in both cases, bar = Foo() bar.num += 1 is a well-defined operation. I understand that the first method will give me a class variable while the second one will not. However, if I do not require a class variable, but only need to set a default value for my instance variables, are both methods equally good? Or one of them more 'pythonic' than the other? One thing I've noticed is that in the Django tutorial, they use the second method to declare Models. Personally I think the second method is more elegant, but I'd like to know what the 'standard' way is.

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  • Python appengine Query does not work when using a variable.

    - by Lloyd
    Hi, I am trying to use a fetcher method to retrieve items from my datastore. If I use the following def getItem(item_id): q = Item.all() q.filter("itemid = ", item_id) It fails because nothing is returned. If I hard code in an item like def getItem(item_id): q = Item.all() q.filter("itemid = ", 9000) it fetches just fine, and sings merrily along. I have tried every which way to get this to work. I have used result = db.GqlQuery("SELECT * FROM Item WHERE item_id = :1 LIMIT 1", title).fetch(1) to the same effect. If I hard code in a number, works fine. I have tried setting the select statement as a local string, assembling it that way, casting the int as a string, and nothing. When I output the SELECT statement to the screen, looks fine. I can cut ans paste the output into the string, and whammo, it works. Any help would be appreciated.

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  • Python instances and attributes: is this a bug or i got it totally wrong?

    - by Mirko Rossini
    Suppose you have something like this: class intlist: def __init__(self,l = []): self.l = l def add(self,a): self.l.append(a) def appender(a): obj = intlist() obj.add(a) print obj.l if __name__ == "__main__": for i in range(5): appender(i) A function creates an instance of intlist and calls on this fresh instance the method append on the instance attribute l. How comes the output of this code is: [0] [0, 1] [0, 1, 2] [0, 1, 2, 3] [0, 1, 2, 3, 4] ? If i switch obj = intlist() with obj = intlist(l=[]) I get the desired output [0] [1] [2] [3] [4] Why this happens? Thanks

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  • What is the funniest bug you've ever experienced?

    - by friol
    I remember testing a geographical data normalizer written in Java that had concurrency problems. So, when you tried to normalize a city (say "Rome") and another guy did that too (say "New york"), you would get the other guy's data normalized ("NEW YORK") instead of your query. What's the bug that mostly made you smile in your career?

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  • Need opinions on LaTeX and ever upgrading

    - by yCalleecharan
    Hi, I've been using LaTeX since 2005 with the TeXLive distribution and I've been upgrading as each new TeXLive distribution comes out. In the recent years I noticed an increase in new packages, updated packages and in one instance a new package bearing a different name replacing an old one by the same package author. A LaTeX document which relies heavily on packages and which has been produced a few years back may start to get some warnings and error messages on present-day LaTeX compilation. The primary reason I switched to LaTeX is because of its reliability and robustness to create big documents easily, not to mention the adorable typographic quality. With LaTeX one doesn't have to worry about how to open a docx in an old program supporting only doc for instance. Now, when there are so much continual changes in the packages in a LaTeX distribution, I tend to wonder when will this madness end. Not that having enhanced and new features are bad in packages, but not all updated packages are backward compatible. Eventually one would like to be able to compile a LaTeX file in 10 years time that he/she is working on at present and not get any compilation warnings/error messages due to some unpredictable behavior of updated packages or due to a package that has been cast-off from a LaTeX distribution. If I understand correctly CTAN do keep a database with all packages from different versions. I would like to know how you LaTeX users handle this issue. Thanks a lot...

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