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  • Return an opaque object to the caller without violating type-safety

    - by JS Bangs
    I have a method which should return a snapshot of the current state, and another method which restores that state. public class MachineModel { public Snapshot CurrentSnapshot { get; } public void RestoreSnapshot (Snapshot saved) { /* etc */ }; } The state Snapshot class should be completely opaque to the caller--no visible methods or properties--but its properties have to be visible within the MachineModel class. I could obviously do this by downcasting, i.e. have CurrentSnapshot return an object, and have RestoreSnapshot accept an object argument which it casts back to a Snapshot. But forced casting like that makes me feel dirty. What's the best alternate design that allows me to be both type-safe and opaque?

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  • What are the differences between struct and class in C++

    - by palm3D
    This question was already asked in the context of C#/.Net. Now I'd like to learn the differences between a struct and a class in (unmanaged) C++. Please discuss the technical differences as well as reasons for choosing one or the other in OO design. I'll start with an obvious difference: If you don't specify public: or private:, members of a struct are public by default; members of a class are private by default. I'm sure there are other differences to be found in the obscure corners of the C++ specification.

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  • Data Access Layer in Asp.Net

    - by Dark Rider
    Am Afraid If am Overdoing things here. We recently started a .Net project containig different Class Libraries for DAl,Services and DTO. Question is about our DAL layer we wanted a clean and easily maintained Data access layer, We wanted go with Entity Framework 4.1. So still not clear about what to opt for Plain ADO.Net using DAO and DAOImpl methodolgy or Entity Framework. Could any one please suggest the best approach.

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  • What's the purpose of the rotate instructions (ROL, RCL on x86) ?

    - by lgratian
    I always wondered what's the purpose of the rotate instructions some CPUs have (ROL, RCL on x86, for example). What kind of software makes use of these instructions? I first thought they may be used for encryption/computing hash codes, but these libraries are written usually in C, which doesn't have operators that map to these instructions. Has anybody found an use for them? Why where they added to the instructions set?

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  • Designing Relational Survey Questionnaires Database

    - by user1213055
    I'm trying to build a simple sql database for following access database. Currently there is no relationship and I just have two tables male and female with 6 sections in each form. How can I design it a better way so end user can connect to the database and analyze using STATA or SPSS ? I'm really confused whether I should create one table with all fields or break down into different tables. The database is specific to this study only so I'm not looking for a generic survey database where user can create surveys and capture them. Any feedback or suggestion is much appreciated.

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  • Javascript object encapsulation that tracks changes

    - by Raynos
    Is it possible to create an object container where changes can be tracked Said object is a complex nested object of data. (compliant with JSON). The wrapper allows you to get the object, and save changes, without specifically stating what the changes are Does there exist a design pattern for this kind of encapsulation Deep cloning is not an option since I'm trying to write a wrapper like this to avoid doing just that. The solution of serialization should only be considered if there are no other solutions. An example of use would be var foo = state.get(); // change state state.update(); // or state.save(); client.tell(state.recentChange()); A jsfiddle snippet might help : http://jsfiddle.net/Raynos/kzKEp/ It seems like implementing an internal hash to keep track of changes is the best option. [Edit] To clarify this is actaully done on node.js on the server. The only thing that changes is that the solution can be specific to the V8 implementation.

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  • Using SimpleDB (with SimpleSavant) with POCO / existing entities, not attributes on my classes

    - by alex
    I'm trying to use Simple Savant within my application, to use SimpleDB I currently have (for example) public class Person { public Guid Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public string Description { get; set; } public DateTime DateOfBirth { get; set; } } To use this with Simple Savant, i'd have to put attributes above the class declaration, and property - [DomainName("Person")] above the class, and [ItemName] above the Id property. I have all my entities in a seperate assembly. I also have my Data access classes an a seperate assembly, and a class factory selects, based on config, the IRepository (in this case, IRepository I want to be able to use my existing simple class - without having attributes on the properties etc.. In case I switch out of simple db, to something else - then I only need to create a different implementation of IRepository. Should I create a "DTO" type class to map the two together? Is there a better way?

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  • How to relate keywords to records - Many to Many

    - by webworm
    Hi All, I am looking for suggestions on database design for a sample jobs listing application. I have many jobs that I would like to associate various keywords with. Each job can have multiple keywords. I would like to store the keywords in a seperate table instead of in a field within the Job table so as to avoid mispellings in keywords. What is the best way to relate keywords to the jobs? I was thinking of using an intermediary table that would have a many to many relationship linking keywords to jobs. Is this the best way to go or should I just have a field in the Job table that contains multiple keywords? Thanks for any suggestions.

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  • How can I setup a flexible local web development environment I can easily sync with a production, Amazon AWS based environment?

    - by user607057
    I'm running on an OS X environment and would like to create a flexible web development environment locally... including the option to run on an Nginx server for my PHP-based application. At the end of the day (or, development cycle), I'd like to be able to hit a switch and have it all sync over to Amazon AWS hosting (EC2, S3) - instances, databases, files, configurations, and all. Are there any simple ways to do this?

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  • benefit of having a factory for object creation?

    - by ajsie
    I'm trying to understand the factory design pattern. I don't understand why it's good to have a middleman between the client and the product (object that the client wants). example with no factory: $mac = new Mac(); example with a factory: $appleStore = new AppleStore(); $mac = $appleStore->getProduct('mac'); How does the factory pattern decouple the client from the product? Could someone give an example of a future code change that will impact on example 1 negative, but positive in example 2 so I understand the importance of decoupling? Thanks.

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  • .net configurable business error messages

    - by Daniel
    Hi all, I need to implement some kind of solution such that in our business logic layer when certain conditions are met an error message is returned. That error message should be configurable either in a file or table that can be edited at run time if needed. I've seen it done before a few ways and it always ends up something like "This error message is {0}" and then when the dev goes the use the message they dont neccesarily know how many (if any) parameters the message needs. Just hoping to leverage off something that may have already been done, I dont think there is a provider or anything already in the .net framework.

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  • Drupal and Back-End Complexity

    - by Brian
    Currently I am working on a school website, and we are still in the decision-making process of choosing a framework (we know that we're not using Joomla! or hand-coding). Drupal came up as a viable choice, and currently, that is my best bet for the site. However, I have an issue with CMS's in general. I would like to develop a quite complicated and specifically custom-suited back-end application for teachers to interact with individual students, including the design of shared/custom calendars, announcement privileges, etc. I currently have a bit of expertise with HTML, CSS, PHP, MySQL, and I could wrap my head around some JavaScript and AJAX stuff if need-be. However, would such a complicated application work with Drupal (in that I could create it to specifically suite my purposes)?

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  • What books should be read to become an excelent software architect.

    - by dev-cu
    I know there are good books to start with, but let's make a short list of 3-5 books, i don't think only one book could help you in the way of becoming a good architect. I read some time ago that an architect takes years to have the knowledge and the ability to make good decisions. Suppose someone has the potential, what is the way? Please, answers with books that doesn't repeat over the same theme, making your learning process widely. One short list per answer. Vote up that you think are the best ones. Thanks.

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  • Should I combine unrelated interfaces into a single library?

    - by mafutrct
    Situation is like this: There are independent 5 services. Each service consists of a project for interface, implementation and test. Example: LocalizationService.Interfaces LocalizationService.Implementation LocalizationService.Test There is a WCF service for each of the services: LocalizationService.WcfContract (including DataContracts) LocalizationService.WcfHost The client applications are probably mostly going to use all of the services. Should I combine all service interfaces into a common one? AllServices.AllInterfaces In my opinion, this is a bad idea. The services are independent and there is no reason to introduce a dependency. I imagine that especially testing becomes more difficult. However, one may argue that having to include 5 libraries is too much of a hassle. (I'm not sure how to tag this. Feel free to retag.)

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  • how to organize classes in ruby if they are literal subclasses

    - by RetroNoodle
    I know that title didn't make sense, Im sorry! Its hard to word what I am trying to ask. I had trouble googling it for the same reason. So this isn't even Ruby specific, but I am working in ruby and I am new to it, so bear with me. So you have a class that is a document. Inside each document, you have sentences, and each sentence has words. Words will have properties, like "noun" or a count of how many times they are used in the document, etc. I would like each of the elements, document, sentence, word be an object. Now, if you think literally - sentences are in documents, and words are in sentences. Should this be organized literally like this as well? Like inside the document class you will define and instantiate the sentence objects, and inside the sentence class you will define and instantiate the words? Or, should everything be separate and reference each other? Like the word class would sit outside the sentence class but the sentence class would be able to instantiate and work with words? This is a basic OOP question I guess, and I suppose you could argue to do it either way. What do you guys think? Each sentence in the document could be stored in a hash of sentence objects inside the document object, and each word in the sentence could be stored in a hash of word objects inside the sentence. I dont want to code myself into a corner here, thats why I am asking, plus I have wondered this before in other situations. Thank you!

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  • Where should I handle the exceptions, in the BLL, DAL or PL ?

    - by Puneet Dudeja
    Which is the best place to handle the exceptions ? BLL, DAL or PL ? Should I allow the methods in the DAL and BLL to throw the exceptions up the chain and let the PL handle them? or should I handle them at the BLL ? e.g If I have a method in my DAL that issues "ExecuteNonQuery" and updates some records, and due to one or more reason, 0 rows are affected. Now, how should I let my PL know that whether an exception happened or there really was no rows matched to the condition. Should I use "try catch" in my PL code and let it know through an exception, or should I handle the exception at DAL and return some special code like (-1) to let the PL differentiate between the (exception) and (no rows matched condition i.e. zero rows affected) ?

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  • Good assembly tutorial for windows with eiter fasm or nasm

    - by The new guy
    I have spent the last 3 hours google and bing for a good asm tutorial(x86 variety). I have been on this site for many of these results. Non have really been sufficient. Mainly because while i like learning theory, i learn it best via practice, while for example pc-asm has about 20-30 pages of theroy before anything practical. I was wondering if there was a tutorial or online pdf (or cheap book(<£20)) that i could use that suits my style of learning. Please state if this is not possibke Thank you for your time

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  • What do I need to know before working on an IM application?

    - by John
    I'm looking into building an IM-type application using Java stack (for the server at least). I'd be interested to see any information/advice on how applications like Skype/AIM/MSN work, as well as know any technologies/APIs that might be relevant. Without giving away the idea itself, it's perhaps more akin to Google Wave than Skype, but information useful for either is very welcome. Specific points I have already thought of include: Server Vs P2P... for reasons of logging my system will require all communication to go through a central server. Is this how other IM tools work... especially when audio/video comes into the equation? Cross-communication with other systems. Are there APIs for this or do all IM providers work hard to keep their protocol secret? The nature of what I'm designing means integration could probably only be limited, but it definitely seems worthwhile from a business perspective

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  • What is the best businessmodel when using NHibernate to access the database?

    - by Sem Dendoncker
    Hi, I'm starting to use NHiberante as a dataaccess tier. I'm used to work with the repository model as a business model. This means, my domain model (not really a tier), my asp.net application tier, my repository tier which finally uses my dataaccess tier. But with what I've learned by now (on NHibernate) I know that many logic is done within an ISession so I was wondering if NHibernate could be used within the repository tier. Or perhaps there are even better ways to use NHibernate. Does anyone know where I could find a propriate example of how to use NHibernate in an webapplication? Cheers, M.

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  • Abstract away a compound identity value for use in business logic?

    - by John K
    While separating business logic and data access logic into two different assemblies, I want to abstract away the concept of identity so that the business logic deals with one consistent identity without having to understand its actual representation in the data source. I've been calling this a compound identity abstraction. Data sources in this project are swappable and various and the business logic shouldn't care which data source is currently in use. The identity is the toughest part because its implementation can change per kind of data source, whereas other fields like name, address, etc are consistently scalar values. What I'm searching for is a good way to abstract the concept of identity, whether it be an existing library, a software pattern or just a solid good idea of some kind is provided. The proposed compound identity value would have to be comparable and usable in the business logic and passed back to the data source to specify records, entities and/or documents to affect, so the data source must be able to parse back out the details of its own compound ids. Data Source Examples: This serves to provide an idea of what I mean by various data sources having different identity implementations. A relational data source might express a piece of content with an integer identifier plus a language specific code. For example. content_id language Other Columns expressing details of content 1 en_us 1 fr_ca The identity of the first record in the above example is: 1 + en_us However when a NoSQL data source is substituted, it might somehow represent each piece of content with a GUID string 936DA01F-9ABD-4d9d-80C7-02AF85C822A8 plus language code of a different standardization, And a third kind of data source might use just a simple scalar value. So on and so forth, you get the idea.

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  • Singleton pattern with Web application, Not a good idea!!

    - by Tony
    Hi I found something funny, I notice it by luck while I was debugging other thing. I was applying MCP pattern and I made a singleton controller to be shared among all presentations. Suddenly I figured out that some event is called once at first postback, twice if there is two postback, 100 times if there is 100 postbacks. because Singleton is based on a static variable which hold the instance, and the static variable live across postbacks, and I wired the event assuming that it will be wired once, and rewired for each postback. I think we should think twice before applying a singleton in a web application, or I miss something?? thanks

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  • Handling multiple post-defined datasource connections based on user

    - by choudeshell
    How should I handle multiple user-connection defined datasource connection in my .NET application? To illustrate this better; the user provides three (3) pieces of information, username, password and data source name. This data source name is then looked-up in a central database telling that application which main database this user should connect to. My question is, in the DataAccess layer, should we only pass down enough information to uniquely identify that user, and query the central database each time in the DAL; or, should we provide another way to pass the datasource connection down to the DAL?

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  • BlackBerry - Multiple Screens or Single Screen with Content Manager?

    - by Max Gontar
    Hi! I've seen projects which use many screens each one for different layout and functionality. I've seen projects with only one screen (like wizard workflow) where content is changed on user interaction (and this seems to be logical to use single screen in wizards). But also I've seen projects (apps like game or messenger or phone settings utility) which use single screen for different functionalities. I can see such advantages of having single screen in app: keep same decoration design and menu or toolbar (which may be also achieved with inheritance) keep single screen in ui stack (which may be achieved by pop/push screen) easy to handle data over application Can you tell other advantages/disadvantages of single screen app? When its better to use this approach? Thank you!

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