sent - Page 23 - Developer IT

Sendmail configs and logs look correct, but I get no mail

- by Christian Dechery

I used this tutorial to config sendmail on Ubuntu. Followed every step and when I test it, it seems to have worked, but I get no mail (not even on the spam folder) Below is the log for a test message: 050 >>> MAIL From:<[email protected]> SIZE=345 AUTH=<> 050 250 2.1.0 OK ek1sm23505399vdc.28 - gsmtp 050 >>> RCPT To:<######@gmail.com> 050 250 2.1.5 OK ek1sm23505399vdc.28 - gsmtp 050 >>> DATA 050 354 Go ahead ek1sm23505399vdc.28 - gsmtp 050 >>> . 050 250 2.0.0 OK 1401150762 ek1sm23505399vdc.28 - gsmtp 050 <########@gmail.com>... Sent (OK 1401150762 ek1sm23505399vdc.28 - gsmtp) 250 2.0.0 s4R0WdYN007263 Message accepted for delivery ######@gmail.com... Sent (s4R0WdYN007263 Message accepted for delivery) And this is my /var/log/mail.log May 26 21:32:39 UX-BLUEROOM sendmail[7262]: s4R0Wdxq007262: from=christian, size=105, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[email protected]>, relay=christian@localhost May 26 21:32:40 UX-BLUEROOM sm-mta[7263]: s4R0WdYN007263: from=<[email protected]>, size=345, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[email protected]>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA-v4, relay=localhost [127.0.0.1] May 26 21:32:41 UX-BLUEROOM sm-mta[7263]: STARTTLS=client, relay=gmail-smtp-msa.l.google.com., version=TLSv1/SSLv3, verify=FAIL, cipher=ECDHE-RSA-RC4-SHA, bits=128/128 May 26 21:32:42 UX-BLUEROOM sm-mta[7263]: s4R0WdYN007263: to=<######@gmail.com>, ctladdr=<[email protected]> (1000/1000), delay=00:00:02, xdelay=00:00:02, mailer=relay, pri=30345, relay=gmail-smtp-msa.l.google.com. [173.194.75.109], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (OK 1401150762 ek1sm23505399vdc.28 - gsmtp) May 26 21:32:42 UX-BLUEROOM sendmail[7262]: s4R0Wdxq007262: to=#####@gmail.com, ctladdr=christian (1000/1000), delay=00:00:03, xdelay=00:00:03, mailer=relay, pri=30105, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (s4R0WdYN007263 Message accepted for delivery)

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Exchange server intermittently not receiving or delivering emails to a few addresses?

- by Gary Willoughby

This is a strange problem. We are using an Exchange 2007 server to handle the emails to and from the company. There are two main problems which are probably related. None of our mails sent to one single customer are ever received. When we send any type of mail to one particular customer, they never get it. We have confirmed the address and tried to send more to other mail addresses on the same domain and they still don't receive it. No error (email or otherwise) is ever issued. (Domain related? Blacklisted?) Sometimes (intermittently) a mail sent to our company (can be any address on our domain) is never received. I tried this the other day from home and sent a mail to my work address. It was never received. But then a day later i sent another and it was received fine (so the mail address is fine). No error (email or otherwise) is ever issued. Any ideas where to start looking for causes?

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Xen domain migration locking problem

- by brodie

I am trying to live migrate a VM (domain) between two Xen servers. I have xen locking (xend-domain-lock = yes) configured with a ocfs2 shared storage between them. This locking is working fine. If I try to start up the VM on the secondary server it refuses to start (which is correct). The problem I am having is when trying to do live migration, it seems like it is trying to remove the lock twice. The first lock it removes is for "domain test", the second is for "migrating-test" which does not exist. Should their be a lock for this "migrating-test" VM? These are the relevant options in the xen config file: (xend-relocation-server yes) (xend-relocation-port 8002) (xend-relocation-address '') (xend-relocation-hosts-allow '') (xend-domain-lock yes) (xend-domain-lock-path /var/lib/xen/lock) This is the section of the log: [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:4054) Releasing lock for domain test [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] INFO (XendCheckpoint:474) SUSPEND shinfo 000c6ceb [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] INFO (XendCheckpoint:474) delta 21ms, dom0 95%, target 0%, sent 57Mb/s, dirtied 173Mb/s 111 pages 4: sent 111, skipped 0, delta 6ms, dom0 100%, target 0%, sent 606Mb/s, dirtied 606Mb/s 111 pages [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] INFO (XendCheckpoint:474) Total pages sent= 131295 (0.99x) [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] INFO (XendCheckpoint:474) (of which 0 were fixups) [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] INFO (XendCheckpoint:474) All memory is saved [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] INFO (XendCheckpoint:474) Save exit rc=0 [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] INFO (XendCheckpoint:123) Domain 22 suspended. [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2757) XendDomainInfo.destroy: domid=22 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2227) Destroying device model [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] INFO (image:567) migrating-test device model terminated [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2234) Releasing devices [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2247) Removing vif/0 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:1137) XendDomainInfo.destroyDevice: deviceClass = vif, device = vif/0 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2247) Removing vkbd/0 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:1137) XendDomainInfo.destroyDevice: deviceClass = vkbd, device = vkbd/0 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2247) Removing console/0 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:1137) XendDomainInfo.destroyDevice: deviceClass = console, device = console/0 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2247) Removing vbd/51712 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:1137) XendDomainInfo.destroyDevice: deviceClass = vbd, device = vbd/51712 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2247) Removing vfb/0 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:1137) XendDomainInfo.destroyDevice: deviceClass = vfb, device = vfb/0 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:4054) Releasing lock for domain migrating-test [2010-06-10 10:45:59 14488] ERROR (XendDomainInfo:4070) Failed to remove unmanaged directory /var/lib/xen/lock/b01515ae-9173-03cb-0cb7-06f3dfbede8b.

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Excel 2007 - Adding line breaks in a cell and no line over 50 characters

- by Richard Drew

I have notes stored in an excel cell. I add line breaks and dates every time I add a new note. I need to copy this to another program, but it has a line limit of 50 characters. I want a line break for each new date and for when each date's comment goes over 50 characters. I'm able to do one or the other, but I can't figure out how to do both. I'd prefer words not to be split up, but at this point I don't care. Below is some sample input. If needed for a SUBSTITUTE or REPLACE function, I could add a ~ before each date in my input as a delimiter. Sample Input: 07/03 - FU on query. Copies and history included. CC to Jane Doe and John Public 06/29 - Cust claiming not to have these and wrong PO on query form. Responded with inv sent dates and locations, correct PO values, and copies. 06/27 - New ticket opened using query form 06/12 - Opened ticket with helpdesk asking status 05/21 - Copy submitted to [email protected] 05/14 - Copy sent to John Public and [email protected] Ideal Output: 07/03 - FU on query. Copies and history included. CC to Jane Doe and John Public 06/29 - Cust claiming not to have these and wrong PO on query form. Responded with inv sent dates an d locations, correct PO values, and copies. 06/27 - New ticket opened using query form 06/12 - Opened ticket with helpdesk asking status 05/21 - Copy submitted to [email protected] om 05/14 - Copy sent to John Public and email@custome r.com

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Exim4 Smart Host Relay

- by ColinM

I am running Exim 4.71. I want to: Route all email from A.com through mail.A.com Route all email from [B-E].com through mail.B.com Send all other email directly. Here is the configuration I have that doesn't work like I hoped: domainlist a_domains = a.com domainlist b_domains = b.com : c.com : d.com : e.com begin routers smart_route_a: driver = manualroute domains = +a_domains transport = remote_smtp route_list = +a_domains mail.a.com no_more smart_route_b: driver = manualroute domains = +b_domains transport = remote_smtp route_list = +b_domains mail.mollenhour.com no_more dnslookup: driver = dnslookup domains = ! +local_domains transport = remote_smtp ignore_target_hosts = 0.0.0.0 : 127.0.0.0/8 no_more When I send an email e.g. with PHP's mail() or Zend_Mail_Transport_Smtp setting both From: and Return-Path: as [email protected], the smart_route_a router is not used, the dnslookup is used instead. Disabling dnslookup results in no mail being sent. From the logs it appears that email sent to [email protected] uses smart_route_a, but the same email sent from [email protected] to [email protected] is sent using dnslookup. How do I make email from [email protected] be relayed via mail.a.com?

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Users getting 'flooded' with not read notifications (NRNs) for old emails and meeting requests

- by Exile

I'm being placed under quite a lot of pressure from senior management over a relatively trivial issue. Basically the vast majority of users are complaining that they receive not read notifications (NRNs) for old emails and meeting requests in large numbers multiple times a day. I know something strange is happening because some are delivered at silly times in the morning (i.e 3AM or 4AM). The problem I have is that these some of these NRNs are from meeting requests and messages that are 120 days old, so some users have deleted the original message so I don’t actually know if the NRN is from an email or meeting request. This is typical of what users receive as a NRN: From: Sender Sent: 23 March 2012 04:16 To: Recepient Subject: Not read: Accepted: Status update Your message To: Sender Subject: Accepted: Status update Sent: Wednesday, November 23, 2011 8:59:00 AM (UTC) Dublin, Edinburgh, Lisbon, London was deleted without being read on Friday, March 23, 2012 4:15:32 AM (UTC) Dublin, Edinburgh, Lisbon, London. ... From: Sender Sent: 18 March 2012 01:13 To: Recepient Subject: Not read: Gold delivery - Sourcing module Your message To: Sender Subject: Gold delivery - Sourcing module Sent: Friday, November 18, 2011 9:37:58 AM (UTC) Dublin, Edinburgh, Lisbon, London was deleted without being read on Sunday, March 18, 2012 1:12:37 AM (UTC) Dublin, Edinburgh, Lisbon, London. I have done a search and found the following: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2544246 http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2471964 But we already installed 'Update Rollup 6 for Exchange Server 2010 Service Pack 1' back in December, so I am not sure what we can do to fix this?

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Google Apps, SPF, softfail problem (validates with validation tools, but still softfails otherwise)

- by mq.chen

Hi, I guess this is probably a commonly asked and boring question but I'm really at a loss and I don't know what else to do. This might be a duplicate of other questions, but none of the solutions worked for me. I've Googled around and read just about anything I could find but I'm still puzzled as to why it doesn't work. The gist of my problem is that I have set-up Google Apps for a client of mine with the domain fintan.dk. Everthing works just excellent, except emails sent from *@fintan.dk (either with the Gmail web-interface or desktop client) to a non-Google Apps email gets a softfail (I have sent to my University email, an email hosted at MediaTemple and even Hotmail). The emails gets a pass when sent to a Google Apps or Gmail address though... (All emails from that domain are sent via email clients.) So this is what I have done so far: I've added the SPF record Google recommended (v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com ~all), waited several days hoping it would a DNS update delay problem. Now, three days later there is no change. I have verified the settings in the desktop clients several times. I have validated the records with validation tools like the SPF Query Tool, [email protected] and [email protected]. All of them validate and gives a pass, saying there shouldn't be a problem, but strangely there still is. So, I really don't know what else to do. Any help is very much appreciated. Thank you in advance!

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Subsequent runs of rsync locally don't reduce data transferred

- by sharakan

I have an EC2 instance with data I want to sync to a mounted, but remote, volume, as a backup. rsync seems like the way to go with this, so as a test I took my test file (a Postgres pg_dump file) and used rsync -v to copy it to the mounted volume: [ec2-user work]$ rsync -v dump.sql.1 ../backup/dump.sql dump.sql.1 sent 821704315 bytes received 31 bytes 3416650.09 bytes/sec total size is 821603948 speedup is 1.00 Then, I ran it again, expecting to see minimal sent/received numbers because it would just be checksums. Instead... [ec2-user work]$ rsync -v dump.sql.1 ../backup/dump.sql dump.sql.1 sent 821704315 bytes received 31 bytes 3402502.47 bytes/sec total size is 821603948 speedup is 1.00 I'm new to rsync so perhaps I'm missing something, but isn't the idea that the source and destination files are checked for differences, and then a patch is generated and applied to the destination? Why is this not reducing the amount of data 'sent' to just the size of the checksums? Some background if it's relevant: the mounted volume is using s3fs, mounted with s3fs <bucketname> backup.

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OIM 11g notification framework

- by Rajesh G Kumar

OIM 11g has introduced an improved and template based Notifications framework. New release has removed the limitation of sending text based emails (out-of-the-box emails) and enhanced to support html features. New release provides in-built out-of-the-box templates for events like 'Reset Password', 'Create User Self Service' , ‘User Deleted' etc. Also provides new APIs to support custom templates to send notifications out of OIM. OIM notification framework supports notification mechanism based on events, notification templates and template resolver. They are defined as follows: Ø Events are defined as XML file and imported as part of MDS database in order to make notification event available for use. Ø Notification templates are created using OIM advance administration console. The template contains the text and the substitution 'variables' which will be replaced with the data provided by the template resolver. Templates support internationalization and can be defined as HTML or in form of simple text. Ø Template resolver is a Java class that is responsible to provide attributes and data to be used at runtime and design time. It must be deployed following the OIM plug-in framework. Resolver data provided at design time is to be used by end user to design notification template with available entity variables and it also provides data at runtime to replace the designed variable with value to be displayed to recipients. Steps to define custom notifications in OIM 11g are: Steps# Steps 1. Define the Notification Event 2. Create the Custom Template Resolver class 3. Create Template with notification contents to be sent to recipients 4. Create Event triggering spots in OIM 1. Notification Event metadata The Notification Event is defined as XML file which need to be imported into MDS database. An event file must be compliant with the schema defined by the notification engine, which is NotificationEvent.xsd. The event file contains basic information about the event.XSD location in MDS database: “/metadata/iam-features-notification/NotificationEvent.xsd”Schema file can be viewed by exporting file from MDS using weblogicExportMetadata.sh script.Sample Notification event metadata definition: 1: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2: <Events xmlns:xsi=http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="../../../metadata/NotificationEvent.xsd"> 3: <EventType name="Sample Notification"> 4: <StaticData> 5: <Attribute DataType="X2-Entity" EntityName="User" Name="Granted User"/> 6: </StaticData> 7: <Resolver class="com.iam.oim.demo.notification.DemoNotificationResolver"> 8: <Param DataType="91-Entity" EntityName="Resource" Name="ResourceInfo"/> 9: </Resolver> 10: </EventType> 11: </Events> Line# Description 1. XML file notation tag 2. Events is root tag 3. EventType tag is to declare a unique event name which will be available for template designing 4. The StaticData element lists a set of parameters which allow user to add parameters that are not data dependent. In other words, this element defines the static data to be displayed when notification is to be configured. An example of static data is the User entity, which is not dependent on any other data and has the same set of attributes for all event instances and notification templates. Available attributes are used to be defined as substitution tokens in the template. 5. Attribute tag is child tag for StaticData to declare the entity and its data type with unique reference name. User entity is most commonly used Entity as StaticData. 6. StaticData closing tag 7. Resolver tag defines the resolver class. The Resolver class must be defined for each notification. It defines what parameters are available in the notification creation screen and how those parameters are replaced when the notification is to be sent. Resolver class resolves the data dynamically at run time and displays the attributes in the UI. 8. The Param DataType element lists a set of parameters which allow user to add parameters that are data dependent. An example of the data dependent or a dynamic entity is a resource object which user can select at run time. A notification template is to be configured for the resource object. Corresponding to the resource object field, a lookup is displayed on the UI. When a user selects the event the call goes to the Resolver class provided to fetch the fields that are displayed in the Available Data list, from which user can select the attribute to be used on the template. Param tag is child tag to declare the entity and its data type with unique reference name. 9. Resolver closing tag 10 EventType closing tag 11. Events closing tag Note: - DataType needs to be declared as “X2-Entity” for User entity and “91-Entity” for Resource or Organization entities. The dynamic entities supported for lookup are user, resource, and organization. Once notification event metadata is defined, need to be imported into MDS database. Fully qualified resolver class name need to be define for XML but do not need to load the class in OIM yet (it can be loaded later). 2. Coding the notification resolver All event owners have to provide a resolver class which would resolve the data dynamically at run time. Custom resolver class must implement the interface oracle.iam.notification.impl.NotificationEventResolver and override the implemented methods with actual implementation. It has 2 methods: S# Methods Descriptions 1. public List<NotificationAttribute> getAvailableData(String eventType, Map<String, Object> params); This API will return the list of available data variables. These variables will be available on the UI while creating/modifying the Templates and would let user select the variables so that they can be embedded as a token as part of the Messages on the template. These tokens are replaced by the value passed by the resolver class at run time. Available data is displayed in a list. The parameter "eventType" specifies the event Name for which template is to be read.The parameter "params" is the map which has the entity name and the corresponding value for which available data is to be fetched. Sample code snippet: List<NotificationAttribute> list = new ArrayList<NotificationAttribute>(); long objKey = (Long) params.get("resource"); //Form Field details based on Resource object key HashMap<String, Object> formFieldDetail = getObjectFormName(objKey); for (Iterator<?> itrd = formFieldDetail.entrySet().iterator(); itrd.hasNext(); ) { NotificationAttribute availableData = new NotificationAttribute(); Map.Entry formDetailEntrySet = (Entry<?, ?>)itrd.next(); String fieldLabel = (String)formDetailEntrySet.getValue(); availableData.setName(fieldLabel); list.add(availableData); } return list; 2. Public HashMap<String, Object> getReplacedData(String eventType, Map<String, Object> params); This API would return the resolved value of the variables present on the template at the runtime when notification is being sent. The parameter "eventType" specifies the event Name for which template is to be read.The parameter "params" is the map which has the base values such as usr_key, obj_key etc required by the resolver implementation to resolve the rest of the variables in the template. Sample code snippet: HashMap<String, Object> resolvedData = new HashMap<String, Object>();String firstName = getUserFirstname(params.get("usr_key"));resolvedData.put("fname", firstName); String lastName = getUserLastName(params.get("usr_key"));resolvedData.put("lname", lastname);resolvedData.put("count", "1 million");return resolvedData; This code must be deployed as per OIM 11g plug-in framework. The XML file defining the plug-in is as below: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <oimplugins xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <plugins pluginpoint="oracle.iam.notification.impl.NotificationEventResolver"> <plugin pluginclass= " com.iam.oim.demo.notification.DemoNotificationResolver" version="1.0" name="Sample Notification Resolver"/> </plugins> </oimplugins> 3. Defining the template To create a notification template: Log in to the Oracle Identity Administration Click the System Management tab and then click the Notification tab From the Actions list on the left pane, select Create On the Create page, enter values for the following fields under the Template Information section: Template Name: Demo template Description Text: Demo template Under the Event Details section, perform the following: From the Available Event list, select the event for which the notification template is to be created from a list of available events. Depending on your selection, other fields are displayed in the Event Details section. Note that the template Sample Notification Event created in the previous step being used as the notification event. The contents of the Available Data drop down are based on the event XML StaticData tag, the drop down basically lists all the attributes of the entities defined in that tag. Once you select an element in the drop down, it will show up in the Selected Data text field and then you can just copy it and paste it into either the message subject or the message body fields prefixing $ symbol. Example if list has attribute like First_Name then message body will contains this as $First_Name which resolver will parse and replace it with actual value at runtime. In the Resource field, select a resource from the lookup. This is the dynamic data defined by the Param DataType element in the XML definition. Based on selected resource getAvailableData method of resolver will be called to fetch the resource object attribute detail, if method is overridden with required implementation. For current scenario, Map<String, Object> params will get populated with object key as value and key as “resource” in the map. This is the only input will be provided to resolver at design time. You need to implement the further logic to fetch the object attributes detail to populate the available Data list. List string should not have space in between, if object attributes has space for attribute name then implement logic to replace the space with ‘_’ before populating the list. Example if attribute name is “First Name” then make it “First_Name” and populate the list. Space is not supported while you try to parse and replace the token at run time with real value. Make a note that the Available Data and Selected Data are used in the substitution tokens definition only, they do not define the final data that will be sent in the notification. OIM will invoke the resolver class to get the data and make the substitutions. Under the Locale Information section, enter values in the following fields: To specify a form of encoding, select either UTF-8 or ASCII. In the Message Subject field, enter a subject for the notification. From the Type options, select the data type in which you want to send the message. You can choose between HTML and Text/Plain. In the Short Message field, enter a gist of the message in very few words. In the Long Message field, enter the message that will be sent as the notification with Available data token which need to be replaced by resolver at runtime. After you have entered the required values in all the fields, click Save. A message is displayed confirming the creation of the notification template. Click OK 4. Triggering the event A notification event can be triggered from different places in OIM. The logic behind the triggering must be coded and plugged into OIM. Examples of triggering points for notifications: Event handlers: post process notifications for specific data updates in OIM users Process tasks: to notify the users that a provisioning task was executed by OIM Scheduled tasks: to notify something related to the task The scheduled job has two parameters: Template Name: defines the notification template to be sent User Login: defines the user record that will provide the data to be sent in the notification Sample Code Snippet: public void execute(String templateName , String userId) { try { NotificationService notService = Platform.getService(NotificationService.class); NotificationEvent eventToSend=this.createNotificationEvent(templateName,userId); notService.notify(eventToSend); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } private NotificationEvent createNotificationEvent(String poTemplateName, String poUserId) { NotificationEvent event = new NotificationEvent(); String[] receiverUserIds= { poUserId }; event.setUserIds(receiverUserIds); event.setTemplateName(poTemplateName); event.setSender(null); HashMap<String, Object> templateParams = new HashMap<String, Object>(); templateParams.put("USER_LOGIN",poUserId); event.setParams(templateParams); return event; } public HashMap getAttributes() { return null; } public void setAttributes() {} }

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Windows Azure Service Bus Splitter and Aggregator

- by Alan Smith

This article will cover basic implementations of the Splitter and Aggregator patterns using the Windows Azure Service Bus. The content will be included in the next release of the “Windows Azure Service Bus Developer Guide”, along with some other patterns I am working on. I’ve taken the pattern descriptions from the book “Enterprise Integration Patterns” by Gregor Hohpe. I bought a copy of the book in 2004, and recently dusted it off when I started to look at implementing the patterns on the Windows Azure Service Bus. Gregor has also presented an session in 2011 “Enterprise Integration Patterns: Past, Present and Future” which is well worth a look. I’ll be covering more patterns in the coming weeks, I’m currently working on Wire-Tap and Scatter-Gather. There will no doubt be a section on implementing these patterns in my “SOA, Connectivity and Integration using the Windows Azure Service Bus” course. There are a number of scenarios where a message needs to be divided into a number of sub messages, and also where a number of sub messages need to be combined to form one message. The splitter and aggregator patterns provide a definition of how this can be achieved. This section will focus on the implementation of basic splitter and aggregator patens using the Windows Azure Service Bus direct programming model. In BizTalk Server receive pipelines are typically used to implement the splitter patterns, with sequential convoy orchestrations often used to aggregate messages. In the current release of the Service Bus, there is no functionality in the direct programming model that implements these patterns, so it is up to the developer to implement them in the applications that send and receive messages. Splitter A message splitter takes a message and spits the message into a number of sub messages. As there are different scenarios for how a message can be split into sub messages, message splitters are implemented using different algorithms. The Enterprise Integration Patterns book describes the splatter pattern as follows: How can we process a message if it contains multiple elements, each of which may have to be processed in a different way? Use a Splitter to break out the composite message into a series of individual messages, each containing data related to one item. The Enterprise Integration Patterns website provides a description of the Splitter pattern here. In some scenarios a batch message could be split into the sub messages that are contained in the batch. The splitting of a message could be based on the message type of sub-message, or the trading partner that the sub message is to be sent to. Aggregator An aggregator takes a stream or related messages and combines them together to form one message. The Enterprise Integration Patterns book describes the aggregator pattern as follows: How do we combine the results of individual, but related messages so that they can be processed as a whole? Use a stateful filter, an Aggregator, to collect and store individual messages until a complete set of related messages has been received. Then, the Aggregator publishes a single message distilled from the individual messages. The Enterprise Integration Patterns website provides a description of the Aggregator pattern here. A common example of the need for an aggregator is in scenarios where a stream of messages needs to be combined into a daily batch to be sent to a legacy line-of-business application. The BizTalk Server EDI functionality provides support for batching messages in this way using a sequential convoy orchestration. Scenario The scenario for this implementation of the splitter and aggregator patterns is the sending and receiving of large messages using a Service Bus queue. In the current release, the Windows Azure Service Bus currently supports a maximum message size of 256 KB, with a maximum header size of 64 KB. This leaves a safe maximum body size of 192 KB. The BrokeredMessage class will support messages larger than 256 KB; in fact the Size property is of type long, implying that very large messages may be supported at some point in the future. The 256 KB size restriction is set in the service bus components that are deployed in the Windows Azure data centers. One of the ways of working around this size restriction is to split large messages into a sequence of smaller sub messages in the sending application, send them via a queue, and then reassemble them in the receiving application. This scenario will be used to demonstrate the pattern implementations. Implementation The splitter and aggregator will be used to provide functionality to send and receive large messages over the Windows Azure Service Bus. In order to make the implementations generic and reusable they will be implemented as a class library. The splitter will be implemented in the LargeMessageSender class and the aggregator in the LargeMessageReceiver class. A class diagram showing the two classes is shown below. Implementing the Splitter The splitter will take a large brokered message, and split the messages into a sequence of smaller sub-messages that can be transmitted over the service bus messaging entities. The LargeMessageSender class provides a Send method that takes a large brokered message as a parameter. The implementation of the class is shown below; console output has been added to provide details of the splitting operation. public class LargeMessageSender { private static int SubMessageBodySize = 192 * 1024; private QueueClient m_QueueClient; public LargeMessageSender(QueueClient queueClient) { m_QueueClient = queueClient; } public void Send(BrokeredMessage message) { // Calculate the number of sub messages required. long messageBodySize = message.Size; int nrSubMessages = (int)(messageBodySize / SubMessageBodySize); if (messageBodySize % SubMessageBodySize != 0) { nrSubMessages++; } // Create a unique session Id. string sessionId = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(); Console.WriteLine("Message session Id: " + sessionId); Console.Write("Sending {0} sub-messages", nrSubMessages); Stream bodyStream = message.GetBody<Stream>(); for (int streamOffest = 0; streamOffest < messageBodySize; streamOffest += SubMessageBodySize) { // Get the stream chunk from the large message long arraySize = (messageBodySize - streamOffest) > SubMessageBodySize ? SubMessageBodySize : messageBodySize - streamOffest; byte[] subMessageBytes = new byte[arraySize]; int result = bodyStream.Read(subMessageBytes, 0, (int)arraySize); MemoryStream subMessageStream = new MemoryStream(subMessageBytes); // Create a new message BrokeredMessage subMessage = new BrokeredMessage(subMessageStream, true); subMessage.SessionId = sessionId; // Send the message m_QueueClient.Send(subMessage); Console.Write("."); } Console.WriteLine("Done!"); }} The LargeMessageSender class is initialized with a QueueClient that is created by the sending application. When the large message is sent, the number of sub messages is calculated based on the size of the body of the large message. A unique session Id is created to allow the sub messages to be sent as a message session, this session Id will be used for correlation in the aggregator. A for loop in then used to create the sequence of sub messages by creating chunks of data from the stream of the large message. The sub messages are then sent to the queue using the QueueClient. As sessions are used to correlate the messages, the queue used for message exchange must be created with the RequiresSession property set to true. Implementing the Aggregator The aggregator will receive the sub messages in the message session that was created by the splitter, and combine them to form a single, large message. The aggregator is implemented in the LargeMessageReceiver class, with a Receive method that returns a BrokeredMessage. The implementation of the class is shown below; console output has been added to provide details of the splitting operation. public class LargeMessageReceiver { private QueueClient m_QueueClient; public LargeMessageReceiver(QueueClient queueClient) { m_QueueClient = queueClient; } public BrokeredMessage Receive() { // Create a memory stream to store the large message body. MemoryStream largeMessageStream = new MemoryStream(); // Accept a message session from the queue. MessageSession session = m_QueueClient.AcceptMessageSession(); Console.WriteLine("Message session Id: " + session.SessionId); Console.Write("Receiving sub messages"); while (true) { // Receive a sub message BrokeredMessage subMessage = session.Receive(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5)); if (subMessage != null) { // Copy the sub message body to the large message stream. Stream subMessageStream = subMessage.GetBody<Stream>(); subMessageStream.CopyTo(largeMessageStream); // Mark the message as complete. subMessage.Complete(); Console.Write("."); } else { // The last message in the sequence is our completeness criteria. Console.WriteLine("Done!"); break; } } // Create an aggregated message from the large message stream. BrokeredMessage largeMessage = new BrokeredMessage(largeMessageStream, true); return largeMessage; } } The LargeMessageReceiver initialized using a QueueClient that is created by the receiving application. The receive method creates a memory stream that will be used to aggregate the large message body. The AcceptMessageSession method on the QueueClient is then called, which will wait for the first message in a message session to become available on the queue. As the AcceptMessageSession can throw a timeout exception if no message is available on the queue after 60 seconds, a real-world implementation should handle this accordingly. Once the message session as accepted, the sub messages in the session are received, and their message body streams copied to the memory stream. Once all the messages have been received, the memory stream is used to create a large message, that is then returned to the receiving application. Testing the Implementation The splitter and aggregator are tested by creating a message sender and message receiver application. The payload for the large message will be one of the webcast video files from http://www.cloudcasts.net/, the file size is 9,697 KB, well over the 256 KB threshold imposed by the Service Bus. As the splitter and aggregator are implemented in a separate class library, the code used in the sender and receiver console is fairly basic. The implementation of the main method of the sending application is shown below. static void Main(string[] args) { // Create a token provider with the relevant credentials. TokenProvider credentials = TokenProvider.CreateSharedSecretTokenProvider (AccountDetails.Name, AccountDetails.Key); // Create a URI for the serivce bus. Uri serviceBusUri = ServiceBusEnvironment.CreateServiceUri ("sb", AccountDetails.Namespace, string.Empty); // Create the MessagingFactory MessagingFactory factory = MessagingFactory.Create(serviceBusUri, credentials); // Use the MessagingFactory to create a queue client QueueClient queueClient = factory.CreateQueueClient(AccountDetails.QueueName); // Open the input file. FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(AccountDetails.TestFile, FileMode.Open); // Create a BrokeredMessage for the file. BrokeredMessage largeMessage = new BrokeredMessage(fileStream, true); Console.WriteLine("Sending: " + AccountDetails.TestFile); Console.WriteLine("Message body size: " + largeMessage.Size); Console.WriteLine(); // Send the message with a LargeMessageSender LargeMessageSender sender = new LargeMessageSender(queueClient); sender.Send(largeMessage); // Close the messaging facory. factory.Close(); } The implementation of the main method of the receiving application is shown below. static void Main(string[] args) { // Create a token provider with the relevant credentials. TokenProvider credentials = TokenProvider.CreateSharedSecretTokenProvider (AccountDetails.Name, AccountDetails.Key); // Create a URI for the serivce bus. Uri serviceBusUri = ServiceBusEnvironment.CreateServiceUri ("sb", AccountDetails.Namespace, string.Empty); // Create the MessagingFactory MessagingFactory factory = MessagingFactory.Create(serviceBusUri, credentials); // Use the MessagingFactory to create a queue client QueueClient queueClient = factory.CreateQueueClient(AccountDetails.QueueName); // Create a LargeMessageReceiver and receive the message. LargeMessageReceiver receiver = new LargeMessageReceiver(queueClient); BrokeredMessage largeMessage = receiver.Receive(); Console.WriteLine("Received message"); Console.WriteLine("Message body size: " + largeMessage.Size); string testFile = AccountDetails.TestFile.Replace(@"\In\", @"\Out\"); Console.WriteLine("Saving file: " + testFile); // Save the message body as a file. Stream largeMessageStream = largeMessage.GetBody<Stream>(); largeMessageStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin); FileStream fileOut = new FileStream(testFile, FileMode.Create); largeMessageStream.CopyTo(fileOut); fileOut.Close(); Console.WriteLine("Done!"); } In order to test the application, the sending application is executed, which will use the LargeMessageSender class to split the message and place it on the queue. The output of the sender console is shown below. The console shows that the body size of the large message was 9,929,365 bytes, and the message was sent as a sequence of 51 sub messages. When the receiving application is executed the results are shown below. The console application shows that the aggregator has received the 51 messages from the message sequence that was creating in the sending application. The messages have been aggregated to form a massage with a body of 9,929,365 bytes, which is the same as the original large message. The message body is then saved as a file. Improvements to the Implementation The splitter and aggregator patterns in this implementation were created in order to show the usage of the patterns in a demo, which they do quite well. When implementing these patterns in a real-world scenario there are a number of improvements that could be made to the design. Copying Message Header Properties When sending a large message using these classes, it would be great if the message header properties in the message that was received were copied from the message that was sent. The sending application may well add information to the message context that will be required in the receiving application. When the sub messages are created in the splitter, the header properties in the first message could be set to the values in the original large message. The aggregator could then used the values from this first sub message to set the properties in the message header of the large message during the aggregation process. Using Asynchronous Methods The current implementation uses the synchronous send and receive methods of the QueueClient class. It would be much more performant to use the asynchronous methods, however doing so may well affect the sequence in which the sub messages are enqueued, which would require the implementation of a resequencer in the aggregator to restore the correct message sequence. Handling Exceptions In order to keep the code readable no exception handling was added to the implementations. In a real-world scenario exceptions should be handled accordingly.

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AngularJS on top of ASP.NET: Moving the MVC framework out to the browser

- by Varun Chatterji

Heavily drawing inspiration from Ruby on Rails, MVC4’s convention over configuration model of development soon became the Holy Grail of .NET web development. The MVC model brought with it the goodness of proper separation of concerns between business logic, data, and the presentation logic. However, the MVC paradigm, was still one in which server side .NET code could be mixed with presentation code. The Razor templating engine, though cleaner than its predecessors, still encouraged and allowed you to mix .NET server side code with presentation logic. Thus, for example, if the developer required a certain <div> tag to be shown if a particular variable ShowDiv was true in the View’s model, the code could look like the following: Fig 1: To show a div or not. Server side .NET code is used in the View Mixing .NET code with HTML in views can soon get very messy. Wouldn’t it be nice if the presentation layer (HTML) could be pure HTML? Also, in the ASP.NET MVC model, some of the business logic invariably resides in the controller. It is tempting to use an antipattern like the one shown above to control whether a div should be shown or not. However, best practice would indicate that the Controller should not be aware of the div. The ShowDiv variable in the model should not exist. A controller should ideally, only be used to do the plumbing of getting the data populated in the model and nothing else. The view (ideally pure HTML) should render the presentation layer based on the model. In this article we will see how Angular JS, a new JavaScript framework by Google can be used effectively to build web applications where: 1. Views are pure HTML 2. Controllers (in the server sense) are pure REST based API calls 3. The presentation layer is loaded as needed from partial HTML only files. What is MVVM? MVVM short for Model View View Model is a new paradigm in web development. In this paradigm, the Model and View stuff exists on the client side through javascript instead of being processed on the server through postbacks. These frameworks are JavaScript frameworks that facilitate the clear separation of the “frontend” or the data rendering logic from the “backend” which is typically just a REST based API that loads and processes data through a resource model. The frameworks are called MVVM as a change to the Model (through javascript) gets reflected in the view immediately i.e. Model > View. Also, a change on the view (through manual input) gets reflected in the model immediately i.e. View > Model. The following figure shows this conceptually (comments are shown in red): Fig 2: Demonstration of MVVM in action In Fig 2, two text boxes are bound to the same variable model.myInt. Thus, changing the view manually (changing one text box through keyboard input) also changes the other textbox in real time demonstrating V > M property of a MVVM framework. Furthermore, clicking the button adds 1 to the value of model.myInt thus changing the model through JavaScript. This immediately updates the view (the value in the two textboxes) thus demonstrating the M > V property of a MVVM framework. Thus we see that the model in a MVVM JavaScript framework can be regarded as “the single source of truth“. This is an important concept. Angular is one such MVVM framework. We shall use it to build a simple app that sends SMS messages to a particular number. Application, Routes, Views, Controllers, Scope and Models Angular can be used in many ways to construct web applications. For this article, we shall only focus on building Single Page Applications (SPAs). Many of the approaches we will follow in this article have alternatives. It is beyond the scope of this article to explain every nuance in detail but we shall try to touch upon the basic concepts and end up with a working application that can be used to send SMS messages using Sent.ly Plus (a service that is itself built using Angular). Before you read on, we would like to urge you to forget what you know about Models, Views, Controllers and Routes in the ASP.NET MVC4 framework. All these words have different meanings in the Angular world. Whenever these words are used in this article, they will refer to Angular concepts and not ASP.NET MVC4 concepts. The following figure shows the skeleton of the root page of an SPA: Fig 3: The skeleton of a SPA The skeleton of the application is based on the Bootstrap starter template which can be found at: http://getbootstrap.com/examples/startertemplate/ Apart from loading the Angular, jQuery and Bootstrap JavaScript libraries, it also loads our custom scripts /app/js/controllers.js /app/js/app.js These scripts define the routes, views and controllers which we shall come to in a moment. Application Notice that the body tag (Fig. 3) has an extra attribute: ngapp=”smsApp” Providing this tag “bootstraps” our single page application. It tells Angular to load a “module” called smsApp. This “module” is defined /app/js/app.js angular.module('smsApp', ['smsApp.controllers', function () {}]) Fig 4: The definition of our application module The line shows above, declares a module called smsApp. It also declares that this module “depends” on another module called “smsApp.controllers”. The smsApp.controllers module will contain all the controllers for our SPA. Routing and Views Notice that in the Navbar (in Fig 3) we have included two hyperlinks to: “#/app” “#/help” This is how Angular handles routing. Since the URLs start with “#”, they are actually just bookmarks (and not server side resources). However, our route definition (in /app/js/app.js) gives these URLs a special meaning within the Angular framework. angular.module('smsApp', ['smsApp.controllers', function () { }]) //Configure the routes .config(['$routeProvider', function ($routeProvider) { $routeProvider.when('/binding', { templateUrl: '/app/partials/bindingexample.html', controller: 'BindingController' }); }]); Fig 5: The definition of a route with an associated partial view and controller As we can see from the previous code sample, we are using the $routeProvider object in the configuration of our smsApp module. Notice how the code “asks for” the $routeProvider object by specifying it as a dependency in the [] braces and then defining a function that accepts it as a parameter. This is known as dependency injection. Please refer to the following link if you want to delve into this topic: http://docs.angularjs.org/guide/di What the above code snippet is doing is that it is telling Angular that when the URL is “#/binding”, then it should load the HTML snippet (“partial view”) found at /app/partials/bindingexample.html. Also, for this URL, Angular should load the controller called “BindingController”. We have also marked the div with the class “container” (in Fig 3) with the ngview attribute. This attribute tells Angular that views (partial HTML pages) defined in the routes will be loaded within this div. You can see that the Angular JavaScript framework, unlike many other frameworks, works purely by extending HTML tags and attributes. It also allows you to extend HTML with your own tags and attributes (through directives) if you so desire, you can find out more about directives at the following URL: http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/607873/ExtendingHTMLwithAngularJSDirectives Controllers and Models We have seen how we define what views and controllers should be loaded for a particular route. Let us now consider how controllers are defined. Our controllers are defined in the file /app/js/controllers.js. The following snippet shows the definition of the “BindingController” which is loaded when we hit the URL http://localhost:port/index.html#/binding (as we have defined in the route earlier as shown in Fig 5). Remember that we had defined that our application module “smsApp” depends on the “smsApp.controllers” module (see Fig 4). The code snippet below shows how the “BindingController” defined in the route shown in Fig 5 is defined in the module smsApp.controllers: angular.module('smsApp.controllers', [function () { }]) .controller('BindingController', ['$scope', function ($scope) { $scope.model = {}; $scope.model.myInt = 6; $scope.addOne = function () { $scope.model.myInt++; } }]); Fig 6: The definition of a controller in the “smsApp.controllers” module. The pieces are falling in place! Remember Fig.2? That was the code of a partial view that was loaded within the container div of the skeleton SPA shown in Fig 3. The route definition shown in Fig 5 also defined that the controller called “BindingController” (shown in Fig 6.) was loaded when we loaded the URL: http://localhost:22544/index.html#/binding The button in Fig 2 was marked with the attribute ngclick=”addOne()” which added 1 to the value of model.myInt. In Fig 6, we can see that this function is actually defined in the “BindingController”. Scope We can see from Fig 6, that in the definition of “BindingController”, we defined a dependency on $scope and then, as usual, defined a function which “asks for” $scope as per the dependency injection pattern. So what is $scope? Any guesses? As you might have guessed a scope is a particular “address space” where variables and functions may be defined. This has a similar meaning to scope in a programming language like C#. Model: The Scope is not the Model It is tempting to assign variables in the scope directly. For example, we could have defined myInt as $scope.myInt = 6 in Fig 6 instead of $scope.model.myInt = 6. The reason why this is a bad idea is that scope in hierarchical in Angular. Thus if we were to define a controller which was defined within the another controller (nested controllers), then the inner controller would inherit the scope of the parent controller. This inheritance would follow JavaScript prototypal inheritance. Let’s say the parent controller defined a variable through $scope.myInt = 6. The child controller would inherit the scope through java prototypical inheritance. This basically means that the child scope has a variable myInt that points to the parent scopes myInt variable. Now if we assigned the value of myInt in the parent, the child scope would be updated with the same value as the child scope’s myInt variable points to the parent scope’s myInt variable. However, if we were to assign the value of the myInt variable in the child scope, then the link of that variable to the parent scope would be broken as the variable myInt in the child scope now points to the value 6 and not to the parent scope’s myInt variable. But, if we defined a variable model in the parent scope, then the child scope will also have a variable model that points to the model variable in the parent scope. Updating the value of $scope.model.myInt in the parent scope would change the model variable in the child scope too as the variable is pointed to the model variable in the parent scope. Now changing the value of $scope.model.myInt in the child scope would ALSO change the value in the parent scope. This is because the model reference in the child scope is pointed to the scope variable in the parent. We did no new assignment to the model variable in the child scope. We only changed an attribute of the model variable. Since the model variable (in the child scope) points to the model variable in the parent scope, we have successfully changed the value of myInt in the parent scope. Thus the value of $scope.model.myInt in the parent scope becomes the “single source of truth“. This is a tricky concept, thus it is considered good practice to NOT use scope inheritance. More info on prototypal inheritance in Angular can be found in the “JavaScript Prototypal Inheritance” section at the following URL: https://github.com/angular/angular.js/wiki/UnderstandingScopes. Building It: An Angular JS application using a .NET Web API Backend Now that we have a perspective on the basic components of an MVVM application built using Angular, let’s build something useful. We will build an application that can be used to send out SMS messages to a given phone number. The following diagram describes the architecture of the application we are going to build: Fig 7: Broad application architecture We are going to add an HTML Partial to our project. This partial will contain the form fields that will accept the phone number and message that needs to be sent as an SMS. It will also display all the messages that have previously been sent. All the executable code that is run on the occurrence of events (button clicks etc.) in the view resides in the controller. The controller interacts with the ASP.NET WebAPI to get a history of SMS messages, add a message etc. through a REST based API. For the purposes of simplicity, we will use an in memory data structure for the purposes of creating this application. Thus, the tasks ahead of us are: Creating the REST WebApi with GET, PUT, POST, DELETE methods. Creating the SmsView.html partial Creating the SmsController controller with methods that are called from the SmsView.html partial Add a new route that loads the controller and the partial. 1. Creating the REST WebAPI This is a simple task that should be quite straightforward to any .NET developer. The following listing shows our ApiController: public class SmsMessage { public string to { get; set; } public string message { get; set; } } public class SmsResource : SmsMessage { public int smsId { get; set; } } public class SmsResourceController : ApiController { public static Dictionary<int, SmsResource> messages = new Dictionary<int, SmsResource>(); public static int currentId = 0; // GET api/<controller> public List<SmsResource> Get() { List<SmsResource> result = new List<SmsResource>(); foreach (int key in messages.Keys) { result.Add(messages[key]); } return result; } // GET api/<controller>/5 public SmsResource Get(int id) { if (messages.ContainsKey(id)) return messages[id]; return null; } // POST api/<controller> public List<SmsResource> Post([FromBody] SmsMessage value) { //Synchronize on messages so we don't have id collisions lock (messages) { SmsResource res = (SmsResource) value; res.smsId = currentId++; messages.Add(res.smsId, res); //SentlyPlusSmsSender.SendMessage(value.to, value.message); return Get(); } } // PUT api/<controller>/5 public List<SmsResource> Put(int id, [FromBody] SmsMessage value) { //Synchronize on messages so we don't have id collisions lock (messages) { if (messages.ContainsKey(id)) { //Update the message messages[id].message = value.message; messages[id].to = value.message; } return Get(); } } // DELETE api/<controller>/5 public List<SmsResource> Delete(int id) { if (messages.ContainsKey(id)) { messages.Remove(id); } return Get(); } } Once this class is defined, we should be able to access the WebAPI by a simple GET request using the browser: http://localhost:port/api/SmsResource Notice the commented line: //SentlyPlusSmsSender.SendMessage The SentlyPlusSmsSender class is defined in the attached solution. We have shown this line as commented as we want to explain the core Angular concepts. If you load the attached solution, this line is uncommented in the source and an actual SMS will be sent! By default, the API returns XML. For consumption of the API in Angular, we would like it to return JSON. To change the default to JSON, we make the following change to WebApiConfig.cs file located in the App_Start folder. public static class WebApiConfig { public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config) { config.Routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "DefaultApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); var appXmlType = config.Formatters.XmlFormatter. SupportedMediaTypes. FirstOrDefault( t => t.MediaType == "application/xml"); config.Formatters.XmlFormatter.SupportedMediaTypes.Remove(appXmlType); } } We now have our backend REST Api which we can consume from Angular! 2. Creating the SmsView.html partial This simple partial will define two fields: the destination phone number (international format starting with a +) and the message. These fields will be bound to model.phoneNumber and model.message. We will also add a button that we shall hook up to sendMessage() in the controller. A list of all previously sent messages (bound to model.allMessages) will also be displayed below the form input. The following code shows the code for the partial:  <div class="well" style="margin-top: 30px;"> <table style="width: 100%;"> <tr> <td style="width: 45%; text-align: center;"> <input type="text" placeholder="Phone number (eg; +44 7778 609466)" ng-model="model.phoneNumber" class="form-control" style="width: 90%" onkeypress="return checkPhoneInput();" /> </td> <td style="width: 45%; text-align: center;"> <input type="text" placeholder="Message" ng-model="model.message" class="form-control" style="width: 90%" /> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"> <button class="btn btn-danger" ng-click="sendMessage();" ng-disabled="model.isAjaxInProgress" style="marginright: 5px;">Send</button> <img src="/Content/ajax-loader.gif" ng-show="model.isAjaxInProgress" /> </td> </tr> </table> </div>  <div style="margin-top: 30px;">  <div ng-show="model.allMessages.length == 0"> No messages have been sent yet! </div>  <div ng-show="model.allMessages.length == 0"> <table style="width: 100%;" class="table table-striped"> <tr> <td>Phone Number</td> <td>Message</td> <td></td> </tr>  <tr ng-repeat="message in model.allMessages"> <td>{{ message.to }}</td> <td>{{ message.message }}</td> <td> <button class="btn btn-danger" ng-click="delete(message.smsId);" ng-disabled="model.isAjaxInProgress">Delete</button> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> The above code is commented and should be self explanatory. Conditional rendering is achieved through using the ng-show=”condition” attribute on various div tags. Input fields are bound to the model and the send button is bound to the sendMessage() function in the controller as through the ngclick=”sendMessage()” attribute defined on the button tag. While AJAX calls are taking place, the controller sets model.isAjaxInProgress to true. Based on this variable, buttons are disabled through the ng-disabled directive which is added as an attribute to the buttons. The ng-repeat directive added as an attribute to the tr tag causes the table row to be rendered multiple times much like an ASP.NET repeater. 3. Creating the SmsController controller The penultimate piece of our application is the controller which responds to events from our view and interacts with our MVC4 REST WebAPI. The following listing shows the code we need to add to /app/js/controllers.js. Note that controller definitions can be chained. Also note that this controller “asks for” the $http service. The $http service is a simple way in Angular to do AJAX. So far we have only encountered modules, controllers, views and directives in Angular. The $http is new entity in Angular called a service. More information on Angular services can be found at the following URL: http://docs.angularjs.org/guide/dev_guide.services.understanding_services. .controller('SmsController', ['$scope', '$http', function ($scope, $http) { //We define the model $scope.model = {}; //We define the allMessages array in the model //that will contain all the messages sent so far $scope.model.allMessages = []; //The error if any $scope.model.errorMessage = undefined; //We initially load data so set the isAjaxInProgress = true; $scope.model.isAjaxInProgress = true; //Load all the messages $http({ url: '/api/smsresource', method: "GET" }). success(function (data, status, headers, config) { this callback will be called asynchronously //when the response is available $scope.model.allMessages = data; //We are done with AJAX loading $scope.model.isAjaxInProgress = false; }). error(function (data, status, headers, config) { //called asynchronously if an error occurs //or server returns response with an error status. $scope.model.errorMessage = "Error occurred status:" + status; //We are done with AJAX loading $scope.model.isAjaxInProgress = false; }); $scope.delete = function (id) { //We are making an ajax call so we set this to true $scope.model.isAjaxInProgress = true; $http({ url: '/api/smsresource/' + id, method: "DELETE" }). success(function (data, status, headers, config) { // this callback will be called asynchronously // when the response is available $scope.model.allMessages = data; //We are done with AJAX loading $scope.model.isAjaxInProgress = false; }); error(function (data, status, headers, config) { // called asynchronously if an error occurs // or server returns response with an error status. $scope.model.errorMessage = "Error occurred status:" + status; //We are done with AJAX loading $scope.model.isAjaxInProgress = false; }); } $scope.sendMessage = function () { $scope.model.errorMessage = undefined; var message = ''; if($scope.model.message != undefined) message = $scope.model.message.trim(); if ($scope.model.phoneNumber == undefined || $scope.model.phoneNumber == '' || $scope.model.phoneNumber.length < 10 || $scope.model.phoneNumber[0] != '+') { $scope.model.errorMessage = "You must enter a valid phone number in international format. Eg: +44 7778 609466"; return; } if (message.length == 0) { $scope.model.errorMessage = "You must specify a message!"; return; } //We are making an ajax call so we set this to true $scope.model.isAjaxInProgress = true; $http({ url: '/api/smsresource', method: "POST", data: { to: $scope.model.phoneNumber, message: $scope.model.message } }). success(function (data, status, headers, config) { // this callback will be called asynchronously // when the response is available $scope.model.allMessages = data; //We are done with AJAX loading $scope.model.isAjaxInProgress = false; }). error(function (data, status, headers, config) { // called asynchronously if an error occurs // or server returns response with an error status. $scope.model.errorMessage = "Error occurred status:" + status // We are done with AJAX loading $scope.model.isAjaxInProgress = false; }); } }]); We can see from the previous listing how the functions that are called from the view are defined in the controller. It should also be evident how easy it is to make AJAX calls to consume our MVC4 REST WebAPI. Now we are left with the final piece. We need to define a route that associates a particular path with the view we have defined and the controller we have defined. 4. Add a new route that loads the controller and the partial This is the easiest part of the puzzle. We simply define another route in the /app/js/app.js file: $routeProvider.when('/sms', { templateUrl: '/app/partials/smsview.html', controller: 'SmsController' }); Conclusion In this article we have seen how much of the server side functionality in the MVC4 framework can be moved to the browser thus delivering a snappy and fast user interface. We have seen how we can build client side HTML only views that avoid the messy syntax offered by server side Razor views. We have built a functioning app from the ground up. The significant advantage of this approach to building web apps is that the front end can be completely platform independent. Even though we used ASP.NET to create our REST API, we could just easily have used any other language such as Node.js, Ruby etc without changing a single line of our front end code. Angular is a rich framework and we have only touched on basic functionality required to create a SPA. For readers who wish to delve further into the Angular framework, we would recommend the following URL as a starting point: http://docs.angularjs.org/misc/started. To get started with the code for this project: Sign up for an account at http://plus.sent.ly (free) Add your phone number Go to the “My Identies Page” Note Down your Sender ID, Consumer Key and Consumer Secret Download the code for this article at: https://docs.google.com/file/d/0BzjEWqSE31yoZjZlV0d0R2Y3eW8/edit?usp=sharing Change the values of Sender Id, Consumer Key and Consumer Secret in the web.config file Run the project through Visual Studio!

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How to set up email alias in exchange 2010

- by Rothgar

I have a couple users who need multiple email addresses (alias) forwarded to their accounts but setting up a separate user and forwarding the email is showing the email to the users main address instead of the aliased email. For example, here is what I need: [email protected] is the users email address but they also need to receive emails sent to [email protected], and [email protected]. When the emails are sent to the other two email addresses I want them to be forwarded to the user and showing that it was sent to the redundancy email address and not john.doe because the user needs to be able to filter these emails as well as reply from the redundancy department email address. How can I set up alias' in exchange 2010 to work this way? Thanks

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Is there anyway to get the cyberphunks pidgin OTR plugin to be less verbose?

- by Matt

Is there anyway to get the cyberphunk piding OTR plugin to be less verbose? Sometimes I get hundreds of lines notifying me of the same thing... (6:40:56 PM) OTR Error: You sent encrypted data to anoynmous, who wasn't expecting it. (6:40:57 PM) Successfully refreshed the unverified conversation with [email protected]/Gaim939DD745. (6:40:57 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (6:40:57 PM) Error setting up private conversation: Malformed message received (6:40:58 PM) OTR Error: You sent encrypted data to anoynmous, who wasn't expecting it. (6:40:58 PM) Successfully refreshed the unverified conversation with [email protected]/Gaim939DD745. (6:40:58 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (6:40:59 PM) Error setting up private conversation: Malformed message received (6:40:59 PM) OTR Error: You sent encrypted data to anoynmous, who wasn't expecting it. (6:41:00 PM) Successfully refreshed the unverified conversation with [email protected]/Gaim939DD745. (6:41:00 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (6:41:00 PM) Error setting up private conversation: Malformed message received (6:41:01 PM) OTR Error: You sent encrypted data to anoynmous, who wasn't expecting it. (6:41:01 PM) Attempting to refresh the private conversation with [email protected]/Gaim939DD745... (6:41:01 PM) Successfully refreshed the unverified conversation with [email protected]/Gaim939DD745. (6:41:01 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (6:41:02 PM) OTR Error: You transmitted an unreadable encrypted message. (6:41:02 PM) Error setting up private conversation: Malformed message received (6:41:02 PM) OTR Error: You sent encrypted data to anoynmous, who wasn't expecting it. (6:41:02 PM) Successfully refreshed the unverified conversation with [email protected]/Gaim939DD745. (6:41:02 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (6:41:03 PM) Error setting up private conversation: Malformed message received (6:41:03 PM) OTR Error: You transmitted an unreadable encrypted message. (6:41:03 PM) Successfully refreshed the unverified conversation with [email protected]/Gaim939DD745. (6:41:03 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (6:41:03 PM) OTR Error: You sent encrypted data to anoynmous, who wasn't expecting it. (6:41:04 PM) Error setting up private conversation: Malformed message received (6:41:09 PM) Attempting to refresh the private conversation with [email protected]/Adium39B22966... (6:41:11 PM) Unverified conversation with [email protected]/Adium39B22966 started. (6:41:11 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (6:41:11 PM) OTR Error: You transmitted an unreadable encrypted message. **(6:41:16 PM) Anonymous: yea** (6:41:20 PM) [email protected]/91A31EC5: yarrr (**6:41:25 PM) Anonymous: sup? (6:41:29 PM) [email protected]/91A31EC5: nothing (6:41:33 PM) [email protected]/91A31EC5: just speaking like a pirate (6:41:51 PM) Anonymous: word (7:13:47 PM) Anonymous: how late you workin? (9:18:12 PM) [email protected]/91A31EC5: not too late** (9:18:13 PM) OTR Error: You transmitted an unreadable encrypted message. (9:18:13 PM) Unverified conversation with [email protected]/Gaim939DD745 started. (9:18:13 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (9:18:14 PM) Error setting up private conversation: Malformed message received (9:18:14 PM) OTR Error: You transmitted an unreadable encrypted message. (9:18:14 PM) Unverified conversation with [email protected]/Adium39B22966 started. (9:18:14 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (9:18:15 PM) OTR Error: You transmitted an unreadable encrypted message. (9:18:15 PM) Unverified conversation with [email protected]/Gaim939DD745 started. (9:18:15 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (9:18:15 PM) OTR Error: You transmitted an unreadable encrypted message. (9:18:16 PM) Successfully refreshed the unverified conversation with [email protected]/Gaim939DD745. (9:18:16 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (9:18:16 PM) OTR Error: You transmitted an unreadable encrypted message. (9:18:17 PM) Successfully refreshed the unverified conversation with [email protected]/Gaim939DD745. (9:18:17 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (9:18:17 PM) OTR Error: You transmitted an unreadable encrypted message. (9:18:18 PM) Successfully refreshed the unverified conversation with [email protected]/Gaim939DD745. (9:18:18 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (9:18:18 PM) OTR Error: You transmitted an unreadable encrypted message. (9:18:19 PM) Unverified conversation with [email protected]/Adium39B22966 started. (9:18:19 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (9:18:19 PM) OTR Error: You transmitted an unreadable encrypted message. (9:18:20 PM) Successfully refreshed the unverified conversation with [email protected]/Adium39B22966. (9:18:20 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (9:18:20 PM) OTR Error: You transmitted an unreadable encrypted message. (9:18:20 PM) Attempting to refresh the private conversation with [email protected]/Gaim939DD745... (9:18:21 PM) Unverified conversation with [email protected]/Gaim939DD745 started. (9:18:21 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (9:18:21 PM) OTR Error: You transmitted an unreadable encrypted message. (9:18:21 PM) OTR Error: You transmitted an unreadable encrypted message. (9:18:21 PM) Successfully refreshed the unverified conversation with [email protected]/Gaim939DD745. (9:18:21 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (9:18:21 PM) OTR Error: You transmitted an unreadable encrypted message. (9:18:22 PM) We received an unreadable encrypted message from [email protected]. (9:18:23 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent. (9:18:24 PM) OTR Error: You transmitted an unreadable encrypted message. (9:18:25 PM) We received an unreadable encrypted message from [email protected]. (9:18:26 PM) Unverified conversation with [email protected]/Adium39B22966 started. (9:18:26 PM) The last message to [email protected] was resent.

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Conversation based grouping in Outlook similar to gmail?

- by aaronls

I'm stuck using my employer's Outlook 2007 system for work email and don't have the option to forward to my gmail account. The only thing I really miss alot from gmail is the threaded conversations which allow me to easily see what I have sent as replies and follow the entire string of emails easily. I have seen suggestions of using adding the conversation column in outlook, but if you sort by conversation then the most recent emails are not at the top, and additionally you still do not see emails you have sent because they are in the seperate sent folder. Any ideas on how I can get more thread like organization of my emails in outlook?

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Sendmail Issue - Local Mail / Inner Domain Mail

- by ngl5000

Environments: Ubuntu / Sendmail / Google Apps Emailing: I send and receive all of my emails through google apps besides emails that are sent directly from my website. My Web Domain: example.com (for the purpose of the question only) Problem: When my website sends an email, using sendmail, to any local address ([email protected]) I get an unknown user error. Emails sent to other domains seem to work just fine. Question: I believe this is because I don't have these users defined on my ubuntu server, this is besides the point I need to configure sendmail such that it doesn't pick out local emails sent to ([email protected]) and instead finds their name server which points to google apps and sends it there instead. This is my first try at serverfault, I normally use stackoverflow so let me know if I'm messing up! Thank you!

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How to view all connections through Router

- by Anton8000

So what I need to know is how find out who has been visiting what websites when through the router. It is similar to being able to History on browsers, but people can clear their history, or use Incognito mode. However, surely any data would be sent through the router so even if the person did clear their history or use incognito mode, you would be able to see what they had sent through the router, and what the internet had sent back. Is there any way to view all the connections that the router manages, and store all the data that it sends and receives and put them into, for example, a log file so I could view which computer had viewed what website at what time?

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Exim forwards not going out through TLS

- by Blake

I'm trying to get Exim to use STARTTLS to send emails that are just FORWARDS. I have a server accepting email at example-accepting.com for users. So I want [email protected] to forward all email to [email protected]. If I do this from the command like on example-accepting.com... echo "test" | mail -s "ssl/tls test" [email protected] Success!! Sent via TLS BUT, if I send an email to [email protected] the forward fails, it's NOT being sent via TLS. I've tried both forwarding the email via /etc/aliases and the user .forward file. The email is indeed sent, but NOT via TLS. Why is it when I run "mail" from the command like it's working like it should, but a .forward is not using TLS? Thanks

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ssh permission denied

- by Gitmo

I am trying to ssh into a remote machine and I get the following debug messages: debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to xxx.xxx.x.xx [xxx.xxx.xx.x] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug3: Not a RSA1 key file /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa. debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----BEGIN' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----END' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug1: identity file /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa type 1 debug1: Checking blacklist file /usr/share/ssh/blacklist.RSA-2048 debug1: Checking blacklist file /etc/ssh/blacklist.RSA-2048 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-6ubuntu2 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-6ubuntu2 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-6ubuntu2 debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,arcfour128,arcfour256,arcfour,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,arcfour128,arcfour256,arcfour,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,arcfour128,arcfour256,arcfour,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,arcfour128,arcfour256,arcfour,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: server->client aes128-cbc hmac-md5 none debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: client->server aes128-cbc hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug2: dh_gen_key: priv key bits set: 128/256 debug2: bits set: 511/1024 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: filename /home/hadoop/.ssh/known_hosts debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: match line 20 debug1: Host '192.168.1.63' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/hadoop/.ssh/known_hosts:20 debug2: bits set: 511/1024 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug2: kex_derive_keys debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug2: key: /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa (0x241c110) debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,password debug3: preferred gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,gssapi,publickey,keyboard-interactive debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering public key: /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa debug3: send_pubkey_test debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug1: No more authentication methods to try. Permission denied (publickey,password). What seems to be the problem?? I have tried everything, this is driving me nuts.

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Unable to SSH into EC2 instance on Fedora 17

- by abhishek

I did following steps But I am not able to SSH to it(Same steps work fine on Fedora 14 image). I am getting Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic) I created new instance using fedora 17 amazon community image(ami-2ea50247). I copied my ssh keys under /home/usertest/.ssh/ after creating a usertest I have SELINUX=disabled here is Debug info: $ ssh -vvv ec2-54-243-101-41.compute-1.amazonaws.com ssh -vvv ec2-54-243-101-41.compute-1.amazonaws.com OpenSSH_5.2p1, OpenSSL 1.0.0b-fips 16 Nov 2010 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to ec2-54-243-101-41.compute-1.amazonaws.com [54.243.101.41] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/usertest/.ssh/identity type -1 debug1: identity file /home/usertest/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug3: Not a RSA1 key file /home/usertest/.ssh/id_dsa. debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----BEGIN' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type 'Proc-Type:' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type 'DEK-Info:' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----END' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug1: identity file /home/usertest/.ssh/id_dsa type 2 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.9 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.9 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.2 debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-256-96,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-512-96,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-256-96,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-512-96,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug2: dh_gen_key: priv key bits set: 131/256 debug2: bits set: 506/1024 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: filename /home/usertest/.ssh/known_hosts debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: match line 17 debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: filename /home/usertest/.ssh/known_hosts debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: match line 17 debug1: Host 'ec2-54-243-101-41.compute-1.amazonaws.com' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/usertest/.ssh/known_hosts:17 debug2: bits set: 500/1024 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug2: kex_derive_keys debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug2: key: /home/usertest/.ssh/identity ((nil)) debug2: key: /home/usertest/.ssh/id_rsa ((nil)) debug2: key: /home/usertest/.ssh/id_dsa (0x7f904b5ae260) debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic debug3: preferred gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_lookup gssapi-with-mic debug3: remaining preferred: publickey,keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled gssapi-with-mic debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-with-mic debug3: Trying to reverse map address 54.243.101.41. debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information Credentials cache file '/tmp/krb5cc_500' not found debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information Credentials cache file '/tmp/krb5cc_500' not found debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /home/usertest/.ssh/identity debug3: no such identity: /home/usertest/.ssh/identity debug1: Trying private key: /home/usertest/.ssh/id_rsa debug3: no such identity: /home/usertest/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Offering public key: /home/usertest/.ssh/id_dsa debug3: send_pubkey_test debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug1: No more authentication methods to try. Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic).

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front end to linux std mailbox for development purposes

- by Fabio

I am actually a software developer, do have a fair amount of linux experience as a user though since 1997. I am normally on stackoverflow.com, please excuse me if this question isn't appropriate here. I am working on a web project. We send out emails. I work locally on a linux box. When coding I use my local mailboxes to check what's been sent. Emails sent out to valid email addresses are not arriving at my official mailbox; they might be stopped by the provider's mail servers (gmail, yahoo). Now, we are sending out HTML mails too. I need to check how they look like. Is there a GUI frontend to the standard linux BSD mailbox? Or should I install some IMAP/POP server for this? Will such server get the emails sent to username@localhost ? Thanks for any suggestion

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How restore qmail backup files

- by Maysam

We are using qmail as our mail application on a linux server. A few weeks ago our server crashed and we had everything installed from scratch and our users started to send & receive email again. The problem is they have lost their old emails. We have a back up of the whole qmail directory. But I don't know how to restore the old emails without losing the new ones. It's worth mentioning that I don't have any problem with restoring old sent mails. When I copy email files into .sent-mail/cur directory, I have them restored in sent box of users, but restoring files in /cur directory doesn't work for inbox emails and I can't get them restored.

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how I can Specifying tcpreplay speed

- by herzl shemuelian

I am tring to Specify tcpreplay speed but I can't do it this is my detail of test: $tcpreplay -V tcpreplay version: 3.4.4 (build 2450) 1)$ tcpreplay -i %0 -p 100 -L 500 _udp_only.pcap Actual: 500 packets (42247 bytes) sent in 5.05 seconds.Rated: 8365.7 bps, 0.06 Mbps, 99.01 pps s 2)$ tcpreplay -i %0 -p 1000 -L 5000 _udp_only.pcap Actual: 5000 packets (427710 bytes) sent in 5.19 seconds. Rated: 82410.4 bps, 0.63 Mbps, 963.39 pps //here is problem I stay in 966.00 pps 3)$ tcpreplay -i %0 -p 10000 -L 50000 _udp_only.pcap Actual: 50000 packets (4322559 bytes) sent in 51.76 seconds.Rated: 83511.6 bps, 0.64 Mbps, 966.00 pps I have same problem when I try to Specify --mbps for 8600 packets 86 byte avg for each packet -M0.086 -L 860 ---- Rated: 10812.9 bps, 0.08 Mbps, 127.22 pps -M0.86 -L 860 ---- Rated: 83062.5 bps, 0.63 Mbps, 977.27 pps -M0.86 -L 8600 ---- Rated: 82554.9 bps, 0.63 Mbps, 965.21 pps why and how I can to Specify speed? I use OS windows7

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How to mark received sites as read in StumbleUpon toolbar?

- by Prashant

In stumbleupon toolbar for Firefox there is a "92" text is displayed in above pic, these are basically sites sent to me by my stumbleupon friends, so whenever I have sites from my friends, there in the toolbar and when I clicks the Stumble button then it shows those sites to me instead any new site. You can say these are link are like new mails, so there are 92 new mails for me, but I don't want to check those I just want to mark them as read in a single click, and move further to read other old mails. So Is there any option to mark these sites (sent to me by my SU friends) as read, so that when I click Stumble button then new sites will be shown instead sites which are sent by my friends??

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UDP packets to IP addresses other than specific ones not arriving and not shown in Wireshark

- by Max

I'm writing a service using UDP, but I can't manage to reply to the client. When sending to the client via the DHCP-assigned IP (192.168.1.143) Wireshark shows no sent packets. The server receives and Wireshark shows any packet sent by the client (broadcasted). If I send to a random, unassigned IP Wireshark doesn't show it. I thought the NIC would happily send it, since there is a router in the way - shouldn't Wireshark show it, even though it cannot possibly be received by a remote endpoint? If I send to either the router IP or another (specific, there is only one other) computer, the packet is shown in Wireshark. I am running Windows 7, the firewall is turned off using the control panel. Does the fact that wireshark doesn't show these packets mean that they aren't sent? What reason could there be for showing packets to one IP, but not another, on the same subnet?

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ubuntu ssh does not connect

- by bocca

SSH won't be able to establish a connection to our server Here's the output of ssh -vvv: ssh -v -v -v 11.11.11.11 OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-6ubuntu2, OpenSSL 0.9.8g 19 Oct 2007 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to 11.11.11.11 [11.11.11.11] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: permanently_set_uid: 0/0 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/identity type -1 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-5ubuntu1 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-5ubuntu1 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-6ubuntu2 debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,arcfour128,arcfour256,arcfour,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,arcfour128,arcfour256,arcfour,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,arcfour128,arcfour256,arcfour,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,arcfour128,arcfour256,arcfour,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: server->client aes128-cbc hmac-md5 none debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: client->server aes128-cbc hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug2: dh_gen_key: priv key bits set: 133/256 debug2: bits set: 486/1024 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: filename /root/.ssh/known_hosts debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: match line 1 debug1: Host '11.11.11.11' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:1 debug2: bits set: 497/1024 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug2: kex_derive_keys debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug2: key: /root/.ssh/identity ((nil)) debug2: key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa ((nil)) debug2: key: /root/.ssh/id_dsa ((nil)) debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,password debug3: preferred gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,gssapi,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/identity debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/identity debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_dsa debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/id_dsa debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug3: authmethod_lookup password debug3: remaining preferred: ,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled password debug1: Next authentication method: password [email protected]'s password: debug3: packet_send2: adding 64 (len 57 padlen 7 extra_pad 64) debug2: we sent a password packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentication succeeded (password). debug1: channel 0: new [client-session] debug3: ssh_session2_open: channel_new: 0 debug2: channel 0: send open debug1: Requesting [email protected] debug1: Entering interactive session. debug2: callback start debug2: client_session2_setup: id 0 debug2: channel 0: request pty-req confirm 1 debug3: tty_make_modes: ospeed 38400 debug3: tty_make_modes: ispeed 38400 debug1: Sending environment. debug3: Ignored env ORBIT_SOCKETDIR debug3: Ignored env SSH_AGENT_PID debug3: Ignored env SHELL debug3: Ignored env TERM debug3: Ignored env XDG_SESSION_COOKIE debug3: Ignored env GTK_RC_FILES debug3: Ignored env WINDOWID debug3: Ignored env USER debug3: Ignored env LS_COLORS debug3: Ignored env GNOME_KEYRING_SOCKET debug3: Ignored env SSH_AUTH_SOCK debug3: Ignored env USERNAME debug3: Ignored env SESSION_MANAGER debug3: Ignored env MAIL debug3: Ignored env PATH debug3: Ignored env DESKTOP_SESSION debug3: Ignored env PWD debug3: Ignored env GDM_KEYBOARD_LAYOUT debug3: Ignored env GNOME_KEYRING_PID debug1: Sending env LANG = en_CA.UTF-8 debug2: channel 0: request env confirm 0 debug3: Ignored env GDM_LANG debug3: Ignored env GDMSESSION debug3: Ignored env HISTCONTROL debug3: Ignored env SPEECHD_PORT debug3: Ignored env HOME debug3: Ignored env SHLVL debug3: Ignored env GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID debug3: Ignored env LOGNAME debug3: Ignored env XDG_DATA_DIRS debug3: Ignored env DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS debug3: Ignored env LESSOPEN debug3: Ignored env DISPLAY debug3: Ignored env LESSCLOSE debug3: Ignored env XAUTHORITY debug3: Ignored env COLORTERM debug3: Ignored env _ debug2: channel 0: request shell confirm 1 debug2: fd 3 setting TCP_NODELAY debug2: callback done debug2: channel 0: open confirm rwindow 0 rmax 32768 debug2: channel_input_confirm: type 99 id 0 debug2: PTY allocation request accepted on channel 0 debug2: channel 0: rcvd adjust 2097152 debug2: channel_input_confirm: type 99 id 0 debug2: shell request accepted on channel 0

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