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  • What's the best way to select max over multiple fields in SQL?

    - by allyourcode
    The I kind of want to do is select max(f1, f2, f3). I know this doesn't work, but I think what I want should be pretty clear (see update 1). I was thinking of doing select max(concat(f1, '--', f2 ...)), but this has various disadvantages. In particular, doing concat will probably slow things down. What's the best way to get what I want? update 1: The answers I've gotten so far aren't what I'm after. max works over a set of records, but it compares them using only one value; I want max to consider several values, just like the way order by can consider several values. update 2: Suppose I have the following table: id class_name order_by1 order_by_2 1 a 0 0 2 a 0 1 3 b 1 0 4 b 0 9 I want a query that will group the records by class_name. Then, within each "class", select the record that would come first if you ordered by order_by1 ascending then order_by2 ascending. The result set would consist of records 2 and 3. In my magical query language, it would look something like this: select max(* order by order_by1 ASC, order_by2 ASC) from table group by class_name

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  • remove values from an array php

    - by LiveEn
    I have a array of links and i have another array which contains certain values i would like to filter in the list eg: http://www.liquidshredder.co.uk/shop%3Fkw%3Dsurfboards%26fl%3D330343%26ci%3D3889610385%26network%3Ds http://www.bournemouth-surfing.co.uk/index.php%3FcPath%3D32 http://www.stcstores.co.uk/wetsuit-range-sizing--pricing-info-1-w.asp http://www.kingofwatersports.com/wetsuit-sale-c227.html http://www.uk.best-price.com/search/landing/query/bodyboards/s/google/altk/Surf%2Band/koid/1944273223/ http://www.surfinghardware.co.uk/Results.cfm%3Fcategory%3D20%26kw%3Dbodyboards%26fl%3D11407%26ci%3D3326979552%26network%3Ds http://www.teste.co.uk/adtrack/baod.html http://www.teste.co.uk/bodyboards/ www.sandskater.co.uk/ www.sandskater.co.uk/bodyboards/+Bodyboards&sa=X&ei=GwSWS-KaGM24rAeF-vCKDA&ved=0CBMQHzAKOAo http://www.extremesportstrader.co.uk/buy/water/bodyboarding/ www.extremesportstrader.co.uk/buy/water/bodyboarding/+Bodyboards&sa=X&ei=GwSWS-KaGM24rAeF-vCKDA&ved=0CBYQHzALOAo www.circle-one.co.uk/+Bodyboards&sa=X&ei=GwSWS-KaGM24rAeF-vCKDA&ved=0CBkQHzAMOAo http://www.teste.co.uk/bodyboards/p1 http://www.teste.co.uk/bodyboards/p2 http://www.amazon.co.uk/s/%3Fie%3DUTF8%26keywords%3Dbodyboards%26tag%3Dgooghydr-21%26index%3Daps%26hvadid%3D4764625891%26ref%3Dpd_sl_2lyzsfw1ar_e http://www.teste.co.uk/bodyboards/p3 www.extremesportstrader.co.uk/buy/water/ and i would like to remove all the instances of "http://www.teste.co.uk"? i tried the below code but it doesn't work :( $remove=array("teste.co.uk","127.0.0.1","localhost","wikipedia.org","gmail.com","answers.yahoo.com"); foreach ($list[0] as $key=>$clean) { if (in_array($clean,$remove)) { unset($list[0][$key]); } echo $clean; echo '<br>'; }

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  • Java appending XML data

    - by Travis
    I've already read through a few of the answers on this site but none of them worked for me. I have an XML file like this: <root> <character> <name>Volstvok</name> <charID>(omitted)</charID> <userID>(omitted)</userID> <apiKey>(omitted)</apiKey> </character> </root> I need to add another <character> somehow. I'm trying this but it does not work: public void addCharacter(String name, int id, int userID, String apiKey){ Element newCharacter = doc.createElement("character"); Element newName = doc.createElement("name"); newName.setTextContent(name); Element newID = doc.createElement("charID"); newID.setTextContent(Integer.toString(id)); Element newUserID = doc.createElement("userID"); newUserID.setTextContent(Integer.toString(userID)); Element newApiKey = doc.createElement("apiKey"); newApiKey.setTextContent(apiKey); //Setup and write newCharacter.appendChild(newName); newCharacter.appendChild(newID); newCharacter.appendChild(newUserID); newCharacter.appendChild(newApiKey); doc.getDocumentElement().appendChild(newCharacter); }

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  • How do I write unescaped XML outside of a CDATA

    - by kazanaki
    Hello I am trying to write XML data using Stax where the content itself is HTML If I try xtw.writeStartElement("contents"); xtw.writeCharacters("<b>here</b>"); xtw.writeEndElement(); I get this <contents>&lt;b&gt;here&lt;/b&gt;</contents> Then I notice the CDATA method and change my code to: xtw.writeStartElement("contents"); xtw.writeCData("<b>here</b>"); xtw.writeEndElement(); and this time the result is <contents><![CDATA[<b>here</b>]]></contents> which is still not good. What I really want is <contents><b>here</b></contents> So is there an XML API/Library that allows me to write raw text without being in a CDATA section? So far I have looked at Stax and JDom and they do not seem to offer this. In the end I might resort to good old StringBuilder but this would not be elegant. Update I agree mostly with the answers so far. However instead of <b>here</b> I could have a 1MB HTML document that I want to embed in a bigger XML document. What you suggest means that I have to parse this HTML document in order to understand its structure. I would like to avoid this if possible.

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  • What is the most efficient/elegant way to parse a flat table into a tree?

    - by Tomalak
    Assume you have a flat table that stores an ordered tree hierarchy: Id Name ParentId Order 1 'Node 1' 0 10 2 'Node 1.1' 1 10 3 'Node 2' 0 20 4 'Node 1.1.1' 2 10 5 'Node 2.1' 3 10 6 'Node 1.2' 1 20 What minimalistic approach would you use to output that to HTML (or text, for that matter) as a correctly ordered, correctly intended tree? Assume further you only have basic data structures (arrays and hashmaps), no fancy objects with parent/children references, no ORM, no framework, just your two hands. The table is represented as a result set, which can be accessed randomly. Pseudo code or plain English is okay, this is purely a conceptional question. Bonus question: Is there a fundamentally better way to store a tree structure like this in a RDBMS? EDITS AND ADDITIONS To answer one commenter's (Mark Bessey's) question: A root node is not necessary, because it is never going to be displayed anyway. ParentId = 0 is the convention to express "these are top level". The Order column defines how nodes with the same parent are going to be sorted. The "result set" I spoke of can be pictured as an array of hashmaps (to stay in that terminology). For my example was meant to be already there. Some answers go the extra mile and construct it first, but thats okay. The tree can be arbitrarily deep. Each node can have N children. I did not exactly have a "millions of entries" tree in mind, though. Don't mistake my choice of node naming ('Node 1.1.1') for something to rely on. The nodes could equally well be called 'Frank' or 'Bob', no naming structure is implied, this was merely to make it readable. I have posted my own solution so you guys can pull it to pieces.

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  • How much does Website Development cost nowadays?

    - by Andreas Grech
    I am thinking of setting up my own freelance business but coming from a workplace that offers a particular service to huge clients, I do not know what are the current charges for websites are nowadays. I know that as technology just keeps changing and changing (most of the time, for the better...), the amount you charge for a single website is constantly differing. Like for example, I don't think static websites (with just static html pages) are that expensive today, no? (as i said, I might be mistaken since I haven't really touched on this freelance industry yet) So, freelance web-developers out there, can you give me estimates on how much you charge for your clients? Some examples of websites that I want to know an approx charge: ~10 static html pages ~10 dhtml pages (with maybe a flasy menu on the top/side) Database driven websites with a standard CMS (be it the one you developed, or an existing one) Database driven but with a custom-built cms for the particular client Using an existing template for a design Starting the design from scratch etc... I know that the normally clients don't really care about the technologies used to construct their websites, but do you charge differently according to which technology you use to build the website with?; as in, is the technology a factor when setting the price? ...being ASP.Net, PHP, Ruby On Rails etc... Also, how do you go on about charging your clients for your services? What are the major factors that you consider when setting a price tag for a website to a client ? And better yet, how do you even find prospective clients? <= [or should I leave this question for a different post?] Btw, in your post, also mention some numbers (in cash values, be it in USD, GBP, EUR or anything) because I want to be able to take calculate some averages from this post when some answers stack up

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  • System.Threading.ThreadstateException

    - by Yasindu
    Hi, I'm developing an adding for office powerpoint application. I'm trying to display a description of the object(Customized object) currently dropped on the powerpoint slide in design mode(Design mode of the powerpoint). When i click on my addin the related object description will be displayed on a tabbed window as the first tabpage. There is a button on the tab page, and when i click on it i need the description to get copied to windows clipboard. I tried this using clipboardclass it throws the following exception, System.Threading.ThreadstateException {"Current thread must be set to single thread apartment (STA) mode before OLE calls can be made. Ensure that your Main function has STAThreadAttribute marked on it."} Code for clipboard: Clipboard.Clear() Clipboard.SetText(lblObjectID.Text) I searched the net for a solution and got couple of answers like, 1. Put [STAThread] in the main function 2. Thread.CurrentThread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA) Immediately before your call to SetDataObject. But I'm not sure where to put the 1st one and the 2nd option didn't work. Can anyone help me please. Thanks.

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  • Raising event in custom control.

    - by SeSSiZ
    Hi all, I'm writing a custom textblock control thats populate hyperlinks and raises event when clicked to hyperlink. I wrote this code but I got stucked. My code is : Imports System.Text.RegularExpressions Public Class CustomTextBlock Inherits TextBlock Public Event Klik As EventHandler(Of EventArgs) Public ReadOnly InlineCollectionProperty As DependencyProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("InlineCollection", GetType(String), GetType(CustomTextBlock), New PropertyMetadata(New PropertyChangedCallback(AddressOf CustomTextBlock.InlineChanged))) Private Shared Sub InlineChanged(ByVal sender As DependencyObject, ByVal e As DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs) DirectCast(sender, CustomTextBlock).Inlines.Clear() Dim kelimeler = Split(e.NewValue, " ") For i = 0 To kelimeler.Length - 1 If Regex.Match(kelimeler(i), "(http|ftp|https):\/\/[\w\-_]+(\.[\w\-_]+)+([\w\-\.,@?^=%&amp;:/~\+#]*[\w\-\@?^=%&amp;/~\+#])?").Success Then Dim x = New Hyperlink(New Run(kelimeler(i))) x.AddHandler(Hyperlink.ClickEvent, New RoutedEventHandler(AddressOf t_Click)) x.ToolTip = kelimeler(i) x.Tag = kelimeler(i) DirectCast(sender, CustomTextBlock).Inlines.Add(x) If Not i = kelimeler.Length Then DirectCast(sender, CustomTextBlock).Inlines.Add(" ") Else DirectCast(sender, CustomTextBlock).Inlines.Add(kelimeler(i)) If Not i = kelimeler.Length Then DirectCast(sender, CustomTextBlock).Inlines.Add(" ") End If ''//Console.WriteLine(kelime(i).ToString.StartsWith("@")) Next kelimeler = Nothing End Sub Public Property InlineCollection As String Get Return DirectCast(GetValue(InlineCollectionProperty), String) End Get Set(ByVal value As String) SetValue(InlineCollectionProperty, value) End Set End Property Private Shared Sub t_Click(ByVal sender As Hyperlink, ByVal e As System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs) e.Handled = True RaiseEvent Klik(sender, EventArgs.Empty) End Sub End Class This code gives error at RaiseEvent Klik(sender, EventArgs.Empty) Error is : Cannot refer to an instance member of a class from within a shared method or shared member initializer without an expliticit instance of the class. Thanks for your answers, Alper

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  • Function parameters evaluation order: is undefined behaviour if we pass reference?

    - by bolov
    This is undefined behaviour: void feedMeValue(int x, int a) { cout << x << " " << a << endl; } int main() { int a = 2; int &ra = a; feedMeValue(ra = 3, a); return 0; } because depending on what parameter gets evaluated first we could call (3, 2) or (3, 3). However this: void feedMeReference(int x, int const &ref) { cout << x << " " << ref << endl; } int main() { int a = 2; int &ra = a; feedMeReference(ra = 3, a); return 0; } will always output 3 3 since the second parameter is a reference and all parameters have been evaluated before the function call, so even if the second parameter is evaluated before of after ra = 3, the function received a reference to a wich will have a value of 2 or 3 at the time of the evaluation, but will always have the value 3 at the time of the function call. Is the second example UB? It is important to know because the compiler is free to do anything if he detects undefined behaviour, even if I know it would always yield the same results. *Note: I think that feedMeReference(a = 3, a) is the exact same situation as feedMeReference(ra = 3, a). However it seems not everybody agrees, in the addition to having 2 completely different answers.

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  • Calculate the digital root of a number

    - by Gregory Higley
    A digital root, according to Wikipedia, is "the number obtained by adding all the digits, then adding the digits of that number, and then continuing until a single-digit number is reached." For instance, the digital root of 99 is 9, because 9 + 9 = 18 and 1 + 8 = 9. My Haskell solution -- and I'm no expert -- is as follows. digitalRoot n | n < 10 = n | otherwise = digitalRoot . sum . map (\c -> read [c]) . show $ n As a language junky, I'm interested in seeing solutions in as many languages as possible, both to learn about those languages and possibly to learn new ways of using languages I already know. (And I know at least a bit of quite a few.) I'm particularly interested in the tightest, most elegant solutions in Haskell and REBOL, my two principal "hobby" languages, but any ol' language will do. (I pay the bills with unrelated projects in Objective C and C#.) Here's my (verbose) REBOL solution: digital-root: func [n [integer!] /local added expanded] [ either n < 10 [ n ][ expanded: copy [] foreach c to-string n [ append expanded to-integer to-string c ] added: 0 foreach e expanded [ added: added + e ] digital-root added ] ] EDIT: As some have pointed out either directly or indirectly, there's a quick one-line expression that can calculate this. You can find it in several of the answers below and in the linked Wikipedia page. (I've awarded Varun the answer, as the first to point it out.) Wish I'd known about that before, but we can still bend our brains with this question by avoiding solutions that involve that expression, if you're so inclined. If not, Crackoverflow has no shortage of questions to answer. :)

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  • Iterating XML nodes using VBA

    - by ydobonmai
    Note:- It just might be a iterating XML nodes using VBA question. Please look at the bottom of this question. It would be good If we can iterate without using MSXML2.DOMDocument I see the this question which answers part of my question on how to retrieve the CustomXMLPart. However, I am not able to iterate through the Xml. That way, this might not be specific to CustomXmlPart, It just might be a iterating XML using VBA question. Following is the XML I have in my CustomXMLPart. <Items> <Item1>Item1</Item1> <Item2>Item2</Item2> <Item3>Item3</Item3> </Items> This is how I add the above XML as CustomXmlPart:- static void AddCustomTableXmlPart(WordprocessingDocument document) { MainDocumentPart mainDocumentPart = document.MainDocumentPart; XDocument itemXml = GetItemsAsCustomXML(); if (mainDocumentPart.GetPartsCountOfType<CustomXmlPart>() > 0) mainDocumentPart.DeleteParts<CustomXmlPart>(mainDocumentPart.CustomXmlParts); //Add a new customXML part and then add content var customXmlPart = mainDocumentPart.AddCustomXmlPart(CustomXmlPartType.CustomXml); //copy the XML into the new part... using (var ts = new StreamWriter(customXmlPart.GetStream())) { ts.Write(itemXml.ToString()); ts.Flush(); } } and this is how I am accessing it in the macro:- Dim itemNode As xmlNode Dim itemChildren As XMLNodes ' The below line throws a run-time error 'Run-time error '13' - 'type mismatch ' not sure why. **Set itemChildren= ActiveDocument.CustomXMLParts(ActiveDocument.CustomXMLParts.Count).SelectSingleNode("//Items").ChildNodes** Interestingly, when I quick watch ActiveDocument.CustomXMLParts(ActiveDocument.CustomXMLParts.Count).SelectSingleNode("//Items").ChildNodes, I see child items in the quick watch window. Is the assignment to the itemChildren variable incorrect? I want to iterate through all the items and get get text for all of them. Could anybody help?

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  • why it is not possible to modify file in a directory, where i have read/write group rights

    - by sighter
    I am currently messing around on my linux system and now i have the following situation. The directory /srv/http has the following permissions set: drwxrwxr-x 2 root httpdev 80 Jun 13 11:48 ./ drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 152 Mar 26 13:56 ../ -rwxrwxr-x 1 root httpdev 8 Jun 13 11:48 index.html* I have created the group httpdev before with the command: groupadd httpdev and added my user sighter with: gpasswd -a sighter httpdev Then i have set the permissions as above using the chown and chmod commands. But now i am not allowed to modify the index.html file or create a new file, as user sighter ,with touch like that: <sighter [bassment] ~http> touch hallo.php touch: cannot touch `hallo.php': Permission denied What do I understand wrong. I was expecting that i can do what i want there then the group has all the rights. The following Output is for your in formation. <sighter [bassment] ~http> cat /etc/group | grep sighter ... httpdev:x:1000:sighter ... The used linux-distro is archlinux. Thanks for all answers :) greetz Sascha

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  • Powershell 2.0 Hang When Run From MsDeploy pre- post- ops using c/

    - by SonOfNun
    I am trying to invoke powershell during the preSync call in a MSDeploy command, but powershell does not exit the process after it has been called. The command (from command line): "tools/MSDeploy/msdeploy.exe" -verb:sync -preSync:runCommand="powershell.exe -NoLogo -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted -Command C:/MyInstallPath/deploy.ps1 Set-WebAppOffline Uninstall-Service ",waitInterval=60000 -usechecksum -source:dirPath="build/for-deployment" -dest:wmsvc=BLUEPRINT-X86,username=deployer,password=deployer,dirPath=C:/MyInstallPath I used a hack here (http://therightstuff.de/2010/02/06/How-We-Practice-Continuous-Integration-And-Deployment-With-MSDeploy.aspx) that gets the powershell process and kills it but that didn't work. I also tried taskkill and the sysinternals equivalent, but nothing will kill the process so that MSDeploy errors out. The command is executed, but then just sits there. Any ideas what might be causing powershell to hang like this? I have found a few other similar issues around the web but no answers. Environment is Win 2K3, using Powershell 2.0. UPDATE: Here is a .vbs script I use to invoke my powershell command now. Invoke using 'cscript.exe path/to/script.vbs': Option Explicit Dim oShell, appCmd,oShellExec Set oShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell") appCmd = "powershell.exe -NoLogo -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted -Command ""&{ . c:/development/materialstesting/deploy/web/deploy.ps1; Set-WebAppOffline }"" " Set oShellExec = oShell.Exec(appCmd) oShellExec.StdIn.Close()

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  • What version of .NET containing RuntimeMethodHandle.EmptyHandle?

    - by user299990
    No one answers my question in http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1295344/difference-between-activator-createinstance-and-typeoft-invokemember-with-b/2500960#2500960. I guess that the issue is closed and I am asking here again. Ben M have a nice function which I need for a project. The function is - public static T CreateInstance() { bool bNeedSecurityCheck = true; bool canBeCached = false; RuntimeMethodHandle emptyHandle = RuntimeMethodHandle.EmptyHandle; return (T) RuntimeTypeHandle.CreateInstance(typeof(T) as RuntimeType, true, true, ref canBeCached, ref emptyHandle, ref bNeedSecurityCheck); } I am using .NET 3.5 and Visual studio 2008. It gives the error "EmptyHandle type name does not exist in the type System.RuntimeMethodHandle". Then I used "RuntimeMethodHandle emptyHandle = new RuntimeMethodHandle();". Another error presents. RuntimeTypeHandle does not have a CreateInstance method either. Activator has. But it does not take any ref parameter. Thanks for clarification in advance!

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  • How to reuse results with a schema for end of day stock-data

    - by Vishalrix
    I am creating a database schema to be used for technical analysis like top-volume gainers, top-price gainers etc.I have checked answers to questions here, like the design question. Having taken the hint from boe100 's answer there I have a schema modeled pretty much on it, thusly: Symbol - char 6 //primary Date - date //primary Open - decimal 18, 4 High - decimal 18, 4 Low - decimal 18, 4 Close - decimal 18, 4 Volume - int Right now this table containing End Of Day( EOD) data will be about 3 million rows for 3 years. Later when I get/need more data it could be 20 million rows. The front end will be asking requests like "give me the top price gainers on date X over Y days". That request is one of the simpler ones, and as such is not too costly, time wise, I assume. But a request like " give me top volume gainers for the last 10 days, with the previous 100 days acting as baseline", could prove 10-100 times costlier. The result of such a request would be a float which signifies how many times the volume as grown etc. One option I have is adding a column for each such result. And if the user asks for volume gain in 10 days over 20 days, that would require another table. The total such tables could easily cross 100, specially if I start using other results as tables, like MACD-10, MACD-100. each of which will require its own column. Is this a feasible solution? Another option being that I keep the result in cached html files and present them to the user. I dont have much experience in web-development, so to me it looks messy; but I could be wrong ( ofc!) . Is that a option too? Let me add that I am/will be using mod_perl to present the response to the user. With much of the work on mysql database being done using perl. I would like to have a response time of 1-2 seconds.

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  • Simplest distributed persistent key/value store that supports primary key range queries

    - by StaxMan
    I am looking for a properly distributed (i.e. not just sharded) and persisted (not bounded by available memory on single node, or cluster of nodes) key/value ("nosql") store that does support range queries by primary key. So far closest such system is Cassandra, which does above. However, it adds support for other features that are not essential for me. So while I like it (and will consider using it of course), I am trying to figure out if there might be other mature projects that implement what I need. Specifically, for me the only aspect of value I need is to access it as a blob. For key, however, I need range queries (as in, access values ordered, limited by start and/or end values). While values can have structures, there is no need to use that structure for anything on server side (can do client-side data binding, flexible value/content types etc). For added bonus, Cassandra style storage (journaled, all sequential writes) seems quite optimal for my use case. To help filter out answers, I have investigated some alternatives within general domain like: Voldemort (key/value, but no ordering) and CouchDB (just sharded, more batch-oriented); and am aware of systems that are not quite distributed while otherwise qualifying (bdb variants, tokyo cabinet itself (not sure if Tyrant might qualify), redis (in-memory store only)).

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  • Wait on multiple condition variables on Linux without unnecessary sleeps?

    - by Joseph Garvin
    I'm writing a latency sensitive app that in effect wants to wait on multiple condition variables at once. I've read before of several ways to get this functionality on Linux (apparently this is builtin on Windows), but none of them seem suitable for my app. The methods I know of are: Have one thread wait on each of the condition variables you want to wait on, which when woken will signal a single condition variable which you wait on instead. Cycling through multiple condition variables with a timed wait. Writing dummy bytes to files or pipes instead, and polling on those. #1 & #2 are unsuitable because they cause unnecessary sleeping. With #1, you have to wait for the dummy thread to wake up, then signal the real thread, then for the real thread to wake up, instead of the real thread just waking up to begin with -- the extra scheduler quantum spent on this actually matters for my app, and I'd prefer not to have to use a full fledged RTOS. #2 is even worse, you potentially spend N * timeout time asleep, or your timeout will be 0 in which case you never sleep (endlessly burning CPU and starving other threads is also bad). For #3, pipes are problematic because if the thread being 'signaled' is busy or even crashes (I'm in fact dealing with separate process rather than threads -- the mutexes and conditions would be stored in shared memory), then the writing thread will be stuck because the pipe's buffer will be full, as will any other clients. Files are problematic because you'd be growing it endlessly the longer the app ran. Is there a better way to do this? Curious for answers appropriate for Solaris as well.

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  • How do I detect if both left and right buttons are pushed?

    - by Greg McGuffey
    I would like have three mouse actions over a control: left, right and BOTH. I've got the left and right and am currently using the middle button for the third, but am curious how I could use the left and right buttons being pressed together, for those situations where the user has a mouse without a middle button. This would be handled in the OnMouseDown method of a custom control. UPDATE After reviewing the suggested answers, I need to clarify that what I was attempting to do was to take action on the mouse click in the MouseDown event (actually OnMouseDown method of a control). Because it appears that .NET will always raise two MouseDown events when both the left and right buttons on the mouse are clicked (one for each button), I'm guessing the only way to do this would be either do some low level windows message management or to implement some sort of delayed execution of an action after MouseDown. In the end, it is just way simpler to use the middle mouse button. Now, if the action took place on MouseUp, then Gary's or nos's suggestions would work well. Any further insights on this problem would be appreciated. Thanks!

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  • What techniques can be used to detect so called "black holes" (a spider trap) when creating a web crawler?

    - by Tom
    When creating a web crawler, you have to design somekind of system that gathers links and add them to a queue. Some, if not most, of these links will be dynamic, which appear to be different, but do not add any value as they are specifically created to fool crawlers. An example: We tell our crawler to crawl the domain evil.com by entering an initial lookup URL. Lets assume we let it crawl the front page initially, evil.com/index The returned HTML will contain several "unique" links: evil.com/somePageOne evil.com/somePageTwo evil.com/somePageThree The crawler will add these to the buffer of uncrawled URLs. When somePageOne is being crawled, the crawler receives more URLs: evil.com/someSubPageOne evil.com/someSubPageTwo These appear to be unique, and so they are. They are unique in the sense that the returned content is different from previous pages and that the URL is new to the crawler, however it appears that this is only because the developer has made a "loop trap" or "black hole". The crawler will add this new sub page, and the sub page will have another sub page, which will also be added. This process can go on infinitely. The content of each page is unique, but totally useless (it is randomly generated text, or text pulled from a random source). Our crawler will keep finding new pages, which we actually are not interested in. These loop traps are very difficult to find, and if your crawler does not have anything to prevent them in place, it will get stuck on a certain domain for infinity. My question is, what techniques can be used to detect so called black holes? One of the most common answers I have heard is the introduction of a limit on the amount of pages to be crawled. However, I cannot see how this can be a reliable technique when you do not know what kind of site is to be crawled. A legit site, like Wikipedia, can have hundreds of thousands of pages. Such limit could return a false positive for these kind of sites. Any feedback is appreciated. Thanks.

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  • Password hashing, salt and storage of hashed values

    - by Jonathan Leffler
    Suppose you were at liberty to decide how hashed passwords were to be stored in a DBMS. Are there obvious weaknesses in a scheme like this one? To create the hash value stored in the DBMS, take: A value that is unique to the DBMS server instance as part of the salt, And the username as a second part of the salt, And create the concatenation of the salt with the actual password, And hash the whole string using the SHA-256 algorithm, And store the result in the DBMS. This would mean that anyone wanting to come up with a collision should have to do the work separately for each user name and each DBMS server instance separately. I'd plan to keep the actual hash mechanism somewhat flexible to allow for the use of the new NIST standard hash algorithm (SHA-3) that is still being worked on. The 'value that is unique to the DBMS server instance' need not be secret - though it wouldn't be divulged casually. The intention is to ensure that if someone uses the same password in different DBMS server instances, the recorded hashes would be different. Likewise, the user name would not be secret - just the password proper. Would there be any advantage to having the password first and the user name and 'unique value' second, or any other permutation of the three sources of data? Or what about interleaving the strings? Do I need to add (and record) a random salt value (per password) as well as the information above? (Advantage: the user can re-use a password and still, probably, get a different hash recorded in the database. Disadvantage: the salt has to be recorded. I suspect the advantage considerably outweighs the disadvantage.) There are quite a lot of related SO questions - this list is unlikely to be comprehensive: Encrypting/Hashing plain text passwords in database Secure hash and salt for PHP passwords The necessity of hiding the salt for a hash Clients-side MD5 hash with time salt Simple password encryption Salt generation and Open Source software I think that the answers to these questions support my algorithm (though if you simply use a random salt, then the 'unique value per server' and username components are less important).

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  • C Run-Time library part 2

    - by b-gen-jack-o-neill
    Hi, I was suggested when I have some further questions on my older ones, to create newer Question and reffer to old one. So, this is the original question: What is the C runtime library? OK, from your answers, I now get thet statically linked libraries are Microsoft implementation of C standart functions. Now: If I get it right, the scheme would be as follow: I want to use printf(), so I must include which just tels compiler there us functio printf() with these parameters. Now, when I compile code, becouse printf() is defined in C Standart Library, and becouse Microsoft decided to name it C Run Time library, it gets automatically statically linked from libcmt.lib (if libcmt.lib is set in compiler) at compile time. I ask, becouse on wikipedia, in article about runtime library there is that runtime library is linked in runtime, but .lib files are linked at compile time, am I right? Now, what confuses me. There is .dll version of C standart library. But I thought that to link .dll file, you must actually call winapi program to load that library. So, how can be these functions dynamically linked, if there is no static library to provide code to tell Windows to load desired functions from dll? And really last question on this subject - are C Standart library functions also calls to winapi even they are not .dll files like more advanced WinAPI functions? I mean, in the end to access framebuffer and print something you must tell Windows to do it, since OS cannot let you directly manipulate HW. I think of it like the OS must be written to support all C standart library functions same way across similiar versions, since they are statically linked, and can differently support more complex WinAPI calls becouse new version of OS can have adjustements in the .dll file.

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  • how to Compute the average probe length for success and failure - Linear probe (Hash Tables)

    - by fang_dejavu
    hi everyone, I'm doing an assignment for my Data Structures class. we were asked to to study linear probing with load factors of .1, .2 , .3, ...., and .9. The formula for testing is: The average probe length using linear probing is roughly Success-- ( 1 + 1/(1-L)**2)/2 or Failure-- (1+1(1-L))/2. we are required to find the theoretical using the formula above which I did(just plug the load factor in the formula), then we have to calculate the empirical (which I not quite sure how to do). here is the rest of the requirements **For each load factor, 10,000 randomly generated positive ints between 1 and 50000 (inclusive) will be inserted into a table of the "right" size, where "right" is strictly based upon the load factor you are testing. Repeats are allowed. Be sure that your formula for randomly generated ints is correct. There is a class called Random in java.util. USE it! After a table of the right (based upon L) size is loaded with 10,000 ints, do 100 searches of newly generated random ints from the range of 1 to 50000. Compute the average probe length for each of the two formulas and indicate the denominators used in each calculationSo, for example, each test for a .5 load would have a table of size approximately 20,000 (adjusted to be prime) and similarly each test for a .9 load would have a table of approximate size 10,000/.9 (again adjusted to be prime). The program should run displaying the various load factors tested, the average probe for each search (the two denominators used to compute the averages will add to 100), and the theoretical answers using the formula above. .** how do I calculate the empirical success?

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  • Discussion - Allowing / blocking user access to pages (Client Side Only!) - Javascript / Jquery

    - by Ozaki
    TLDR Using plain HTML / Javascript (Client Side) I want to prevent viewing of certain pages. The user will have to type a username and password and depending on that they get access to different pages. Answers can NOT include server side whatsoever It does not matter if they can break it easily. There is no sensitive information etc. Also the target audience will not have access to internet OR probably know what a cookie is... At some point the user will have to type username / password.(I can define the cookie here) Currently I thought of using cookies to set a cookie for each page to say "true" / "false" but that would get messy with so many cookies. Or setting an array within a cookie for each page? I have div field "#Content" which as it looks encompasses all of my content on the page so blocking out content will be as simple as replacing it with ("sorry you don't have access") etc. For Example: $.cookie("Access","page1, page2, page3"{ expires: 1 }); I am looking for anyway to do this does not have to be with cookies. Would be nice to get a discussion of different ways this can be done. So the question is: What do YOU think would be a good way to go about doing this with client side validation?

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  • TSQL - make a literal float value

    - by David B
    I understand the host of issues in comparing floats, and lament their use in this case - but I'm not the table author and have only a small hurdle to climb... Someone has decided to use floats as you'd expect GUIDs to be used. I need to retrieve all the records with a specific float value. sp_help MyTable -- Column_name Type Computed Length Prec -- RandomGrouping float no 8 53 Here's my naive attempt: --yields no results SELECT RandomGrouping FROM MyTable WHERE RandomGrouping = 0.867153569942739 And here's an approximately working attempt: --yields 2 records SELECT RandomGrouping FROM MyTable WHERE RandomGrouping BETWEEN 0.867153569942739 - 0.00000001 AND 0.867153569942739 + 0.00000001 -- 0.867153569942739 -- 0.867153569942739 In my naive attempt, is that literal a floating point literal? Or is it really a decimal literal that gets converted later? If my literal is not a floating point literal, what is the syntax for making a floating point literal? EDIT: Another possibility has occurred to me... it may be that a more precise number than is displayed is stored in this column. It may be impossible to create a literal that represents this number. I will accept answers that demonstrate that this is the case. EDIT: response to DVK. TSQL is MSSQLServer's dialect of SQL. This script works, and so equality can be performed deterministically between float types: DECLARE @X float SELECT top 1 @X = RandomGrouping FROM MyTable WHERE RandomGrouping BETWEEN 0.839110948199148 - 0.000000000001 AND 0.839110948199148 + 0.000000000001 --yields two records SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE RandomGrouping = @X I said "approximately" because that method tests for a range. With that method I could get values that are not equal to my intended value. The linked article doesn't apply because I'm not (intentionally) trying to straddle the world boundaries between decimal and float. I'm trying to work with only floats. This isn't about the non-convertibility of decimals to floats.

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  • POST xml to php with apache2

    - by Berry
    I'm working on an application that receives XML data via POST, processes it with a PHP script, and returns an XML response. I'm getting the XML with this PHP code: $requestStr = file_get_contents('php://input'); $requests = simplexml_load_string($requestStr); which works fine on the Linux-based product hardware using nginx as the server. However, for testing I'd like to be able to run it on my MacBook Pro, so I can avoid the "build image, install on product, reboot product, wait, test change" loop while I do targeted development on this XML processor. I enabled "web sharing" which starts up Apache, added a rewrite rule to point a convenient URI at my development source directory and used curl to send a request to my PHP script thus: curl -H "Content-Type:text/xml" -d @request.xml http://localhost/test/path/testscript "testscript" is handled by the PHP script fine, but when it goes to read "php:://input" I get nothing -- the empty string. Anyone have a clue why this would work under Linux with nginx and not under MacOS with Apache? I've googled and searched stackoverlow.com to no avail. Thanks for any answers. UPDATE: I've discovered that at least in this configuration, reading from php://stdin will work fine, while php://input will not. Who knew?

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