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  • Standard Network Tiers in a Distributed N-Tier System

    Distributed N-Tier client/server architecture allows for segments of an application to be broken up and distributed across multiple locations on a network.  Listed below are standard tiers in a Distributed N-Tier System. End-User Client Tier The End-User Client is responsible for sending and receiving requests from web servers and other applications servers and translating the responses so that the End-User can interpret the data effectively. The primary roles for this tier are to communicate with servers and translate server responses back to the end-user to interpret. Business-Specific Functions Validate Data Display Data Send Data to Webserver Web Server Tier The Web server tier processes new requests for information coming in from the HTTP and HTTPS ports. This primarily handles the generation of user interfaces and calls the application server when needed to access Data and business logic when needed. Business-specific functions Send Data to application server Format Data for Display Validate Data Application Server Tier The application server stores and executes predefined business logic that is applied to various pieces of data as the business determines. The processed data is then returned back to the Webserver. Additionally, this server directly calls the database to obtain and store any data used by the system Business-Specific Functions Validate Data Process Data Send Data to Database Server Database Server Tier The Database Server is responsible for storing and returning all data need by the calling applications. The primary role for this this server is storage. Data is stored as needed and can be recalled at any point later in time. Business-Specific Functions Insert Data Delete Data Return Data to Application Server

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  • Business Intelligence (BI) Defined

    CIO.com defines Business Intelligence (BI) as a generic reference to a collection of applications that are used to analyze raw organizational data. Typical BI activities include data mining, online analytical processing, querying and reporting. They further explain that the primary reason why a company would utilize BI is to make their more data accessible. The more accessible data is to the users the faster they can identify ways to reduce business cost, discover new business opportunities, and react quickly to adjust prices based on current supply and demand. One area in which a hospital system could use BI derived from a data warehouse can be seen in the Emergency Room (ER) in regards to the number of doctors and nurse they have working during a full moon for each ER location. In order determine this BI needs to determine a trend in the number of patients seen on a full moon, further more they also need to determine the optimal number of staff members working during a full moon be determining the number of employees to patients ration needed to meet standard patient times and also be the most cost effective for the hospital.  This will allow the hospital system to estimate the number of potential patients they will have on the next full moon and adjust their staff schedules accordingly to ensure that patient care is not affected in any way do the influx or lack of influx of patients during this time while also ensuring that they are only working the minimum number of employees to ensure that they still making a profit. Another area where a hospital system could use BI data regards their orders paced to drug and medical supply companies. BI could define trends in prescriptions given to patients, this information could be used for ordering new supplies and forecasting the amount of medicine each hospital needs to keep on site at a given time. For example, a hospital might want to stock up on materials need to set bones in a cast prior to the summer because their BI indicates that a majority of broken bones occur during the summer due to children being out of school and they have more free time.

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  • Prevent Click Fraud in Advertisement system with PHP and Javascript

    - by CodeDevelopr
    I would like to build an Advertising project with PHP, MySQL, and Javascript. I am talking about something like... Google Adsense BuySellAds.com Any other advertising platform My question is mainly, what do I need to look out for to prevent people cheating the system and any other issues I may encounter? My design concept. An Advertisement is a record in the Database, when a page is loaded, using Javascript, it calls my server which in turn will use a PHP script to query the Database and get a random Advertisement. (It may do kore like get an ad based on demographics or other criteria as well) The PHP script will then return the Advertisement to the server/website that is calling it and show it on the page as an Image that will have a special tracking link. I will need to... Count all impressions (when the Advertisement is shown on the page) Count all clicks on the Advertisement link Count all Unique clicks on the Advertisement link My question is purely on the query and displaying of the Advertisement and nothing to do with the administration side. If there is ever money involved with my Advertisement buying/selling of adspace, then the stats need to be accurate and make sure people can't easily cheat the system. Is tracking IP address really the only way to try to prevent click fraud? I am hoping someone with some experience can clarify I am on the right track? As well as give me any advice, tips, or anything else I should know about doing something like this?

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  • Installing Skype on 12.04 64 bit causes errors

    - by Wolfy87
    Hi there I am trying to install Skype through apt-get but I am having some trouble. The Skype package depends on skype-bin which is not found in my list of packages. So when trying to install Skype I get the following error. $ sudo apt-get install skype Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: skype : Depends: skype-bin but it is not installable E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. Does anyone know why this might happen? Am I missing a repository? I get similar results when downloading the .deb from their site. But it complains about ai32-libs not being installable. This is because it depends on another package that does not exist in my list. Please bear in mind that this is a custom install from the company I work for. They have secured it and I think they have updated it over time and skipped versions, possibly breaking things.

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  • TDD: Write a separate test for object initialization or relying on other tests exercising it

    - by DXM
    This seems to be the common pattern that's emerging in some of the tests I've worked on lately. We have a class, and quite often this is legacy code whose design can't be easily altered, which has a bunch of member variables. There's some kind of "Initialize" or "Load" function which would put an object into a valid state. Only after it is initialized/loaded, are the members in the proper state so that other methods can be exercised. So when we start writing tests, first test is "TestLoad" and all we put in there is exercising initialization logic. Then we might add one (or few) TestLoadFailureXXX tests and those are definitely valuable. Then we start writing tests to verify other behaviors but all of them require the object to be loaded. So they all start by running exactly the same code as "TestLoad". So my question: Is TestLoad even necessary? Do you take it and let other tests simply exercise the loading? Or leave it so things are more explicit? I know that each unit test function should have no (or as little as possible) overlap with other test functions, but it seems like in cases of loading, this is unavoidable. And whether we like it or not, if something in the loading code breaks, we will end up with a whole test suite of failures. Is there another approach that I might be missing here? Thank you for the responses. It definitely makes sense that you want to see "InitializationTest" and if that fails you know where to start looking. In case it matters, this question is mostly about C++ and we use CppUnit framework. And now, thanks to sleske, I'll be constantly wishing that CppUnit supported test dependencies. Might have to hack something in one of these days :)

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  • Using Mercurial repository inside a Git one: Feasible? Sane?

    - by Portablejim
    I am thinking on creating a Mercurial repository under a Git repository. e.g. ..../git-repository/directory/hg-repo/ The 2 repositories Is it possible to manage (keeping your sanity)? How similiar is it to this? I am a computer science student at University. I manage my work in Git, mainly as a distribution mechanism (after realizing that rsync fails when you have changes in more than one place) between my desktop and usb drive. I try use of Git as a VCS as I do work. I have finished a semester where I did a small group project to prepare for a larger group project next year. We had to use Subversion, and experienced the joys of a centralised VCS (including downtime). I tried to keep the subversion repository separate to my Git repository for the subject**, however it was annoying that it was seperate (not in the place where I store assignments). I therefore moved to using an Subversion repository inside my Git repository. As I think ahead (maybe I am thinking too far ahead) I realise that I will have to try and convince people to use a DVCS and Mercurial will probably be the one that is preferred (Windows and Mac GUI support, closer to Subversion). Having done some research into the whole Git vs Mercurial debate (however not used Mercurial at all) I still prefer Git. Can I have a Mercurial repository inside a Git one without going mad (or it ruining something)? Or is it something that I should not consider at all? (Or is it a bad question that should be deleted?) ** I think outside of Australia it is called a course

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  • Ubuntu 12.10 with kernel 3.5.0-18

    - by Chaitanya
    I had ubuntu 12.04 with kernel 3.0.2. Today I have updated my system and got 12.10 with kernel 3.5.0-18. Now when I boot my machine with 3.5 kernel, it starts until the page where I enter my password. Within seconds, I get a page with looooong list of some commands or list. I cant take screenshot of that. It looks something like, [1.2234978942837]kjsahfa;lsfksld;fkjsf;owieurwirejw/rnw;erkjwelrjw2309480432 [1.3294823498230948]as;lfjsf;iuwrijrwjlkerjw;rekwer;lkwjre;lkjRIJWEORIWE'JJA; something like this. Luckily, in my boot page, I have 3.0.2 kernel also. When I boot with 3.0.2 kernel there is no problem. But when I boot with 3.5.0, it throws that wierd error. I wont be able to do anything at that time. None of the keys work. I have to forcibly shutdown the machine and restart with 3.0.2 kernel. Please help..... Thanks, Chaitanya.

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  • Can't install Skype on Ubuntu 12.04 64 bit

    - by Gabriel Alvim
    I've tried many different ways: I downloaded the file on the Skype website, which returned me this error "Cannot install ia-32-libs" I followed this instructions https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Skype and here is what I got: **W: Failed to fetch http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/partner/Packages/binary-amd64/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.191 80] W: Failed to fetch http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/partner/Packages/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.191 80] E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.** I even tried this command line: sudo apt-get install lib32stdc++6 lib32asound2 ia32-libs libc6-i386 lib32gcc1 skype And this is what I got: **Error: need a repository as argument pandora@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install lib32stdc++6 lib32asound2 ia32-libs libc6-i386 lib32gcc1 skype Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: ia32-libs : Depends: ia32-libs-multiarch skype : Depends: skype-bin E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.** I just don't know what to do anymore, if I can't use skype, I might as well not use ubuntu at all. Please, someone help

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  • Publishing a game -- any way to target both WP7 and Win8 Store?

    - by Rei Miyasaka
    I'm at a dilemma which seems should soon become an important issue for a lot of developers. If I build a game in XNA, I won't be able to publish it on the Windows 8 Store, as it would be a classic application -- and classic applications can't be sold on the store. If I build a game in Metro DirectX, I would be able to sell it on the Store, but porting it to Windows Phone would involve porting it to Reach XNA, which in fact would likely involve more effort even than porting to OS X or Android -- both of which support C++. Of all the WinRT API that is supported on C++/JS/.NET, DirectX can only be programmed from C++. It's also unlikely that Microsoft will update Windows 7 or Vista to support the new DirectX features, although that would make the Metro DirectX the first new version of DirectX to stop supporting the immediate predecessor OS. If I build a game in Pre-Win8 DirectX 9/10/11, I won't be able to sell it on the Windows Store or Windows Phone, but I could sell it on something like Steam. It would also involve the most amount of manual plumbing. In fact, DirectWrite, despite being part of DirectX 11, doesn't talk to Direct3D. I'm getting really tired of all these restrictions -- artificial and otherwise -- and I'm coming to a point where I'm considering switching to a platform with a less fragmented API, like Android or Mac/iOS. As far as bringing a game into market goes, excluding the actual market share of any platforms that I might consider, what other factors would help me in making a decision? Just a few years ago this question was a lot easier to answer: if you were primarily concerned with Windows platforms, all you had to answer was whether you wanted DirectX, XNA, or something like SlimDX. If you made the wrong decision, no biggie -- all you really would have lost is XBox and the fairly small Windows Phone market.

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  • Really slow wireless internet on 12.04 with HP dv6 6070ca

    - by Joe
    I was recently running the previous version of Ubuntu through Wine, and everything was working great. I decided to upgrade to pangolin when I saw it came out. After upgrading the internet was very slow (the estimated time on the updates was something like 4 days). I thought maybe this had something to do with the Wine installation, so I decided to finally do an actual dual boot. I partitioned my drive all nice and neat, but I made the mistake of connecting to the internet for the installation, and clicking the option to install updates and restricted extras. This was in the morning, circa 6 am. Fast forward to the evening, the installation is frozen at around 75%. In frustration I gave the ol girl a hard shut-down, which effectively rendered my machine useless. I used the thumb drive to reinstall Ubuntu, this time without connecting to the internet. Installed nice and easy, no problems, but the internet is still ridiculously slow. It took me about 20 minutes of frustration and hitting stop and reload repeatedly to even get this question page to open. This is important to me as now Windows won't even boot and I have to use ubuntu for the time being but I can't even bear to turn on my laptop due to the frustration that immediately ensues. Please help! Oh, and I'm relatively new so if there are some terminal commands that spew out info you guys would find useful let me know what they are and I'll post back the information.

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  • Network connection fails when downloading data

    - by Guus
    In the past few weeks, I've noticed my network connection becoming unstable while downloading files. I'm not sure how to diagnose this issue. I've found that my network connections appear to be temporarily unresponsive (for periods up to a minute or so) while I'm downloading a file (that's large enough to not be downloaded instantly). The problem occurs when downloading data through a webbrowser, but also when using SCP to download data from a remote location. During the period in which network connections are unresponsive, every resource that I try to access over the network is unavailable. This includes: The download itself (SCP reports a 'stalled' download) Web pages (won't load - browsers report 'resource unavailable') SSH sessions (CLI freezes) VPN connections (connections terminate) IM client connections (client starts reconnection attempts) ... (everything is pretty much dead) I've noticed that during such a period, I cannot even access the (web-based) administrative console of the router on my LAN at home (although it remains reachable for other devices). The problem occurs when connected to my home network, but also when I'm in the office. Other devices than my laptop are not affected. Given the above two characteristics I assume the problem cause lies within my laptop, not the network infrastructure. I'm running Ubuntu 11.10. Apart from applying automatic updates from Ubuntu, I can't think of a change that I applied to the OS that could have started the problems. I'm absolutely positive that this issue did not occur up to a few weeks ago (as it's very noticeable, and only started to annoy me in the last few days). When the problem occurs, applications that make use of a network connection fail visibly (I get popups telling me that a VPN connection is broken, for instance). The network manager does not report any issues related to my wifi-connection though. Help?

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  • Why, when on Kubuntu I lose internet connection, am I unable to reconnect?

    - by Jonathan
    Using Kubuntu 11.10. Sony Vaio computer. Network controller: Intel Corporation WiFi Link 5100. If I connect to a wireless network, and the signal drops, then I am unable to connect to any network without a reboot. I can assure that the issue has nothing to do with the computer going to sleep, as I have experienced the above while using my computer continuously. Here is exactly what happens: Connect to network (at University, where the connection is not so great). The connection is broken There are three other possible networks available, but none of them can be connected to. I have tried off and on sometimes for hours. I am always able to reestablish a connection after a reboot. I can only think of two explanations. The first is that a temp file is corrupted when the internet connection is abruptly dropped. The second is that my computer actually corrupts something before the loss of internet connection, which causes the loss in signal, and inability to reconnect. However, I am not confident that my explanations are complete, nor do I have any idea how to test these things.

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  • Methodologies for Managing Users and Access?

    - by MadBurn
    This is something I'm having a hard time getting my head around. I think I might be making it more complicated than it is. What I'm trying to do is develop a method to store users in a database with varying levels of access, throughout different applications. I know this has been done before, but I don't know where to find how they did it. Here is an example of what I need to accomplish: UserA - Access to App1, App3, App4 & can add new users to App3, but not 4 or 1. UserB - Access to App2 only with ReadOnly access. UserC - Access to App1 & App4 and is able to access Admin settings of both apps. In the past I've just used user groups. However, I'm reaching a phase where I need a bit more control over each individual user's access to certain parts of the different applications. I wish this were as cut and dry as being able to give a user a role and let each role inherit from the last. Now, this is what I need to accomplish. But, I don't know any methods of doing this. I could easily just design something that works, but I know this has been done and I know this has been studied and I know this problem has been solved by much better minds than my own. This is for a web application and using sql server 2008. I don't need to store passwords (LDAP) and the information I need to store is actually very limited. Basically just username and access.

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  • Empty interface to combine multiple interfaces

    - by user1109519
    Suppose you have two interfaces: interface Readable { public void read(); } interface Writable { public void write(); } In some cases the implementing objects can only support one of these but in a lot of cases the implementations will support both interfaces. The people who use the interfaces will have to do something like: // can't write to it without explicit casting Readable myObject = new MyObject(); // can't read from it without explicit casting Writable myObject = new MyObject(); // tight coupling to actual implementation MyObject myObject = new MyObject(); None of these options is terribly convenient, even more so when considering that you want this as a method parameter. One solution would be to declare a wrapping interface: interface TheWholeShabam extends Readable, Writable {} But this has one specific problem: all implementations that support both Readable and Writable have to implement TheWholeShabam if they want to be compatible with people using the interface. Even though it offers nothing apart from the guaranteed presence of both interfaces. Is there a clean solution to this problem or should I go for the wrapper interface? UPDATE It is in fact often necessary to have an object that is both readable and writable so simply seperating the concerns in the arguments is not always a clean solution. UPDATE2 (extracted as answer so it's easier to comment on) UPDATE3 Please beware that the primary usecase for this is not streams (although they too must be supported). Streams make a very specific distinction between input and output and there is a clear separation of responsibilities. Rather, think of something like a bytebuffer where you need one object you can write to and read from, one object that has a very specific state attached to it. These objects exist because they are very useful for some things like asynchronous I/O, encodings,...

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  • Dynamic model interactions

    - by Richard
    I am just curious as to how in many games (namely games like arkham asylum/city, manhunt, hitman) do they make it so that your character can "grab" a character in front of you and do stuff to them. I know this may sound very confusing but for an example go to youtube and search "hitman executions", and the first video is an example of what i'm asking. Basically I'm wondering how they make your model dynamically interact with whatever other model you come across, so in hitman when you come up behind some one with the fibre wire you strangle the other character or if you have the anesthetic you come up behind some person and put your hand over there mouth while they struggle and slowly go to the floor where you lay them down. I am confused as to whether it was animated to use two models using specific bone/skeletal identifiers, if it is just two completely separate animations that are played at the correct time to make it look like they are actually interacting or something else all together. I am not an animator so i assume most of what i just said is not right but i hope that some one can understand what i mean and provide an answer. PS) I am a programmer and I am in the process of building a hitmanesque game, just because i love that style of game and I want to increase my skills on something fun, so if you do know what i'm talking about have some examples with involving both models and programming (i use c++ and mainly Ogre3D at the moment but i am getting into unity and XNA) i would greatly appreciate it. Thanks.

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  • C++ and system exceptions

    - by Abyx
    Why standard C++ doesn't respect system (foreign or hardware) exceptions? E.g. when null pointer dereference occurs, stack isn't unwound, destructors aren't called, and RAII doesn't work. The common advice is "to use system API". But on certain systems, specifically Win32, this doesn't work. To enable stack unwinding for this C++ code // class Foo; // void bar(const Foo&); bar(Foo(1, 2)); one should generate something like this C code Foo tempFoo; Foo_ctor(&tempFoo); __try { bar(&tempFoo); } __finally { Foo_dtor(&tempFoo); } Foo_dtor(&tempFoo); and it's impossible to implement this as C++ library. Upd: Standard doesn't forbid handling system exceptions. But it seems that popular compilers like g++ doesn't respect system exceptions on any platforms just because standard doesn't require this. The only thing that I want - is to use RAII to make code readable and program reliable. I don't want to put hand-crafted try\finally around every call to unknown code. For example in this reusable code, AbstractA::foo is such unknown code: void func(AbstractA* a, AbstractB* b) { TempFile file; a->foo(b, file); } Maybe one will pass to func such implementation of AbstractA, which every Friday will not check if b is NULL, so access violation will happen, application will terminate and temporary file will not be deleted. How many months uses will suffer because of this issue, until either author of func or author of AbstractA will do something with it? Related: Is `catch(...) { throw; }` a bad practice?

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  • .html extension or no for SEO purposes

    - by Scott Schluer
    I know this question has been asked before on Stack Overflow, but what I have not been able to find in the posts I've read are concrete references as to WHY one is better than the other (something I can take to my boss). So I'm working on an MVC 3 application that is basically a rewrite of the existing production application (web forms) using MVC. The current site uses a URL rewriter to rewrite "friendly" urls with HTML extensions to their ASPX counterpart. i.e. http://www.site.com/products/18554-widget.html gets rewritten to http://www.site.com/products.aspx?id=18554 We're moving away from this with the MVC site, but the powers that be still want the HTML extension on the URLs. As a developer, that just feels wrong on an MVC site. I've written a quick and dirty HttpModule that will perform a 301 redirect from the .html URL to the same URL without the .html extension and it works fine, but I need to convince management that removing the .html extension is not going to hurt SEO. I'd prefer to have this sort of friendly URL: http://www.site.com/products/18554-widget Can anyone provide information to back up my position or am I actually trying to do something that WOULD hurt SEO, in which case can you provide references on that?

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  • 12.04 update crash, now cannot boot

    - by EdW
    Boot now freezes the system at the "Ubuntu purple screen" with the 5 dots under it. I cannot even CTRL-ALT-F1 to get to an alternate console. Have to push reset button on computer to reboot. After the 12.04 update crash, the system would boot, but I had no icons and no launch bar and errors about missing dependencies. CTRL-ALT-F1 and ran apt-get -f install and it appeared to get the missing packages. I followed with a apt-get update; apt-get upgrade. It appeared to install all of the remaining 12.04 update packages. Rebooted to same blank screen - no icons, but got a compiz error. In console I tried "unity --reset" rebooted ... Nothing ... It's dead in the water. Tried to boot into Recovery Mode - black screen - I cannot even CTRL-ALT-Del - have to push reboot button. Fortunately, I have Mint on another partition and I can access the broken 12.04 partition. Ideas? I can back up all of my folders using Mint, but I would hate to have to do a new install.

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  • Code base migration - old versioning system to modern

    - by JohnP
    Our current code base is contained in a versioning system that is old and outdated (Visual Sourcesafe 5.0, mid 1990's), and contains a mix of packages that are no longer used, ones that are being used but no longer updated, and newer code. It is also a mix of 4 languages, and includes libraries for some of our systems (Such as Dialogic, Sun Tzu {clipper}) implementations. This breaks down into the following categories: Legacy code - No longer used (Systems that have been retired or replaced, etc) Legacy code - In current use (No intentions for upgrades or minor bug fixes, only major fixes if needed) Current code - In current use, and will be used for future versions/development Support libraries - For both legacy and current code (Some of the legacy libraries are no longer available as well) We would like to migrate this to a newer versioning system as we will be adding more developers, and expanding the reach to include remote programmers. When migrating, how do you structure it? Do you just perform a dump of all the data and then import it into the new system, or do you segregate according to type before you bring it into the new system? Do you set up a separate area for libraries, or keep them with the relevant packages? Do you separate by language, system, both? A general outline and methodology is fine, it doesn't need to be broken down to individual program level.

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  • Is goto to improve DRY-ness OK?

    - by Marco Scannadinari
    My code has many checks to detect errors in various cases (many conditions would result in the same error), inside a function returning an error struct. Instead of looking like this: err_struct myfunc(...) { err_struct error = { .error = false }; ... if(something) { error.error = true; error.description = "invalid input"; return error; } ... case 1024: error.error = true; error.description = "invalid input"; // same error, but different detection scenario return error; break; // don't comment on this break please (EDIT: pun unintended) ... Is use of goto in the following context considered better than the previous example? err_struct myfunc(...) { err_struct error = { .error = false }; ... if(something) goto invalid_input; ... case 1024: goto invalid_input; break; return error; invalid_input: error.error = true; error.description = "invalid input"; return error;

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  • Execution plan warnings–All that glitters is not gold

    - by Dave Ballantyne
    In a previous post, I showed you the new execution plan warnings related to implicit and explicit warnings.  Pretty much as soon as i hit ’post’,  I noticed something rather odd happening. This statement : select top(10) SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderID, SalesOrderNumberfrom Sales.SalesOrderHeaderjoin Sales.SalesOrderDetail on SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderID = SalesOrderDetail.SalesOrderID   Throws the “Type conversion may affect cardinality estimation” warning.     Ive done no such conversion in my statement why would that be ?  Well, SalesOrderNumber is a computed column , “(isnull(N'SO'+CONVERT([nvarchar](23),[SalesOrderID],0),N'*** ERROR ***'))”,  so thats where the conversion is.   Wait!!! Am i saying that every type conversion will throw the warning ?  Thankfully, no.  It only appears for columns that are used in predicates ,even if the predicate / join condition is fine ,  and the column is indexed ( and/or , presumably has statistics).    Hopefully , this wont lead to to many wild goose chases, but is definitely something to bear in mind.  If you want to see this fixed then upvote my connect item here.

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  • How do references work in R?

    - by djechlin
    I'm finding R confusing because it has such a different notion of reference than I am used to in languages like C, Java, Javascript... Ruby, Python, C++, well, pretty much any language I have ever programmed in ever. So one thing I've noticed is variable names are not irrelevant when passing them to something else. The reference can be part of the data. e.g. per this tutorial a <- factor(c("A","A","B","A","B","B","C","A","C")) results <- table(a) Leads to $a showing up as an attribute as $dimnames$a. We've also witnessed that calling a function like a <- foo(alpha=1, beta=2) can create attributes in a of names alpha and beta, or it can assign or otherwise compute on 1 and 2 to properties already existing. (Not that there's a computer science distinction here - it just doesn't really happen in something like Javascript, unless you want to emulate it by passing in the object and use key=value there.) Functions like names(...) return lvalues that will affect the input of them. And the one that most got me is this. x <- c(3, 5, 1, 10, 12, 6) y = x[x <= 5] x[y] <- 0 is different from x <- c(3, 5, 1, 10, 12, 6) x[x <= 5] <- 0 Color me confused. Is there a consistent theory for what's going on here?

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  • Problem with dpkg-preconfigure, how to correct?

    - by Eric Wilson
    I was trying to install TeamViewer, and I followed the instructions here even though they specify 11.10 instead of 12.04 (what I'm running). In particular, I executed. $ wget http://www.teamviewer.com/download/teamviewer_linux.deb $ sudo dpkg -i teamviewer_linux.deb The dpkg command failed, and after this point my packaging system has been broken. The software center instructs me to try: $ sudo apt-get -f install which leads to Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following packages will be REMOVED: teamviewer7:i386 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 17 not upgraded. 9 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 89.0 kB of archives. After this operation, 81.9 MB disk space will be freed. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main dash amd64 0.5.7-2ubuntu2 [89.0 kB] Fetched 89.0 kB in 1s (83.9 kB/s) E: Sub-process /usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt || true returned an error code (100) E: Failure running script /usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt || true At this point I'm stumped.

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  • Click buttons on the mouse stopped working in 12.10

    - by Kushal
    everything was great for a couple weeks after the upgrade, and then all of a sudden, the click buttons on my trackpad (as well as any other USB mouse I would hook up) stopped working. The pointer moves fine, but the clicks don't work. Sometimes the left click doesn't work but right click does, and then some times, neither works. I noticed this would begin when I would accidentally drag some text in a web browser (you know how when you try to move your pointer through the trackpad, but you accidentally tap down and it starts to drag whatever text you've selected on the window), and then you're done. The clicks won't work after that. They would work upon rebooting or logging off and back on, but then after a few minutes of usage, things would go back to being broken again. It happened a LOT when I was trying to play Scrabble on Facebook. I've raised a bug for this, but I haven't heard back anything on it. Here's the bug report: https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1077805 Since the system was unusable this way, I had to remove it and install another OS based on 12.04. Has anyone else faced this issue or does someone know what to do to fix it? I'd go back to vanilla Ubuntu in a heartbeat if this issue can be fixed.

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  • Messages do not always appear in [catalog].[event_messages] in the order that they occur [SSIS]

    - by jamiet
    This is a simple heads up for anyone doing SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS) development using SSIS 2012. Be aware that messages do not always appear in [catalog].[event_messages] in the order that they occur, observe… In the following query I am looking at a subset of messages in [catalog].[event_messages] and ordering them by [event_message_id]: SELECT [event_message_id],[event_name],[message_time],[message_source_name]FROM   [catalog].[event_messages] emWHERE  [event_message_id] BETWEEN 290972 AND 290982ORDER  BY [event_message_id] ASC--ORDER BY [message_time] ASC Take a look at the two rows that I have highlighted, note how the OnPostExecute event for “Utility GetTargetLoadDatesPerETLIfcName” appears after the OnPreExecute event for “FELC Loop over TargetLoadDates”, I happen to know that this is incorrect because “Utility GetTargetLoadDatesPerETLIfcName” is a package that gets executed by an Execute Package Task prior to the For Each Loop “FELC Loop over TargetLoadDates”: If we order instead by [message_time] then we see something that makes more sense: SELECT [event_message_id],[event_name],[message_time],[message_source_name]FROM   [catalog].[event_messages] emWHERE  [event_message_id] BETWEEN 290972 AND 290982--ORDER BY [event_message_id] ASCORDER  BY [message_time] ASC We can see that the OnPostExecute for “Utility GetTargetLoadDatesPerETLIfcName” did indeed occur before the OnPreExecute event for “FELC Loop over TargetLoadDates”, they just did not get assigned an [event_message_id] in chronological order. We can speculate as to why that might be (I suspect the explanation is something to do with the two executables appearing in different packages) but the reason is not the important thing here, just be aware that you should be ordering by [message_time] rather than [event_message_id] if you want to get 100% accurate insights into your executions. @Jamiet

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