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• Viewing Postscript (or PDF) on OS X: Aliasing issues

  - by mankoff

  I am generating postscript graphics and am trying to find a balance between non-aliasing and over-aliasing. If I use the raw ghostscript viewer gs on the Postscript, it looks good. The text appears anti-aliased, but the image remains nice and blocky. Unfortunately, gs has no real user interface and loses all of the nice things that Preview.app has. I could install gv, but the dependency bloat is huge! It requires all of gnome. And even that isn't a great viewer compared to Preview.app or Skim.app. Here is an image viewed with gs: From a user-interaction and Mac-ish perspective, Preview.app (or Skim.app is a much nicer program to use. They have the option to turn on or off aliasing, but neither option looks very good. Which aliasing on, the image is blurry. When it is off, the graphic matches what is seen from gs, but there are two issues. Minor issue: the font is ugly. Uglier than with gs. Major issue: Every PDF is un-aliased, making it hard to read regular PDFs full of text. So, in summary: Is there a way to manually generate the PDF from the PS that overcomes these issues? Is there a way to find a middle ground of alias/unalias with Preview.app? Is there another app that displays with quality like gs, but has a decent UI like Skim.app or Preview.app Is there a way to have Preview.app turn off aliasing for only one file (containing graphics) but leave it enabled in general so that text PDFs are still readable?

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• Discrepancy in file size on disk and ls output

  - by smokinguns

  I have a script that checks for gzipped file sizes greater than 1MB and outputs files along with their sizes as a report. This is the code: myReport=`ls -ltrh "$somePath" | egrep '\.gz$' | awk '{print $9,"=>",$5}'` # Count files that exceed 1MB oversizeFiles=`find "$somePath" -maxdepth 1 -size +1M -iname "*.gz" -print0 | xargs -0 ls -lh | wc -l` if [ $oversizeFiles -eq 0 ];then status="PASS" else status="CHECK FAILED. FOUND FILES GREATER THAN 1MB" fi echo -e $status"\n"$myReport The problem is that ls command outputs the files sizes as 1.0MB in the report but the status is "FAIL" as "$oversizeFiles" variable's value is 2. I checked the file sizes on disk and 2 files are 1.1MB. Why this discrepancy? How should I modify the script so that I can generate an accurate report? BTW, I'm on a Mac. Here is what man page for "find" says on my Mac OSX: -size n[ckMGTP] True if the file's size, rounded up, in 512-byte blocks is n. If n is followed by a c,then the primary is true if the file's size is n bytes (characters). Similarly if n is followed by a scale indicator then the file's size is compared to n scaled as: k kilobytes (1024 bytes) M megabytes (1024 kilobytes) G gigabytes (1024 megabytes) T terabytes (1024 gigabytes) P petabytes (1024 terabytes)

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• Can we do a DNSSEC 101? [closed]

  - by PAStheLoD

  Please share your opinions, FAQs, HOWTOs, best practices (or links to the one you think is the best) and your fears and thoughts about the whole migration (or should I just call it a new piece of tech?). Is DNSSEC just for DNS providers (name server operators)? What ought John Doe to do, who hosts johndoe.com at some random provider (GoDaddy, DreamHost and such)? Also, what if the provider's name server doesn't do automatic signing magic, can John do it manually? In a fire-and-forget way, without touching KSKs and ZSKs rollovers and updating and headaches?) Does it bring any change regarding CERT records? Do browsers support it? How come it became so complex? Why didn't they just merged it with SSL? DKIM is pretty straightforward, IANA/IETF could've opted for something like that. (Yes I know that creating a trust anchor would be still problematic, but browsers are already full of CA certs. So, they could've just let anyone get a cert for a domain for shiny green padlocks, or just generate one for a poor blue lock, put it into a TXT record, encrypt the other records and let the parent zone sign the whole for you with its cert.) Thanks! And for disclosure (it seemed like the customary thing to do around here), I've asked the same on the netsec subreddit.

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• How can I stop Excel from eating my delicious CSV files and excreting useless data?

  - by atroon

  I have a database which tracks sales of widgets by serial number. Users enter purchaser data and quantity, and scan each widget into a custom client program. They then finalize the order. This all works flawlessly. Some customers want an Excel-compatible spreadsheet of the widgets they have purchased. We generate this with a PHP script which queries the database and outputs the result as a CSV with the store name and associated data. This works perfectly well too. When opened in a text editor such as Notepad or vi, the file looks like this: "Account Number","Store Name","S1","S2","S3","Widget Type","Date" "4173","SpeedyCorp","268435459705526269","","268435459705526269","848 Model Widget","2011-01-17" As you can see, the serial numbers are present (in this case twice, not all secondary serials are the same) and are long strings of numbers. When this file is opened in Excel, the result becomes: Account Number Store Name S1 S2 S3 Widget Type Date 4173 SpeedyCorp 2.68435E+17 2.68435E+17 848 Model Widget 2011-01-17 As you may have observed, the serial numbers are enclosed by double quotes. Excel does not seem to respect text qualifiers in .csv files. When importing these files into Access, we have zero difficulty. When opening them as text, no trouble at all. But Excel, without fail, converts these files into useless garbage. Trying to instruct end users in the art of opening a CSV file with a non-default application is becoming, shall we say, tiresome. Is there hope? Is there a setting I've been unable to find? This seems to be the case with Excel 2003, 2007, and 2010.

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• Is there a utility to visualise / isolate and watch application calls

  - by MyStream

  Note: I'm not sure what to search for so guidance on that may be just as valuable as an answer. I'm looking for a way to visually compare activity of two applications (in this case a webserver with php communicating with the system or mysql or network devices, etc) such that I can compare the performance at a glance. I know there are tools to generate data dumps from benchmarks for apache and some available for php for tracing that you can dump and analyse but what I'm looking for is something that can report performance metrics visually from data on calls (what called what, how long did it take, how much memory did it consume, how can that be represented visually in a call stack) and present it graphically as if it were a topology or layered visual with different elements of system calls occupying different layers. A typical visual may consist of (e.g. using swim diagrams as just one analogy): Network (details here relevant to network diagnostics) | ^ back out v | Linux (details here related to firewall/routing diagnostics) ^ back to network | | V ^ back to system Apache (details here related to web request) | | ^ response to V | apache PHP (etc) PHP---------->other accesses to php files/resources----- | ^ v | MySQL (total time) MySQL | ^ V | Each call listed + time + tables hit/record returned My aim would be to be able to 'inspect' a request/range of requests over a period of time to see what constituted the activity at that point in time and trace it from beginning to end as a diagnostic tool. Is there any such work in this direction? I realise it would be intensive on the server, but the intention is to benchmark and analyse processes against each other for both educational and professional reasons and a visual aid is a great eye-opener compared to raw statistics or dozens of discrete activity vs time graphs. It's hard to show the full cycle. Any pointers welcome. Thanks! FROM COMMENTS: > XHProf in conjunction with other programs such as Perconna toolkit > (percona.com/doc/percona-toolkit/2.0/pt-pmp.html) for mySQL run apache > with httpd -X & (Single threaded debug mode and background) then > attach with strace -> kcache grind

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• How to allow users to transfer files to other users on linux

  - by Jon Bringhurst

  We have an environment of a few thousand users running applications on about 40 clusters ranging in size from 20 compute nodes to 98,000 compute nodes. Users on these systems generate massive files (sometimes 1PB) controlled by traditional unix permissions (ACLs usually aren't available or practical due to the specialized nature of the filesystem). We currently have a program called "give", which is a suid-root program that allows a user to "give" a file to another user when group permissions are insufficient. So, a user would type something like the following to give a file to another user: > give username-to-give-to filename-to-give ... The receiving user can then use a command called "take" (part of the give program) to receive the file: > take filename-to-receive The permissions of the file are then effectively transferred over to the receiving user. This program has been around for years and we'd like to revisit things from a security and functional point of view. Our current plan of action is to remove the bit rot in our current implementation of "give" and package it up as an open source app before we redeploy it into production. Does anyone have another method they use to transfer extremely large files between users when only traditional unix permissions are available?

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• How to change the mail domain server so it's not displaying IP? Changing [email protected] to [email protected]

  - by Pavel

  Hi guys. I'm kinda a noob as a server admin so please bear with me. I've installed postfix mail server and everything is working fine but the 'from' box is displaying [email protected]. I want to set it up so it displays domainname.com instead of IP. I just hope you know what I mean. My main.cf in postfix folder looks like this: # See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version # Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first # line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default # is /etc/mailname. myorigin = /etc/mailname smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) biff = no # appending .domain is the MUA's job. append_dot_mydomain = no # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings #delay_warning_time = 4h readme_directory = no # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache # See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for # information on enabling SSL in the smtp client. myhostname = mail.thevinylfactory alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases myorigin = /etc/mailname mydestination = mail.thevinylfactory.com, thevinylfactory, localhost.localdomain, localhost relayhost = mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all Can anyone help me with this one? If you need any more details please let me know. Thanks in advance!

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• Should I use nginx exclusively, or have it as a proxy to Tomcat (performance related)?

  - by Kevin

  I've planned to create a website that'll be pretty heavy on dynamic content, and want to know what would be the wisest choice for part of my webstack. Right now I'm trying to decide whether I should develop upon nginx, using PHP to deliver the dynamic content, or use nginx as a proxy to Tomcat and use servlets to deliver the dynamic content. I have a good amount of experience with Java, JSP, and servlets, so that's a plus right off the bat. Also, since it is a compiled language, it will execute faster than PHP (it is implied here that Java is around 37x faster than PHP) , and will create the web pages faster. I have no experience with PHP, however i'm under the impression that it is easy to pick up. It's slower than Java, but since the client will only be communicating with nginx, I'm thinking that serving the dynamically created web pages to the client will be faster this way. Considering these things, i'd like to know: Are my assumptions correct? Where does the bottleneck occur: creating pages or serving them back to the client? Will proxying Tomcat with nginx give me any of nginx performance benefits if I'm going to be using Tomcat to generate the dynamic content (keeping in mind my site is going to be heavy in this aspect)? I don't mind learning PHP if, in the end, its going to give me the best performance. I just want to know what would be the best choice from that standpoint.

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• Monitoring instantaneous network throughput at one second intervals?

  - by Shaddi

  For a testing setup I have, I need to monitor the throughput through a "router"* at regular intervals of around 5 seconds or less (sub-second intervals would be very nice, but not required). Ideally, I would be able to generate a file which contained both the number of bytes and packets seen during each interval. I will eventually be generating a time-series of throughput from this data. On a previous setup using an older version of FreeBSD, there was a tool called "bpfmon" which gave me this information. However, I need to do this under a modern version of Linux (namely, Ubuntu 11.04). I have looked at both iptraf and iftop, but these do not appear to provide the resolution I need, nor do they seem to easily allow scraping the data I need. I understand iptables statistics may be able to give me what I'm after, but the examples I've seen of this seem to rely on repeatedly reading and resetting traffic counters, which seems like it could give inaccurate as read/reset is not an atomic operation. I already capture a tcpdump trace of the traffic I'm interested in on the link I want to monitor, so I am open to approaches which simply parse that. I feel like this must be a common problem though, so I am hoping there will be a standard "best practice" tool for accomplishing this. *I say "router" in quotes because I am really talking about a machine with two bridged NICs through which all the traffic I'm interested in passes.

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• Get Matrox Millenium video card working in Ubuntu 9.10

  - by wcoenen

  I have installed Ubuntu 9.10 on an old PC and it is mostly working, except for some heavy drawing defects that show up whenever I start dragging a window or scrolling inside a window or menu. It looks like the video driver copies the rectangle being moved to the wrong location. I have taken a look in /var/log/Xorg.0.log and the following line shows the detected video card: (--) PCI:*(0:0:8:0) 102b:0519:0000:0000 Matrox Graphics, Inc. MGA 2064W [Millennium] rev 1, Mem@ 0xf9800000/16384, 0xfb000000/8388608, BIOS @0x????????/65536 (==) Using default built-in configuration (30 lines) (==) --- Start of built-in configuration --- Section "Device" Identifier "Builtin Default mga Device 0" Driver "mga" EndSection How do I fix the drawing defects? It turned out that the 24 bit color depth (automatically selected by ubuntu 9.10) was the problem; apparantly the mga driver doesn't handle this well for cards with little memory. I took the following steps to resolve the issue (you can skip the first three steps if you already have a semi-working xorg.conf file): Reboot ubuntu in recovery mode, to get a root console without X running. Run Xorg -configure to generate a xorg.conf.new file Copy the file to /etc/X11/xorg.conf with cp xorg.conf.new /etc/X11/xorg.conf (assuming it didn't exist yet; that's why I generated it) Open the new config file with sudo nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf and make sure the screen section is configured for 16 bit color depth like this: Section "Screen" Identifier "Screen0" Device "Card0" Monitor "Monitor0" DefaultDepth 16 SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 16 Modes "1024x768" EndSubSection EndSection I can't guarantee those were the only important changes I made - I tried a few things in my attempts to create a valid xorg.conf file. But I'm pretty sure that the screen section was the important part.

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• Ram configuration 4x4 or 2x8?

  - by Carl B

  I am looking to upgrade my Ram to 16gigs and I am wondering if there is any distinct advantage of the way I do it. That being a 4x4 or 2x8 set up. In all my searching there have been a number of pros for each profile. I can find no benchmarck results for either setup as a compaison. So, if there are 2 profiles of the same speed, same voltage, same timing and same cas what would perform better or have a better over all benafit? A few examples from my search - a 4x4 set would lend a benafit in that if one stick failed, you only lose 25% of your Ram vs 50% in a 2x8 set up. a 2x8 set up would have less strain on the memory controler and motherboard. a 2x8 would generate less heat. a 2x8 set up is easier to over clock (not part of my need, but alot of the comparisons circled around the overclocability ease of the 2 stick set up). There is one outstanding benafit that I have found in at least the target company I have looked at and that is price. The 2x8 is nearly half the cost. My motherboard supports a max of 16 gigs and I have a 64 bit OS. Has anyone seen any performance comparisons or is 16 gb just 16 gb no matter how you slice it? And is there any merit to the above pros? Edit: as per the mobo specs - Main Memory • Supports four unbuffered DIMM of 1.5 Volt DDR3 800/1066/1333/1600*/1800*/2133* (OC) DRAM, 16GB Max

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• Zabbix doesn't update value from file neither with log[] nor with vfs.file.regexp[] item

  - by tymik

  I am using Zabbix 2.2. I have a very specific environment, where I have to generate desired data to file via script, then upload that file to ftp from host and download it to Zabbix server from ftp. After file is downloaded, I check it with log[] and vfs.file.regexp[] items. I use these items as below: log[/path/to/file.txt,"C.*\s([0-9]+\.[0-9])$",Windows-1250,,"all",\1] vfs.file.regexp[/path/to/file.txt,"C.*\s([0-9]+\.[0-9])$",Windows-1250,,,\1] The line I am parsing looks like below: C: 8195Mb 5879Mb 2316Mb 28.2 The value I want to extract is 28.2 at the end of file. The problem I am currently trying to solve is that when I update the file (upload from host to ftp, then download from ftp to Zabbix server), the value does not update. I was trying only log[] at start, but I suspect, that log[] treat the file as real log file and doesn't check the same lines (althought, following the documentation, it should with "all" value), so I added vfs.file.regexp[] item too. The log[] has received a value in past, but it doesn't update. The vfs.file.regexp[] hasn't received any value so far. file.txt has got reuploaded and redownloaded several times and situation doesn't change. It seems that log[] reads only new lines in the file, it doesn't check lines already caught if there are any changes. The zabbix_agentd.log file doesn't report any problem with access to file, nor with regexp construction (it did report "unsupported" for log[] key, when I had something set up wrong). I use debug logging level for agent - I haven't found any interesting info about that problem. I have no idea what I might be doing wrong or what I do not know about how Zabbix is performing these checks. I see 2 solutions for that: adding more lines to the file instead of making new one or making new files and check them with logrt[], but those doesn't satisfy my desires. Any help is greatly appreciated. Of course I will provide additional information, if requested - for now I don't know what else might be useful.

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• Can I regenerate the rsa key for SSH access to a Cisco router? Or should I completely erase the SSH config?

  - by Josh

  I have a production 2691 that I administer via telnet. I'd like to change that to SSH. Looking at the config, it looks like there have been keys generated in the past. I think the history here is SSH was set up, they had issues connecting, and fell back to telnet. There are a number of crypto entries, including the following: crypto pki trustpoint Gateway-2691.xxx.com enrollment selfsigned subject-name cn=IOS-Gateway-2691.xxx.com revocation-check none rsakeypair Gateway-2691.xxx.com I've also got this going... Gateway-2691#sh ip ssh SSH Disabled - version 1.99 %Please create RSA keys (of atleast 768 bits size) to enable SSH v2. Authentication timeout: 120 secs; Authentication retries: 3 Gateway-2691# My question is simply, can I run crypto key generate rsa again to set it up again? Is there a way to negate or no all of the previous ssh config so that I can start fresh there? I may be asking the wrong questions, as I'm learning here. As for the SSH how-to, I'm sure I can find information in many places. I'm just basically wondering if I need to start fresh, or if I can pick up where the last attempt at SSH config left off.

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• How do I configure IIS to allow access to network resources for PHP scripts?

  - by Dereleased

  I am currently working on a PHP front-end that joins together a series of applications running on separate servers; many of these applications generate files that I need access to, but these files (for various reasons) reside on their parent servers. If I, from the command line, issue a bit of script such as: <?php var_dump(glob("\\\\machine-name\\some\\share\\*")); I will get the full contents of that directory, proving that there's no problem programmatically with PHP reading the contents of a UNC share. However, if I try to execute the same script from the web server, I get an empty array -- more specifically, if I use more explicitly functions designed to "open" a directory like it was a file, I get access errors. I believe this to be a permissions issue, but I am not a server/network administrator type, so I'm not sure what I need to do to correct this and get my script running, and the links I've checked out have not been a terrible amount of help, perhaps due to my background, or lack thereof as far as IIS is concerned, coupled with the fact that we are not actually using .NET for this. Relevant Stats: Windows Server 2008 Standard SP2 IIS 7.0 PHP 5.2.9 I will be connecting to two types of servers: a few other nearly-identical Server 2008 machines, and a machine running embedded XP. Links that have not been particularly helpful but maybe I am just misreading: http://support.microsoft.com/?id=306158 http://support.microsoft.com/kb/207671/EN-US/ http://support.microsoft.com/kb/280383/

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• Is there any reason this cronjob would fail in cron, but not on the command line?

  - by Treffynnon

  I have written a little one liner that will email me when a list of files changes - I used sha512 to generate a list of hashes and then periodically check that those hashes still match. */5 * * * * /usr/bin/sha512sum --status -c /sha512.sumlist && echo "Success" > /dev/null || echo "Check robots.txt and index.html in /var/www as staging sites are now potentially exposed to the world and the damned googlebot" | /usr/bin/mail -s "Default staging server files have changed" [email protected] It works fine on the command line with: /usr/bin/sha512sum --status -c /sha512.sumlist && echo "Success" > /dev/null || echo "Check robots.txt and index.html in /var/www as staging sites are now potentially exposed to the world and the damned googlebot" | /usr/bin/mail -s "Default staging server files have changed" [email protected] As soon as I run it as a cronjob though it emails every time it runs with the failure message instead of only when the sha512sum check should fail. Is there something silly I have missed in a rush? I forgot to mention that I am running an Ubuntu machine.

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• Adventures in Drupal multisite config with mod_rewrite and clean urls

  - by moexu

  The university where I work is planning to offer Drupal hosting to staff/faculty who want a Drupal site. We've set up Drupal multisite with clean urls and it's mostly working except for some weird redirects. If you have two sites where one is a substring of the other then you'll randomly be redirected to the other site. I tracked the problem to how mod_rewrite does path matching, so with a config file like this: RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/drupal RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /drupal/index.php?q=$1 [last,qsappend] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/drupaltest RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /drupaltest/index.php?q=$1 [last,qsappend] /drupaltest will match the /drupal line and all of the links on the /drupaltest page will be rewritten to point to /drupal. If you put the end of string character ($) at the end of each rewrite condition then it will always match on the correct site and the links will always be rewritten correctly. That breaks down as soon as a user logs in though because the query string is appended to the url so just the base url will no longer match. You can also fix the problem by ordering the sites in the config file so that the smallest substring will always be last. I suggested storing all of the sites in a table and then querying, sorting, and rewriting the config file every time a Drupal site is requested so that we could guarantee the order. The system administrator thought that was kludgy and didn't address the root problem. Disabling clean urls should also fix the problem but the users really want them so I'd prefer to keep them if possible. I think we could also fix it by using an .htaccess file in each site to handle the clean url rewriting but that also seems suboptimal since it will generate a higher load on the server and the server is intended to host the majority of the university's external facing web content. Is there some magic I can do with mod_rewrite to get it to work? Would another solution be better? Am I doing something the wrong way to begin with?

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• Disk fragmentation when dealing with many small files

  - by Zorlack

  On a daily basis we generate about 3.4 Million small jpeg files. We also delete about 3.4 Million 90 day old images. To date, we've dealt with this content by storing the images in a hierarchical manner. The heriarchy is something like this: /Year/Month/Day/Source/ This heirarchy allows us to effectively delete days worth of content across all sources. The files are stored on a Windows 2003 server connected to a 14 disk SATA RAID6. We've started having significant performance issues when writing-to and reading-from the disks. This may be due to the performance of the hardware, but I suspect that disk fragmentation may be a culprit at well. Some people have recommended storing the data in a database, but I've been hesitant to do this. An other thought was to use some sort of container file, like a VHD or something. Does anyone have any advice for mitigating this kind of fragmentation? Additional Info: The average file size is 8-14KB Format information from fsutil: NTFS Volume Serial Number : 0x2ae2ea00e2e9d05d Version : 3.1 Number Sectors : 0x00000001e847ffff Total Clusters : 0x000000003d08ffff Free Clusters : 0x000000001c1a4df0 Total Reserved : 0x0000000000000000 Bytes Per Sector : 512 Bytes Per Cluster : 4096 Bytes Per FileRecord Segment : 1024 Clusters Per FileRecord Segment : 0 Mft Valid Data Length : 0x000000208f020000 Mft Start Lcn : 0x00000000000c0000 Mft2 Start Lcn : 0x000000001e847fff Mft Zone Start : 0x0000000002163b20 Mft Zone End : 0x0000000007ad2000

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• Windows 7 using llt for ipv6

  - by Seoman

  The question asked below is based on the specific implementations of the Os not the RFC. Looking on a way to be able to assign a fixed ip address to a host, before it boots I found that Centos 6 works fine with no modifications and Windows 7 does not work at all. As defined in enter link description here exists 3 valid ways of generate a DUID: 1 Link-layer address plus time 2 Vendor-assigned unique ID based on Enterprise Number 3 Link-layer address Looking at the centos, that works fine, I can see the following autogenerated DUID: option dhcp6.client-id 0:1:0:1:19:60:25:f1:52:54:0:6b:b9:9e; and the MAC address for this host is: ifconfig eth1 | grep HWaddr eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:6B:B9:9E As you can see, the DUID containts the MAC address. I can assign a fixed ip address to this host by including an entry on my dhcp server similar to: host vm { hardware ethernet 52:54:00:6B:B9:9E; fixed-address6 2001:db8:0:1::200; if packet(0,1) = 1 { log(debug,"VM Request match!"); } } And the Centos 6 gets his ip. On the windows side, I faced a common problem explained on this other link enter link description here As summary, Win7 uses the option 2 of the DUID generation or a variation of this one. On the link explains how to move it to a llt (link layer + time) but is not working fine. If I modify the DUID to one that looks like the one generated on Centos (but with the right MAC) it works as expected. Question 1 How Can I change the DUID generation for Windows 7 to be based on MAC as Centos 6 does? Thanks

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• Are there tools available for trimming PDF margins?

  - by Charles Duffy

  I have an ebook I'm trying to read in PDF format on a Kindle. Unfortunately, the page headers and footers have some content (page number and copyright info, respectively) preventing the device from scaling the actual text to match its usable area viewing area, thus leaving the actual content too small to read. Various tools are available which will trim off whitespace, but the Kindle already does this; my goal, by contrast, is to remove printed matter outside of a defined bounding box, and the only tool I've found for the purpose is moderately expensive commercial software. I could probably generate a mask in Inkscape; split out the individual pages using pdftk, apply the mask to each page individually (outputting to postscript), and recombine the numerous postscript files into a single PDF. However, this decode/reencode steps would be pretty unfortunate in terms of document size; something able to operate with a bit more finesse would be ideal. I have all major operating systems handy (Windows, several modern Linux distros, a Mac, etc) so solutions don't need to be constrained by platform. Suggestions? (I've reported the issue to the author, who mentioned it to his editor, who hasn't done anything about the issue over the course of more than a month, making the zero-work approach evidently nonproductive).

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• postfix email gateway

  - by k-h

  I am setting up a postfix email gateway. It will not hold any mail but will accept email for my domain and forward it to another internal mailserver and relay mail out from the internal server. One of the main problems is that I am working on a live running system and this will be an upgrade so I am using a test domain which I will change at some point to the real domain. I tried various methods but found the simplest way (that worked) was to use a script to create an aliases file (from ldap entries). There are various problems with this method. The main one being that the entries can't be of the simple form [email protected] because the gateway doesn't know where to send them. They have to be of the form: [email protected]. What I would like doesn't seem hard but I can't get my head around the postfix documentation. There seem to be various ways but none of them seem to work. Most of the examples I have found on the web assume the mail is going to end up on the server. I want a list of users somewhere, preferably of the form: user1, user2, etc rather than [email protected] (I can easily generate this list) and I would like postfix to forward all email to example.com to a particular server: ie realmailserver.example.com. Can anyone suggest clues as to how I might do this?

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• File exists but is unreadable by PHP

  - by Aron

  More than once I have ran into this issue: I have a cache file that is automatically generated by PHP. It contains some generated PHP code. However for some reason the file cannot be read and parsed by PHP. These are the symptoms: File actually exists on file system. Using Terminal you can navigate to the file, view its contents (which are fully intact), etcetc. PHP file_exists() will report that the file exists...which is correct since it does :) Then I include() the file. But when actually parsing the file, PHP will just consider it an empty file. No fatal error, just no PHP code actually executed. Again, its as if the file was completely empty (which I assure you, it is not)... It is not a permissions issue. Permissions are set as needed. Workaround: open the file in Terminal via 'nano' or some other text editor and just save it to the disk again. After that (despite no changes to the content) PHP will run it just fine... As a clarification, I'd like to add that this happens rarely, but frequently enough to be a problem. And even when it does, there are hundreds of other similar files on the same system that work without a problem... If this were an issue affecting only my own scripts, I would consider that there must be a bug in the way I generate the PHP code. But no, the issue has occurred more than once when deploying to a server (usually from Beanstalk repository via FTP). The issue has been present on various servers, Debian and Ubuntu running Zend Community Server. Any ideas? One that crossed my mind was opcode cache-ing (part of Zend Server CE)...could it be that an empty version of the file is cached if it is requested while the write operation is still in progress?

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• Paranormal activity in My Pictures folder: Thumbnail doesn't match actual picture.

  - by Sam152

  After finding an amusing picture on a popular imageboard, I decided to save it. A few days past and I was browsing my images folder when I realised that the thumbnail generated by Windows XP in the thumbnails view did not match the actual image. Here is a comparison image: What's even stranger in this situation is that the parts of the photograph that are different have actually been replaced with what might be the correct background. Furthermore, it is a jpeg (no PNG transparency tricks) that is 343 kilobytes but only 847x847 pixels wide. What could be going on here? Could there be anything malicious in the works, or hidden data? Before anyone asks, I have checked and preformed the following: Deleted Thumbs.db to reload thumbnails. Opened image in different editors. (they appear with the text) Moved image to a different directory. Changed the extension to .rar. All these steps produce the same results. Pre actual posting update: It seems that opening the image in paint, changing the image entirely (deleting entire contents and making a red fill) will still generate the original thumbnail, even after deleting Thumbs.db etc. I'm also hesitant to post the original data, in case there is something malicious or hidden that could be potentially illegal. (Although it would be very beneficial to see if it works on other computers and not just my own).

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• ffmpeg - creating DNxHD MFX files with alphas

  - by Hugh

  I'm struggling with something in FFMpeg at the moment... I'm trying to make DNxHD 1080p/24, 36Mb/s MXF files from a sequence of PNG files. My current command-line is: ffmpeg -y -f image2 -i /tmp/temp.%04d.png -s 1920x1080 -r 24 -vcodec dnxhd -f mxf -pix_fmt rgb32 -b 36Mb /tmp/temp.mxf To which ffmpeg gives me the output: Input #0, image2, from '/tmp/temp.%04d.png': Duration: 00:00:01.60, start: 0.000000, bitrate: N/A Stream #0.0: Video: png, rgb32, 1920x1080, 25 tbr, 25 tbn, 25 tbc Output #0, mxf, to '/tmp/temp.mxf': Stream #0.0: Video: dnxhd, yuv422p, 1920x1080, q=2-31, 36000 kb/s, 90k tbn, 24 tbc Stream mapping: Stream #0.0 -> #0.0 [mxf @ 0x1005800]unsupported video frame rate Could not write header for output file #0 (incorrect codec parameters ?) There are a few things in here that concern me: The output stream is insisting on being yuv422p, which doesn't support alpha. 24fps is an unsupported video frame rate? I've tried 23.976 too, and get the same thing. I then tried the same thing, but writing to a quicktime (still DNxHD, though) with: ffmpeg -y -f image2 -i /tmp/temp.%04d.png -s 1920x1080 -r 24 -vcodec dnxhd -f mov -pix_fmt rgb32 -b 36Mb /tmp/temp.mov This gives me the output: Input #0, image2, from '/tmp/1274263259.28098.%04d.png': Duration: 00:00:01.60, start: 0.000000, bitrate: N/A Stream #0.0: Video: png, rgb32, 1920x1080, 25 tbr, 25 tbn, 25 tbc Output #0, mov, to '/tmp/1274263259.28098.mov': Stream #0.0: Video: dnxhd, yuv422p, 1920x1080, q=2-31, 36000 kb/s, 90k tbn, 24 tbc Stream mapping: Stream #0.0 -> #0.0 Press [q] to stop encoding frame= 39 fps= 9 q=1.0 Lsize= 7177kB time=1.62 bitrate=36180.8kbits/s video:7176kB audio:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead 0.013636% Which obviously works, to a certain extent, but still has the issue of being yuv422p, and therefore losing the alpha. If I'm going to QuickTime, then I can get what I need using Shake, but my main aim here is to be able to generate .mxf files. Any thoughts? Thanks

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• When using software RAID and LVM on Linux, which IO scheduler and readahead settings are honored?

  - by andrew311

  In the case of multiple layers (physical drives - md - dm - lvm), how do the schedulers, readahead settings, and other disk settings interact? Imagine you have several disks (/dev/sda - /dev/sdd) all part of a software RAID device (/dev/md0) created with mdadm. Each device (including physical disks and /dev/md0) has its own setting for IO scheduler (changed like so) and readahead (changed using blockdev). When you throw in things like dm (crypto) and LVM you add even more layers with their own settings. For example, if the physical device has a read ahead of 128 blocks and the RAID has a readahead of 64 blocks, which is honored when I do a read from /dev/md0? Does the md driver attempt a 64 block read which the physical device driver then translates to a read of 128 blocks? Or does the RAID readahead "pass-through" to the underlying device, resulting in a 64 block read? The same kind of question holds for schedulers? Do I have to worry about multiple layers of IO schedulers and how they interact, or does the /dev/md0 effectively override underlying schedulers? In my attempts to answer this question, I've dug up some interesting data on schedulers and tools which might help figure this out: Linux Disk Scheduler Benchmarking from Google blktrace - generate traces of the i/o traffic on block devices Relevant Linux kernel mailing list thread

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• apache access and error log written in same file

  - by user196075

  i have issue that access and error log are written in same file ! , the configuration in virtualhosts.conf as the following : <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName ************ ServerAdmin support@************8 DocumentRoot /var/www/html/*********.com ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/********/********.com_error_log CustomLog /var/log/httpd/********/********.com_access_log combined <Directory /var/www/html/***********.com> Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All </Directory> </VirtualHost> as you see from the configuration each access and error logs should be save separately , but both logs are written in *.com_access_log , i have double check all permission , group and owner ... can't find anything wrong previous error in log file : [Thu Sep 19 14:15:02 2013] [error] [client 192.168.10.54] client denied by server configuration: /var/www/html/**********/show_has_offers.php i have tried to generate same error , i can find the hit in access log only as the following : 192.168.10.75 - - [24/Oct/2013:08:11:14 +0000] "GET /show_has_offers.php HTTP/1.1" 404 1586 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:22.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/22.0" 0 17332 and nothing in error log !! Please advice ...

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