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  • Linux HA cluster w/Xen, Heartbeat, Pacemaker. domU does not failover to secondary node

    - by Kendall
    I am having the followig problem with an OenSuSE + Heartbeat + Pacemaker + Xen HA cluster: when the node a Xen domU is running on is "dead" the Xen domU running on it is not restarted on the second node. The cluster is setup with two nodes, each running OpenSuSE-11.3, Heartbeat 3.0, and Pacemaker 1.0 in CRM mode. For storage I am using a LUN on an iSCSI SAN device; the LUN is formatted with OCFS2 and managed with LVM. The Xen domU has two logical volumes; one for root and the other for swap. I am using IPMI cards for STONITH devices, and a dedicated ethernet link for heartbeat communications. The ha.cf file is as follows: keepalive 1 deadtime 10 warntime 5 udpport 694 ucast eth1 auto_failback off node dhcp-166 node stage use_logd yes crm yes My resources look as follows: shocrm(live)configure# show node $id="5c1aa924-bba4-4f95-a367-6c9a58ac4a38" dhcp-166 node $id="cebc92eb-af24-4833-aaf0-672adf80b58e" stage primitive Xen-Util ocf:heartbeat:Xen \ meta target-role="Started" \ operations $id="Xen-Util-operations" \ op start interval="0" timeout="60" start-delay="0" \ op stop interval="0" timeout="120" \ params xmfile="/etc/xen/vm/xen-util" primitive my-stonith stonith:external/ipmi \ params hostname="dhcp-166" ipaddr="192.168.3.106" userid="ADMIN" passwd="xxx" \ op monitor interval="2m" timeout="60s" primitive my-stonith2 stonith:external/ipmi \ params hostname="stage" ipaddr="192.168.3.105" userid="ADMIN" passwd="xxx" \ op monitor interval="2m" timeout="60s" property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" \ dc-version="1.0.9-89bd754939df5150de7cd76835f98fe90851b677" \ cluster-infrastructure="Heartbeat" The Xen domU config file is as follows: name = "xen-util" bootloader = "/usr/lib/xen/boot/domUloader.py" #bootargs = "xvda1:/vmlinuz-xen,/initrd-xen" bootargs = "--entry=xvda1:/boot/vmlinuz-xen,/boot/initrd-xen" memory = 4096 disk = [ 'phy:vg_xen/xen-util-root,xvda1,w', 'phy:vg_xen/xen-util-swap,xvda2,w', ] root = "/dev/xvda1" vif = [ 'mac=00:16:3e:42:42:06' ] #vfb = [ 'type=vnc,vncunused=0,vnclisten=192.168.3.172' ] extra = "" Say domU "Xen-Util" is running on node "stage"; if "stage" goes down, "Xen-Util" does not restart on node "dhcp-166". It seems to want to try as an "xm list" will show it for a few seconds and if you "xm console xen-util" it will give a message like "copying /boot/kernel.gz from xvda1 to /var/lib/xen/tmp/kernel.a53gs for booting". However, it never gets past that, eventually gives up, and no longer appears in "xm list". Now, when node "stage" comes back online after being power cycled, it detects that "Xen-Util" isn't running, and starts it (on stage). I've tried starting "Xen-Util" on node "dhcp-166" without the cluster running, and it works fine. No problems. So, I know it works in that respect. Any ideas? Thanks!

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  • Apache2 Segfault - need help interpreting this coredump (suspect cause is memcache / php session related)

    - by WayneDV
    Three Apache2 web servers running a PHP 5.2.3 web site. We're using Memcache to cache rendered pages but also as the storage engine of the PHP Sessions. At peak traffic times we're getting Apache segmentation faults on all three web servers and all HTTPD child processes segfault. My gut tells me that the increased Memcache traffic is stopping PHP sessions from being created or cleaned up and thus the processes die. Is it possible for someone to confirm that from the following? : #0 _zend_mm_free_int (heap=0x7fb67a075820, p=0x7fb67a011538) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/Zend/zend_alloc.c:2018 #1 0x00007fb665d02e82 in mmc_buffer_free (request=0x7fb67a011548) at /usr/src/debug/php-pecl-memcache-3.0.4/memcache-3.0.4/memcache_pool.c:50 #2 mmc_request_free (request=0x7fb67a011548) at /usr/src/debug/php-pecl-memcache-3.0.4/memcache-3.0.4/memcache_pool.c:169 #3 0x00007fb665d031ea in mmc_pool_free (pool=0x7fb67a00e458) at /usr/src/debug/php-pecl-memcache-3.0.4/memcache-3.0.4/memcache_pool.c:917 #4 0x00007fb665d0a2f1 in ps_close_memcache (mod_data=0x7fb66d625440) at /usr/src/debug/php-pecl-memcache-3.0.4/memcache-3.0.4/memcache_session.c:185 #5 0x00007fb66d1b0935 in php_session_save_current_state () at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/ext/session/session.c:625 #6 php_session_flush () at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/ext/session/session.c:1517 #7 0x00007fb66d1b0c1b in zm_deactivate_session (type=<value optimized out>, module_number=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/ext/session/session.c:2171 #8 0x00007fb66d2a719c in module_registry_cleanup (module=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/Zend/zend_API.c:2150 #9 0x00007fb66d2b1994 in zend_hash_reverse_apply (ht=0x7fb66d629d60, apply_func=0x7fb66d2a7180 <module_registry_cleanup>) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/Zend/zend_hash.c:755 #10 0x00007fb66d2a5c0d in zend_deactivate_modules () at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/Zend/zend.c:866 #11 0x00007fb66d2541b5 in php_request_shutdown (dummy=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/main/main.c:1607 #12 0x00007fb66d32e037 in php_apache_request_dtor (r=0x7fb67a229658) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/sapi/apache2handler/sapi_apache2.c:509 #13 php_handler (r=0x7fb67a229658) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/sapi/apache2handler/sapi_apache2.c:681 #14 0x00007fb6784166f0 in ap_run_handler (r=0x7fb67a229658) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/config.c:158 #15 0x00007fb678419f58 in ap_invoke_handler (r=0x7fb67a229658) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/config.c:372 #16 0x00007fb6784254f0 in ap_process_request (r=0x7fb67a229658) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/modules/http/http_request.c:282 #17 0x00007fb678422418 in ap_process_http_connection (c=0x7fb67a2193a8) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/modules/http/http_core.c:190 #18 0x00007fb67841e1b8 in ap_run_process_connection (c=0x7fb67a2193a8) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/connection.c:43 #19 0x00007fb678429f4b in child_main (child_num_arg=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/mpm/prefork/prefork.c:662 #20 0x00007fb67842a21a in make_child (s=0x7fb679cd7860, slot=153) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/mpm/prefork/prefork.c:758 #21 0x00007fb67842aea4 in perform_idle_server_maintenance (_pconf=<value optimized out>, plog=<value optimized out>, s=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/mpm/prefork/prefork.c:893 #22 ap_mpm_run (_pconf=<value optimized out>, plog=<value optimized out>, s=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/mpm/prefork/prefork.c:1097 #23 0x00007fb678402890 in main (argc=1, argv=0x7fff6fecacb8) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/main.c:740 PHP.INI Follows: [PHP] engine = On short_open_tag = On asp_tags = Off precision = 14 y2k_compliance = On output_buffering = 4096 zlib.output_compression = Off implicit_flush = Off unserialize_callback_func = serialize_precision = 100 allow_call_time_pass_reference = Off safe_mode = Off safe_mode_gid = Off safe_mode_include_dir = safe_mode_exec_dir = safe_mode_allowed_env_vars = PHP_ safe_mode_protected_env_vars = LD_LIBRARY_PATH disable_functions = disable_classes = expose_php = On max_execution_time = 30 max_input_time = 60 memory_limit = 128M error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED display_errors = Off display_startup_errors = Off log_errors = Off log_errors_max_len = 1024 ignore_repeated_errors = Off ignore_repeated_source = Off report_memleaks = On track_errors = Off html_errors = Off variables_order = "GPCS" request_order = "GP" register_globals = Off register_long_arrays = Off register_argc_argv = Off auto_globals_jit = On post_max_size = 8M magic_quotes_gpc = Off magic_quotes_runtime = Off magic_quotes_sybase = Off auto_prepend_file = auto_append_file = default_mimetype = "text/html" doc_root = user_dir = enable_dl = Off file_uploads = On upload_max_filesize = 2M allow_url_fopen = On allow_url_include = Off default_socket_timeout = 60 [Date] [filter] [iconv] [intl] [sqlite] [sqlite3] [Pcre] [Pdo] [Phar] [Syslog] define_syslog_variables = Off [mail function] SMTP = localhost smtp_port = 25 sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i mail.add_x_header = On [SQL] sql.safe_mode = Off [ODBC] odbc.allow_persistent = On odbc.check_persistent = On odbc.max_persistent = -1 odbc.max_links = -1 odbc.defaultlrl = 4096 odbc.defaultbinmode = 1 [MySQL] mysql.allow_persistent = On mysql.max_persistent = -1 mysql.max_links = -1 mysql.default_port = mysql.default_socket = mysql.default_host = mysql.default_user = mysql.default_password = mysql.connect_timeout = 60 mysql.trace_mode = Off [MySQLi] mysqli.max_links = -1 mysqli.default_port = 3306 mysqli.default_socket = mysqli.default_host = mysqli.default_user = mysqli.default_pw = mysqli.reconnect = Off [PostgresSQL] pgsql.allow_persistent = On pgsql.auto_reset_persistent = Off pgsql.max_persistent = -1 pgsql.max_links = -1 pgsql.ignore_notice = 0 pgsql.log_notice = 0 [Sybase-CT] sybct.allow_persistent = On sybct.max_persistent = -1 sybct.max_links = -1 sybct.min_server_severity = 10 sybct.min_client_severity = 10 [bcmath] bcmath.scale = 0 [browscap] [Session] session.save_handler = files session.save_path = "/var/lib/php/session" session.use_cookies = 1 session.use_only_cookies = 1 session.name = PHPSESSID session.auto_start = 1 session.cookie_lifetime = 0 session.cookie_path = / session.cookie_domain = session.cookie_httponly = session.serialize_handler = php session.gc_probability = 1 session.gc_divisor = 1000 session.gc_maxlifetime = 1440 session.bug_compat_42 = Off session.bug_compat_warn = Off session.referer_check = session.entropy_length = 0 session.entropy_file = session.cache_limiter = nocache session.cache_expire = 180 session.use_trans_sid = 0 session.hash_function = 0 session.hash_bits_per_character = 5 url_rewriter.tags = "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry" [MSSQL] mssql.allow_persistent = On mssql.max_persistent = -1 mssql.max_links = -1 mssql.min_error_severity = 10 mssql.min_message_severity = 10 mssql.compatability_mode = Off mssql.secure_connection = Off [Assertion] [COM] [mbstring] [gd] [exif] [Tidy] tidy.clean_output = Off [soap] soap.wsdl_cache_enabled=1 soap.wsdl_cache_dir="/tmp" soap.wsdl_cache_ttl=86400 /etc/php.d/memcached.ini : session.save_path="tcp://memcache1:11211?persistent=1&weight=1&timeout=3&retry_interval=15"

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  • Benchmarking hosting providers IO with Bonnie

    - by Derek Organ
    Ok, because of a bunch of projects I'm working on I've access to dedicated Servers on a 3 hosting providers. As an experiment and for educational purposes I decided to see if I could benchmark how good the IO is with each. Bit of research lead me to Bonnie++ So I installed it on the server and ran this simple command /usr/sbin/bonnie -d /tmp/foo The 3 machines in different hosting providers are all dedicated machines, one is a VPS, other two are on some cloud platform e.g. VMWare / Xen using some kind of clustered SAN for storage This might be a naive thing to do but here are the results I found. HOST A Version 1.03c ------Sequential Output------ --Sequential Input- --Random- -Per Chr- --Block-- -Rewrite- -Per Chr- --Block-- --Seeks-- Machine Size K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP /sec %CP xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 1G 45081 88 56244 14 19167 4 20965 40 67110 6 67.2 0 ------Sequential Create------ --------Random Create-------- -Create-- --Read--- -Delete-- -Create-- --Read--- -Delete-- files /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP 16 15264 28 +++++ +++ +++++ +++ +++++ +++ +++++ +++ +++++ +++ xxxxxxxx,1G,45081,88,56244,14,19167,4,20965,40,67110,6,67.2,0,16,15264,28,+++++,+++,+++++,+++,+++++,+++,+++++,+++,+++++,+++ HOST B Version 1.03d ------Sequential Output------ --Sequential Input- --Random- -Per Chr- --Block-- -Rewrite- -Per Chr- --Block-- --Seeks-- Machine Size K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP /sec %CP xxxxxxxxxxxx 4G 43070 91 64510 15 19092 0 29276 47 39169 0 448.2 0 ------Sequential Create------ --------Random Create-------- -Create-- --Read--- -Delete-- -Create-- --Read--- -Delete-- files /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP 16 24799 52 +++++ +++ +++++ +++ 25443 54 +++++ +++ +++++ +++ xxxxxxx,4G,43070,91,64510,15,19092,0,29276,47,39169,0,448.2,0,16,24799,52,+++++,+++,+++++,+++,25443,54,+++++,+++,+++++,+++ HOST C Version 1.03c ------Sequential Output------ --Sequential Input- --Random- -Per Chr- --Block-- -Rewrite- -Per Chr- --Block-- --Seeks-- Machine Size K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP /sec %CP xxxxxxxxxxxxx 1536M 15598 22 85698 13 258969 20 16194 22 723655 21 +++++ +++ ------Sequential Create------ --------Random Create-------- -Create-- --Read--- -Delete-- -Create-- --Read--- -Delete-- files /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP 16 14142 22 +++++ +++ 18621 22 13544 22 +++++ +++ 17363 21 xxxxxxxx,1536M,15598,22,85698,13,258969,20,16194,22,723655,21,+++++,+++,16,14142,22,+++++,+++,18621,22,13544,22,+++++,+++,17363,21 Ok, so first off what is the best way to read the figures and are there any issues with really comparing these numbers? Is this in any way a true representation of IO Speed? If not is there any way for me to test that? Note: these 3 machines are using either Ubuntu or Debian (I presume that doesn't really matter)

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  • ESXi 5.1 ghettoVCB stuck at Clone: 10% done

    - by stormdrain
    Trying to run ghettoVCB for the first time here. I am using a NAS that is set up as a datastore on the host. I did a dry run and it completed without error. The VM is ~500GB and there is only one on the host that I'm trying to backup. I proceeded to start the actual backup: ./ghettoVCB.sh -m vmname -g ghettoVCB.conf It goes though the config and looks like it's taking off: 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - USING GLOBAL GHETTOVCB CONFIGURATION FILE = ghettoVCB.conf 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - VERSION = 2013_01_11_0 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - GHETTOVCB_PID = 17398616 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - VM_BACKUP_VOLUME = /vmfs/volumes/nas2tb-001/esxi4 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - VM_BACKUP_ROTATION_COUNT = 3 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - VM_BACKUP_DIR_NAMING_CONVENTION = 2013-10-24_11-43-18 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - DISK_BACKUP_FORMAT = thin 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - POWER_VM_DOWN_BEFORE_BACKUP = 0 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - ENABLE_HARD_POWER_OFF = 0 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - ITER_TO_WAIT_SHUTDOWN = 4 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - POWER_DOWN_TIMEOUT = 5 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - SNAPSHOT_TIMEOUT = 15 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - LOG_LEVEL = info 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - BACKUP_LOG_OUTPUT = /tmp/ghettoVCB-2013-10-24_11-43-18-17398616.log 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - ENABLE_COMPRESSION = 0 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - VM_SNAPSHOT_MEMORY = 0 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - VM_SNAPSHOT_QUIESCE = 0 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - ALLOW_VMS_WITH_SNAPSHOTS_TO_BE_BACKEDUP = 0 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - VMDK_FILES_TO_BACKUP = all 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - VM_SHUTDOWN_ORDER = 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - VM_STARTUP_ORDER = 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: CONFIG - EMAIL_LOG = 0 2013-10-24 11:43:19 -- info: 2013-10-24 11:43:22 -- info: Initiate backup for vmname 2013-10-24 11:43:22 -- info: Creating Snapshot "ghettoVCB-snapshot-2013-10-24" for serv2 Destination disk format: VMFS thin-provisioned Cloning disk '/vmfs/volumes/esxi4-storage/vmname/vmname_1.vmdk'... Clone: 10% done. and it's been that way for over an hour now. Stuck at Clone: 10% done.. Thing is: I can see the vmdk on the NAS. And it looks like almost the whole thing is there. On the NAS it's showing ~430GB but on vSphere Client Summary is shows as 507GB. I don't see the vmdk on the NAS growing any more. The logfile mimics some of the above and is sitting at "Creating Snapshot..." and nothing else is coming in. Is the vmdk on the NAS showing all those GB because of the provisioning or something? i.e. is the size of the file not necessarily indicative of the amount of actual data that has been copied? Is there are reason it might be "Stuck" at 10%? i.e. could it really be taking this long? Any other tips? Thanks. Edit: as soon as I hit the Submit button, I glance over to see that it has incremented to 11% done. Good to know it'll be complete sometime around when the sun explodes.

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  • kernel panic after LVM setup

    - by Manuel Sopena Ballesteros
    I broke my webserver... My setup is: VMWare ESXi environemt CPanel installed CentOS release 6.5 (Final) 4 CPUs 2G RAM 2x VM disks 100G each LVM system This was my previous storage settings (the server was working fine at this time): # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_test01-lv_root 95G 1.4G 88G 2% / tmpfs 939M 0 939M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sdb1 99G 188M 94G 1% /tmp /dev/sda1 485M 54M 407M 12% /boot My web developer asked me to merge /tmp and / disks so this is what I did: Delete /dev/sdb1 partition using fdisk Create a new partition as LVM on /dev/sdb1 using fdisk Create a new physical volume -- pvcreate /dev/sdb1 Extend volume group -- vgextend /dev/sdb1 vg_test01 Extend logical volume -- lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/vg_test01/lv_root Resize filesystem -- resize2fs /dev/vg_test01/lv_root This is the new configuration: # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_test01-lv_root 213G 105G 97G 52% / tmpfs 939M 0 939M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 54M 407M 12% /boot /usr/tmpDSK 4.0G 145M 3.6G 4% /tmp Since I have the new settings my web server is throwing kernel panics quite often (around every 2 days). The message says: INFO: task <taskName>:<pid> blocked for more than 120 seconds. The list of process affected that I can see from the console are: mysqld queueprocd httpd suphp vmtoolsd loop0 auditd The only way I can fix this is reseting (cold reboot) the VM. I don't think it is a hardware issue as sar is not showing any bottleneck: Linux 2.6.32-431.3.1.el6.x86_64 (test01) 08/22/2014 _x86_64_ (4 CPU) 12:00:01 AM CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 12:10:01 AM all 26.86 0.01 0.98 0.57 0.00 71.57 12:20:01 AM all 1.78 0.02 1.03 0.08 0.00 97.09 12:30:01 AM all 26.34 0.02 0.85 0.05 0.00 72.74 12:40:01 AM all 27.12 0.01 1.11 1.22 0.00 70.54 12:50:01 AM all 1.59 0.02 0.94 0.13 0.00 97.32 01:00:01 AM all 26.10 0.01 0.77 0.04 0.00 73.07 01:10:01 AM all 27.51 0.01 1.16 0.14 0.00 71.18 01:20:01 AM all 1.80 0.07 1.06 0.08 0.00 96.99 01:30:01 AM all 26.19 0.01 0.78 0.05 0.00 72.96 01:40:01 AM all 26.62 0.02 0.87 0.05 0.00 72.45 01:50:02 AM all 1.35 0.01 0.87 0.02 0.00 97.75 02:00:01 AM all 26.11 0.02 0.69 0.02 0.00 73.17 02:10:01 AM all 26.73 0.02 0.89 0.14 0.00 72.21 02:20:01 AM all 1.45 0.01 0.92 0.04 0.00 97.58 02:30:01 AM all 26.59 0.01 1.06 0.03 0.00 72.31 02:40:01 AM all 26.27 0.01 0.72 0.05 0.00 72.95 02:50:01 AM all 0.86 0.01 0.50 0.09 0.00 98.53 03:00:01 AM all 25.61 0.02 0.39 0.03 0.00 73.96 03:10:01 AM all 26.30 0.08 0.66 0.14 0.00 72.82 03:20:01 AM all 0.81 0.01 0.51 0.04 0.00 98.63 03:30:02 AM all 26.15 0.02 0.53 0.07 0.00 73.24 03:40:01 AM all 26.06 0.01 0.47 0.04 0.00 73.42 03:50:01 AM all 0.96 0.02 0.51 0.03 0.00 98.48 Average: all 17.69 0.02 0.79 0.14 0.00 81.36 06:58:14 AM LINUX RESTART 07:00:01 AM CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 07:10:01 AM all 1.04 0.02 0.57 0.95 0.00 97.42 07:20:02 AM all 0.66 0.01 0.39 0.06 0.00 98.87 07:30:01 AM all 25.71 0.01 0.45 0.16 0.00 73.67 07:40:01 AM all 25.88 0.01 0.35 0.08 0.00 73.68 07:50:01 AM all 1.13 0.02 0.55 0.11 0.00 98.19 As you can see the server became unresponsive at 03.50 AM and I had to reset the VM at 06.58 AM to bring the website up again. I would appreciate any help/assistance to fix this issue. thank you very much

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  • OpenVPN on ec2 bridged mode connects but no Ping, DNS or forwarding

    - by michael
    I am trying to use OpenVPN to access the internet over a secure connection. I have openVPN configured and running on Amazon EC2 in bridge mode with client certs. I can successfully connect from the client, but I cannot get access to the internet or ping anything from the client I checked the following and everything seems to shows a successful connection between the vpn client/server and UDP traffic on 1194 [server] sudo tcpdump -i eth0 udp port 1194 (shows UDP traffic after establishing connection) [server] sudo iptables -L Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination [server] sudo iptables -L -t nat Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination MASQUERADE all -- ip-W-X-Y-0.us-west-1.compute.internal/24 anywhere Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination [server] openvpn.log Wed Oct 19 03:11:26 2011 localhost/a.b.c.d:61905 [localhost] Inactivity timeout (--ping-restart), restarting Wed Oct 19 03:11:26 2011 localhost/a.b.c.d:61905 SIGUSR1[soft,ping-restart] received, client-instance restarting Wed Oct 19 03:41:31 2011 MULTI: multi_create_instance called Wed Oct 19 03:41:31 2011 a.b.c.d:57889 Re-using SSL/TLS context Wed Oct 19 03:41:31 2011 a.b.c.d:57889 LZO compression initialized Wed Oct 19 03:41:31 2011 a.b.c.d:57889 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1574 D:166 EF:66 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Wed Oct 19 03:41:31 2011 a.b.c.d:57889 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1574 D:1450 EF:42 EB:135 ET:32 EL:0 AF:3/1 ] Wed Oct 19 03:41:31 2011 a.b.c.d:57889 Local Options hash (VER=V4): '360696c5' Wed Oct 19 03:41:31 2011 a.b.c.d:57889 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): '13a273ba' Wed Oct 19 03:41:31 2011 a.b.c.d:57889 TLS: Initial packet from [AF_INET]a.b.c.d:57889, sid=dd886604 ab6ebb38 Wed Oct 19 03:41:35 2011 a.b.c.d:57889 VERIFY OK: depth=1, /C=US/ST=CA/L=SanFrancisco/O=EXAMPLE/CN=EXAMPLE_CA/[email protected] Wed Oct 19 03:41:35 2011 a.b.c.d:57889 VERIFY OK: depth=0, /C=US/ST=CA/L=SanFrancisco/O=EXAMPLE/CN=localhost/[email protected] Wed Oct 19 03:41:37 2011 a.b.c.d:57889 Data Channel Encrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Wed Oct 19 03:41:37 2011 a.b.c.d:57889 Data Channel Encrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Wed Oct 19 03:41:37 2011 a.b.c.d:57889 Data Channel Decrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Wed Oct 19 03:41:37 2011 a.b.c.d:57889 Data Channel Decrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Wed Oct 19 03:41:37 2011 a.b.c.d:57889 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 1024 bit RSA Wed Oct 19 03:41:37 2011 a.b.c.d:57889 [localhost] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]a.b.c.d:57889 Wed Oct 19 03:41:39 2011 localhost/a.b.c.d:57889 PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REQUEST' Wed Oct 19 03:41:39 2011 localhost/a.b.c.d:57889 SENT CONTROL [localhost]: 'PUSH_REPLY,redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp,route-gateway W.X.Y.Z,ping 10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig W.X.Y.Z 255.255.255.0' (status=1) Wed Oct 19 03:41:40 2011 localhost/a.b.c.d:57889 MULTI: Learn: (IPV6) -> localhost/a.b.c.d:57889 [client] tracert google.com Tracing route to google.com [74.125.71.104] over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 347 ms 349 ms 348 ms PC [w.X.Y.Z] 2 * * * Request timed out. I can also successfully ping the server IP address from the client, and ping google.com from an SSH shell on the server. What am I doing wrong? Here is my config (Note: W.X.Y.Z == amazon EC2 private ipaddress) bridge config on br0 ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0 promisc up brctl addbr br0 brctl addif br0 eth0 ifconfig br0 W.X.Y.X netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast W.X.Y.255 up route add default gw W.X.Y.1 br0 /etc/openvpn/server.conf (from https://help.ubuntu.com/10.04/serverguide/C/openvpn.html) local W.X.Y.Z dev tap0 up "/etc/openvpn/up.sh br0" down "/etc/openvpn/down.sh br0" ;server W.X.Y.0 255.255.255.0 server-bridge W.X.Y.Z 255.255.255.0 W.X.Y.105 W.X.Y.200 ;push "route W.X.Y.0 255.255.255.0" push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp" push "dhcp-option DNS 208.67.222.222" push "dhcp-option DNS 208.67.220.220" tls-auth ta.key 0 # This file is secret user nobody group nogroup log-append openvpn.log iptables config sudo iptables -A INPUT -i tap0 -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -A INPUT -i br0 -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i br0 -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s W.X.Y.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward Routing Tables added route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface W.X.Y.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0 0.0.0.0 W.X.Y.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 br0 C:>route print =========================================================================== Interface List 32...00 ff ac d6 f7 04 ......TAP-Win32 Adapter V9 15...00 14 d1 e9 57 49 ......Microsoft Virtual WiFi Miniport Adapter #2 14...00 14 d1 e9 57 49 ......Realtek RTL8191SU Wireless LAN 802.11n USB 2.0 Net work Adapter 10...00 1f d0 50 1b ca ......Realtek PCIe GBE Family Controller 1...........................Software Loopback Interface 1 11...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface 16...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter 17...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #2 18...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #3 36...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #5 =========================================================================== IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.2.1 10.1.2.201 25 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 10.1.2.201 281 10.1.2.201 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.1.2.201 281 10.1.2.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.1.2.201 281 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 10.1.2.201 281 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.1.2.201 281 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: Network Address Netmask Gateway Address Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.2.1 Default =========================================================================== C:>tracert google.com Tracing route to google.com [74.125.71.147] over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 344 ms 345 ms 343 ms PC [W.X.Y.221] 2 * * * Request timed out.

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  • How to diagnose repeated "Starting up database '<dbname>'"

    - by Richard Slater
    I have a SQL 2008 server which is predominantly used as a development server, in the last two weeks it has been having occasional "fits", I have isolated the cause of these fits as CHECKDB being run almost continuiously, the following log information is logged to the Windows Event Log (Source: MSSQLSERVER, Category: Server): Event: 1073758961, Message: Starting up database 'DBName1'. Event: 1073758961, Message: Starting up database 'DBName2'. Event: 1073759397, Message: CHECKDB for database 'DBName1' finished without errors on 2010-07-19 20:29:26.993 (local time). This is an informational message only; no user action is required. Event: 1073759397, Message: CHECKDB for database 'DBName1' finished without errors on 2010-07-19 20:29:26.993 (local time). This is an informational message only; no user action is required. This is repeated every 1-2 seconds untill SQL Server is restarted or the offending databases are detatched. I initially thought that it was a problem with the databases so I took a backup and restored them to a SQL Express instance, all of the data is in tact, and CHECKDB runs without problem. The two databases that were causing a problem last week were not being used; so I took full backups of them and detached the databases, this resolved the problem. However at 0100 GMT this morning to other totally unrelated databases started showing the same problems. There is nothing in the event log to suggest that something happened to the server such as a restart, there are no messages about processes crashing or issues being detected with the storage controller. Speaking to the owner of the company this computer has suffered from "gremlins" in the past, however advice was taken and the motherboard was replaced and the computer rebuilt, memory and processor are the same. Stats: O/S: Windows 2008 Standard Build 6002 CPU: 2x Pentium Dual-Core E5200 @ 2.5GHz RAM: 2GB SQL: 2008 Standard 10.0.2531 Edit: someone posted then deleted a comment about AutoClose, it was turned on on the databases affected. It seems that best practice is to disable it so I have done that with the folllowing. EXECUTE sp_MSforeachdb 'IF (''?'' NOT IN (''master'', ''tempdb'', ''msdb'', ''model'')) EXECUTE (''ALTER DATABASE [?] SET AUTO_CLOSE OFF WITH NO_WAIT'')' I won't know if the problem recurs for some time so I am still open to further answers.

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  • OCZ Vertex 2 not recognized by Ubuntu installer

    - by Zsub
    As I boot into the Ubuntu 10.10 (or 11.04, doesn't matter) live environment or installer, it just refuses to recognise my Vertex 2. It reports the disk as ATA and not supporting smart, shows no serial number, and doesn't list the size correctly. All fdisk tells me is Unable to read /dev/sda (it's the only storage in the PC). I'm now running a temporary install of Windows 7 off of it, which worked like a charm, so where am I going wrong with Ubuntu... Specs: Asus M4N68T-M LE V2 (BIOS 0702, most recent) OCZ Vertex 2 SSD 60 GB Amd Athlon II X4 640 Patriot PSD34G13332 4GB DDR3 ram (two banks) EDIT I installed a second drive, installed Ubuntu on that and booted, it recognised the SSD just fine. I'm now trying to apt-get upgrade the live-environment. I wonder if there is any way to sort of install Ubuntu from Ubuntu (I boot into the working install on the other drive, install it on the SSD and then boot from the SSD). EDIT2 Ok, so that doesn't work. The install detects the SSD, however, it cannot format it. EDIT3 After a fresh boot I can read out SMART-data and even perform a read-benchmark, but if I try to format it, or do a write-bench, it'll crap out and after that it says SMART is not supported. So basically it seems I can't write to the disk, as it will stop working when I do, I will try to run repeated read-benchmarks to see if that has any effect. EDIT4 I'm running several read benchmarks on the drive right now, they give results that are to be expected from an SSD. If the read-benches don't fail, I can use fdisk on the disk, but it is now stuck trying to re-read the partition table after issueing the 'w' command. EDIT5 Parted Magic did recognize the drive and with hdparm -I even could tell me the drive was in a frozen state. I powercycled it (just pull out the plug from the SSD and plug it back in) and it wasn't frozen anymore. After that I could upgrade the firmware on the drive (still using Parted Magic) and format it to Ext4. After I rebooted into the Ubuntu installer, it wouldn't get recognized and hdparm didn't want to talk to it saying HDIO_DRIVE_CMD(identify) failed: Invalid exchange. EDIT6 For some reason if I enable one of the RAID controllers (the one the SSD is connected to, obviously) Ubuntu will let me format it, mount it and write to it. The installer also recognizes it. However if the raid controller is enabled but no array is defined the motherboard can't boot from it :(

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  • Strategy for using snapshots to back up Ubuntu Linux server?

    - by MountainX
    I need some backup advice for my home file server. Here are the mount points, volume groups, logical volumes and used/total space of all the volumes on my Ubuntu 8.10 home file server. / vgA/lvRoot [7.5G/50G] /tmp vgB/lvTmp [195M/30G] /var vgB/lvVar [780M/30G] swap vgB/lvSwap [16.00 GB] /media1 vgC/lvMedia1 [400G/975G] /media2 vgC/lvMedia2 [75G/295G] /boot partition (no volume group) [95M/200M] /video partition (no volume group) [450G/950G] /backups vgD/lvBackupTarget [800G/925G] /home vgE/lvHome [85G/200G] I have just added a 2.0 TB external USB drive that I would like to use to backup everything. (It will be a close fit to get it all on one 2.0 TB drive. I actually have a 2nd external USB drive if needed.) I'd like to backup "/", var, /media1, media2 and /home. I'll deal with /boot and /video separately since they are not logical volumes. For all the logical volumes I'm anticipating taking snapshots and then copying those snapshots to the 2.0 TB external USB drive. I have never done a task like that before. If I do that, I could use the tutorial I found here: http://www.howtoforge.com/linux_lvm_snapshots My questions are: What is the best overall strategy? Is it LVM snapshots, as I'm assuming? How should I prepare, subdivide and mount the 2.0 TB external USB drive? 2.a. Should I create one or more regular partitions or should I create a physical volume with one or more logical volumes? 2.b. Would it be advisable to extactly mirror the source pv/lv layout on the external drive, and if so, is this a good strategy? What's the best way to get the snapshots onto the external drive? dd? Even though this is a strategy question, feedback with actual commands is appreciated. I need step-by-step cookbook-style help because I don't do much server admin work. (Background: This is a home file server that I have rarely had to touch in about 2 years. It has done its job without much intervention. The really old PC that I used to back everything up recently failed, so I'm replacing that with the external USB drive(s) and I'd like to upgrade my backup strategy at the same time. Previously, I just copied stuff from /backups over to the other computer and that would not have made things very easy in a real restore situation. The /backups mount point contains backup copies of "most" of the important data on a file by file basis, but it does not contain copies of /boot, etc. BTW, the actual internal HDD that holds /backups is separate from the other storage devices.) EDIT: I'll propose a strategy... The idea came from a comment here: LVM mirroring VS RAID1 "LVM mirrors are for replication of a logical volume to a different physical volume. It's essentially meant to "move the data to a different disk". The mirror is then broken..." That would fit my requirements well. Here is an ideal situation: establish the LV mirror on the external drive break the link with the mirror create a (persistent) snapshot on the mirror after a week, resync the mirror with the original source and update the mirror break the link and create another snapshot on the mirror. Obviously, the mirror will be like a weekly full backup. And the snapshots on the mirror will represent earlier points in time. If this would work and if it would be time efficient, it would give a nice full & differential type backup on the external drive based on LVM. I have not heard of a strategy like this before. Will it work? Could it be scripted? Thoughts? EDIT 2: Creating Portable DiskSafes With LoopbackFS And LVM Snapshots This article seems intriguing: http://www.howtoforge.com/creating-portable-disksafes-with-loopbackfs-and-lvm-snapshots Unfortunately, I don't understand exactly how to map those ideas to the strategy I'm proposing above. I'm going to ask this last bit as a separate question. I will leave my original question in place because I still desire feedback on the overall best strategy. At this moment I'm assuming it is LVM mirroring in the style of "Creating Portable DiskSafes with LVM Snapshots" but that might be wrong.

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  • So I want to separate my Program Files from the hard disk with the other system files. What is the b

    - by grg-n-sox
    So I am running Windows 7 as my only OS. I have two hard drives on my computer. The first one is a 74GB Western Digital 10K RPM Raptor. The second one is a 1TB Seagate Barracuda (couldn't remember if it was a 7200.12 or some other decimal after the 7200). The OS in installed to the Raptor and I am just using the Barracuda for storage. With this setup, in case you couldn't guess already, the Raptor fills up quick and I am constantly having to maintain file locations. And although it is nice to have that quicker boot time and program loading, the time spent maintaining the drive makes me waste more time overall. So I am looking for a way to try to keep it clear while still keeping up system loading speeds. A performance hit on games and such is easily acceptable and as long as I can guarantee a 5GB space on the Raptor, I can always just temporarily move the disc image there. So I am figuring that having games installed like Boarderlands and Mass Effect, as well as having large files such as linux distro DVD disc images in My Documents, I probably should be moving my personal files and Program Files directories to the Barracuda. I currently have folders on the Barracuda for this, but this means routinely copying files over and I can't really do anything with the Program Files folder that already exists. The best I can do is remember to designate the install directory of any program installation to the alternative install directory, which I can't seem to get to ever work right with Steam. With that in mind, is there a way that is not too drastic to let me just change some folders and system settings once and everything works fine afterwards for my setup? I have considered just reinstalling Windows 7 to the Barracuda but that would defeat the purpose of the Raptor except for running disc images off of. I am also heard a bit about being able to use symlinks to fix this, but I have also heard that symlinks in Windows are not necessarily the same and not as well supported on Windows. An example a friend mentioned was something about how if you have a symlink in Windows on a small hard drive to a large hard drive and the contents the symlink points to is larger than the small hard drive's capacity, then Windows will think the smaller hard drive is full. So is there a fix/workaround that will let me use symlinks across hard drives without the issues or is there a better solution I am not being told about, not mentioning, or not thinking of?

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  • Windows 7 x64 "upgrade" repair fails

    - by Polynomial
    I've been running into issues with Windows Update, which I can't seem to fix. The hotfixes don't work, nor does the Windows update readyness tool, or the manual SP1 upgrade. I get various esoteric errors which nobody seems to have a fix for. Looks like some of the update cache is corrupt and digital signatures seem to be broken on some packages / Windows Update components. Long story short, I have discovered the only option is to do a repair operation on the OS, to repair everything. It's so corrupt that only a complete replacement will fix it. According to various sources (including MSKB) one can perform a repair by running an in-place upgrade. I've got the Windows 7 Ultimate retail disc, which I've inserted into my machine. I ran setup.exe and went through in the following order: Install now Go online to get latest updates (I've also tried not getting updates) Wait for updates to be downloaded Select Windows 7 Ultimate (x64 architecture) and click next Accept the T&Cs, click next Click Upgrade At this point it spends a minute on the "checking compatibility" screen, after which I get the following error: The following issues are preventing Windows from upgrading. Cancel the upgrade, complete each task, and then restart the upgrade to continue. You can’t upgrade 64-bit Windows to a 32-bit version of Windows. To upgrade, obtain a 64-bit version of the installation disc, or go online to see how to install Windows 7 and keep your files and settings. 32-bit Windows cannot be upgraded to a 64-bit version of Windows. To upgrade, obtain a 32-bit version of the Windows installation disc. It also mentions a warning about potential conflicts with a storage driver and VS2010, but that doesn't seem to be the blocking issue. My currently installed version of Windows is Ultimate 64-bit (absolutely sure of this) and the disc is definitely a x86 / x64 combined Ultimate retail disc. There seem to be a few people who have run into this (e.g. this question), but I've not seen any answers. I've checked the event viewer, but can't spot anything in there that's related. Any idea how I can get this working? P.S: Just to pre-empt the inevitable "are you suuuuuuuuuuuuure it's x64 Ultimate?" questions:

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  • Using Amazon S3 for multiple remote data site uploads, securely

    - by Aitch
    I've been playing about with Amazon S3 a little for the first time and like what I see for various reasons relating to my potential use case. We have multiple (online) remote server boxes harvesting sensor data that is regularly uploaded every hour or so (rsync'ed) to a VPS server. The number of remote server boxes is growing regularly and forecast to keep growing (hundreds). The servers are geographically dispersed. The servers are also automatically built, therefore generic with standard tools and not bespoke per location. The data is many hundreds of files per day. I want to avoid a situation where I need to provision more VPS storage, or additional servers every time we hit the VPS capacity limit, after every N server deployments, whatever N might be. The remote servers can never be considered fully secure due to us not knowing what might happen to them when we are not looking. Our current solution is a bit naive and simply restricts inbound rsync only over ssh to known mac address directories and a known public key. There are plenty of holes to pick in this, I know. Let's say I write or use a script like s3cmd/s3sync to potentially push up the files. Would I need to manage hundreds of access keys and have each server customized to include this (do-able, but key management becomes nightmarish?) Could I restrict inbound connections somehow (eg by mac address), or just allow write-only to any client that was running the script? ( i could deal with a flood of data if someone got into a system? ) having a bucket per remote machine does not seem feasible due to bucket limits? I don't think I want to use a single common key as if one machine is breached then potentially, a malicious hack could get access to the filestore key and start deleting for ll clients, correct? I hope my inexperience has not blinded me to some other solution that might be suggested! I've read lots of examples of people using S3 for backup, but can't really find anything about this sort of data collection, unless my google terminology is wrong... I've written more than I should here, perhaps it can be summarised thus: In a perfect world I just want to have one of our techs install a new remote server into a location and it automagically starts sending files home with little or no intervention, and minimises risk? Pipedream or feasible? TIA, Aitch

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  • Can someone explain RAID-0 in plain English?

    - by Edward Tanguay
    I've heard about and read about RAID throughout the years and understand it theoretically as a way to help e.g. server PCs reduce the chance of data loss, but now I am buying a new PC which I want to be as fast as possible and have learned that having two drives can considerably increase the perceived performance of your machine. In the question Recommendations for hard drive performance boost, the author says he is going to RAID-0 two 7200 RPM drives together. What does this mean in practical terms for me with Windows 7 installed, e.g. can I buy two drives, go into the device manager and "raid-0 them together"? I am not a network administrator or a hardware guy, I'm just a developer who is going to have a computer store build me a super fast machine next week. I can read the wikipedia page on RAID but it is just way too many trees and not enough forest to help me build a faster PC: RAID-0: "Striped set without parity" or "Striping". Provides improved performance and additional storage but no redundancy or fault tolerance. Because there is no redundancy, this level is not actually a Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks, i.e. not true RAID. However, because of the similarities to RAID (especially the need for a controller to distribute data across multiple disks), simple strip sets are normally referred to as RAID 0. Any disk failure destroys the array, which has greater consequences with more disks in the array (at a minimum, catastrophic data loss is twice as severe compared to single drives without RAID). A single disk failure destroys the entire array because when data is written to a RAID 0 drive, the data is broken into fragments. The number of fragments is dictated by the number of disks in the array. The fragments are written to their respective disks simultaneously on the same sector. This allows smaller sections of the entire chunk of data to be read off the drive in parallel, increasing bandwidth. RAID 0 does not implement error checking so any error is unrecoverable. More disks in the array means higher bandwidth, but greater risk of data loss. So in plain English, how can "RAID-0" help me build a faster Windows-7 PC that I am going to order next week?

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  • The Koyal Group Info Mag News¦Charged building material could make the renewable grid a reality

    - by Chyler Tilton
    What if your cell phone didn’t come with a battery? Imagine, instead, if the material from which your phone was built was a battery. The promise of strong load-bearing materials that can also work as batteries represents something of a holy grail for engineers. And in a letter published online in Nano Letters last week, a team of researchers from Vanderbilt University describes what it says is a breakthrough in turning that dream into an electrocharged reality. The researchers etched nanopores into silicon layers, which were infused with a polyethylene oxide-ionic liquid composite and coated with an atomically thin layer of carbon. In doing so, they created small but strong supercapacitor battery systems, which stored electricity in a solid electrolyte, instead of using corrosive chemical liquids found in traditional batteries. These supercapacitors could store and release about 98 percent of the energy that was used to charge them, and they held onto their charges even as they were squashed and stretched at pressures up to 44 pounds per square inch. Small pieces of them were even strong enough to hang a laptop from—a big, fat Dell, no less. Although the supercapacitors resemble small charcoal wafers, they could theoretically be molded into just about any shape, including a cell phone’s casing or the chassis of a sedan. They could also be charged—and evacuated of their charge—in less time than is the case for traditional batteries. “We’ve demonstrated, for the first time, the simple proof-of-concept that this can be done,” says Cary Pint, an assistant professor in the university’s mechanical engineering department and one of the authors of the new paper. “Now we can extend this to all kinds of different materials systems to make practical composites with materials specifically tailored to a host of different types of applications. We see this as being just the tip of a very massive iceberg.” Pint says potential applications for such materials would go well beyond “neat tech gadgets,” eventually becoming a “transformational technology” in everything from rocket ships to sedans to home building materials. “These types of systems could range in size from electric powered aircraft all the way down to little tiny flying robots, where adding an extra on-board battery inhibits the potential capability of the system,” Pint says. And they could help the world shift to the intermittencies of renewable energy power grids, where powerful batteries are needed to help keep the lights on when the sun is down or when the wind is not blowing. “Using the materials that make up a home as the native platform for energy storage to complement intermittent resources could also open the door to improve the prospects for solar energy on the U.S. grid,” Pint says. “I personally believe that these types of multifunctional materials are critical to a sustainable electric grid system that integrates solar energy as a key power source.”

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  • Turn off email notification from abrt (Automatic Bug Reporting Tool)

    - by Banjer
    I'm configuring CentOS 6.2 and have seen a few "[abrt] full crash report" emails. I understand that abrt is useful for creating crash dumps and what not, so I don't want to disable the service, I just would like to stop getting the crash report emails. I probably have to add something to the config file in /etc/abrt/abrt.conf. I can't seem to find anything in my searches. Any idea? Thanks. Edit: Here is my abrt.conf, which is rather simple. [root@myhost~]# cat /etc/abrt/abrt.conf # Enable this if you want abrtd to auto-unpack crashdump tarballs which appear # in this directory (for example, uploaded via ftp, scp etc). # Note: you must ensure that whatever directory you specify here exists # and is writable for abrtd. abrtd will not create it automatically. # #WatchCrashdumpArchiveDir = /var/spool/abrt-upload # Max size for crash storage [MiB] or 0 for unlimited # MaxCrashReportsSize = 1000 # Specify where you want to store coredumps and all files which are needed for # reporting. (default:/var/spool/abrt) # #DumpLocation = /var/spool/abrt And a listing of /etc/abrt: [root@myhost~]# ls -la /etc/abrt total 32 drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Apr 13 06:14 . drwxr-xr-x. 97 root root 12288 Apr 13 03:50 .. -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 527 Dec 13 22:50 abrt-action-save-package-data.conf -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 572 Dec 13 22:50 abrt.conf -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 175 Dec 13 22:50 gpg_keys drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Apr 13 06:13 plugins [root@myhost~]# ls -la /etc/abrt/plugins/ total 12 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Apr 13 06:13 . drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Apr 13 06:14 .. -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 278 Dec 13 22:50 CCpp.conf Actually all of those conf files above are only a few lines and do not mention anything about mail, email, or notifications.

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  • Apache2 Segfault - need help interpreting this coredump (suspect cause is memcache / php session related)

    - by WayneDV
    Three Apache2 web servers running a PHP 5.2.3 web site. We're using Memcache to cache rendered pages but also as the storage engine of the PHP Sessions. At peak traffic times we're getting Apache segmentation faults on all three web servers and all HTTPD child processes segfault. My gut tells me that the increased Memcache traffic is stopping PHP sessions from being created or cleaned up and thus the processes die. Is it possible for someone to confirm that from the following? : #0 _zend_mm_free_int (heap=0x7fb67a075820, p=0x7fb67a011538) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/Zend/zend_alloc.c:2018 #1 0x00007fb665d02e82 in mmc_buffer_free (request=0x7fb67a011548) at /usr/src/debug/php-pecl-memcache-3.0.4/memcache-3.0.4/memcache_pool.c:50 #2 mmc_request_free (request=0x7fb67a011548) at /usr/src/debug/php-pecl-memcache-3.0.4/memcache-3.0.4/memcache_pool.c:169 #3 0x00007fb665d031ea in mmc_pool_free (pool=0x7fb67a00e458) at /usr/src/debug/php-pecl-memcache-3.0.4/memcache-3.0.4/memcache_pool.c:917 #4 0x00007fb665d0a2f1 in ps_close_memcache (mod_data=0x7fb66d625440) at /usr/src/debug/php-pecl-memcache-3.0.4/memcache-3.0.4/memcache_session.c:185 #5 0x00007fb66d1b0935 in php_session_save_current_state () at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/ext/session/session.c:625 #6 php_session_flush () at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/ext/session/session.c:1517 #7 0x00007fb66d1b0c1b in zm_deactivate_session (type=<value optimized out>, module_number=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/ext/session/session.c:2171 #8 0x00007fb66d2a719c in module_registry_cleanup (module=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/Zend/zend_API.c:2150 #9 0x00007fb66d2b1994 in zend_hash_reverse_apply (ht=0x7fb66d629d60, apply_func=0x7fb66d2a7180 <module_registry_cleanup>) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/Zend/zend_hash.c:755 #10 0x00007fb66d2a5c0d in zend_deactivate_modules () at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/Zend/zend.c:866 #11 0x00007fb66d2541b5 in php_request_shutdown (dummy=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/main/main.c:1607 #12 0x00007fb66d32e037 in php_apache_request_dtor (r=0x7fb67a229658) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/sapi/apache2handler/sapi_apache2.c:509 #13 php_handler (r=0x7fb67a229658) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/sapi/apache2handler/sapi_apache2.c:681 #14 0x00007fb6784166f0 in ap_run_handler (r=0x7fb67a229658) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/config.c:158 #15 0x00007fb678419f58 in ap_invoke_handler (r=0x7fb67a229658) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/config.c:372 #16 0x00007fb6784254f0 in ap_process_request (r=0x7fb67a229658) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/modules/http/http_request.c:282 #17 0x00007fb678422418 in ap_process_http_connection (c=0x7fb67a2193a8) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/modules/http/http_core.c:190 #18 0x00007fb67841e1b8 in ap_run_process_connection (c=0x7fb67a2193a8) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/connection.c:43 #19 0x00007fb678429f4b in child_main (child_num_arg=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/mpm/prefork/prefork.c:662 #20 0x00007fb67842a21a in make_child (s=0x7fb679cd7860, slot=153) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/mpm/prefork/prefork.c:758 #21 0x00007fb67842aea4 in perform_idle_server_maintenance (_pconf=<value optimized out>, plog=<value optimized out>, s=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/mpm/prefork/prefork.c:893 #22 ap_mpm_run (_pconf=<value optimized out>, plog=<value optimized out>, s=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/mpm/prefork/prefork.c:1097 #23 0x00007fb678402890 in main (argc=1, argv=0x7fff6fecacb8) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/main.c:740 PHP.INI Follows: [PHP] engine = On short_open_tag = On asp_tags = Off precision = 14 y2k_compliance = On output_buffering = 4096 zlib.output_compression = Off implicit_flush = Off unserialize_callback_func = serialize_precision = 100 allow_call_time_pass_reference = Off safe_mode = Off safe_mode_gid = Off safe_mode_include_dir = safe_mode_exec_dir = safe_mode_allowed_env_vars = PHP_ safe_mode_protected_env_vars = LD_LIBRARY_PATH disable_functions = disable_classes = expose_php = On max_execution_time = 30 max_input_time = 60 memory_limit = 128M error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED display_errors = Off display_startup_errors = Off log_errors = Off log_errors_max_len = 1024 ignore_repeated_errors = Off ignore_repeated_source = Off report_memleaks = On track_errors = Off html_errors = Off variables_order = "GPCS" request_order = "GP" register_globals = Off register_long_arrays = Off register_argc_argv = Off auto_globals_jit = On post_max_size = 8M magic_quotes_gpc = Off magic_quotes_runtime = Off magic_quotes_sybase = Off auto_prepend_file = auto_append_file = default_mimetype = "text/html" doc_root = user_dir = enable_dl = Off file_uploads = On upload_max_filesize = 2M allow_url_fopen = On allow_url_include = Off default_socket_timeout = 60 [Date] [filter] [iconv] [intl] [sqlite] [sqlite3] [Pcre] [Pdo] [Phar] [Syslog] define_syslog_variables = Off [mail function] SMTP = localhost smtp_port = 25 sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i mail.add_x_header = On [SQL] sql.safe_mode = Off [ODBC] odbc.allow_persistent = On odbc.check_persistent = On odbc.max_persistent = -1 odbc.max_links = -1 odbc.defaultlrl = 4096 odbc.defaultbinmode = 1 [MySQL] mysql.allow_persistent = On mysql.max_persistent = -1 mysql.max_links = -1 mysql.default_port = mysql.default_socket = mysql.default_host = mysql.default_user = mysql.default_password = mysql.connect_timeout = 60 mysql.trace_mode = Off [MySQLi] mysqli.max_links = -1 mysqli.default_port = 3306 mysqli.default_socket = mysqli.default_host = mysqli.default_user = mysqli.default_pw = mysqli.reconnect = Off [PostgresSQL] pgsql.allow_persistent = On pgsql.auto_reset_persistent = Off pgsql.max_persistent = -1 pgsql.max_links = -1 pgsql.ignore_notice = 0 pgsql.log_notice = 0 [Sybase-CT] sybct.allow_persistent = On sybct.max_persistent = -1 sybct.max_links = -1 sybct.min_server_severity = 10 sybct.min_client_severity = 10 [bcmath] bcmath.scale = 0 [browscap] [Session] session.save_handler = files session.save_path = "/var/lib/php/session" session.use_cookies = 1 session.use_only_cookies = 1 session.name = PHPSESSID session.auto_start = 1 session.cookie_lifetime = 0 session.cookie_path = / session.cookie_domain = session.cookie_httponly = session.serialize_handler = php session.gc_probability = 1 session.gc_divisor = 1000 session.gc_maxlifetime = 1440 session.bug_compat_42 = Off session.bug_compat_warn = Off session.referer_check = session.entropy_length = 0 session.entropy_file = session.cache_limiter = nocache session.cache_expire = 180 session.use_trans_sid = 0 session.hash_function = 0 session.hash_bits_per_character = 5 url_rewriter.tags = "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry" [MSSQL] mssql.allow_persistent = On mssql.max_persistent = -1 mssql.max_links = -1 mssql.min_error_severity = 10 mssql.min_message_severity = 10 mssql.compatability_mode = Off mssql.secure_connection = Off [Assertion] [COM] [mbstring] [gd] [exif] [Tidy] tidy.clean_output = Off [soap] soap.wsdl_cache_enabled=1 soap.wsdl_cache_dir="/tmp" soap.wsdl_cache_ttl=86400 /etc/php.d/memcached.ini : session.save_path="tcp://memcache1:11211?persistent=1&weight=1&timeout=3&retry_interval=15"

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  • TomCat starts, but does not load properly

    - by user37136
    Hey guys, I've been working on this for a day now and still don't know what's wrong. I am essentially building a second environment for our web and app server. I got apache to load up just fine, but tomcat is proving to be difficult. It appears to start and load just fine, but when it comes to loading our application, its just got stuck for 2-5 minutes and then shut down. Here is the log on the original machine where it works fine: 2010-02-12 11:52:40,506 INFO Web application servlet context is initializing... 2010-02-12 11:52:40,540 DEBUG Servlet context attribute added: select_jobType=[{1,Undefined}, {100,Completion}, {200,Plugging}, {300,R+M}, {400,Workover}, {500,Swab - tubing}, {600,Swab - fluid}] 2010-02-12 11:52:40,540 DEBUG Servlet context attribute added: select_jobTaskType=[{1,Undefined}, {100,Rod part}, {200,Tubing leak}, {300,Pump change}, {400,Stripping job}, {500,Long stroke}, {600,A/L optimization}] 2010-02-12 11:52:40,541 DEBUG Servlet context attribute added: select_wellType=[{1,Undefined}, {100,Rod pump}, {200,ESP}, {300,Injector}, {400,PC pump}, {500,Co-Rod}, {600,Flowing}, {700,Storage}] 2010-02-12 11:52:40,541 DEBUG Servlet context attribute added: select_assetType=[{1,Rig}, {100,Disabled rig}] 2010-02-12 11:52:40,542 DEBUG Servlet context attribute added: select_state=[{AL,Alabama}, {AK,Alaska}, {AZ,Arizona}, {AR,Arkansas}, {CA,California}, {CO,Colorado}, {CT,Connecticut}, {DE,Delaware}, {FL,Florida}, {GA,Georgia}, {HI,Hawaii}, {ID,Idaho}, {IL,Illinois}, {IN,Indiana}, {IA,Iowa}, {KS,Kansas}, {KY,Kentucky}, {LA,Louisiana}, {ME,Maine}, {MD,Maryland}, {MA,Massachusetts}, {MI,Michigan}, {MN,Minnesota}, {MS,Mississippi}, {MO,Missouri}, {MT,Montana}, {NE,Nebraska}, {NV,Nevada}, {NH,New Hampshire}, {NJ,New Jersey}, {NM,New Mexico}, {NY,New York}, {NC,North Carolina}, {ND,North Dakota}, {OH,Ohio}, {OK,Oklahoma}, {OR,Oregon}, {PA,Pennsylvania}, {RI,Rhode Island}, {SC,South Carolina}, {SD,South Dakota}, {TN,Tennessee}, {TX,Texas}, {UT,Utah}, {VT,Vermont}, {VA,Virginia}, {WA,Washington}, {WV,West Virginia}, {WI,Wisconsin}, {WY,Wyoming}, {ACO,Atlantic Coast Offshore}, {FOAK,Federal Offshore Alaska}, {NGOM,Northern Gulf of Mexico}, {PCO,Pacific Coastal Offshore}] 2010-02-12 11:52:40,542 INFO KeyviewContextMonitor.contextInitialized: Loaded drop-down lists:com/key/portal/web/common/lists.properties 2010-02-12 11:52:40,937 DEBUG Servlet context attribute added: org.apache.struts.action.SERVLET_MAPPING=*.do 2010-02-12 11:52:40,937 DEBUG Servlet context attribute added: org.apache.struts.action.ACTION_SERVLET=org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet@155d578 2010-02-12 11:52:41,939 DEBUG Servlet context attribute added: org.apache.struts.action.MODULE=org.apache.struts.config.impl.ModuleConfigImpl@e08e9d 2010-02-12 11:52:41,962 DEBUG Servlet context attribute added: org.apache.struts.action.FORM_BEANS=org.apache.struts.action.ActionFormBeans@b31c3c 2010-02-12 11:52:41,967 DEBUG Servlet context attribute added: org.apache.struts.action.FORWARDS=org.apache.struts.action.ActionForwards@102c646 2010-02-12 11:52:41,973 DEBUG Servlet context attribute added: org.apache.struts.action.MAPPINGS=org.apache.struts.action.ActionMappings@127276a 2010-02-12 11:52:41,974 DEBUG Servlet context attribute added: org.apache.struts.action.MESSAGE=org.apache.struts.util.PropertyMessageResources@18cae13 2010-02-12 11:52:41,984 DEBUG Servlet context attribute added: org.apache.struts.action.PLUG_INS=[Lorg.apache.struts.action.PlugIn;@f875ae 2010-02-12 11:52:46,816 INFO Sucessfully loaded application properties com/key/core/properties/application On my second environment, it didn't execute the last line. I start tomcat with the exact same command line !/bin/ksh export JAVA_HOME=/app/java export CATALINA_HOME=/app/tomcat export CATALINA_BASE=/app/keyview/appserver CATALINA_OPTS=" -Xms128m -Xmx800m -Dapplication.props=com/key/core/properties/application -Dlog4j.configuration=com/key/core/log/log4j.xml -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dlog4j.debug" export CATALINA_OPTS ${CATALINA_HOME}/bin/startup.sh I bolded the line that I think are in error. Thanks

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  • Mongodb: why is my mongo server using two PID's?

    - by Lucas
    I started my mongo with the following command: [lucas@ecoinstance]~/node/nodetest2$ sudo mongod --dbpath /home/lucas/node/nodetest2/data 2014-06-07T08:46:30.507+0000 [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=6409 port=27017 dbpat h=/home/lucas/node/nodetest2/data 64-bit host=ecoinstance 2014-06-07T08:46:30.508+0000 [initandlisten] db version v2.6.1 2014-06-07T08:46:30.508+0000 [initandlisten] git version: 4b95b086d2374bdcfcdf2249272fb55 2c9c726e8 2014-06-07T08:46:30.508+0000 [initandlisten] build info: Linux build14.nj1.10gen.cc 2.6.3 2-431.3.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Jan 3 21:39:27 UTC 2014 x86_64 BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_49 2014-06-07T08:46:30.509+0000 [initandlisten] allocator: tcmalloc 2014-06-07T08:46:30.509+0000 [initandlisten] options: { storage: { dbPath: "/home/lucas/n ode/nodetest2/data" } } 2014-06-07T08:46:30.520+0000 [initandlisten] journal dir=/home/lucas/node/nodetest2/data/ journal 2014-06-07T08:46:30.520+0000 [initandlisten] recover : no journal files present, no recov ery needed 2014-06-07T08:46:30.527+0000 [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017 It appears to be working, as I can execute mongo and access the server. However, here are the process running mongo: [lucas@ecoinstance]~/node/testSite$ ps aux | grep mongo root 6540 0.0 0.2 33424 1664 pts/3 S+ 08:52 0:00 sudo mongod --dbpath /ho me/lucas/node/nodetest2/data root 6541 0.6 8.6 522140 52512 pts/3 Sl+ 08:52 0:00 mongod --dbpath /home/lu cas/node/nodetest2/data lucas 6554 0.0 0.1 7836 876 pts/4 S+ 08:52 0:00 grep mongo As you can see, there are two PID's for mongo. Before I ran sudo mongod --dbpath /home/lucas/node/nodetest2/data, there were none (besides the grep of course). How did my command spawn two PID's, and should I be concerned? Any suggestions or tips would be great. Additional Info In addition, I may have other issues that might suggest a cause. I tried running mongo with --fork --logpath /home/lucas..., but it did not work. More information below: [lucas@ecoinstance]~/node/nodetest2$ sudo mongod --dbpath /home/lucas/node/nodetest2/data --fork --logpath /home/lucas/node/nodetest2/data/ about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections. forked process: 6578 ERROR: child process failed, exited with error number 1 [lucas@ecoinstance]~/node/nodetest2$ ls -l data/ total 163852 drwxr-xr-x 2 mongodb nogroup 4096 Jun 7 08:54 journal -rw------- 1 mongodb nogroup 67108864 Jun 7 08:52 local.0 -rw------- 1 mongodb nogroup 16777216 Jun 7 08:52 local.ns -rwxr-xr-x 1 mongodb nogroup 0 Jun 7 08:54 mongod.lock -rw------- 1 mongodb nogroup 67108864 Jun 7 02:08 nodetest1.0 -rw------- 1 mongodb nogroup 16777216 Jun 7 02:08 nodetest1.ns Also, my db path folder is not the original location. It was originally created under the default /var/lib/mongodb/ and moved to my local data folder. This was done after shutting down the server via /etc/init.d/mongod stop. I have a Debian Wheezy server, if it matters.

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  • Windows 7 file-based backup service

    - by Ben Voigt
    I'm looking for a good replacement for Lazy Mirror, since it doesn't support Windows 7 well. Pros: One of the things I really loved about Lazy Mirror is that it always maintains a "full" backup, but does so by only copying modified files. As each file was copied, the old version got archived (moved to an out-of-the-way location). So after mirroring ran, there'd be a complete copy of the file system, which could even be booted if necessary. At the same time, extra space on the backup media was used to store as many older versions of files as possible, without wasting space storing multiple copies of the same version. It seems that with Windows 7 backup, there'd be wasted space storing the same data in both the system image and file backup. It was completely file-based, but also aware of the registry (it had a feature to dump the live registry to hive files in the correct format). The backups were normal NTFS filesystems, no special tool was needed to read them. It automatically cleaned out the oldest previous versions when space ran out (unlike Windows 7 backup which apparently simply starts failing the the backup media fills.) It copied all file attributes including security. Cons: It doesn't deal well with junction points, symbolic links, and hard links. It didn't run as a service without lots of help from firesrv or srvany, and then you couldn't interact with the GUI. Running as a service was necessary to be able to mirror protected OS files. It didn't have open file handling, except for registry hives. I guess that the file-by-file archive and replacement could leave mismatched sets of files, if the mirror was interrupted. This would be the advantage of incremental backup techniques that require old full backup + all intermediate incremental backups to restore. But I don't see this as presenting much of a problem, you'd really only have a boot failure if you had a mixture of pre- and post-service pack files, and I can run a full image backup using another tool before applying a service pack. Does anyone know of a tool that does both full-system backup and storage of old versions of files like Lazy Mirror did (without storing the same data multiple times), and also can run as a service in Windows 7? Free is best of course, but a reasonably priced paid program (e.g. It would be absolutely awesome if it also triggered a backup/mirror pass when a particular external drive was plugged in and generated popup warnings if backups hadn't been run recently)

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  • Areca 1280ml RAID6 volume set failed

    - by Richard
    Today we hit some kind of worst case scenario and are open to any kind of good ideas. Here is our problem: We are using several dedicated storage servers to host our virtual machines. Before I continue, here are the specs: Dedicated Server Machine Areca 1280ml RAID controller, Firmware 1.49 12x Samsung 1TB HDDs We configured one RAID6-set with 10 discs that contains one logical volume. We have two hot spares in the system. Today one HDD failed. This happens from time to time, so we replaced it. Upon rebuilding a second disc failed. Normally this is no fun. We stopped heavy IO-operations to ensure a stable RAID rebuild. Sadly the hot-spare disc failed while rebuilding and the whole thing stopped. Now we have the following situation: The controller says that the raid set is rebuilding The controller says that the volume failed It is a RAID 6 system and two discs failed, so the data has to be intact, but we cannot bring the volume online again to access the data. While searching we found the following leads. I don't know whether they are good or bad: Mirroring all the discs to a second set of drives. So we would have the possibility to try different things without loosing more than we already have. Trying to rebuild the array in R-Studio. But we have no real experience with the software. Pulling all drives, rebooting the system, changing into the areca controller bios, reinserting the HDDs one-by-one. Some people are saying that the brought the system online by this. Some are saying that the effect is zero. Some say, that they blew the whole thing. Using undocumented areca commands like "rescue" or "LeVel2ReScUe". Contacting a computer forensics service. But whoa... primary estimates by phone exceeded 20.000€. That's why we would kindly ask for help. Maybe we are missing the obvious? And yes of course, we have backups. But some systems lost one week of data, thats why we'd like to get the system up and running again. Any help, suggestions and questions are more than welcome.

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  • Building NanoBSD inside a jail

    - by ptomli
    I'm trying to setup a jail to enable building a NanoBSD image. It's actually a jail on top of a NanoBSD install. The problem I have is that I'm unable to mount the md device in order to do the 'build image' part. Is it simply not possible to mount an md device inside a jail, or is there some other knob I need to twiddle? On the host /etc/rc.conf.local jail_enable="YES" jail_mount_enable="YES" jail_list="build" jail_set_hostname_allow="NO" jail_build_hostname="build.vm" jail_build_ip="192.168.0.100" jail_build_rootdir="/mnt/zpool0/jails/build/home" jail_build_devfs_enable="YES" jail_build_devfs_ruleset="devfsrules_jail_build" /etc/devfs.rules [devfsrules_jail_build=5] # nothing Inside the jail [root@build /usr/obj/nanobsd.PROLIANT_MICROSERVER]# sysctl security.jail security.jail.param.cpuset.id: 0 security.jail.param.host.hostid: 0 security.jail.param.host.hostuuid: 64 security.jail.param.host.domainname: 256 security.jail.param.host.hostname: 256 security.jail.param.children.max: 0 security.jail.param.children.cur: 0 security.jail.param.enforce_statfs: 0 security.jail.param.securelevel: 0 security.jail.param.path: 1024 security.jail.param.name: 256 security.jail.param.parent: 0 security.jail.param.jid: 0 security.jail.enforce_statfs: 1 security.jail.mount_allowed: 1 security.jail.chflags_allowed: 1 security.jail.allow_raw_sockets: 0 security.jail.sysvipc_allowed: 0 security.jail.socket_unixiproute_only: 1 security.jail.set_hostname_allowed: 0 security.jail.jail_max_af_ips: 255 security.jail.jailed: 1 [root@build /usr/obj/nanobsd.PROLIANT_MICROSERVER]# mdconfig -l md2 md0 md1 md0 and md1 are the ramdisks of the host. bsdlabel looks sensible [root@build /usr/obj/nanobsd.PROLIANT_MICROSERVER]# bsdlabel /dev/md2s1 # /dev/md2s1: 8 partitions: # size offset fstype [fsize bsize bps/cpg] a: 1012016 16 4.2BSD 0 0 0 c: 1012032 0 unused 0 0 # "raw" part, don't edit newfs runs ok [root@build /usr/obj/nanobsd.PROLIANT_MICROSERVER]# newfs -U /dev/md2s1a /dev/md2s1a: 494.1MB (1012016 sectors) block size 16384, fragment size 2048 using 4 cylinder groups of 123.55MB, 7907 blks, 15872 inodes. with soft updates super-block backups (for fsck -b #) at: 160, 253184, 506208, 759232 mount fails [root@build /usr/obj/nanobsd.PROLIANT_MICROSERVER]# mount /dev/md2s1a _.mnt/ mount: /dev/md2s1a : Operation not permitted UPDATE: One of my colleagues pointed out There are some file systems types that can't be securely mounted within a jail no matter what, like UFS, MSDOFS, EXTFS, XFS, REISERFS, NTFS, etc. because the user mounting it has access to raw storage and can corrupt it in a way that it will panic entire system. From http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg160389.html So it seems that the standard nanobsd.sh won't run inside a jail while it uses the md device to build the image. One potential solution I'll try is to chroot from the host into the build jail, rather than jexec a shell.

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  • How to unlock and remove a protected partition from Prestigio USB stick?

    - by mr.b
    Ok, so, I have one of those fancy schmancy devices, which is given to me by a frustrated friend of mine. Device is a Prestigio Leather 8GB, which identifies itself to Linux host as: Bus 001 Device 006: ID 1307:0165 Transcend Information, Inc. 2GB/4GB Flash Drive Kernel messages as USB device is plugged in: kernel: [ 2769.580042] usb 1-9: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 7 kernel: [ 2769.714782] scsi8 : usb-storage 1-9:1.0 kernel: [ 2770.713937] scsi 8:0:0:0: Direct-Access 8192MB flash drive 1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 kernel: [ 2770.714535] scsi 8:0:0:1: Direct-Access 8192MB flash drive 1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 kernel: [ 2770.715734] sd 8:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 0 kernel: [ 2770.716108] sd 8:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg4 type 0 kernel: [ 2770.722175] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] 962560 512-byte logical blocks: (492 MB/470 MiB) kernel: [ 2770.722657] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is on kernel: [ 2770.731078] sd 8:0:0:1: [sdd] 14012416 512-byte logical blocks: (7.17 GB/6.68 GiB) kernel: [ 2770.731215] sdc: kernel: [ 2770.738251] sd 8:0:0:1: [sdd] Write Protect is off kernel: [ 2770.880328] kernel: [ 2770.885876] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI removable disk kernel: [ 2770.887442] sdd: unknown partition table kernel: [ 2771.049605] sd 8:0:0:1: [sdd] Attached SCSI removable disk So, symptoms are typical for U3-like devices: two separate devices inside of a single flash device. Windows sees it also as two identical usb devices, and mounts two separate drives to system, whereas first one presents itself as a CDROM device, holding a write-protected content, and second is a regular flash-disk partition, that "can" be written to. However, it seems like it's broken in some weird way, since it won't let me write anything to it, format it, nothing, but that's not the issue right now. Question: How can I unlock entire USB stick so it appears to system as a single, 8GB device which can be partitioned and used normally, without restrictions? Since it appeared to be an U3 device, I have tried standard utilities: both U3 Uninstaller by u3.com (found on SoftPedia), and opensource u3_tool from sourceforge (on both Windows and Linux). First utility failed to even detect USB stick as U3 device (simply stood idle while I re-plugged stick several times), while second tool failed with some obscure error about SCSI command unable to do something (I might be able to provide exact errors when I switch back to windows). u3_tool -i /dev/sg3 (Display device info) fails with u3_partition_info() failed: Device reported command failed: status 1 ...and every other option fails with same error, minus first part which states which command precisely has failed. So, apparently, this isn't a U3 device. Or, if it is, it doesn't behave like one. I read on a few occasions that this device protection is done by special command sent to device which tells it to lock itself, and so there should be an unlock command, that would set drive straight. Does anyone have any idea about what could I do to this device to fix it? P.S. I also mentioned a problem with being unable to use second "drive", but I'll tackle that problem when (and if) I manage to merge those two devices into one...

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  • Backing Up vs. Redundancy

    - by TK Kocheran
    I'm currently in stage 2 of 3 of building my home workstation. What this means is that my RAID-0 array of solid state disks will be backed up nightly to a RAID-5 or RAID-6 array of traditional spinning hard disks. However, it recently dawned on me that redundancy is not backup. The main reason for setting up a RAID array with redundancy was to protect myself in the event of a drive failure to serve as an effective backup solution. Wait. What if a bolt of lightning finds a way to travel into my house, through my surge-protector, into my power supply and physically destroys all of my hard disks and SSDs? Well, in that case, I guess I'd be fine because I generally keep most important files (music, pictures, videos) stored in multiple places like on my laptop, my wife's laptop, and an encrypted USB hard drive. Wait. What if a giant hedgehog meteor attacks my house from space traveling at mach 3 and all machines and hard disks are blown to smithereens. Well, I guess I could find a way to do ridiculously slow and cumbersome rsyncs or backups to Amazon's Glacier. Wait. What if there's a nuclear apocalypse... and at this point I start laughing hysterically. At what point does backing up become irrelevant? I completely understand situation one (mechanical drive failure), situation two (workstation compromised or destroyed somehow), possibly even situation three (all machines and disks destroyed), but situation four? There's no questioning the need for backups. None. However, there are three questions I'd really like addressed: To what level should one backup? I definitely understand the merits of physical disk redundancy. I also believe in keeping important files on multiple machines and thinning out the possibility of losing all of my files. Online backups make sense, but they beg the following question. What should I be backing up remotely and how often? It's no problem storage-wise to back up important files (music, pictures, videos) and even configuration and temporal data for all of the machines in my network (all Linux based)... albeit locally. Transferring to the cloud is another story. Worst-case scenario, if I lost all of my configuration for my individual computers, the reality is that I probably lost the machines too. The cloud is a long way away from here; I can run backups over CAT-6 here and see 100MB/s easily, but I'm afraid that I'm only going to see 2MB/s at best when transferring up to the cloud.

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  • Varnish, hide port number

    - by George Reith
    My set up is as follows: OS: CentOS 6.2 running on an OpenVZ virtual machine. Web server: Nginx listening on port 8080 Reverse proxy: Varnish listening on port 80 The problem is that Varnish redirects my requests to port 8080 and this appears in the address bar like so http://mysite.com:8080/directory/, causing relative links on the site to include the port number (8080) in the request and thus bypassing Varnish. The site is powered by WordPress. How do I allow Varnish to use Nginx as the backend on port 8080 without appending the port number to the address? Edit: Varnish is set up like so: I have told the Varnish daemon to listen to port 80 by default. VARNISH_VCL_CONF=/etc/varnish/default.vcl # # # Default address and port to bind to # # Blank address means all IPv4 and IPv6 interfaces, otherwise specify # # a host name, an IPv4 dotted quad, or an IPv6 address in brackets. # VARNISH_LISTEN_ADDRESS= VARNISH_LISTEN_PORT=80 # # # Telnet admin interface listen address and port VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_ADDRESS=127.0.0.1 VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_PORT=6082 # # # Shared secret file for admin interface VARNISH_SECRET_FILE=/etc/varnish/secret # # # The minimum number of worker threads to start VARNISH_MIN_THREADS=1 # # # The Maximum number of worker threads to start VARNISH_MAX_THREADS=1000 # # # Idle timeout for worker threads VARNISH_THREAD_TIMEOUT=120 # # # Cache file location VARNISH_STORAGE_FILE=/var/lib/varnish/varnish_storage.bin # # # Cache file size: in bytes, optionally using k / M / G / T suffix, # # or in percentage of available disk space using the % suffix. VARNISH_STORAGE_SIZE=1G # # # Backend storage specification VARNISH_STORAGE="file,${VARNISH_STORAGE_FILE},${VARNISH_STORAGE_SIZE}" # # # Default TTL used when the backend does not specify one VARNISH_TTL=120 The VCL file that Varnish calls (through an include in default.vcl) consists of: backend playwithbits { .host = "127.0.0.1"; .port = "8080"; } acl purge { "127.0.0.1"; } sub vcl_recv { if (req.http.Host ~ "^(.*\.)?playwithbits\.com$") { set req.backend = playwithbits; set req.http.Host = regsub(req.http.Host, ":[0-9]+", ""); if (req.request == "PURGE") { if (!client.ip ~ purge) { error 405 "Not allowed."; } return(lookup); } if (req.url ~ "^/$") { unset req.http.cookie; } } } sub vcl_hit { if (req.http.Host ~ "^(.*\.)?playwithbits\.com$") { if (req.request == "PURGE") { set obj.ttl = 0s; error 200 "Purged."; } } } sub vcl_miss { if (req.http.Host ~ "^(.*\.)?playwithbits\.com$") { if (req.request == "PURGE") { error 404 "Not in cache."; } if (!(req.url ~ "wp-(login|admin)")) { unset req.http.cookie; } if (req.url ~ "^/[^?]+.(jpeg|jpg|png|gif|ico|js|css|txt|gz|zip|lzma|bz2|tgz|tbz|html|htm)(\?.|)$") { unset req.http.cookie; set req.url = regsub(req.url, "\?.$", ""); } if (req.url ~ "^/$") { unset req.http.cookie; } } } sub vcl_fetch { if (req.http.Host ~ "^(.*\.)?playwithbits\.com$") { if (req.url ~ "^/$") { unset beresp.http.set-cookie; } if (!(req.url ~ "wp-(login|admin)")) { unset beresp.http.set-cookie; } } }

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  • Unable to commit file through svn, server sent truncated HTTP response body

    - by Rocket3G
    I have my own VPS, on which I want to run a simple SVN + chiliproject setup. I have re-installed SVN, CHILI and the OS several times, and it always works for a couple of hours/days and then it just stops working. Well, everything works, except I can't upload any files. Committing directories seems to work just fine, but when I try to commit a file it breaks. I have an error log file, which gives me the following text when I try to commit something x.x.x.x - - [19/Oct/2013:00:01:46 +0200] "OPTIONS /project HTTP/1.1" 200 149 x.x.x.x - - [19/Oct/2013:00:01:46 +0200] "PROPFIND /project HTTP/1.1" 207 346 x.x.x.x - - [19/Oct/2013:00:01:46 +0200] "MKACTIVITY /project/!svn/act/c11d45ac-86b6-184a-ac5a-9a1105d64563 HTTP/1.1" 401 345 x.x.x.x - admin [19/Oct/2013:00:01:46 +0200] "MKACTIVITY /project/!svn/act/c11d45ac-86b6-184a-ac5a-9a1105d64563 HTTP/1.1" 201 262 x.x.x.x - - [19/Oct/2013:00:01:46 +0200] "PROPFIND /project HTTP/1.1" 207 236 x.x.x.x - admin [19/Oct/2013:00:01:46 +0200] "CHECKOUT /project/!svn/vcc/default HTTP/1.1" 201 271 x.x.x.x - admin [19/Oct/2013:00:01:46 +0200] "PROPPATCH /project/!svn/wbl/c11d45ac-86b6-184a-ac5a-9a1105d64563/1 HTTP/1.1" 207 267 x.x.x.x - admin [19/Oct/2013:00:01:46 +0200] "CHECKOUT /project/!svn/ver/1 HTTP/1.1" 201 271 x.x.x.x - - [19/Oct/2013:00:01:46 +0200] "HEAD /project/index.html HTTP/1.1" 404 - x.x.x.x - admin [19/Oct/2013:00:01:46 +0200] "PUT /project/!svn/wrk/c11d45ac-86b6-184a-ac5a-9a1105d64563/index.html HTTP/1.1" 201 269 x.x.x.x - admin [19/Oct/2013:00:02:04 +0200] "DELETE /project/!svn/act/c11d45ac-86b6-184a-ac5a-9a1105d64563 HTTP/1.1" 204 - So it seems that it PUTs the file (test.html) correctly, and somehow somewhere something is wrong (file permissions are alright, when I purposely stated that they are wrong, it gave me errors, which is expected, and they were about the file permissions being incorrect. The odd thing is that files won't get added, but directories are fine. I also have enough storage left on my machine. What I should note, perhaps, is that I use Ubuntu 12.04.3 with ruby 1.9.3, mysql 14.14 and I have it set up that Chiliproject handles the authentication and authorization for the project. It works, because I can commit directories and read it all correctly, though I can't upload files. Help would really be appreciated, as I don't know what on earth is going on with this 'truncated http response body'. I tried to read them with wireshark, but it basically gave me the same information. With regards, Ps. I have no clue what the delay between put and delete is, as it's a file of a mere 500 bytes, so it's uploaded in approximately a second. Pps. I copied this question from StackOverflow to this site, as I didn't know the existence of this site and another user suggested that I'd get more answers here, as it's basically a server fault.

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