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  • How can I manage command line arguements/variables for a script written in Perl?

    - by Structure
    I am trying to manage numerous arguments that are specified by a user when they execute a command. So far, I have been trying to limit my script design to manage arguments as flags that I can easily manage with Getopt::Long as follows: GetOptions ("a" => \$a, "b" => \$b); In this way I can check to see if a or b were specified and then execute the respective code/functions. However, I now have a case where the user can specify two arguments variables as follows: command -a black -b white This is fine, but I cannot come up with a good way to determine whether -a or -b is specified first. Therefore I do not know whether the argument variable is assigned to $ARGV[0] or $ARGV[1] after I have executed GetOptions ("a" => \$a, "b" => \$b);. How can I tell which variable is associated with -a and which is associated with -b in the example above?

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  • If free() knows the length of my array, why can't I ask for it in my own code?

    - by Chris Cooper
    I know that it's a common convention to pass the length of dynamically allocated arrays to functions that manipulate them: void initializeAndFree(int* anArray, int length); int main(){ int arrayLength = 0; scanf("%d", &arrayLength); int* myArray = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int)*arrayLength); initializeAndFree(myArray, arrayLength); } void initializeAndFree(int* anArray, int length){ int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < length; i++) { anArray[i] = 0; } free(anArray); } but if there's no way for me to get the length of the allocated memory from a pointer, how does free() "automagically" know what to deallocate? Why can't I get in on the magic, as a C programmer? Where does free() get its free (har-har) knowledge from?

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  • Rails setting OR conditions in validate_presence_of in a model?

    - by Jty.tan
    In a rails model, is it possible to do something like class Example < ActiveRecord::Base #associations validates_presence_of :item_id, (:user_id OR :user_email) #functions end Where the model has 3 columns of :item_id, :user_id, and :user_email? I want the model to be valid as long as I have a :user_id or a :user_email. Idea being that if the item is recommended to a person who isn't currently signed up, it can be associated via email address for when the recommended person signs up. Or is there a different method that I can use instead?

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  • Space requirements of a merge-sort

    - by Arkaitz Jimenez
    I'm trying to understand the space requirements for a Mergesort, O(n). I see that time requirements are basically, amount of levels(logn) * merge(n) so that makes (n log n). Now, we are still allocating n per level, in 2 different arrays, left and right. I do understand that the key here is that when the recursive functions return the space gets deallocated, but I'm not seeing it too obvious. Besides, all the info I find, just states space required is O(n) but don't explain it. Any hint? function merge_sort(m) if length(m) = 1 return m var list left, right, result var integer middle = length(m) / 2 for each x in m up to middle add x to left for each x in m after middle add x to right left = merge_sort(left) right = merge_sort(right) result = merge(left, right) return result

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  • What is the Perl equivalent to C's #include? [closed]

    - by Herms
    Possible Duplicate: How do I include functions from another file in my Perl script? I have a couple simple perl scripts that share some subroutines. I'd like to pull those subroutines out into another file, but I'm not sure how to go about doing that. All I need is an equivalent to C's #include. I found a couple things online about creating modules, but that seems like overkill for what I'm doing. Is there a way to just tell perl to load/execute another perl script inline, so it's treated as if it's just part of the file (like #include in C)?

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  • Clojure closures and GC

    - by Ralph
    It is my understanding that the default ClassLoader used in Java (and thus, Clojure) holds on to pointers to any anonymous classes created, and thus, onto lambdas and closures. These are never garbage collected, and so represent a "memory leak". There is some investigation going on for Java 7 or 8 to adding an anonymous ClassLoader that will not retain references to these functions. In the mean time how are people dealing with writing long-running applications in languages like Clojure and Scala, that encourage the use of these constructs? Is there any possibility that Clojure could provide its own anonymous ClassLoader, extending the system one, but not holding onto created classes?

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  • Getting Assert to work in Visual C++ Unit Tests?

    - by garsh0p
    I'm using Visual Studio 2008's built in testing framework in my Visual C++ project. I'm adding a new Test Project, then a new Unit Test. However, I can't use any of the functions provided by Assert. Assert shows up in the Intellisense, but I can't do anything with it. I've done unit tests fine in Visual C#. Am I forgetting to do anything? EDIT: There isn't much code because everything I'm doing is auto-generated by Visual Studio 2008. Here are the steps I'm doing: File - New Project - Visual C++ - General - Empty Project Right click solution in Solution Explorer - Add - New Project... Visual C++ - Test - Test Project Open UnitTest1.cpp (auto-generated) Go to TestMethod1() From here, when I try to use the Assert class (like Assert.AreEqual), I can't do it. If I do the same in a Visual C# project, it works fine.

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  • How to implement "drag n drop" user interface on website?

    - by Nikkeloodeni
    Hello, I was wondering what would be the best way to implement some kind of "drag n drop" user interface? What i mean is that there would be one main page and every link click (eg. other sections like about, gallery, contact form) would open a new drag n drop element on top of that main page. Something like windows desktop where you can move your application windows around the screen. Would it be best to call different functions with AJAX when a link is clicked? Like "gallery" link would call gallery-function and retrieve dynamically generated contents of that "window" with AJAX call and then just load that stuff on some div? Or would some other type of approach suit better for this? I hope I was able to explain this clearly enough. I'm looking for a proper "design pattern" to implement this. All suggestions are wellcome! :)

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  • How do I write a scheme macro that defines a variable and also gets the name of that variable as a s

    - by Jason Baker
    This is mostly a follow-up to this question. I decided to just keep YAGNI in mind and created a global variable (libpython). I set it to #f initially, then set! it when init is called. I added a function that should handle checking if that value has been initialized: (define (get-cpyfunc name type) (lambda args (if libpython (apply (get-ffi-obj name libpython type) args) (error "Call init before using any Python C functions")))) So now here's what I want to do. I want to define a macro that will take the following: (define-cpyfunc Py_Initialize (_fun -> _void)) And convert it into this: (define Py_Initialize (get-cpyfunc "Py_Initialize" (_fun -> _void))) I've been reading through the macro documentation to try figuring this out, but I can't seem to figure out a way to make it work. Can anyone help me with this (or at least give me a general idea of what the macro would look like)? Or is there a way to do this without macros?

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  • Powershell equivilent of python's if __name__ == '__main__':

    - by Mark Mascolino
    I am really fond of python's capability to do things like this: if __name__ == '__main__': #setup testing code here #or setup a call a function with parameters and human format the output #etc... This is nice because I can treat a Python script file as something that can be called from the command line but it remains available for me to import its functions and classes into a separate python script file easily without triggering the default "run from the command line behavior". Does Powershell have a similar facility that I could exploit? And if it doesn't how should I be organizing my library of function files so that i can easily execute some of them while I am developing them?

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  • Trying to find a good javascript function for hmac-sha1

    - by Darxval
    So i have been searching the web for a javascript source for an Hmac-sha1 algorithm. I saw Crypto's but i cant seem to get it to work, mainly because it has no idea what crypto means. (i copied the .js script functions into my script file) http://code.google.com/p/crypto-js/ I have my base64 encoded function already. that i got from here: http://nerds-central.blogspot.com/2007/01/fast-scalable-javascript-and-vbscript.html btw this for a twitter application using the new OAuth system. any help or links to where i can find anything on this would be helpful If you need me to elaborate let me know. thank you!

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  • Simple Scala syntax - trying to define "==" operator - what am I missing?

    - by Alex R
    While experimenting with some stuff on the REPL, I got to a point where I needed something like this: scala class A(x:Int) { println(x); def ==(a:A) : Boolean = { this.x == a.x; } } Just a simple class with an "==" operator. Why doesn't it work??? Here's the result: :10: error: type mismatch; found : A required: ?{val x: ?} Note that implicit conversions are not applicable because they are ambiguous: both method any2ArrowAssoc in object Predef of type [A](x: A)ArrowAssoc[A] and method any2Ensuring in object Predef of type [A](x: A)Ensuring[A] are possible conversion functions from A to ?{val x: ?} class A(x:Int) { println(x); def ==(a:A) : Boolean = { this.x == a.x; } } ^ This is scala 2.8 RC1. Thanks

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  • F# replace ref variable with something fun

    - by Stephen Swensen
    I have the following F# functions which makes use of a ref variable to seed and keep track of a running total, something tells me this isn't in the spirit of fp or even particular clear on its own. I'd like some direction on the clearest (possible fp, but if an imperative approach is clearer I'd be open to that) way to express this in F#. Note that selectItem implements a random weighted selection algorithm. type WeightedItem(id: int, weight: int) = member self.id = id member self.weight = weight let selectItem (items: WeightedItem list) (rand:System.Random) = let totalWeight = List.sumBy (fun (item: WeightedItem) -> item.weight) items let selection = rand.Next(totalWeight) + 1 let runningWeight = ref 0 List.find (fun (item: WeightedItem) -> runningWeight := !runningWeight + item.weight !runningWeight >= selection) items let items = [new WeightedItem(1,100); new WeightedItem(2,50); new WeightedItem(3,25)] let selection = selectItem items (new System.Random())

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  • Streaming multiple TObjects to a TMemoryStream

    - by Altar
    I need to store multiple objects (most of them are TObject/non persistent) to a TMemoryStream, save the stream to disk and load it back. The objects need to be streamed one after each other. Some kind of universal container. I started to make several functions that store stuff to stream - for example function StreamReadString(CONST MemStream: TMemoryStream): string; StreamWriteString(CONST MemStream: TMemoryStream; s: string); However, it seems that I need to rewrite a lot of code. One of the many examples is TStringList.LoadFromStream that will not work so it needs to be rewritten. This is because TStringList needs to be the last object in the stream (it reads from current position to the end of the stream). Anybody knows a library that provide basic functionality like this? I am using Delphi 7 so RTTI won't help too much.

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  • PROC FCMP PROBLEM

    - by Bruno
    I copy the code from a paper that i found on internet. proc fcmp outlib=work.funcs.Test; function whatAmI(); return(42); endsub; quit; options cmplib=work.funcs; data null; rci = whatAmI(); put rci=; /* should be 42 */ run; When I execute the code, it show the message: ERROR 68-185: The function WHATAMI is unknown, or cannot be accessed. I tried other functions and always show this message. I change the libname, but nothing work. What´s wrong?

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  • How to implement square root and exponentiation on arbitrary length numbers?

    - by tomp
    I'm working on new data type for arbitrary length numbers (only non-negative integers) and I got stuck at implementing square root and exponentiation functions (only for natural exponents). Please help. I store the arbitrary length number as a string, so all operations are made char by char. Please don't include advices to use different (existing) library or other way to store the number than string. It's meant to be a programming exercise, not a real-world application, so optimization and performance are not so necessary. If you include code in your answer, I would prefer it to be in either pseudo-code or in C++. The important thing is the algorithm, not the implementation itself. Thanks for the help.

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  • Is there are standard way to store a database schema outside a python app

    - by acrosman
    I am working on a small database application in Python (currently targeting 2.5 and 2.6) using sqlite3. It would be helpful to be able to provide a series of functions that could setup the database and validate that it matches the current schema. Before I reinvent the wheel, I thought I'd look around for libraries that would provide something similar. I'd love to have something akin to RoR's migrations. xml2ddl doesn't appear to be meant as a library (although it could be used that way), and more importantly doesn't support sqlite3. I'm also worried about the need to move to Python 3 one day given the lack of recent attention to xml2ddl. Are there other tools around that people are using to handle this?

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  • heirarchial data from self referencing table in tree form

    - by Beta033
    Ii looks like this has been asked and answered in all the simple cases, excluding the one that i'm having trouble with. I've tried using a recursive CTE to generate this, however maybe a cursor would be better? or maybe a set of recursive functions will do the trick? Can this be done in a cte? consider the following table PrimaryKey ParentKey 1 NULL 2 1 3 6 4 7 5 2 6 1 7 NULL should yield PK 1 -2 --5 -6 --3 7 -4 where the number of - marks equal the depth, my primary difficulty is the ordering.

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  • How do I dynamically load a js file using Prototype?

    - by domagoj412
    Hello, I am using prototype to load external js file (actually it is php file) dynamically. Like this: function UpdateJS(file) { var url = 'main_js.php?file='+file; var myAjax = new Ajax.Request( url, {method: 'get', onComplete: showResponseHeader} ); } function showResponseHeader (originalRequest) { $('jscode').innerHTML = originalRequest.responseText; } Container "jscode" is defined like this: <script type="text/javascript" id="jscode"></script> And it works! But if some different file is called, all the functions from previous one are preserved. And I don't want that. Anybody knows how to "unload" first js file when second one is called? (I also tried using Ajax.Updater function but the result is the same.) Update: It turns out that there is bigger problem: it only loads if function "UpdateJS" is in window.onload that is why it doesn't load anything else after that. So prototypes update it's maybe not such a good way for this...

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  • "import as" leads to unresolved import error, "from .. import" does not

    - by Markus R.
    I'm trying to write some plugins for the irc bot supybot with eclipse/pydev. Pydev gives me errors about unresolved imports on supybot-modules/packages (e. g. import supybot.utils as utils), but works ok on e. g. "from supybot.commands import *". So I guess I set up dydev correctly, as it finds the wanted modules. The problem must be in pydev/eclipse, as the bot works correct and in eric5 I get also no errors about that. Removing the interpreter and setting it up didn't help. Any other ideas on how to fix this? System: Arch Linux, Eclipse Juno, PyDev 2.7.1, wanted (and set up) python interpreter is 2.7, supybot is installed in site-packages for Python 2.7. Edit: Just noticed: PyDev doesn't mark the "from ... import *" as error, but if I use functions imported from there I get an error on that function.

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  • desktop module for existing web application

    - by maxxxee
    My client has a running web application which has been online for more than a year. Recently the client has introduced smart cards for his employees. Because of the difficulty in integrating smart card with its api on a web interface(i will post another detailed question on this later) we are planning to have desktop interface for this. There are 10-20 terminals which will use the desktop interface. 3 approaches for doing this that I have considered : Direct connection and operations on DB-Not using this because of data integrity and consistency issues. Build web service end points and use it from desktop interface Build a dll with common functions and use from both web and desktop Questions: 1. What are your opinions based on 2 and 3 approach? 2. Any other approach that I should consider? Note: I am using .Net framework, web application in asp.net

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  • How to correctly hook and return GetDlgItemTextA from C++ to C# to C++ from EasyHook

    - by Gbps
    I'm using EasyHook, a C# library for injecting and detouring functions from unmanaged applications. I'm trying to hook onto GetDlgItemTextA, which takes the arguments: UINT WINAPI GetDlgItemText( __in HWND hDlg, __in int nIDDlgItem, __out LPTSTR lpString, __in int nMaxCount );` In my hook, I am casting it as: [DllImport("user32.dll", // CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] static extern uint GetDlgItemTextA(IntPtr hWin, int nIDDlgItem, StringBuilder text, int MaxCount); And my hook is: static uint DGetDlgItemText_Hooked(IntPtr hWin, int nIDDlgItem, StringBuilder text, int MaxCount) { // call original API... uint ret = GetDlgItemTextA(hWin, nIDDlgItem, text, MaxCount); MessageBox.Show(text.ToString()); return ret; } Unfortunately, the moment this is called, the hooked application crashes. Is there a better cast I can use to successfully hook onto this function? Thanks! I've compiled, editted, and confirmed the working condition of my EasyHook setup. This is just casing and hooking only.

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  • External GUI/Helper Library for Visual C++?

    - by Psychic
    I am looking for some kind of library, either open source or bought in, that provides advanced GUI components, helper functions & classes etc. It needs to be something that integrates relatively easily into Visual Studio, and should be based around C++ and Windows. Cross platform isn't needed, and can somtimes make things a little more complex and restricted than single platform, but it is still acceptable. It also needs to be up-to-date and active. There appears to be a number of 'retired' libraries that offer little or no support, so these would not be suitable, as I'm going to need help every now and then! It also needs good documentation. I know about wxWidgets but I'm wondering what other alternatives there are? At first glance, wxWidgets doesn't strike me as what I want/need, especially in the GUI area where the visual components seem striking similar to the stock components. I want more custimization! Is there much out there that meets these requirements?

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  • What Can A 'TreeDict' (Or Treemap) Be Used For In Practice?

    - by Seun Osewa
    I'm developing a 'TreeDict' class in Python. This is a basically a dict that allows you to retrieve its key-value pairs in sorted order, just like the Treemap collection class in Java. I've implemented some functionality based on the way unique indexes in relational databases can be used, e.g. functions to let you retrieve values corresponding to a range of keys, keys greater than, less than or equal to a particular value in sorted order, strings or tuples that have a specific prefix in sorted order, etc. Unfortunately, I can't think of any real life problem that will require a class like this. I suspect that the reason we don't have sorted dicts in Python is that in practice they aren't required often enough to be worth it, but I want to be proved wrong. Can you think of any specific applications of a 'TreeDict'? Any real life problem that would be best solved by this data structure? I just want to know for sure whether this is worth it.

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  • Visual Studio 2010 element names for theming

    - by Anthony Potts
    I am trying to figure out what the element name for the tooltip is in Visual studio so that I can change the style using the extension found here. Anyone know what that is? I am using the default theme which seems to have a white to light grey gradient on it. This is less than optimal since the text for the functions are also white. In a more general question (and perhaps better), is there anything that maps the names as they are found in the theme to where they are in the IDE.

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