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  • Ubuntu: On-screen keyboard

    - by Paul Lammertsma
    On a similar note to this question, I recently booted Ubuntu to recover a Windows partition, but couldn't in any way get the keyboard to register. I recall back in 8.x that you could easily reach the on-screen keyboard (Virtual Keyboard?) via "Assistive Technologies". It seems to have disappeared since 9.x. For future reference, how can I easily get to it? Recall that in this scenario I won't have a keyboard to enter terminal commands (e.g. to install xkbd or something of the like).

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  • How to disable Windows 8 lock screen?

    - by Filip
    So I took a plunge and installed Windows 8 Consumer Preview on my main home PC. So far so good, but there is one annoyance - the system "locks" the computer after a period of inactivity causing me to re-enter my password. I really would like to avoid this, but have no idea how. I already tried the power settings (no pass on wake up) and the screen saver settings with no luck. Is this some sort of bug, or am I missing something? P.S. In this case I favor convenience over security.

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  • Slight delay when switching modes in vim using tmux or screen

    - by Ton van den Heuvel
    Switching to and from insert mode in Vim is no longer instantaneous since I use tmux. After pressing Esc in insert mode, it takes a noticeable amount of time to actually get out of insert mode. After pressing Esc and any other key afterwards the switch is immediate, and the command for the key pressed after Esc is executed. Any idea what might cause this? The Vim configuration is not the problem as the delay does not occur when I run Vim outside tmux, so this is probably related to tmux somehow. I use gnome-terminal btw. Also worth noting, it seems I can not define key bindings in tmux for Esc, my plan was to bind Esc to: bind Escape send-keys ^[ Alas, it seems binding anything to Esc for tmux does not work. The same problem occurs in screen as well.

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  • Blue screen - BCCode: 7F

    - by Joe
    I've recently bought a refurbished Toshiba Satellite A660 11M and I get the blue screen of death appearing fairly frequently now, and I can't seem to work out why or how to prevent/cure it. Firstly I thought it was due to Zone Alarm from what I read on the net, but then I thought it was a memory issue after it crashed whilst I was running Memtest. But after I ran Memtest a second time, it completed without any errors... Here are my computer specs - Toshiba Satellite A660 11M 500 GB hard disk 4 GB RAM Windows 7 Premium Nvidia GeForce GT 330M and here is more info regarding the crashes I keep getting - Problem signature: Problem Event Name: BlueScreen OS Version: 6.1.7600.2.0.0.768.3 Locale ID: 2057 Additional information about the problem: BCCode: 7f BCP1: 0000000000000008 BCP2: 0000000080050033 BCP3: 00000000000006F8 BCP4: FFFFF80003040EC0 OS Version: 6_1_7600 Service Pack: 0_0 Product: 768_1

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  • Windows 8 sleep, blank screen on resume

    - by Waqar Hameed
    I use a SONY VAIO laptop VPCS116FA that came pre-installed with Windows 7. I have upgraded to Windows 8. The experience has been good so far but I am facing a frustrating problem. Whenever, I put my computer to sleep, it won't wake up and I have to restart it. Note that this does not affect hibernation which works perfectly fine. However, it is not a perfect alternative to sleep option. I have tried this method to resolve the problem but in vain: http://www.thulasidas.com/2009-03/blank-screen-after-hibernatesleep.htm I really am in need for a solution to this problem. Please suggest whatever you think can resolve this.

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  • How to highlight full row in GNU screen

    - by dorelal
    I have a mac pro and now I am trying to use GNU screen instead of terminal. When I need to look at the log the I hit Ctrl A [ and I get into copy mode. However it is really hard to detect where my cursor is since it is of color red and it is underscore. Is it possible to get the cursor in a block form in copy mode. Or highlight the whole row. Any stronger visual indication of where my cursor is in copy mode would be of help. Thanks

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  • Windows 7 random black screen when idle

    - by Omar
    Occasionally, when I'm away from my computer for about 5 minutes, the computer screen will go black and all USB devices (keyboard/mouse) will lose power. Attempting to move the mouse or pressing keys does not 'wake up' the computer. This only started happening a few days ago but I'm not sure what changes I did could have caused this and I uninstalled programs (one by one) I installed before it started happening, but still having the same issue. The one thing I noticed different about my computer since it started happening is i've been getting random survey popups from www.insightexpress.com. I ran Microsoft Security Essentials scan, it picked up some Java related malware, I removed it but still the same issue. I'm running MBAM right now and will run SAS after. Edit: I just updated drivers for motherboard and video card and ran virus scans, still having the same issue.

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  • How to use cursor keys to switch buffers in GNU screen

    - by suvayu
    I want to use cursor keys or cursor keys with a modifier like Ctrl to switch between screen buffers (e.g. C-a [arrow] or C-a C-[arrow]). So far I have tried settings like the ones below with no success. bind \224\115 prev bind \224\116 next bindkey -d ^[[1;5D prev bindkey -d ^[[1;5C next They are either ignored or behave unexpectedly (the second one). I am also not sure how to specify the keys. To get the characters, I either used C-v to quote them in bash, or tried to look-up on the Internet (e.g. http://ascii-table.com/ansi-escape-sequences.php). Any idea how I can achieve this key binding?

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  • Customise on screen keyboard

    - by axrwkr
    How would one go about customising the on screen keyboard on a Microsoft Surface Pro? I've noticed that it doesn't have an alt or Esc key and I can't think of any good reason why those keys, among others, should not be there. In particular I want to use keys such as [ and ]. Also there are no up and down arrow keys. I already have a type cover but sometimes I'd like to use those keys without having the type cover attached. Ideally I'd like a way to enable those missing keys and perhaps to remove the ones that I don't want, such as the emoticon key.

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  • How to quickly acquire and process real time screen output

    - by Akusete
    I am trying to write a program to play a full screen PC game for fun (as an experiment in Computer Vision and Artificial Intelligence). For this experiment I am assuming the game has no underlying API for AI players (nor is the source available) so I intend to process the visual information rendered by the game on the screen. The game runs in full screen mode on a win32 system (direct-X I assume). Currently I am using the win32 functions #include <windows.h> #include <cvaux.h> class Screen { public: HWND windowHandle; HDC windowContext; HBITMAP buffer; HDC bufferContext; CvSize size; uchar* bytes; int channels; Screen () { windowHandle = GetDesktopWindow(); windowContext = GetWindowDC (windowHandle); size = cvSize (GetDeviceCaps (windowContext, HORZRES), GetDeviceCaps (windowContext, VERTRES)); buffer = CreateCompatibleBitmap (windowContext, size.width, size.height); bufferContext = CreateCompatibleDC (windowContext); SelectObject (bufferContext, buffer); channels = 4; bytes = new uchar[size.width * size.height * channels]; } ~Screen () { ReleaseDC(windowHandle, windowContext); DeleteDC(bufferContext); DeleteObject(buffer); delete[] bytes; } void CaptureScreen (IplImage* img) { BitBlt(bufferContext, 0, 0, size.width, size.height, windowContext, 0, 0, SRCCOPY); int n = size.width * size.height; int imgChannels = img->nChannels; GetBitmapBits (buffer, n * channels, bytes); uchar* src = bytes; uchar* dest = (uchar*) img->imageData; uchar* end = dest + n * imgChannels; while (dest < end) { dest[0] = src[0]; dest[1] = src[1]; dest[2] = src[2]; dest += imgChannels; src += channels; } } The rate at which I can process frames using this approach is much to slow. Is there a better way to acquire screen frames?

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  • Windows splash screen using GDI+

    - by Luther
    The eventual aim of this is to have a splash screen in windows that uses transparency but that's not what I'm stuck on at the moment. In order to create a transparent window, I'm first trying to composite the splash screen and text on an off screen buffer using GDI+. At the moment I'm just trying to composite the buffer and display it in response to a 'WM_PAINT' message. This isn't working out at the moment; all I see is a black window. I imagine I've misunderstood something with regards to setting up render targets in GDI+ and then rendering them (I'm trying to render the screen using straight forward GDI blit) Anyway, here's the code so far: //my window initialisation code void MyWindow::create_hwnd(HINSTANCE instance, const SIZE &dim) { DWORD ex_style = WS_EX_LAYERED ; //eventually I'll be making use of this layerd flag m_hwnd = CreateWindowEx( ex_style, szFloatingWindowClass , L"", WS_POPUP , 0, 0, dim.cx, dim.cy, null, null, instance, null); SetWindowLongPtr(m_hwnd ,0, (__int3264)(LONG_PTR)this); m_display_dc = GetDC(NULL); //This was sanity check test code - just loading a standard HBITMAP and displaying it in WM_PAINT. It worked fine //HANDLE handle= LoadImage(NULL , L"c:\\test_image2.bmp", IMAGE_BITMAP, 0, 0, LR_LOADFROMFILE); m_gdip_offscreen_bm = new Gdiplus::Bitmap(dim.cx, dim.cy); m_gdi_dc = Gdiplus::Graphics::FromImage(m_gdip_offscreen_bm);//new Gdiplus::Graphics(m_splash_dc );//window_dc ;m_splash_dc //this draws the conents of my splash screen - this works if I create a GDI+ context for the window, rather than for an offscreen bitmap. //For all I know, it might actually be working but when I try to display the contents on screen, it shows a black image draw_all(); //this is just to show that drawing something simple on the offscreen bit map seems to have no effect Gdiplus::Pen pen(Gdiplus::Color(255, 0, 0, 255)); m_gdi_dc->DrawLine(&pen, 0,0,100,100); DWORD last_error = GetLastError(); //returns '0' at this stage } And here's the snipit that handles the WM_PAINT message: ---8<----------------------- //Paint message snippit case WM_PAINT: { BITMAP bm; PAINTSTRUCT ps; HDC hdc = BeginPaint(vg->m_hwnd, &ps); //get the HWNDs DC HDC hdcMem = vg->m_gdi_dc->GetHDC(); //get the HDC from our offscreen GDI+ object unsigned int width = vg->m_gdip_offscreen_bm->GetWidth(); //width and height seem fine at this point unsigned int height = vg->m_gdip_offscreen_bm->GetHeight(); BitBlt(hdc, 0, 0, width, height, hdcMem, 0, 0, SRCCOPY); //this blits a black rectangle DWORD last_error = GetLastError(); //this was '0' vg->m_gdi_dc->ReleaseHDC(hdcMem); EndPaint(vg->m_hwnd, &ps); //end paint return 1; } ---8<----------------------- My apologies for the long post. Does anybody know what I'm not quite understanding regarding how you write to an offscreen buffer using GDI+ (or GDI for that matter)and then display this on screen? Thank you for reading.

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  • Blue screen of death while installing any Adobe Air application

    - by Gaurav Sharma
    Whenever I try to install an Air application I get a Blue Screen and then my system restarts. I cannot even take a screenshot of it. This happens with every air application I try to install. I also searched for the same on Adobe forums and found the same problem being faced by someone else. His problem was resolved by uninstalling a software named "Folder Lock". I searched my hard disk for this software and found one, so I deleted that software (shift+delete) and removed all it's traces from registry too but that still doesn't solved the problem. I also tried disabling the antivirus software and then install the air application but this also didn't helped. Here is the screenshot of the BSOD. I was able to install air applications earlier, but now I can't. Anybody having same sort of problem. One colleague of mine is also having the same problem. Please help me out. My system's config is as follows: Windows XP Home sp3 Flash Builder 4, with SDK 4.1, 3.5 installed in it. Adobe Air v 2.5 1.5 GB RAM 1.66 MHz processor Thanks

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  • Ubuntu 12.4 compiz - disable all compiz plugin - empty screen

    - by gotqn
    A friend of mine has installed on my new machine Ubuntu 10.4 (I have always been windows user and have no experience with Linux). I started to watch some tutorial about how to make 'Rotated Cube' using 'Compiz',but the cube appears in the form of a list (only two slides). I have thought this could be result of my video cards (only two - one from the processor and one from the motherboard) and they can not support this options. Anyway, I have decided to disable all compiz plugins and options because my friend has set some, and I started to think there is some misunderstanding between the plugins. After, that I got only empty screen(no menu, no icons, anything) and can do nothing. How to fix this? EDIT: When I remove the compiz stuffs (from the console), the menu is shown again. Then I install the compiz again (some of the effect are still not working). After restart or log out/in the menu is hidden again. I suppose that there are some settings that I've broken but they are saved somewhere in the system and remove the compiz do not deleted them and as a result they are activated after compiz is installed again and the PC is restarted?

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  • Windows 7 Black Screen On Boot, Seperate Bootable VHD Works Fine

    - by David Osborn
    I have a Window 7 x64 install with a bootable VHD (also Windows 7 x64). I was having problems getting my homeserver to do backups (VSS erred) so I ran check disk and used a tool from MS (cleanc2r.exe) to remove an empty Q drive from the VHD that I believe was a result of installing Office 2010 Beta. (All of this was done on the bootable VHD, not the main install.) Now I can't boot into the main install. It gets past the Starting Windows screen and then goes black. I can still boot into the bootable VHD and everything works fine from there. I have tried to boot the main install in Safe Mode/Safe Mode with Networking/and Safe Mode command prompt and it has the same issue. I ran chkdsk /r on the main install and after doing all the work there was a message about correcting some free space that was marked as allocated and also that it was unable to make an entry into the event log. I tried the startup repair utility and it found no problems. I don't see the setting for restore to last know good configuration so I couldn't do that. I don't recall installing anything new to the main install nor having hooked up any new hardware recently.

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  • Ubuntu 12.04 compiz - disable all compiz plugin - empty screen

    - by gotqn
    A lots of thanks to terdon who spent so many time on this and finally solve the issue. A friend of mine has installed on my new machine Ubuntu 12.04 (I have always been windows user and have no experience with Linux). I started to watch some tutorial about how to make 'Rotated Cube' using 'Compiz',but the cube appears in the form of a list (only two slides). I have thought this could be result of my video cards (only two - one from the processor and one from the motherboard) and they can not support this options. Anyway, I have decided to disable all compiz plugins and options because my friend has set some, and I started to think there is some misunderstanding between the plugins. After, that I got only empty screen(no menu, no icons, anything) and can do nothing. How to fix this? EDIT: When I remove the compiz stuffs (from the console), the menu is shown again. Then I install the compiz again (some of the effect are still not working). After restart or log out/in the menu is hidden again. I suppose that there are some settings that I've broken but they are saved somewhere in the system and remove the compiz do not deleted them and as a result they are activated after compiz is installed again and the PC is restarted?

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  • In GNU Screen, Recalled bash history command displays one character position to the left of actual location

    - by vergueishon
    I am running Red Hat 5 32-bit (2.6.18-194.26.1.el5). The issue is that when I recall any previous command in bash's history, the first character in the command is displayed immediately after the shell prompt, without any intervening space, likeso: \[me@mymachine tmp]$man mysql If I enter a Ctrl-C, and retype the command, it looks likeso: \[me@mymachine tmp]$ man mysql This makes recalling a command and editing it before re-entering a real pain. Basically, if I try to edit a recalled command, my changes occur one character position to the left (I believe) of what I see on the screen. It's a bit tedious to describe, and appears to only happen with commands with a large number of arguments. UPDATE: The contents of /etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-screen, 1 #!/bin/bash 2 echo -n $'\033'"_${USER}@${HOSTNAME%%.*}:${PWD/#$HOME/~}"$'\033\\\\' and the contents of /etc/bashrc, 24 screen) 25 if [ -e /etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-screen ]; then 26 PROMPT_COMMAND=/etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-screen 27 else 28 PROMPT_COMMAND='echo -ne "\033_${USER}@${HOSTNAME%%.*}:${PWD/#$HOME/~}"; echo -ne "\033\\"' 29 fi 30 ;; I've disable bash-prompt-screen by renaming it--this fixed it. It's entirely possible that there is a fix to the bash-prompt-screen prompt line in the latest version of screen for RHEL 5. The error is seen under Screen version 4.00.03 (FAU) 23-Oct-06. (I noticed an update in the queue, which is installing as I write this.)

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  • What are useful .screenrc settings?

    - by gyaresu
    Basically like some of my own that I've posted below. I'm looking for added functionality to the programme 'screen'. At the very least have a look at the last line for a fantastic 'menu bar' at the bottom of a screen session. ## gyaresu's .screenrc 2008-03-25 # http://delicious.com/search?p=screenrc # Don't display the copyright page startup_message off # tab-completion flash in heading bar vbell off # keep scrollback n lines defscrollback 1000 # Doesn't fix scrollback problem on xterm because if you scroll back # all you see is the other terminals history. # termcapinfo xterm|xterms|xs|rxvt ti@:te@ # These will let you use bind -c selectHighs 0 select 10 #these three commands are bind -c selectHighs 1 select 11 #added to the command-class bind -c selectHighs 2 select 12 #selectHighs bind -c selectHighs 3 select 13 bind -c selectHighs 4 select 14 bind -c selectHighs 5 select 15 bind - command -c selectHighs #bind the hyphen to #command-class selectHighs screen -t rtorrent 0 rtorrent #screen -t tunes 1 ncmpc --host=192.168.1.4 --port=6600 #was for connecting to MPD music server. screen -t stuff 1 screen -t irssi 2 irssi screen -t dancing 4 screen -t python 5 python screen -t giantfriend 6 these_are_ssh_to_server_scripts.sh screen -t computerrescue 7 these_are_ssh_to_server_scripts.sh screen -t BMon 8 bmon -p eth0 screen -t htop 9 htop screen -t hellanzb 10 hellanzb screen -t watching 3 #screen -t interactive.fiction 8 #screen -t hellahella 8 paster serve --daemon /home/gyaresu/downloads/hellahella/hella.ini shelltitle "$ |bash" # THIS IS THE PRETTY BIT #change the hardstatus settings to give an window list at the bottom of the ##screen, with the time and date and with the current window highlighted hardstatus alwayslastline #hardstatus string '%{= mK}%-Lw%{= KW}%50>%n%f* %t%{= mK}%+Lw%< %{= kG}%-=%D %d %M %Y %c:%s%{-}' hardstatus string '%{= kG}[ %{G}%H %{g}][%= %{= kw}%?%-Lw%?%{r}(%{W}%n*%f%t%?(%u)%?%{r})%{w}%?%+Lw%?%?%= %{g}][%{B} %d/%m %{W}%c %{g}]'

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  • Lock Windows keyboard and mouse but still display screen normally

    - by Stephen Lacy
    I'm using windows 7, I have a dual monitor display. It displays important information related to the business, I'd rather that random users that walk in can't just walk over to it and start using the computer with the same access rights as the user the monitoring software is running as. What I would like is if any time someone presses a button on the keyboard including alt-ctrl-delete all that would appear is a dialog asking for a password. Then I can click cancel and it will return to showing the data I want displayed. ClearLock doesn't work I tried it btw

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  • Screen randomly goes blue/black/white

    - by FubsyGamer
    Problem Randomly, while using my computer, the monitor goes dark grey/almost black, or it goes white with faint grey vertical lines, or it goes blue with black vertical lines. It's as if the computer powers off. People tell me I sign out of Skype, Spotify stops playing when it happens, etc. When I look at the tower, it doesn't seem like it's off at all. Nothing changes, fans are spinning, lights are on, etc. If you were only looking at the tower, you'd never know there was a problem The only way I can get it to come back up is to push and hold the power button and turn it off, then back on This never happens while I'm playing video games. I've done 5-6 hour sessions of League of Legends, and it doesn't do anything When I'm just browsing the web, reading email, checking Reddit, etc, it happens all the time. It can happen multiple times in a session, it usually takes only about 5 minutes from the time I start browsing to when the computer crashes This started happening after I moved to a new apartment (this has to be relevant somehow, it was not happening where I lived before) There is nothing in the crash logs or event logs System Specs i5 2500k CPU AMD Radeon 6800 GPU Gigabyte z68a-d3h-b3 motherboard WD VelociRaptor 1 TB HDD Screenshots Device manager About screen Things I have tried I was getting a WMI Error in my event logs, but I fixed it using Microsoft's fix, KB 2545227 I was using Windows 8. I wiped the HDD and downgraded to Windows 7 64 bit I took out the video card and used a can of air to totally clean out the video card, all fans, and the inside of the computer in general. I made sure all of the video card pins were fine, then reconnected it I tried to update my motherboard BIOS, but anything I downloaded from Gigabyte was only for 32 bit machines, not 64. I don't even know how to tell what my motherboard BIOS is at right now I am using a power strip, and anything else connected to it works just fine If I re-seat the monitor cable while this is happening, nothing changes Please, help me. I've been battling this for several weeks now, and it's so frustrating it makes me not even want to use the computer.

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  • 5 Ways Microsoft Can Improve the Windows 8 Start Screen

    - by Matt Klein
    After having used Windows 8 over the past few months, we’ve found a few ways Microsoft could immediately improve the Start Screen to make it less disorienting and more usable, not only for tablets but desktops and laptops as well. It’s safe to say that the one thing Windows 8 doesn’t lack is criticism. Since the Consumer Preview debuted in February, it has proven to be one of the most polarizing Windows releases ever. But regardless of whether you love or hate it, Windows 8 is where Microsoft’s venerable operating system is headed. Portable computing is here to stay and if the company is to survive, let alone remain relevant, it has to change, adapt, embrace, and extend. Perhaps the single most universally controversial change to Windows is Microsoft’s decision to remove the Start button (or orb, if you’ve moved beyond XP) and with it, what we know to be the Start Menu. In their place we now have a Start hot corner (a workable alternative) and the newly redesigned Metro Start Screen. The Start Screen is, if nothing else, different. Beyond a doubt, there has not been such a radical redesign of Windows’ Start functionality since it went to a two-column design with a nested “All Programs” menu in Windows XP. The Start Screen can be a little jarring because it requires users to not only relearn what they’ve known for nearly two decades but to also rethink the way they interact with Windows. However, the Start Screen maintains its core elements: a Start “menu”, a place for all installed programs (All apps), and a search pane. The Start Screen is attractive, clean, bold, and very imperfect. Here are five changes we’d like to see in the Start Screen before Windows 8 goes gold … How to Make Your Laptop Choose a Wired Connection Instead of Wireless HTG Explains: What Is Two-Factor Authentication and Should I Be Using It? HTG Explains: What Is Windows RT and What Does It Mean To Me?

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  • How to start application from C# application?

    - by Mohamed
    hi all, how can i start any application from C# i mean for example, if i have an openfiledialog and the user opened it and selected any file and opened it, i need this file to opened in its application whatever its extension and its default start application. i have googled and found that Process.Start takes the file name and its application but i don't know what is the type of the file the user is going o open thanks in advance for any replies.

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  • Start a thread in a different process in Java

    - by kolm
    Hi there, is it possible to start a new thread in a different process in Java? I mean, I'm running a specific process and main thread, issuing ProcessBuilder for creating a new process. Before start() method is invoked, one must provide the command to be run in another process. Is it possible to start a new thread in newly created process? Thank you in advance for the reply. Best regards.

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  • Which screen resolution should I target for modern mobile phones? [closed]

    - by tugberk
    Possible Duplicate: Building for different screen sizes I am developing a site which needs to work on mobiles as well. I avoid specifying width and height by pixel. Mostly I am using percent for that but sometimes I need a specific area. for example, 300px div element. Which screen resolution should I target for modern mobile phones in general? I know it varies but what is the higher number. Most of my concerns are iPhone, Windows Phone and Android.

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  • Navigation in Win8 Metro Style applications

    - by Dennis Vroegop
    In Windows 8, Touch is, as they say, a first class citizen. Now, to be honest: they also said that in Windows 7. However in Win8 this is actually true. Applications are meant to be used by touch. Yes, you can still use mouse, keyboard and pen and your apps should take that into account but touch is where you should focus on initially. Will all users have touch enabled devices? No, not in the first place. I don’t think touchscreens will be on every device sold next year. But in 5 years? Who knows? Don’t forget: if your app is successful it will be around for a long time and by that time touchscreens will be everywhere. Another reason to embrace touch is that it’s easier to develop a touch-oriented app and then to make sure that keyboard, nouse and pen work as doing it the other way around. Porting a mouse-based application to a touch based application almost never works. The reverse gives you much more chances for success. That being said, there are some things that you need to think about. Most people have more than one finger, while most users only use one mouse at the time. Still, most touch-developers translate their mouse-knowledge to the touch and think they did a good job. Martin Tirion from Microsoft said that since Touch is a new language people face the same challenges they do when learning a new real spoken language. The first thing people try when learning a new language is simply replace the words in their native language to the newly learned words. At first they don’t care about grammar. To a native speaker of that other language this sounds all wrong but they still will be able to understand what the intention was. If you don’t believe me: try Google translate to translate something for you from your language to another and then back and see what happens. The same thing happens with Touch. Most developers translate a mouse-click into a tap-event and think they’re done. Well matey, you’re not done. Not by far. There are things you can do with a mouse that you cannot do with touch. Think hover. A mouse has the ability to ‘slide’ over UI elements. Touch doesn’t (I know: with Pen you can do this but I’m talking about actual fingers here). A touch is either there or it isn’t. And right-click? Forget about it. A click is a click.  Yes, you have more than one finger but the machine doesn’t know which finger you use… The other way around is also true. Like I said: most users only have one mouse but they are likely to have more than one finger. So how do we take that into account? Thinking about this is really worth the time: you might come up with some surprisingly good ideas! Still: don’t forget that not every user has touch-enabled hardware so make sure your app is useable for both groups. Keep this in mind: we’re going to need it later on! Now. Apps should be easy to use. You don’t want your user to read through pages and pages of documentation before they can use the app. Imagine that spotter next to an airfield suddenly seeing a prototype of a Concorde 2 landing on the nearby runway. He probably wants to enter that information in our app NOW and not after he’s taken a 3 day course. Even if he still has to download the app, install it for the first time and then run it he should be on his way immediately. At least, fast enough to note down the details of that unique, rare and possibly exciting sighting he just did. So.. How do we do this? Well, I am not talking about games here. Games are in a league of their own. They fall outside the scope of the apps I am describing. But all the others can roughly be characterized as being one of two flavors: the navigation is either flat or hierarchical. That’s it. And if it’s hierarchical it’s no more than three levels deep. Not more. Your users will get lost otherwise and we don’t want that. Flat is simple. Just imagine we have one screen that is as high as our physical screen is and as wide as you need it to be. Don’t worry if it doesn’t fit on the screen: people can scroll to the right and left. Don’t combine up/down and left/right scrolling: it’s confusing. Next to that, since most users will hold their device in landscape mode it’s very natural to scroll horizontal. So let’s use that when we have a flat model. The same applies to the hierarchical model. Try to have at most three levels. If you need more space, find a way to group the items in such a way that you can fit it in three, very wide lanes. At the highest level we have the so called hub level. This is the entry point of the app and as such it should give the user an immediate feeling of what the app is all about. If your app has categories if items then you might show these categories here. And while you’re at it: also show 2 or 3 of the items itself here to give the user a taste of what lies beneath. If the user selects a category you go to the section part. Here you show several sections (again, go as wide as you need) with again some detail examples. After that: the details layer shows each item. By giving some samples of the underlaying layer you achieve several things: you make the layer attractive by showing several different things, you show some highlights so the user sees actual content and you provide a shortcut to the layers underneath. The image below is borrowed from the http://design.windows.com website which has tons and tons of examples: For our app we’ll use this layout. So what will we show? Well, let’s see what sorts of features our app has to offer. I’ll repeat them here: Note planes Add pictures of that plane Notify friends of new spots Share new spots on social media Write down arrival times Write down departure times Write down the runway they take I am sure you can think of some more items but for now we'll use these. In the hub we’ll show something that represents “Spots”, “Friends”, “Social”. Apparently we have an inner list of spotter-friends that are in the app, while we also have to whole world in social. In the layer below we show something else, depending on what the user choose. When they choose “Spots” we’ll display the last spots, last spots by our friends (so we can actually jump from this category to the one next to it) and so on. When they choose a “spot” (or press the + icon in the App bar, which I’ll talk about next time) they go to the lowest and final level that shows details about that spot, including a picture, date and time and the notes belonging to that entry. You’d be amazed at how easy it is to organize your app this way. If you don’t have enough room in these three layers you probably could easily get away with grouping items. Take a look at our hub: we have three completely different things in one place. If you still can’t fit it all in in a logical and consistent way, chances are you are trying to do too much in this app. Go back to your mission statement, determine if it is specific enough and if your feature list helps that statement or makes it unclear. Go ahead. Give it a go! Next time we’ll talk about the look and feel, the charms and the app-bar….

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