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  • Random thoughts on Monday

    - by user10760339
    I know that it has been a long time since my last post, just though that I would update you my latest thoughts of Governance. I just recently completed an executive round table series on EA and Cloud in Singapore, Indonesia and Malaysia. The response was phenomenal. The key point of the session was that Enterprise is the key enabler of innovation - All companies want to drive to be market leaders, EA can lay the foundation for the path to deliver that at innovation. When it comes to innovation, I see two distinct types: (a) Passive innovation is where a company creates innovation thought increments improvement over time. A great example is when airlines went from paper tickets to electronic ticket. Next logical progression is to do the same with boarding passes. There are a lot of examples to choose from, thought the thing to keep in mind, is that passive innovation will only keep you in the lead, it won’t allow you to create new markets or jump from #3 to #1 in one go. For that we need another type of innovation. (b) Disruptive innovation is where you create market where none existed before. Thought very difficult to do and requires significant investment in research, product and software development and not least of all, visionary thinking and timing, if done correctly, can turn the world on it’s ear. A great example is Apple iTunes. Some might say that this is incremental innovation, but only in one aspect, the downloading of music. Other then that, it’s all disruptive innovation. Being able to buy a single song rather then the album fundamentally changed the way we get out music. Behind all of these types of innovation is Enterprise Architecture. EA creates the infrastructure foundation, then delivery systems and the end-user experience to deliver this innovation. At Oracle, we are driving that EA innovation with our private cloud offerings from “bolt-to-glass” as I like to say. For more on what Oracle has to offer in EA and cloud, have a look at Cloud Computing | Oracle and Enterprise Architecture - OracleI am working on new material that I will be posting in a couple of weeks, so check back regularly for new updates or feel free to subscript for updates.

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  • Why do people think SOAP is deprecated?

    - by user98q37479
    While browsing SO today I found this question here and it starts with this: Sure, you're gonna tell me that SOAP is depracated and all, well i'm forced to use it Found lots of statement like this one on SO up till now, this one just triggered me to ask this question. REST has its uses, SOAP has its uses, in some places they intersect as functionality but they are not replaceable to one another. So I wonder, why do people think SOAP is "deprecated"? Is it ignorance? Complexity of SOAP and WS-* specs? REST hype? What? If you think SOAP is deprecated please tell me why. I'm curious!

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  • Transform Your Application Integration with Best Practices from Oracle Customers

    - by Lionel Dubreuil
    You want to transform your application integration into an environment based on a service-oriented architecture (SOA). You also want to utilize business process management (BPM) to improve efficiency, deliver business agility, lower total cost of ownership, and increase business visibility. And you want to hear directly from like-minded professionals who have made those types of transformations. Easy enough. Attend this Webcast series to learn from customers who have successfully integrated with Oracle SOA and BPM solutions.Join us for this series and discover how to: Use a single unified platform for all types of processes Increase real-time process visibility Improve efficiency of existing IT investments Lower up-front costs and achieve faster time to market Gain greater benefit from SOA with the addition of BPM Here's the list of upcoming webcasts: “Migrating to SOA at Choice Hotels” on Thurs., June 21, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Hear how Choice Hotels successfully made the transition from a complex legacy environment into a SOA-based shared services infrastructure that accelerated time to market as the company implemented its event-driven Google API project. “San Joaquin County—Optimizing Justice and Public Safety with Oracle BPM and Oracle SOA” on Thurs., July 26, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Learn how San Joaquin County moved to a service-oriented architecture foundation and business process management platform to gain efficiency and greater visibility into mission-critical information for public safety. “Streamlining Order to Cash with SOA at Eaton” on Thurs., August 23, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Discover how Eaton transitioned from a legacy TIBCO infrastructure. Learn about the company’s reference architecture for a SOA-based Oracle Fusion Distributed Order Orchestration (DOO). “Fast BPM Implementation with Fusion: Production in Five Months” on Thurs., September 13, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Learn how Nets Denmark A/S implemented Oracle Unified Business Process Management Suite in just five months. The Webcast will cover the implementation from start to production, including integration with legacy systems. “SOA Implementation at Farmers Insurance” on Thurs., October 18, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Learn how Farmers Insurance Group lowered application infrastructure costs, reduced time to market, and introduced flexibility by transforming to a SOA-based infrastructure with SOA governance. Register today!

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  • Transform Your Application Integration with Best Practices from Oracle Customers

    - by Lionel Dubreuil
    You want to transform your application integration into an environment based on a service-oriented architecture (SOA). You also want to utilize business process management (BPM) to improve efficiency, deliver business agility, lower total cost of ownership, and increase business visibility. And you want to hear directly from like-minded professionals who have made those types of transformations. Easy enough. Attend this Webcast series to learn from customers who have successfully integrated with Oracle SOA and BPM solutions.Join us for this series and discover how to: Use a single unified platform for all types of processes Increase real-time process visibility Improve efficiency of existing IT investments Lower up-front costs and achieve faster time to market Gain greater benefit from SOA with the addition of BPM Here's the list of upcoming webcasts: “Migrating to SOA at Choice Hotels” on Thurs., June 21, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Hear how Choice Hotels successfully made the transition from a complex legacy environment into a SOA-based shared services infrastructure that accelerated time to market as the company implemented its event-driven Google API project. “San Joaquin County—Optimizing Justice and Public Safety with Oracle BPM and Oracle SOA” on Thurs., July 26, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Learn how San Joaquin County moved to a service-oriented architecture foundation and business process management platform to gain efficiency and greater visibility into mission-critical information for public safety. “Streamlining Order to Cash with SOA at Eaton” on Thurs., August 23, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Discover how Eaton transitioned from a legacy TIBCO infrastructure. Learn about the company’s reference architecture for a SOA-based Oracle Fusion Distributed Order Orchestration (DOO). “Fast BPM Implementation with Fusion: Production in Five Months” on Thurs., September 13, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Learn how Nets Denmark A/S implemented Oracle Unified Business Process Management Suite in just five months. The Webcast will cover the implementation from start to production, including integration with legacy systems. “SOA Implementation at Farmers Insurance” on Thurs., October 18, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Learn how Farmers Insurance Group lowered application infrastructure costs, reduced time to market, and introduced flexibility by transforming to a SOA-based infrastructure with SOA governance. Register today!

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  • Transform Your Application Integration with Best Practices from Oracle Customers

    - by Lionel Dubreuil
    You want to transform your application integration into an environment based on a service-oriented architecture (SOA). You also want to utilize business process management (BPM) to improve efficiency, deliver business agility, lower total cost of ownership, and increase business visibility. And you want to hear directly from like-minded professionals who have made those types of transformations. Easy enough. Attend this Webcast series to learn from customers who have successfully integrated with Oracle SOA and BPM solutions.Join us for this series and discover how to: Use a single unified platform for all types of processes Increase real-time process visibility Improve efficiency of existing IT investments Lower up-front costs and achieve faster time to market Gain greater benefit from SOA with the addition of BPM Here's the list of upcoming webcasts: “Migrating to SOA at Choice Hotels” on Thurs., June 21, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Hear how Choice Hotels successfully made the transition from a complex legacy environment into a SOA-based shared services infrastructure that accelerated time to market as the company implemented its event-driven Google API project. “San Joaquin County—Optimizing Justice and Public Safety with Oracle BPM and Oracle SOA” on Thurs., July 26, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Learn how San Joaquin County moved to a service-oriented architecture foundation and business process management platform to gain efficiency and greater visibility into mission-critical information for public safety. “Streamlining Order to Cash with SOA at Eaton” on Thurs., August 23, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Discover how Eaton transitioned from a legacy TIBCO infrastructure. Learn about the company’s reference architecture for a SOA-based Oracle Fusion Distributed Order Orchestration (DOO). “Fast BPM Implementation with Fusion: Production in Five Months” on Thurs., September 13, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Learn how Nets Denmark A/S implemented Oracle Unified Business Process Management Suite in just five months. The Webcast will cover the implementation from start to production, including integration with legacy systems. “SOA Implementation at Farmers Insurance” on Thurs., October 18, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Learn how Farmers Insurance Group lowered application infrastructure costs, reduced time to market, and introduced flexibility by transforming to a SOA-based infrastructure with SOA governance. Register today!

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  • Transform Your Application Integration with Best Practices from Oracle Customers

    - by Lionel Dubreuil
    You want to transform your application integration into an environment based on a service-oriented architecture (SOA). You also want to utilize business process management (BPM) to improve efficiency, deliver business agility, lower total cost of ownership, and increase business visibility. And you want to hear directly from like-minded professionals who have made those types of transformations. Easy enough. Attend this Webcast series to learn from customers who have successfully integrated with Oracle SOA and BPM solutions.Join us for this series and discover how to: Use a single unified platform for all types of processes Increase real-time process visibility Improve efficiency of existing IT investments Lower up-front costs and achieve faster time to market Gain greater benefit from SOA with the addition of BPM Here's the list of upcoming webcasts: “Migrating to SOA at Choice Hotels” on Thurs., June 21, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Hear how Choice Hotels successfully made the transition from a complex legacy environment into a SOA-based shared services infrastructure that accelerated time to market as the company implemented its event-driven Google API project. “San Joaquin County—Optimizing Justice and Public Safety with Oracle BPM and Oracle SOA” on Thurs., July 26, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Learn how San Joaquin County moved to a service-oriented architecture foundation and business process management platform to gain efficiency and greater visibility into mission-critical information for public safety. “Streamlining Order to Cash with SOA at Eaton” on Thurs., August 23, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Discover how Eaton transitioned from a legacy TIBCO infrastructure. Learn about the company’s reference architecture for a SOA-based Oracle Fusion Distributed Order Orchestration (DOO). “Fast BPM Implementation with Fusion: Production in Five Months” on Thurs., September 13, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Learn how Nets Denmark A/S implemented Oracle Unified Business Process Management Suite in just five months. The Webcast will cover the implementation from start to production, including integration with legacy systems. “SOA Implementation at Farmers Insurance” on Thurs., October 18, 2012 — 10 a.m. PT / 1 p.m. ET Learn how Farmers Insurance Group lowered application infrastructure costs, reduced time to market, and introduced flexibility by transforming to a SOA-based infrastructure with SOA governance. Register today!

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  • Why is there no service-oriented language?

    - by Wolfgang
    Edit: To avoid further confusion: I am not talking about web services and such. I am talking about structuring applications internally, it's not about how computers communicate. It's about programming languages, compilers and how the imperative programming paradigm is extended. Original: In the imperative programming field, we saw two paradigms in the past 20 years (or more): object-oriented (OO), and service-oriented (SO) aka. component-based (CB). Both paradigms extend the imperative programming paradigm by introducing their own notion of modules. OO calls them objects (and classes) and lets them encapsulates both data (fields) and procedures (methods) together. SO, in contrast, separates data (records, beans, ...) from code (components, services). However, only OO has programming languages which natively support its paradigm: Smalltalk, C++, Java and all other JVM-compatibles, C# and all other .NET-compatibles, Python etc. SO has no such native language. It only comes into existence on top of procedural languages or OO languages: COM/DCOM (binary, C, C++), CORBA, EJB, Spring, Guice (all Java), ... These SO frameworks clearly suffer from the missing native language support of their concepts. They start using OO classes to represent services and records. This leads to designs where there is a clear distinction between classes that have methods only (services) and those that have fields only (records). Inheritance between services or records is then simulated by inheritance of classes. Technically, its not kept so strictly but in general programmers are adviced to make classes to play only one of the two roles. They use additional, external languages to represent the missing parts: IDL's, XML configurations, Annotations in Java code, or even embedded DSL like in Guice. This is especially needed, but not limited to, since the composition of services is not part of the service code itself. In OO, objects create other objects so there is no need for such facilities but for SO there is because services don't instantiate or configure other services. They establish an inner-platform effect on top of OO (early EJB, CORBA) where the programmer has to write all the code that is needed to "drive" SO. Classes represent only a part of the nature of a service and lots of classes have to be written to form a service together. All that boiler plate is necessary because there is no SO compiler which would do it for the programmer. This is just like some people did it in C for OO when there was no C++. You just pass the record which holds the data of the object as a first parameter to the procedure which is the method. In a OO language this parameter is implicit and the compiler produces all the code that we need for virtual functions etc. For SO, this is clearly missing. Especially the newer frameworks extensively use AOP or introspection to add the missing parts to a OO language. This doesn't bring the necessary language expressiveness but avoids the boiler platform code described in the previous point. Some frameworks use code generation to produce the boiler plate code. Configuration files in XML or annotations in OO code is the source of information for this. Not all of the phenomena that I mentioned above can be attributed to SO but I hope it clearly shows that there is a need for a SO language. Since this paradigm is so popular: why isn't there one? Or maybe there are some academic ones but at least the industry doesn't use one.

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  • Issues with the intended behavior of a Service layer?

    - by Rafael Cichocki
    This analysis makes sense, and states anything that avoids code duplication and simplifies maintenance speaks for a service layer. What is the technical behavior? When a service client references a service, does it do so at runtime, or does it happen at compile time? When I change something in the service layer code, will this change be automatically taken into account in all it's clients, or do they need to be individually recompiled? How does this make sense from a testing point of view - I have working code, based on some code from a service, but if that service changes, my code might break?!

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  • Push-Based Events in a Services Oriented Architecture

    - by Colin Morelli
    I have come to a point, in building a services oriented architecture (on top of Thrift), that I need to expose events and allow listeners. My initial thought was, "create an EventService" to handle publishing and subscribing to events. That EventService can use whatever implementation it desires to actually distribute the events. My client automatically round-robins service requests to available service hosts which are determined using Zookeeper-based service discovery. So, I'd probably use JMS inside of EventService mainly for the purpose of persisting messages (in the event that a service host for EventService goes down before it can distribute the message to all of the available listeners). When I started considering this, I began looking into the differences between Queues and Topics. Topics unfortunately won't work for me, because (at least for now), all listeners must receive the message (even if they were down at the time the event was pushed, or hadn't made a subscription yet because they haven't completed startup (during deployment, for example) - messages should be queued until the service is available). However, I don't want EventService to be responsible for handling all of the events. I don't think it should have the code to react to events inside of it. Each of the services should do what it needs with a given event. This would indicate that each service would need a JMS connection, which questions the value of having EventService at all (as the services could individually publish and subscribe to JMS directly). However, it also couples all of the services to JMS (when I'd rather that there be a single service that's responsible for determining how to distribute events). What I had thought was to publish an event to EventService, which pulls a configuration of listeners from some configuration source (database, flat file, irrelevant for now). It replicates the message and pushes each one back into a queue with information specific to that listener (so, if there are 3 listeners, 1 event would become 3 events in JMS). Then, another thread in EventService (which is replicated, running on multiple hots) would be pulling from the queue, attempting to make the service call to the "listener", and returning the message to the queue (if the service is down), or discarding the message (if the listener completed successfully). tl;dr If I have an EventService that is responsible for receiving events and delegating service calls to "event listeners," (which are really just endpoints on other services), how should it know how to craft the service call? Should I create a generic "Event" object that is shared among all services? Then, the EventService can just construct this object and pass it to the service call. Or is there a better answer to this problem entirely?

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  • Services or Shared Libraries?

    - by Royal
    I work in an environment where we have several different web applications, where each of them have different features but still need to do similar things: authentication, read from common data sources, store common data, etc. Is it better to build the shared functionality into a set of services, to be called by the web apps, or is it better to make a shared library, which the webapps include? The services or libraries would need to access various databases, and it seems like keeping that access in a single place (service) is a good idea. It would also reduce the number of database connections needed. A service would also keep the logic in a single place, but then it could be argued that a shared library can do the same thing. Are there other benefits to be gained from using services over shared libraries?

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  • Queuing rpc calls

    - by alfa64
    i'm designing a system wich listen to json rpc calls from clients, piles it up inside a list, and if it gets full it should store them in a DB and keep recieving calls. My original plan is to listen to the rpc calls from Perl with the json-rpc and put them in the array. The clients do some long polling in another server to get responses as they appear. What is this blocking/noblocking thing? Should i do a script for node.js to listen to the calls? What do you think is a good practice in this case? The objective is to listen as much calls as possible.

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  • What is the value of workflow tools?

    - by user16549
    I'm new to Workflow developement, and I don't think I'm really getting the "big picture". Or perhaps to put it differently, these tools don't currently "click" in my head. So it seems that companies like to create business drawings to describe processes, and at some point someone decided that they could use a state machine like program to actually control processes from a line and boxes like diagram. Ten years later, these tools are huge, extremely complicated (my company is currently playing around with WebSphere, and I've attended some of the training, its a monster, even the so called "minimalist" versions of these workflow tools like Activiti are huge and complicated although not nearly as complicated as the beast that is WebSphere afaict). What is the great benefit in doing it this way? I can kind of understand the simple lines and boxes diagrams being useful, but these things, as far as I can tell, are visual programming languages at this point, complete with conditionals and loops. Programmers here appear to be doing a significant amount of work in the lines and boxes layer, which to me just looks like a really crappy, really basic visual programming language. If you're going to go that far, why not just use some sort of scripting language? Have people thrown the baby out with the bathwater on this? Has the lines and boxes thing been taken to an absurd level, or am I just not understanding the value in all this? I'd really like to see arguments in defense of this by people that have worked with this technology and understand why its useful. I don't see the value in it, but I recognize that I'm new to this as well and may not quite get it yet.

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  • Should business services cross bounded contexts?

    - by Paul T Davies
    Firstly, I am following the convention that a bounded context is synonymous to a department, or possibly one department has 1 to many bounded contexts. We have a client consultancy department that has a Documentation Service. Documents are stored in the Document Store Service (which is where all documents in the company are stored - it is a utility service), and the Documentation Service stores information about that document (a business service). As it was designed for the client consultancy, it is information relevant to them. Now health and safety need somewhere to store information about a document. This is different information to client consultancy, but I have been instructed to extend the existing service to account for this extra information. I feel this service is now crossing a bounded context. My worry is that all departments will eventually store there information in here and the service will become bloated, trying to be all things to all departments. Each document record will only store a subset of the information because it will only belong to one department. It will get worse when different departments want to store the same information but refer to it in a diferent ways, or when two departments want to store different information that they refer to in the same way. In my understanding, this is exactly the reason for bounded contexts. I feel each department should have it's own business service for information about a document, but use the same utility service to actually store the document. What would be the correct approach?

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  • Communication Between Different Technologies in a Distributed Application

    - by sjtaheri
    I had to a incorporate several legacy applications and services in a network-distributed application. The existing services and applications are written using different languages and technologies, including: java, C#.Net and C++; all running on MS Windows machines. Now I'm wondering about the communication mechanism between them. What is the simple and standard way? Thanks! PS. communications include simple message sending and remote method invocations.

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  • Learning Issued Token in Federated Service

    - by Lijo
    I would like to learn federated WCF service. I have the following in my system. • Windows XP • Visual Studio 2010 Express • SQL Server 2008 Express Is it possible to create a federated service sample with this infrastructure? Is there any article for that? UPDATE Federation: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms730908.aspx Federation Sample: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa355045.aspx

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  • Use a custom value object or a Guid as an entity identifier in a distributed system?

    - by Kazark
    tl;dr I've been told that in domain-driven design, an identifier for an entity could be a custom value object, i.e. something other than Guid, string, int, etc. Can this really be advisable in a distributed system? Long version I will invent an situation analogous to the one I am currently facing. Say I have a distributed system in which a central concept is an egg. The system allows you to order eggs and see spending reports and inventory-centric data such as quantity on hand, usage, valuation and what have you. There area variety of services backing these behaviors. And say there is also another app which allows you to compose recipes that link to a particular egg type. Now egg type is broken down by the species—ostrich, goose, duck, chicken, quail. This is fine and dandy because it means that users don't end up with ostrich eggs when they wanted quail eggs and whatnot. However, we've been getting complaints because jumbo chicken eggs are not even close to equivalent to small ones. The price is different, and they really aren't substitutable in recipes. And here we thought we were doing users a favor by not overwhelming them with too many options. Currently each of the services (say, OrderSubmitter, EggTypeDefiner, SpendingReportsGenerator, InventoryTracker, RecipeCreator, RecipeTracker, or whatever) are identifying egg types with an industry-standard integer representation the species (let's call it speciesCode). We realize we've goofed up because this change could effect every service. There are two basic proposed solutions: Use a predefined identifier type like Guid as the eggTypeID throughout all the services, but make EggTypeDefiner the only service that knows that this maps to a speciesCode and eggSizeCode (and potentially to an isOrganic flag in the future, or whatever). Use an EggTypeID value object which is a combination of speciesCode and eggSizeCode in every service. I've proposed the first solution because I'm hoping it better encapsulates the definition of what an egg type is in the EggTypeDefiner and will be more resilient to changes, say if some people now want to differentiate eggs by whether or not they are "organic". The second solution is being suggested by some people who understand DDD better than I do in the hopes that less enrichment and lookup will be necessary that way, with the justification that in DDD using a value object as an ID is fine. Also, they are saying that EggTypeDefiner is not a domain and EggType is not an entity and as such should not have a Guid for an ID. However, I'm not sure the second solution is viable. This "value object" is going to have to be serialized into JSON and URLs for GET requests and used with a variety of technologies (C#, JavaScript...) which breaks encapsulation and thus removes any behavior of the identifier value object (is either of the fields optional? etc.) Is this a case where we want to avoid something that would normally be fine in DDD because we are trying to do DDD in a distributed fashion? Summary Can it be a good idea to use a custom value object as an identifier in a distributed system (solution #2)?

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  • Allowing client to select data to return via REST interface

    - by CMP
    I have a rest service that is essentially a proxy to a variety of other services. So if I call GET /users/{id} It will get their user profile, as well as order history, and contact info, etc... all from various services, and aggregates them into one nice object. My problem is that each call to a different service has the potential to add time to the original request, so we would rather not get ALL the data ALL of the time if a particular client does not care about all of the pieces. A solution I have arrived at is to do something like this: GET /users/{id}?includeOrders=true&includeX=true&includeY=true... That works, and it allow me to do only what I need to, but it is cumbersome. We have added enough different data sources that there are too many parameters for that style to be useful. I could do something similar with a single integer and a bitmask or something, but that only makes it harder to read, and it does not feel very Restful. I could break it down into multiple calls so they would need to call /users/{id}/orders and /users/{id}/profile separately, but that sort of defeats the purpose of an aggregating proxy, who's purpose is to make clients jobs easier. Are there any good patterns that can help me return just enough data for each client, without making it too difficult for them to filter and select what they want?

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  • In choosing a service-oriented architecture framework that needs to work with .NET and with Java, what to look for?

    - by cm007
    I planning to write an application in which there will be a service (call it A) listening for particular commands. This service will then relay those commands to other services (call them B and C) which are written, respectively, in .NET and Java (service A chooses which of service B or C to which to relay depending on the contents of the request to service A). I am looking for a framework that will allow for interoperability with both .NET and with Java, for example WCF or JAX-WS, or writing a custom framework (e.g., JSON REST commands over HTTP, similar to http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/JsonWireProtocol). What questions/aspects should I consider in deciding?

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  • Classes / instances in Ontology

    - by SODA
    Hi, I'm trying to comprehend ontology basics. Here's an example: car (class) 2009 VW CC (sub-class or instance?) My neighbor's 2009 VW CC (instance) My issue is understanding what is "2009 VW CC" (as a car model). If you're making product model a sub-class in the ontology - all of a sudden your ontology becomes bloated with thousands of subclasses of a "car". That's redundant. At the same time we can't say "2009 VW CC" is an instance, at least it's not material instance of a class. Does it make sense to distinguish between regular instances and material (distinct physical objects)? At the other hand, if both are instances (of different nature so to say), then how can instance inherit properties / relations of a non-class?

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  • Django comparing model instances for equality

    - by orokusaki
    I understand that, with a singleton situation, you can perform such an operation as: spam == eggs and if spam and eggs are instances of the same class with all the same attribute values, it will return True. In a Django model, this is natural because two separate instances of a model won't ever be the same unless they have the same .pk value. The problem with this is that if a reference to an instance has attributes that have been updated by middleware somewhere along the way and it hasn't been saved, and you're trying to it to another variable holding a reference to an instance of the same model, it will return False of course because they have different values for some of the attributes. Obviously I don't need something like a singleton , but I'm wondering if there some official Djangonic (ha, a new word) method for checking this, or if I should simply check that the .pk value is the same with: spam.pk == eggs.pk I'm sorry if this was a huge waste of time, but it just seems like there might be a method for doing this, and something I'm missing that I'll regret down the road if I don't find it.

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  • Raphael Scope Drag n drop multiple paper instances

    - by donald
    I have two Raphael paper instances. In both I want to drag and drop an element (circle). It is important for me to assign both these circles the same id. I expected no problem, as both are in different paper instances and therefore in different scope. What happens is, that somehow both elements react, when I have clicked both elements at least once. If I however give these elements different IDs everything works fine (each element only calls its "start", "drag" and "up" function if draged around). Is this intended behaviour of Raphael and do I have to assign different IDs to the elements in the different paper instances? Hopefully not and you can point me to the right direction :-) Thanks a lot for your Help in advance, Here comes the code: <!doctype html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <title>DragNDrop</title> <script src="raphael-min.js"></script> </head> <body> <h1>Paper1</h1> <div id="divPaper1" style ="height: 150px; width: 300px; border:thin solid red"></div> <h1>Paper2</h1> <div id="divPaper2" style ="height: 150px; width: 300px; border:thin solid red"></div> <script> start1 = function () { console.log("start1"); } drag1 = function () { console.log("move1"); } up1 = function () { console.log("up1"); } start2 = function () { console.log("start2"); } drag2 = function () { console.log("move2"); } up2 = function () { console.log("up2"); } var paper1 = Raphael("divPaper1", "100%", "100%"); var circle1 = paper1.circle(40, 40, 30); circle1.attr("fill", "yellow"); circle1.id = "circle"; //both circles get the same id circle1.drag(drag1, start1, up1); paper2 = Raphael("divPaper2", "100%", "100%"); var circle2 = paper2.circle(40, 40, 30); circle2.attr("fill", "red"); circle2.id = "circle"; //both circles get the same id circle2.drag(drag2, start2, up2); </script> </body>

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  • Load two instances of the same DLL in Delphi

    - by Tom
    Here's my problem: I would like to create two separate instances of the same DLL. The following doesn't work because Handle1 and Handle2 will get the same address Handle1 := LoadLibrary('mydll.dll'); Handle2 := LoadLibrary('mydll.dll'); The following works, but I have to make a copy of the DLL and rename it to something else (which seems a bit silly) Handle1 := LoadLibrary('mydll.dll'); Handle2 := LoadLibrary('mydll2.dll'); Is there a way to have only one DLL file, but load several instances of it?

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