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  • Can I expand my /boot without upsetting the system?

    - by Kaustubh P
    This is the current state of my partition table. As can be seen, the boot is very small, and I cant upgrade the kernel, because the update-manager tells me there isnt enough space on /boot :( Which effectively means that I cant update my kernel. Can I change the size of my boot, without necessitating a reinstall of either of the installed system? Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda5 12G 4.9G 6.2G 45% / none 2.0G 284K 2.0G 1% /dev none 2.0G 8.5M 2.0G 1% /dev/shm none 2.0G 92K 2.0G 1% /var/run none 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /var/lock /dev/sda3 42G 21G 22G 49% /media/Erste /dev/sda2 5.1G 2.5G 2.7G 48% /media/Swap /dev/sda1 30G 25G 4.9G 84% /media/Windows7 /dev/sda9 47G 28G 20G 60% /media/Zweite /dev/sda6 11G 7.6G 2.0G 80% /home /dev/sda8 49M 31M 16M 66% /boot

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  • How large should I make root, home, usr, var, and tmp partitions?

    - by Teddy Okidoki
    i install ubuntu server 10.04, have 64 Gb VHD. And want to separate partitions in this mode: /dev/xvda0 p on swap (2 Gb) /dev/xvda1a0 e on /boot (128 Mb) /dev/xvda1a1 e on / type ffs (local) /dev/xvda1a2 e on /usr type ffs (local, nodev) /dev/xvda1a3 e on /tmp type ffs (local, nodev) /dev/xvda1a4 e on /var/log type ffs (local, nodev) /dev/xvda1a5 e on /var type ffs (local, nodev, nosuid) /dev/xvda1a6 e on /home type ffs (local, nodev, nosuid, with quotas) /dev/xvda2 p on /new (local, nodev, nosuid, noexec) with rest of space ~50Gb. But i'ma stuck, and don't know what size to give to each folder. Also i want to encrypt partitions. Thank you for any tips. EDIT: System need minimum size, here will be installed about 10 apps like ufw, apache,mysql, chkrootkit and so on.

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  • GetLongPathName Undeclared

    - by iwizardpro
    When I try to compile my code with the function GetLongPathName(), the compiler tells me that the function is undeclared. I have already read the MSDN documentation located @ http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa364980%28VS.85%29.aspx. But, even though I included those header files, I am still getting the undeclared function error. Which header file(s) am I supposed to include when using the function? #include <Windows.h> #include <WinBase.h> #define DLLEXPORT extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) DLLEXPORT char* file_get_long(char* path_original) { long length = 0; TCHAR* buffer = NULL; if(!path_original) { return "-10"; } length = GetLongPathName(path_original, NULL, 0); if(length == 0) { return "-10"; } buffer = new TCHAR[length]; length = GetLongPathName(path_original, buffer, length); if(length == 0) { return "-10"; } return buffer; } And, if it makes a difference, I am currently compiling using Dev-C++ on a Windows Vista 64-bit.

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  • CentOS OpenVZ fail to boot after kernel update

    - by SkechBoy
    After upgrading to latest OpenVZ kernel CentOS server won't boot. When i try go boot the latest kernel server is stuck at this point: (note that images are taken from virtual kvm) http://i.stack.imgur.com/4lusz.jpg Then i try to start the server on some old kernels and than i get this error message: kernel panic - not syncing - attempted to kill init better shown on this image: http://i.stack.imgur.com/2SReF.jpg Here is some useful information fdisk -l WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 2995.7 GB, 2995739688960 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364211 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0004c4e4 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 523 4199044+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda2 524 785 2104515 83 Linux /dev/sda3 786 261869 2097157230 83 Linux /dev/sda4 261870 364211 822062115 83 Linux /etc/fstab proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 none /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 /dev/sda1 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/sda2 /boot ext3 defaults 0 0 /dev/sda3 / ext3 defaults 0 0 /dev/sda4 /home ext3 defaults 0 0 and grub config file: title OpenVZ (2.6.18-274.18.1.el5.028stab098.1) root (hd0,1) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-274.18.1.el5.028stab098.1 ro root=/dev/sda3 vga=0x317 selinux=0 initrd /initrd-2.6.18-274.18.1.el5.028stab098.1.img title OpenVZ (2.6.18-274.7.1.el5.028stab095.1) root (hd0,1) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-274.7.1.el5.028stab095.1 ro root=/dev/sda3 vga=0x317 selinux=0 initrd /initrd-2.6.18-274.7.1.el5.028stab095.1.img title OpenVZ (2.6.18-194.8.1.el5.028stab070.4) root (hd0,1) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-194.8.1.el5.028stab070.4 ro root=/dev/sda3 vga=0x317 initrd /initrd-2.6.18-194.8.1.el5.028stab070.4.img Any help is greatly appreciated Thanks.

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  • Backup data from RAID 1 disk out of its server

    - by Doomsday
    I'm facing with a pretty easy problem in my opinion. I've extracted a working disk from a RAID1 and I'm looking to copy only data (FS and RAID configuration doesn't matter) into another location (another FS). My problem is I'm not able to mount properly this disk into another linux. I've first looked the partition table : # fdisk -l /dev/sdc Disk /dev/sdc: 640.1 GB, 640135028736 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 77825 cylinders, total 1250263728 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 63 1249535699 624767818+ fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sdc2 1249535700 1250017649 240975 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sdc3 1250017650 1250258624 120487+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris I've understood I should use dmraid tools. Once installed : # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : md0 : inactive sdc1[1](S) 624767744 blocks unused devices: <none> And some other informations : # mdadm --examine /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdc1: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 0.90.00 UUID : 8f292f54:7e5aef72:7e5ab5fd:b348fd05 Creation Time : Mon Jun 2 03:39:41 2008 Raid Level : raid1 Used Dev Size : 624767744 (595.82 GiB 639.76 GB) Array Size : 624767744 (595.82 GiB 639.76 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 0 Update Time : Tue Feb 7 22:34:59 2012 State : clean Active Devices : 2 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Checksum : a505b324 - correct Events : 15148 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State this 1 8 1 1 active sync /dev/sda1 0 0 8 17 0 active sync /dev/sdb1 1 1 8 1 1 active sync /dev/sda1 From here, I've tried to mount but I'm not comfortable with dmtools and how it's working. # mount /dev/sdc1 /mnt/sdc1 mount: unknown filesystem type 'linux_raid_member' # mount /dev/md0 /mnt/sdc1 mount: /dev/md0: can't read superblock I've seen some options to alter RAID array with mdadm but I only want to copy data on its filesystem before wiping them... Anyone has a clue ?

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  • Creating a partitioned raid1 array for booting a debian squeeze system

    - by gucki
    I'd like to have the following raid1 (mirror) setup: /dev/md0 consists of /dev/sda and /dev/sdb I created this raid1 device using mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --auto=yes --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda /dev/sdb This gave a warning about metadata being 1.2 and my system might not boot. I cannot use 0.9 because it restricts the size of the raid to 2TB and I assume grub shipped with latest debian (squeeze) should be able to handle metadata 1.2. So then I created the needed partitions like this: # creating new label (partition table) parted -s /dev/md0 mklabel 'msdos' # creating partitions sfdisk -uM /dev/md0 << EOF 0,4096 ,1024,S ; EOF # making root filesystem mkfs -t ext4 -L boot -m 0 /dev/md0p1 # making swap filesystem mkswap /dev/md0p2 # making data filesystem mkfs -t ext4 -L data /dev/md0p3 Then I mounted the root partition, copied a minimal debian install inside and temporary mounted /dev /proc /sys. Afer this I chrooted to the new root folder and executed: grub-install --no-floppy --recheck /dev/md0 However this fails badly with: /usr/sbin/grub-probe: error: unknown filesystem. Auto-detection of a filesystem of /dev/md0p1 failed. Please report this together with the output of "/usr/sbin/grub-probe --device-map=/boot/grub/device.map --target=fs -v /boot/grub" to I don't think it's a bug in grub (so I didn't report it yet) but a fault of mine. So I really wonder how to properly setup my raid1, everything I tried so far failed.

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  • Debian: Unable to mount a second drive as a subdirectory inside of another partition.

    - by jkndrkn
    Hello. I have the following /etc/fstab: # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/md1 / ext3 defaults,errors=remount-ro 0 1 /dev/md0 /boot ext3 defaults 0 2 /dev/md5 /home ext3 defaults 0 2 /dev/md3 /opt ext3 defaults 0 2 /dev/md6 /tmp ext3 defaults 0 2 /dev/md2 /usr ext3 defaults 0 2 /dev/md4 /var ext3 defaults 0 2 /dev/md7 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/sdc /home/httpd ext3 defaults 0 2 /dev/hda /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 /dev/sdc1 /mnt/usb/backup-1 auto defaults 0 0 I am unable to get /dev/sdc/ to mount at /home/httpd/ on reboot. The /home/httpd/ directory exists. Mounting via mount -t ext3 /dev/sdc /home/httpd works just fine. Mounting via mount -a generates the following error message: mount: you must specify the filesystem type This is, incidentally, the same message that I see while booting. The error message goes away if I comment out the line in fstab starting with /dev/sdc.

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  • Route outbound connections from local network through VPN

    - by Sharkos
    I have a server A running OpenVPN, an OpenVPN client B (a rooted Android phone as it happens) and a third party C (a laptop, tablet etc.) tethered to B. B can use the VPN to access the internet via A; C can use the tethered connection WITHOUT the VPN to access the internet via B. However, with the VPN on B active, I cannot load information from the internet on C. A appears to log similar traffic inbound and outbound when B or C attempt to load a webpage, say, but the VPN on device B reports no inbound traffic when the connection originated from C. Where should I look for packets being dropped, and what ip rules should I use to make sure they are passed back through the VPN and into the local network B <- C? (I'll obviously post whatever further information is needed.) Further info Without VPN: root@android:/ # ip route default via [B's External Gateway] dev rmnet0 [B's External Subnet] dev rmnet0 proto kernel scope link src [B's External IP] [B's External Gateway] dev rmnet0 scope link 192.168.43.0/24 dev wlan0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.43.1 With VPN: root@android:/ # ip route 0.0.0.0/1 dev tun0 scope link default via [B's External Gateway] dev rmnet0 [B's External Subnet] dev rmnet0 proto kernel scope link src [B's External IP] [B's External Gateway] dev rmnet0 scope link [External address of A] dev tun0 scope link 128.0.0.0/1 dev tun0 scope link 172.16.0.0/24 dev tun0 scope link 172.16.0.8/30 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 172.16.0.10 192.168.43.0/24 dev wlan0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.43.1 192.168.168.0/24 dev tun0 scope link

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  • Redirect input from one terminal to another

    - by Niki Yoshiuchi
    I have sshed into a linux box and I'm using dvtm and bash (although I have also tried this with Gnu screen and bash). I have two terminals, current /dev/pts/29 and /dev/pts/130. I want to redirect the input from one to the other. From what I understand, in /dev/pts/130 I can type: cat </dev/pts/29 And then when I type in /dev/pts/29 the characters I type should show up in /dev/pts/130. However what ends up happening is that every other character I type gets redirected. For example, if I type "hello" I get this: /dev/pts/29 | /dev/pts/130 $ | $ cat </dev/pts/29 $ el | hlo This is really frustrating as I need to do this in order to redirect the io of a process running in gdb (I've tried both run /dev/pts/# and set inferior-tty /dev/pts/# and both resulted in the aforementioned behavior). Am I doing something wrong, or is this a bug in bash/screen/dvtm?

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  • Redirect one input from one terminal to another

    - by Niki Yoshiuchi
    I have sshed into a linux box and I'm using dvtm and bash (although I have also tried this with Gnu screen and bash). I have two terminals, current /dev/pts/29 and /dev/pts/130. I want to redirect the input from one to the other. From what I understand, in /dev/pts/130 I can type: cat </dev/pts/29 And then when I type in /dev/pts/29 the characters I type should show up in /dev/pts/130. However what ends up happening is that every other character I type gets redirected. For example, if I type "hello" I get this: /dev/pts/29 | /dev/pts/130 $ | $ cat </dev/pts/29 $ el | hlo This is really frustrating as I need to do this in order to redirect the io of a process running in gdb (I've tried both run /dev/pts/# and set inferior-tty /dev/pts/# and both resulted in the aforementioned behavior). Am I doing something wrong, or is this a bug in bash/screen/dvtm?

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  • Disk space suddenly 100% used?

    - by dannymcc
    I'm trying to identify why, suddenly, 100% of our disk space is in use. I have already rebooted but the issue persists. Here are the outputs of some commands that are showing some strange (for me) results: danny@hydrogen:~$ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/cciss/c0d0p1 130G 122G 949M 100% / none 1.9G 196K 1.9G 1% /dev none 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm none 2.0G 40K 2.0G 1% /var/run none 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /var/lock none 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /lib/init/rw danny@hydrogen:/$ sudo du -chs / du: cannot access `/proc/1662/task/1662/fd/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access `/proc/1662/task/1662/fdinfo/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access `/proc/1662/fd/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access `/proc/1662/fdinfo/4': No such file or directory danny@hydrogen:/$ df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/cciss/c0d0p1 135342296 128144108 323104 100% / none 1991336 196 1991140 1% /dev none 1995788 0 1995788 0% /dev/shm none 1995788 40 1995748 1% /var/run none 1995788 0 1995788 0% /var/lock none 1995788 0 1995788 0% /lib/init/rw danny@hydrogen:/$ mount /dev/cciss/c0d0p1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) none on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755) none on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) none on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) none on /var/run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755) none on /var/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /lib/init/rw type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755) danny@hydrogen:/$ sudo du -h --max-depth=1 634M ./premvet_sync 5.6M ./etc 4.0K ./opt 16K ./lost+found 7.4M ./bin 623M ./lib 196K ./dev 0 ./sys 4.0K ./srv 4.0K ./cdrom 8.0K ./media 52K ./tmp ... it hangs for ages here..... The server is running Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS. System load: 2.85 Temperature: 8 C Usage of /: 94.7% of 129.07GB Processes: 132 Memory usage: 39% Users logged in: 0 Swap usage: 0% IP address for eth0: 192.168.1.124 => / is using 94.7% of 129.07GB I'm struggling to comprehend why this is happening! Any pointers would be appreciated.

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  • External USB Drive

    - by ErocM
    I have a server that I hooked up an external USB drive. It was formatted in windows and has files on it already. I'm new to Ubuntu so please be patient... I have two questions: Will Ubuntu see the drive since it was formatted in windows? How do I mount this drive or rather, how do I know it's seen by Ubuntu? Thanks! I did fdisk -l and this is what I have but I don't see it. It's a 1tb drive: Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0001eb47 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 499711 248832 83 Linux /dev/sda2 501758 625141759 312320001 5 Extended /dev/sda5 501760 625141759 312320000 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdc: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/sdb: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu-root: 316.6 GB, 316577677312 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38488 cylinders, total 618315776 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu-root doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu-swap_1: 3217 MB, 3217031168 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylinders, total 6283264 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 this is an external USB hard drive not a thumb drive :)

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  • How to mount an external HDD?

    - by Slash
    I have Ubuntu Linux 12.04 version the latest right now.I want to mount an external HDD NTFS 1TB.I have followed many guides but still no success.The error I'm getting is this: Failed to read last sector (1953523119): Invalid argument HINTS: Either the volume is a RAID/LDM but it wasn't setup yet, or it was not setup correctly (e.g. by not using mdadm --build ...), or a wrong device is tried to be mounted, or the partition table is corrupt (partition is smaller than NTFS), or the NTFS boot sector is corrupt (NTFS size is not valid). Failed to mount '/dev/sdb1': Invalid argument The device '/dev/sdb1' doesn't seem to have a valid NTFS. Maybe the wrong device is used? Or the whole disk instead of a partition (e.g. /dev/sda, not /dev/sda1)? Or the other way around? Using Storage Device MAnager i get this error:Error mounting: mount exited with exit code 1: helper failed with: mount: only root can mount /dev/sdb1 on /media/Skliros_Diskos {external disk name} When I use sudo fdisk -l, this is the output: Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000e0bc6 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 618854399 309426176 83 Linux /dev/sda2 618856446 625141759 3142657 5 Extended /dev/sda5 618856448 625141759 3142656 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000202043392 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121600 cylinders, total 1953519616 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0002093a Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 2048 1953525167 976761560 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT

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  • I can't install Ubuntu on my Dell Inspiron 15R at all

    - by Kieran Rimmer
    I'm attempting to install Ubuntu 12.04LTS, 64 bit onto a Dell Inspiron 15R laptop. I've shrunk down one of the windows partitions and even used gparted to format the vacant space as ext4. However, the install disk simply does not present any options when it comes to the partitioning step. What I get is a non-responsive blank table As well as the above, I've changed the BIOS settings so that USB emulation is disabled (as per Can't install on Dell Inspiron 15R), and changed the SATA Operation setting to all three possible options. Anyway, the install CD will bring up the trial version of ubuntu, and if I open terminal and type sudo fdisk -l, I get this: Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0xb4fd9215 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 63 80324 40131 de Dell Utility Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. /dev/sda2 * 81920 29044735 14481408 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda3 29044736 1005142015 488048640 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4 1005154920 1953520064 474182572+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 32.0 GB, 32017047552 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3892 cylinders, total 62533296 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xb4fd923d Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 2048 16775167 8386560 84 OS/2 hidden C: drive If I type 'sudo parted -l', I get: Model: ATA WDC WD10JPVT-75A (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 1000GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 32.3kB 41.1MB 41.1MB primary fat16 diag 2 41.9MB 14.9GB 14.8GB primary ntfs boot 3 14.9GB 515GB 500GB primary ntfs 4 515GB 1000GB 486GB primary ext4 Model: ATA SAMSUNG SSD PM83 (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 32.0GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 1049kB 8589MB 8588MB primary Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only. Error: Can't have a partition outside the disk! I've also tried a Kubuntu 12.04 and Linuxmint install disks, wityh the same problem. I'm completely lost here. Cheers, Kieran

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  • disk space worngly displayed after installing LVM disk

    - by Ubuntuser
    I installed ubuntu server using LVM partitioning on a 1 TB hard disk. However, after installation, i can only see 10 Gig space here is the fidsk output ` # fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00041507 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 10 71680 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 10 121602 976689152 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/dm-0: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/dm-1: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn't contain a valid partition table You have new mail in /var/mail/root and df -h output df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/system-root 9.9G 6.6G 2.8G 71% / devtmpfs 1.9G 232K 1.9G 1% /dev tmpfs 1.9G 4.0K 1.9G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 68M 22M 43M 34% /boot tmpfs 6.0G 0 6.0G 0% /var/spool/asterisk/monitor You have new mail in /var/mail/root ` any way to increase this space without reisntalling?

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  • Ubuntu installer does not show drives

    - by Tanweer Rashid
    I am trying to install Ubuntu 12.04 LTS on my Inspiron laptio, but the installer does not show any drives. My system has a 1TB SATA drive and a 32GB SSD. As far as I can figure, the boot files are kept on the SSD for fast startup (for Windows). During Win7 installation, I had to manually load drivers for RAID controller to see all available drives. Running fdisk -l from the live CD shows the following: ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x234b4782 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 63 80324 40131 de Dell Utility /dev/sda2 * 81920 41627647 20772864 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda3 41627648 357019647 157696000 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4 357019648 1953517567 798248960 f W95 Ext'd (LBA) /dev/sda5 672415744 1312966655 320275456 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda6 1312968704 1953517567 320274432 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT Disk /dev/sdb: 32.0 GB, 32017047552 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3892 cylinders, total 62533296 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x234b474b Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 2048 16775167 8386560 84 OS/2 hidden C: drive ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ In the Ubuntu installer, I can only choose /dev/sdb for "Device for boot loader installation", and sdb doesn't show any drives. I cannot select /dev/sda. Any ideas anyone? Thanks.

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  • Disk Space Full

    - by Loki
    Setting up Ubuntu 10.04 server, the / disk space shows full under df, however the du does not show any of the space used. This has several mounts to Gluster FS'. I have tried a forced FSCK and to no avail. ~# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/md0 141G 132G 0 100% / none 3.0G 224K 3.0G 1% /dev none 3.0G 0 3.0G 0% /dev/shm none 3.0G 76K 3.0G 1% /var/run none 3.0G 0 3.0G 0% /var/lock none 3.0G 0 3.0G 0% /lib/init/rw /dev/sdb1 9.0T 7.1T 1.9T 80% /brick1 /dev/sdb2 9.0T 7.9T 1.1T 88% /brick2 localhost:/sanvol09 385T 330T 56T 86% /mnt/sanvol09 <- Gluster FS uses local software to contact the DFS I've attempted a tune2fs and same issue arises # du -h --max-depth=1 --one-file-system / 4.0K /selinux 0 /proc 47M /boot 31M /mnt 8.0K /brick1 8.0K /brick2 391M /lib 4.0K /opt 7.4M /bin 0 /sys 379M /var 5.6M /etc 16K /lost+found 43M /root 4.0K /srv 5.7M /home 4.0K /media 7.0M /sbin 0 /dev 4.0K /tmp 4.0K /cdrom 631M /usr 1.6G / more info # df -ih Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on /dev/md0 9.0M 91K 8.9M 1% / none 746K 770 745K 1% /dev none 747K 1 747K 1% /dev/shm none 747K 32 747K 1% /var/run none 747K 1 747K 1% /var/lock none 747K 3 747K 1% /lib/init/rw /dev/sdb1 583M 1.8M 581M 1% /brick1 /dev/sdb2 583M 1.9M 581M 1% /brick2 localhost:/sanvol09 25G 76M 25G 1% /mnt/sanvol09 The final question: df show's 100% used, and its not, any other known fixes?

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  • Why does Ubuntu 13.10 not detect my Win7 partition?

    - by goutham
    I'm trying to install Ubuntu 13.10 alongside Windows 7 on my DELL INSPIRON 14z 5423 laptop and I'm new to all of this. I'm using the Ubuntu 13.10 64-bit ISO burned onto a CD. The first time I tried to install it, Ubuntu said it did not detect any other OS, which meant I only had 4 options: Erase disk and install Ubuntu (I don't want to do this) Encrypt new Ubuntu. Use LVM. Something else. If I choose the Something else option, it brings me to the partition menu and says that I have 1 disk with free space of (500Gb), but that's not true because I have Windows 7. I restarted the laptop several times and booted the CD again and I got exactly the same as I did previously. How do fix this problem and install Ubuntu alongside Windows 7? After executing "sudo fdisk -l" command in terminal ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk -l WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0xd2b811c5 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 206847 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 206848 314574847 157184000 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda3 314574848 629147647 157286400 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4 629147648 976771071 173811712 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT After removing one partition I executed command once again ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk -l WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0xd2b811c5 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 206847 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 206848 629145599 314469376 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda3 629147648 976771071 173811712 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT

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  • Why is LSHW Only listing one of my two HDDs?

    - by Mark
    I have a 120GB HDD and a 1TB HDD in the system. I installed Ubuntu Server using LVM on the 120GB. After installation I added the 1TB to the existing volume group and added 10GB to /home as a test. My understanding is that lshw is supposed to list hardware. What's the difference here? mark@server:~$ sudo lshw -short -c disk H/W path Device Class Description ========================================================= /0/100/1f.2/0 /dev/sda disk 120GB ST3120026AS /0/100/1f.2/1 /dev/cdrom disk DVD+-RW GH50N /0/1/0.0.0 /dev/sdc disk SCSI Disk /0/1/0.0.1 /dev/sdd disk SCSI Disk /0/1/0.0.2 /dev/sde disk SCSI Disk /0/1/0.0.3 /dev/sdf disk SCSI Disk The 1TB only shows up as a volume, not as a disk. mark@server:~$ sudo lshw -short .... /0/100/1f.2/0 /dev/sda disk 120GB ST3120026AS /0/100/1f.2/0/1 /dev/sda1 volume 476MiB Linux filesystem partition /0/100/1f.2/0/2 /dev/sda2 volume 111GiB Linux LVM Physical Volume partition /0/100/1f.2/1 /dev/cdrom disk DVD+-RW GH50N /0/100/1f.2/0.0.0 /dev/sdb volume 931GiB WDC WD1001FALS-0 Thanks, Mark

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  • noexec option enabled in fstab is not getting applicable for limited user. Is it a bug?

    - by user170918
    noexec option enabled in fstab is not getting applicable for limited user. Is it a bug? cat /etc/fstab # / was on /dev/sda2 during installation UUID=fd7e2645-3cc4-4c6c-8b1b-016711c2fd07 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # /boot was on /dev/sda1 during installation UUID=f3e58f86-8999-4678-a5ec-0a4b621c6e37 /boot ext4 defaults 0 2 # /home was on /dev/sda9 during installation UUID=bcbc1c4d-46a9-4b2a-bb0a-6fe1bdeaed22 /home ext4 defaults,nodev,nosuid 0 2 # /tmp was on /dev/sda5 during installation UUID=8538eecc-bd16-40fe-ad66-7d7b9287839e /tmp ext4 defaults,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 2 # /var was on /dev/sda6 during installation UUID=292696cf-fc15-40ab-9cd8-cee9bff7e165 /var ext4 defaults,nosuid,nodev 0 2 # /var/log was on /dev/sda7 during installation UUID=fab1f85b-ae09-4ce0-b169-c01205eb8f9c /var/log ext4 defaults,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 2 # /var/log/audit was on /dev/sda8 during installation UUID=602f5003-4ac0-49e9-99d3-b29378ce9430 /var/log/audit ext4 defaults,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 2 # swap was on /dev/sda3 during installation UUID=a538d35b-b2e9-47f2-b72d-5dbbcf0afca0 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/usblpsc auto noauto,user,rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 0 /dev/sdc1 /mnt/usblpsc auto noauto,user,rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 0 /dev/sdd1 /mnt/usblpsc auto noauto,user,rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 0 sudo users are not able to paste executable files in /bin into the file system which have the noexec option set. But limited users are able to paste the same files into the file system which have noexec option set. Why is it so?

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  • What are the default mount settings for mount / fstab?

    - by John Craick
    What are the default mounting options for a non root partition ? The man entry for mount says ... defaults - use default options: rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser, and async. ... so that might be what we expect to see. But, unless I'm missing something, that's not what happens. I have an ext3 partition labelled "NewHome20G" which is seen as /dev/sdc6 by the system. This we can see from ... root@john-pc1204:~# blkid | grep NewHome20G /dev/sdc6: LABEL="NewHome20G" UUID="d024bad5-906c-46c0-b7d4-812daf2c9628" TYPE="ext3" I have an entry in fstab as follows ... root@john-pc1204:~# cat /etc/fstab | grep NewHome LABEL=NewHome20G /media/NewHome20G ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev,exec,users 0 2 Note the option settings that are specified in that fstab line. Now I look at how the partition is actually mounted after boot up ... root@john-pc1204:~# mount -l | grep sdc6 /dev/sdc6 on /media/NewHome20G type ext3 (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) [NewHome20G] ... so, when the filesystem gets mounted the exec & users options I specified seem to have been ignored. Just to be sure, I unmount sdc6, remount it and look at the mount options again ... root@john-pc1204:~# umount /dev/sdc6 root@john-pc1204:~# mount /dev/sdc6 root@john-pc1204:~# mount -l | grep sdc6 /dev/sdc6 on /media/NewHome20G type ext3 (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) [NewHome20G] .... same result Now I unmount the partition again, remount it specifying the exec option and look at the result ... root@john-pc1204:~# umount /dev/sdc6 root@john-pc1204:~# mount /dev/sdc6 -o exec root@john-pc1204:~# mount -l | grep sdc6 /dev/sdc6 on /media/NewHome20G type ext3 (rw,nosuid,nodev) [NewHome20G] ... and here the exec option has finally taken effect and the noexec setting has vanished. Just for interest, I re-mount the partition with the defaults option root@john-pc1204:~# umount /dev/sdc6 root@john-pc1204:~# mount /dev/sdc6 -o defaults root@john-pc1204:~# mount -l | grep sdc6 /dev/sdc6 on /media/NewHome20G type ext3 (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) [NewHome20G] The noexec is back, so it looks very like rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev are the default options which is NOT what man says. Why does this matter ? I have a folder full of useful scripts stored on a data disk. Because that disk is mounted noexec those scripts won't run, even though they have all been set with chmod 777. I can work round this in several ways but it's disappointing that the man entry seems to be wrong. Have I missed something obvious here or have the default options in Ubuntu changed from what they were a few versions ago ?

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  • e2fsck / resize2fs problems

    - by BlakBat
    I've got 6 drives (each 1.5T, all same model and firmware revision) that are part of a RAID5 array. The RAID5 makes a LVM volume group and a logical group. The latter contains only one ext3 partition. I've recently ran: e2fsck -f /dev/vg03/lv01 && resize2fs -M /dev/vg03/lv01 which exited without an error. Now when I try to mount /dev/vg03/lv01 I get: EXT3-fs error (device dm-0): ext3_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 30533 not in group (block 1000532368)! EXT3-fs: group descriptors corrupted! How do I get out of this predicament? This is all the info I can currently give you: fdisk -l /dev/sd[cdefgh] shows (correctly) that they are "Linux raid autodetect" but fdisk now shows: fdisk -l /dev/md0 Disk /dev/md0: 7501.5 GB, 7501495664640 bytes ... Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/md0 doesn't contain a valid partition table (instead of a LVM type partition) fdisk -l /dev/vg03/lv01 Disk /dev/vg03/lv01: 7501.5 GB, 7501491732480 bytes ... Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/vg03/lv01 doesn't contain a valid partition table (instead of a ext3 type partition) I've tried: e2fsck -fy /dev/vg03/lv01 e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) e2fsck: Group descriptors look bad... trying backup blocks... Block bitmap for group 30533 is not in group. (block 1000532368) Relocate? yes Inode bitmap for group 30533 is not in group. (block 1000532369) Relocate? yes Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Relocating group 30533's block bitmap to 1000524246... Error allocating 1 contiguous block(s) in block group 30533 for inode bitmap: Could not allocate block in ext2 filesystem e2fsck: aborted Extra information I can give you: cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active (auto-read-only) raid5 sdg1[0] sdh1[5] sdf1[4] sde1[3] sdc1[2] sdd1[1] 7325679360 blocks level 5, 128k chunk, algorithm 2 [6/6] [UUUUUU] bitmap: 1/175 pages [4KB], 4096KB chunk unused devices: Lastly, all smartctl tests (short and extendend) showed no errors on any of the disks. Should I try to resize2fs to grow /dev/vg03/lv01 and redo a e2fsck ? Should I cfdisk /dev/md0 and /dev/vg03/lv01 back to their real types? Thanks in advance for all and any help. 2011-09-20 UPDATE I issued the following commands and was able to remount the partition, but by viewing the size (df) of before and after, it seems that 1Tb of data have gone missing. By checking the MD5SUMS (from an old backup) of some files with the "same" files from the remounted partition, some errors have been detected. Commands issued to remount the partition were: dumpe2fs /dev/vg03/lv01 Block count: 1000491435<br /> Block size: 4096<br /> tune2fs -O ^has_journal /dev/vg03/lv01 resize2fs -p /dev/vg03/lv01 dumpe2fs /dev/vg03/lv01 Block count: 1831418880<br /> Block size: 4096<br /> mount -o ro,noatime /dev/vg03/lv01 /mnt/raid OK... but files have been damaged / gone missing.

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  • Java dev learning Python: what concepts do I need to wrap my head around?

    - by LRE
    I've run through a few tutorials and written some small projects. I'm right in the middle of a small project now infact. All is going well enough thanks in no small part to Uncle Google (who usually points me to Stackoverflow ;-) Several times in the last few days I've found myself wondering "what am I missing?" - I feel that I'm still thinking in Java as I write in Python. This question over at StackOverflow is full of tips about what resources to read up on for learning Python, but I still feel that I'm a Java dev with a dictionary (pun unintended) to translate into Python. What I really want to do is refactor my head to be able to write Pythonic Python instead of Java disguised as Python (not that I want to loose my Java skills). So, the crux of my question is: what concepts does a Java dev really need to learn to think Pythonic? This includes anything that needs to be un-learnt. ps: I consider language syntax to not be particularly relevant to this question.

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  • Issues with LVM partition size in Server 13.04

    - by Michael
    I am new to ubuntu and a little confused about how hard drive partitions and LVM works. I remember setting up Ubuntu server 13.04 and telling to to use 1TB of a 3TB server. Well I have maxed that out with blu-ray rips and want the rest of the drive for space. On log-in it says: System load: 2.24 Processes: 179 Usage of /: 88.7% of 912.89GB Users logged in: 0 Memory usage: 6% IP address for p5p1: 192.168.0.100 Swap usage: 0% => / is using 88.7% of 912.89GB lvdisplay outputs: --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/DeathStar-vg/root LV Name root VG Name DeathStar-vg LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time DeathStar, 2013-05-18 22:21:11 -0400 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 2.70 TiB Current LE 707789 Segments 2 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 252:0 --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/DeathStar-vg/swap_1 LV Name swap_1 VG Name DeathStar-vg LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time DeathStar, 2013-05-18 22:21:11 -0400 LV Status available # open 2 LV Size 3.75 GiB Current LE 959 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 252:1 vgdisplay outputs: VG Name DeathStar-vg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 2.73 TiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 715335 Alloc PE / Size 708748 / 2.70 TiB Free PE / Size 6587 / 25.73 GiB df outputs: Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/DeathStar--vg-root 957238932 848972636 59634696 94% / none 4 0 4 0% /sys/fs/cgroup udev 1864716 4 1864712 1% /dev tmpfs 374968 1060 373908 1% /run none 5120 4 5116 1% /run/lock none 1874824 148 1874676 1% /run/shm none 102400 24 102376 1% /run/user /dev/sda2 234153 56477 165184 26% /boot And fdisk /dev/sda -l outputs: Disk /dev/sda: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders, total 5860533168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 4294967295 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. I just don't know what to make of all this and am not sure how I can make it use all 2.73TBs. Thanks in advance for any help. EDIT-- Yes I did make changes to the LVM Config, but it didnt do anything. As requested, output of parted -l /dev/sda Model: ATA WDC WD30EFRX-68A (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 3001GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 2097kB 1049kB bios_grub 2 2097kB 258MB 256MB ext2 3 258MB 3001GB 3000GB lvm Model: ATA WDC WD30EFRX-68A (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 3001GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags Model: Linux device-mapper (linear) (dm) Disk /dev/mapper/DeathStar--vg-swap_1: 4022MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: loop Number Start End Size File system Flags 1 0.00B 4022MB 4022MB linux-swap(v1) Model: Linux device-mapper (linear) (dm) Disk /dev/mapper/DeathStar--vg-root: 2969GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: loop Number Start End Size File system Flags 1 0.00B 2969GB 2969GB ext4

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  • Slalom Consulting San Francisco Custom Dev Challenge is live!

    - by PeterTweed
    The Slalom Consulting San Francisco Custom Dev Challenge is live at www.slalomchallenge.com!!!!! Slalom Consulting employs world-class technical consultants who take on ground breaking projects.  Please take the Slalom Custom Dev Challenge to see how you compare to the level of knowledge we look for in our technical consultants.  The online quiz is focussed on General .NET at this time and will be growing to include other technical topics in the future. This application is written in C#, Silverlight and WCF running deployed in the cloud on Windows Azure and working with SQL Azure and Blob Storage.

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