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  • Why doesn't CSS support constants?

    - by Adiel Mittmann
    CSS has never supported constants or variables directly. Whenever I'm writing code like this: span.class1 { color: #377fb6; } div.class2 { border: solid 1px #377fb6; /* Repeated color */ } I wonder why such a seemingly simple feature has never made it into the standard. What could be hard about implementing a scheme whereby we could avoid repetition, something like this: $theme_color1: #377fb6; span.class1 { color: $theme_color1; } div.class2 { border: solid 1px $theme_color1; } I know there are workarounds, like using a class for each color or generating CSS code from templates, but my question is: given that CSS is so rich and complex, why weren't CSS constants ever introduced?

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  • CSS Clearing Floats

    - by Frank
    I'm making more of an effort to separate my html structure from presentation, but sometimes when I look at the complexity of the hacks or workarounds to make things work cross-browser, I'm amazed at huge collective waste of productive hours that are put into this. As I understand it, floats were never created for creating layouts, but because many layouts need a footer, that's how they're often being used. To clear the floats, you can add an empty div that clears both sides (div class="clear"). That is simple and works cross browser, but it adds "non-semantic" html rather than solving the presentation problem within the CSS. I realize this, but after looking at all of the solutions with their benefits and drawbacks, it seems to make more sense to go with the empty div (predictable behavior across browsers), rather than create separate stylesheets, including various css hacks and workarounds, etc. which would also need to change as CSS evolves. Is it o.k. to do this as long as you do understand what you're doing and why you're doing it? Or is it better to find the CSS workarounds, hacks and separate structure from presentation at all costs, even when the CSS presentation tools provided are not evolved to the point where they can handle such basic layout issues?

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  • Minifying CSS, JS, and HTML - together

    - by Radu
    Minifying JS and CSS is quite common. The benefits of minifying JS are much greater that those seen with CSS because with CSS you can't rename elements - and same goes for HTML. But what if all 3 were minified together so that the benefits of using shorter names can be brought to CSS and HTML? That is, instead of minifying without any regard to the relationships between the 3, these could be preserved and made simpler. I imagine that the implementation could be quite difficult but if it were possible, do you think it would provide a significant advantage over traditional minification?

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  • online CSS optimizer?

    - by Dand
    Is there an online CSS optimizer equivalent to Googles JavaScript Closure Optimizer. I've found plenty of CSS compressors online, but I'm looking for a CSS optimizer ... where it actually removes redundant/conflicting attributes

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  • vertical divider css

    - by 422
    I am creating a vertical divider, that works fine. But the css is cumbersome. The css is: .headerDivider1 { border-left:1px solid #38546d;height:80px;position:absolute;right:250px;top:10px; } .headerDivider2 { border-left:1px solid #16222c;height:80px;position:absolute;right:249px;top:10px; } The html is: <div class="headerDivider1"></div><div class="headerDivider2"></div> The result is: How could I tidy the html and css up please ?

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  • Javascript/jQuery get external CSS value

    - by Acorn
    Is it possible to get a value from the external CSS of a page if the element that the style refers to has not been generated yet? (the element is to be generated dynamically). The jQuery method I've seen is $('element').css('property','value');, but this relies on element being on the page. Is there a way of finding out what the property is set to within the CSS rather than the computed style of an element?

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  • Is CSS sprint menu not good for accessibility?

    - by metal-gear-solid
    I made a css menu with css sprites but the problem is with sprite we don't use inline image we use in background only so if images are disabled in browser then nothing will show . any solution for this ? For example : See this menu and turn off images : http://line25.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/css-menu/demo/demo.html

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  • CSS not displayed depending on page

    - by Kanjiroushi
    I have a friend that has a really strange issue with my website. When he clicks on http://www.copeo.fr/ the page displays fine but when he clicks on a link like www.copeo.fr/user/ the CSS is not applied even after a refresh. The raw html does display. I asked him to display the CSS that is hosted on amazon S3 hcopeoressources.s3.amazonaws.com/style/futurvert/style.css and it displays fine. The code validates on W3C validator so does the CSS. I am lost what could be the origin of the issue. Could it be its enterprise cache? configuration of IE7 on his machine? If it happens to someone else who could explain the issue to me, I am all hears. Thanks

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  • CSS - Why is this invisible margin being applied to my <a> tag css-button?

    - by Kenny Bones
    I was having trouble with two types of buttons. It was a form button and a css button basically. And I was advised that the css button whould use display:inline-block; This made the whole a href tag actually look like a button. But this invisible margin seems to be screwing up something. I tried separating them into separate css classes, but oddly, applying a real margin to the css button gives an additional margin as well. What's causing this? You can easily see it here (low graphics): www.matkalenderen.no Basically, code looks like this: <input type="submit" value="Logg inn" class="button_blue" alt="ready to login"> <a class="button_css_red" href="access.php">Glemt passord</a> CSS .button_red, .button_blue, .button_css_red, .button_css_blue { background-image:url("../img/sprite_buttons.png"); background-repeat:no-repeat; border: none; color:#FFFFFF; display:inline-block; display:inline-block; font-size:12px; height:27px; width:98px; } .button_css_red, .button_css_blue { margin-top:20px; }

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  • Using indentation to make CSS more readable? (making parents and children more identifiable in CSS)

    - by janoChen
    I've been always guiding myself with the following CSS structure: #nav { } #nav li { } #nac li a { } This structure tells me clearly who is the parent and the child. But in a recent article (I think it was CSS Trick) someone said that CSS is read from right to left. So the more tags I had the slower it will be (and sometimes I think its unnecessary to write every single tag involve in the selector). So it may be something like this: #nav { } #special-link { } where #special-link is #nav's child. I know this is not a big problem in a simple stylesheet but in a big one I always would get confused about who is who's parent and child. Another solution would be: #nav { } #special-link { } Indentation How do you solve with this CSS dilemma?

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  • Textmate newbie question: how to indent CSS

    - by AP257
    New to TextMate and can't find the answer in the documentation. I've saved an empty file as CSS and the 'active bundle' is showing as CSS, at the bottom of the screen. I've then pasted in a bunch of CSS from elsewhere (a minified page). However, it's all pasted in as a single line. How can I indent it to look like 'proper' CSS, using TextMate? Text + Indent just indents the whole line by a single tab. thanks!

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  • CSS Sprites : Mysterious Concept Explored ?

    - by Rachel
    I have 3 different images and now I want to create an sprite using css so that I am reducing HTTP Request. I am totally new to this concept and have not idea as to how to approach this. Can anyone suggest me what would be best bet for me ? Also I have seen there are some CSS Sprite generator engines where in you submit .zip folder containing your images and than they would combine it. I tried doing that but did not understood of what was happening and so any guidance regarding creating and using CSS sprites would be highly appreciated. Update: I have gone through the AList Part but it was not very clear to me. Can anyone explain the use case of CSS Sprites using an example ? Thanks.

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  • CSS optimization - extra classes in dom or preprocessor-repetitive styling in css file?

    - by anna.mi
    I'm starting on a fairly large project and I'm considering the option of using LESS for pre-processing my css. the useful thing about LESS is that you can define a mixin that contains for example: .border-radius(@radius) { -webkit-border-radius: @radius; -moz-border-radius: @radius; -o-border-radius: @radius; -ms-border-radius: @radius; border-radius: @radius; } and then use it in a class declaration as .rounded-div { .border-radius(10px); } to get the outputted css as: .rounded-div { -webkit-border-radius: 10px; -moz-border-radius: 10px; -o-border-radius: 10px; -ms-border-radius: 10px; border-radius: 10px; } this is extremely useful in the case of browser prefixes. However this same concept could be used to encapsulate commonly-used css, for example: .column-container { overflow: hidden; display: block; width: 100%; } .column(@width) { float: left; width: @width; } and then use this mixin whenever i need columns in my design: .my-column-outer { .column-container(); background: red; } .my-column-inner { .column(50%); font-color: yellow; } (of course, using the preprocessor we could easily expand this to be much more useful, eg. pass the number of columns and the container width as variables and have LESS determine the width of each column depending on the number of columns and container width!) the problem with this is that when compliled, my final css file would have 100 such declarations, copy&pasted, making the file huge and bloated and repetitive. The alternative to this would be to use a grid system which has predefined classes for each column-layout option, eg .c-50 ( with a "float: left; width:50%;" definition ), .c-33, .c-25 to accomodate for a 2-column, 3-column and 4-column layout and then use these classes to my dom. i really mislike the idea of the extra classes, from experience it results to bloated dom (creating extra divs just to attach the grid classes to). Also the most basic tutorial for html/css would tell you that the dom should be separated from the styling - grid classes are styling related! to me, its the same as attaching a "border-radius-10" class to the .rounded-div example above! on the other hand, the large css file that would result from the repetitive code is also a disadvantage so i guess my question is, which one would you recommend? and which do you use? and, which solution is best for optimization? apart from the larger file size, has there even been any research on whether browser renders multiple classes faster than a large css file, or the other way round? tnx! i'd love to hear your opinion!

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  • VS2010 and CSS: What is the best way to position a single form control

    - by George
    OK, I have a ton of controls on my page that I need to individually place. I need to set a margin here, a padding there, etc. None of these particular styles that I want to apply will be applied to more than control. What is the bets practice for determining at which level the style is placed, etc? OK, my choices are 1) External CSS file 1A) Using ClientIdMode = Auto (the default) I could assign a unique CssClass value to the ASP.NET control and, in the external CSS file, create a class selector that would only be applied to that one control. 1B) User Client ID = Predicatable In the external CSS file, I could determine what the ID will be for the controls of interest and create an ID selector (#ControlID{Style} ). However, I fear maintenance issues due to including/removing parent containers that would cause the ID to change. 1C) User Client ID = Static. I could choose static IDs for the controls such that I minimize the likelihood of a clash with auto generated IDs (perhaps by prefixing the ID with "StaticID_" and use an external stylesheet with ID selectors. 2) I could place the style right on the control. The only disadvantage here, as I see it, is that style info is brought down each time instead of being cached , which is what I'd get using an external CSS. If a style isn't resused, I personally don't see much benefit to placing it in an external file, though please explain why if you disagree. Is there moire of a reason that "It's nice to have all the CSS in one place?"

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  • CSS grammar not work under IE

    - by Eric
    The CSS Grammer as following works well under firefox but doesn't work under IE browser,Why and how to let the css only be affect on the elemnts directly under the parent element? CSS: div{font:18px} .boxdivdiv{font:12px;} -------------------------- -- HTML: level1 level2 level3 level3 level2 level3 level3

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  • What happened to the CSS Checker tool?

    - by Kyle Sevenoaks
    I used it before, and was reminded of it when someone asked about a tool to strip unsused CSS from a stylsheet. I went back to the link, but it's gone, what happened to it? Is it gone forever or does anyone know of a backup? Or a similar tool that can still check your CSS against the HTML and strip orphan CSS. Thanks. Link (to broken site for reference).

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  • Issue with loading background image using CSS

    - by Geethanga Amarasinghe
    Im using following CSS to set a background-image for my menu #menuContainer { background:url('../images/main-bg.png') repeat-x; } My CSS is inside ~/styles/site.css and my image is inside ~/images/main-bg.png The problem is this works perfectly in Chrome but it's not working in Firefox. But if change the URL to #menuContainer { background:url('images/main-bg.png') repeat-x; } It starts working in Firefox and in Chrome it doesn't work. Can anyone please help?

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  • CSS Compressor with @include support

    - by Michael
    Is there any CSS compressor that supports the @include directive? I have a bunch of css files that have one main file and are linked via those @include directives. Now that I want to compress the CSS files I'm looking for a compression tool that supports that. I cannot change the original files not to use includes because those are centrally developed ones.

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  • beginner's question about CSS

    - by Nitesh Panchal
    Hello, I am creating a website and i want to allow personalization to individual users upto some extent like changing font family, background color etc. The problem with this is that, my default css file that i load has already default classes for everything. Now when i fetch the background color from my database, then if there is null value for background color then default css class of mystylesheet.css should be loaded and if the value is not null, then i want to override this with my default css. How is it possible? Thanks in advance :)

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  • A Look Back at 2010 Predictions

    - by David Dorf
    Now is the time of year people make their predictions for next year, but before I start thinking about 2011 it's worth a look back to see how my predictions for 2010 fared. 1. Borders and Blockbuster bite the dust. I would have never predicted a strong brand such as Circuit City could die, but now I know it can happen to anyone. Borders has lost the battle with Barnes & Noble and Blockbuster has lost to Netflix. And just to be sure, Amazon put an extra nail in each coffin. Borders received additional investment from Bennett LeBow to keep it afloat, but the stock is down around $1.25 with no profits in sight. Blockbuster filed for bankruptcy back in September. 2. Every retailer finally has a page on Facebook... but very few figure out how to keep fans engaged. Retailer postings become noise, and fans start to unsubscribe. Twitter goes in the same direction. A few standout retailers will figure out how to use social media, and the rest will remain dumbfounded. Most retailers are on the Facebook bandwagon, and their fan bases seem to be increasing thanks to promotions like The Gap's logo redesign, Lowes' black Friday sneak peak, and Walmart's Crowd Savers. There are several examples of f-commerce advancements, including some interesting integrations from Amazon.3. Smartphones consolidate and grow. More and more people will step-up to smartphones, most of which will choose iPhone, Blackberry, and Android phones. Other smartphones will vanish, and networks will start to strain. But retailers will finally embrace mobile as the next big channel. Retail marketing departments will build mobile apps without the help of their IT department, and eventually they will get into a bind. Android has been on a tear lately stealing market share from Blackberry. Palm and Microsoft are trending down, and Apple is holding steady. Smartphone sales are up 15% and expected to continue. Retailers understand the importance of mobile, and some innovative applications have been produced this year. 4. Google helps the little guys. Google will push its Favorite Places project to help give exposure to small retailers and restaurants. They will enable small retailers to act like big ones by providing storefronts, detailed product information, and coupons for consumers. Google will find a way to bring augmented reality to the masses. I can't say I've seen much new from Google regarding Favorite Places, but they've continued to push local product search. From the PC or smartphone, consumers can search for products and see which nearby stores have it stock. Oracle Retail even productized an integration to Google to support this effort. I suppose if Google ever buys Groupon then it will bring them even closer to local shopping. Google talked about augmented humanity, but that has nothing to do with augmented reality. 5. Steve Jobs Is Bugs Bunny and Steve Ballmer is Elmer Fudd. (OK, I stole that headline from an InformationWeek article. I couldn't resist.) Both Apple and Microsoft will continue to open new stores, but only Apple will show real growth. POSReady 2009 (formerly WEPOS) will continue to share the POS market with Linux. The iPhone and iPod will continue to capture market share, but there won't be an Apple tablet. There won't be an Apple tablet? What was I thinking? While Apple has well over 300 stores, there are less than 10 Microsoft stores. Initial impressions show that even though Microsoft is locating its store near Apple Stores, they are not converting customers, with shoppers citing a lack of assortment and high prices. 6. Consolidation of e-commerce software providers. Software vendors in the areas of search, reviews, online call-centers, payments, and e-commerce will consolidate, partly driven by the success of m-commerce and SaaS. Amazon will find someone else to buy, and eBay will continue to lose momentum. Consolidation of e-commerce providers continued with IBM acquiring Sterling Commerce and CoreMetrics, and Oracle recently announcing the acquisition of ATG. Amazon grabbed Zappos, Woot, and Diapers.com to continue its dominance of online selling. While eBay's Marketplace growth may have slowed, its PayPal division is doing quite well, fueled in part by demand for mobile payments. 7. Book publishers mirror music labels. Just as the iPod brought digital downloads to the masses, the Kindle and Nook will power the e-book revolution. Books will continue to use DRM for a few more years before following the path of music. Publishers will try to preserve the margins of hardbacks by associating e-book releases with paperbacks. Amazon has done a good job providing e-reader clients for smartphones, PCs, and tablets. Competition from Barnes & Noble has forced Amazon to support book loaning, and both companies are making it easier for people to publish ebooks (with or without DRM). Progress is slow but steady. 8. NFC makes inroads, RFID treads water. Near Field Communications start to appear in mobile phones, and retailers beta test its use for payments and loyalty programs. RFID tag costs come down a bit, but not enough to spur accelerated adoption.Nokia announced plans to offer NFC-enabled phones in 2011, and rumors are swirling about NFC in the upcoming iPhone.  I think NFC is heading in the right direction, and I've heard more interest from retailers about specialized uses for RFID.9. Digital Signage goes the way of augmented reality. People use their camera phones to leave geo-tagged notes all over cities, rating stores and restaurants, and "painting" graffiti. But people get tired of holding their phones in front of their faces, so AR glasses are offered in much the same way bluetooth headsets emerged. Retailers experiement with in-store advertising using AR. Several retailers like Pizza Hut, Benetton, and Target have experimented with AR but its still somewhat of a gimmick used by marketing.  I think this prediction is a year or two too early. 10. JDA flip-flops again. After announcing their embracing of the .Net architecture, then switching to J2EE after the Manugistics acquisition, JDA will finally decide to standardize on Apple's Objective C. Everything will be ported to the iPhone and be available on the AppStore. After all, there's not much left to try. This was, of course, a joke but the sentiment is still valid.  JDA seems more supply-chain focused than retail focused, which is a an outcrop if their i2 acquisition.  Of the 10 predictions, I'm going to say I got 6 somewhat correct.  (Don't you just love grading your own paper?)  Soon I'll post my predictions for 2011 so be on the lookout.  Until then here's one more prediction:  Va Tech beats Stanford in the Orange Bowl -- count on it!

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