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  • Redirect all access requests to a domain and subdomain(s) except from specific IP address? [closed]

    - by Christopher
    This is a self-answered question... After much wrangling I found the magic combination of mod_rewrite rules so I'm posting here. My scenario is that I have two domains - domain1.com and domain2.com - both of which are currently serving identical content (by way of a global 301 redirect from domain1 to domain2). Domain1 was then chosen to be repurposed to be a 'portal' domain - with a corporate CMS-based site leading off from the front page, and the existing 'retail' domain (domain2) left to serve the main web site. In addition, a staging subdomain was created on domain1 in order to prepare the new corporate site without impinging on the root domain's existing operation. I contemplated just rewriting all requests to domain2 and setting up the new corporate site 'behind the scenes' without using a staging domain, but I usually use subdomains when setting up new sites. Finally, I required access to the 'actual' contents of the domains and subdomains - i.e., to not be redirected like all other visitors - in order that I can develop the new site and test it in the staging environment on the live server, as I'm not using a separate development webserver in this case. I also have another test subdomain on domain1 which needed to be preserved. The way I eventually set it up was as follows: (10.2.2.1 would be my home WAN IP) .htaccess in root of domain1 RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REMOTE_ADDR} !^10\.2\.2\.1 RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^staging.domain1.com$ [NC] RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^staging2.domain1.com$ [NC] RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://domain2.com/$1 [R=301] .htaccess in staging subdomain on domain1: RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REMOTE_ADDR} !^10\.2\.2\.1 RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^staging.revolver.coop$ [NC] RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://domain2.com/$1 [R=301,L] The multiple .htaccess files and multiple rulesets require more processing overhead and longer iteration as the visitor is potentially redirected twice, however I find it to be a more granular method of control as I can selectively allow more than one IP address access to individual staging subdomain(s) without automatically granting them access to everything else. It also keeps the rulesets fairly simple and easy to read. (or re-interpret, because I'm always forgetting how I put rules together!) If anybody can suggest a more efficient way of merging all these rules and conditions into just one main ruleset in the root of domain1, please post! I'm always keen to learn, this post is more my attempt to preserve this information for those who are looking to redirect entire domains for all visitors except themselves (for design/testing purposes) and not just denying specific file access for maintenance mode (there are many good examples of simple mod_rewrite rules for 'maintenance mode' style operation easily findable via Google). You can also extend the IP address detection - firstly by using wildcards ^10\.2\.2\..*: the last octet's \..* denotes the usual "." and then "zero or more arbitrary characters", signified by the .* - so you can specify specific ranges of IPs in a subnet or entire subnets if you wish. You can also use square brackets: ^10\.2\.[1-255]\.[120-140]; ^10\.2\.[1-9]?[0-9]\.; ^10\.2\.1[0-1][0-9]\. etc. The third way, if you wish to specify multiple discrete IP addresses, is to bracket them in the style of ^(1.1.1.1|2.2.2.2|3.3.3.3)$, and you can of course use square brackets to substitute octets or single digits again. NB: if you're using individual RewriteCond lines to specify multiple IPs / ranges, make sure to put [OR] at the end of each one otherwise mod_rewrite will interpret as "if IP address matches 1.1.1.1 AND if IP address matches 2.2.2.2... which is of course impossible! However as far as I'm aware this isn't necessary if you're using the ! negator to specify "and is not...". Kudos also to SE: this older question also came in useful when I was verifying my own knowledge prior to my futzing around with code. This page was helpful, as were the various other links posted below (can't hyperlink them all due to spam protection... other regex checkers are available). The AddedBytes cheat sheet's useful to pin up on your wall. Other referenced URLs: internetofficer.com/seo-tool/regex-tester/ fantomaster.com/faarticles/rewritingurls.txt internetofficer.com/seo-tool/regex-tester/ addedbytes.com/cheat-sheets/mod_rewrite-cheat-sheet/

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  • How to Install Oracle Software on Remote Linux Server

    - by James Taylor
    It is becoming more common these days to install Oracle software on remote Linux servers. This issue has always existed but was generally resolved either by silent installs or by someone physically going to the server to install the software. This is becoming more difficult with the popular virtualisation and cloud deployment strategies. This post provides the steps involved to install Oracle Software using the GUI interface on a remote Linux server. There are many ways to achieve this, the way I resolve this issue is via Virtual Network Computing (VNC) as it is shipped with RedHat and OEL out of the box. For this post I’m using OEL 5 deployed on a OVM guest. If not already done so download and install a client version of VNC so you can connect to the server. There are many out there, for the purpose of this post I use UltraVNC. You can download a free version from http://www.uvnc.com/download/index.html By default VNC Server is installed in your RedHat and OEL OS, but it is not configured. The way VNC works is when started it creates a client instance for the user and binds it to a specific port. So if have an account on the Linux box you can setup a VNC Server session for that user, you don’t need to be root. For the purpose of this document I’m going to use oracle as the user to setup a VNC Session as this is the user I want use to install the software. However to start the VNC Service you must be root. As the root user run the following command: service vncserver start Starting VNC server: no displays configured                [  OK  ] Login to the Linux box as the user  you wan to install the Oracle software [oracle@lisa ~]$ Run the command to create a new VNC server instance for the oracle user: vncserver You will be ask to supply password information. This is what you will enter when connecting from your desktop client. This password is also independent of the actual Linux user password. The VNC Server is acting as a proxy to this instance. You will require a password to access your desktops. Password: Verify: xauth:  creating new authority file /home/oracle/.Xauthority New 'lisa.nz.oracle.com:1 (oracle)' desktop is lisa.nz.oracle.com:1 Creating default startup script /home/oracle/.vnc/xstartup Starting applications specified in /home/oracle/.vnc/xstartup Log file is /home/oracle/.vnc/lisa.nz.oracle.com:1.log As you can see a new instance lisa.nz.oracle.com:1 has been created. If you were to run the vncserver command again another instance lisa.nz.oracle.com:2 will be created. If you are going through a firewall you will need to ensure that the port 5901 (port 1) is open between your client desktop and the Linux Server. Depending on the options chosen at install time a firewall could be in place. The simplest way to disable this is using the command. You will need to be root. service iptables stop This will stop the firewall while you install. If you just want to add a port to the accepted lists use the firewall UI. You will need to be root. system-config-security-level Now you are ready to connect to the server via the VNC. Using the software installed in step one start the VNC Client. You should be prompted for the server and port. If connectivity is established, you will be prompted for the password entered in step 5. You should now be presented with a terminal screen ready to install software Go to the location of the oracle install software and start the Oracle Universal Installer

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  • MySQL Cluster 7.3: On-Demand Webinar and Q&A Available

    - by Mat Keep
    The on-demand webinar for the MySQL Cluster 7.3 Development Release is now available. You can learn more about the design, implementation and getting started with all of the new MySQL Cluster 7.3 features from the comfort and convenience of your own device, including: - Foreign Key constraints in MySQL Cluster - Node.js NoSQL API  - Auto-installation of higher performance distributed, clusters We received some great questions over the course of the webinar, and I wanted to share those for the benefit of a broader audience. Q. What Foreign Key actions are supported: A. The core referential actions defined in the SQL:2003 standard are implemented: CASCADE RESTRICT NO ACTION SET NULL Q. Where are Foreign Keys implemented, ie data nodes or SQL nodes? A. They are implemented in the data nodes, therefore can be enforced for both the SQL and NoSQL APIs Q. Are they compatible with the InnoDB Foreign Key implementation? A. Yes, with the following exceptions: - InnoDB doesn’t support “No Action” constraints, MySQL Cluster does - You can choose to suspend FK constraint enforcement with InnoDB using the FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS parameter; at the moment, MySQL Cluster ignores that parameter. - You cannot set up FKs between 2 tables where one is stored using MySQL Cluster and the other InnoDB. - You cannot change primary keys through the NDB API which means that the MySQL Server actually has to simulate such operations by deleting and re-adding the row. If the PK in the parent table has a FK constraint on it then this causes non-ideal behaviour. With Restrict or No Action constraints, the change will result in an error. With Cascaded constraints, you’d want the rows in the child table to be updated with the new FK value but, the implicit delete of the row from the parent table would remove the associated rows from the child table and the subsequent implicit insert into the parent wouldn’t reinstate the child rows. For this reason, an attempt to add an ON UPDATE CASCADE where the parent column is a primary key will be rejected. Q. Does adding or dropping Foreign Keys cause downtime due to a schema change? A. Nope, this is an online operation. MySQL Cluster supports a number of on-line schema changes, ie adding and dropping indexes, adding columns, etc. Q. Where can I see an example of node.js with MySQL Cluster? A. Check out the tutorial and download the code from GitHub Q. Can I use the auto-installer to support remote deployments? How about setting up MySQL Cluster 7.2? A. Yes to both! Q. Can I get a demo Check out the tutorial. You can download the code from http://labs.mysql.com/ Go to Select Build drop-down box Q. What is be minimum internet speen required for Geo distributed cluster with synchronous replication? A. if you're splitting you cluster between sites then we recommend a network latency of 20ms or less. Alternatively, use MySQL asynchronous replication where the latency of your WAN doesn't impact the latency of your reads/writes. Q. Where you can one learn more about the PayPal project with MySQL Cluster? A. Take a look at the following - you'll find press coverage, a video and slides from their keynote presentation  So, if you want to learn more, listen to the new MySQL Cluster 7.3 on-demand webinar  MySQL Cluster 7.3 is still in the development phase, so it would be great to get your feedback on these new features, and things you want to see!

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  • Crime Scene Investigation: SQL Server

    - by Rodney Landrum
    “The packages are running slower in Prod than they are in Dev” My week began with this simple declaration from one of our lead BI developers, quickly followed by an emailed spreadsheet demonstrating that, over 5 executions, an extensive ETL process was running average 630 seconds faster on Dev than on Prod. The situation needed some scientific investigation to determine why the same code, the same data, the same schema would yield consistently slower results on a more powerful server. Prod had yet to be officially christened with a “Go Live” date so I had the time, and having recently been binge watching CSI: New York, I also had the inclination. An inspection of the two systems, Prod and Dev, revealed the first surprise: although Prod was indeed a “bigger” system, with double the amount of RAM of Dev, the latter actually had twice as many processor cores. On neither system did I see much sign of resources being heavily taxed, while the ETL process was running. Without any real supporting evidence, I jumped to a conclusion that my years of performance tuning should have helped me avoid, and that was that the hardware differences explained the better performance on Dev. We spent time setting up a Test system, similarly scoped to Prod except with 4 times the cores, and ported everything across. The results of our careful benchmarks left us truly bemused; the ETL process on the new server was slower than on both other systems. We burned more time tweaking server configurations, monitoring IO and network latency, several times believing we’d uncovered the smoking gun, until the results of subsequent test runs pitched us back into confusion. Finally, I decided, enough was enough. Hadn’t I learned very early in my DBA career that almost all bottlenecks were caused by code and database design, not hardware? It was time to get back to basics. With over 100 SSIS packages and hundreds of queries, each handling specific tasks such as file loads, bulk inserts, transforms, logging, and so on, the task seemed formidable. And yet, after barely an hour spent with Profiler, Extended Events, and wait statistics DMVs, I had a lead in the shape of a query that joined three tables, containing millions of rows, returned 3279 results, but performed 239K logical reads. As soon as I looked at the execution plans for the query in Dev and Test I saw the culprit, an implicit conversion warning on a join predicate field that was numeric in one table and a varchar(50) in another! I turned this information over to the BI developers who quickly resolved the data type mismatches and found and fixed “several” others as well. After the schema changes the same query with the same databases ran in under 1 second on all systems and reduced the logical reads down to fewer than 300. The analysis also revealed that on Dev, the ETL task was pulling data across a LAN, whereas Prod and Test were connected across slower WAN, in large part explaining why the same process ran slower on the latter two systems. Loading the data locally on Prod delivered a further 20% gain in performance. As we progress through our DBA careers we learn valuable lessons. Sometimes, with a project deadline looming and pressure mounting, we choose to forget them. I was close to giving into the temptation to throw more hardware at the problem. I’m pleased at least that I resisted, though I still kick myself for not looking at the code on day one. It can seem a daunting prospect to return to the fundamentals of the code so close to roll out, but with the right tools, and surprisingly little time, you can collect the evidence that reveals the true problem. It is a lesson I trust I will remember for my next 20 years as a DBA, if I’m ever again tempted to bypass the evidence.

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  • XNA Multiplayer Games and Networking

    - by JoshReuben
    ·        XNA communication must by default be lightweight – if you are syncing game state between players from the Game.Update method, you must minimize traffic. That game loop may be firing 60 times a second and player 5 needs to know if his tank has collided with any player 3 and the angle of that gun turret. There are no WCF ServiceContract / DataContract niceties here, but at the same time the XNA networking stack simplifies the details. The payload must be simplistic - just an ordered set of numbers that you would map to meaningful enum values upon deserialization.   Overview ·        XNA allows you to create and join multiplayer game sessions, to manage game state across clients, and to interact with the friends list ·        Dependency on Gamer Services - to receive notifications such as sign-in status changes and game invitations ·        two types of online multiplayer games: system link game sessions (LAN) and LIVE sessions (WAN). ·        Minimum dev requirements: 1 Xbox 360 console + Creators Club membership to test network code - run 1 instance of game on Xbox 360, and 1 on a Windows-based computer   Network Sessions ·        A network session is made up of players in a game + up to 8 arbitrary integer properties describing the session ·        create custom enums – (e.g. GameMode, SkillLevel) as keys in NetworkSessionProperties collection ·        Player state: lobby, in-play   Session Types ·        local session - for split-screen gaming - requires no network traffic. ·        system link session - connects multiple gaming machines over a local subnet. ·        Xbox LIVE multiplayer session - occurs on the Internet. Ranked or unranked   Session Updates ·        NetworkSession class Update method - must be called once per frame. ·        performs the following actions: o   Sends the network packets. o   Changes the session state. o   Raises the managed events for any significant state changes. o   Returns the incoming packet data. ·        synchronize the session à packet-received and state-change events à no threading issues   Session Config ·        Session host - gaming machine that creates the session. XNA handles host migration ·        NetworkSession properties: AllowJoinInProgress , AllowHostMigration ·        NetworkSession groups: AllGamers, LocalGamers, RemoteGamers   Subscribe to NetworkSession events ·        GamerJoined ·        GamerLeft ·        GameStarted ·        GameEnded – use to return to lobby ·        SessionEnded – use to return to title screen   Create a Session session = NetworkSession.Create(         NetworkSessionType.SystemLink,         maximumLocalPlayers,         maximumGamers,         privateGamerSlots,         sessionProperties );   Start a Session if (session.IsHost) {     if (session.IsEveryoneReady)     {        session.StartGame();        foreach (var gamer in SignedInGamer.SignedInGamers)        {             gamer.Presence.PresenceMode =                 GamerPresenceMode.InCombat;   Find a Network Session AvailableNetworkSessionCollection availableSessions = NetworkSession.Find(     NetworkSessionType.SystemLink,       maximumLocalPlayers,     networkSessionProperties); availableSessions.AllowJoinInProgress = true;   Join a Network Session NetworkSession session = NetworkSession.Join(     availableSessions[selectedSessionIndex]);   Sending Network Data var packetWriter = new PacketWriter(); foreach (LocalNetworkGamer gamer in session.LocalGamers) {     // Get the tank associated with this player.     Tank myTank = gamer.Tag as Tank;     // Write the data.     packetWriter.Write(myTank.Position);     packetWriter.Write(myTank.TankRotation);     packetWriter.Write(myTank.TurretRotation);     packetWriter.Write(myTank.IsFiring);     packetWriter.Write(myTank.Health);       // Send it to everyone.     gamer.SendData(packetWriter, SendDataOptions.None);     }   Receiving Network Data foreach (LocalNetworkGamer gamer in session.LocalGamers) {     // Keep reading while packets are available.     while (gamer.IsDataAvailable)     {         NetworkGamer sender;          // Read a single packet.         gamer.ReceiveData(packetReader, out sender);          if (!sender.IsLocal)         {             // Get the tank associated with this packet.             Tank remoteTank = sender.Tag as Tank;              // Read the data and apply it to the tank.             remoteTank.Position = packetReader.ReadVector2();             …   End a Session if (session.AllGamers.Count == 1)         {             session.EndGame();             session.Update();         }   Performance •        Aim to minimize payload, reliable in order messages •        Send Data Options: o   Unreliable, out of order -(SendDataOptions.None) o   Unreliable, in order (SendDataOptions.InOrder) o   Reliable, out of order (SendDataOptions.Reliable) o   Reliable, in order (SendDataOptions.ReliableInOrder) o   Chat data (SendDataOptions.Chat) •        Simulate: NetworkSession.SimulatedLatency , NetworkSession.SimulatedPacketLoss •        Voice support – NetworkGamer properties: HasVoice ,IsTalking , IsMutedByLocalUser

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  • L2TP iptables port forward

    - by The_cobra666
    Hi all, I'm setting up port forwarding for an L2TP VPN connection to the local Windows 2003 VPN server. The router is a simpel Debian machine with iptables. The VPN server works perfect. But I cannot log in from the WAN. I'm missing something. The VPN server is using a pre-shared key (L2TP) and give's out an IP in the range: 192.168.3.0. Local network range is 192.168.2.0/24 I added the route: with route add -net 192.168.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.240 gw 192.168.2.13 (the vpn server) iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p udp --dport 1701 -i eth0 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.13 iptables -A FORWARD -p udp --dport 1701 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p udp --dport 500 -i eth0 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.13 iptables -A FORWARD -p udp --dport 500 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p udp --dport 4500 -i eth0 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.13 iptables -A FORWARD -p udp --dport 4500 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p 50 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.13 iptables -A FORWARD -p 50 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p 51 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.13 iptables -A FORWARD -p 51 -j ACCEPT The whole iptables script is (without the line's from above): echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_syncookies #Flush table's iptables -F INPUT iptables -F OUTPUT iptables -F FORWARD iptables -t nat -F #Drop traffic iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P FORWARD DROP iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT #verkeer naar buiten toe laten en nat aanzetten iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE #RDP forward voor windows servers iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 3389 -i eth0 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.10:3389 iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 3389 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 3340 -i eth0 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.12:3340 iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 3340 -j ACCEPT #toestaan SSH verkeer iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 22 -i eth0 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.2.1 iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT #toestaan verkeer loopback iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT #toestaan lokaal netwerk iptables -A INPUT -i eth1 -j ACCEPT #accepteren established traffic iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 --match state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT #droppen ICMP boodschappen iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -i eth0 -m limit --limit 10/minute -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -i eth0 -j REJECT ifconfig eth1 192.168.2.1/24 ifconfig eth0 XXXXXXXXXXXXX/30 ifconfig eth0 up ifconfig eth1 up route add default gw XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX route add -net 192.168.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.240 gw 192.168.2.13

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  • Why are people trying to connect to me network on TCP port 445?

    - by Solignis
    I was playing with my new syslog server and had my m0n0wall firewall logs forwarded as a test, I noticed a bunch of recent firewall log entries that say that it blocked other WAN IPs from my ISP (I checked) from connecting to me on TCP port 445. Why would a random computer be trying to connect to me on a port apperently used for Windows SMB shares? Just internet garbage? A port scan? I am just curious. here is what I am seeing Mar 15 23:38:41 gateway/gateway ipmon[121]: 23:38:40.614422 fxp0 @0:19 b 98.82.198.238,60653 -> 98.103.xxx.xxx,445 PR tcp len 20 48 -S IN broadcast Mar 15 23:38:42 gateway/gateway ipmon[121]: 23:38:41.665571 fxp0 @0:19 b 98.82.198.238,60665 -> 98.103.xxx.xxx,445 PR tcp len 20 48 -S IN Mar 15 23:38:43 gateway/gateway ipmon[121]: 23:38:43.165622 fxp0 @0:19 b 98.82.198.238,60670 -> 98.103.xxx.xxx,445 PR tcp len 20 48 -S IN broadcast Mar 15 23:38:44 gateway/gateway ipmon[121]: 23:38:43.614524 fxp0 @0:19 b 98.82.198.238,60653 -> 98.103.xxx.xxx,445 PR tcp len 20 48 -S IN broadcast Mar 15 23:38:44 gateway/gateway ipmon[121]: 23:38:43.808856 fxp0 @0:19 b 98.82.198.238,60665 -> 98.103.xxx.xxx,445 PR tcp len 20 48 -S IN Mar 15 23:38:44 gateway/gateway ipmon[121]: 23:38:43.836313 fxp0 @0:19 b 98.82.198.238,60670 -> 98.103.xxx,xxx,445 PR tcp len 20 48 -S IN broadcast Mar 15 23:38:48 gateway/gateway ipmon[121]: 23:38:48.305633 fxp0 @0:19 b 98.103.22.25 -> 98.103.xxx.xxx PR icmp len 20 92 icmp echo/0 IN broadcast Mar 15 23:38:48 gateway/gateway ipmon[121]: 23:38:48.490778 fxp0 @0:19 b 98.103.22.25 -> 98.103.xxx.xxx PR icmp len 20 92 icmp echo/0 IN Mar 15 23:38:48 gateway/gateway ipmon[121]: 23:38:48.550230 fxp0 @0:19 b 98.103.22.25 -> 98.103.xxx.xxx PR icmp len 20 92 icmp echo/0 IN broadcast Mar 15 23:43:33 gateway/gateway ipmon[121]: 23:43:33.185836 fxp0 @0:19 b 98.86.34.225,64060 -> 98.103.xxx.xxx,445 PR tcp len 20 48 -S IN broadcast Mar 15 23:43:34 gateway/gateway ipmon[121]: 23:43:33.405137 fxp0 @0:19 b 98.86.34.225,64081 -> 98.103.xxx.xxx,445 PR tcp len 20 48 -S IN Mar 15 23:43:34 gateway/gateway ipmon[121]: 23:43:33.454384 fxp0 @0:19 b 98.86.34.225,64089 -> 98.103.xxx.xxx,445 PR tcp len 20 48 -S IN broadcast I blacked out part of my IP address for my own safety.

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  • pfSense 2.1 OpenVPN client not using tunnelled interface

    - by Brian M. Hunt
    I'm having some trouble getting OpenVPN working on my pfSense box. The issue is quite strange to me. When I have the OpenVPN turned on, only my router is able to connect to the Internet. From the router I can use ping, links, etc., and connections work exactly as expected - through the VPN, with the IP address assigned by my VPN provider (Proxy.sh, incidentally). However, none of the clients on the local network can connect to the Internet. I get timeouts when using ping or a web browser. I can ping my router, and the IP address of the gateway. When I switch the default gateway from the VPN to my ISP's gateway, all works exactly as expected. Here the routing table (netstat -r) when in VPN mode, and a key for it: IPv4 Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Mtu Netif Expire 0.0.0.0/1 10.XX.X.53 UGS 0 122 1500 ovpnc1 = default 10.XX.X.53 UGS 0 235 1500 ovpnc1 8.8.8.8 10.XX.X.53 UGHS 0 82 1500 ovpnc1 10.XX.X.1/32 10.11.0.53 UGS 0 0 1500 ovpnc1 10.XX.X.53 link#12 UH 0 0 1500 ovpnc1 10.XX.X.54 link#12 UHS 0 0 16384 lo0 ZZ.XX.XXX.0/20 link#1 U 0 83 1500 re0 ZZ.XX.XXX.XXX link#1 UHS 0 0 16384 lo0 127.0.0.1 link#9 UH 0 12 16384 lo0 128.0.0.0/1 10.11.0.53 UGS 0 123 1500 ovpnc1 192.168.1.0/24 link#11 U 0 1434 1500 ue0 192.168.1.1 link#11 UHS 0 0 16384 lo0 YYY.YYY.YYY.YYY/32 ZZ.XX.XXX.1 UGS 0 249 1500 re0 IP addresses 10.XX.X.53/54 - My DHCP-assigned IP address/pair from the VPN provider ZZ.XX.XXX.XXX - My external IP assigned by my ISP YYY.YYY.YYY.YYY - The external IP assigned by the VPN provider Interfaces ovpnc1 - My VPN client interface re0 - My LAN interface ue0 - My WAN interface This looks essentially what I would expect it to be. The default route is through the VPN provider. The VPN address is routed through the ISP-assigned IP address. I am not sure what would be wrong here. So figuring this was a firewall issue, I basically tried enabling all in/out traffic. This did not seem to remedy the problem. Also figuring it could possibly be some client networking issue, I restarted the clients on the LAN. This did not help. I also ran route flush and reset the routes manually. So I am a bit stumped, and would be very grateful for any thoughts on what the problem might be.

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  • How can I connect DLNA devices through NAT?

    - by Bob
    I have a Windows 7 PC running Serviio as a DLNA server. I have a Samsung I9100G running Skifta as a DLNA renderer (client). My network topology: At the moment, I can connect and watch my videos fine if the phone is on router #2. The server is on a wired network with #2. Router #1 is 192.168.1.1, router #2 is 192.168.2.1 (192.168.1.2) and router #3 is 192.168.3.1 (192.168.1.3). In other words, each router has its own subnet, using NAT - their "modem" port is connected with a "LAN" port on the modem/router 1. What I want to do is be able to connect to the DLNA server if the renderer is connected to router #1/#3 - #1 is on the WAN side of #2, while #3 is even further separated. I'll settle for just #1 working, though. Normally, I would just forward the appropriate ports, and everything would work fine. However, (apparently) DLNA uses UPnP, which I am unfamiliar with. I tried enabling UPnP on router #2, but that did not seem not change anything. It's a Belkin F5D7230-4 6000 - there's reported issues with UPnP on F5D7230-4 7000. UPnP is already enabled on router #1 - a Billion BiPAC 7700N. I've also tried the built in DLNA renderer/server/controller on my phone, Samsung AllShare. It can see the server on router #2 and browse files, but has issues playing or downloading them. It also can't see the server on the other two networks. I'm currently using Skifta/s "local" mode. "Remote" mode requires an account, which I don't really want to create if not necessary. Is it possible too do what I'm trying to do? If no, are there workarounds? If yes, how do I do it? Is my server the issue? The renderer (client)? The router(s)? My method? I can change just about anything except the routers.

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  • Router reconfigures PC's and they can no longer access the internet via hardwired connection to DSL Modem

    - by zchads
    Router reconfigures PC's and they can no longer access the internet via hardwired connection to DSL Modem. Hardware Information: Buffalo Wireless Router/access point, Model: WZR-HP-G300NH-AP DSL Modem: Generic (actually not sure of manufacture). Service Provider: TOT (Thailand) Laptop-1: Windows XP and Belkin PCMIA Network Card Laptop-2: Windows XP unknown network card & Wifi Laptop-3: Windows 7 unknown network card & Wifi Outline of Problem/actions taken: After a recent power failure the router and laptop-1 connected to router were no longer able to access the internet. Actions taken to try and recover internet access: Using Laptop-1 tried to configure Router with PPPoe settings using software from Router Manufacture. During the installation process a Timeout error was experienced, unable to connect to WAN. Used Internet Explorer to communicate directly with Router using IP address. Changed settings to use PPPoe settings given by ISP. Router was not able to communicate with Internet. Repeated steps 1-4 again with no success. Reset Router and DSL modem. Repeated steps 1-4 again still no success. Tried connecting Laptop-1 directly to DSL to gain access to internet to research problem. No Network connection with DSL could be established…connection would be established for a second and then be lost and didn’t appear long enough to actually connect to DSL. Replugged LAN back into Router and connection was regained with laptop-1. Replugged Laptop-1 directly into DSL and again unable to establish network connection. Uninstalled network card and all of its drivers on Laptop-1. Reinstalled network card and drivers and tried connecting directly to DSL. Still unable to make network connection. Plugged DSL into Laptop-3 and Internet connection was established. Being Laptop-3 does not have a CD-Rom, Laptop-2 was tried to connect to the router. With Laptop-2 steps 1-7 ended up being repeated without success. Tried plugging Laptop-2 directly into DSL and again no network connection could be established. Using Laptop-3 with a direct connection to DSL downloaded latest Router FW. Installed router FW using Laptop-1. Tired the installation process again without success. Being desperate reinstalled OS on Laptop-1 still not success. Tried using “ipconfig” with router to see what was going on without success. With laptop-1 connected to DSL went through the “ipconfig /…” inputs to see if anything made a difference. Being the network card was not able to make a connection this provide very little information “media disconnected”. So now I have a router and two laptops which are unable to connect to the internet and sure could use some advice/help.

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  • Making hosts accessible between LAN subnets

    - by nixnotwin
    I have two inerfaces on my router with tomato firmwre: br0 and vlan4. br0 is on 192.168.0.0/16 subnet and vlan4 on 10.0.1.0/24 subnet. As I don't want the different network services on br0 available on vlan4, I have added this firewall rule: iptables -I INPUT -i vlan4 -j ACCEPT; iptables -I FORWARD -i vlan4 -o vlan2 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT; iptables -I FORWARD -i br0 -o vlan4 -j DROP; vlan2 is my WAN (internet acess). The issue that I want to solve is that I want to make one host from 192.168.0.0/16 network (br0), which has ip 192.168.0.50, available on vlan4 (10.0.1.0/24). Only that host should be available on vlan4 (and all other hosts on br0 should be inaccessible). What firewall rules can be used to do it? Edit 1: Output of iptables -nvL FORWARD: Chain FORWARD (policy DROP 4 packets, 204 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 ACCEPT all -- vlan4 192.168.0.50 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT all -- vlan4 ppp0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW 229 13483 ACCEPT all -- vlan4 vlan2 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW 0 0 DROP all -- br0 vlan3 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT all -- vlan3 ppp0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW 67 3405 ACCEPT all -- vlan3 vlan2 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW 0 0 ACCEPT all -- br0 br0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 34 1360 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state INVALID 758 40580 TCPMSS tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp flags:0x06/0x02 TCPMSS clamp to PMTU 11781 2111K restrict all -- * vlan2 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 26837 19M ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 0 wanin all -- vlan2 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 287 15927 wanout all -- * vlan2 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 283 15723 ACCEPT all -- br0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 upnp all -- vlan2 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Output of iptables -t nat -nvL PREROUTING: Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 6887 packets, 526K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 855 83626 WANPREROUTING all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 222.228.137.223 0 0 DROP all -- vlan2 * 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.0.0/16 0 0 DNAT udp -- * * 192.168.0.0/16 !192.168.0.0/16 udp dpt:53 to:192.168.0.1

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  • WinXP - Having trouble sharing internet with 3G USB modem via ICS

    - by Carlos Nunez
    all! I've been banging my head against a wall with this issue for a few days now and am hoping someone can help out. I recently signed up for T-Mobile's webConnect 3G/4G service to replace the faltering (and slow) DSL connection in my apartment. The goal was to put the SIM in one of my old phones and use its built-in WLAN tethering feature to share Internet out to rest of my computers. I quickly found out that webConnect-provisioned SIMs do not work with regular smartphones, so I was forced to either buy a 4G-compatible router or tether one of my old laptops to my wireless router and share out that way. I chose the latter, and it's sharpening my inner masochistic self by the day. Here's the setup: GSM USB modem (via hub), ICS host - 10/100 Mbps Ethernet NIC, ICS "guest" - WAN port of my SMC WGBR14N wireless router in bridged mode (i.e. wireless access point). Ideally, this would make my laptop the DHCP server and internet gateway with the WAP giving everyone wireless coverage. I can browse internet on the host laptop fine. However, when clients try to connect, they get a DHCP-assigned IP from the laptop and are able to use the Internet for a few minutes before completely dying. After that happens, they are able to re-associate with the WAP and get IP addresses, but are unable to use Internet or resolve IP addresses until the laptop and router are restarted. If they do get access, it's very, very slow. After running Wireshark on the host machine, it turns out that this is because every TCP connection keeps getting RST. DNS seems to work. I would normally think the firewall is the culprit here, but when it drops packets, it drops them completely. The fact that TCP connections are being ACK'ed by the destination rules that out. Of course, none of the event Log isn't saying anything about what's going on. I also tried disabling power management on the NIC, since that's caused problems in the past; that didn't help either. I finally disabled receive-side scaling as per a Microsoft KB (that applied to Windows Server 2003, SP2) to no avail. I'm thinking of trying it with a different NIC (will be tough; don't have a spare Ethernet NIC around for the laptop), but I'm getting the impression that this simply doesn't work. Can anyone please advise? I apologise for the length of this post; all contributions are much appreciated! -Carlos.

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  • Ubuntu box static routing problem

    - by Rafael
    Hello, I'm trying to configure a ubuntu server to be a router. This is my interface configuration (eth2 connects to my WAN, eth0 to my LAN): auto eth2 iface eth2 inet static address 192.168.0.249 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.0.1 broadcast 192.168.0.255 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.100.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 This is the router information: Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth2 0.0.0.0 192.168.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth2 And this is dhcp configuration: subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 192.168.100.101 192.168.100.254; option domain-name-servers 201.70.86.133; option routers 192.168.100.1; authoritative; } I'm then connecting a mac os x by cable on eth0. This is en0 interface configuration: en0: flags=8963<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,PROMISC,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 ether 00:26:bb:5d:82:b0 inet6 fe80::226:bbff:fe5d:82b0%en0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x4 inet 192.168.100.101 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.100.255 media: autoselect (100baseTX <full-duplex>) status: active And this is the routing table: Internet: Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire default 192.168.100.1 UGSc 139 32 en0 10.37.129/24 link#8 UC 2 0 vnic1 10.37.129.2 0:1c:42:0:0:9 UHLWI 0 839 lo0 10.37.129.255 ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff UHLWbI 0 4 vnic1 10.211.55/24 link#7 UC 2 0 vnic0 10.211.55.2 0:1c:42:0:0:8 UHLWI 0 840 lo0 10.211.55.255 ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff UHLWbI 0 4 vnic0 127 127.0.0.1 UCS 0 0 lo0 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 UH 3 507924 lo0 169.254 link#4 UCS 0 0 en0 172.16.42/24 link#10 UC 2 0 vmnet8 172.16.42.1 0:50:56:c0:0:8 UHLWI 0 839 lo0 172.16.42.255 link#10 UHLWbI 1 24 vmnet8 192.168.100 link#4 UC 2 0 en0 192.168.100.1 0:e0:7c:7e:f:99 UHLWI 139 0 en0 777 192.168.100.101 127.0.0.1 UHS 0 0 lo0 192.168.100.255 ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff UHLWbI 0 4 en0 192.168.116 link#9 UC 2 0 vmnet1 192.168.116.1 0:50:56:c0:0:1 UHLWI 0 839 lo0 192.168.116.255 ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff UHLWbI 0 4 vmnet1 When I ping 192.168.100.1, it works. When I ping 192.168.0.249, it also works. However, when I try to ping 192.168.0.1 it does not. Does anyone has any way to solve this? Is there a way to debug it? Thanks,

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  • OpenWRT based gateway with dnsmasq and internal server with bind

    - by Peter
    I have router based on OpenWRT which has dnsmasq 2.59. Inside my local area network I have a NS server bind. This server has internal and external views for a couple of my domains. My router forwards port 53 TCP and UDP from outside IP (router WAN) to this server. For the external clients everything works fine. In order to organize the internal view, I decided to add the exception to /etc/dnsmasq.conf server=/mydomain1.com/192.168.1.1 server=/mydomain2.com/192.168.1.1 server=/mydomain3.com/192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1 - IP address of the NS server) According to dnsmasq manstrong text: More specific domains take precendence over less specific domains, so: --server=/google.com/1.2.3.4 --server=/www.google.com/2.3.4.5 will send queries for *.google.com to 1.2.3.4, except *www.google.com, which will go to 2.3.4.5 this domain name with all the sub-domains is supposed to be forward to my NS server. Everything works (SOA, NS, MX, CNAME, TXT, SRV etc.) except for A-record: # nslookup -type=a mydomain1.com Server: 192.168.1.100 Address: 192.168.1.100#53 *** Can't find mydomain1.com: No answer 192.168.1.100 - IP address of my router (dnsmasq) However, I can get the answer for the TXT-record query: # nslookup -type=txt mydomain1.com Server: 192.168.1.100 Address: 192.168.1.100#53 mydomain1.com text = "v=spf1 include:mydomain1.com -all" When I just specify the local IP of my NS server (direct access to the server without using dnsmasq) then the results are: # nslookup -type=a mydomain1.com 192.168.1.1 Server: 192.168.1.1 Address: 192.168.1.1#53 Name: mydomain1.com Address: 192.168.1.1 There is a similar situation with the MX-record: C:\>nslookup -type=mx mydomain1.com Server: router.lan Address: 192.168.1.100 mydomain1.com MX preference = 10, mail exchanger = mail.mydomain1.com mydomain1.com nameserver = ns.mydomain1.com mail.mydomain1.com internet address = 192.168.1.1 ns.mydomain1.com internet address = 192.168.1.1 C:\>nslookup -type=a mail.mydomain1.com Server: router.lan Address: 192.168.1.100 *** No address (A) records available for mail.mydomain1.com This is a dig result: # dig +nocmd mydomain1.com any +multiline +noall +answer mydomain1.com. 86400 IN SOA ns.mydomain1.com. hostmaster.mydomain1.com. ( 121204007 ; serial 28800 ; refresh (8 hours) 7200 ; retry (2 hours) 604800 ; expire (1 week) 3600 ; minimum (1 hour) ) mydomain1.com. 86400 IN NS ns.mydomain1.com. mydomain1.com. 86400 IN A 192.168.1.1 mydomain1.com. 604800 IN MX 10 mail.mydomain1.com. mydomain1.com. 3600 IN TXT "v=spf1 include:mydomain1.com -all" When I try to ping: # ping mydomain1.com ping: cannot resolve mydomain1.com: Unknown host Is it a bug of dnsmasq 2.59? How to manage this problem?

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  • Why does NX Client for Windows silently closes after connection?

    - by pavel
    Hey! I connect remotely to my Ubuntu server from Vista machine. Now I need to run a GUI application on the server (Wireshark). So I decided to use FreeNX server/client to view Ubuntu GUI on Vista I have successfully installed FreeNX on Ubuntu and NX Client on Vista. I was following this guide Unfortunately, now I found myself stuck with the following problem. At the client, the !M logo window appears, but after a few seconds that window just closes, even without showing any error message. Guys, I'm really stuck, please help! Maybe I should have installed some graphical environment on the server? These are the details from NX client, it seems there are no errors. ----------------- Info: Display running with pid '7768' and handler '0x670d24'. NXPROXY - Version 3.4.0 Copyright (C) 2001, 2007 NoMachine. See http://www.nomachine.com/ for more information. Info: Proxy running in client mode with pid '2168'. Session: Starting session at 'Sat Dec 19 10:58:35 2009'. Warning: Connected to remote version 3.3.0 with local version 3.4.0. Info: Connection with remote proxy completed. Info: Using WAN link parameters 768/24/1/0. Info: Using cache parameters 4/4096KB/16384KB/16384KB. Info: Using pack method 'adaptive-9' with session 'kde'. Info: Using ZLIB data compression 1/1/32. Info: Using ZLIB stream compression 1/1. Info: No suitable cache file found. Info: Forwarding X11 connections to display ':0'. Info: Listening to font server connections on port '11000'. Session: Session started at 'Sat Dec 19 10:58:35 2009'. Info: Established X server connection. Info: Using shared memory parameters 0/0K. Session: Terminating session at 'Sat Dec 19 10:58:37 2009'. Session: Session terminated at 'Sat Dec 19 10:58:37 2009'. -----------

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  • debian gateway using iptables

    - by meijuh
    I am having problems setting up a debian gateway server. My goal: Having eth1 the WAN interface. Having eth0 the LAN interface. Allow both ports 22 (SSH) and 80 (HTTP) accessed from the outside world on the gateway (SSH and HTTP run on this server). What I did was the following: Create a file /etc/iptables.rules with contents: /etc/iptables.rules: *nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE COMMIT *filter -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i eth1 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i eth1 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i eth1 -j DROP COMMIT edit /etc/network/interfaces as follows: /etc/network/interfaces: # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback pre-up iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.rules auto eth0 allow-hotplug eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp #auto eth1 #allow-hotplug eth1 #iface eth1 inet dhcp allow-hotplug eth1 iface eth1 inet static address 217.119.224.51 netmask 255.255.255.248 gateway 217.119.224.49 dns-nameservers 217.119.226.67 217.119.226.68 Uncomment the rule net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 in /etc/sysctl.conf to allow packet forwarding. The static settings for eth1 such as the ip address I got from my router (which I want to replace); I simply copied these. I have a (windows) DNS + DHCP server on ip address 10.180.1.10, which assigns ip address 10.180.1.44 to eth0. What this server does is not really interesting it only maps domain names on our local network and assigns one static ip to the gateway. What works: on the gateway itself I can ping 8.8.8.8 and google.nl. So that is okey. What does not work: (1) Every machine connected to eth0 (indirectly via a switch) can not ping an ip or a domain. So I guess the gateway can not be found. (2) Also when I configure my linux machine (a laptop) to use a static ip 10.180.1.41, a mask and a gateway (10.180.1.44) I can not ping an ip or domain either. This means that maybe my iptables is incorrect of not loaded correctly. Or I maybe have to configure my DNS/DHCP on my windows machine. I have not reset the windows machine net, restart the DNS/DHCP services, should I do this? I did not install dnsmasq as desribed here: http://blog.noviantech.com/2010/12/22/debian-router-gateway-in-15-minutes/. I don't think this is necessary?

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  • PPTP VPN Not Working - Peer failed CHAP authentication, PTY read or GRE write failed

    - by armani
    Brand-new install of CentOS 6.3. Followed this guide: http://www.members.optushome.com.au/~wskwok/poptop_ads_howto_1.htm And I got PPTPd running [v1.3.4]. I got the VPN to authenticate users against our Active Directory using winbind, smb, etc. All my tests to see if I'm still authenticated to the AD server pass ["kinit -V [email protected]", "smbclient", "wbinfo -t"]. VPN users were able to connect for like . . . an hour. I tried connecting from my Android phone using domain credentials and saw that I got an IP allocated for internal VPN users [which I've since changed the range, but even setting it back to the initial doesn't work]. Ever since then, no matter what settings I try, I pretty much consistently get this in my /var/log/messages [and the VPN client fails]: [root@vpn2 ~]# tail /var/log/messages Aug 31 15:57:22 vpn2 pppd[18386]: pppd 2.4.5 started by root, uid 0 Aug 31 15:57:22 vpn2 pppd[18386]: Using interface ppp0 Aug 31 15:57:22 vpn2 pppd[18386]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/pts/1 Aug 31 15:57:22 vpn2 pptpd[18385]: GRE: Bad checksum from pppd. Aug 31 15:57:24 vpn2 pppd[18386]: Peer armaniadm failed CHAP authentication Aug 31 15:57:24 vpn2 pppd[18386]: Connection terminated. Aug 31 15:57:24 vpn2 pppd[18386]: Exit. Aug 31 15:57:24 vpn2 pptpd[18385]: GRE: read(fd=6,buffer=8059660,len=8196) from PTY failed: status = -1 error = Input/output error, usually caused by unexpected termination of pppd, check option syntax and pppd logs Aug 31 15:57:24 vpn2 pptpd[18385]: CTRL: PTY read or GRE write failed (pty,gre)=(6,7) Aug 31 15:57:24 vpn2 pptpd[18385]: CTRL: Client 208.54.86.242 control connection finished Now before you go blaming the firewall [all other forum posts I find seem to go there], this VPN server is on our DMZ network. We're using a Juniper SSG-5 Gateway, and I've assigned a WAN IP to the VPN box itself, zoned into the DMZ zone. Then, I have full "Any IP / Any Protocol" open traffic rules between DMZ<--Untrust Zone, and DMZ<--Trust Zone. I'll limit this later to just the authenticating traffic it needs, but for now I think we can rule out the firewall blocking anything. Here's my /etc/pptpd.conf [omitting comments]: option /etc/ppp/options.pptpd logwtmp localip [EXTERNAL_IP_ADDRESS] remoteip [ANOTHER_EXTERNAL_IP_ADDRESS, AND HAVE TRIED AN ARBITRARY GROUP LIKE 5.5.0.0-100] Here's my /etc/ppp/options.pptpd.conf [omitting comments]: name pptpd refuse-pap refuse-chap refuse-mschap require-mschap-v2 require-mppe-128 ms-dns 192.168.200.42 # This is our internal domain controller ms-wins 192.168.200.42 proxyarp lock nobsdcomp novj novjccomp nologfd auth nodefaultroute plugin winbind.so ntlm_auth-helper "/usr/bin/ntlm_auth --helper-protocol=ntlm-server-1" Any help is GREATLY appreciated. I can give you any more info you need to know, and it's a new test server, so I can perform any tests/reboots required to get it up and going. Thanks a ton.

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  • DCHP and Router load testing

    - by John H
    I manage a campground wifi network with an average of 10 - 60 active users. I have encountered issues where the router starts acting flaky (failing to assign DHCP or failing to pass traffic) without any clear warning (low cpu utilization, etc). I upgraded the router a couple times and ended up with a Netgear ProSafe VPN router that seems to be handling the traffic. The interesting thing is that the Netgear has lower specs than the Buffalo router it replaced, indicating the issue is with the DD-WRT firmware. While I'll be pursuing this issue on the dd-wrt forums, I need a way to test routers. My vision is having 1-2 computers connected on the LAN side and 1-2 computers connected on the WAN side. I want the LAN computers to be generating various type of traffic and connections, as well as requesting DCHP addresses. A few notes: The wireless aspect should be a non-issue. Most clients would connect to a wireless bridge and come into the router through a network cable. I had a monitoring server with Nagios running check_dhcp against the router. This server was connected directly by a network cable, eliminating wifi bridges and other devices from the equation. This question is somewhat related, but not exactly: Load testing wireless LANs I am going to look at IxChariot. While I'd ideally like to use a 1 computer on each side running Linux and preferably free software, I can entertain running Windows, multiple computers, or non-free software. Total bandwidth doesn't seem to be the issue. I can transfer large files all day. Even on the busiest days, the users seemed to only pull ~5Mbps. There is very little "LAN to LAN traffic" and most of it might never have reached the main router. The issue I need to test for seems to be tied to active users, or more appropriately, active sessions. I know active users or active clients is a meaningless term from a router standpoint and wouldn't mind having more appropriate terms to use. Summary: I need a way to test a routers ability in handling traffic from a large number of clients. My current strategy is to purchase a router, deploy it, and see how it fails in the live environment.

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  • DNS NS and domain clarification

    - by thejartender
    I am really trying to get my home web server up and I don't seem to be succeeding. My web server withing my host system is running my web application and is viewable at the current isp ip 88.89.190.171 over WAN indicating that the webapp is fine and that router ports are forwarded. I have set up a DNS on this system with a single name server in the network and I manage to ping it with ping ns.thejarbar.org I have registered this private name server at my current hosting provider. My domain (thejarbar.org) is obviously registered and I have pointed it to my name server. My question here is if it is simply a matter of waiting on propagation for me to be able to ping my domain? Another way of asking this is if the fact that my name server is discoverable indicates that I have set it up correctly to be used? I have tested with dig and dig -x on my host and have A records for the name server. The server is not the Authorative server so I am concerned that this may be the reason why my site is not discoverable. Is there anything else I may need to so still? I only have one ns. currently, but should this succeed I will be purchasing a more stable secondary system to host my development applications. This is my best chance at getting work (freelance development) due to illness) and this I feel is the last step I need to succeed. Please note that this is temporarily a home server and I will most likely be using it as part of a professional setup very soon I will likely have to repeat this question therefore in a prefessional context in a few weeks as nothing will be different other than the fact that I am going to have a server running elsewhere. I am using bind9 and Ubuntu 12.10 and my records are: $TTL 3D @ IN SOA ns.thejarbar.org. email. ( 13112012 28800 3600 604800 38400 ); thejarbar.org. IN A 10.0.0.42 @ IN NS ns.thejarbar,org. yuccalaptop IN A 10.0.0.19 ns IN A 10.0.0.42 gw IN A 10.0.0.138 www IN CNAME thejarbar.org. $TTL 3D 0.0.10.in-addr.arpa. IN SOA ns.thejarbar.org. email. ( 13112012 28800 3600 604800 38400 ); 0.0.10.in-addr.arpa. IN NS ns.thejarbar.org. 42 IN PTR thejarbar.org. 19 IN PTR yuccalaptop.thejarbar.org. 138 IN PTR gw.thejarbar.org. My localhost IP is 10.0.0.42 I wish for this to be my host and name server.

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  • FTP not listing files behind firewall (setsockopt (ignored): Permission denied)

    - by KennyDs
    We are developing a Magento application that has a module that works with FTP. Today we deployed this on the testing environment which is setup in the following way: Gateway server which has the following iptables rules: # iptables -L -n -v Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 2 packets, 130 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 165 13720 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 7 packets, 606 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 ACCEPT all -- eth1 eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 15 965 ACCEPT all -- eth0 eth1 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 REJECT all -- eth1 eth1 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-port-unreachable Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 126 packets, 31690 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination These are set at runtime via the following bash script: #!/bin/sh PATH=/usr/sbin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin # # delete all existing rules. # iptables -F iptables -t nat -F iptables -t mangle -F iptables -X # Always accept loopback traffic iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT # Allow established connections, and those not coming from the outside iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing connections from the LAN side. iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -j ACCEPT # Masquerade. iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE # Don't forward from the outside to the inside. iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth1 -j REJECT # Enable routing. echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward The gateway server is connected to the WAN via eth1 and is connected to the internal network via eth0. One of the servers from eth1 has the following problem when trying to list files over ftp: $ ftp -vd myftpserver.com Connected to myftpserver.com 220 Welcome to MY FTP Server ftp: setsockopt: Bad file descriptor Name (myftpserver.com:magento): XXXXXXXX ---> USER XXXXXXXX 331 User XXXXXXXX, password please Password: ---> PASS XXXX 230 Password Ok, User logged in ---> SYST 215 UNIX Type: L8 Remote system type is UNIX. Using binary mode to transfer files. ftp> ls ftp: setsockopt (ignored): Permission denied ---> PORT 192,168,19,15,135,75 421 Service not available, remote server has closed connection When I try listing the files in passive mode, same result. When I run the same command on the gateway server, everything works fine so I believe that the issue is happening because of the iptables rules not forwarding properly. Does anyone have an idea which rule I need to add to make this work?

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  • What the best way to achieve RPO of zero and lowest possible RTO (less than 15 minutes) with SQL 2008 R2?

    - by Adrian Hope-Bailie
    We are running a payments (EFT transaction processing) application which is processing high volumes of transactions 24/7 and are currently investigating a better way of doing DB replication to our disaster recovery site. Our current and previous strategies have included using both DoubleTake and Redgate to replicate data to a warm stand-by. DoubleTake is the supported solution from the payments software vendor however their (DoubleTake's) support in South Africa is very poor. We had a few issues and simply couldn't ever resolve them so we had to give up on DoubleTake. We have been using Redgate to manually read the data from the primary site (via queries) and write to the DR site but this is: A bad solution Getting the software vendor hot and bothered whenever we have support issues as it has a tendency to interfere with the payment application which is very DB intensive. We recently upgraded the whole system to run on SQL 2008 R2 Enterprise which means we should probably be looking at using some of the built-in replication features. The server has 2 fairly large databases with a mixture of tables containing highly volatile transactional data and pretty static configuration data. Replication would be done over a WAN link to a separate physical site and needs to achieve the following objectives. RPO: Zero loss - This is transactional data with financial impact so we can't lose anything. RTO: Tending to zero - The business depends on our ability to process transactions every minute we are down we are losing money I have looked at a few of the other questions/answers but none meet our case exactly: SQL Server 2008 failover strategy - Log shipping or replication? How to achieve the following RTO & RPO with logshipping only using SQL Server? What is the best of two approaches to achieve DB Replication? My current thinking is that we should use mirroring but I am concerned that for RPO:0 we will need to do delayed commits and this could impact the performance of the primary DB which is not an option. Our current DR process is to: Stop incoming traffic to the primary site and allow all in-flight transaction to complete. Allow the replication to DR to complete. Change network routing to route to DR site. Start all applications and services on the secondary site (Ideally we can change this to a warmer stand-by whereby the applications are already running but not processing any transactions). In other words the DR database needs to, as quickly as possible, catch up with primary and be ready for processing as the new primary. We would then need to be able to reverse this when we are ready to switch back. Is there a better option than mirroring (should we be doing log-shipping too) and can anyone suggest other considerations that we should keep in mind?

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  • Routing between 2 different subnets on 2 different interfaces in SonicOS

    - by Chris1499
    I'm having a bit of a problem allowing traffic between two of my subnets. Here's the structure I've built. The X0 interface has our windows server on it and it handles DHCP/DNS, etc. X1 has the WAN connection. The Sonicwall is handling DHCP on X2. The X3 interface is connected to a different vlan on the 48 port switch. The Sonicwall is handling DHCP on this network as well. So here's what i want to do. The network on X2 is for our guest wireless; i don't want it to be able to access any of the other networks, just the internet, so i that all blocked in the firewall. No issues there. The X3 network is going to be for programmable controllers, and needs to be able to access the X0 network where our computers are. This is where my problem is. I'm not able to get between the 192.168.2.xxx and the 192.168.1.xxx on interfaces X0 and X3 respectively. I have these rules set up in the firewall. The Lan Primary Subnet is the 192.168.2.0 on X0. So if i'm not mistaken, this will allow traffic between the two through the firewall. Now this is where I'm a little confused. Do i need to use NAT to get the traffic from X0 to go to X3 (and vice versa), or a static route, or both? Currently i have both, though i doubt they're done correctly (also in screenshot). I've tried to ping between the two without luck. Any advice, or if you see what's wrong with my setup, is much appreciated. If you need some more information, let me know. Thanks all! EDIT: So i found that i don't neither either NAT or a static route, that the setting in the firewall is enough. I can now ping from the 192.168.1.xxx network, however i can't access the server on the 192.168.2.xxx network. When i try to access i get "An error occured while reconnecting to Z: to server Microsoft Windows Network: The local device name is already in use. This connection has not been restored. What am i missing?

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  • What router hardware or software should be used when multiple public IPs are routed into the same LAN?

    - by lcbrevard
    I am looking for recommendations to replace a set of consumer grade (Linksys, Netgear, Belkin) routers with something that can handle more traffic while routing more than one static public IP into the same LAN address space. We have a block of static public IPs, 5 usable, with Comcast Business. Currently four of them are in use for: General office access Web server Mail and DNS servers Download and backup web server for separate business All systems (a mixture of physical and virtual) are in the same LAN address space (10.x.y.0/24) to enable easy access between them inside the office. There are 30 or more systems in use depending on which virtual machines are currently active. We have a mixture of Windows, Linux, FreeBSD, and Solaris. Currently a separate consumer grade router is used for each of the four static addresses, with its WAN address set to the specific static address and a different gateway address for each: uses 10.x.y.1 - various ports are forwarded to various LAN IPs on systems with gateway 10.x.y.1 uses 10.x.y.254 - port 80 is forwarded to a server with gateway 10.x.y.254 uses 10.x.y.253 - ports for mail and dns are forwarded to a server with gateway 10.x.y.253 uses 10.x.y.252 - ports as needed are forwarded to server with gateway 10.x.y.252 Only router 1. is allowed to serve DHCP and address reservation based on the MAC is used for most of the internal "server" IP addresses so they are at fixed values. [Some are set static due to limitations in the address reservation capabilities of router 1.] And, yes, this really does work! But... I am looking for: better DHCP with more capable address reservation higher capacity so I don't have to periodically power cycle the routers One obvious improvement would be to have a real DHCP server and not use a consumer grade router for that purpose. I am torn between buying a "professional" router such as Cisco or Juniper or Sonic Wall verus learning to configure some spare hardware to perform this function. The price goes up extremely rapidly with capabilities for commercial routers! Worse, some routers require licensing based on the number of clients - a disaster in our environment with so many virtual machines. Sorry for such a long posting but I am getting tired of having to power cycle routers and deal with shifting IP addresses afterwards!

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  • Is there a way to replicate a very large file shares in real-time?

    - by fsckin
    I have an hourly cron job that copies about 40GB of data from a source folder into a new folder with the hour appended on the end. When it's done, the job prunes anything older than 24 hours. This data changes very often during work hours and is on a samba file share. Here's how the folder structure looks: \server\Version.1 \server\Version.2 \server\Version.3 ... \server\Version.24 The contents of each new folder compared to the last one usually doesn't change very much, since this is a hourly job. Now you might be thinking that I'm an idiot for setting dreaming this up. Truth is, I just found out. It's actually been used for years and is so incredibly simple, anyone could delete the ENTIRE 40GB share (imagine that dialog spooling up... deleting thousands and thousands of files) and it would actually be faster to restore by moving the latest copy back to the source than it took to delete. Brilliant! Now to top this off, I need to efficiently replicate this 960GB of "mostly similar" data to a remote server over WAN link, with the replication happening as close to real-time as possible -- think hot spare, disaster recovery, etc. My first thought was rsync. Total failure. Rsync sees it sees a deletion of the folder that is 24 hours old and the addition of a new folder with 30GB of data to sync! I also looked at rdiff-backup and unison, they both appear to use similar algorithms and do not keep enough meta-data to do this intelligently. Best thing that I can find "out of the box" to do this is Windows Server "Distributed Filesystem Replication" which uses "Remote Differential Compression" -- After reading the background information on how this works, it actually looks like exactly what I need. Problem: Both servers are running Linux. D'oh! One approach to this I'm looking at is this, say it's 5AM and the cron job finishes: New Version.5 folder arrives at on local server SSH to remote server and copy Version.4 to Version.5 Run rsync on the local server pushing changes to the remote server. Rsync finally knows to do a differential copy between Version.4 and Version.5 Is there a smarter way to replicate Samba shares as close to real-time as possible? Anything out there that does "Remote Differential Compression" on Linux?

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  • Find only physical network adapters with WMI Win32_NetworkAdapter class

    - by Mladen Prajdic
    WMI is Windows Management Instrumentation infrastructure for managing data and machines. We can access it by using WQL (WMI querying language or SQL for WMI). One thing to remember from the WQL link is that it doesn't support ORDER BY. This means that when you do SELECT * FROM wmiObject, the returned order of the objects is not guaranteed. It can return adapters in different order based on logged-in user, permissions of that user, etc… This is not documented anywhere that I've looked and is derived just from my observations. To get network adapters we have to query the Win32_NetworkAdapter class. This returns us all network adapters that windows detect, real and virtual ones, however it only supplies IPv4 data. I've tried various methods of combining properties that are common on all systems since Windows XP. The first thing to do to remove all virtual adapters (like tunneling, WAN miniports, etc…) created by Microsoft. We do this by adding WHERE Manufacturer!='Microsoft' to our WMI query. This greatly narrows the number of adapters we have to work with. Just on my machine it went from 20 adapters to 5. What was left were one real physical Realtek LAN adapter, 2 virtual adapters installed by VMware and 2 virtual adapters installed by VirtualBox. If you read the Win32_NetworkAdapter help page you'd notice that there's an AdapterType that enumerates various adapter types like LAN or Wireless and AdapterTypeID that gives you the same information as AdapterType only in integer form. The dirty little secret is that these 2 properties don't work. They are both hardcoded, AdapterTypeID to "0" and AdapterType to "Ethernet 802.3". The only exceptions I've seen so far are adapters that have no values at all for the two properties, "RAS Async Adapter" that has values of AdapterType = "Wide Area Network" and AdapterTypeID = "3" and various tunneling adapters that have values of AdapterType = "Tunnel" and AdapterTypeID = "15". In the help docs there isn't even a value for 15. So this property was of no help. Next property to give hope is NetConnectionId. This is the name of the network connection as it appears in the Control Panel -> Network Connections. Problem is this value is also localized into various languages and can have different names for different connection. So both of these properties don't help and we haven't even started talking about eliminating virtual adapters. Same as the previous one this property was also of no help. Next two properties I checked were ConfigManagerErrorCode and NetConnectionStatus in hopes of finding disabled and disconnected adapters. If an adapter is enabled but disconnected the ConfigManagerErrorCode = 0 with different NetConnectionStatus. If the adapter is disabled it reports ConfigManagerErrorCode = 22. This looked like a win by using (ConfigManagerErrorCode=0 or ConfigManagerErrorCode=22) in our condition. This way we get enabled (connected and disconnected adapters). Problem with all of the above properties is that none of them filter out the virtual adapters installed by virtualization software like VMware and VirtualBox. The last property to give hope is PNPDeviceID. There's an interesting observation about physical and virtual adapters with this property. Every virtual adapter PNPDeviceID starts with "ROOT\". Even VMware and VirtualBox ones. There were some really, really old physical adapters that had PNPDeviceID starting with "ROOT\" but those were in pre win XP era AFAIK. Since my minimum system to check was Windows XP SP2 I didn't have to worry about those. The only virtual adapter I've seen to not have PNPDeviceID start with "ROOT\" is the RAS Async Adapter for Wide Area Network. But because it is made by Microsoft we've eliminated it with the first condition for the manufacturer. Using the PNPDeviceID has so far proven to be really effective and I've tested it on over 20 different computers of various configurations from Windows XP laptops with wireless and bluetooth cards to virtualized Windows 2008 R2 servers. So far it always worked as expected. I will appreciate you letting me know if you find a configuration where it doesn't work. Let's see some C# code how to do this: ManagementObjectSearcher mos = null;// WHERE Manufacturer!='Microsoft' removes all of the // Microsoft provided virtual adapters like tunneling, miniports, and Wide Area Network adapters.mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher(@"SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapter WHERE Manufacturer != 'Microsoft'");// Trying the ConfigManagerErrorCode and NetConnectionStatus variations // proved to still not be enough and it returns adapters installed by // the virtualization software like VMWare and VirtualBox// ConfigManagerErrorCode = 0 -> Device is working properly. This covers enabled and/or disconnected devices// ConfigManagerErrorCode = 22 AND NetConnectionStatus = 0 -> Device is disabled and Disconnected. // Some virtual devices report ConfigManagerErrorCode = 22 (disabled) and some other NetConnectionStatus than 0mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher(@"SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapter WHERE Manufacturer != 'Microsoft' AND (ConfigManagerErrorCode = 0 OR (ConfigManagerErrorCode = 22 AND NetConnectionStatus = 0))");// Final solution with filtering on the Manufacturer and PNPDeviceID not starting with "ROOT\"// Physical devices have PNPDeviceID starting with "PCI\" or something else besides "ROOT\"mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher(@"SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapter WHERE Manufacturer != 'Microsoft' AND NOT PNPDeviceID LIKE 'ROOT\\%'");// Get the physical adapters and sort them by their index. // This is needed because they're not sorted by defaultIList<ManagementObject> managementObjectList = mos.Get() .Cast<ManagementObject>() .OrderBy(p => Convert.ToUInt32(p.Properties["Index"].Value)) .ToList();// Let's just show all the properties for all physical adapters.foreach (ManagementObject mo in managementObjectList){ foreach (PropertyData pd in mo.Properties) Console.WriteLine(pd.Name + ": " + (pd.Value ?? "N/A"));}   That's it. Hope this helps you in some way.

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