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• Combining MVVM Light Toolkit and Unity 2.0

  - by Alan Cordner

  This is more of a commentary than a question, though feedback would be nice. I have been tasked to create the user interface for a new project we are doing. We want to use WPF and I wanted to learn all of the modern UI design techniques available. Since I am fairly new to WPF I have been researching what is available. I think I have pretty much settled on using MVVM Light Toolkit (mainly because of its "Blendability" and the EventToCommand behavior!), but I wanted to incorporate IoC also. So, here is what I have come up with. I have modified the default ViewModelLocator class in a MVVM Light project to use a UnityContainer to handle dependency injections. Considering I didn't know what 90% of these terms meant 3 months ago, I think I'm on the right track. // Example of MVVM Light Toolkit ViewModelLocator class that implements Microsoft // Unity 2.0 Inversion of Control container to resolve ViewModel dependencies. using Microsoft.Practices.Unity; namespace MVVMLightUnityExample { public class ViewModelLocator { public static UnityContainer Container { get; set; } #region Constructors static ViewModelLocator() { if (Container == null) { Container = new UnityContainer(); // register all dependencies required by view models Container .RegisterType<IDialogService, ModalDialogService>(new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager()) .RegisterType<ILoggerService, LogFileService>(new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager()) ; } } /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the ViewModelLocator class. /// </summary> public ViewModelLocator() { ////if (ViewModelBase.IsInDesignModeStatic) ////{ //// // Create design time view models ////} ////else ////{ //// // Create run time view models ////} CreateMain(); } #endregion #region MainViewModel private static MainViewModel _main; /// <summary> /// Gets the Main property. /// </summary> public static MainViewModel MainStatic { get { if (_main == null) { CreateMain(); } return _main; } } /// <summary> /// Gets the Main property. /// </summary> [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Performance", "CA1822:MarkMembersAsStatic", Justification = "This non-static member is needed for data binding purposes.")] public MainViewModel Main { get { return MainStatic; } } /// <summary> /// Provides a deterministic way to delete the Main property. /// </summary> public static void ClearMain() { _main.Cleanup(); _main = null; } /// <summary> /// Provides a deterministic way to create the Main property. /// </summary> public static void CreateMain() { if (_main == null) { // allow Unity to resolve the view model and hold onto reference _main = Container.Resolve<MainViewModel>(); } } #endregion #region OrderViewModel // property to hold the order number (injected into OrderViewModel() constructor when resolved) public static string OrderToView { get; set; } /// <summary> /// Gets the OrderViewModel property. /// </summary> public static OrderViewModel OrderViewModelStatic { get { // allow Unity to resolve the view model // do not keep local reference to the instance resolved because we need a new instance // each time - the corresponding View is a UserControl that can be used multiple times // within a single window/view // pass current value of OrderToView parameter to constructor! return Container.Resolve<OrderViewModel>(new ParameterOverride("orderNumber", OrderToView)); } } /// <summary> /// Gets the OrderViewModel property. /// </summary> [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Performance", "CA1822:MarkMembersAsStatic", Justification = "This non-static member is needed for data binding purposes.")] public OrderViewModel Order { get { return OrderViewModelStatic; } } #endregion /// <summary> /// Cleans up all the resources. /// </summary> public static void Cleanup() { ClearMain(); Container = null; } } } And the MainViewModel class showing dependency injection usage: using GalaSoft.MvvmLight; using Microsoft.Practices.Unity; namespace MVVMLightUnityExample { public class MainViewModel : ViewModelBase { private IDialogService _dialogs; private ILoggerService _logger; /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the MainViewModel class. This default constructor calls the /// non-default constructor resolving the interfaces used by this view model. /// </summary> public MainViewModel() : this(ViewModelLocator.Container.Resolve<IDialogService>(), ViewModelLocator.Container.Resolve<ILoggerService>()) { if (IsInDesignMode) { // Code runs in Blend --> create design time data. } else { // Code runs "for real" } } /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the MainViewModel class. /// Interfaces are automatically resolved by the IoC container. /// </summary> /// <param name="dialogs">Interface to dialog service</param> /// <param name="logger">Interface to logger service</param> public MainViewModel(IDialogService dialogs, ILoggerService logger) { _dialogs = dialogs; _logger = logger; if (IsInDesignMode) { // Code runs in Blend --> create design time data. _dialogs.ShowMessage("Running in design-time mode!", "Injection Constructor", DialogButton.OK, DialogImage.Information); _logger.WriteLine("Running in design-time mode!"); } else { // Code runs "for real" _dialogs.ShowMessage("Running in run-time mode!", "Injection Constructor", DialogButton.OK, DialogImage.Information); _logger.WriteLine("Running in run-time mode!"); } } public override void Cleanup() { // Clean up if needed _dialogs = null; _logger = null; base.Cleanup(); } } } And the OrderViewModel class: using GalaSoft.MvvmLight; using Microsoft.Practices.Unity; namespace MVVMLightUnityExample { /// <summary> /// This class contains properties that a View can data bind to. /// <para> /// Use the <strong>mvvminpc</strong> snippet to add bindable properties to this ViewModel. /// </para> /// <para> /// You can also use Blend to data bind with the tool's support. /// </para> /// <para> /// See http://www.galasoft.ch/mvvm/getstarted /// </para> /// </summary> public class OrderViewModel : ViewModelBase { private const string testOrderNumber = "123456"; private Order _order; /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the OrderViewModel class. /// </summary> public OrderViewModel() : this(testOrderNumber) { } /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the OrderViewModel class. /// </summary> public OrderViewModel(string orderNumber) { if (IsInDesignMode) { // Code runs in Blend --> create design time data. _order = new Order(orderNumber, "My Company", "Our Address"); } else { _order = GetOrder(orderNumber); } } public override void Cleanup() { // Clean own resources if needed _order = null; base.Cleanup(); } } } And the code that could be used to display an order view for a specific order: public void ShowOrder(string orderNumber) { // pass the order number to show to ViewModelLocator to be injected //into the constructor of the OrderViewModel instance ViewModelLocator.OrderToShow = orderNumber; View.OrderView orderView = new View.OrderView(); } These examples have been stripped down to show only the IoC ideas. It took a lot of trial and error, searching the internet for examples, and finding out that the Unity 2.0 documentation is lacking (at best) to come up with this solution. Let me know if you think it could be improved.

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• Nested property binding

  - by EtherealMonkey

  Recently, I have been trying to wrap my mind around the BindingList<T> and INotifyPropertChanged. More specifically - How do I make a collection of objects (having objects as properties) which will allow me to subscribe to events throughout the tree? To that end, I have examined the code offered as examples by others. One such project that I downloaded was Nested Property Binding - CodeProject by "seesharper". Now, the article explains the implementation, but there was a question by "Someone@AnotherWorld" about "INotifyPropertyChanged in nested objects". His question was: Hi, nice stuff! But after a couple of time using your solution I realize the ObjectBindingSource ignores the PropertyChanged event of nested objects. E.g. I've got a class 'Foo' with two properties named 'Name' and 'Bar'. 'Name' is a string an 'Bar' reference an instance of class 'Bar', which has a 'Name' property of type string too and both classes implements INotifyPropertyChanged. With your binding source reading and writing with both properties ('Name' and 'Bar_Name') works fine but the PropertyChanged event works only for the 'Name' property, because the binding source listen only for events of 'Foo'. One workaround is to retrigger the PropertyChanged event in the appropriate class (here 'Foo'). What's very unclean! The other approach would be to extend ObjectBindingSource so that all owner of nested property which implements INotifyPropertyChanged get used for receive changes, but how? Thanks! I had asked about BindingList<T> yesterday and received a good answer from Aaronaught. In my question, I had a similar point as "Someone@AnotherWorld": if Keywords were to implement INotifyPropertyChanged, would changes be accessible to the BindingList through the ScannedImage object? To which Aaronaught's response was: No, they will not. BindingList only looks at the specific object in the list, it has no ability to scan all dependencies and monitor everything in the graph (nor would that always be a good idea, if it were possible). I understand Aaronaught's comment regarding this behavior not necessarily being a good idea. Additionally, his suggestion to have my bound object "relay" events on behalf of it's member objects works fine and is perfectly acceptable. For me, "re-triggering" the PropertyChanged event does not seem so unclean as "Someone@AnotherWorld" laments. I do understand why he protests - in the interest of loosely coupled objects. However, I believe that coupling between objects that are part of a composition is logical and not so undesirable as this may be in other scenarios. (I am a newb, so I could be waaayyy off base.) Anyway, in the interest of exploring an answer to the question by "Someone@AnotherWorld", I altered the MainForm.cs file of the example project from Nested Property Binding - CodeProject by "seesharper" to the following: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Core.ComponentModel; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace ObjectBindingSourceDemo { public partial class MainForm : Form { private readonly List<Customer> _customers = new List<Customer>(); private readonly List<Product> _products = new List<Product>(); private List<Order> orders; public MainForm() { InitializeComponent(); dataGridView1.AutoGenerateColumns = false; dataGridView2.AutoGenerateColumns = false; CreateData(); } private void CreateData() { _customers.Add( new Customer(1, "Jane Wilson", new Address("98104", "6657 Sand Pointe Lane", "Seattle", "USA"))); _customers.Add( new Customer(1, "Bill Smith", new Address("94109", "5725 Glaze Drive", "San Francisco", "USA"))); _customers.Add( new Customer(1, "Samantha Brown", null)); _products.Add(new Product(1, "Keyboard", 49.99)); _products.Add(new Product(2, "Mouse", 10.99)); _products.Add(new Product(3, "PC", 599.99)); _products.Add(new Product(4, "Monitor", 299.99)); _products.Add(new Product(5, "LapTop", 799.99)); _products.Add(new Product(6, "Harddisc", 89.99)); customerBindingSource.DataSource = _customers; productBindingSource.DataSource = _products; orders = new List<Order>(); orders.Add(new Order(1, DateTime.Now, _customers[0])); orders.Add(new Order(2, DateTime.Now, _customers[1])); orders.Add(new Order(3, DateTime.Now, _customers[2])); #region Added by me OrderLine orderLine1 = new OrderLine(_products[0], 1); OrderLine orderLine2 = new OrderLine(_products[1], 3); orderLine1.PropertyChanged += new PropertyChangedEventHandler(OrderLineChanged); orderLine2.PropertyChanged += new PropertyChangedEventHandler(OrderLineChanged); orders[0].OrderLines.Add(orderLine1); orders[0].OrderLines.Add(orderLine2); #endregion // Removed by me in lieu of region above. //orders[0].OrderLines.Add(new OrderLine(_products[0], 1)); //orders[0].OrderLines.Add(new OrderLine(_products[1], 3)); ordersBindingSource.DataSource = orders; } #region Added by me // Have to wait until the form is Shown to wire up the events // for orderDetailsBindingSource. Otherwise, they are triggered // during MainForm().InitializeComponent(). private void MainForm_Shown(object sender, EventArgs e) { orderDetailsBindingSource.AddingNew += new AddingNewEventHandler(orderDetailsBindSrc_AddingNew); orderDetailsBindingSource.CurrentItemChanged += new EventHandler(orderDetailsBindSrc_CurrentItemChanged); orderDetailsBindingSource.ListChanged += new ListChangedEventHandler(orderDetailsBindSrc_ListChanged); } private void orderDetailsBindSrc_AddingNew( object sender, AddingNewEventArgs e) { } private void orderDetailsBindSrc_CurrentItemChanged( object sender, EventArgs e) { } private void orderDetailsBindSrc_ListChanged( object sender, ListChangedEventArgs e) { ObjectBindingSource bindingSource = (ObjectBindingSource)sender; if (!(bindingSource.Current == null)) { // Unsure if GetType().ToString() is required b/c ToString() // *seems* // to return the same value. if (bindingSource.Current.GetType().ToString() == "ObjectBindingSourceDemo.OrderLine") { if (e.ListChangedType == ListChangedType.ItemAdded) { // I wish that I knew of a way to determine // if the 'PropertyChanged' delegate assignment is null. // I don't like the current test, but it seems to work. if (orders[ ordersBindingSource.Position].OrderLines[ e.NewIndex].Product == null) { orders[ ordersBindingSource.Position].OrderLines[ e.NewIndex].PropertyChanged += new PropertyChangedEventHandler( OrderLineChanged); } } if (e.ListChangedType == ListChangedType.ItemDeleted) { // Will throw exception when leaving // an OrderLine row with unitialized properties. // // I presume this is because the item // has already been 'disposed' of at this point. // *but* // Will it be actually be released from memory // if the delegate assignment for PropertyChanged // was never removed??? if (orders[ ordersBindingSource.Position].OrderLines[ e.NewIndex].Product != null) { orders[ ordersBindingSource.Position].OrderLines[ e.NewIndex].PropertyChanged -= new PropertyChangedEventHandler( OrderLineChanged); } } } } } private void OrderLineChanged(object sender, PropertyChangedEventArgs e) { MessageBox.Show(e.PropertyName, "Property Changed:"); } #endregion } } In the method private void orderDetailsBindSrc_ListChanged(object sender, ListChangedEventArgs e) I am able to hook up the PropertyChangedEventHandler to the OrderLine object as it is being created. However, I cannot seem to find a way to unhook the PropertyChangedEventHandler from the OrderLine object before it is being removed from the orders[i].OrderLines list. So, my questions are: Am I simply trying to do something that is very, very wrong here? Will the OrderLines object that I add the delegate assignments to ever be released from memory if the assignment is not removed? Is there a "sane" method of achieving this scenario? Also, note that this question is not specifically related to my prior. I have actually solved the issue which had prompted me to inquire before. However, I have reached a point with this particular topic of discovery where my curiosity has exceeded my patience - hopefully someone here can shed some light on this?

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• TreeViewItem - Use ControlTemplate and HierarchicalDataTemplate together

  - by CrownJ

  I'm using HierarchicalDataTemplate in my TreeView, and I wanted to also overwrite the default template for the TreeViewItem so that when an item is selected, it only highlights the text, not including the icon next to it. <TreeView.ItemTemplate> <HierarchicalDataTemplate ItemsSource="{Binding Children}"> <TreeViewItem Style="{StaticResource TreeViewItemStyle}" Header="{Binding DisplayText}" /> </HierarchicalDataTemplate> </TreeView.ItemTemplate> <TreeView.Resources> <Style x:Key="TreeViewItemFocusVisual"> <Setter Property="Control.Template"> <Setter.Value> <ControlTemplate> <Rectangle/> </ControlTemplate> </Setter.Value> </Setter> </Style> <Style x:Key="ExpandCollapseToggleStyle" TargetType="{x:Type ToggleButton}"> <Setter Property="Focusable" Value="False"/> <Setter Property="Width" Value="19"/> <Setter Property="Height" Value="13"/> <Setter Property="Template"> <Setter.Value> <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ToggleButton}"> <Border Width="19" Height="13" Background="Transparent"> <Border Width="9" Height="9" SnapsToDevicePixels="true" BorderBrush="#FF7898B5" BorderThickness="1" CornerRadius="1"> <Border.Background> <LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="1,1" StartPoint="0,0"> <GradientStop Color="White" Offset=".2"/> <GradientStop Color="#FFC0B7A6" Offset="1"/> </LinearGradientBrush> </Border.Background> <Path x:Name="ExpandPath" Fill="Black" Margin="1,1,1,1" Data="M 0 2 L 0 3 L 2 3 L 2 5 L 3 5 L 3 3 L 5 3 L 5 2 L 3 2 L 3 0 L 2 0 L 2 2 Z"/> </Border> </Border> <ControlTemplate.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsChecked" Value="True"> <Setter Property="Data" TargetName="ExpandPath" Value="M 0 2 L 0 3 L 5 3 L 5 2 Z"/> </Trigger> </ControlTemplate.Triggers> </ControlTemplate> </Setter.Value> </Setter> </Style> <Style x:Key="{x:Type TreeViewItem}" TargetType="{x:Type TreeViewItem}"> <Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent"/> <Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="{Binding HorizontalContentAlignment, RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type ItemsControl}}}"/> <Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="{Binding VerticalContentAlignment, RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type ItemsControl}}}"/> <Setter Property="Padding" Value="1,0,0,0"/> <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}}"/> <Setter Property="FocusVisualStyle" Value="{StaticResource TreeViewItemFocusVisual}"/> <Setter Property="Template"> <Setter.Value> <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type TreeViewItem}"> <Grid> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/> <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/> <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/> <RowDefinition/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <ToggleButton x:Name="Expander" Style="{StaticResource ExpandCollapseToggleStyle}" ClickMode="Press" IsChecked="{Binding IsExpanded, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"/> <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Grid.Column="1" > <Image Width="16" Height="16" Margin="3,0" Source="{Binding Path=ImageSource}" /> <Border x:Name="Bd" SnapsToDevicePixels="true" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Margin="0" Padding="0"> <ContentPresenter x:Name="PART_Header" HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}" SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}" ContentSource="Header"/> </Border> </StackPanel> <ItemsPresenter x:Name="ItemsHost" Grid.Column="1" Grid.ColumnSpan="2" Grid.Row="1"/> </Grid> <ControlTemplate.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsExpanded" Value="false"> <Setter Property="Visibility" TargetName="ItemsHost" Value="Collapsed"/> </Trigger> <Trigger Property="HasItems" Value="false"> <Setter Property="Visibility" TargetName="Expander" Value="Hidden"/> </Trigger> <Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="true"> <Setter Property="Background" TargetName="Bd" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.HighlightBrushKey}}"/> <Setter Property="Control.Foreground" TargetName="Bd" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.HighlightTextBrushKey}}"/> </Trigger> <MultiTrigger> <MultiTrigger.Conditions> <Condition Property="IsSelected" Value="true"/> <Condition Property="IsSelectionActive" Value="false"/> </MultiTrigger.Conditions> <Setter Property="Background" TargetName="Bd" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlBrushKey}}"/> <Setter Property="Control.Foreground" TargetName="Bd" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}}"/> </MultiTrigger> <Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false"> <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.GrayTextBrushKey}}"/> </Trigger> </ControlTemplate.Triggers> </ControlTemplate> </Setter.Value> </Setter> <Style.Triggers> <Trigger Property="VirtualizingStackPanel.IsVirtualizing" Value="true"> <Setter Property="ItemsPanel"> <Setter.Value> <ItemsPanelTemplate> <VirtualizingStackPanel/> </ItemsPanelTemplate> </Setter.Value> </Setter> </Trigger> </Style.Triggers> </Style> </TreeView.Resources> I couldn't find a way to use both the HierarchicalDataTemplate and ControlTemplate together so I can specify the ItemsSource and also change parts of the control's behavior. When I do the above code, it won't select the treeviewitem at all.

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• With a jquery modular dialog how do I stop the form values from persisting?

  - by stormist

  (Citing source at: http://jqueryui.com/demos/dialog/#modal-form) As an example, this works great but each time the form is subsequently opened the user entered values remain. How can I stop this behavior? (the form will be used multiple times on the same page. <style type="text/css"> body { font-size: 62.5%; } label, input { display:block; } input.text { margin-bottom:12px; width:95%; padding: .4em; } fieldset { padding:0; border:0; margin-top:25px; } h1 { font-size: 1.2em; margin: .6em 0; } div#users-contain { width: 350px; margin: 20px 0; } div#users-contain table { margin: 1em 0; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; } div#users-contain table td, div#users-contain table th { border: 1px solid #eee; padding: .6em 10px; text-align: left; } .ui-dialog .ui-state-error { padding: .3em; } .validateTips { border: 1px solid transparent; padding: 0.3em; } </style> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function() { // a workaround for a flaw in the demo system (http://dev.jqueryui.com/ticket/4375), ignore! $("#dialog").dialog("destroy"); var name = $("#name"), email = $("#email"), password = $("#password"), allFields = $([]).add(name).add(email).add(password), tips = $(".validateTips"); function updateTips(t) { tips .text(t) .addClass('ui-state-highlight'); setTimeout(function() { tips.removeClass('ui-state-highlight', 1500); }, 500); } function checkLength(o,n,min,max) { if ( o.val().length > max || o.val().length < min ) { o.addClass('ui-state-error'); updateTips("Length of " + n + " must be between "+min+" and "+max+"."); return false; } else { return true; } } function checkRegexp(o,regexp,n) { if ( !( regexp.test( o.val() ) ) ) { o.addClass('ui-state-error'); updateTips(n); return false; } else { return true; } } $("#dialog-form").dialog({ autoOpen: false, height: 300, width: 350, modal: true, buttons: { 'Create an account': function() { var bValid = true; allFields.removeClass('ui-state-error'); bValid = bValid && checkLength(name,"username",3,16); bValid = bValid && checkLength(email,"email",6,80); bValid = bValid && checkLength(password,"password",5,16); bValid = bValid && checkRegexp(name,/^[a-z]([0-9a-z_])+$/i,"Username may consist of a-z, 0-9, underscores, begin with a letter."); // From jquery.validate.js (by joern), contributed by Scott Gonzalez: http://projects.scottsplayground.com/email_address_validation/ bValid = bValid && checkRegexp(email,/^((([a-z]|\d|[!#\$%&'\*\+\-\/=\?\^_`{\|}~]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])+(\.([a-z]|\d|[!#\$%&'\*\+\-\/=\?\^_`{\|}~]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])+)*)|((\x22)((((\x20|\x09)*(\x0d\x0a))?(\x20|\x09)+)?(([\x01-\x08\x0b\x0c\x0e-\x1f\x7f]|\x21|[\x23-\x5b]|[\x5d-\x7e]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])|(\\([\x01-\x09\x0b\x0c\x0d-\x7f]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF]))))*(((\x20|\x09)*(\x0d\x0a))?(\x20|\x09)+)?(\x22)))@((([a-z]|\d|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])|(([a-z]|\d|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])([a-z]|\d|-|\.|_|~|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])*([a-z]|\d|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])))\.)+(([a-z]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])|(([a-z]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])([a-z]|\d|-|\.|_|~|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])*([a-z]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])))\.?$/i,"eg. [email protected]"); bValid = bValid && checkRegexp(password,/^([0-9a-zA-Z])+$/,"Password field only allow : a-z 0-9"); if (bValid) { $('#users tbody').append('<tr>' + '<td>' + name.val() + '</td>' + '<td>' + email.val() + '</td>' + '<td>' + password.val() + '</td>' + '</tr>'); $(this).dialog('close'); } }, Cancel: function() { $(this).dialog('close'); } }, close: function() { allFields.val('').removeClass('ui-state-error'); } }); $('#create-user') .button() .click(function() { $('#dialog-form').dialog('open'); }); }); </script> <div class="demo"> <div id="dialog-form" title="Create new user"> <p class="validateTips">All form fields are required.</p> <form> <fieldset> <label for="name">Name</label> <input type="text" name="name" id="name" class="text ui-widget-content ui-corner-all" /> <label for="email">Email</label> <input type="text" name="email" id="email" value="" class="text ui-widget-content ui-corner-all" /> <label for="password">Password</label> <input type="password" name="password" id="password" value="" class="text ui-widget-content ui-corner-all" /> </fieldset> </form> </div> <div id="users-contain" class="ui-widget"> <h1>Existing Users:</h1> <table id="users" class="ui-widget ui-widget-content"> <thead> <tr class="ui-widget-header "> <th>Name</th> <th>Email</th> <th>Password</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>John Doe</td> <td>[email protected]</td> <td>johndoe1</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <button id="create-user">Create new user</button> </div><!-- End demo --> <div class="demo-description"> <p>Use a modal dialog to require that the user enter data during a multi-step process. Embed form markup in the content area, set the <code>modal</code> option to true, and specify primary and secondary user actions with the <code>buttons</code> option.</p> </div><!-- End demo-description -->

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• UITableView not displaying parsed data

  - by Graeme

  I have a UITableView which is setup in Interface Builder and connected properly to its class in Xcode. I also have a "Importer" Class which downloads and parses an RSS feed and stores the information in an NSMutableArray. However I have verified the parsing is working properly (using breakpoints and NSlog) but no data is showing in the UITable View. Any ideas as to what the problem could be? I'm almost out of them. It's based on the XML performance Apple example. Here's the code for TableView.h: #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> #import "IncidentsImporter.h" @class SongDetailsController; @interface CurrentIncidentsTableViewController : UITableViewController <IncidentsImporterDelegate>{ NSMutableArray *incidents; SongDetailsController *detailController; UITableView *ctableView; IncidentsImporter *parser; } @property (nonatomic, retain) NSMutableArray *incidents; @property (nonatomic, retain, readonly) SongDetailsController *detailController; @property (nonatomic, retain) IncidentsImporter *parser; @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITableView *ctableView; // Called by the ParserChoiceViewController based on the selected parser type. - (void)beginParsing; @end And the code for .m: #import "CurrentIncidentsTableViewController.h" #import "SongDetailsController.h" #import "Incident.h" @implementation CurrentIncidentsTableViewController @synthesize ctableView, incidents, parser, detailController; #pragma mark - #pragma mark View lifecycle - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; self.parser = [[IncidentsImporter alloc] init]; parser.delegate = self; [parser start]; UIBarButtonItem *refreshButton = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemRefresh target:self action:@selector(beginParsing)]; self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = refreshButton; [refreshButton release]; // Uncomment the following line to preserve selection between presentations. //self.clearsSelectionOnViewWillAppear = NO; // Uncomment the following line to display an Edit button in the navigation bar for this view controller. // self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = self.editButtonItem; } - (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated { NSIndexPath *selectedRowIndexPath = [ctableView indexPathForSelectedRow]; if (selectedRowIndexPath != nil) { [ctableView deselectRowAtIndexPath:selectedRowIndexPath animated:NO]; } } // This method will be called repeatedly - once each time the user choses to parse. - (void)beginParsing { NSLog(@"Parsing has begun"); //self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem.enabled = NO; // Allocate the array for song storage, or empty the results of previous parses if (incidents == nil) { NSLog(@"Grabbing array"); self.incidents = [NSMutableArray array]; } else { [incidents removeAllObjects]; [ctableView reloadData]; } // Create the parser, set its delegate, and start it. self.parser = [[IncidentsImporter alloc] init]; parser.delegate = self; [parser start]; } /* - (void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated { [super viewDidAppear:animated]; } */ /* - (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated { [super viewWillDisappear:animated]; } */ /* - (void)viewDidDisappear:(BOOL)animated { [super viewDidDisappear:animated]; } */ - (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation { // Override to allow orientations other than the default portrait orientation. return YES; } #pragma mark - #pragma mark Table view data source - (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView { // Return the number of sections. return 1; } - (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section { // Return the number of rows in the section. return [incidents count]; } // Customize the appearance of table view cells. - (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { NSLog(@"Table Cell Sought"); static NSString *kCellIdentifier = @"MyCell"; UITableViewCell *cell = [ctableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:kCellIdentifier]; if (cell == nil) { cell = [[[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:kCellIdentifier] autorelease]; cell.textLabel.font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:14.0]; cell.accessoryType = UITableViewCellAccessoryDisclosureIndicator; } cell.textLabel.text = @"Test";//[[incidents objectAtIndex:indexPath.row] title]; return cell; } /* // Override to support conditional editing of the table view. - (BOOL)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView canEditRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { // Return NO if you do not want the specified item to be editable. return YES; } */ /* // Override to support editing the table view. - (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView commitEditingStyle:(UITableViewCellEditingStyle)editingStyle forRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { if (editingStyle == UITableViewCellEditingStyleDelete) { // Delete the row from the data source [tableView deleteRowsAtIndexPaths:[NSArray arrayWithObject:indexPath] withRowAnimation:YES]; } else if (editingStyle == UITableViewCellEditingStyleInsert) { // Create a new instance of the appropriate class, insert it into the array, and add a new row to the table view } } */ /* // Override to support rearranging the table view. - (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView moveRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)fromIndexPath toIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)toIndexPath { } */ /* // Override to support conditional rearranging of the table view. - (BOOL)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView canMoveRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { // Return NO if you do not want the item to be re-orderable. return YES; } */ #pragma mark - #pragma mark Table view delegate - (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { self.detailController.incident = [incidents objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; [self.navigationController pushViewController:self.detailController animated:YES]; } #pragma mark - #pragma mark Memory management - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview. [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; // Relinquish ownership any cached data, images, etc that aren't in use. } - (void)viewDidUnload { // Relinquish ownership of anything that can be recreated in viewDidLoad or on demand. // For example: self.myOutlet = nil; } - (void)parserDidEndParsingData:(IncidentsImporter *)parser { [ctableView reloadData]; self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem.enabled = YES; self.parser = nil; } - (void)parser:(IncidentsImporter *)parser didParseIncidents:(NSArray *)parsedIncidents { //[incidents addObjectsFromArray: parsedIncidents]; // Three scroll view properties are checked to keep the user interface smooth during parse. When new objects are delivered by the parser, the table view is reloaded to display them. If the table is reloaded while the user is scrolling, this can result in eratic behavior. dragging, tracking, and decelerating can be checked for this purpose. When the parser finishes, reloadData will be called in parserDidEndParsingData:, guaranteeing that all data will ultimately be displayed even if reloadData is not called in this method because of user interaction. if (!ctableView.dragging && !ctableView.tracking && !ctableView.decelerating) { self.title = [NSString stringWithFormat:NSLocalizedString(@"Top %d Songs", @"Top Songs format"), [parsedIncidents count]]; [ctableView reloadData]; } } - (void)parser:(IncidentsImporter *)parser didFailWithError:(NSError *)error { // handle errors as appropriate to your application... } - (void)dealloc { [super dealloc]; } @end

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• Simplemodal: four times on a page leads to extra "next" or "previous" button

  - by DDF

  We are experiencing a problem with each instance of the call to the simplemodal div class .basic-modal-content adding an extra next or previous button in the modal windows. We are using simplemodal in four places on a page using a common JS in the container (provided below) and a common CSS format for the modal windows. In one area we are using six "statements" in a window with a next and previous button. I would include a picture of the modal window but it's being disallowed by the system as I'm a first time poster to this forum. In the other three areas we are using three "biographies" in a similar window with the ability to see each of the three bios from each of modal windows. We are using a common Simplemodal JS script in the page which has the following code: <script> $(function() { $('a').each(function() { $(this).click(function() { $('#modal_' + this.id).modal({ overlayClose:true }); }); }); var num_divs = $('div.basic-modal-content').length; $('div.basic-modal-content').each(function(i) { /* if there is a previous div add a link to it */ if (i > 0) { /* get the ID for previous div */ var prev_id = $(this).prev('.basic-modal-content').attr('id'); /* add the link with click event */ $('<a href="#" class="simplemodal-container-prev"></a>') .click(function() { $.modal.close(); $('#' + prev_id).modal({overlayClose:true}); }) .appendTo($(this)); } /* if there is a next div add a link to it */ if (i < num_divs - 1) { /* get the ID for next div */ var next_id = $(this).next('.basic-modal-content').attr('id'); /* add the link with click event */ $('<a href="#" class="simplemodal-container-next"></a>') .click(function() { $.modal.close(); $('#' + next_id).modal({overlayClose:true}); }) .appendTo($(this)); } }); }); </script> and some CSS to create an image for each window that shows the progress bar through the ul/li list. The code to produce the above looks like this: <h1>Our HEADLINE</h1> <div id='basic-modal'> <ul> <li><a href='#' id='one'>TEXT 1</a></li> <li><a href='#' id='two'>TEXT 2</a></li> <li><a href='#' id='three'>TEXT 3</a></li> <li><a href='#' id='four'>TEXT 4</a></li> <li><a href='#' id='five'>TEXT 5</a></li> <li><a href='#' id='six'>TEXT 6</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="basic-modal-content" id="modal_one"> <img src="link to modal_one.png" alt="progress bar"/> <h3>headline text</h3> <p>body text</p> </div> <div class="basic-modal-content" id="modal_two"> <img src="link to modal_two.png" alt="progress bar"/> <h3>headline text</h3> <p>body text</p> </div> <div> ... other divs 3 4 and 5 </div> <div class="basic-modal-content" id="modal_six"> <img src="link to modal_six.png" alt="progress bar"/> <h3>headline text</h3> <p>body text</p> </div> </div> The ul/li structure works on the main page for the links. The modal windows allow one to browse through all of the six TEXTs. There is a common CSS style to the windows and a custom image in each of the modal windows derived from the "#modal_[number] img" CSS in the form of a progress bar. It should be noted that the first modal window in the first set of ul/li (the six) do not exhibit the extra previous button. Here is the relevant code from one of the three biographic links. You will note that the biographic links each have to have all three in this current configuration. <h4>Our HEADLINE</h4> <div class="bottom-widget-text"> <img src="picture" alt="not relevant to the simplemodal problem"/> <p>Read about person NUMBER 1 by clicking on the following link: <a href='#' id='seven' >Expand</a> </p> </div> <div class="basic-modal-content" id="modal_seven"> <img src="link to modal_seven.png" alt="portrait 1"/> <h3>headline text</h3> <p>BIOGRAPHY</p> </div> <div class="basic-modal-content" id="modal_eight"> <img src="link to modal_eight.png" alt="portrait 2"/> <h3>headline text</h3> <p>BIOGRAPHY</p> </div> <div class="basic-modal-content" id="modal_nine"> <img src="link to modal_nine.png" alt="portrait 3"/> <h3>headline text</h3> <p>BIOGRAPHY</p> </div> </div> Similarly the "biographies" open up from a different area of the page. The modal windows allow one to browse through all three of the BIOs. The bios use the SAME CSS style windows and a custom image in each of the modal windows derived from the "#modal_[number] img" CSS in the form of a portrait. Everything is working well except one thing: the first six windows have an extra next button that leads to an image of the close widow button only. Similarly, the BIOs pages have extra previous button that leads to the same "close button only" shown above. We want to maintain the same base CSS for the modal windows for this page. We want to keep the JS simple. The only behavior that is bad is the extra previous and next bottons that appear to be spurious. So is this a fix to the JS? Or do I have the instances of the modal windows too entangled? Perhaps there is a better method for having multiple instances of a simplemodal window on the same page? Or is the problem the "#" variable being common to each of the uses of the JS? Thanks in advance. DDF

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• Reflect.Emit Dynamic Type Memory Blowup

  - by Firestrand

  Using C# 3.5 I am trying to generate dynamic types at runtime using reflection emit. I used the Dynamic Query Library sample from Microsoft to create a class generator. Everything works, my problem is that 100 generated types inflate the memory usage by approximately 25MB. This is a completely unacceptable memory profile as eventually I want to support having several hundred thousand types generated in memory. Memory profiling shows that the memory is apparently being held by various System.Reflection.Emit types and methods though I can't figure out why. I haven't found others talking about this problem so I am hoping someone in this community either knows what I am doing wrong or if this is expected behavior. Contrived Example below: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.Reflection; using System.Reflection.Emit; namespace SmallRelfectExample { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { int typeCount = 100; int propCount = 100; Random rand = new Random(); Type dynType = null; for (int i = 0; i < typeCount; i++) { List<DynamicProperty> dpl = new List<DynamicProperty>(propCount); for (int j = 0; j < propCount; j++) { dpl.Add(new DynamicProperty("Key" + rand.Next().ToString(), typeof(String))); } SlimClassFactory scf = new SlimClassFactory(); dynType = scf.CreateDynamicClass(dpl.ToArray(), i); //Optionally do something with the type here } Console.WriteLine("SmallRelfectExample: {0} Types generated.", typeCount); Console.ReadLine(); } } public class SlimClassFactory { private readonly ModuleBuilder module; public SlimClassFactory() { AssemblyName name = new AssemblyName("DynamicClasses"); AssemblyBuilder assembly = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(name, AssemblyBuilderAccess.Run); module = assembly.DefineDynamicModule("Module"); } public Type CreateDynamicClass(DynamicProperty[] properties, int Id) { string typeName = "DynamicClass" + Id.ToString(); TypeBuilder tb = module.DefineType(typeName, TypeAttributes.Class | TypeAttributes.Public, typeof(DynamicClass)); FieldInfo[] fields = GenerateProperties(tb, properties); GenerateEquals(tb, fields); GenerateGetHashCode(tb, fields); Type result = tb.CreateType(); return result; } static FieldInfo[] GenerateProperties(TypeBuilder tb, DynamicProperty[] properties) { FieldInfo[] fields = new FieldBuilder[properties.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < properties.Length; i++) { DynamicProperty dp = properties[i]; FieldBuilder fb = tb.DefineField("_" + dp.Name, dp.Type, FieldAttributes.Private); PropertyBuilder pb = tb.DefineProperty(dp.Name, PropertyAttributes.HasDefault, dp.Type, null); MethodBuilder mbGet = tb.DefineMethod("get_" + dp.Name, MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.SpecialName | MethodAttributes.HideBySig, dp.Type, Type.EmptyTypes); ILGenerator genGet = mbGet.GetILGenerator(); genGet.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); genGet.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, fb); genGet.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); MethodBuilder mbSet = tb.DefineMethod("set_" + dp.Name, MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.SpecialName | MethodAttributes.HideBySig, null, new Type[] { dp.Type }); ILGenerator genSet = mbSet.GetILGenerator(); genSet.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); genSet.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1); genSet.Emit(OpCodes.Stfld, fb); genSet.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); pb.SetGetMethod(mbGet); pb.SetSetMethod(mbSet); fields[i] = fb; } return fields; } static void GenerateEquals(TypeBuilder tb, FieldInfo[] fields) { MethodBuilder mb = tb.DefineMethod("Equals", MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.ReuseSlot | MethodAttributes.Virtual | MethodAttributes.HideBySig, typeof(bool), new Type[] { typeof(object) }); ILGenerator gen = mb.GetILGenerator(); LocalBuilder other = gen.DeclareLocal(tb); Label next = gen.DefineLabel(); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Isinst, tb); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc, other); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc, other); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Brtrue_S, next); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); gen.MarkLabel(next); foreach (FieldInfo field in fields) { Type ft = field.FieldType; Type ct = typeof(EqualityComparer<>).MakeGenericType(ft); next = gen.DefineLabel(); gen.EmitCall(OpCodes.Call, ct.GetMethod("get_Default"), null); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, field); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc, other); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, field); gen.EmitCall(OpCodes.Callvirt, ct.GetMethod("Equals", new Type[] { ft, ft }), null); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Brtrue_S, next); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); gen.MarkLabel(next); } gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldc_I4_1); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); } static void GenerateGetHashCode(TypeBuilder tb, FieldInfo[] fields) { MethodBuilder mb = tb.DefineMethod("GetHashCode", MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.ReuseSlot | MethodAttributes.Virtual | MethodAttributes.HideBySig, typeof(int), Type.EmptyTypes); ILGenerator gen = mb.GetILGenerator(); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0); foreach (FieldInfo field in fields) { Type ft = field.FieldType; Type ct = typeof(EqualityComparer<>).MakeGenericType(ft); gen.EmitCall(OpCodes.Call, ct.GetMethod("get_Default"), null); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, field); gen.EmitCall(OpCodes.Callvirt, ct.GetMethod("GetHashCode", new Type[] { ft }), null); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Xor); } gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); } } public abstract class DynamicClass { public override string ToString() { PropertyInfo[] props = GetType().GetProperties(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.Append("{"); for (int i = 0; i < props.Length; i++) { if (i > 0) sb.Append(", "); sb.Append(props[i].Name); sb.Append("="); sb.Append(props[i].GetValue(this, null)); } sb.Append("}"); return sb.ToString(); } } public class DynamicProperty { private readonly string name; private readonly Type type; public DynamicProperty(string name, Type type) { if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("name"); if (type == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("type"); this.name = name; this.type = type; } public string Name { get { return name; } } public Type Type { get { return type; } } } }

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• Convert flyout menu to respond onclick vs mouseover

  - by Scott B

  The code below creates a nifty flyout menu action on a nested list item sequence. The client has called and wants the change the default behavior in which the flyouts are triggered by mouseover, so that you have to click to trigger a flyout. Ideally, I would just like to modify this code so that you click on a small icon (plus/minus) that sits to the right of the menu item if it has child menus. Can someone give me a bit of guidance on what bits I'd need to change to accomplish this? /* a few sniffs to circumvent known browser bugs */ var sUserAgent = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase(); var isIE=document.all?true:false; var isNS4=document.layers?true:false; var isOp=(sUserAgent.indexOf('opera')!=-1)?true:false; var isMac=(sUserAgent.indexOf('mac')!=-1)?true:false; var isMoz=(sUserAgent.indexOf('mozilla/5')!=-1&&sUserAgent.indexOf('opera')==-1&&sUserAgent.indexOf('msie')==-1)?true:false; var isNS6=(sUserAgent.indexOf('netscape6')!=-1&&sUserAgent.indexOf('opera')==-1&&sUserAgent.indexOf('msie')==-1)?true:false; var dom=document.getElementById?true:false; /* sets time until menus disappear in milliseconds */ var iMenuTimeout=1500; var aMenus=new Array; var oMenuTimeout; var iMainMenusLength=0; /* the following boolean controls the z-index property if needed */ /* if is only necessary if you have multiple mainMenus in one file that are overlapping */ /* set bSetZIndeces to true (either here or in the HTML) and the main menus will have a z-index set in descending order so that preceding ones can overlap */ /* the integer iStartZIndexAt controls z-index of the first main menu */ var bSetZIndeces=true; var iStartZIndexAt=1000; var aMainMenus=new Array; /* load up the submenus */ function loadMenus(){ if(!dom)return; var aLists=document.getElementsByTagName('ul'); for(var i=0;i<aLists.length;i++){ if(aLists[i].className=='navMenu')aMenus[aMenus.length]=aLists[i]; } var aAnchors=document.getElementsByTagName('a'); var aItems = new Array; for(var i=0;i<aAnchors.length;i++){ // if(aAnchors[i].className=='navItem')aItems[aItems.length] = aAnchors[i]; aItems[aItems.length] = aAnchors[i]; } var sMenuId=null; var oParentMenu=null; var aAllElements=document.body.getElementsByTagName("*"); if(isIE)aAllElements=document.body.all; /* loop through navItem and navMenus and dynamically assign their IDs */ /* each relies on it's parent's ID being set before it */ for(var i=0;i<aAllElements.length;i++){ if(aAllElements[i].className.indexOf('x8menus')!=-1){ /* load up main menus collection */ if(bSetZIndeces)aMainMenus[aMainMenus.length]=aAllElements[i]; } // if(aAllElements[i].className=='navItem'){ if(aAllElements[i].tagName=='A'){ oParentMenu = aAllElements[i].parentNode.parentNode; if(!oParentMenu.childMenus) oParentMenu.childMenus = new Array; oParentMenu.childMenus[oParentMenu.childMenus.length]=aAllElements[i]; if(aAllElements[i].id==''){ if(oParentMenu.className=='x8menus'){ aAllElements[i].id='navItem_'+iMainMenusLength; //alert(aAllElements[i].id); iMainMenusLength++; }else{ aAllElements[i].id=oParentMenu.id.replace('Menu','Item')+'.'+oParentMenu.childMenus.length; } } } else if(aAllElements[i].className=='navMenu'){ oParentItem = aAllElements[i].parentNode.firstChild; aAllElements[i].id = oParentItem.id.replace('Item','Menu'); } } /* dynamically set z-indeces of main menus so they won't underlap */ for(var i=aMainMenus.length-1;i>=0;i--){ aMainMenus[i].style.zIndex=iStartZIndexAt-i; } /* set menu item properties */ for(var i=0;i<aItems.length;i++){ sMenuId=aItems[i].id; sMenuId='navMenu_'+sMenuId.substring(8,sMenuId.lastIndexOf('.')); /* assign event handlers */ /* eval() used here to avoid syntax errors for function literals in Netscape 3 */ eval('aItems[i].onmouseover=function(){modClass(true,this,"activeItem");window.clearTimeout(oMenuTimeout);showMenu("'+sMenuId+'");};'); eval('aItems[i].onmouseout=function(){modClass(false,this,"activeItem");window.clearTimeout(oMenuTimeout);oMenuTimeout=window.setTimeout("hideMenu(\'all\')",iMenuTimeout);}'); eval('aItems[i].onfocus=function(){this.onmouseover();}'); eval('aItems[i].onblur=function(){this.onmouseout();}'); //aItems[i].addEventListener("keydown",function(){keyNav(this,event);},false); } var sCatId=0; var oItem; for(var i=0;i<aMenus.length;i++){ /* assign event handlers */ /* eval() used here to avoid syntax errors for function literals in Netscape 3 */ eval('aMenus[i].onmouseover=function(){window.clearTimeout(oMenuTimeout);}'); eval('aMenus[i].onmouseout=function(){window.clearTimeout(oMenuTimeout);oMenuTimeout=window.setTimeout("hideMenu(\'all\')",iMenuTimeout);}'); sCatId=aMenus[i].id; sCatId=sCatId.substring(8,sCatId.length); oItem=document.getElementById('navItem_'+sCatId); if(oItem){ if(!isOp && !(isMac && isIE) && oItem.parentNode)modClass(true,oItem.parentNode,"hasSubMenu"); else modClass(true,oItem,"hasSubMenu"); /* assign event handlers */ eval('oItem.onmouseover=function(){window.clearTimeout(oMenuTimeout);showMenu("navMenu_'+sCatId+'");}'); eval('oItem.onmouseout=function(){window.clearTimeout(oMenuTimeout);oMenuTimeout=window.clearTimeout(oMenuTimeout);oMenuTimeout=window.setTimeout(\'hideMenu("navMenu_'+sCatId+'")\',iMenuTimeout);}'); eval('oItem.onfocus=function(){window.clearTimeout(oMenuTimeout);showMenu("navMenu_'+sCatId+'");}'); eval('oItem.onblur=function(){window.clearTimeout(oMenuTimeout);oMenuTimeout=window.clearTimeout(oMenuTimeout);oMenuTimeout=window.setTimeout(\'hideMenu("navMenu_'+sCatId+'")\',iMenuTimeout);}'); //oItem.addEventListener("keydown",function(){keyNav(this,event);},false); } } } /* this will append the loadMenus function to any previously assigned window.onload event */ /* if you reassign this onload event, you'll need to include this or execute it after all the menus are loaded */ function newOnload(){ if(typeof previousOnload=='function')previousOnload(); loadMenus(); } var previousOnload; if(window.onload!=null)previousOnload=window.onload; window.onload=newOnload; /* show menu and hide all others except ancestors of the current menu */ function showMenu(sWhich){ var oWhich=document.getElementById(sWhich); if(!oWhich){ hideMenu('all'); return; } var aRootMenus=new Array; aRootMenus[0]=sWhich var sCurrentRoot=sWhich; var bHasParentMenu=false; if(sCurrentRoot.indexOf('.')!=-1){ bHasParentMenu=true; } /* make array of this menu and ancestors so we know which to leave exposed */ /* ex. from ID string "navMenu_12.3.7.4", extracts menu levels ["12.3.7.4", "12.3.7", "12.3", "12"] */ while(bHasParentMenu){ if(sCurrentRoot.indexOf('.')==-1)bHasParentMenu=false; aRootMenus[aRootMenus.length]=sCurrentRoot; sCurrentRoot=sCurrentRoot.substring(0,sCurrentRoot.lastIndexOf('.')); } for(var i=0;i<aMenus.length;i++){ var bIsRoot=false; for(var j=0;j<aRootMenus.length;j++){ var oThisItem=document.getElementById(aMenus[i].id.replace('navMenu_','navItem_')); if(aMenus[i].id==aRootMenus[j])bIsRoot=true; } if(bIsRoot && oThisItem)modClass(true,oThisItem,'hasSubMenuActive'); else modClass(false,oThisItem,'hasSubMenuActive'); if(!bIsRoot && aMenus[i].id!=sWhich)modClass(false,aMenus[i],'showMenu'); } modClass(true,oWhich,'showMenu'); var oItem=document.getElementById(sWhich.replace('navMenu_','navItem_')); if(oItem)modClass(true,oItem,'hasSubMenuActive'); } function hideMenu(sWhich){ if(sWhich=='all'){ /* loop backwards b/c WinIE6 has a bug with hiding display of an element when it's parent is already hidden */ for(var i=aMenus.length-1;i>=0;i--){ var oThisItem=document.getElementById(aMenus[i].id.replace('navMenu_','navItem_')); if(oThisItem)modClass(false,oThisItem,'hasSubMenuActive'); modClass(false,aMenus[i],'showMenu'); } }else{ var oWhich=document.getElementById(sWhich); if(oWhich)modClass(false,oWhich,'showMenu'); var oThisItem=document.getElementById(sWhich.replace('navMenu_','navItem_')); if(oThisItem)modClass(false,oThisItem,'hasSubMenuActive'); } } /* add or remove element className */ function modClass(bAdd,oElement,sClassName){ if(bAdd){/* add class */ if(oElement.className.indexOf(sClassName)==-1)oElement.className+=' '+sClassName; }else{/* remove class */ if(oElement.className.indexOf(sClassName)!=-1){ if(oElement.className.indexOf(' '+sClassName)!=-1)oElement.className=oElement.className.replace(' '+sClassName,''); else oElement.className=oElement.className.replace(sClassName,''); } } return oElement.className; /* return new className */ } //document.body.addEventListener("keydown",function(){keyNav(event);},true); function setBubble(oEvent){ oEvent.bubbles = true; } function keyNav(oElement,oEvent){ alert(oEvent.keyCode); window.status=oEvent.keyCode; return false; }

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• How do I get .NET to garbage collect aggressively?

  - by mmr

  I have an application that is used in image processing, and I find myself typically allocating arrays in the 4000x4000 ushort size, as well as the occasional float and the like. Currently, the .NET framework tends to crash in this app apparently randomly, almost always with an out of memory error. 32mb is not a huge declaration, but if .NET is fragmenting memory, then it's very possible that such large continuous allocations aren't behaving as expected. Is there a way to tell the garbage collector to be more aggressive, or to defrag memory (if that's the problem)? I realize that there's the GC.Collect and GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers calls, and I've sprinkled them pretty liberally through my code, but I'm still getting the errors. It may be because I'm calling dll routines that use native code a lot, but I'm not sure. I've gone over that C++ code, and make sure that any memory I declare I delete, but still I get these C# crashes, so I'm pretty sure it's not there. I wonder if the C++ calls could be interfering with the GC, making it leave behind memory because it once interacted with a native call-- is that possible? If so, can I turn that functionality off? EDIT: Here is some very specific code that will cause the crash. According to this SO question, I do not need to be disposing of the BitmapSource objects here. Here is the naive version, no GC.Collects in it. It generally crashes on iteration 4 to 10 of the undo procedure. This code replaces the constructor in a blank WPF project, since I'm using WPF. I do the wackiness with the bitmapsource because of the limitations I explained in my answer to @dthorpe below as well as the requirements listed in this SO question. public partial class Window1 : Window { public Window1() { InitializeComponent(); //Attempts to create an OOM crash //to do so, mimic minute croppings of an 'image' (ushort array), and then undoing the crops int theRows = 4000, currRows; int theColumns = 4000, currCols; int theMaxChange = 30; int i; List<ushort[]> theList = new List<ushort[]>();//the list of images in the undo/redo stack byte[] displayBuffer = null;//the buffer used as a bitmap source BitmapSource theSource = null; for (i = 0; i < theMaxChange; i++) { currRows = theRows - i; currCols = theColumns - i; theList.Add(new ushort[(theRows - i) * (theColumns - i)]); displayBuffer = new byte[theList[i].Length]; theSource = BitmapSource.Create(currCols, currRows, 96, 96, PixelFormats.Gray8, null, displayBuffer, (currCols * PixelFormats.Gray8.BitsPerPixel + 7) / 8); System.Console.WriteLine("Got to change " + i.ToString()); System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100); } //should get here. If not, then theMaxChange is too large. //Now, go back up the undo stack. for (i = theMaxChange - 1; i >= 0; i--) { displayBuffer = new byte[theList[i].Length]; theSource = BitmapSource.Create((theColumns - i), (theRows - i), 96, 96, PixelFormats.Gray8, null, displayBuffer, ((theColumns - i) * PixelFormats.Gray8.BitsPerPixel + 7) / 8); System.Console.WriteLine("Got to undo change " + i.ToString()); System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100); } } } Now, if I'm explicit in calling the garbage collector, I have to wrap the entire code in an outer loop to cause the OOM crash. For me, this tends to happen around x = 50 or so: public partial class Window1 : Window { public Window1() { InitializeComponent(); //Attempts to create an OOM crash //to do so, mimic minute croppings of an 'image' (ushort array), and then undoing the crops for (int x = 0; x < 1000; x++){ int theRows = 4000, currRows; int theColumns = 4000, currCols; int theMaxChange = 30; int i; List<ushort[]> theList = new List<ushort[]>();//the list of images in the undo/redo stack byte[] displayBuffer = null;//the buffer used as a bitmap source BitmapSource theSource = null; for (i = 0; i < theMaxChange; i++) { currRows = theRows - i; currCols = theColumns - i; theList.Add(new ushort[(theRows - i) * (theColumns - i)]); displayBuffer = new byte[theList[i].Length]; theSource = BitmapSource.Create(currCols, currRows, 96, 96, PixelFormats.Gray8, null, displayBuffer, (currCols * PixelFormats.Gray8.BitsPerPixel + 7) / 8); } //should get here. If not, then theMaxChange is too large. //Now, go back up the undo stack. for (i = theMaxChange - 1; i >= 0; i--) { displayBuffer = new byte[theList[i].Length]; theSource = BitmapSource.Create((theColumns - i), (theRows - i), 96, 96, PixelFormats.Gray8, null, displayBuffer, ((theColumns - i) * PixelFormats.Gray8.BitsPerPixel + 7) / 8); GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();//force gc to collect, because we're in scenario 2, lots of large random changes GC.Collect(); } System.Console.WriteLine("Got to changelist " + x.ToString()); System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100); } } } If I'm mishandling memory in either scenario, if there's something I should spot with a profiler, let me know. That's a pretty simple routine there. Unfortunately, it looks like @Kevin's answer is right-- this is a bug in .NET and how .NET handles objects larger than 85k. This situation strikes me as exceedingly strange; could Powerpoint be rewritten in .NET with this kind of limitation, or any of the other Office suite applications? 85k does not seem to me to be a whole lot of space, and I'd also think that any program that uses so-called 'large' allocations frequently would become unstable within a matter of days to weeks when using .NET. EDIT: It looks like Kevin is right, this is a limitation of .NET's GC. For those who don't want to follow the entire thread, .NET has four GC heaps: gen0, gen1, gen2, and LOH (Large Object Heap). Everything that's 85k or smaller goes on one of the first three heaps, depending on creation time (moved from gen0 to gen1 to gen2, etc). Objects larger than 85k get placed on the LOH. The LOH is never compacted, so eventually, allocations of the type I'm doing will eventually cause an OOM error as objects get scattered about that memory space. We've found that moving to .NET 4.0 does help the problem somewhat, delaying the exception, but not preventing it. To be honest, this feels a bit like the 640k barrier-- 85k ought to be enough for any user application (to paraphrase this video of a discussion of the GC in .NET). For the record, Java does not exhibit this behavior with its GC.

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• EKCalendar not added to iCal

  - by Alex75

  I have a strange behavior on my iPhone. I'm creating an application that uses calendar events (EventKit). The class that use is as follows: the .h one #import "GenericManager.h" #import <EventKit/EventKit.h> #define oneDay 60*60*24 #define oneHour 60*60 @protocol CalendarManagerDelegate; @interface CalendarManager : GenericManager /* * metodo che aggiunge un evento ad un calendario di nome Name nel giorno onDate. * L'evento da aggiungere viene recuperato tramite il dataSource che è quindi * OBBLIGATORIO (!= nil). * * Restituisce YES solo se il delegate è conforme al protocollo CalendarManagerDataSource. * NO altrimenti */ + (BOOL) addEventForCalendarWithName:(NSString *) name fromDate:(NSDate *)fromDate toDate: (NSDate *) toDate withDelegate:(id<CalendarManagerDelegate>) delegate; /* * metodo che aggiunge un evento per giorno compreso tra fromDate e toDate ad un * calendario di nome Name. L'evento da aggiungere viene recuperato tramite il dataSource * che è quindi OBBLIGATORIO (!= nil). * * Restituisce YES solo se il delegate è conforme al protocollo CalendarManagerDataSource. * NO altrimenti */ + (BOOL) addEventsForCalendarWithName:(NSString *) name fromDate:(NSDate *)fromDate toDate: (NSDate *) toDate withDelegate:(id<CalendarManagerDelegate>) delegate; @end @protocol CalendarManagerDelegate <NSObject> // viene inviato quando il calendario necessita informazioni sull' evento da aggiungere - (void) calendarManagerDidCreateEvent:(EKEvent *) event; @end the .m one // // CalendarManager.m // AppCampeggioSingolo // // Created by CreatiWeb Srl on 12/17/12. // Copyright (c) 2012 CreatiWeb Srl. All rights reserved. // #import "CalendarManager.h" #import "Commons.h" #import <objc/message.h> @interface CalendarManager () @end @implementation CalendarManager + (void)requestToEventStore:(EKEventStore *)eventStore delegate:(id)delegate fromDate:(NSDate *)fromDate toDate: (NSDate *) toDate name:(NSString *)name { if([eventStore respondsToSelector:@selector(requestAccessToEntityType:completion:)]) { // ios >= 6.0 [eventStore requestAccessToEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent completion:^(BOOL granted, NSError *error) { if (granted) { [self addEventForCalendarWithName:name fromDate: fromDate toDate: toDate inEventStore:eventStore withDelegate:delegate]; } else { } }]; } else if (class_getClassMethod([EKCalendar class], @selector(calendarIdentifier)) != nil) { // ios >= 5.0 && ios < 6.0 [self addEventForCalendarWithName:name fromDate:fromDate toDate:toDate inEventStore:eventStore withDelegate:delegate]; } else { // ios < 5.0 EKCalendar *myCalendar = [eventStore defaultCalendarForNewEvents]; EKEvent *event = [self generateEventForCalendar:myCalendar fromDate: fromDate toDate: toDate inEventStore:eventStore withDelegate:delegate]; [eventStore saveEvent:event span:EKSpanThisEvent error:nil]; } } /* * metodo che recupera l'identificativo del calendario associato all'app o nil se non è mai stato creato. */ + (NSString *) identifierForCalendarName: (NSString *) name { NSString * confFileName = [self pathForFile:kCurrentCalendarFileName]; NSDictionary *confCalendar = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithContentsOfFile:confFileName]; NSString *currentIdentifier = [confCalendar objectForKey:name]; return currentIdentifier; } /* * memorizza l'identifier del calendario */ + (void) saveCalendarIdentifier:(NSString *) identifier andName: (NSString *) name { if (identifier != nil) { NSString * confFileName = [self pathForFile:kCurrentCalendarFileName]; NSMutableDictionary *confCalendar = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithContentsOfFile:confFileName]; if (confCalendar == nil) { confCalendar = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithCapacity:1]; } [confCalendar setObject:identifier forKey:name]; [confCalendar writeToFile:confFileName atomically:YES]; } } + (EKCalendar *)getCalendarWithName:(NSString *)name inEventStore:(EKEventStore *)eventStore withLocalSource: (EKSource *)localSource forceCreation:(BOOL) force { EKCalendar *myCalendar; NSString *identifier = [self identifierForCalendarName:name]; if (force || identifier == nil) { NSLog(@"create new calendar"); if (class_getClassMethod([EKCalendar class], @selector(calendarForEntityType:eventStore:)) != nil) { // da ios 6.0 in avanti myCalendar = [EKCalendar calendarForEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent eventStore:eventStore]; } else { myCalendar = [EKCalendar calendarWithEventStore:eventStore]; } myCalendar.title = name; myCalendar.source = localSource; NSError *error = nil; BOOL result = [eventStore saveCalendar:myCalendar commit:YES error:&error]; if (result) { NSLog(@"Saved calendar %@ to event store. %@",myCalendar,eventStore); } else { NSLog(@"Error saving calendar: %@.", error); } [self saveCalendarIdentifier:myCalendar.calendarIdentifier andName:name]; } // You can also configure properties like the calendar color etc. The important part is to store the identifier for later use. On the other hand if you already have the identifier, you can just fetch the calendar: else { myCalendar = [eventStore calendarWithIdentifier:identifier]; NSLog(@"fetch an old-one = %@",myCalendar); } return myCalendar; } + (EKCalendar *)addEventForCalendarWithName: (NSString *) name fromDate:(NSDate *)fromDate toDate: (NSDate *) toDate inEventStore:(EKEventStore *)eventStore withDelegate: (id<CalendarManagerDelegate>) delegate { // da ios 5.0 in avanti EKCalendar *myCalendar; EKSource *localSource = nil; for (EKSource *source in eventStore.sources) { if (source.sourceType == EKSourceTypeLocal) { localSource = source; break; } } @synchronized(self) { myCalendar = [self getCalendarWithName:name inEventStore:eventStore withLocalSource:localSource forceCreation:NO]; if (myCalendar == nil) myCalendar = [self getCalendarWithName:name inEventStore:eventStore withLocalSource:localSource forceCreation:YES]; NSLog(@"End synchronized block %@",myCalendar); } EKEvent *event = [self generateEventForCalendar:myCalendar fromDate:fromDate toDate:toDate inEventStore:eventStore withDelegate:delegate]; [eventStore saveEvent:event span:EKSpanThisEvent error:nil]; return myCalendar; } + (EKEvent *) generateEventForCalendar: (EKCalendar *) calendar fromDate:(NSDate *)fromDate toDate: (NSDate *) toDate inEventStore:(EKEventStore *) eventStore withDelegate:(id<CalendarManagerDelegate>) delegate { EKEvent *event = [EKEvent eventWithEventStore:eventStore]; event.startDate=fromDate; event.endDate=toDate; [delegate calendarManagerDidCreateEvent:event]; [event setCalendar:calendar]; // ricerca dell'evento nel calendario, se ne trovo uno uguale non lo inserisco NSPredicate *predicate = [eventStore predicateForEventsWithStartDate:fromDate endDate:toDate calendars:[NSArray arrayWithObject:calendar]]; NSArray *matchEvents = [eventStore eventsMatchingPredicate:predicate]; if ([matchEvents count] > 0) { // ne ho trovati di gia' presenti, vediamo se uno e' quello che vogliamo inserire BOOL found = NO; for (EKEvent *fetchEvent in matchEvents) { if ([fetchEvent.title isEqualToString:event.title] && [fetchEvent.notes isEqualToString:event.notes]) { found = YES; break; } } if (found) { // esiste già e quindi non lo inserisco NSLog(@"OH NOOOOOO!!"); event = nil; } } return event; } #pragma mark - Public Methods + (BOOL) addEventForCalendarWithName:(NSString *) name fromDate:(NSDate *)fromDate toDate: (NSDate *) toDate withDelegate:(id<CalendarManagerDelegate>) delegate { BOOL retVal = YES; EKEventStore *eventStore=[[EKEventStore alloc] init]; if ([delegate conformsToProtocol:@protocol(CalendarManagerDelegate)]) { [self requestToEventStore:eventStore delegate:delegate fromDate:fromDate toDate: toDate name:name]; } else { retVal = NO; } return retVal; } + (BOOL) addEventsForCalendarWithName:(NSString *) name fromDate:(NSDate *)fromDate toDate: (NSDate *) toDate withDelegate:(id<CalendarManagerDelegate>) delegate { BOOL retVal = YES; NSDate *dateCursor = fromDate; EKEventStore *eventStore=[[EKEventStore alloc] init]; if ([delegate conformsToProtocol:@protocol(CalendarManagerDelegate)]) { while (retVal && ([dateCursor compare:toDate] == NSOrderedAscending)) { NSDate *finish = [dateCursor dateByAddingTimeInterval:oneDay]; [self requestToEventStore:eventStore delegate:delegate fromDate: dateCursor toDate: finish name:name]; dateCursor = [dateCursor dateByAddingTimeInterval:oneDay]; } } else { retVal = NO; } return retVal; } @end In practice, on my iphone I get the log: fetch an old-one = (null) 19/12/2012 11:33:09.520 AppCampeggioSingolo [730:8 b1b] create new calendar 19/12/2012 11:33:09.558 AppCampeggioSingolo [730:8 b1b] Saved calendar EKCalendar every time I add an event, then I look and I can not find it on iCal calendar event he added. On the iPhone of a friend of mine, however, everything is working correctly. I doubt that the problem stems from the code, but just do not understand what it could be. I searched all day yesterday and part of today on google but have not found anything yet. Any help will be greatly appreciated EDIT: I forgot the call wich is [CalendarManager addEventForCalendarWithName: @"myCalendar" fromDate:fromDate toDate: toDate withDelegate:self]; in the delegate method simply set title and notes of the event like this - (void) calendarManagerDidCreateEvent:(EKEvent *) event { event.title = @"the title"; event.notes = @"some notes"; }

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• Spring transactions not committing

  - by Clinton Bosch

  I am struggling to get my spring managed transactions to commit, could someone please spot what I have done wrong. All my tables are mysql InnonDB tables. My RemoteServiceServlet (GWT) is as follows: public class TrainTrackServiceImpl extends RemoteServiceServlet implements TrainTrackService { @Autowired private DAO dao; @Override public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException { super.init(config); WebApplicationContext ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getRequiredWebApplicationContext(config.getServletContext()); AutowireCapableBeanFactory beanFactory = ctx.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory(); beanFactory.autowireBean(this); } @Transactional(propagation= Propagation.REQUIRED, rollbackFor=Exception.class) public UserDTO createUser(String firstName, String lastName, String idNumber, String cellPhone, String email, int merchantId) { User user = new User(); user.setFirstName(firstName); user.setLastName(lastName); user.setIdNumber(idNumber); user.setCellphone(cellPhone); user.setEmail(email); user.setDateCreated(new Date()); Merchant merchant = (Merchant) dao.find(Merchant.class, merchantId); if (merchant != null) { user.setMerchant(merchant); } // Save the user. dao.saveOrUpdate(user); UserDTO dto = new UserDTO(); dto.id = user.getId(); dto.firstName = user.getFirstName(); dto.lastName = user.getLastName(); return dto; } The DAO is as follows: public class DAO extends HibernateDaoSupport { private String adminUsername; private String adminPassword; private String godUsername; private String godPassword; public String getAdminUsername() { return adminUsername; } public void setAdminUsername(String adminUsername) { this.adminUsername = adminUsername; } public String getAdminPassword() { return adminPassword; } public void setAdminPassword(String adminPassword) { this.adminPassword = adminPassword; } public String getGodUsername() { return godUsername; } public void setGodUsername(String godUsername) { this.godUsername = godUsername; } public String getGodPassword() { return godPassword; } public void setGodPassword(String godPassword) { this.godPassword = godPassword; } public void saveOrUpdate(ModelObject obj) { getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(obj); } And my applicationContext.xml is as follows: <context:annotation-config/> <context:component-scan base-package="za.co.xxx.traintrack.server"/> <!-- Application properties --> <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> <property name="locations"> <list> <value>file:${user.dir}/@propertiesFile@</value> </list> </property> </bean> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${connection.dialect}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.connection.username">${connection.username}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.connection.password">${connection.password}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.connection.url">${connection.url}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.connection.driver_class">${connection.driver.class}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${show.sql}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> <prop key="hibernate.c3p0.min_size">5</prop> <prop key="hibernate.c3p0.max_size">20</prop> <prop key="hibernate.c3p0.timeout">300</prop> <prop key="hibernate.c3p0.max_statements">50</prop> <prop key="hibernate.c3p0.idle_test_period">60</prop> </props> </property> <property name="annotatedClasses"> <list> <value>za.co.xxx.traintrack.server.model.Answer</value> <value>za.co.xxx.traintrack.server.model.Company</value> <value>za.co.xxx.traintrack.server.model.CompanyRegion</value> <value>za.co.xxx.traintrack.server.model.Merchant</value> <value>za.co.xxx.traintrack.server.model.Module</value> <value>za.co.xxx.traintrack.server.model.Question</value> <value>za.co.xxx.traintrack.server.model.User</value> <value>za.co.xxx.traintrack.server.model.CompletedModule</value> </list> </property> </bean> <bean id="dao" class="za.co.xxx.traintrack.server.DAO"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/> <property name="adminUsername" value="${admin.user.name}"/> <property name="adminPassword" value="${admin.user.password}"/> <property name="godUsername" value="${god.user.name}"/> <property name="godPassword" value="${god.user.password}"/> </bean> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory"> <ref local="sessionFactory"/> </property> </bean> <!-- enable the configuration of transactional behavior based on annotations --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> If I change the sessionFactory property to be autoCommit=true then my object does get persisited. <prop key="hibernate.connection.autocommit">true</prop>

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• MVC 3 Client Validation works intermittently

  - by Gutek

  I have MVC 3 version, System.Web.Mvc product version is: 3.0.20105.0 modified on 5th of Jan 2011 - i think that's the latest. I’ve notice that client validation is not working as it suppose in the application that we are creating, so I’ve made a quick test. I’ve created basic MVC 3 Application using Internet Application template. I’ve added Test Controller: using System.Web.Mvc; using MvcApplication3.Models; namespace MvcApplication3.Controllers { public class TestController : Controller { public ActionResult Index() { return View(); } public ActionResult Create() { Sample model = new Sample(); return View(model); } [HttpPost] public ActionResult Create(Sample model) { if(!ModelState.IsValid) { return View(); } return RedirectToAction("Display"); } public ActionResult Display() { Sample model = new Sample(); model.Age = 10; model.CardNumber = "1324234"; model.Email = "[email protected]"; model.Title = "hahah"; return View(model); } } } Model: using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations; namespace MvcApplication3.Models { public class Sample { [Required] public string Title { get; set; } [Required] public string Email { get; set; } [Required] [Range(4, 120, ErrorMessage = "Oi! Common!")] public short Age { get; set; } [Required] public string CardNumber { get; set; } } } And 3 views: Create: @model MvcApplication3.Models.Sample @{ ViewBag.Title = "Create"; Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml"; } <h2>Create</h2> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> @*@{ Html.EnableClientValidation(); }*@ @using (Html.BeginForm()) { @Html.ValidationSummary(false) <fieldset> <legend>Sample</legend> <div class="editor-label"> @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Title) </div> <div class="editor-field"> @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Title) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Title) </div> <div class="editor-label"> @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Email) </div> <div class="editor-field"> @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Email) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Email) </div> <div class="editor-label"> @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Age) </div> <div class="editor-field"> @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Age) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Age) </div> <div class="editor-label"> @Html.LabelFor(model => model.CardNumber) </div> <div class="editor-field"> @Html.EditorFor(model => model.CardNumber) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.CardNumber) </div> <p> <input type="submit" value="Create" /> </p> </fieldset> @*<fieldset> @Html.EditorForModel() <p> <input type="submit" value="Create" /> </p> </fieldset> *@ } <div> @Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index") </div> Display: @model MvcApplication3.Models.Sample @{ ViewBag.Title = "Display"; Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml"; } <h2>Display</h2> <fieldset> <legend>Sample</legend> <div class="display-label">Title</div> <div class="display-field">@Model.Title</div> <div class="display-label">Email</div> <div class="display-field">@Model.Email</div> <div class="display-label">Age</div> <div class="display-field">@Model.Age</div> <div class="display-label">CardNumber</div> <div class="display-field">@Model.CardNumber</div> </fieldset> <p> @Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index") </p> Index: @{ ViewBag.Title = "Index"; Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml"; } <h2>Index</h2> <p> @Html.ActionLink("Create", "Create") </p> <p> @Html.ActionLink("Display", "Display") </p> Everything is default here – Create Controller, AddView from controller action with model specified with proper scaffold template and using provided layout in sample application. When I will go to /Test/Create client validation in most cases works only for Title and Age fields, after clicking Create it works for all fields (create does not goes to server). However in some cases (after a build) Title validation is not working and Email is, or CardNumber or Title and CardNumber but Email is not. But never all validation is working before clicking Create. I’ve tried creating form with Html.EditorForModel as well as enforce client validation just before BeginForm: @{ Html.EnableClientValidation(); } I’m providing a source code for this sample on dropbox – as maybe our dev env is broken :/ I’ve done tests on IE 8 and Chrome 10 beta. Just in case, in web config validation scripts are enabled: <appSettings> <add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true"/> <add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true"/> </appSettings> So my questions are Is there a way to ensure that Client validation will work as it supposed to work and not intermittently? Is this a desired behavior and I'm missing something in configuration/implementation?

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• Referencing CDI producer method result in h:selectOneMenu

  - by user953217

  I have a named session scoped bean CustomerRegistration which has a named producer method getNewCustomer which returns a Customer object. There is also CustomerListProducer class which produces all customers as list from the database. On the selectCustomer.xhtml page the user is then able to select one of the customers and submit the selection to the application which then simply prints out the last name of the selected customer. Now this only works when I reference the selected customer on the facelets page via #{customerRegistration.newCustomer}. When I simply use #{newCustomer} then the output for the last name is null whenever I submit the form. What's going on here? Is this the expected behavior as according to chapter 7.1 Restriction upon bean instantion of JSR-299 spec? It says: ... However, if the application directly instantiates a bean class, instead of letting the container perform instantiation, the resulting instance is not managed by the container and is not a contextual instance as defined by Section 6.5.2, “Contextual instance of a bean”. Furthermore, the capabilities listed in Section 2.1, “Functionality provided by the container to the bean” will not be available to that particular instance. In a deployed application, it is the container that is responsible for instantiating beans and initializing their dependencies. ... Here's the code: Customer.java: @javax.persistence.Entity @Veto public class Customer implements Serializable, Entity { private static final long serialVersionUID = 122193054725297662L; @Column(name = "first_name") private String firstName; @Column(name = "last_name") private String lastName; @Id @GeneratedValue() private Long id; public String getFirstName() { return firstName; } public void setFirstName(String firstName) { this.firstName = firstName; } public String getLastName() { return lastName; } public void setLastName(String lastName) { this.lastName = lastName; } @Override public String toString() { return firstName + ", " + lastName; } @Override public Long getId() { return this.id; } } CustomerListProducer.java: @SessionScoped public class CustomerListProducer implements Serializable { @Inject private EntityManager em; private List<Customer> customers; @Inject @Category("helloworld_as7") Logger log; // @Named provides access the return value via the EL variable name // "members" in the UI (e.g., // Facelets or JSP view) @Produces @Named public List<Customer> getCustomers() { return customers; } public void onCustomerListChanged( @Observes(notifyObserver = Reception.IF_EXISTS) final Customer customer) { // retrieveAllCustomersOrderedByName(); log.info(customer.toString()); } @PostConstruct public void retrieveAllCustomersOrderedByName() { CriteriaBuilder cb = em.getCriteriaBuilder(); CriteriaQuery<Customer> criteria = cb.createQuery(Customer.class); Root<Customer> customer = criteria.from(Customer.class); // Swap criteria statements if you would like to try out type-safe // criteria queries, a new // feature in JPA 2.0 // criteria.select(member).orderBy(cb.asc(member.get(Member_.name))); criteria.select(customer).orderBy(cb.asc(customer.get("lastName"))); customers = em.createQuery(criteria).getResultList(); } } CustomerRegistration.java: @Named @SessionScoped public class CustomerRegistration implements Serializable { @Inject @Category("helloworld_as7") private Logger log; private Customer newCustomer; @Produces @Named public Customer getNewCustomer() { return newCustomer; } public void selected() { log.info("Customer " + newCustomer.getLastName() + " ausgewählt."); } @PostConstruct public void initNewCustomer() { newCustomer = new Customer(); } public void setNewCustomer(Customer newCustomer) { this.newCustomer = newCustomer; } } not working selectCustomer.xhtml: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:f="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" xmlns:h="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" xmlns:ui="http://java.sun.com/jsf/facelets"> <h:head> <title>Auswahl</title> </h:head> <h:body> <h:form> <h:selectOneMenu value="#{newCustomer}" converter="customerConverter"> <f:selectItems value="#{customers}" var="current" itemLabel="#{current.firstName}, #{current.lastName}" /> </h:selectOneMenu> <h:panelGroup id="auswahl"> <h:outputText value="#{newCustomer.lastName}" /> </h:panelGroup> <h:commandButton value="Klick" action="#{customerRegistration.selected}" /> </h:form> </h:body> </html> working selectCustomer.xhtml: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:f="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" xmlns:h="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" xmlns:ui="http://java.sun.com/jsf/facelets"> <h:head> <title>Auswahl</title> </h:head> <h:body> <h:form> <h:selectOneMenu value="#{customerRegistration.newCustomer}" converter="customerConverter"> <f:selectItems value="#{customers}" var="current" itemLabel="#{current.firstName}, #{current.lastName}" /> </h:selectOneMenu> <h:panelGroup id="auswahl"> <h:outputText value="#{newCustomer.lastName}" /> </h:panelGroup> <h:commandButton value="Klick" action="#{customerRegistration.selected}" /> </h:form> </h:body> </html> CustomerConverter.java: @SessionScoped @FacesConverter("customerConverter") public class CustomerConverter implements Converter, Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -6093400626095413322L; @Inject EntityManager entityManager; @Override public Object getAsObject(FacesContext context, UIComponent component, String value) { Long id = Long.valueOf(value); return entityManager.find(Customer.class, id); } @Override public String getAsString(FacesContext context, UIComponent component, Object value) { return ((Customer) value).getId().toString(); } }

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• Where to find xmoov port to C#? (to make Http Pseudo Streaming from c# app)

  - by Ole Jak

  So I found this beautifull script for FLV video format Http Pseudo Streaming but in is in PHP ( found on http://stream.xmoov.com/ ) So does any one know opensource translations or can translate such PHP code into C#? <?php /* xmoov-php 1.0 Development version 0.9.3 beta by: Eric Lorenzo Benjamin jr. webmaster (AT) xmoov (DOT) com originally inspired by Stefan Richter at flashcomguru.com bandwidth limiting by Terry streamingflvcom (AT) dedicatedmanagers (DOT) com This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License. For more information, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ For the full license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcode or send a letter to Creative Commons, 543 Howard Street, 5th Floor, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. */ // SCRIPT CONFIGURATION //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // MEDIA PATH // // you can configure these settings to point to video files outside the public html folder. //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // points to server root define('XMOOV_PATH_ROOT', ''); // points to the folder containing the video files. define('XMOOV_PATH_FILES', 'video/'); //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // SCRIPT BEHAVIOR //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ //set to TRUE to use bandwidth limiting. define('XMOOV_CONF_LIMIT_BANDWIDTH', TRUE); //set to FALSE to prohibit caching of video files. define('XMOOV_CONF_ALLOW_FILE_CACHE', FALSE); //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // BANDWIDTH SETTINGS // // these settings are only needed when using bandwidth limiting. // // bandwidth is limited my sending a limited amount of video data(XMOOV_BW_PACKET_SIZE), // in specified time intervals(XMOOV_BW_PACKET_INTERVAL). // avoid time intervals over 1.5 seconds for best results. // // you can also control bandwidth limiting via http command using your video player. // the function getBandwidthLimit($part) holds three preconfigured presets(low, mid, high), // which can be changed to meet your needs //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ //set how many kilobytes will be sent per time interval define('XMOOV_BW_PACKET_SIZE', 90); //set the time interval in which data packets will be sent in seconds. define('XMOOV_BW_PACKET_INTERVAL', 0.3); //set to TRUE to control bandwidth externally via http. define('XMOOV_CONF_ALLOW_DYNAMIC_BANDWIDTH', TRUE); //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // DYNAMIC BANDWIDTH CONTROL //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ function getBandwidthLimit($part) { switch($part) { case 'interval' : switch($_GET[XMOOV_GET_BANDWIDTH]) { case 'low' : return 1; break; case 'mid' : return 0.5; break; case 'high' : return 0.3; break; default : return XMOOV_BW_PACKET_INTERVAL; break; } break; case 'size' : switch($_GET[XMOOV_GET_BANDWIDTH]) { case 'low' : return 10; break; case 'mid' : return 40; break; case 'high' : return 90; break; default : return XMOOV_BW_PACKET_SIZE; break; } break; } } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // INCOMING GET VARIABLES CONFIGURATION // // use these settings to configure how video files, seek position and bandwidth settings are accessed by your player //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ define('XMOOV_GET_FILE', 'file'); define('XMOOV_GET_POSITION', 'position'); define('XMOOV_GET_AUTHENTICATION', 'key'); define('XMOOV_GET_BANDWIDTH', 'bw'); // END SCRIPT CONFIGURATION - do not change anything beyond this point if you do not know what you are doing //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // PROCESS FILE REQUEST //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ if(isset($_GET[XMOOV_GET_FILE]) && isset($_GET[XMOOV_GET_POSITION])) { // PROCESS VARIABLES # get seek position $seekPos = intval($_GET[XMOOV_GET_POSITION]); # get file name $fileName = htmlspecialchars($_GET[XMOOV_GET_FILE]); # assemble file path $file = XMOOV_PATH_ROOT . XMOOV_PATH_FILES . $fileName; # assemble packet interval $packet_interval = (XMOOV_CONF_ALLOW_DYNAMIC_BANDWIDTH && isset($_GET[XMOOV_GET_BANDWIDTH])) ? getBandwidthLimit('interval') : XMOOV_BW_PACKET_INTERVAL; # assemble packet size $packet_size = ((XMOOV_CONF_ALLOW_DYNAMIC_BANDWIDTH && isset($_GET[XMOOV_GET_BANDWIDTH])) ? getBandwidthLimit('size') : XMOOV_BW_PACKET_SIZE) * 1042; # security improved by by TRUI www.trui.net if (!file_exists($file)) { print('<b>ERROR:</b> xmoov-php could not find (' . $fileName . ') please check your settings.'); exit(); } if(file_exists($file) && strrchr($fileName, '.') == '.flv' && strlen($fileName) > 2 && !eregi(basename($_SERVER['PHP_SELF']), $fileName) && ereg('^[^./][^/]*$', $fileName)) { # stay clean @ob_end_clean(); @set_time_limit(0); # keep binary data safe set_magic_quotes_runtime(0); $fh = fopen($file, 'rb') or die ('<b>ERROR:</b> xmoov-php could not open (' . $fileName . ')'); $fileSize = filesize($file) - (($seekPos > 0) ? $seekPos + 1 : 0); // SEND HEADERS if(!XMOOV_CONF_ALLOW_FILE_CACHE) { # prohibit caching (different methods for different clients) session_cache_limiter("nocache"); header("Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT"); header("Last-Modified: " . gmdate("D, d M Y H:i:s") . " GMT"); header("Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0"); header("Pragma: no-cache"); } # content headers header("Content-Type: video/x-flv"); header("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=\"" . $fileName . "\""); header("Content-Length: " . $fileSize); # FLV file format header if($seekPos != 0) { print('FLV'); print(pack('C', 1)); print(pack('C', 1)); print(pack('N', 9)); print(pack('N', 9)); } # seek to requested file position fseek($fh, $seekPos); # output file while(!feof($fh)) { # use bandwidth limiting - by Terry if(XMOOV_CONF_LIMIT_BANDWIDTH) { # get start time list($usec, $sec) = explode(' ', microtime()); $time_start = ((float)$usec + (float)$sec); # output packet print(fread($fh, $packet_size)); # get end time list($usec, $sec) = explode(' ', microtime()); $time_stop = ((float)$usec + (float)$sec); # wait if output is slower than $packet_interval $time_difference = $time_stop - $time_start; # clean up @flush(); @ob_flush(); if($time_difference < (float)$packet_interval) { usleep((float)$packet_interval * 1000000 - (float)$time_difference * 1000000); } } else { # output file without bandwidth limiting print(fread($fh, filesize($file))); } } } } ?>

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• Many to Many delete in NHibernate two parents with common association

  - by Joshua Grippo

  I have 3 top level entities in my app: Circuit, Issue, Document Circuits can contain Documents and Issues can contain Documents. When I delete a Circuit, I want it to delete the documents associated with it, unless it is used by something else. I would like this same behavior with Issues. I have it working when the only association is in the same table in the db, but if it is in another table, then it fails due to foreign key constraints. ex 1(This will cascade properly, because there is only a foreign constraint from Circuit to Document) Document1 exists. Circuit1 exists and contains a reference to Document1. If I delete Circuit1 then it deletes Document1 with it. ex 2(This will cascade properly, because there is only a foreign constraint from Circuit to Document.) Document1 exists. Circuit1 exists and contains a reference to Document1. Circuit2 exists and contains a reference to Document1. If I delete Circuit1 then it is deleted, but Document1 is not deleted because Circuit2 exists. If I then delete Circuit2, then Document1 is deleted. ex 3(This will throw an error, because when it deletes the Circuit it sees that there are no other circuits that reference the document so it tries to delete the document. However it should not, because there is an Issue that has a foreign constraint to the document.) Document 1 exists. Circuit1 exists and contains a reference to Document1. Issue1 exists and contains a reference to Document1. If I delete Circuit1, then it fails, because it tries to delete Document1, but Issues1 still has a reference. DB: This think won't let upload an image, so here is the ERD to the DB: http://lh3.ggpht.com/_jZWhe7NXay8/TROJhOd7qlI/AAAAAAAAAGU/rkni3oEANvc/CircuitIssues.gif Model: public class Circuit { public virtual int CircuitID { get; set; } public virtual string CJON { get; set; } public virtual IList<Document> Documents { get; set; } } public class Issue { public virtual int IssueID { get; set; } public virtual string Summary { get; set; } public virtual IList<Model.Document> Documents { get; set; } } public class Document { public virtual int DocumentID { get; set; } public virtual string Data { get; set; } } Mapping Files: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <hibernate-mapping xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2" namespace="Model" assembly="Model"> <class name="Circuit" table="Circuit"> <id name="CircuitID"> <column name="CircuitID" not-null="true"/> <generator class="identity" /> </id> <property name="CJON" column="CJON" type="string" not-null="true"/> <bag name="Documents" table="CircuitDocument" cascade="save-update,delete-orphan"> <key column="CircuitID"/> <many-to-many class="Document"> <column name="DocumentID" not-null="true"/> </many-to-many> </bag> </class> </hibernate-mapping> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <hibernate-mapping xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2" namespace="Model" assembly="Model"> <class name="Issue" table="Issue"> <id name="IssueID"> <column name="IssueID" not-null="true"/> <generator class="identity" /> </id> <property name="Summary" column="Summary" type="string" not-null="true"/> <bag name="Documents" table="IssueDocument" cascade="save-update,delete-orphan"> <key column="IssueID"/> <many-to-many class="Document"> <column name="DocumentID" not-null="true"/> </many-to-many> </bag> </class> </hibernate-mapping> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <hibernate-mapping xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2" namespace="Model" assembly="Model"> <class name="Document" table="Document"> <id name="DocumentID"> <column name="DocumentID" not-null="true"/> <generator class="identity" /> </id> <property name="Data" column="Data" type="string" not-null="true"/> </class> </hibernate-mapping> Code: using (ISession session = sessionFactory.OpenSession()) { var doc = new Model.Document() { Data = "Doc" }; var circuit = new Model.Circuit() { CJON = "circ" }; circuit.Documents = new List<Model.Document>(new Model.Document[] { doc }); var issue = new Model.Issue() { Summary = "iss" }; issue.Documents = new List<Model.Document>(new Model.Document[] { doc }); session.Save(circuit); session.Save(issue); session.Flush(); } using (ISession session = sessionFactory.OpenSession()) { foreach (var item in session.CreateCriteria<Model.Circuit>().List<Model.Circuit>()) { session.Delete(item); } //this flush fails, because there is a reference to a child document from issue session.Flush(); foreach (var item in session.CreateCriteria<Model.Issue>().List<Model.Issue>()) { session.Delete(item); } session.Flush(); }

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• Little more help with writing a o buffer with libjpeg

  - by Richard Knop

  So I have managed to find another question discussing how to use the libjpeg to compress an image to jpeg. I have found this code which is supposed to work: Compressing IplImage to JPEG using libjpeg in OpenCV Here's the code (it compiles ok): /* This a custom destination manager for jpeglib that enables the use of memory to memory compression. See IJG documentation for details. */ typedef struct { struct jpeg_destination_mgr pub; /* base class */ JOCTET* buffer; /* buffer start address */ int bufsize; /* size of buffer */ size_t datasize; /* final size of compressed data */ int* outsize; /* user pointer to datasize */ int errcount; /* counts up write errors due to buffer overruns */ } memory_destination_mgr; typedef memory_destination_mgr* mem_dest_ptr; /* ------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* MEMORY DESTINATION INTERFACE METHODS */ /* ------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* This function is called by the library before any data gets written */ METHODDEF(void) init_destination (j_compress_ptr cinfo) { mem_dest_ptr dest = (mem_dest_ptr)cinfo->dest; dest->pub.next_output_byte = dest->buffer; /* set destination buffer */ dest->pub.free_in_buffer = dest->bufsize; /* input buffer size */ dest->datasize = 0; /* reset output size */ dest->errcount = 0; /* reset error count */ } /* This function is called by the library if the buffer fills up I just reset destination pointer and buffer size here. Note that this behavior, while preventing seg faults will lead to invalid output streams as data is over- written. */ METHODDEF(boolean) empty_output_buffer (j_compress_ptr cinfo) { mem_dest_ptr dest = (mem_dest_ptr)cinfo->dest; dest->pub.next_output_byte = dest->buffer; dest->pub.free_in_buffer = dest->bufsize; ++dest->errcount; /* need to increase error count */ return TRUE; } /* Usually the library wants to flush output here. I will calculate output buffer size here. Note that results become incorrect, once empty_output_buffer was called. This situation is notified by errcount. */ METHODDEF(void) term_destination (j_compress_ptr cinfo) { mem_dest_ptr dest = (mem_dest_ptr)cinfo->dest; dest->datasize = dest->bufsize - dest->pub.free_in_buffer; if (dest->outsize) *dest->outsize += (int)dest->datasize; } /* Override the default destination manager initialization provided by jpeglib. Since we want to use memory-to-memory compression, we need to use our own destination manager. */ GLOBAL(void) jpeg_memory_dest (j_compress_ptr cinfo, JOCTET* buffer, int bufsize, int* outsize) { mem_dest_ptr dest; /* first call for this instance - need to setup */ if (cinfo->dest == 0) { cinfo->dest = (struct jpeg_destination_mgr *) (*cinfo->mem->alloc_small) ((j_common_ptr) cinfo, JPOOL_PERMANENT, sizeof (memory_destination_mgr)); } dest = (mem_dest_ptr) cinfo->dest; dest->bufsize = bufsize; dest->buffer = buffer; dest->outsize = outsize; /* set method callbacks */ dest->pub.init_destination = init_destination; dest->pub.empty_output_buffer = empty_output_buffer; dest->pub.term_destination = term_destination; } /* ------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* MEMORY SOURCE INTERFACE METHODS */ /* ------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* Called before data is read */ METHODDEF(void) init_source (j_decompress_ptr dinfo) { /* nothing to do here, really. I mean. I'm not lazy or something, but... we're actually through here. */ } /* Called if the decoder wants some bytes that we cannot provide... */ METHODDEF(boolean) fill_input_buffer (j_decompress_ptr dinfo) { /* we can't do anything about this. This might happen if the provided buffer is either invalid with regards to its content or just a to small bufsize has been given. */ /* fail. */ return FALSE; } /* From IJG docs: "it's not clear that being smart is worth much trouble" So I save myself some trouble by ignoring this bit. */ METHODDEF(void) skip_input_data (j_decompress_ptr dinfo, INT32 num_bytes) { /* There might be more data to skip than available in buffer. This clearly is an error, so screw this mess. */ if ((size_t)num_bytes > dinfo->src->bytes_in_buffer) { dinfo->src->next_input_byte = 0; /* no buffer byte */ dinfo->src->bytes_in_buffer = 0; /* no input left */ } else { dinfo->src->next_input_byte += num_bytes; dinfo->src->bytes_in_buffer -= num_bytes; } } /* Finished with decompression */ METHODDEF(void) term_source (j_decompress_ptr dinfo) { /* Again. Absolute laziness. Nothing to do here. Boring. */ } GLOBAL(void) jpeg_memory_src (j_decompress_ptr dinfo, unsigned char* buffer, size_t size) { struct jpeg_source_mgr* src; /* first call for this instance - need to setup */ if (dinfo->src == 0) { dinfo->src = (struct jpeg_source_mgr *) (*dinfo->mem->alloc_small) ((j_common_ptr) dinfo, JPOOL_PERMANENT, sizeof (struct jpeg_source_mgr)); } src = dinfo->src; src->next_input_byte = buffer; src->bytes_in_buffer = size; src->init_source = init_source; src->fill_input_buffer = fill_input_buffer; src->skip_input_data = skip_input_data; src->term_source = term_source; /* IJG recommend to use their function - as I don't know **** about how to do better, I follow this recommendation */ src->resync_to_restart = jpeg_resync_to_restart; } All I need to do is replace the jpeg_stdio_dest in my program with this code: int numBytes = 0; //size of jpeg after compression char * storage = new char[150000]; //storage buffer JOCTET *jpgbuff = (JOCTET*)storage; //JOCTET pointer to buffer jpeg_memory_dest(&cinfo,jpgbuff,150000,&numBytes); So I need some help to incorporate the above four lines into this function which now works but writes to a file instead of a memory: int write_jpeg_file( char *filename ) { struct jpeg_compress_struct cinfo; struct jpeg_error_mgr jerr; /* this is a pointer to one row of image data */ JSAMPROW row_pointer[1]; FILE *outfile = fopen( filename, "wb" ); if ( !outfile ) { printf("Error opening output jpeg file %s\n!", filename ); return -1; } cinfo.err = jpeg_std_error( &jerr ); jpeg_create_compress(&cinfo); jpeg_stdio_dest(&cinfo, outfile); /* Setting the parameters of the output file here */ cinfo.image_width = width; cinfo.image_height = height; cinfo.input_components = bytes_per_pixel; cinfo.in_color_space = color_space; /* default compression parameters, we shouldn't be worried about these */ jpeg_set_defaults( &cinfo ); /* Now do the compression .. */ jpeg_start_compress( &cinfo, TRUE ); /* like reading a file, this time write one row at a time */ while( cinfo.next_scanline < cinfo.image_height ) { row_pointer[0] = &raw_image[ cinfo.next_scanline * cinfo.image_width * cinfo.input_components]; jpeg_write_scanlines( &cinfo, row_pointer, 1 ); } /* similar to read file, clean up after we're done compressing */ jpeg_finish_compress( &cinfo ); jpeg_destroy_compress( &cinfo ); fclose( outfile ); /* success code is 1! */ return 1; } Anybody could help me out a bit with it? I've tried meddling with it but I am not sure how to do it. I I just replace this line: jpeg_stdio_dest(&cinfo, outfile); It's not going to work. There is more stuff that needs to be changed a bit in that function and I am being a little lost from all those pointers and memory management.

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• Erroneous/Incorrect C2248 error using Visual Studio 2010

  - by Dylan Bourque

  I'm seeing what I believe to be an erroneous/incorrect compiler error using the Visual Studio 2010 compiler. I'm in the process of up-porting our codebase from Visual Studio 2005 and I ran across a construct that was building correctly before but now generates a C2248 compiler error. Obviously, the code snippet below has been generic-ized, but it is a compilable example of the scenario. The ObjectPtr<T> C++ template comes from our codebase and is the source of the error in question. What appears to be happening is that the compiler is generating a call to the copy constructor for ObjectPtr<T> when it shouldn't (see my comment block in the SomeContainer::Foo() method below). For this code construct, there is a public cast operator for SomeUsefulData * on ObjectPtr<SomeUsefulData> but it is not being chosen inside the true expression if the ?: operator. Instead, I get the two errors in the block quote below. Based on my knowledge of C++, this code should compile. Has anyone else seen this behavior? If not, can someone point me to a clarification of the compiler resolution rules that would explain why it's attempting to generate a copy of the object in this case? Thanks in advance, Dylan Bourque Visual Studio build output: c:\projects\objectptrtest\objectptrtest.cpp(177): error C2248: 'ObjectPtr::ObjectPtr' : cannot access private member declared in class 'ObjectPtr' with [ T=SomeUsefulData ] c:\projects\objectptrtest\objectptrtest.cpp(25) : see declaration of 'ObjectPtr::ObjectPtr' with [ T=SomeUsefulData ] c:\projects\objectptrtest\objectptrtest.cpp(177): error C2248: 'ObjectPtr::ObjectPtr' : cannot access private member declared in class 'ObjectPtr' with [ T=SomeUsefulData ] c:\projects\objectptrtest\objectptrtest.cpp(25) : see declaration of 'ObjectPtr::ObjectPtr' with [ T=SomeUsefulData ] Below is a minimal, compilable example of the scenario: #include <stdio.h> #include <tchar.h> template<class T> class ObjectPtr { public: ObjectPtr<T> (T* pObj = NULL, bool bShared = false) : m_pObject(pObj), m_bObjectShared(bShared) {} ~ObjectPtr<T> () { Detach(); } private: // private, unimplemented copy constructor and assignment operator // to guarantee that ObjectPtr<T> objects are not copied ObjectPtr<T> (const ObjectPtr<T>&); ObjectPtr<T>& operator = (const ObjectPtr<T>&); public: T * GetObject () { return m_pObject; } const T * GetObject () const { return m_pObject; } bool HasObject () const { return (GetObject()!=NULL); } bool IsObjectShared () const { return m_bObjectShared; } void ObjectShared (bool bShared) { m_bObjectShared = bShared; } bool IsNull () const { return !HasObject(); } void Attach (T* pObj, bool bShared = false) { Detach(); if (pObj != NULL) { m_pObject = pObj; m_bObjectShared = bShared; } } void Detach (T** ppObject = NULL) { if (ppObject != NULL) { *ppObject = m_pObject; m_pObject = NULL; m_bObjectShared = false; } else { if (HasObject()) { if (!IsObjectShared()) delete m_pObject; m_pObject = NULL; m_bObjectShared = false; } } } void Detach (bool bDeleteIfNotShared) { if (HasObject()) { if (bDeleteIfNotShared && !IsObjectShared()) delete m_pObject; m_pObject = NULL; m_bObjectShared = false; } } bool IsEqualTo (const T * pOther) const { return (GetObject() == pOther); } public: T * operator -> () { ASSERT(HasObject()); return m_pObject; } const T * operator -> () const { ASSERT(HasObject()); return m_pObject; } T & operator * () { ASSERT(HasObject()); return *m_pObject; } const T & operator * () const { ASSERT(HasObject()); return (const C &)(*m_pObject); } operator T * () { return m_pObject; } operator const T * () const { return m_pObject; } operator bool() const { return (m_pObject!=NULL); } ObjectPtr<T>& operator = (T * pObj) { Attach(pObj, false); return *this; } bool operator == (const T * pOther) const { return IsEqualTo(pOther); } bool operator == (T * pOther) const { return IsEqualTo(pOther); } bool operator != (const T * pOther) const { return !IsEqualTo(pOther); } bool operator != (T * pOther) const { return !IsEqualTo(pOther); } bool operator == (const ObjectPtr<T>& other) const { return IsEqualTo(other.GetObject()); } bool operator != (const ObjectPtr<T>& other) const { return !IsEqualTo(other.GetObject()); } bool operator == (int pv) const { return (pv==NULL)? IsNull() : (LPVOID(m_pObject)==LPVOID(pv)); } bool operator != (int pv) const { return !(*this == pv); } private: T * m_pObject; bool m_bObjectShared; }; // Some concrete type that holds useful data class SomeUsefulData { public: SomeUsefulData () {} ~SomeUsefulData () {} }; // Some concrete type that holds a heap-allocated instance of // SomeUsefulData class SomeContainer { public: SomeContainer (SomeUsefulData* pUsefulData) { m_pData = pUsefulData; } ~SomeContainer () { // nothing to do here } public: bool EvaluateSomeCondition () { // fake condition check to give us an expression // to use in ?: operator below return true; } SomeUsefulData* Foo () { // this usage of the ?: operator generates a C2248 // error b/c it's attempting to call the copy // constructor on ObjectPtr<T> return EvaluateSomeCondition() ? m_pData : NULL; /**********[ DISCUSSION ]********** The following equivalent constructs compile w/out error and behave correctly: (1) explicit cast to SomeUsefulData* as a comiler hint return EvaluateSomeCondition() ? (SomeUsefulData *)m_pData : NULL; (2) if/else instead of ?: if (EvaluateSomeCondition()) return m_pData; else return NULL; (3) skip the condition check and return m_pData as a SomeUsefulData* directly return m_pData; **********[ END DISCUSSION ]**********/ } private: ObjectPtr<SomeUsefulData> m_pData; }; int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { return 0; }

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• An Introduction to jQuery Templates

  - by Stephen Walther

  The goal of this blog entry is to provide you with enough information to start working with jQuery Templates. jQuery Templates enable you to display and manipulate data in the browser. For example, you can use jQuery Templates to format and display a set of database records that you have retrieved with an Ajax call. jQuery Templates supports a number of powerful features such as template tags, template composition, and wrapped templates. I’ll concentrate on the features that I think that you will find most useful. In order to focus on the jQuery Templates feature itself, this blog entry is server technology agnostic. All the samples use HTML pages instead of ASP.NET pages. In a future blog entry, I’ll focus on using jQuery Templates with ASP.NET Web Forms and ASP.NET MVC (You can do some pretty powerful things when jQuery Templates are used on the client and ASP.NET is used on the server). Introduction to jQuery Templates The jQuery Templates plugin was developed by the Microsoft ASP.NET team in collaboration with the open-source jQuery team. While working at Microsoft, I wrote the original proposal for jQuery Templates, Dave Reed wrote the original code, and Boris Moore wrote the final code. The jQuery team – especially John Resig – was very involved in each step of the process. Both the jQuery community and ASP.NET communities were very active in providing feedback. jQuery Templates will be included in the jQuery core library (the jQuery.js library) when jQuery 1.5 is released. Until jQuery 1.5 is released, you can download the jQuery Templates plugin from the jQuery Source Code Repository or you can use jQuery Templates directly from the ASP.NET CDN. The documentation for jQuery Templates is already included with the official jQuery documentation at http://api.jQuery.com. The main entry for jQuery templates is located under the topic plugins/templates. A Basic Sample of jQuery Templates Let’s start with a really simple sample of using jQuery Templates. We’ll use the plugin to display a list of books stored in a JavaScript array. Here’s the complete code: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html > <head> <title>Intro</title> <link href="0_Site.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <div id="pageContent"> <h1>ASP.NET Bookstore</h1> <div id="bookContainer"></div> </div> <script id="bookTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <div> <img src="BookPictures/${picture}" alt="" /> <h2>${title}</h2> price: ${formatPrice(price)} </div> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> // Create an array of books var books = [ { title: "ASP.NET 4 Unleashed", price: 37.79, picture: "AspNet4Unleashed.jpg" }, { title: "ASP.NET MVC Unleashed", price: 44.99, picture: "AspNetMvcUnleashed.jpg" }, { title: "ASP.NET Kick Start", price: 4.00, picture: "AspNetKickStart.jpg" }, { title: "ASP.NET MVC Unleashed iPhone", price: 44.99, picture: "AspNetMvcUnleashedIPhone.jpg" }, ]; // Render the books using the template $("#bookTemplate").tmpl(books).appendTo("#bookContainer"); function formatPrice(price) { return "$" + price.toFixed(2); } </script> </body> </html> When you open this page in a browser, a list of books is displayed: There are several things going on in this page which require explanation. First, notice that the page uses both the jQuery 1.4.4 and jQuery Templates libraries. Both libraries are retrieved from the ASP.NET CDN: <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.js"></script> You can use the ASP.NET CDN for free (even for production websites). You can learn more about the files included on the ASP.NET CDN by visiting the ASP.NET CDN documentation page. Second, you should notice that the actual template is included in a script tag with a special MIME type: <script id="bookTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <div> <img src="BookPictures/${picture}" alt="" /> <h2>${title}</h2> price: ${formatPrice(price)} </div> </script> This template is displayed for each of the books rendered by the template. The template displays a book picture, title, and price. Notice that the SCRIPT tag which wraps the template has a MIME type of text/x-jQuery-tmpl. Why is the template wrapped in a SCRIPT tag and why the strange MIME type? When a browser encounters a SCRIPT tag with an unknown MIME type, it ignores the content of the tag. This is the behavior that you want with a template. You don’t want a browser to attempt to parse the contents of a template because this might cause side effects. For example, the template above includes an <img> tag with a src attribute that points at “BookPictures/${picture}”. You don’t want the browser to attempt to load an image at the URL “BookPictures/${picture}”. Instead, you want to prevent the browser from processing the IMG tag until the ${picture} expression is replaced by with the actual name of an image by the jQuery Templates plugin. If you are not worried about browser side-effects then you can wrap a template inside any HTML tag that you please. For example, the following DIV tag would also work with the jQuery Templates plugin: <div id="bookTemplate" style="display:none"> <div> <h2>${title}</h2> price: ${formatPrice(price)} </div> </div> Notice that the DIV tag includes a style=”display:none” attribute to prevent the template from being displayed until the template is parsed by the jQuery Templates plugin. Third, notice that the expression ${…} is used to display the value of a JavaScript expression within a template. For example, the expression ${title} is used to display the value of the book title property. You can use any JavaScript function that you please within the ${…} expression. For example, in the template above, the book price is formatted with the help of the custom JavaScript formatPrice() function which is defined lower in the page. Fourth, and finally, the template is rendered with the help of the tmpl() method. The following statement selects the bookTemplate and renders an array of books using the bookTemplate. The results are appended to a DIV element named bookContainer by using the standard jQuery appendTo() method. $("#bookTemplate").tmpl(books).appendTo("#bookContainer"); Using Template Tags Within a template, you can use any of the following template tags. {{tmpl}} – Used for template composition. See the section below. {{wrap}} – Used for wrapped templates. See the section below. {{each}} – Used to iterate through a collection. {{if}} – Used to conditionally display template content. {{else}} – Used with {{if}} to conditionally display template content. {{html}} – Used to display the value of an HTML expression without encoding the value. Using ${…} or {{= }} performs HTML encoding automatically. {{= }}-- Used in exactly the same way as ${…}. {{! }} – Used for displaying comments. The contents of a {{!...}} tag are ignored. For example, imagine that you want to display a list of blog entries. Each blog entry could, possibly, have an associated list of categories. The following page illustrates how you can use the { if}} and {{each}} template tags to conditionally display categories for each blog entry:   <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>each</title> <link href="1_Site.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <div id="blogPostContainer"></div> <script id="blogPostTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <h1>${postTitle}</h1> <p> ${postEntry} </p> {{if categories}} Categories: {{each categories}} <i>${$value}</i> {{/each}} {{else}} Uncategorized {{/if}} </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var blogPosts = [ { postTitle: "How to fix a sink plunger in 5 minutes", postEntry: "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna.", categories: ["HowTo", "Sinks", "Plumbing"] }, { postTitle: "How to remove a broken lightbulb", postEntry: "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna.", categories: ["HowTo", "Lightbulbs", "Electricity"] }, { postTitle: "New associate website", postEntry: "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna." } ]; // Render the blog posts $("#blogPostTemplate").tmpl(blogPosts).appendTo("#blogPostContainer"); </script> </body> </html> When this page is opened in a web browser, the following list of blog posts and categories is displayed: Notice that the first and second blog entries have associated categories but the third blog entry does not. The third blog entry is “Uncategorized”. The template used to render the blog entries and categories looks like this: <script id="blogPostTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <h1>${postTitle}</h1> <p> ${postEntry} </p> {{if categories}} Categories: {{each categories}} <i>${$value}</i> {{/each}} {{else}} Uncategorized {{/if}} </script> Notice the special expression $value used within the {{each}} template tag. You can use $value to display the value of the current template item. In this case, $value is used to display the value of each category in the collection of categories. Template Composition When building a fancy page, you might want to build a template out of multiple templates. In other words, you might want to take advantage of template composition. For example, imagine that you want to display a list of products. Some of the products are being sold at their normal price and some of the products are on sale. In that case, you might want to use two different templates for displaying a product: a productTemplate and a productOnSaleTemplate. The following page illustrates how you can use the {{tmpl}} tag to build a template from multiple templates:   <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Composition</title> <link href="2_Site.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <div id="pageContainer"> <h1>Products</h1> <div id="productListContainer"></div> <!-- Show list of products using composition --> <script id="productListTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <div> {{if onSale}} {{tmpl "#productOnSaleTemplate"}} {{else}} {{tmpl "#productTemplate"}} {{/if}} </div> </script> <!-- Show product --> <script id="productTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> ${name} </script> <!-- Show product on sale --> <script id="productOnSaleTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <b>${name}</b> <img src="images/on_sale.png" alt="On Sale" /> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var products = [ { name: "Laptop", onSale: false }, { name: "Apples", onSale: true }, { name: "Comb", onSale: false } ]; $("#productListTemplate").tmpl(products).appendTo("#productListContainer"); </script> </div> </body> </html>   In the page above, the main template used to display the list of products looks like this: <script id="productListTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <div> {{if onSale}} {{tmpl "#productOnSaleTemplate"}} {{else}} {{tmpl "#productTemplate"}} {{/if}} </div> </script>   If a product is on sale then the product is displayed with the productOnSaleTemplate (which includes an on sale image): <script id="productOnSaleTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <b>${name}</b> <img src="images/on_sale.png" alt="On Sale" /> </script>   Otherwise, the product is displayed with the normal productTemplate (which does not include the on sale image): <script id="productTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> ${name} </script>   You can pass a parameter to the {{tmpl}} tag. The parameter becomes the data passed to the template rendered by the {{tmpl}} tag. For example, in the previous section, we used the {{each}} template tag to display a list of categories for each blog entry like this: <script id="blogPostTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <h1>${postTitle}</h1> <p> ${postEntry} </p> {{if categories}} Categories: {{each categories}} <i>${$value}</i> {{/each}} {{else}} Uncategorized {{/if}} </script>   Another way to create this template is to use template composition like this: <script id="blogPostTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <h1>${postTitle}</h1> <p> ${postEntry} </p> {{if categories}} Categories: {{tmpl(categories) "#categoryTemplate"}} {{else}} Uncategorized {{/if}} </script> <script id="categoryTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <i>${$data}</i> &nbsp; </script>   Using the {{each}} tag or {{tmpl}} tag is largely a matter of personal preference. Wrapped Templates The {{wrap}} template tag enables you to take a chunk of HTML and transform the HTML into another chunk of HTML (think easy XSLT). When you use the {{wrap}} tag, you work with two templates. The first template contains the HTML being transformed and the second template includes the filter expressions for transforming the HTML. For example, you can use the {{wrap}} template tag to transform a chunk of HTML into an interactive tab strip: When you click any of the tabs, you see the corresponding content. This tab strip was created with the following page: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Wrapped Templates</title> <style type="text/css"> body { font-family: Arial; background-color:black; } .tabs div { display:inline-block; border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding:4px; background-color:gray; cursor:pointer; } .tabs div.tabState_true { background-color:white; border-bottom:1px solid white; } .tabBody { border-top:1px solid white; padding:10px; background-color:white; min-height:400px; width:400px; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="tabsView"></div> <script id="tabsContent" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl"> {{wrap "#tabsWrap"}} <h3>Tab 1</h3> <div> Content of tab 1. Lorem ipsum dolor <b>sit</b> amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna. </div> <h3>Tab 2</h3> <div> Content of tab 2. Lorem ipsum dolor <b>sit</b> amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna. </div> <h3>Tab 3</h3> <div> Content of tab 3. Lorem ipsum dolor <b>sit</b> amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna. </div> {{/wrap}} </script> <script id="tabsWrap" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl"> <div class="tabs"> {{each $item.html("h3", true)}} <div class="tabState_${$index === selectedTabIndex}"> ${$value} </div> {{/each}} </div> <div class="tabBody"> {{html $item.html("div")[selectedTabIndex]}} </div> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> // Global for tracking selected tab var selectedTabIndex = 0; // Render the tab strip $("#tabsContent").tmpl().appendTo("#tabsView"); // When a tab is clicked, update the tab strip $("#tabsView") .delegate(".tabState_false", "click", function () { var templateItem = $.tmplItem(this); selectedTabIndex = $(this).index(); templateItem.update(); }); </script> </body> </html>   The “source” for the tab strip is contained in the following template: <script id="tabsContent" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl"> {{wrap "#tabsWrap"}} <h3>Tab 1</h3> <div> Content of tab 1. Lorem ipsum dolor <b>sit</b> amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna. </div> <h3>Tab 2</h3> <div> Content of tab 2. Lorem ipsum dolor <b>sit</b> amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna. </div> <h3>Tab 3</h3> <div> Content of tab 3. Lorem ipsum dolor <b>sit</b> amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna. </div> {{/wrap}} </script>   The tab strip is created with a list of H3 elements (which represent each tab) and DIV elements (which represent the body of each tab). Notice that the HTML content is wrapped in the {{wrap}} template tag. This template tag points at the following tabsWrap template: <script id="tabsWrap" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl"> <div class="tabs"> {{each $item.html("h3", true)}} <div class="tabState_${$index === selectedTabIndex}"> ${$value} </div> {{/each}} </div> <div class="tabBody"> {{html $item.html("div")[selectedTabIndex]}} </div> </script> The tabs DIV contains all of the tabs. The {{each}} template tag is used to loop through each of the H3 elements from the source template and render a DIV tag that represents a particular tab. The template item html() method is used to filter content from the “source” HTML template. The html() method accepts a jQuery selector for its first parameter. The tabs are retrieved from the source template by using an h3 filter. The second parameter passed to the html() method – the textOnly parameter -- causes the filter to return the inner text of each h3 element. You can learn more about the html() method at the jQuery website (see the section on $item.html()). The tabBody DIV renders the body of the selected tab. Notice that the {{html}} template tag is used to display the tab body so that HTML content in the body won’t be HTML encoded. The html() method is used, once again, to grab all of the DIV elements from the source HTML template. The selectedTabIndex global variable is used to display the contents of the selected tab. Remote Templates A common feature request for jQuery templates is support for remote templates. Developers want to be able to separate templates into different files. Adding support for remote templates requires only a few lines of extra code (Dave Ward has a nice blog entry on this). For example, the following page uses a remote template from a file named BookTemplate.htm: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Remote Templates</title> <link href="0_Site.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <div id="pageContent"> <h1>ASP.NET Bookstore</h1> <div id="bookContainer"></div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> // Create an array of books var books = [ { title: "ASP.NET 4 Unleashed", price: 37.79, picture: "AspNet4Unleashed.jpg" }, { title: "ASP.NET MVC Unleashed", price: 44.99, picture: "AspNetMvcUnleashed.jpg" }, { title: "ASP.NET Kick Start", price: 4.00, picture: "AspNetKickStart.jpg" }, { title: "ASP.NET MVC Unleashed iPhone", price: 44.99, picture: "AspNetMvcUnleashedIPhone.jpg" }, ]; // Get the remote template $.get("BookTemplate.htm", null, function (bookTemplate) { // Render the books using the remote template $.tmpl(bookTemplate, books).appendTo("#bookContainer"); }); function formatPrice(price) { return "$" + price.toFixed(2); } </script> </body> </html>   The remote template is retrieved (and rendered) with the following code: // Get the remote template $.get("BookTemplate.htm", null, function (bookTemplate) { // Render the books using the remote template $.tmpl(bookTemplate, books).appendTo("#bookContainer"); });   This code uses the standard jQuery $.get() method to get the BookTemplate.htm file from the server with an Ajax request. After the BookTemplate.htm file is successfully retrieved, the $.tmpl() method is used to render an array of books with the template. Here’s what the BookTemplate.htm file looks like: <div> <img src="BookPictures/${picture}" alt="" /> <h2>${title}</h2> price: ${formatPrice(price)} </div> Notice that the template in the BooksTemplate.htm file is not wrapped by a SCRIPT element. There is no need to wrap the template in this case because there is no possibility that the template will get interpreted before you want it to be interpreted. If you plan to use the bookTemplate multiple times – for example, you are paging or sorting the books -- then you should compile the template into a function and cache the compiled template function. For example, the following page can be used to page through a list of 100 products (using iPhone style More paging). <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Template Caching</title> <link href="6_Site.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <h1>Products</h1> <div id="productContainer"></div> <button id="more">More</button> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> // Globals var pageIndex = 0; // Create an array of products var products = []; for (var i = 0; i < 100; i++) { products.push({ name: "Product " + (i + 1) }); } // Get the remote template $.get("ProductTemplate.htm", null, function (productTemplate) { // Compile and cache the template $.template("productTemplate", productTemplate); // Render the products renderProducts(0); }); $("#more").click(function () { pageIndex++; renderProducts(); }); function renderProducts() { // Get page of products var pageOfProducts = products.slice(pageIndex * 5, pageIndex * 5 + 5); // Used cached productTemplate to render products $.tmpl("productTemplate", pageOfProducts).appendTo("#productContainer"); } function formatPrice(price) { return "$" + price.toFixed(2); } </script> </body> </html>   The ProductTemplate is retrieved from an external file named ProductTemplate.htm. This template is retrieved only once. Furthermore, it is compiled and cached with the help of the $.template() method: // Get the remote template $.get("ProductTemplate.htm", null, function (productTemplate) { // Compile and cache the template $.template("productTemplate", productTemplate); // Render the products renderProducts(0); });   The $.template() method compiles the HTML representation of the template into a JavaScript function and caches the template function with the name productTemplate. The cached template can be used by calling the $.tmp() method. The productTemplate is used in the renderProducts() method: function renderProducts() { // Get page of products var pageOfProducts = products.slice(pageIndex * 5, pageIndex * 5 + 5); // Used cached productTemplate to render products $.tmpl("productTemplate", pageOfProducts).appendTo("#productContainer"); } In the code above, the first parameter passed to the $.tmpl() method is the name of a cached template. Working with Template Items In this final section, I want to devote some space to discussing Template Items. A new Template Item is created for each rendered instance of a template. For example, if you are displaying a list of 100 products with a template, then 100 Template Items are created. A Template Item has the following properties and methods: data – The data associated with the Template Instance. For example, a product. tmpl – The template associated with the Template Instance. parent – The parent template item if the template is nested. nodes – The HTML content of the template. calls – Used by {{wrap}} template tag. nest – Used by {{tmpl}} template tag. wrap – Used to imperatively enable wrapped templates. html – Used to filter content from a wrapped template. See the above section on wrapped templates. update – Used to re-render a template item. The last method – the update() method -- is especially interesting because it enables you to re-render a template item with new data or even a new template. For example, the following page displays a list of books. When you hover your mouse over any of the books, additional book details are displayed. In the following screenshot, details for ASP.NET Kick Start are displayed. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Template Item</title> <link href="0_Site.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <div id="pageContent"> <h1>ASP.NET Bookstore</h1> <div id="bookContainer"></div> </div> <script id="bookTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <div class="bookItem"> <img src="BookPictures/${picture}" alt="" /> <h2>${title}</h2> price: ${formatPrice(price)} </div> </script> <script id="bookDetailsTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <div class="bookItem"> <img src="BookPictures/${picture}" alt="" /> <h2>${title}</h2> price: ${formatPrice(price)} <p> ${description} </p> </div> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> // Create an array of books var books = [ { title: "ASP.NET 4 Unleashed", price: 37.79, picture: "AspNet4Unleashed.jpg", description: "The most comprehensive book on Microsoft’s new ASP.NET 4.. " }, { title: "ASP.NET MVC Unleashed", price: 44.99, picture: "AspNetMvcUnleashed.jpg", description: "Writing for professional programmers, Walther explains the crucial concepts that make the Model-View-Controller (MVC) development paradigm work…" }, { title: "ASP.NET Kick Start", price: 4.00, picture: "AspNetKickStart.jpg", description: "Visual Studio .NET is the premier development environment for creating .NET applications…." }, { title: "ASP.NET MVC Unleashed iPhone", price: 44.99, picture: "AspNetMvcUnleashedIPhone.jpg", description: "ASP.NET MVC Unleashed for the iPhone…" }, ]; // Render the books using the template $("#bookTemplate").tmpl(books).appendTo("#bookContainer"); // Get compiled details template var bookDetailsTemplate = $("#bookDetailsTemplate").template(); // Add hover handler $(".bookItem").mouseenter(function () { // Get template item associated with DIV var templateItem = $(this).tmplItem(); // Change template to compiled template templateItem.tmpl = bookDetailsTemplate; // Re-render template templateItem.update(); }); function formatPrice(price) { return "$" + price.toFixed(2); } </script> </body> </html>   There are two templates used to display a book: bookTemplate and bookDetailsTemplate. When you hover your mouse over a template item, the standard bookTemplate is swapped out for the bookDetailsTemplate. The bookDetailsTemplate displays a book description. The books are rendered with the bookTemplate with the following line of code: // Render the books using the template $("#bookTemplate").tmpl(books).appendTo("#bookContainer");   The following code is used to swap the bookTemplate and the bookDetailsTemplate to show details for a book: // Get compiled details template var bookDetailsTemplate = $("#bookDetailsTemplate").template(); // Add hover handler $(".bookItem").mouseenter(function () { // Get template item associated with DIV var templateItem = $(this).tmplItem(); // Change template to compiled template templateItem.tmpl = bookDetailsTemplate; // Re-render template templateItem.update(); });   When you hover your mouse over a DIV element rendered by the bookTemplate, the mouseenter handler executes. First, this handler retrieves the Template Item associated with the DIV element by calling the tmplItem() method. The tmplItem() method returns a Template Item. Next, a new template is assigned to the Template Item. Notice that a compiled version of the bookDetailsTemplate is assigned to the Template Item’s tmpl property. The template is compiled earlier in the code by calling the template() method. Finally, the Template Item update() method is called to re-render the Template Item with the bookDetailsTemplate instead of the original bookTemplate. Summary This is a long blog entry and I still have not managed to cover all of the features of jQuery Templates J However, I’ve tried to cover the most important features of jQuery Templates such as template composition, template wrapping, and template items. To learn more about jQuery Templates, I recommend that you look at the documentation for jQuery Templates at the official jQuery website. Another great way to learn more about jQuery Templates is to look at the (unminified) source code.

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• 26 Days: Countdown to Oracle OpenWorld 2012

  - by Michael Snow

  Welcome to our countdown to Oracle OpenWorld! Oracle OpenWorld 2012 is just around the corner. In less than 26 days, San Francisco will be invaded by an expected 50,000 people from all over the world. Here on the Oracle WebCenter team, we’ve all been working to help make the experience a great one for all our WebCenter customers. For a sneak peak  – we’ll be spending this week giving you a teaser of what to look forward to if you are joining us in San Francisco from September 30th through October 4th. We have Oracle WebCenter sessions covering all topics imaginable. Take a look and use the tools we provide to build out your schedule in advance and reserve your seats in your favorite sessions.  That gives you plenty of time to plan for your week with us in San Francisco. If unfortunately, your boss denied your request to attend - there are still some ways that you can join in the experience virtually On-Demand. This year - we are expanding even more up North of Market Street and will be taking over Union Square as well. Check out this map of San Francisco to get a sense of how much of a footprint Oracle OpenWorld has grown to this year. With so much to see and so many sessions to learn from - its no wonder that people get excited. Add to that a good mix of fun and all of the possible WebCenter sessions you could attend - you won't want to sleep at all to take full advantage of such an opportunity. We'll also have our annual WebCenter Customer Appreciation reception - stay tuned this week for some more info on registration to make sure you'll be able to join us. If you've been following the America's Cup at all and believe in EXTREME PERFORMANCE you'll definitely want to take a look at this video from last year's OpenWorld Keynote. 12.00 Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii- mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi- mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Important OpenWorld Links:  Attendee / Presenters Toolkit Oracle Schedule Builder WebCenter Sessions (listed in the catalog under Fusion Middleware as "Portals, Sites, Content, and Collaboration" ) Oracle Music Festival - AMAZING Line up!!  Oracle Customer Appreciation Night -LOOK HERE!! Oracle OpenWorld LIVE On-Demand Here are all the WebCenter sessions broken down by day for your viewing pleasure. Monday, October 1st CON8885 - Simplify CRM Engagement with Contextual Collaboration Are your sales teams disconnected and disengaged? Do you want a tool for easily connecting expertise across your organization and providing visibility into the complete sales process? Do you want a way to enhance and retain organization knowledge? Oracle Social Network is the answer. Attend this session to learn how to make CRM easy, effective, and efficient for use across virtual sales teams. Also learn how Oracle Social Network can drive sales force collaboration with natural conversations throughout the sales cycle, promote sales team productivity through purposeful social networking without the noise, and build cross-team knowledge by integrating conversations with CRM and other business applications. CON8268 - Oracle WebCenter Strategy: Engaging Your Customers. Empowering Your Business Oracle WebCenter is a user engagement platform for social business, connecting people and information. Attend this session to learn about the Oracle WebCenter strategy, and understand where Oracle is taking the platform to help companies engage customers, empower employees, and enable partners. Business success starts with ensuring that everyone is engaged with the right people and the right information and can access what they need through the channel of their choice—Web, mobile, or social. Are you giving customers, employees, and partners the best-possible experience? Come learn how you can! ¶ HOL10208 - Add Social Capabilities to Your Enterprise Applications Oracle Social Network enables you to add real-time collaboration capabilities into your enterprise applications, so that conversations can happen directly within your business systems. In this hands-on lab, you will try out the Oracle Social Network product to collaborate with other attendees, using real-time conversations with document sharing capabilities. Next you will embed social capabilities into a sample Web-based enterprise application, using embedded UI components. Experts will also write simple REST-based integrations, using the Oracle Social Network API to programmatically create social interactions. ¶ CON8893 - Improve Employee Productivity with Intuitive and Social Work Environments Social technologies have already transformed the ways customers, employees, partners, and suppliers communicate and stay informed. Forward-thinking organizations today need technologies and infrastructures to help them advance to the next level and integrate social activities with business applications to deliver a user experience that simplifies business processes and enterprise application engagement. Attend this session to hear from an innovative Oracle Social Network customer and learn how you can improve productivity with intuitive and social work environments and empower your employees with innovative social tools to enable contextual access to content and dynamic personalization of solutions. ¶ CON8270 - Oracle WebCenter Content Strategy and Vision Oracle WebCenter provides a strategic content infrastructure for managing documents, images, e-mails, and rich media files. With a single repository, organizations can address any content use case, such as accounts payable, HR onboarding, document management, compliance, records management, digital asset management, or Website management. In this session, learn about future plans for how Oracle WebCenter will address new use cases as well as new integrations with Oracle Fusion Middleware and Oracle Applications, leveraging your investments by making your users more productive and error-free. ¶ CON8269 - Oracle WebCenter Sites Strategy and Vision Oracle’s Web experience management solution, Oracle WebCenter Sites, enables organizations to use the online channel to drive customer acquisition and brand loyalty. It helps marketers and business users easily create and manage contextually relevant, social, interactive online experiences across multiple channels on a global scale. In this session, learn about future plans for how Oracle WebCenter Sites will provide you with the tools, capabilities, and integrations you need in order to continue to address your customers’ evolving requirements for engaging online experiences and keep moving your business forward. ¶ CON8896 - Living with SharePoint SharePoint is a popular platform, but it’s not always the best fit for Oracle customers. In this session, you’ll discover the technical and nontechnical limitations and pitfalls of SharePoint and learn about Oracle alternatives for collaboration, portals, enterprise and Web content management, social computing, and application integration. The presentation shows you how to integrate with SharePoint when business or IT requirements dictate and covers cloud-based (Office 365) and on-premises versions of SharePoint. Presented by a former Microsoft director of SharePoint product management and backed by independent customer research, this session will prepare you to answer the question “Why don’t we just use SharePoint for that?’ the next time it comes up in your organization. ¶ CON7843 - Content-Enabling Enterprise Processes with Oracle WebCenter Organizations today continually strive to automate business processes, reduce costs, and improve efficiency. Many business processes are content-intensive and unstructured, requiring ad hoc collaboration, and distributed in nature, requiring many approvals and generating huge volumes of paper. In this session, learn how Oracle and SYSTIME have partnered to help a customer content-enable its enterprise with Oracle WebCenter Content and Oracle WebCenter Imaging 11g and integrate them with Oracle Applications. ¶ CON6114 - Tape Robotics’ Newest Superhero: Now Fueled by Oracle Software For small, midsize, and rapidly growing businesses that want the most energy-efficient, scalable storage infrastructure to meet their rapidly growing data demands, Oracle’s most recent addition to its award-winning tape portfolio leverages several pieces of Oracle software. With Oracle Linux, Oracle WebLogic, and Oracle Fusion Middleware tools, the library achieves a higher level of usability than previous products while offering customers a familiar interface for management, plus ease of use. This session examines the competitive advantages of the tape library and how Oracle software raises customer satisfaction. Learn how the combination of Oracle engineered systems, Oracle Secure Backup, and Oracle’s StorageTek tape libraries provide end-to-end coverage of your data. ¶ CON9437 - Mobile Access Management With more than five billion mobile devices on the planet and an increasing number of users using their own devices to access corporate data and applications, securely extending identity management to mobile devices has become a hot topic. This session focuses on how to extend your existing identity management infrastructure and policies to securely and seamlessly enable mobile user access. CON7815 - Customer Experience Online in Cloud: Oracle WebCenter Sites, Oracle ATG Apps, Oracle Exalogic Oracle WebCenter Sites and Oracle’s ATG product line together can provide a compelling marketing and e-commerce experience. When you couple them with the extreme performance of Oracle Exalogic, you’ll see unmatched scalability that provides you with a true cloud-based solution. In this session, you’ll learn how running Oracle WebCenter Sites and ATG applications on Oracle Exalogic delivers both a private and a public cloud experience. Find out what it takes to get these systems working together and delivering engaging Web experiences. Even if you aren’t considering Oracle Exalogic today, the rich Web experience of Oracle WebCenter, paired with the depth of the ATG product line, can provide your business full support, from merchandising through sale completion. ¶ CON8271 - Oracle WebCenter Portal Strategy and Vision To innovate and keep a competitive edge, organizations need to leverage the power of agile and responsive Web applications. Oracle WebCenter Portal enables you to do just that, by delivering intuitive user experiences for enterprise applications to drive innovation with composite applications and mashups. Attend this session to learn firsthand from customers how Oracle WebCenter Portal extends the value of existing enterprise applications, business processes, and content; delivers a superior business user experience; and maximizes limited IT resources. ¶ CON8880 - The Connected Customer Experience Begins with the Online Channel There’s a lot of talk these days about how to connect the customer journey across various touchpoints—from Websites and e-commerce to call centers and in-store—to provide experiences that are more relevant and engaging and ultimately gain competitive edge. Doing it all at once isn’t a realistic objective, so where do you start? Come to this session, and hear about three steps you can take that can help you begin your journey toward delivering the connected customer experience. You’ll hear how Oracle now has an integrated digital marketing platform for your corporate Website, your e-commerce site, your self-service portal, and your marketing and loyalty campaigns, and you’ll learn what you can do today to begin executing on your customer experience initiatives. ¶ GEN11451 - General Session: Building Mobile Applications with Oracle Cloud With the prevalence of smart mobile devices, companies are facing an increased demand to provide access to data and applications from new channels. However, developing applications for mobile devices poses some unique challenges. Come to this session to learn how Oracle addresses these challenges, offering a simpler way to develop and deploy cross-device mobile applications. See how Oracle Cloud enables you to access applications, data, and services from mobile channels in an easier way.  CON8272 - Oracle Social Network Strategy and Vision One key way of increasing employee productivity is by bringing people, processes, and information together—providing new social capabilities to enable business users to quickly correspond and collaborate on business activities. Oracle WebCenter provides a user engagement platform with social and collaborative technologies to empower business users to focus on their key business processes, applications, and content in the context of their role and process. Attend this session to hear how the latest social capabilities in Oracle Social Network are enabling organizations to transform themselves into social businesses.  --- Tuesday, October 2nd HOL10194 - Enterprise Content Management Simplified: Oracle WebCenter Content’s Next-Generation UI Regardless of the nature of your business, unstructured content underpins many of its daily functions. Whether you are working with traditional presentations, spreadsheets, or text documents—or even with digital assets such as images and multimedia files—your content needs to be accessible and manageable in convenient and intuitive ways to make working with the content easier. Additionally, you need the ability to easily share documents with coworkers to facilitate a collaborative working environment. Come to this session to see how Oracle WebCenter Content’s next-generation user interface helps modern knowledge workers easily manage personal and enterprise documents in a collaborative environment.¶ CON8877 - Develop a Mobile Strategy with Oracle WebCenter: Engage Customers, Employees, and Partners Mobile technology has gone from nice-to-have to a cornerstone of user engagement. Mobile access enables users to have information available at their fingertips, enabling them to take action the moment they make a decision, interact in the moment of convenience, and take advantage of new service offerings in their preferred channels. All your employees have your mobile applications in their pocket; now what are you going to do? It is a critical step for companies to think through what their employees, customers, and partners really need on their devices. Attend this session to see how Oracle WebCenter enables you to better engage your customers, employees, and partners by providing a unified experience across multiple channels. ¶ CON9447 - Enabling Access for Hundreds of Millions of Users How do you grow your business by identifying, authenticating, authorizing, and federating users on the Web, leveraging social identity and the open source OAuth protocol? How do you scale your access management solution to support hundreds of millions of users? With social identity support out of the box, Oracle’s access management solution is also benchmarked for 250-million-user deployment according to real-world customer scenarios. In this session, you will learn about the social identity capability and the 250-million-user benchmark testing of Oracle Access Manager and Oracle Adaptive Access Manager running on Oracle Exalogic and Oracle Exadata. ¶ HOL10207 - Build an Intranet Portal with Oracle WebCenter In this hands-on lab, you’ll work with Oracle WebCenter Portal and Oracle WebCenter Content to build out an enterprise portal that maximizes the productivity of teams and individual contributors. Using browser-based tools, you’ll manage site resources such as page styles, templates, and navigation. You’ll edit content stored in Oracle WebCenter Content directly from your portal. You’ll also experience the latest features that promote collaboration, social networking, and personal productivity. ¶ CON2906 - Get Proactive: Best Practices for Maintaining Oracle Fusion Middleware You chose Oracle Fusion Middleware products to help your organization deliver superior business results. Now learn how to take full advantage of your software with all the great tools, resources, and product updates you’re entitled to through Oracle Support. In this session, Oracle product experts provide proven best practices to help you work more efficiently, plan and prepare for upgrades and patching more effectively, and manage risk. Topics include configuration management tools, remote diagnostics, My Oracle Support Community, and My Oracle Support Lifecycle Advisors. New users and Oracle Fusion Middleware experts alike are guaranteed to leave with fresh ideas and practical, easy-to-implement next steps. ¶ CON8878 - Oracle WebCenter’s Cloud Strategy: From Social and Platform Services to Mashups Cloud computing represents a paradigm shift in how we build applications, automate processes, collaborate, and share and in how we secure our enterprise. Additionally, as you adopt cloud-based services in your organization, it’s likely that you will still have many critical on-premises applications running. With these mixed environments, multiple user interfaces, different security, and multiple datasources and content sources, how do you start evolving your strategy to account for these challenges? Oracle WebCenter offers a complete array of technologies enabling you to solve these challenges and prepare you for the cloud. Attend this session to learn how you can use Oracle WebCenter in the cloud as well as create on-premises and cloud application mash-ups. ¶ CON8901 - Optimize Enterprise Business Processes with Oracle WebCenter and Oracle BPM Do you have business processes that span multiple applications? Are you grappling with how to have visibility across these business processes; how to manage content that is associated with these processes; and, most importantly, how to model and optimize these business processes? Attend this session to hear how Oracle WebCenter and Oracle Business Process Management provide a unique set of integrated solutions to provide a composite application dashboard across these business processes and offer a solution for content-centric business processes. ¶ CON8883 - Deliver Engaging Interfaces to Oracle Applications with Oracle WebCenter Critical business processes live within enterprise applications, and application users need to manage and execute these processes as effectively as possible. Oracle provides a comprehensive user engagement platform to increase user productivity and optimize overall processes within Oracle Applications—Oracle E-Business Suite and Oracle’s Siebel, PeopleSoft, and JD Edwards product families—and third-party applications. Attend this session to learn how you can integrate these applications with Oracle WebCenter to deliver composite application dashboards to your end users—whether they are your customers, partners, or employees—for enhanced usability and Web 2.0–enabled enterprise portals.¶ Wednesday, October 3rd CON8895 - Future-Ready Intranets: How Aramark Re-engineered the Application Landscape There are essential techniques and technologies you can use to deliver employee portals that garner higher productivity, improve business efficiency, and increase user engagement. Attend this session to learn how you can leverage Oracle WebCenter Portal as a user engagement platform for bringing together business process management, enterprise content management, and business intelligence into a highly relevant and integrated experience. Hear how Aramark has leveraged Oracle WebCenter Portal and Oracle WebCenter Content to deliver a unified workspace providing simpler navigation and processing, consolidation of tools, easy access to information, integrated search, and single sign-on. ¶ CON8886 - Content Consolidation: Save Money, Increase Efficiency, and Eliminate Silos Organizations are looking for ways to save money and be more efficient. With content in many different places, it’s difficult to know where to look for a document and whether the document is the most current version. With Oracle WebCenter, content can be consolidated into one best-of-breed repository that is secure, scalable, and integrated with your business processes and applications. Users can find the content they need, where they need it, and ensure that it is the right content. This session covers content challenges that affect your business; content consolidation that can lead to savings in storage and administration costs and can lower risks; and how companies are realizing savings. ¶ CON8911 - Improve Online Experiences for Customers and Partners with Self-Service Portals Are you able to provide your customers and partners an easy-to-use online self-service experience? Are you processing high-volume transactions and struggling with call center bottlenecks or back-end systems that won’t integrate, causing order delays and customer frustration? Are you looking to target content such as product and service offerings to your end users? This session shares approaches to providing targeted delivery as well as strategies and best practices for transforming your business by providing an intuitive user experience for your customers and partners. ¶ CON6156 - Top 10 Ways to Integrate Oracle WebCenter Content This session covers 10 common ways to integrate Oracle WebCenter Content with other enterprise applications and middleware. It discusses out-of-the-box modules that provide expanded features in Oracle WebCenter Content—such as enterprise search, SOA, and BPEL—as well as developer tools you can use to create custom integrations. The presentation also gives guidance on which integration option may work best in your environment. ¶ HOL10207 - Build an Intranet Portal with Oracle WebCenter In this hands-on lab, you’ll work with Oracle WebCenter Portal and Oracle WebCenter Content to build out an enterprise portal that maximizes the productivity of teams and individual contributors. Using browser-based tools, you’ll manage site resources such as page styles, templates, and navigation. You’ll edit content stored in Oracle WebCenter Content directly from your portal. You’ll also experience the latest features that promote collaboration, social networking, and personal productivity. ¶ CON7817 - Migration to Oracle WebCenter Imaging 11g Customers today continually strive to automate business processes, reduce costs, and improve efficiency. The accounts payable process—which is often distributed in nature, requires many approvals, and generates huge volumes of paper invoices—is automated by many customers. In this session, learn how Oracle and SYSTIME have partnered to help a customer migrate its existing Oracle Imaging and Process Management Release 7.6 to the latest Oracle WebCenter Imaging 11g and integrate it with Oracle’s JD Edwards family of products. ¶ CON8910 - How to Engage Customers Across Web, Mobile, and Social Channels Whether on desktops at the office, on tablets at home, or on mobile phones when on the go, today’s customers are always connected. To engage today’s customers, you need to make the online customer experience connected and consistent across a host of devices and multiple channels, including Web, mobile, and social networks. Managing this multichannel environment can result in lots of headaches without the right tools. Attend this session to learn how Oracle WebCenter Sites solves the challenge of multichannel customer engagement. ¶ HOL10206 - Oracle WebCenter Sites 11g: Transforming the Content Contributor Experience Oracle WebCenter Sites 11g makes it easy for marketers and business users to contribute to and manage Websites with the new visual, contextual, and intuitive Web authoring interface. In this hands-on lab, you will create and manage content for a sports-themed Website, using many of the new and enhanced features of the 11g release. ¶ CON8900 - Building Next-Generation Portals: An Interactive Customer Panel Discussion Social and collaborative technologies have changed how people interact, learn, and collaborate, and providing a modern, social Web presence is imperative to remain competitive in today’s market. Can your business benefit from a more collaborative and interactive portal environment for employees, customers, and partners? Attend this session to hear from Oracle WebCenter Portal customers as they share their strategies and best practices for providing users with a modern experience that adapts to their needs and includes personalized access to content in context. The panel also addresses how customers have benefited from creating next-generation portals by migrating from older portal technologies to Oracle WebCenter Portal. ¶ CON9625 - Taking Control of Oracle WebCenter Security Organizations are increasingly looking to extend their Oracle WebCenter portal for social business, to serve external users and provide seamless access to the right information. In particular, many organizations are extending Oracle WebCenter in a business-to-business scenario requiring secure identification and authorization of business partners and their users. This session focuses on how customers are leveraging, securing, and providing access control to Oracle WebCenter portal and mobile solutions. You will learn best practices and hear real-world examples of how to provide flexible and granular access control for Oracle WebCenter deployments, using Oracle Platform Security Services and Oracle Access Management Suite product offerings. ¶ CON8891 - Extending Social into Enterprise Applications and Business Processes Oracle Social Network is an extensible social platform that enables contextual collaboration within enterprise applications and business processes, providing relevant data from across various enterprise systems in one place. Attend this session to see how an Oracle Social Network customer is integrating multiple applications—such as CRM, HCM, and business processes—into Oracle Social Network and Oracle WebCenter to enable individuals and teams to solve complex cross-organizational business problems more effectively by utilizing the social enterprise. ¶ Thursday, October 4th CON8899 - Becoming a Social Business: Stories from the Front Lines of Change What does it really mean to be a social business? How can you change our organization to embrace social approaches? What pitfalls do you need to avoid? In this lively panel discussion, customer and industry thought leaders in social business explore these topics and more as they share their stories of the good, the bad, and the ugly that can happen when embracing social methods and technologies to improve business success. Using moderated questions and open Q&A from the audience, the panel discusses vital topics such as the critical factors for success, the major issues to avoid, how to gain senior executive support for social efforts, how to handle undesired behavior, and how to measure business impact. It takes a thought-provoking look at becoming a social business from the inside. ¶ CON6851 - Oracle WebCenter and Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition to Create Vendor Portals Large manufacturers of grocery items routinely find themselves depending on the inventory management expertise of their wholesalers and distributors. Inventory costs can be managed more efficiently by the manufacturers if they have better insight into the inventory levels of items carried by their distributors. This creates a unique opportunity for distributors and wholesalers to leverage this knowledge into a revenue-generating subscription service. Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition and Oracle WebCenter Portal play a key part in enabling creation of business-managed business intelligence portals for vendors. This session discusses one customer that implemented this by leveraging Oracle WebCenter and Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition. ¶ CON8879 - Provide a Personalized and Consistent Customer Experience in Your Websites and Portals Your customers engage with your company online in different ways throughout their journey—from prospecting by acquiring information on your corporate Website to transacting through self-service applications on your customer portal—and then the cycle begins again when they look for new products and services. Ensuring that the customer experience is consistent and personalized across online properties—from branding and content to interactions and transactions—can be a daunting task. Oracle WebCenter enables you to speak and interact with your customers with one voice across your Websites and portals by providing an integrated platform for delivery of self-service and engagement that unifies and personalizes the online experience. Learn more in this session. ¶ CON8898 - Land Mines, Potholes, and Dirt Roads: Navigating the Way to ECM Nirvana Ten years ago, people were predicting that by this time in history, we’d be some kind of utopian paperless society. As we all know, we’re not there yet, but are we getting closer? What is keeping companies from driving down the road to enterprise content management bliss? Most people understand that using ECM as a central platform enables organizations to expedite document-centric processes, but most business processes in organizations are still heavily paper-based. Many of these processes could be automated and improved with an ECM platform infrastructure. In this panel discussion, you’ll hear from Oracle WebCenter customers that have already solved some of these challenges as they share their strategies for success and roads to avoid along your journey. ¶ CON8908 - Oracle WebCenter Portal: Creating and Using Content Presenter Templates Oracle WebCenter Portal applications use task flows to display and integrate content stored in the Oracle WebCenter Content server. Among the most flexible task flows is Content Presenter, which renders various types of content on an Oracle WebCenter Portal page. Although Oracle WebCenter Portal comes with a set of predefined Content Presenter templates, developers can create their own templates for specific rendering needs. This session shows the lifecycle of developing Content Presenter task flows, including how to create, package, import, modify at runtime, and use such templates. In addition to simple examples with Oracle Application Development Framework (Oracle ADF) UI elements to render the content, it shows how to use other UI technologies, CSS files, and JavaScript libraries. ¶ CON8897 - Using Web Experience Management to Drive Online Marketing Success Every year, the online channel becomes more imperative for driving organizational top-line revenue, but for many companies, mastering how to best market their products and services in a fast-evolving online world with high customer expectations for personalized experiences can be a complex proposition. Come to this panel discussion, and hear directly from online marketers how they are succeeding today by using Web experience management to drive marketing success, using capabilities such as targeting and optimization, user-generated content, mobile site publishing, and site visitor personalization to deliver engaging online experiences. ¶ CON8892 - Oracle’s Journey to Social Business Social business is a revolution, one that is causing rapidly accelerating change in how companies and customers engage with one another and how employees work together. Oracle’s goal in becoming a social business is to create a socially connected organization in which working collaboratively across geographical locations, lines of business, and management chains is second nature, enabling innovative solutions to business challenges. We can achieve this by connecting the right people, finding the right content, communicating with the right people, collaborating at the right time, and building the right communities in the right context—all ready in the CLOUD. Attend this session to see how Oracle is transforming itself into a social business. ¶  ------------ If you've read all the way to the end here - we are REALLY looking forward to seeing you in San Francisco.

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• Using the West Wind Web Toolkit to set up AJAX and REST Services

  - by Rick Strahl

  I frequently get questions about which option to use for creating AJAX and REST backends for ASP.NET applications. There are many solutions out there to do this actually, but when I have a choice - not surprisingly - I fall back to my own tools in the West Wind West Wind Web Toolkit. I've talked a bunch about the 'in-the-box' solutions in the past so for a change in this post I'll talk about the tools that I use in my own and customer applications to handle AJAX and REST based access to service resources using the West Wind West Wind Web Toolkit. Let me preface this by saying that I like things to be easy. Yes flexible is very important as well but not at the expense of over-complexity. The goal I've had with my tools is make it drop dead easy, with good performance while providing the core features that I'm after, which are: Easy AJAX/JSON Callbacks Ability to return any kind of non JSON content (string, stream, byte[], images) Ability to work with both XML and JSON interchangeably for input/output Access endpoints via POST data, RPC JSON calls, GET QueryString values or Routing interface Easy to use generic JavaScript client to make RPC calls (same syntax, just what you need) Ability to create clean URLS with Routing Ability to use standard ASP.NET HTTP Stack for HTTP semantics It's all about options! In this post I'll demonstrate most of these features (except XML) in a few simple and short samples which you can download. So let's take a look and see how you can build an AJAX callback solution with the West Wind Web Toolkit. Installing the Toolkit Assemblies The easiest and leanest way of using the Toolkit in your Web project is to grab it via NuGet: West Wind Web and AJAX Utilities (Westwind.Web) and drop it into the project by right clicking in your Project and choosing Manage NuGet Packages from anywhere in the Project.   When done you end up with your project looking like this: What just happened? Nuget added two assemblies - Westwind.Web and Westwind.Utilities and the client ww.jquery.js library. It also added a couple of references into web.config: The default namespaces so they can be accessed in pages/views and a ScriptCompressionModule that the toolkit optionally uses to compress script resources served from within the assembly (namely ww.jquery.js and optionally jquery.js). Creating a new Service The West Wind Web Toolkit supports several ways of creating and accessing AJAX services, but for this post I'll stick to the lower level approach that works from any plain HTML page or of course MVC, WebForms, WebPages. There's also a WebForms specific control that makes this even easier but I'll leave that for another post. So, to create a new standalone AJAX/REST service we can create a new HttpHandler in the new project either as a pure class based handler or as a generic .ASHX handler. Both work equally well, but generic handlers don't require any web.config configuration so I'll use that here. In the root of the project add a Generic Handler. I'm going to call this one StockService.ashx. Once the handler has been created, edit the code and remove all of the handler body code. Then change the base class to CallbackHandler and add methods that have a [CallbackMethod] attribute. Here's the modified base handler implementation now looks like with an added HelloWorld method: using System; using Westwind.Web; namespace WestWindWebAjax { /// <summary> /// Handler implements CallbackHandler to provide REST/AJAX services /// </summary> public class SampleService : CallbackHandler { [CallbackMethod] public string HelloWorld(string name) { return "Hello " + name + ". Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } } } Notice that the class inherits from CallbackHandler and that the HelloWorld service method is marked up with [CallbackMethod]. We're done here. Services Urlbased Syntax Once you compile, the 'service' is live can respond to requests. All CallbackHandlers support input in GET and POST formats, and can return results as JSON or XML. To check our fancy HelloWorld method we can now access the service like this: http://localhost/WestWindWebAjax/StockService.ashx?Method=HelloWorld&name=Rick which produces a default JSON response - in this case a string (wrapped in quotes as it's JSON): (note by default JSON will be downloaded by most browsers not displayed - various options are available to view JSON right in the browser) If I want to return the same data as XML I can tack on a &format=xml at the end of the querystring which produces: <string>Hello Rick. Time is: 11/1/2011 12:11:13 PM</string> Cleaner URLs with Routing Syntax If you want cleaner URLs for each operation you can also configure custom routes on a per URL basis similar to the way that WCF REST does. To do this you need to add a new RouteHandler to your application's startup code in global.asax.cs one for each CallbackHandler based service you create: protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { CallbackHandlerRouteHandler.RegisterRoutes<StockService>(RouteTable.Routes); } With this code in place you can now add RouteUrl properties to any of your service methods. For the HelloWorld method that doesn't make a ton of sense but here is what a routed clean URL might look like in definition: [CallbackMethod(RouteUrl="stocks/HelloWorld/{name}")] public string HelloWorld(string name) { return "Hello " + name + ". Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } The same URL I previously used now becomes a bit shorter and more readable with: http://localhost/WestWindWebAjax/HelloWorld/Rick It's an easy way to create cleaner URLs and still get the same functionality. Calling the Service with $.getJSON() Since the result produced is JSON you can now easily consume this data using jQuery's getJSON method. First we need a couple of scripts - jquery.js and ww.jquery.js in the page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <link href="Css/Westwind.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="scripts/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="scripts/ww.jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </head> <body> Next let's add a small HelloWorld example form (what else) that has a single textbox to type a name, a button and a div tag to receive the result: <fieldset> <legend>Hello World</legend> Please enter a name: <input type="text" name="txtHello" id="txtHello" value="" /> <input type="button" id="btnSayHello" value="Say Hello (POST)" /> <input type="button" id="btnSayHelloGet" value="Say Hello (GET)" /> <div id="divHelloMessage" class="errordisplay" style="display:none;width: 450px;" > </div> </fieldset> Then to call the HelloWorld method a little jQuery is used to hook the document startup and the button click followed by the $.getJSON call to retrieve the data from the server. <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { $("#btnSayHelloGet").click(function () { $.getJSON("SampleService.ashx", { Method: "HelloWorld", name: $("#txtHello").val() }, function (result) { $("#divHelloMessage") .text(result) .fadeIn(1000); }); });</script> .getJSON() expects a full URL to the endpoint of our service, which is the ASHX file. We can either provide a full URL (SampleService.ashx?Method=HelloWorld&name=Rick) or we can just provide the base URL and an object that encodes the query string parameters for us using an object map that has a property that matches each parameter for the server method. We can also use the clean URL routing syntax, but using the object parameter encoding actually is safer as the parameters will get properly encoded by jQuery. The result returned is whatever the result on the server method is - in this case a string. The string is applied to the divHelloMessage element and we're done. Obviously this is a trivial example, but it demonstrates the basics of getting a JSON response back to the browser. AJAX Post Syntax - using ajaxCallMethod() The previous example allows you basic control over the data that you send to the server via querystring parameters. This works OK for simple values like short strings, numbers and boolean values, but doesn't really work if you need to pass something more complex like an object or an array back up to the server. To handle traditional RPC type messaging where the idea is to map server side functions and results to a client side invokation, POST operations can be used. The easiest way to use this functionality is to use ww.jquery.js and the ajaxCallMethod() function. ww.jquery wraps jQuery's AJAX functions and knows implicitly how to call a CallbackServer method with parameters and parse the result. Let's look at another simple example that posts a simple value but returns something more interesting. Let's start with the service method: [CallbackMethod(RouteUrl="stocks/{symbol}")] public StockQuote GetStockQuote(string symbol) { Response.Cache.SetExpires(DateTime.UtcNow.Add(new TimeSpan(0, 2, 0))); StockServer server = new StockServer(); var quote = server.GetStockQuote(symbol); if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid Symbol passed."); return quote; } This sample utilizes a small StockServer helper class (included in the sample) that downloads a stock quote from Yahoo's financial site via plain HTTP GET requests and formats it into a StockQuote object. Lets create a small HTML block that lets us query for the quote and display it: <fieldset> <legend>Single Stock Quote</legend> Please enter a stock symbol: <input type="text" name="txtSymbol" id="txtSymbol" value="msft" /> <input type="button" id="btnStockQuote" value="Get Quote" /> <div id="divStockDisplay" class="errordisplay" style="display:none; width: 450px;"> <div class="label-left">Company:</div> <div id="stockCompany"></div> <div class="label-left">Last Price:</div> <div id="stockLastPrice"></div> <div class="label-left">Quote Time:</div> <div id="stockQuoteTime"></div> </div> </fieldset> The final result looks something like this:   Let's hook up the button handler to fire the request and fill in the data as shown: $("#btnStockQuote").click(function () { ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "GetStockQuote", [$("#txtSymbol").val()], function (quote) { $("#divStockDisplay").show().fadeIn(1000); $("#stockCompany").text(quote.Company + " (" + quote.Symbol + ")"); $("#stockLastPrice").text(quote.LastPrice); $("#stockQuoteTime").text(quote.LastQuoteTime.formatDate("MMM dd, HH:mm EST")); }, onPageError); }); So we point at SampleService.ashx and the GetStockQuote method, passing a single parameter of the input symbol value. Then there are two handlers for success and failure callbacks.  The success handler is the interesting part - it receives the stock quote as a result and assigns its values to various 'holes' in the stock display elements. The data that comes back over the wire is JSON and it looks like this: { "Symbol":"MSFT", "Company":"Microsoft Corpora", "OpenPrice":26.11, "LastPrice":26.01, "NetChange":0.02, "LastQuoteTime":"2011-11-03T02:00:00Z", "LastQuoteTimeString":"Nov. 11, 2011 4:20pm" } which is an object representation of the data. JavaScript can evaluate this JSON string back into an object easily and that's the reslut that gets passed to the success function. The quote data is then applied to existing page content by manually selecting items and applying them. There are other ways to do this more elegantly like using templates, but here we're only interested in seeing how the data is returned. The data in the object is typed - LastPrice is a number and QuoteTime is a date. Note about the date value: JavaScript doesn't have a date literal although the JSON embedded ISO string format used above  ("2011-11-03T02:00:00Z") is becoming fairly standard for JSON serializers. However, JSON parsers don't deserialize dates by default and return them by string. This is why the StockQuote actually returns a string value of LastQuoteTimeString for the same date. ajaxMethodCallback always converts dates properly into 'real' dates and the example above uses the real date value along with a .formatDate() data extension (also in ww.jquery.js) to display the raw date properly. Errors and Exceptions So what happens if your code fails? For example if I pass an invalid stock symbol to the GetStockQuote() method you notice that the code does this: if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid Symbol passed."); CallbackHandler automatically pushes the exception message back to the client so it's easy to pick up the error message. Regardless of what kind of error occurs: Server side, client side, protocol errors - any error will fire the failure handler with an error object parameter. The error is returned to the client via a JSON response in the error callback. In the previous examples I called onPageError which is a generic routine in ww.jquery that displays a status message on the bottom of the screen. But of course you can also take over the error handling yourself: $("#btnStockQuote").click(function () { ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "GetStockQuote", [$("#txtSymbol").val()], function (quote) { $("#divStockDisplay").fadeIn(1000); $("#stockCompany").text(quote.Company + " (" + quote.Symbol + ")"); $("#stockLastPrice").text(quote.LastPrice); $("#stockQuoteTime").text(quote.LastQuoteTime.formatDate("MMM dd, hh:mmt")); }, function (error, xhr) { $("#divErrorDisplay").text(error.message).fadeIn(1000); }); }); The error object has a isCallbackError, message and  stackTrace properties, the latter of which is only populated when running in Debug mode, and this object is returned for all errors: Client side, transport and server side errors. Regardless of which type of error you get the same object passed (as well as the XHR instance optionally) which makes for a consistent error retrieval mechanism. Specifying HttpVerbs You can also specify HTTP Verbs that are allowed using the AllowedHttpVerbs option on the CallbackMethod attribute: [CallbackMethod(AllowedHttpVerbs=HttpVerbs.GET | HttpVerbs.POST)] public string HelloWorld(string name) { … } If you're building REST style API's this might be useful to force certain request semantics onto the client calling. For the above if call with a non-allowed HttpVerb the request returns a 405 error response along with a JSON (or XML) error object result. The default behavior is to allow all verbs access (HttpVerbs.All). Passing in object Parameters Up to now the parameters I passed were very simple. But what if you need to send something more complex like an object or an array? Let's look at another example now that passes an object from the client to the server. Keeping with the Stock theme here lets add a method called BuyOrder that lets us buy some shares for a stock. Consider the following service method that receives an StockBuyOrder object as a parameter: [CallbackMethod] public string BuyStock(StockBuyOrder buyOrder) { var server = new StockServer(); var quote = server.GetStockQuote(buyOrder.Symbol); if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid or missing stock symbol."); return string.Format("You're buying {0} shares of {1} ({2}) stock at {3} for a total of {4} on {5}.", buyOrder.Quantity, quote.Company, quote.Symbol, quote.LastPrice.ToString("c"), (quote.LastPrice * buyOrder.Quantity).ToString("c"), buyOrder.BuyOn.ToString("MMM d")); } public class StockBuyOrder { public string Symbol { get; set; } public int Quantity { get; set; } public DateTime BuyOn { get; set; } public StockBuyOrder() { BuyOn = DateTime.Now; } } This is a contrived do-nothing example that simply echoes back what was passed in, but it demonstrates how you can pass complex data to a callback method. On the client side we now have a very simple form that captures the three values on a form: <fieldset> <legend>Post a Stock Buy Order</legend> Enter a symbol: <input type="text" name="txtBuySymbol" id="txtBuySymbol" value="GLD" />&nbsp;&nbsp; Qty: <input type="text" name="txtBuyQty" id="txtBuyQty" value="10" style="width: 50px" />&nbsp;&nbsp; Buy on: <input type="text" name="txtBuyOn" id="txtBuyOn" value="<%= DateTime.Now.ToString("d") %>" style="width: 70px;" /> <input type="button" id="btnBuyStock" value="Buy Stock" /> <div id="divStockBuyMessage" class="errordisplay" style="display:none"></div> </fieldset> The completed form and demo then looks something like this:   The client side code that picks up the input values and assigns them to object properties and sends the AJAX request looks like this: $("#btnBuyStock").click(function () { // create an object map that matches StockBuyOrder signature var buyOrder = { Symbol: $("#txtBuySymbol").val(), Quantity: $("#txtBuyQty").val() * 1, // number Entered: new Date() } ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "BuyStock", [buyOrder], function (result) { $("#divStockBuyMessage").text(result).fadeIn(1000); }, onPageError); }); The code creates an object and attaches the properties that match the server side object passed to the BuyStock method. Each property that you want to update needs to be included and the type must match (ie. string, number, date in this case). Any missing properties will not be set but also not cause any errors. Pass POST data instead of Objects In the last example I collected a bunch of values from form variables and stuffed them into object variables in JavaScript code. While that works, often times this isn't really helping - I end up converting my types on the client and then doing another conversion on the server. If lots of input controls are on a page and you just want to pick up the values on the server via plain POST variables - that can be done too - and it makes sense especially if you're creating and filling the client side object only to push data to the server. Let's add another method to the server that once again lets us buy a stock. But this time let's not accept a parameter but rather send POST data to the server. Here's the server method receiving POST data: [CallbackMethod] public string BuyStockPost() { StockBuyOrder buyOrder = new StockBuyOrder(); buyOrder.Symbol = Request.Form["txtBuySymbol"]; ; int qty; int.TryParse(Request.Form["txtBuyQuantity"], out qty); buyOrder.Quantity = qty; DateTime time; DateTime.TryParse(Request.Form["txtBuyBuyOn"], out time); buyOrder.BuyOn = time; // Or easier way yet //FormVariableBinder.Unbind(buyOrder,null,"txtBuy"); var server = new StockServer(); var quote = server.GetStockQuote(buyOrder.Symbol); if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid or missing stock symbol."); return string.Format("You're buying {0} shares of {1} ({2}) stock at {3} for a total of {4} on {5}.", buyOrder.Quantity, quote.Company, quote.Symbol, quote.LastPrice.ToString("c"), (quote.LastPrice * buyOrder.Quantity).ToString("c"), buyOrder.BuyOn.ToString("MMM d")); } Clearly we've made this server method take more code than it did with the object parameter. We've basically moved the parameter assignment logic from the client to the server. As a result the client code to call this method is now a bit shorter since there's no client side shuffling of values from the controls to an object. $("#btnBuyStockPost").click(function () { ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "BuyStockPost", [], // Note: No parameters - function (result) { $("#divStockBuyMessage").text(result).fadeIn(1000); }, onPageError, // Force all page Form Variables to be posted { postbackMode: "Post" }); }); The client simply calls the BuyStockQuote method and pushes all the form variables from the page up to the server which parses them instead. The feature that makes this work is one of the options you can pass to the ajaxCallMethod() function: { postbackMode: "Post" }); which directs the function to include form variable POST data when making the service call. Other options include PostNoViewState (for WebForms to strip out WebForms crap vars), PostParametersOnly (default), None. If you pass parameters those are always posted to the server except when None is set. The above code can be simplified a bit by using the FormVariableBinder helper, which can unbind form variables directly into an object: FormVariableBinder.Unbind(buyOrder,null,"txtBuy"); which replaces the manual Request.Form[] reading code. It receives the object to unbind into, a string of properties to skip, and an optional prefix which is stripped off form variables to match property names. The component is similar to the MVC model binder but it's independent of MVC. Returning non-JSON Data CallbackHandler also supports returning non-JSON/XML data via special return types. You can return raw non-JSON encoded strings like this: [CallbackMethod(ReturnAsRawString=true,ContentType="text/plain")] public string HelloWorldNoJSON(string name) { return "Hello " + name + ". Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } Calling this method results in just a plain string - no JSON encoding with quotes around the result. This can be useful if your server handling code needs to return a string or HTML result that doesn't fit well for a page or other UI component. Any string output can be returned. You can also return binary data. Stream, byte[] and Bitmap/Image results are automatically streamed back to the client. Notice that you should set the ContentType of the request either on the CallbackMethod attribute or using Response.ContentType. This ensures the Web Server knows how to display your binary response. Using a stream response makes it possible to return any of data. Streamed data can be pretty handy to return bitmap data from a method. The following is a method that returns a stock history graph for a particular stock over a provided number of years: [CallbackMethod(ContentType="image/png",RouteUrl="stocks/history/graph/{symbol}/{years}")] public Stream GetStockHistoryGraph(string symbol, int years = 2,int width = 500, int height=350) { if (width == 0) width = 500; if (height == 0) height = 350; StockServer server = new StockServer(); return server.GetStockHistoryGraph(symbol,"Stock History for " + symbol,width,height,years); } I can now hook this up into the JavaScript code when I get a stock quote. At the end of the process I can assign the URL to the service that returns the image into the src property and so force the image to display. Here's the changed code: $("#btnStockQuote").click(function () { var symbol = $("#txtSymbol").val(); ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "GetStockQuote", [symbol], function (quote) { $("#divStockDisplay").fadeIn(1000); $("#stockCompany").text(quote.Company + " (" + quote.Symbol + ")"); $("#stockLastPrice").text(quote.LastPrice); $("#stockQuoteTime").text(quote.LastQuoteTime.formatDate("MMM dd, hh:mmt")); // display a stock chart $("#imgStockHistory").attr("src", "stocks/history/graph/" + symbol + "/2"); },onPageError); }); The resulting output then looks like this: The charting code uses the new ASP.NET 4.0 Chart components via code to display a bar chart of the 2 year stock data as part of the StockServer class which you can find in the sample download. The ability to return arbitrary data from a service is useful as you can see - in this case the chart is clearly associated with the service and it's nice that the graph generation can happen off a handler rather than through a page. Images are common resources, but output can also be PDF reports, zip files for downloads etc. which is becoming increasingly more common to be returned from REST endpoints and other applications. Why reinvent? Obviously the examples I've shown here are pretty basic in terms of functionality. But I hope they demonstrate the core features of AJAX callbacks that you need to work through in most applications which is simple: return data, send back data and potentially retrieve data in various formats. While there are other solutions when it comes down to making AJAX callbacks and servicing REST like requests, I like the flexibility my home grown solution provides. Simply put it's still the easiest solution that I've found that addresses my common use cases: AJAX JSON RPC style callbacks Url based access XML and JSON Output from single method endpoint XML and JSON POST support, querystring input, routing parameter mapping UrlEncoded POST data support on callbacks Ability to return stream/raw string data Essentially ability to return ANYTHING from Service and pass anything All these features are available in various solutions but not together in one place. I've been using this code base for over 4 years now in a number of projects both for myself and commercial work and it's served me extremely well. Besides the AJAX functionality CallbackHandler provides, it's also an easy way to create any kind of output endpoint I need to create. Need to create a few simple routines that spit back some data, but don't want to create a Page or View or full blown handler for it? Create a CallbackHandler and add a method or multiple methods and you have your generic endpoints.  It's a quick and easy way to add small code pieces that are pretty efficient as they're running through a pretty small handler implementation. I can have this up and running in a couple of minutes literally without any setup and returning just about any kind of data. Resources Download the Sample NuGet: Westwind Web and AJAX Utilities (Westwind.Web) ajaxCallMethod() Documentation Using the AjaxMethodCallback WebForms Control West Wind Web Toolkit Home Page West Wind Web Toolkit Source Code © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2011Posted in ASP.NET  jQuery  AJAX   Tweet (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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• Capturing and Transforming ASP.NET Output with Response.Filter

  - by Rick Strahl

  During one of my Handlers and Modules session at DevConnections this week one of the attendees asked a question that I didn’t have an immediate answer for. Basically he wanted to capture response output completely and then apply some filtering to the output – effectively injecting some additional content into the page AFTER the page had completely rendered. Specifically the output should be captured from anywhere – not just a page and have this code injected into the page. Some time ago I posted some code that allows you to capture ASP.NET Page output by overriding the Render() method, capturing the HtmlTextWriter() and reading its content, modifying the rendered data as text then writing it back out. I’ve actually used this approach on a few occasions and it works fine for ASP.NET pages. But this obviously won’t work outside of the Page class environment and it’s not really generic – you have to create a custom page class in order to handle the output capture. [updated 11/16/2009 – updated ResponseFilterStream implementation and a few additional notes based on comments] Enter Response.Filter However, ASP.NET includes a Response.Filter which can be used – well to filter output. Basically Response.Filter is a stream through which the OutputStream is piped back to the Web Server (indirectly). As content is written into the Response object, the filter stream receives the appropriate Stream commands like Write, Flush and Close as well as read operations although for a Response.Filter that’s uncommon to be hit. The Response.Filter can be programmatically replaced at runtime which allows you to effectively intercept all output generation that runs through ASP.NET. A common Example: Dynamic GZip Encoding A rather common use of Response.Filter hooking up code based, dynamic  GZip compression for requests which is dead simple by applying a GZipStream (or DeflateStream) to Response.Filter. The following generic routines can be used very easily to detect GZip capability of the client and compress response output with a single line of code and a couple of library helper routines: WebUtils.GZipEncodePage(); which is handled with a few lines of reusable code and a couple of static helper methods: /// <summary> ///Sets up the current page or handler to use GZip through a Response.Filter ///IMPORTANT:  ///You have to call this method before any output is generated! /// </summary> public static void GZipEncodePage() {     HttpResponse Response = HttpContext.Current.Response;     if(IsGZipSupported())     {         stringAcceptEncoding = HttpContext.Current.Request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"];         if(AcceptEncoding.Contains("deflate"))         {             Response.Filter = newSystem.IO.Compression.DeflateStream(Response.Filter,                                        System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress);             Response.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "deflate");         }         else        {             Response.Filter = newSystem.IO.Compression.GZipStream(Response.Filter,                                       System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress);             Response.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "gzip");                            }     }     // Allow proxy servers to cache encoded and unencoded versions separately    Response.AppendHeader("Vary", "Content-Encoding"); } /// <summary> /// Determines if GZip is supported /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public static bool IsGZipSupported() { string AcceptEncoding = HttpContext.Current.Request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"]; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(AcceptEncoding) && (AcceptEncoding.Contains("gzip") || AcceptEncoding.Contains("deflate"))) return true; return false; } GZipStream and DeflateStream are streams that are assigned to Response.Filter and by doing so apply the appropriate compression on the active Response. Response.Filter content is chunked So to implement a Response.Filter effectively requires only that you implement a custom stream and handle the Write() method to capture Response output as it’s written. At first blush this seems very simple – you capture the output in Write, transform it and write out the transformed content in one pass. And that indeed works for small amounts of content. But you see, the problem is that output is written in small buffer chunks (a little less than 16k it appears) rather than just a single Write() statement into the stream, which makes perfect sense for ASP.NET to stream data back to IIS in smaller chunks to minimize memory usage en route. Unfortunately this also makes it a more difficult to implement any filtering routines since you don’t directly get access to all of the response content which is problematic especially if those filtering routines require you to look at the ENTIRE response in order to transform or capture the output as is needed for the solution the gentleman in my session asked for. So in order to address this a slightly different approach is required that basically captures all the Write() buffers passed into a cached stream and then making the stream available only when it’s complete and ready to be flushed. As I was thinking about the implementation I also started thinking about the few instances when I’ve used Response.Filter implementations. Each time I had to create a new Stream subclass and create my custom functionality but in the end each implementation did the same thing – capturing output and transforming it. I thought there should be an easier way to do this by creating a re-usable Stream class that can handle stream transformations that are common to Response.Filter implementations. Creating a semi-generic Response Filter Stream Class What I ended up with is a ResponseFilterStream class that provides a handful of Events that allow you to capture and/or transform Response content. The class implements a subclass of Stream and then overrides Write() and Flush() to handle capturing and transformation operations. By exposing events it’s easy to hook up capture or transformation operations via single focused methods. ResponseFilterStream exposes the following events: CaptureStream, CaptureString Captures the output only and provides either a MemoryStream or String with the final page output. Capture is hooked to the Flush() operation of the stream. TransformStream, TransformString Allows you to transform the complete response output with events that receive a MemoryStream or String respectively and can you modify the output then return it back as a return value. The transformed output is then written back out in a single chunk to the response output stream. These events capture all output internally first then write the entire buffer into the response. TransformWrite, TransformWriteString Allows you to transform the Response data as it is written in its original chunk size in the Stream’s Write() method. Unlike TransformStream/TransformString which operate on the complete output, these events only see the current chunk of data written. This is more efficient as there’s no caching involved, but can cause problems due to searched content splitting over multiple chunks. Using this implementation, creating a custom Response.Filter transformation becomes as simple as the following code. To hook up the Response.Filter using the MemoryStream version event: ResponseFilterStream filter = new ResponseFilterStream(Response.Filter); filter.TransformStream += filter_TransformStream; Response.Filter = filter; and the event handler to do the transformation: MemoryStream filter_TransformStream(MemoryStream ms) { Encoding encoding = HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding; string output = encoding.GetString(ms.ToArray()); output = FixPaths(output); ms = new MemoryStream(output.Length); byte[] buffer = encoding.GetBytes(output); ms.Write(buffer,0,buffer.Length); return ms; } private string FixPaths(string output) { string path = HttpContext.Current.Request.ApplicationPath; // override root path wonkiness if (path == "/") path = ""; output = output.Replace("\"~/", "\"" + path + "/").Replace("'~/", "'" + path + "/"); return output; } The idea of the event handler is that you can do whatever you want to the stream and return back a stream – either the same one that’s been modified or a brand new one – which is then sent back to as the final response. The above code can be simplified even more by using the string version events which handle the stream to string conversions for you: ResponseFilterStream filter = new ResponseFilterStream(Response.Filter); filter.TransformString += filter_TransformString; Response.Filter = filter; and the event handler to do the transformation calling the same FixPaths method shown above: string filter_TransformString(string output) { return FixPaths(output); } The events for capturing output and capturing and transforming chunks work in a very similar way. By using events to handle the transformations ResponseFilterStream becomes a reusable component and we don’t have to create a new stream class or subclass an existing Stream based classed. By the way, the example used here is kind of a cool trick which transforms “~/” expressions inside of the final generated HTML output – even in plain HTML controls not HTML controls – and transforms them into the appropriate application relative path in the same way that ResolveUrl would do. So you can write plain old HTML like this: <a href=”~/default.aspx”>Home</a>  and have it turned into: <a href=”/myVirtual/default.aspx”>Home</a>  without having to use an ASP.NET control like Hyperlink or Image or having to constantly use: <img src=”<%= ResolveUrl(“~/images/home.gif”) %>” /> in MVC applications (which frankly is one of the most annoying things about MVC especially given the path hell that extension-less and endpoint-less URLs impose). I can’t take credit for this idea. While discussing the Response.Filter issues on Twitter a hint from Dylan Beattie who pointed me at one of his examples which does something similar. I thought the idea was cool enough to use an example for future demos of Response.Filter functionality in ASP.NET next I time I do the Modules and Handlers talk (which was great fun BTW). How practical this is is debatable however since there’s definitely some overhead to using a Response.Filter in general and especially on one that caches the output and the re-writes it later. Make sure to test for performance anytime you use Response.Filter hookup and make sure it' doesn’t end up killing perf on you. You’ve been warned :-}. How does ResponseFilterStream work? The big win of this implementation IMHO is that it’s a reusable  component – so for implementation there’s no new class, no subclassing – you simply attach to an event to implement an event handler method with a straight forward signature to retrieve the stream or string you’re interested in. The implementation is based on a subclass of Stream as is required in order to handle the Response.Filter requirements. What’s different than other implementations I’ve seen in various places is that it supports capturing output as a whole to allow retrieving the full response output for capture or modification. The exception are the TransformWrite and TransformWrite events which operate only active chunk of data written by the Response. For captured output, the Write() method captures output into an internal MemoryStream that is cached until writing is complete. So Write() is called when ASP.NET writes to the Response stream, but the filter doesn’t pass on the Write immediately to the filter’s internal stream. The data is cached and only when the Flush() method is called to finalize the Stream’s output do we actually send the cached stream off for transformation (if the events are hooked up) and THEN finally write out the returned content in one big chunk. Here’s the implementation of ResponseFilterStream: /// <summary> /// A semi-generic Stream implementation for Response.Filter with /// an event interface for handling Content transformations via /// Stream or String. /// <remarks> /// Use with care for large output as this implementation copies /// the output into a memory stream and so increases memory usage. /// </remarks> /// </summary> public class ResponseFilterStream : Stream { /// <summary> /// The original stream /// </summary> Stream _stream; /// <summary> /// Current position in the original stream /// </summary> long _position; /// <summary> /// Stream that original content is read into /// and then passed to TransformStream function /// </summary> MemoryStream _cacheStream = new MemoryStream(5000); /// <summary> /// Internal pointer that that keeps track of the size /// of the cacheStream /// </summary> int _cachePointer = 0; /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="responseStream"></param> public ResponseFilterStream(Stream responseStream) { _stream = responseStream; } /// <summary> /// Determines whether the stream is captured /// </summary> private bool IsCaptured { get { if (CaptureStream != null || CaptureString != null || TransformStream != null || TransformString != null) return true; return false; } } /// <summary> /// Determines whether the Write method is outputting data immediately /// or delaying output until Flush() is fired. /// </summary> private bool IsOutputDelayed { get { if (TransformStream != null || TransformString != null) return true; return false; } } /// <summary> /// Event that captures Response output and makes it available /// as a MemoryStream instance. Output is captured but won't /// affect Response output. /// </summary> public event Action<MemoryStream> CaptureStream; /// <summary> /// Event that captures Response output and makes it available /// as a string. Output is captured but won't affect Response output. /// </summary> public event Action<string> CaptureString; /// <summary> /// Event that allows you transform the stream as each chunk of /// the output is written in the Write() operation of the stream. /// This means that that it's possible/likely that the input /// buffer will not contain the full response output but only /// one of potentially many chunks. /// /// This event is called as part of the filter stream's Write() /// operation. /// </summary> public event Func<byte[], byte[]> TransformWrite; /// <summary> /// Event that allows you to transform the response stream as /// each chunk of bytep[] output is written during the stream's write /// operation. This means it's possibly/likely that the string /// passed to the handler only contains a portion of the full /// output. Typical buffer chunks are around 16k a piece. /// /// This event is called as part of the stream's Write operation. /// </summary> public event Func<string, string> TransformWriteString; /// <summary> /// This event allows capturing and transformation of the entire /// output stream by caching all write operations and delaying final /// response output until Flush() is called on the stream. /// </summary> public event Func<MemoryStream, MemoryStream> TransformStream; /// <summary> /// Event that can be hooked up to handle Response.Filter /// Transformation. Passed a string that you can modify and /// return back as a return value. The modified content /// will become the final output. /// </summary> public event Func<string, string> TransformString; protected virtual void OnCaptureStream(MemoryStream ms) { if (CaptureStream != null) CaptureStream(ms); } private void OnCaptureStringInternal(MemoryStream ms) { if (CaptureString != null) { string content = HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding.GetString(ms.ToArray()); OnCaptureString(content); } } protected virtual void OnCaptureString(string output) { if (CaptureString != null) CaptureString(output); } protected virtual byte[] OnTransformWrite(byte[] buffer) { if (TransformWrite != null) return TransformWrite(buffer); return buffer; } private byte[] OnTransformWriteStringInternal(byte[] buffer) { Encoding encoding = HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding; string output = OnTransformWriteString(encoding.GetString(buffer)); return encoding.GetBytes(output); } private string OnTransformWriteString(string value) { if (TransformWriteString != null) return TransformWriteString(value); return value; } protected virtual MemoryStream OnTransformCompleteStream(MemoryStream ms) { if (TransformStream != null) return TransformStream(ms); return ms; } /// <summary> /// Allows transforming of strings /// /// Note this handler is internal and not meant to be overridden /// as the TransformString Event has to be hooked up in order /// for this handler to even fire to avoid the overhead of string /// conversion on every pass through. /// </summary> /// <param name="responseText"></param> /// <returns></returns> private string OnTransformCompleteString(string responseText) { if (TransformString != null) TransformString(responseText); return responseText; } /// <summary> /// Wrapper method form OnTransformString that handles /// stream to string and vice versa conversions /// </summary> /// <param name="ms"></param> /// <returns></returns> internal MemoryStream OnTransformCompleteStringInternal(MemoryStream ms) { if (TransformString == null) return ms; //string content = ms.GetAsString(); string content = HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding.GetString(ms.ToArray()); content = TransformString(content); byte[] buffer = HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding.GetBytes(content); ms = new MemoryStream(); ms.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); //ms.WriteString(content); return ms; } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public override bool CanRead { get { return true; } } public override bool CanSeek { get { return true; } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public override bool CanWrite { get { return true; } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public override long Length { get { return 0; } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public override long Position { get { return _position; } set { _position = value; } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="offset"></param> /// <param name="direction"></param> /// <returns></returns> public override long Seek(long offset, System.IO.SeekOrigin direction) { return _stream.Seek(offset, direction); } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="length"></param> public override void SetLength(long length) { _stream.SetLength(length); } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public override void Close() { _stream.Close(); } /// <summary> /// Override flush by writing out the cached stream data /// </summary> public override void Flush() { if (IsCaptured && _cacheStream.Length > 0) { // Check for transform implementations _cacheStream = OnTransformCompleteStream(_cacheStream); _cacheStream = OnTransformCompleteStringInternal(_cacheStream); OnCaptureStream(_cacheStream); OnCaptureStringInternal(_cacheStream); // write the stream back out if output was delayed if (IsOutputDelayed) _stream.Write(_cacheStream.ToArray(), 0, (int)_cacheStream.Length); // Clear the cache once we've written it out _cacheStream.SetLength(0); } // default flush behavior _stream.Flush(); } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="buffer"></param> /// <param name="offset"></param> /// <param name="count"></param> /// <returns></returns> public override int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) { return _stream.Read(buffer, offset, count); } /// <summary> /// Overriden to capture output written by ASP.NET and captured /// into a cached stream that is written out later when Flush() /// is called. /// </summary> /// <param name="buffer"></param> /// <param name="offset"></param> /// <param name="count"></param> public override void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) { if ( IsCaptured ) { // copy to holding buffer only - we'll write out later _cacheStream.Write(buffer, 0, count); _cachePointer += count; } // just transform this buffer if (TransformWrite != null) buffer = OnTransformWrite(buffer); if (TransformWriteString != null) buffer = OnTransformWriteStringInternal(buffer); if (!IsOutputDelayed) _stream.Write(buffer, offset, buffer.Length); } } The key features are the events and corresponding OnXXX methods that handle the event hookups, and the Write() and Flush() methods of the stream implementation. All the rest of the members tend to be plain jane passthrough stream implementation code without much consequence. I do love the way Action<t> and Func<T> make it so easy to create the event signatures for the various events – sweet. A few Things to consider Performance Response.Filter is not great for performance in general as it adds another layer of indirection to the ASP.NET output pipeline, and this implementation in particular adds a memory hit as it basically duplicates the response output into the cached memory stream which is necessary since you may have to look at the entire response. If you have large pages in particular this can cause potentially serious memory pressure in your server application. So be careful of wholesale adoption of this (or other) Response.Filters. Make sure to do some performance testing to ensure it’s not killing your app’s performance. Response.Filter works everywhere A few questions came up in comments and discussion as to capturing ALL output hitting the site and – yes you can definitely do that by assigning a Response.Filter inside of a module. If you do this however you’ll want to be very careful and decide which content you actually want to capture especially in IIS 7 which passes ALL content – including static images/CSS etc. through the ASP.NET pipeline. So it is important to filter only on what you’re looking for – like the page extension or maybe more effectively the Response.ContentType. Response.Filter Chaining Originally I thought that filter chaining doesn’t work at all due to a bug in the stream implementation code. But it’s quite possible to assign multiple filters to the Response.Filter property. So the following actually works to both compress the output and apply the transformed content: WebUtils.GZipEncodePage(); ResponseFilterStream filter = new ResponseFilterStream(Response.Filter); filter.TransformString += filter_TransformString; Response.Filter = filter; However the following does not work resulting in invalid content encoding errors: ResponseFilterStream filter = new ResponseFilterStream(Response.Filter); filter.TransformString += filter_TransformString; Response.Filter = filter; WebUtils.GZipEncodePage(); In other words multiple Response filters can work together but it depends entirely on the implementation whether they can be chained or in which order they can be chained. In this case running the GZip/Deflate stream filters apparently relies on the original content length of the output and chokes when the content is modified. But if attaching the compression first it works fine as unintuitive as that may seem. Resources Download example code Capture Output from ASP.NET Pages © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in ASP.NET  

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• A way of doing real-world test-driven development (and some thoughts about it)

  - by Thomas Weller

  Lately, I exchanged some arguments with Derick Bailey about some details of the red-green-refactor cycle of the Test-driven development process. In short, the issue revolved around the fact that it’s not enough to have a test red or green, but it’s also important to have it red or green for the right reasons. While for me, it’s sufficient to initially have a NotImplementedException in place, Derick argues that this is not totally correct (see these two posts: Red/Green/Refactor, For The Right Reasons and Red For The Right Reason: Fail By Assertion, Not By Anything Else). And he’s right. But on the other hand, I had no idea how his insights could have any practical consequence for my own individual interpretation of the red-green-refactor cycle (which is not really red-green-refactor, at least not in its pure sense, see the rest of this article). This made me think deeply for some days now. In the end I found out that the ‘right reason’ changes in my understanding depending on what development phase I’m in. To make this clear (at least I hope it becomes clear…) I started to describe my way of working in some detail, and then something strange happened: The scope of the article slightly shifted from focusing ‘only’ on the ‘right reason’ issue to something more general, which you might describe as something like  'Doing real-world TDD in .NET , with massive use of third-party add-ins’. This is because I feel that there is a more general statement about Test-driven development to make:  It’s high time to speak about the ‘How’ of TDD, not always only the ‘Why’. Much has been said about this, and me myself also contributed to that (see here: TDD is not about testing, it's about how we develop software). But always justifying what you do is very unsatisfying in the long run, it is inherently defensive, and it costs time and effort that could be used for better and more important things. And frankly: I’m somewhat sick and tired of repeating time and again that the test-driven way of software development is highly preferable for many reasons - I don’t want to spent my time exclusively on stating the obvious… So, again, let’s say it clearly: TDD is programming, and programming is TDD. Other ways of programming (code-first, sometimes called cowboy-coding) are exceptional and need justification. – I know that there are many people out there who will disagree with this radical statement, and I also know that it’s not a description of the real world but more of a mission statement or something. But nevertheless I’m absolutely sure that in some years this statement will be nothing but a platitude. Side note: Some parts of this post read as if I were paid by Jetbrains (the manufacturer of the ReSharper add-in – R#), but I swear I’m not. Rather I think that Visual Studio is just not production-complete without it, and I wouldn’t even consider to do professional work without having this add-in installed... The three parts of a software component Before I go into some details, I first should describe my understanding of what belongs to a software component (assembly, type, or method) during the production process (i.e. the coding phase). Roughly, I come up with the three parts shown below:   First, we need to have some initial sort of requirement. This can be a multi-page formal document, a vague idea in some programmer’s brain of what might be needed, or anything in between. In either way, there has to be some sort of requirement, be it explicit or not. – At the C# micro-level, the best way that I found to formulate that is to define interfaces for just about everything, even for internal classes, and to provide them with exhaustive xml comments. The next step then is to re-formulate these requirements in an executable form. This is specific to the respective programming language. - For C#/.NET, the Gallio framework (which includes MbUnit) in conjunction with the ReSharper add-in for Visual Studio is my toolset of choice. The third part then finally is the production code itself. It’s development is entirely driven by the requirements and their executable formulation. This is the delivery, the two other parts are ‘only’ there to make its production possible, to give it a decent quality and reliability, and to significantly reduce related costs down the maintenance timeline. So while the first two parts are not really relevant for the customer, they are very important for the developer. The customer (or in Scrum terms: the Product Owner) is not interested at all in how  the product is developed, he is only interested in the fact that it is developed as cost-effective as possible, and that it meets his functional and non-functional requirements. The rest is solely a matter of the developer’s craftsmanship, and this is what I want to talk about during the remainder of this article… An example To demonstrate my way of doing real-world TDD, I decided to show the development of a (very) simple Calculator component. The example is deliberately trivial and silly, as examples always are. I am totally aware of the fact that real life is never that simple, but I only want to show some development principles here… The requirement As already said above, I start with writing down some words on the initial requirement, and I normally use interfaces for that, even for internal classes - the typical question “intf or not” doesn’t even come to mind. I need them for my usual workflow and using them automatically produces high componentized and testable code anyway. To think about their usage in every single situation would slow down the production process unnecessarily. So this is what I begin with: namespace Calculator {     /// <summary>     /// Defines a very simple calculator component for demo purposes.     /// </summary>     public interface ICalculator     {         /// <summary>         /// Gets the result of the last successful operation.         /// </summary>         /// <value>The last result.</value>         /// <remarks>         /// Will be <see langword="null" /> before the first successful operation.         /// </remarks>         double? LastResult { get; }       } // interface ICalculator   } // namespace Calculator So, I’m not beginning with a test, but with a sort of code declaration - and still I insist on being 100% test-driven. There are three important things here: Starting this way gives me a method signature, which allows to use IntelliSense and AutoCompletion and thus eliminates the danger of typos - one of the most regular, annoying, time-consuming, and therefore expensive sources of error in the development process. In my understanding, the interface definition as a whole is more of a readable requirement document and technical documentation than anything else. So this is at least as much about documentation than about coding. The documentation must completely describe the behavior of the documented element. I normally use an IoC container or some sort of self-written provider-like model in my architecture. In either case, I need my components defined via service interfaces anyway. - I will use the LinFu IoC framework here, for no other reason as that is is very simple to use. The ‘Red’ (pt. 1)   First I create a folder for the project’s third-party libraries and put the LinFu.Core dll there. Then I set up a test project (via a Gallio project template), and add references to the Calculator project and the LinFu dll. Finally I’m ready to write the first test, which will look like the following: namespace Calculator.Test {     [TestFixture]     public class CalculatorTest     {         private readonly ServiceContainer container = new ServiceContainer();           [Test]         public void CalculatorLastResultIsInitiallyNull()         {             ICalculator calculator = container.GetService<ICalculator>();               Assert.IsNull(calculator.LastResult);         }       } // class CalculatorTest   } // namespace Calculator.Test       This is basically the executable formulation of what the interface definition states (part of). Side note: There’s one principle of TDD that is just plain wrong in my eyes: I’m talking about the Red is 'does not compile' thing. How could a compiler error ever be interpreted as a valid test outcome? I never understood that, it just makes no sense to me. (Or, in Derick’s terms: this reason is as wrong as a reason ever could be…) A compiler error tells me: Your code is incorrect, but nothing more.  Instead, the ‘Red’ part of the red-green-refactor cycle has a clearly defined meaning to me: It means that the test works as intended and fails only if its assumptions are not met for some reason. Back to our Calculator. When I execute the above test with R#, the Gallio plugin will give me this output: So this tells me that the test is red for the wrong reason: There’s no implementation that the IoC-container could load, of course. So let’s fix that. With R#, this is very easy: First, create an ICalculator - derived type:        Next, implement the interface members: And finally, move the new class to its own file: So far my ‘work’ was six mouse clicks long, the only thing that’s left to do manually here, is to add the Ioc-specific wiring-declaration and also to make the respective class non-public, which I regularly do to force my components to communicate exclusively via interfaces: This is what my Calculator class looks like as of now: using System; using LinFu.IoC.Configuration;   namespace Calculator {     [Implements(typeof(ICalculator))]     internal class Calculator : ICalculator     {         public double? LastResult         {             get             {                 throw new NotImplementedException();             }         }     } } Back to the test fixture, we have to put our IoC container to work: [TestFixture] public class CalculatorTest {     #region Fields       private readonly ServiceContainer container = new ServiceContainer();       #endregion // Fields       #region Setup/TearDown       [FixtureSetUp]     public void FixtureSetUp()     {        container.LoadFrom(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "Calculator.dll");     }       ... Because I have a R# live template defined for the setup/teardown method skeleton as well, the only manual coding here again is the IoC-specific stuff: two lines, not more… The ‘Red’ (pt. 2) Now, the execution of the above test gives the following result: This time, the test outcome tells me that the method under test is called. And this is the point, where Derick and I seem to have somewhat different views on the subject: Of course, the test still is worthless regarding the red/green outcome (or: it’s still red for the wrong reasons, in that it gives a false negative). But as far as I am concerned, I’m not really interested in the test outcome at this point of the red-green-refactor cycle. Rather, I only want to assert that my test actually calls the right method. If that’s the case, I will happily go on to the ‘Green’ part… The ‘Green’ Making the test green is quite trivial. Just make LastResult an automatic property:     [Implements(typeof(ICalculator))]     internal class Calculator : ICalculator     {         public double? LastResult { get; private set; }     }         One more round… Now on to something slightly more demanding (cough…). Let’s state that our Calculator exposes an Add() method:         ...   /// <summary>         /// Adds the specified operands.         /// </summary>         /// <param name="operand1">The operand1.</param>         /// <param name="operand2">The operand2.</param>         /// <returns>The result of the additon.</returns>         /// <exception cref="ArgumentException">         /// Argument <paramref name="operand1"/> is &lt; 0.<br/>         /// -- or --<br/>         /// Argument <paramref name="operand2"/> is &lt; 0.         /// </exception>         double Add(double operand1, double operand2);       } // interface ICalculator A remark: I sometimes hear the complaint that xml comment stuff like the above is hard to read. That’s certainly true, but irrelevant to me, because I read xml code comments with the CR_Documentor tool window. And using that, it looks like this:   Apart from that, I’m heavily using xml code comments (see e.g. here for a detailed guide) because there is the possibility of automating help generation with nightly CI builds (using MS Sandcastle and the Sandcastle Help File Builder), and then publishing the results to some intranet location.  This way, a team always has first class, up-to-date technical documentation at hand about the current codebase. (And, also very important for speeding up things and avoiding typos: You have IntelliSense/AutoCompletion and R# support, and the comments are subject to compiler checking…).     Back to our Calculator again: Two more R# – clicks implement the Add() skeleton:         ...           public double Add(double operand1, double operand2)         {             throw new NotImplementedException();         }       } // class Calculator As we have stated in the interface definition (which actually serves as our requirement document!), the operands are not allowed to be negative. So let’s start implementing that. Here’s the test: [Test] [Row(-0.5, 2)] public void AddThrowsOnNegativeOperands(double operand1, double operand2) {     ICalculator calculator = container.GetService<ICalculator>();       Assert.Throws<ArgumentException>(() => calculator.Add(operand1, operand2)); } As you can see, I’m using a data-driven unit test method here, mainly for these two reasons: Because I know that I will have to do the same test for the second operand in a few seconds, I save myself from implementing another test method for this purpose. Rather, I only will have to add another Row attribute to the existing one. From the test report below, you can see that the argument values are explicitly printed out. This can be a valuable documentation feature even when everything is green: One can quickly review what values were tested exactly - the complete Gallio HTML-report (as it will be produced by the Continuous Integration runs) shows these values in a quite clear format (see below for an example). Back to our Calculator development again, this is what the test result tells us at the moment: So we’re red again, because there is not yet an implementation… Next we go on and implement the necessary parameter verification to become green again, and then we do the same thing for the second operand. To make a long story short, here’s the test and the method implementation at the end of the second cycle: // in CalculatorTest:   [Test] [Row(-0.5, 2)] [Row(295, -123)] public void AddThrowsOnNegativeOperands(double operand1, double operand2) {     ICalculator calculator = container.GetService<ICalculator>();       Assert.Throws<ArgumentException>(() => calculator.Add(operand1, operand2)); }   // in Calculator: public double Add(double operand1, double operand2) {     if (operand1 < 0.0)     {         throw new ArgumentException("Value must not be negative.", "operand1");     }     if (operand2 < 0.0)     {         throw new ArgumentException("Value must not be negative.", "operand2");     }     throw new NotImplementedException(); } So far, we have sheltered our method from unwanted input, and now we can safely operate on the parameters without further caring about their validity (this is my interpretation of the Fail Fast principle, which is regarded here in more detail). Now we can think about the method’s successful outcomes. First let’s write another test for that: [Test] [Row(1, 1, 2)] public void TestAdd(double operand1, double operand2, double expectedResult) {     ICalculator calculator = container.GetService<ICalculator>();       double result = calculator.Add(operand1, operand2);       Assert.AreEqual(expectedResult, result); } Again, I’m regularly using row based test methods for these kinds of unit tests. The above shown pattern proved to be extremely helpful for my development work, I call it the Defined-Input/Expected-Output test idiom: You define your input arguments together with the expected method result. There are two major benefits from that way of testing: In the course of refining a method, it’s very likely to come up with additional test cases. In our case, we might add tests for some edge cases like ‘one of the operands is zero’ or ‘the sum of the two operands causes an overflow’, or maybe there’s an external test protocol that has to be fulfilled (e.g. an ISO norm for medical software), and this results in the need of testing against additional values. In all these scenarios we only have to add another Row attribute to the test. Remember that the argument values are written to the test report, so as a side-effect this produces valuable documentation. (This can become especially important if the fulfillment of some sort of external requirements has to be proven). So your test method might look something like that in the end: [Test, Description("Arguments: operand1, operand2, expectedResult")] [Row(1, 1, 2)] [Row(0, 999999999, 999999999)] [Row(0, 0, 0)] [Row(0, double.MaxValue, double.MaxValue)] [Row(4, double.MaxValue - 2.5, double.MaxValue)] public void TestAdd(double operand1, double operand2, double expectedResult) {     ICalculator calculator = container.GetService<ICalculator>();       double result = calculator.Add(operand1, operand2);       Assert.AreEqual(expectedResult, result); } And this will produce the following HTML report (with Gallio):   Not bad for the amount of work we invested in it, huh? - There might be scenarios where reports like that can be useful for demonstration purposes during a Scrum sprint review… The last requirement to fulfill is that the LastResult property is expected to store the result of the last operation. I don’t show this here, it’s trivial enough and brings nothing new… And finally: Refactor (for the right reasons) To demonstrate my way of going through the refactoring portion of the red-green-refactor cycle, I added another method to our Calculator component, namely Subtract(). Here’s the code (tests and production): // CalculatorTest.cs:   [Test, Description("Arguments: operand1, operand2, expectedResult")] [Row(1, 1, 0)] [Row(0, 999999999, -999999999)] [Row(0, 0, 0)] [Row(0, double.MaxValue, -double.MaxValue)] [Row(4, double.MaxValue - 2.5, -double.MaxValue)] public void TestSubtract(double operand1, double operand2, double expectedResult) {     ICalculator calculator = container.GetService<ICalculator>();       double result = calculator.Subtract(operand1, operand2);       Assert.AreEqual(expectedResult, result); }   [Test, Description("Arguments: operand1, operand2, expectedResult")] [Row(1, 1, 0)] [Row(0, 999999999, -999999999)] [Row(0, 0, 0)] [Row(0, double.MaxValue, -double.MaxValue)] [Row(4, double.MaxValue - 2.5, -double.MaxValue)] public void TestSubtractGivesExpectedLastResult(double operand1, double operand2, double expectedResult) {     ICalculator calculator = container.GetService<ICalculator>();       calculator.Subtract(operand1, operand2);       Assert.AreEqual(expectedResult, calculator.LastResult); }   ...   // ICalculator.cs: /// <summary> /// Subtracts the specified operands. /// </summary> /// <param name="operand1">The operand1.</param> /// <param name="operand2">The operand2.</param> /// <returns>The result of the subtraction.</returns> /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"> /// Argument <paramref name="operand1"/> is &lt; 0.<br/> /// -- or --<br/> /// Argument <paramref name="operand2"/> is &lt; 0. /// </exception> double Subtract(double operand1, double operand2);   ...   // Calculator.cs:   public double Subtract(double operand1, double operand2) {     if (operand1 < 0.0)     {         throw new ArgumentException("Value must not be negative.", "operand1");     }       if (operand2 < 0.0)     {         throw new ArgumentException("Value must not be negative.", "operand2");     }       return (this.LastResult = operand1 - operand2).Value; }   Obviously, the argument validation stuff that was produced during the red-green part of our cycle duplicates the code from the previous Add() method. So, to avoid code duplication and minimize the number of code lines of the production code, we do an Extract Method refactoring. One more time, this is only a matter of a few mouse clicks (and giving the new method a name) with R#: Having done that, our production code finally looks like that: using System; using LinFu.IoC.Configuration;   namespace Calculator {     [Implements(typeof(ICalculator))]     internal class Calculator : ICalculator     {         #region ICalculator           public double? LastResult { get; private set; }           public double Add(double operand1, double operand2)         {             ThrowIfOneOperandIsInvalid(operand1, operand2);               return (this.LastResult = operand1 + operand2).Value;         }           public double Subtract(double operand1, double operand2)         {             ThrowIfOneOperandIsInvalid(operand1, operand2);               return (this.LastResult = operand1 - operand2).Value;         }           #endregion // ICalculator           #region Implementation (Helper)           private static void ThrowIfOneOperandIsInvalid(double operand1, double operand2)         {             if (operand1 < 0.0)             {                 throw new ArgumentException("Value must not be negative.", "operand1");             }               if (operand2 < 0.0)             {                 throw new ArgumentException("Value must not be negative.", "operand2");             }         }           #endregion // Implementation (Helper)       } // class Calculator   } // namespace Calculator But is the above worth the effort at all? It’s obviously trivial and not very impressive. All our tests were green (for the right reasons), and refactoring the code did not change anything. It’s not immediately clear how this refactoring work adds value to the project. Derick puts it like this: STOP! Hold on a second… before you go any further and before you even think about refactoring what you just wrote to make your test pass, you need to understand something: if your done with your requirements after making the test green, you are not required to refactor the code. I know… I’m speaking heresy, here. Toss me to the wolves, I’ve gone over to the dark side! Seriously, though… if your test is passing for the right reasons, and you do not need to write any test or any more code for you class at this point, what value does refactoring add? Derick immediately answers his own question: So why should you follow the refactor portion of red/green/refactor? When you have added code that makes the system less readable, less understandable, less expressive of the domain or concern’s intentions, less architecturally sound, less DRY, etc, then you should refactor it. I couldn’t state it more precise. From my personal perspective, I’d add the following: You have to keep in mind that real-world software systems are usually quite large and there are dozens or even hundreds of occasions where micro-refactorings like the above can be applied. It’s the sum of them all that counts. And to have a good overall quality of the system (e.g. in terms of the Code Duplication Percentage metric) you have to be pedantic on the individual, seemingly trivial cases. My job regularly requires the reading and understanding of ‘foreign’ code. So code quality/readability really makes a HUGE difference for me – sometimes it can be even the difference between project success and failure… Conclusions The above described development process emerged over the years, and there were mainly two things that guided its evolution (you might call it eternal principles, personal beliefs, or anything in between): Test-driven development is the normal, natural way of writing software, code-first is exceptional. So ‘doing TDD or not’ is not a question. And good, stable code can only reliably be produced by doing TDD (yes, I know: many will strongly disagree here again, but I’ve never seen high-quality code – and high-quality code is code that stood the test of time and causes low maintenance costs – that was produced code-first…) It’s the production code that pays our bills in the end. (Though I have seen customers these days who demand an acceptance test battery as part of the final delivery. Things seem to go into the right direction…). The test code serves ‘only’ to make the production code work. But it’s the number of delivered features which solely counts at the end of the day - no matter how much test code you wrote or how good it is. With these two things in mind, I tried to optimize my coding process for coding speed – or, in business terms: productivity - without sacrificing the principles of TDD (more than I’d do either way…).  As a result, I consider a ratio of about 3-5/1 for test code vs. production code as normal and desirable. In other words: roughly 60-80% of my code is test code (This might sound heavy, but that is mainly due to the fact that software development standards only begin to evolve. The entire software development profession is very young, historically seen; only at the very beginning, and there are no viable standards yet. If you think about software development as a kind of casting process, where the test code is the mold and the resulting production code is the final product, then the above ratio sounds no longer extraordinary…) Although the above might look like very much unnecessary work at first sight, it’s not. With the aid of the mentioned add-ins, doing all the above is a matter of minutes, sometimes seconds (while writing this post took hours and days…). The most important thing is to have the right tools at hand. Slow developer machines or the lack of a tool or something like that - for ‘saving’ a few 100 bucks -  is just not acceptable and a very bad decision in business terms (though I quite some times have seen and heard that…). Production of high-quality products needs the usage of high-quality tools. This is a platitude that every craftsman knows… The here described round-trip will take me about five to ten minutes in my real-world development practice. I guess it’s about 30% more time compared to developing the ‘traditional’ (code-first) way. But the so manufactured ‘product’ is of much higher quality and massively reduces maintenance costs, which is by far the single biggest cost factor, as I showed in this previous post: It's the maintenance, stupid! (or: Something is rotten in developerland.). In the end, this is a highly cost-effective way of software development… But on the other hand, there clearly is a trade-off here: coding speed vs. code quality/later maintenance costs. The here described development method might be a perfect fit for the overwhelming majority of software projects, but there certainly are some scenarios where it’s not - e.g. if time-to-market is crucial for a software project. So this is a business decision in the end. It’s just that you have to know what you’re doing and what consequences this might have… Some last words First, I’d like to thank Derick Bailey again. His two aforementioned posts (which I strongly recommend for reading) inspired me to think deeply about my own personal way of doing TDD and to clarify my thoughts about it. I wouldn’t have done that without this inspiration. I really enjoy that kind of discussions… I agree with him in all respects. But I don’t know (yet?) how to bring his insights into the described production process without slowing things down. The above described method proved to be very “good enough” in my practical experience. But of course, I’m open to suggestions here… My rationale for now is: If the test is initially red during the red-green-refactor cycle, the ‘right reason’ is: it actually calls the right method, but this method is not yet operational. Later on, when the cycle is finished and the tests become part of the regular, automated Continuous Integration process, ‘red’ certainly must occur for the ‘right reason’: in this phase, ‘red’ MUST mean nothing but an unfulfilled assertion - Fail By Assertion, Not By Anything Else!

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• TCP RST right after FIN/ACK

  - by Nitzan Shaked

  I am having the weirdest issue: I have a web server which sometimes, only on very specific requests, will send a RST to the client after having sent the FIN datagram. First, a description of the setup: The server runs on an Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS, which itself is a VM guest inside a Win7 x64 host, in bridged mode. ufw is disabled on the host The client runs on a iOS simulator, which runs on OS X Mountain Lion, which is a VM guest (hackintosh) inside a Win7 x64 host, in bridged mode. Both client and server are on the same LAN, one is connected to the home router via an Ethernet cable, and then other thru WiFi. I happened to glimpse over the server's http logs and found that the client sometimes issuing multiple subsequent identical requests. Further investigation led me to discover that this happens when the server sends a RST, and that the client is simply re-trying. I am attaching several tcpdump's: Good1 is the server-side tcpdump of a good session ("good" meaning no RST was generated). Good3 is another sever-side tcpdump of a good session. (The difference between Good1 and Good3 is the order in which ACK's were sent from the server to the client, ACK'ing the client's request. The client's request arives in 2 segements (specifically: one for the http headers, and another for a body containing an empty json object, "{}"). In Good1, the server ACK's both request segments, using 2 ACK segments, after the second request has arrived. In Good3, the server ACK's each request segment with an ACK segment as soon as the request segment arrives. Not that it should make a difference.) Bad1 is a dump, both client- and server-side, of a bad session. Bad2 is another bad session, this time server-side only. Note that in all "bad" sessions, the server ACK's each request segments immediately after having received it. I've looked at a few other bad sessions, and the situation is the same in all of them. But this is also the behavior in "Good3", so I don't see how that observation helps me, of for that matter why it should matter. I can't find any difference between good and bad sessions, or at least one that I think should matter. My question is: why are those RST's being generated? Or at least: how do I go about debugging this, or providing more info here that'll help? Edit 2 new facts that I have learned: Section 4.2.2.13 of the RFC (1122) (and Wikipedia, in the article "TCP", under "Connection Termination") says that a TCP application on one host may close the connection before it has read all of the data in its socket buffer, and in such a case the TCP on the host will sent a RST to the other side, to let it know that not all the data it has sent has been read. I'm not sure I completely understand this, since closing my side of the connection still allows me to read, no? It also means that I can't write any more. I am not sure this is relevant, though, since I see a RST after FIN. There are multiple complaints of this happening with wsgiref (Python's dev-mode HTTP server), which is exactly what I'm using. I'll keep updating as I find out more. Thanks! ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Good1 -- Server Side ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 13:28:02.308319 IP 192.168.1.51.51479 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [S], seq 94268074, win 65535, options [mss 1460,nop,wscale 4,nop,nop,TS val 943308864 ecr 0,sackOK,eol], length 0 13:28:02.308336 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51479: Flags [S.], seq 1726304574, ack 94268075, win 14480, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 326480982 ecr 943308864,nop,wscale 3], length 0 13:28:02.309750 IP 192.168.1.51.51479 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [.], ack 1, win 8235, options [nop,nop,TS val 943308865 ecr 326480982], length 0 13:28:02.310744 IP 192.168.1.51.51479 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [P.], seq 1:351, ack 1, win 8235, options [nop,nop,TS val 943308865 ecr 326480982], length 350 13:28:02.310766 IP 192.168.1.51.51479 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [P.], seq 351:353, ack 1, win 8235, options [nop,nop,TS val 943308865 ecr 326480982], length 2 13:28:02.310841 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51479: Flags [.], ack 351, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480983 ecr 943308865], length 0 13:28:02.310918 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51479: Flags [.], ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480983 ecr 943308865], length 0 13:28:02.315931 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51479: Flags [P.], seq 1:18, ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480984 ecr 943308865], length 17 13:28:02.316107 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51479: Flags [FP.], seq 18:684, ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480984 ecr 943308865], length 666 13:28:02.317651 IP 192.168.1.51.51479 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [.], ack 18, win 8234, options [nop,nop,TS val 943308872 ecr 326480984], length 0 13:28:02.318288 IP 192.168.1.51.51479 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [.], ack 685, win 8192, options [nop,nop,TS val 943308872 ecr 326480984], length 0 13:28:02.318640 IP 192.168.1.51.51479 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [F.], seq 353, ack 685, win 8192, options [nop,nop,TS val 943308872 ecr 326480984], length 0 13:28:02.318651 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51479: Flags [.], ack 354, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480985 ecr 943308872], length 0 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Good3 -- Server Side ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 13:28:03.311143 IP 192.168.1.51.51486 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [S], seq 1982901126, win 65535, options [mss 1460,nop,wscale 4,nop,nop,TS val 943309853 ecr 0,sackOK,eol], length 0 13:28:03.311155 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51486: Flags [S.], seq 2245063571, ack 1982901127, win 14480, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 326481233 ecr 943309853,nop,wscale 3], length 0 13:28:03.312671 IP 192.168.1.51.51486 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [.], ack 1, win 8235, options [nop,nop,TS val 943309854 ecr 326481233], length 0 13:28:03.313330 IP 192.168.1.51.51486 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [P.], seq 1:351, ack 1, win 8235, options [nop,nop,TS val 943309855 ecr 326481233], length 350 13:28:03.313337 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51486: Flags [.], ack 351, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326481234 ecr 943309855], length 0 13:28:03.313342 IP 192.168.1.51.51486 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [P.], seq 351:353, ack 1, win 8235, options [nop,nop,TS val 943309855 ecr 326481233], length 2 13:28:03.313346 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51486: Flags [.], ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326481234 ecr 943309855], length 0 13:28:03.327942 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51486: Flags [P.], seq 1:18, ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326481237 ecr 943309855], length 17 13:28:03.328253 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51486: Flags [FP.], seq 18:684, ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326481237 ecr 943309855], length 666 13:28:03.329076 IP 192.168.1.51.51486 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [.], ack 18, win 8234, options [nop,nop,TS val 943309868 ecr 326481237], length 0 13:28:03.329688 IP 192.168.1.51.51486 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [.], ack 685, win 8192, options [nop,nop,TS val 943309868 ecr 326481237], length 0 13:28:03.330361 IP 192.168.1.51.51486 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [F.], seq 353, ack 685, win 8192, options [nop,nop,TS val 943309869 ecr 326481237], length 0 13:28:03.330370 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51486: Flags [.], ack 354, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326481238 ecr 943309869], length 0 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Bad1 -- Server Side ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 13:28:01.311876 IP 192.168.1.51.51472 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [S], seq 920400580, win 65535, options [mss 1460,nop,wscale 4,nop,nop,TS val 943307883 ecr 0,sackOK,eol], length 0 13:28:01.311896 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51472: Flags [S.], seq 3103085782, ack 920400581, win 14480, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 326480733 ecr 943307883,nop,wscale 3], length 0 13:28:01.313509 IP 192.168.1.51.51472 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [.], ack 1, win 8235, options [nop,nop,TS val 943307884 ecr 326480733], length 0 13:28:01.315614 IP 192.168.1.51.51472 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [P.], seq 1:351, ack 1, win 8235, options [nop,nop,TS val 943307886 ecr 326480733], length 350 13:28:01.315727 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51472: Flags [.], ack 351, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480734 ecr 943307886], length 0 13:28:01.316229 IP 192.168.1.51.51472 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [P.], seq 351:353, ack 1, win 8235, options [nop,nop,TS val 943307886 ecr 326480733], length 2 13:28:01.316242 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51472: Flags [.], ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480734 ecr 943307886], length 0 13:28:01.321019 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51472: Flags [P.], seq 1:18, ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480735 ecr 943307886], length 17 13:28:01.321294 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51472: Flags [FP.], seq 18:684, ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480736 ecr 943307886], length 666 13:28:01.321386 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51472: Flags [R.], seq 685, ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480736 ecr 943307886], length 0 13:28:01.322727 IP 192.168.1.51.51472 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [.], ack 18, win 8234, options [nop,nop,TS val 943307891 ecr 326480735], length 0 13:28:01.322733 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51472: Flags [R], seq 3103085800, win 0, length 0 13:28:01.323221 IP 192.168.1.51.51472 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [.], ack 685, win 8192, options [nop,nop,TS val 943307892 ecr 326480736], length 0 13:28:01.323231 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51472: Flags [R], seq 3103086467, win 0, length 0 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Bad1 -- Client Side ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 13:28:11.374654 IP 192.168.1.51.51472 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [S], seq 920400580, win 65535, options [mss 1460,nop,wscale 4,nop,nop,TS val 943307883 ecr 0,sackOK,eol], length 0 13:28:11.375764 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51472: Flags [S.], seq 3103085782, ack 920400581, win 14480, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 326480733 ecr 943307883,nop,wscale 3], length 0 13:28:11.376352 IP 192.168.1.51.51472 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [.], ack 1, win 8235, options [nop,nop,TS val 943307884 ecr 326480733], length 0 13:28:11.378252 IP 192.168.1.51.51472 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [P.], seq 1:351, ack 1, win 8235, options [nop,nop,TS val 943307886 ecr 326480733], length 350 13:28:11.379027 IP 192.168.1.51.51472 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [P.], seq 351:353, ack 1, win 8235, options [nop,nop,TS val 943307886 ecr 326480733], length 2 13:28:11.379732 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51472: Flags [.], ack 351, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480734 ecr 943307886], length 0 13:28:11.380592 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51472: Flags [.], ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480734 ecr 943307886], length 0 13:28:11.384968 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51472: Flags [P.], seq 1:18, ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480735 ecr 943307886], length 17 13:28:11.385044 IP 192.168.1.51.51472 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [.], ack 18, win 8234, options [nop,nop,TS val 943307891 ecr 326480735], length 0 13:28:11.385586 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51472: Flags [FP.], seq 18:684, ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480736 ecr 943307886], length 666 13:28:11.385743 IP 192.168.1.51.51472 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [.], ack 685, win 8192, options [nop,nop,TS val 943307892 ecr 326480736], length 0 13:28:11.385966 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51472: Flags [R.], seq 685, ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480736 ecr 943307886], length 0 13:28:11.387343 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51472: Flags [R], seq 3103085800, win 0, length 0 13:28:11.387344 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51472: Flags [R], seq 3103086467, win 0, length 0 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Bad2 -- Server Side ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 13:28:01.319185 IP 192.168.1.51.51473 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [S], seq 1631526992, win 65535, options [mss 1460,nop,wscale 4,nop,nop,TS val 943307889 ecr 0,sackOK,eol], length 0 13:28:01.319197 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51473: Flags [S.], seq 2524685719, ack 1631526993, win 14480, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 326480735 ecr 943307889,nop,wscale 3], length 0 13:28:01.320692 IP 192.168.1.51.51473 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [.], ack 1, win 8235, options [nop,nop,TS val 943307890 ecr 326480735], length 0 13:28:01.322219 IP 192.168.1.51.51473 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [P.], seq 1:351, ack 1, win 8235, options [nop,nop,TS val 943307890 ecr 326480735], length 350 13:28:01.322336 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51473: Flags [.], ack 351, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480736 ecr 943307890], length 0 13:28:01.322689 IP 192.168.1.51.51473 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [P.], seq 351:353, ack 1, win 8235, options [nop,nop,TS val 943307890 ecr 326480735], length 2 13:28:01.322700 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51473: Flags [.], ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480736 ecr 943307890], length 0 13:28:01.326307 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51473: Flags [P.], seq 1:18, ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480737 ecr 943307890], length 17 13:28:01.326614 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51473: Flags [FP.], seq 18:684, ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480737 ecr 943307890], length 666 13:28:01.326710 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51473: Flags [R.], seq 685, ack 353, win 1944, options [nop,nop,TS val 326480737 ecr 943307890], length 0 13:28:01.328499 IP 192.168.1.51.51473 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [.], ack 18, win 8234, options [nop,nop,TS val 943307896 ecr 326480737], length 0 13:28:01.328509 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51473: Flags [R], seq 2524685737, win 0, length 0 13:28:01.328514 IP 192.168.1.51.51473 > 192.168.1.132.5000: Flags [.], ack 685, win 8192, options [nop,nop,TS val 943307896 ecr 326480737], length 0 13:28:01.328517 IP 192.168.1.132.5000 > 192.168.1.51.51473: Flags [R], seq 2524686404, win 0, length 0

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• Setting up Mono/ASP.NET 4.0 on Apache2/Ubuntu: Virtual hosts?

  - by Dave

  I'm attempting to setup Mono/ASP.NET 4.0 on my Apache server (which is running on Ubuntu). Thus far, I've been following a few tutorials/scripts supplied here, and here. As of now: Apache 2.2 is installed (accessible via 'localhost') Mono 2.10.5 is installed However, I'm struggling to configure Apache correctly... apparently the Virtual Host setting isn't doing its job and invoking the mod_mono plugin, nor is it even pulling source from the proper directory. While the Virtual Host setting points to '\srv\www\localhost', it clearly is pulling content instead from 'var/www/', which I've found is the default DocumentRoot for virtual hosts. I can confirm: "/opt/mono-2.10/bin/mod-mono-server4" exists. Virtual hosts file is being read, since undoing the comment in the main httpd.conf changed the root directory from 'htdocs' to 'var/www/' The Mono installation is at least semi-capable of running ASP 4.0, as evidenced by running XSP, navigating to 0.0.0.0:8080/ and getting an ASP.NET style error page with "Mono ASP 4.0.x" at the bottom. Can anyone point out how to fix these configurations and get Mono linked up with Apache? Here are my configs and relevant information: /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf: # # This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file. It contains the # configuration directives that give the server its instructions. # See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2> for detailed information. # In particular, see # <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/directives.html> # for a discussion of each configuration directive. # # Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding # what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure # consult the online docs. You have been warned. # # Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many # of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the # server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin # with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo_log" # with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache2" will be interpreted by the # server as "/usr/local/apache2/logs/foo_log". # # ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's # configuration, error, and log files are kept. # # Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path. If you point # ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to point the LockFile directive # at a local disk. If you wish to share the same ServerRoot for multiple # httpd daemons, you will need to change at least LockFile and PidFile. # ServerRoot "/usr/local/apache2" # # Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or # ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost> # directive. # # Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to # prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses. # #Listen 12.34.56.78:80 Listen 80 # # Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support # # To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you # have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the # directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used. # Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need # to be loaded here. # # Example: # LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so # <IfModule !mpm_netware_module> <IfModule !mpm_winnt_module> # # If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run # httpd as root initially and it will switch. # # User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as. # It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for # running httpd, as with most system services. # User daemon Group daemon </IfModule> </IfModule> # 'Main' server configuration # # The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main' # server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a # <VirtualHost> definition. These values also provide defaults for # any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file. # # All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers, # in which case these default settings will be overridden for the # virtual host being defined. # # # ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be # e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such # as error documents. e.g. [email protected] # ServerAdmin david@localhost # # ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself. # This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify # it explicitly to prevent problems during startup. # # If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here. # ServerName localhost:80 # # DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your # documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but # symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations. # DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache2/htdocs" # # Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect # to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that # directory (and its subdirectories). # # First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of # features. # <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all </Directory> # # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow # particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as # you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it # below. # # # This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to. # <Directory "/usr/local/apache2/htdocs"> # # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All", # or any combination of: # Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews # # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All" # doesn't give it to you. # # The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options # for more information. # Options Indexes FollowSymLinks # # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files. # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords: # Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit # AllowOverride None # # Controls who can get stuff from this server. # Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # # DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory # is requested. # <IfModule dir_module> DirectoryIndex index.html </IfModule> # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # <FilesMatch "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy All </FilesMatch> # # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. # If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost> # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # ErrorLog "logs/error_log" # # LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log. # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. # LogLevel warn <IfModule log_config_module> # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common <IfModule logio_module> # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio </IfModule> # # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format). # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost> # container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do* # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be # logged therein and *not* in this file. # CustomLog "logs/access_log" common # # If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive. # #CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined </IfModule> <IfModule alias_module> # # Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to # exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client # will make a new request for the document at its new location. # Example: # Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar # # Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to # access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot. # Example: # Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path # # If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will # require it to be present in the URL. You will also likely # need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to # the filesystem path. # # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts. # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that # documents in the target directory are treated as applications and # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the # client. The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias # directives as to Alias. # ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin/" </IfModule> <IfModule cgid_module> # # ScriptSock: On threaded servers, designate the path to the UNIX # socket used to communicate with the CGI daemon of mod_cgid. # #Scriptsock logs/cgisock </IfModule> # # "/usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased # CGI directory exists, if you have that configured. # <Directory "/usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # # DefaultType: the default MIME type the server will use for a document # if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions. # If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is # a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications # or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to # keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are # text. # DefaultType text/plain <IfModule mime_module> # # TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from # filename extension to MIME-type. # TypesConfig conf/mime.types # # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types. # #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz # # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this. # #AddEncoding x-compress .Z #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz # # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types: # AddType application/x-compress .Z AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz # # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers": # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server # or added with the Action directive (see below) # # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories: # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.) # #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi # For type maps (negotiated resources): #AddHandler type-map var # # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client. # # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI): # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.) # #AddType text/html .shtml #AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml </IfModule> # # The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the # contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile # directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located. # #MIMEMagicFile conf/magic # # Customizable error responses come in three flavors: # 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects # # Some examples: #ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo." #ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html #ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl" #ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html # # # MaxRanges: Maximum number of Ranges in a request before # returning the entire resource, or 0 for unlimited # Default setting is to accept 200 Ranges #MaxRanges 0 # # EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it, # memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall is used to deliver # files. This usually improves server performance, but must # be turned off when serving from networked-mounted # filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise # broken on your system. # #EnableMMAP off #EnableSendfile off # Supplemental configuration # # The configuration files in the conf/extra/ directory can be # included to add extra features or to modify the default configuration of # the server, or you may simply copy their contents here and change as # necessary. # Server-pool management (MPM specific) #Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf # Multi-language error messages #Include conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf # Fancy directory listings #Include conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf # Language settings #Include conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf # User home directories #Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf # Real-time info on requests and configuration #Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf # Virtual hosts Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf # Local access to the Apache HTTP Server Manual #Include conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf # Distributed authoring and versioning (WebDAV) #Include conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf # Various default settings #Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf # Secure (SSL/TLS) connections #Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf # # Note: The following must must be present to support # starting without SSL on platforms with no /dev/random equivalent # but a statically compiled-in mod_ssl. # <IfModule ssl_module> SSLRandomSeed startup builtin SSLRandomSeed connect builtin </IfModule> * /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf * # # Virtual Hosts # # If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on your # machine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them. Most configurations # use only name-based virtual hosts so the server doesn't need to worry about # IP addresses. This is indicated by the asterisks in the directives below. # # Please see the documentation at # <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/vhosts/> # for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts. # # You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual host # configuration. # # Use name-based virtual hosting. # NameVirtualHost *:80 # # VirtualHost example: # Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container. # The first VirtualHost section is used for all requests that do not # match a ServerName or ServerAlias in any <VirtualHost> block. # <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName localhost ServerAdmin david@localhost DocumentRoot "/srv/www/localhost" # MonoServerPath can be changed to specify which version of ASP.NET is hosted # mod-mono-server1 = ASP.NET 1.1 / mod-mono-server2 = ASP.NET 2.0 # For SUSE Linux Enterprise Mono Extension, uncomment the line below: # MonoServerPath localhost "/opt/novell/mono/bin/mod-mono-server2" # For Mono on openSUSE, uncomment the line below instead: MonoServerPath localhost "/opt/mono-2.10/bin/mod-mono-server4" # To obtain line numbers in stack traces you need to do two things: # 1) Enable Debug code generation in your page by using the Debug="true" # page directive, or by setting <compilation debug="true" /> in the # application's Web.config # 2) Uncomment the MonoDebug true directive below to enable mod_mono debugging MonoDebug localhost true # The MONO_IOMAP environment variable can be configured to provide platform abstraction # for file access in Linux. Valid values for MONO_IOMAP are: # case # drive # all # Uncomment the line below to alter file access behavior for the configured application MonoSetEnv localhost PATH=/opt/mono-2.10/bin:$PATH;LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/mono-2.10/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH; # # Additional environtment variables can be set for this server instance using # the MonoSetEnv directive. MonoSetEnv takes a string of 'name=value' pairs # separated by semicolons. For instance, to enable platform abstraction *and* # use Mono's old regular expression interpreter (which is slower, but has a # shorter setup time), uncomment the line below instead: # MonoSetEnv localhost MONO_IOMAP=all;MONO_OLD_RX=1 MonoApplications localhost "/:/srv/www/localhost" <Location "/"> Allow from all Order allow,deny MonoSetServerAlias localhost SetHandler mono SetOutputFilter DEFLATE SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI "\.(?:gif|jpe?g|png)$" no-gzip dont-vary </Location> <IfModule mod_deflate.c> AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html text/plain text/xml text/javascript </IfModule> </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache2/docs/dummy-host.example.com" ServerName dummy-host.example.com ServerAlias www.dummy-host.example.com ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log" CustomLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log" common </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache2/docs/dummy-host2.example.com" ServerName dummy-host2.example.com ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host2.example.com-error_log" CustomLog "logs/dummy-host2.example.com-access_log" common </VirtualHost> mono -V output: root@david-ubuntu:~# mono -V Mono JIT compiler version 2.6.7 (Debian 2.6.7-5ubuntu3) Copyright (C) 2002-2010 Novell, Inc and Contributors. www.mono-project.com TLS: __thread GC: Included Boehm (with typed GC and Parallel Mark) SIGSEGV: altstack Notifications: epoll Architecture: amd64 Disabled: none

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• ls -l freezes terminal locally and remotely

  - by Jakobud

  I've been reading other SF threads regarding ls not returning results or freezing and stalling terminal sessions and it appears they usually the fault of network problems. My problem however, occurs both over remote SSH sessions but also if I am physically at the server itself... I just installed CentOS 5.4 on one of our servers. I'm setting up some rdiff-backup scripts and when I downloaded librsync and untared it, thats when I started seeing some weird behavior with ls -l. wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/librsync/files/librsync/0.9.7/librsync-0.9.7.tar.gz/download /tmp cd /tmp tar -xzf librsync-0.9.7.tar.gz Simple enough. To view the files in this directory I did this: ls results: librsync-0.9.7 librsync-0.9.7.tar.gz Now, if I ls -l, my terminal freezes. I have to re-ssh in to keep going. After reading SF threads, I thought it was network related. So I was extremely surprised to go sit down at the server itself and see the exact same thing happen... So its obviously not a network issues. Even if I ls /tmp/librsync-0.9.7, my terminal freezes just the same... Next I did an strace and got this (warning: wall of text coming....): strace ls -l /tmp execve("/bin/ls", ["ls", "-l", "/tmp"], [/* 21 vars */]) = 0 brk(0) = 0x1c521000 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b8582cc0000 uname({sys="Linux", node="massive.answeron.com", ...}) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=71746, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 71746, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x2b8582cc1000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/librt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0 \"\200\2730\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=53448, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b8582cd3000 mmap(0x30bb800000, 2132936, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x30bb800000 mprotect(0x30bb807000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bba07000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x7000) = 0x30bba07000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/libacl.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\0\31@\2740\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=28008, ...}) = 0 mmap(0x30bc400000, 2120992, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x30bc400000 mprotect(0x30bc406000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bc605000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x5000) = 0x30bc605000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/libselinux.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0`E\300\2730\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=95464, ...}) = 0 mmap(0x30bbc00000, 2192784, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x30bbc00000 mprotect(0x30bbc15000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bbe15000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x15000) = 0x30bbe15000 mmap(0x30bbe17000, 1424, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x30bbe17000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\220\332\201\2720\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1717800, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b8582cd4000 mmap(0x30ba800000, 3498328, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x30ba800000 mprotect(0x30ba94d000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bab4d000, 20480, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x14d000) = 0x30bab4d000 mmap(0x30bab52000, 16728, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x30bab52000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/libpthread.so.0", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\220W\0\2730\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=145824, ...}) = 0 mmap(0x30bb000000, 2204528, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x30bb000000 mprotect(0x30bb016000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bb215000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x15000) = 0x30bb215000 mmap(0x30bb217000, 13168, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x30bb217000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/libattr.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\320\17\300\2750\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=17888, ...}) = 0 mmap(0x30bdc00000, 2110728, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x30bdc00000 mprotect(0x30bdc04000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bde03000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x3000) = 0x30bde03000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\20\16\300\2720\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=23360, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b8582cd5000 mmap(0x30bac00000, 2109696, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x30bac00000 mprotect(0x30bac02000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bae02000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x2000) = 0x30bae02000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/libsepol.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\0=\0\2740\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=247496, ...}) = 0 mmap(0x30bc000000, 2383136, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x30bc000000 mprotect(0x30bc03b000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bc23b000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x3b000) = 0x30bc23b000 mmap(0x30bc23c000, 40224, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x30bc23c000 close(3) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b8582cd6000 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b8582cd7000 arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_FS, 0x2b8582cd6c50) = 0 mprotect(0x30bba07000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x30bab4d000, 16384, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x30bb215000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x30ba61b000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x30bae02000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 munmap(0x2b8582cc1000, 71746) = 0 set_tid_address(0x2b8582cd6ce0) = 24102 set_robust_list(0x2b8582cd6cf0, 0x18) = 0 futex(0x7fff72d02d6c, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGRTMIN, {0x30bb005370, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_SIGINFO, 0x30bb00e7c0}, NULL, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGRT_1, {0x30bb0052b0, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART|SA_SIGINFO, 0x30bb00e7c0}, NULL, 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, [RTMIN RT_1], NULL, 8) = 0 getrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, {rlim_cur=10240*1024, rlim_max=RLIM_INFINITY}) = 0 access("/etc/selinux/", F_OK) = 0 brk(0) = 0x1c521000 brk(0x1c542000) = 0x1c542000 open("/etc/selinux/config", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=448, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b8582cc1000 read(3, "# This file controls the state o"..., 4096) = 448 read(3, "", 4096) = 0 close(3) = 0 munmap(0x2b8582cc1000, 4096) = 0 open("/proc/mounts", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0444, st_size=0, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b8582cc1000 read(3, "rootfs / rootfs rw 0 0\n/dev/root"..., 4096) = 577 close(3) = 0 munmap(0x2b8582cc1000, 4096) = 0 open("/selinux/mls", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "1", 19) = 1 close(3) = 0 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 3 connect(3, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/setrans/.setrans-unix"...}, 110) = 0 sendmsg(3, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(5)=[{"\1\0\0\0", 4}, {"\1\0\0\0", 4}, {"\1\0\0\0", 4}, {"\0", 1}, {"\0", 1}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, MSG_NOSIGNAL) = 14 readv(3, [{"\1\0\0\0", 4}, {"\1\0\0\0", 4}, {"\0\0\0\0", 4}], 3) = 12 readv(3, [{"\0", 1}], 1) = 1 close(3) = 0 open("/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=56413824, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 56413824, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x2b8582cd8000 close(3) = 0 ioctl(1, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or TCGETS, {B38400 opost isig icanon echo ...}) = 0 ioctl(1, TIOCGWINSZ, {ws_row=65, ws_col=137, ws_xpixel=0, ws_ypixel=0}) = 0 open("/usr/share/locale/locale.alias", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2528, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(3, "# Locale name alias data base.\n#"..., 4096) = 2528 read(3, "", 4096) = 0 close(3) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 open("/usr/share/locale/en_US.UTF-8/LC_TIME/coreutils.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/share/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_TIME/coreutils.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/share/locale/en_US/LC_TIME/coreutils.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/share/locale/en.UTF-8/LC_TIME/coreutils.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/share/locale/en.utf8/LC_TIME/coreutils.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/share/locale/en/LC_TIME/coreutils.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) lstat("/tmp", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|S_ISVTX|0777, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0 getxattr("/tmp", "system.posix_acl_access", 0x0, 0) = -1 ENODATA (No data available) getxattr("/tmp", "system.posix_acl_default", 0x0, 0) = -1 ENODATA (No data available) socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 3 fcntl(3, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(3, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"...}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(3) = 0 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 3 fcntl(3, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(3, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"...}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(3) = 0 open("/etc/nsswitch.conf", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1711, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(3, "#\n# /etc/nsswitch.conf\n#\n# An ex"..., 4096) = 1711 read(3, "", 4096) = 0 close(3) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=71746, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 71746, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/libnss_files.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\340\37\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=53880, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 2139432, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x2b85862b7000 mprotect(0x2b85862c1000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x2b85864c0000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x9000) = 0x2b85864c0000 close(3) = 0 mprotect(0x2b85864c0000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 71746) = 0 open("/etc/passwd", O_RDONLY) = 3 fcntl(3, F_GETFD) = 0 fcntl(3, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1823, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(3, "root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash\n"..., 4096) = 1823 close(3) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 3 fcntl(3, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(3, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"...}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(3) = 0 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 3 fcntl(3, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(3, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"...}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(3) = 0 open("/etc/group", O_RDONLY) = 3 fcntl(3, F_GETFD) = 0 fcntl(3, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=743, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(3, "root:x:0:root\nbin:x:1:root,bin,d"..., 4096) = 743 close(3) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 open("/tmp", O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY) = 3 fcntl(3, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 getdents(3, /* 8 entries */, 32768) = 264 lstat("/tmp/librsync-0.9.7.tar.gz", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=453802, ...}) = 0 getxattr("/tmp/librsync-0.9.7.tar.gz", "system.posix_acl_access", 0x0, 0) = -1 ENODATA (No data available) getxattr("/tmp/librsync-0.9.7.tar.gz", "system.posix_acl_default", 0x0, 0) = -1 ENODATA (No data available) lstat("/tmp/librsync-0.9.7", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0777, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0 getxattr("/tmp/librsync-0.9.7", "system.posix_acl_access", 0x0, 0) = -1 ENODATA (No data available) getxattr("/tmp/librsync-0.9.7", "system.posix_acl_default", 0x0, 0) = -1 ENODATA (No data available) open("/etc/passwd", O_RDONLY) = 4 fcntl(4, F_GETFD) = 0 fcntl(4, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1823, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(4, "root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash\n"..., 4096) = 1823 read(4, "", 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=71746, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 71746, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 4, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 close(4) = 0 open("/lib64/libnss_ldap.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 4 read(4, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\300r\4\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=3169960, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 5329912, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0) = 0x2b85864c2000 mprotect(0x2b858679e000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x2b858699d000, 176128, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0x2db000) = 0x2b858699d000 mmap(0x2b85869c8000, 62456, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85869c8000 close(4) = 0 open("/lib64/libcom_err.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 4 read(4, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\320\n\300\2770\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=10000, ...}) = 0 mmap(0x30bfc00000, 2103048, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0) = 0x30bfc00000 mprotect(0x30bfc02000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bfe01000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0x1000) = 0x30bfe01000 close(4) = 0 open("/lib64/libkeyutils.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 4 read(4, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0`\n@\2760\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=9472, ...}) = 0 mmap(0x30be400000, 2102416, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0) = 0x30be400000 mprotect(0x30be402000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30be601000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0x1000) = 0x30be601000 close(4) = 0 open("/lib64/libresolv.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 4 read(4, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\2402\0\2760\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=92736, ...}) = 0 mmap(0x30be000000, 2181864, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0) = 0x30be000000 mprotect(0x30be011000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30be211000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0x11000) = 0x30be211000 mmap(0x30be213000, 6888, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x30be213000 close(4) = 0 mprotect(0x30be211000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 71746) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGPIPE, {0x1, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x30ba8302d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], 0}, 8) = 0 geteuid() = 0 futex(0x2b85869c7708, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 2147483647) = 0 open("/etc/ldap.conf", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=9119, ...}) = 0 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=9119, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(4, "# @(#)$Id: ldap.conf,v 1.38 2006"..., 4096) = 4096 read(4, "Use the OpenLDAP password change"..., 4096) = 4096 read(4, " OpenLDAP 2.0 and earlier is \"no"..., 4096) = 927 read(4, "", 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 uname({sys="Linux", node="massive.answeron.com", ...}) = 0 open("/etc/resolv.conf", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=107, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(4, "; generated by /sbin/dhclient-sc"..., 4096) = 107 read(4, "", 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 4 fcntl(4, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(4, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"...}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(4) = 0 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 4 fcntl(4, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(4, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"...}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(4) = 0 open("/etc/host.conf", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=17, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(4, "order hosts,bind\n", 4096) = 17 read(4, "", 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 futex(0x30bab54d44, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 2147483647) = 0 open("/etc/hosts", O_RDONLY) = 4 fcntl(4, F_GETFD) = 0 fcntl(4, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=187, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(4, "# Do not remove the following li"..., 4096) = 187 read(4, "", 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=71746, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 71746, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 4, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 close(4) = 0 open("/lib64/libnss_dns.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 4 read(4, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\340\17\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=23736, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 2113792, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0) = 0x2b85869d8000 mprotect(0x2b85869dc000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x2b8586bdb000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0x3000) = 0x2b8586bdb000 close(4) = 0 mprotect(0x2b8586bdb000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 71746) = 0 socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_IP) = 4 connect(4, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(53), sin_addr=inet_addr("192.168.10.20")}, 28) = 0 fcntl(4, F_GETFL) = 0x2 (flags O_RDWR) fcntl(4, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 gettimeofday({1276265920, 823870}, NULL) = 0 poll([{fd=4, events=POLLOUT}], 1, 0) = 1 ([{fd=4, revents=POLLOUT}]) sendto(4, "C\v\1\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\7massive\10answeron\3co"..., 38, MSG_NOSIGNAL, NULL, 0) = 38 poll([{fd=4, events=POLLIN}], 1, 5000) = 1 ([{fd=4, revents=POLLIN}]) ioctl(4, FIONREAD, [122]) = 0 recvfrom(4, "C\v\205\200\0\1\0\1\0\2\0\2\7massive\10answeron\3co"..., 1024, 0, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(53), sin_addr=inet_addr("192.168.10.20")}, [16]) = 122 close(4) = 0 open("/etc/openldap/ldap.conf", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=335, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(4, "#\n# LDAP Defaults\n#\n\n# See ldap."..., 4096) = 335 read(4, "", 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 getuid() = 0 geteuid() = 0 getgid() = 0 getegid() = 0 open("/root/ldaprc", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/root/.ldaprc", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat("/etc/ldap.conf", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=9119, ...}) = 0 geteuid() = 0 brk(0x1c566000) = 0x1c566000 open("/etc/hosts", O_RDONLY) = 4 fcntl(4, F_GETFD) = 0 fcntl(4, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=187, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(4, "# Do not remove the following li"..., 4096) = 187 read(4, "", 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 open("/etc/hosts", O_RDONLY) = 4 fcntl(4, F_GETFD) = 0 fcntl(4, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=187, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(4, "# Do not remove the following li"..., 4096) = 187 read(4, "", 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_IP) = 4 connect(4, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(53), sin_addr=inet_addr("192.168.10.20")}, 28) = 0 fcntl(4, F_GETFL) = 0x2 (flags O_RDWR) fcntl(4, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 gettimeofday({1276265920, 855948}, NULL) = 0 poll([{fd=4, events=POLLOUT}], 1, 0) = 1 ([{fd=4, revents=POLLOUT}]) sendto(4, "\32 \1\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\4ldap\10answeron\3com\0\0"..., 35, MSG_NOSIGNAL, NULL, 0) = 35 poll([{fd=4, events=POLLIN}], 1, 5000) = 1 ([{fd=4, revents=POLLIN}]) ioctl(4, FIONREAD, [104]) = 0 recvfrom(4, "\32 \205\200\0\1\0\1\0\1\0\0\4ldap\10answeron\3com\0\0"..., 1024, 0, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(53), sin_addr=inet_addr("192.168.10.20")}, [16]) = 104 close(4) = 0 socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_IP) = 4 connect(4, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(53), sin_addr=inet_addr("192.168.10.20")}, 28) = 0 fcntl(4, F_GETFL) = 0x2 (flags O_RDWR) fcntl(4, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 gettimeofday({1276265920, 858536}, NULL) = 0 poll([{fd=4, events=POLLOUT}], 1, 0) = 1 ([{fd=4, revents=POLLOUT}]) sendto(4, "I\375\1\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\4ldap\10answeron\3com\0\0"..., 35, MSG_NOSIGNAL, NULL, 0) = 35 poll([{fd=4, events=POLLIN}], 1, 5000) = 1 ([{fd=4, revents=POLLIN}]) ioctl(4, FIONREAD, [139]) = 0 recvfrom(4, "I\375\205\200\0\1\0\2\0\2\0\2\4ldap\10answeron\3com\0\0"..., 1024, 0, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(53), sin_addr=inet_addr("192.168.10.20")}, [16]) = 139 close(4) = 0 socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_IP) = 4 fcntl(4, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 setsockopt(4, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, [1], 4) = 0 setsockopt(4, SOL_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, [1], 4) = 0 fcntl(4, F_GETFL) = 0x2 (flags O_RDWR) fcntl(4, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(4, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(389), sin_addr=inet_addr("10.20.0.30")}, 16) = -1 EINPROGRESS (Operation now in progress) poll([{fd=4, events=POLLOUT|POLLERR|POLLHUP}], 1, 120000 And thats where it stops, right there after that last 120000.... Using strace, I can obviously CTRL+C to keep going. But like I said, normally the terminal completely freezes. Anyone have any clues?

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