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• Is it safe to set MySQL isolation to "Read Uncommitted" (dirty reads) for typical Web usage? Even with replication?

  - by Continuation

  I'm working on a website with typical CRUD web usage pattern: similar to blogs or forums where users create/update contents and other users read the content. Seems like it's OK to set the database's isolation level to "Read Uncommitted" (dirty reads) in this case. My understanding of the general drawback of "Read Uncommitted" is that a reader may read uncommitted data that will later be rollbacked. In a CRUD blog/forum usage pattern, will there ever be any rollback? And even if there is, is there any major problem with reading uncommitted data? Right now I'm not using any replication, but in the future if I want to use replication (row-based, not statement-based) will a "Read Uncommitted" isolation level prevent me from doing so? What do you think? Has anyone tried using "Read Uncommitted" on their RDBMS?

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• ???Past Image(pi)

  - by todd.bao(at)oracle.com

  Past Image???RAC??????????,????????????????????????????????,Past Image??????????,?????????????????,?????????????????,??????????????(pi)?????????????????Past Image,????????????:HR.EMPLOYEES??100????101?????5????88???????????????,???????????# ??1: ?????????SYS@RAC1//scripts> select inst_id,status from gv$bh where file#=5 and block#=88;no rows selected# ??1???(???Steve King, ????24000????)SYS@RAC1//scripts> update hr.employees set salary=1 where employee_id=100;1 row updated.# ??2: ????1??xcur????????????,?????????SYS@RAC1//scripts> select inst_id,dirty,status from gv$bh where file#=5 and  block#=88;   INST_ID + D + STATUS---------- + - + -------         1 + Y + xcur1 row selected.# ??2???SYS@RAC2//scripts> update hr.employees set salary=2 where employee_id=101;1 row updated.# ??3: ????2?,?????1??pi??Past Image,???????????????????????SYS@RAC1//scripts> select inst_id,dirty,status from gv$bh where file#=5 and  block#=88;   INST_ID + D + STATUS---------- + - + -------         1 + Y + pi         2 + Y + xcur2 rows selected.# ??1???SYS@RAC1//scripts> update hr.employees set salary=3 where employee_id=100;1 row updated.# ??4: ????1?,?????2???1???????2???????1???????SYS@RAC1//scripts> select inst_id,dirty,status from gv$bh where file#=5 and  block#=88;   INST_ID + D + STATUS---------- + - + -------         1 + Y + pi         1 + Y + xcur         2 + Y + pi3 rows selected.# ??2????SYS@RAC2//scripts> update hr.employees set salary=4 where employee_id=101;1 row updated.# ??5: ????2?,??????????????,DBWR??,??????,??(pi)?????????????(cr)??????????????????????????SYS@RAC1//scripts> select inst_id,dirty,status from gv$bh where file#=5 and  block#=88;   INST_ID + D + STATUS---------- + - + -------         1 + N + cr         1 + N + cr         2 + Y + xcur3 rows selected.# ?????1???SYS@RAC1//scripts> update hr.employees set salary=5 where employee_id=100;1 row updated.# ??6: ????1?,?????2????????????????,?????????SYS@RAC1//scripts> select inst_id,dirty,status from gv$bh where file#=5 and  block#=88;   INST_ID + D + STATUS---------- + - + -------         1 + Y + xcur         1 + N + cr         1 + N + cr         2 + Y + pi4 rows selected.# ??2???SYS@RAC2//scripts> update hr.employees set salary=6 where employee_id=101;1 row updated.# ??7: ????2?,?????1?2????1???????2?????????????4,????????????????SYS@RAC1//scripts> select inst_id,dirty,status from gv$bh where file#=5 and  block#=88;   INST_ID + D + STATUS---------- + - + -------         1 + Y + pi         2 + Y + pi         2 + Y + xcur3 rows selected.# ??1???SYS@RAC1//scripts> update hr.employees set salary=7 where employee_id=100;1 row updated.# ??8: ????1?,?????2?1????2???????1????????????2????????????????????????????????????(????????)????SYS@RAC1//scripts> select inst_id,dirty,status from gv$bh where file#=5 and  block#=88;   INST_ID + D + STATUS---------- + - + -------         1 + Y + pi         1 + Y + xcur         2 + Y + pi         2 + N + cr4 rows selected.??????????, ?xcur??????????:??????xcur????pi?????pi?(?????)???cr?,???cr?????,pi????????????????????????????:?????????????A?B?A:SYS@RAC1//scripts> run  1  begin  2  for i in 1..100000 loop  3  update hr.employees set salary=i where employee_id=100;  4  end loop;  5* end;B:SYS@RAC2//scripts> run  1  begin  2  for i in 1..100000 loop  3  update hr.employees set salary=i where employee_id=101;  4  end loop;  5* end;?????????,???5???88?????buffer cache???????:SYS@RAC2//scripts> select count(*) from gv$bh where file#=5 and block#=88;  COUNT(*)----------       4121 row selected.??409?????????(cur):SYS@RAC2//scripts> select count(*) from gv$bh where file#=5 and block#=88 where status='cr';  COUNT(*)----------       4091 row selected.1????????(xcur):SYS@RAC2//scripts> select count(*) from gv$bh where file#=5 and block#=88 where status='xcur';  COUNT(*)----------           11 row selected.??...2??????--????(pi)??????????SYS@RAC1//scripts> select inst_id,dirty,status from gv$bh where file#=5 and block#=88 and status='pi';   INST_ID + D + STATUS---------- + - + -------         1 + Y + pi         2 + Y + pi2 rows selected.????,???RAC??????????????(cr)?,????????????????????????xcur?pi??cr??????pi?????? ?????????,???????????pi???cr?,?????????cr???,???xcur???????,pi??????xcur?,[email protected]

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• Web Safe Area (optimal resolution) for web app design?

  - by M.A.X

  I'm in the process of designing a new web app and I'm wondering for what 'Web Safe Area' should I optimize the app layout and design. By Web Safe Area I mean the actual area available to display the website in the browser (which is influenced by monitor resolution as well as the space taken up by the browser and OS) I did some investigation and thinking on my own but wanted to share this to see what the general opinion is. Here is what I found: Optimal Display Resolution: w3schools web stats seems to be the most referenced source (however they state that these are results from their site and is biased towards tech savvy users) http://www.w3counter.com/globalstats.php (aggregate data from something like 15,000 different sites that use their tracking services) StatCounter Global Stats Display Resolution (Stats are based on aggregate data collected by StatCounter on a sample exceeding 15 billion pageviews per month collected from across the StatCounter network of more than 3 million websites) NetMarketShare Screen Resolutions (marketshare.hitslink.com) (a web analytics consulting firm, they get data from browsers of site visitors to their on-demand network of live stats customers. The data is compiled from approximately 160 million visitors per month) Display Resolution Summary: There is a bit of variation between the above sources but in general as of Jan 2011 looks like 1024x768 is about 20%, while ~85% have a higher resolution of at least 1280x768 (1280x800 is the most common of these with 15-20% of total web, depending on the source; 1280x1024 and 1366x768 follow behind with 9-14% of the share). My guess would be that the higher resolution values will be even more common if we filter on North America, and even higher if we filter on N.American corporate users (unfortunately I couldn't find any free geographically filtered statistics). Another point to note is that the 1024x768 desktop user population is likely lower than the aforementioned 20%, seeing as the iPad (1024x768 native display) is likely propping up those number (the app I'm designing is flash based, Apple mobile devices don't support flash so iPad support isn't a concern). My recommendation would be to optimize around the 1280x768 constraint (*note: 1280x768 is actually a relatively rare resolution, but I think it's a valid constraint range considering that 1366x768 is relatively common and 1280 is the most common horizontal resolution). Browser + OS Constraints: To further add to the constraints we have to subtract the space taken up by the browser (assuming IE, which is the most space consuming) and the OS (assuming WinXP-Win7): Win7 has the biggest taskbar footprint at a height of 40px (XP's and Vista's is 30px) The default IE8 view uses up 25px at the bottom of the screen with the status bar and a further 120px at the top of the screen with the windows title bar and the browser UI (assuming the default 'favorites' toolbar is present, it would instead be 91px without the favorites toolbar). Assuming no scrollbar, we also loose a total of 4px horizontally for the window outline. This means that we are left with 583px of vertical space and 1276px of horizontal. In other words, a Web Safe Area of 1276 x 583 Is this a correct line of thinking? I'm really surprised that I couldn't find this type of investigation anywhere on the web. Lots of websites talk about designing for 1024x768, but that's only half the equation! There is no mention of browser/OS influences on the actual area you have to display the site/app. Any help on this would be greatly appreciated! Thanks. EDIT Another caveat to my line of thinking above is that different browsers actually take up different amounts of pixels based on the OS they're running on. For example, under WinXP IE8 takes up 142px on top of the screen (instead the aforementioned 120px for Win7) because the file menu shows up by default on XP while in Win7 the file menu is hidden by default. So it looks like on WinXP + IE8 the Web Safe Area would be a mere 572px (768px-142-30-24=572)

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• How do I import a Flash Catalyst design into Dreamweaver?

  - by garrett

  So I made a banner in Flash Catalyst and published it to swf/air file. Now I can't find a way to get it into Dreamweaver. When I hit "Import SWF" and go to browse for it, it doesn't show up. When I publish it to swf, the file is a Jscript script file. I've been looking for tutorials, but I haven't found one for my issue. Currently I am downloading Flash Pro and hoping I can import the Catalyst design into that, then import the Flash Pro design of it into Dreamweaver. I am not very advanced in Catalyst or Dreamweaver, but I do know my way around a bit, and this is causing me one hell of a headache.

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• C#: System.Lazy&lt;T&gt; and the Singleton Design Pattern

  - by James Michael Hare

  So we've all coded a Singleton at one time or another.  It's a really simple pattern and can be a slightly more elegant alternative to global variables.  Make no mistake, Singletons can be abused and are often over-used -- but occasionally you find a Singleton is the most elegant solution. For those of you not familiar with a Singleton, the basic Design Pattern is that a Singleton class is one where there is only ever one instance of the class created.  This means that constructors must be private to avoid users creating their own instances, and a static property (or method in languages without properties) is defined that returns a single static instance. 1: public class Singleton 2: { 3: // the single instance is defined in a static field 4: private static readonly Singleton _instance = new Singleton(); 5:  6: // constructor private so users can't instantiate on their own 7: private Singleton() 8: { 9: } 10:  11: // read-only property that returns the static field 12: public static Singleton Instance 13: { 14: get 15: { 16: return _instance; 17: } 18: } 19: } This is the most basic singleton, notice the key features: Static readonly field that contains the one and only instance. Constructor is private so it can only be called by the class itself. Static property that returns the single instance. Looks like it satisfies, right?  There's just one (potential) problem.  C# gives you no guarantee of when the static field _instance will be created.  This is because the C# standard simply states that classes (which are marked in the IL as BeforeFieldInit) can have their static fields initialized any time before the field is accessed.  This means that they may be initialized on first use, they may be initialized at some other time before, you can't be sure when. So what if you want to guarantee your instance is truly lazy.  That is, that it is only created on first call to Instance?  Well, there's a few ways to do this.  First we'll show the old ways, and then talk about how .Net 4.0's new System.Lazy<T> type can help make the lazy-Singleton cleaner. Obviously, we could take on the lazy construction ourselves, but being that our Singleton may be accessed by many different threads, we'd need to lock it down. 1: public class LazySingleton1 2: { 3: // lock for thread-safety laziness 4: private static readonly object _mutex = new object(); 5:  6: // static field to hold single instance 7: private static LazySingleton1 _instance = null; 8:  9: // property that does some locking and then creates on first call 10: public static LazySingleton1 Instance 11: { 12: get 13: { 14: if (_instance == null) 15: { 16: lock (_mutex) 17: { 18: if (_instance == null) 19: { 20: _instance = new LazySingleton1(); 21: } 22: } 23: } 24:  25: return _instance; 26: } 27: } 28:  29: private LazySingleton1() 30: { 31: } 32: } This is a standard double-check algorithm so that you don't lock if the instance has already been created.  However, because it's possible two threads can go through the first if at the same time the first time back in, you need to check again after the lock is acquired to avoid creating two instances. Pretty straightforward, but ugly as all heck.  Well, you could also take advantage of the C# standard's BeforeFieldInit and define your class with a static constructor.  It need not have a body, just the presence of the static constructor will remove the BeforeFieldInit attribute on the class and guarantee that no fields are initialized until the first static field, property, or method is called.   1: public class LazySingleton2 2: { 3: // because of the static constructor, this won't get created until first use 4: private static readonly LazySingleton2 _instance = new LazySingleton2(); 5:  6: // Returns the singleton instance using lazy-instantiation 7: public static LazySingleton2 Instance 8: { 9: get { return _instance; } 10: } 11:  12: // private to prevent direct instantiation 13: private LazySingleton2() 14: { 15: } 16:  17: // removes BeforeFieldInit on class so static fields not 18: // initialized before they are used 19: static LazySingleton2() 20: { 21: } 22: } Now, while this works perfectly, I hate it.  Why?  Because it's relying on a non-obvious trick of the IL to guarantee laziness.  Just looking at this code, you'd have no idea that it's doing what it's doing.  Worse yet, you may decide that the empty static constructor serves no purpose and delete it (which removes your lazy guarantee).  Worse-worse yet, they may alter the rules around BeforeFieldInit in the future which could change this. So, what do I propose instead?  .Net 4.0 adds the System.Lazy type which guarantees thread-safe lazy-construction.  Using System.Lazy<T>, we get: 1: public class LazySingleton3 2: { 3: // static holder for instance, need to use lambda to construct since constructor private 4: private static readonly Lazy<LazySingleton3> _instance 5: = new Lazy<LazySingleton3>(() => new LazySingleton3()); 6:  7: // private to prevent direct instantiation. 8: private LazySingleton3() 9: { 10: } 11:  12: // accessor for instance 13: public static LazySingleton3 Instance 14: { 15: get 16: { 17: return _instance.Value; 18: } 19: } 20: } Note, you need your lambda to call the private constructor as Lazy's default constructor can only call public constructors of the type passed in (which we can't have by definition of a Singleton).  But, because the lambda is defined inside our type, it has access to the private members so it's perfect. Note how the Lazy<T> makes it obvious what you're doing (lazy construction), instead of relying on an IL generation side-effect.  This way, it's more maintainable.  Lazy<T> has many other uses as well, obviously, but I really love how elegant and readable it makes the lazy Singleton.

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• performance issue in a select query from a single table

  - by daedlus

  Hi , I have a table as below dbo.UserLogs ------------------------------------- Id | UserId |Date | Name| P1 | Dirty ------------------------------------- There can be several records per userId[even in millions] I have clustered index on Date column and query this table very frequently in time ranges. The column 'Dirty' is non-nullable and can take either 0 or 1 only so I have no indexes on 'Dirty' I have several millions of records in this table and in one particular case in my application i need to query this table to get all UserId that have at least one record that is marked dirty. I tried this query - select distinct(UserId) from UserLogs where Dirty=1 I have 10 million records in total and this takes like 10min to run and i want this to run much faster than this. [i am able to query this table on date column in less than a minute.] Any comments/suggestion are welcome. my env 64bit,sybase15.0.3,Linux

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• Should you remove all warnings in your Verilog or VHDL design? Wh or why not?

  - by Brian Carlton

  In (regular) software I have worked at companies where the gcc option -Wall is used to show all warnings. Then they need to be dealt with. With non-trivial FPGA/ASIC design in Verilog or VHDL there are often many many warnings. Should I worry about all of them? Do you have any specific techniques to suggest? My flow is mainly for FPGAs (Altera and Xilinx in particular), but I assume the same rules would apply to ASIC design, possibly more so due to the inability to change the design after it is built.

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• Should you remove all warnings in your Verilog or VHDL design? Why or why not?

  - by Brian Carlton

  In (regular) software I have worked at companies where the gcc option -Wall is used to show all warnings. Then they need to be dealt with. With non-trivial FPGA/ASIC design in Verilog or VHDL there are often many many warnings. Should I worry about all of them? Do you have any specific techniques to suggest? My flow is mainly for FPGAs (Altera and Xilinx in particular), but I assume the same rules would apply to ASIC design, possibly more so due to the inability to change the design after it is built.

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• Coherence Data Guarantees for Data Reads - Basic Terminology

  - by jpurdy

  When integrating Coherence into applications, each application has its own set of requirements with respect to data integrity guarantees. Developers often describe these requirements using expressions like "avoiding dirty reads" or "making sure that updates are transactional", but we often find that even in a small group of people, there may be a wide range of opinions as to what these terms mean. This may simply be due to a lack of familiarity, but given that Coherence sits at an intersection of several (mostly) unrelated fields, it may be a matter of conflicting vocabularies (e.g. "consistency" is similar but different in transaction processing versus multi-threaded programming). Since almost all data read consistency issues are related to the concept of concurrency, it is helpful to start with a definition of that, or rather what it means for two operations to be concurrent. Rather than implying that they occur "at the same time", concurrency is a slightly weaker statement -- it simply means that it can't be proven that one event precedes (or follows) the other. As an example, in a Coherence application, if two client members mutate two different cache entries sitting on two different cache servers at roughly the same time, it is likely that one update will precede the other by a significant amount of time (say 0.1ms). However, since there is no guarantee that all four members have their clocks perfectly synchronized, and there is no way to precisely measure the time it takes to send a given message between any two members (that have differing clocks), we consider these to be concurrent operations since we can not (easily) prove otherwise. So this leads to a question that we hear quite frequently: "Are the contents of the near cache always synchronized with the underlying distributed cache?". It's easy to see that if an update on a cache server results in a message being sent to each near cache, and then that near cache being updated that there is a window where the contents are different. However, this is irrelevant, since even if the application reads directly from the distributed cache, another thread update the cache before the read is returned to the application. Even if no other member modifies a cache entry prior to the local near cache entry being updated (and subsequently read), the purpose of reading a cache entry is to do something with the result, usually either displaying for consumption by a human, or by updating the entry based on the current state of the entry. In the former case, it's clear that if the data is updated faster than a human can perceive, then there is no problem (and in many cases this can be relaxed even further). For the latter case, the application must assume that the value might potentially be updated before it has a chance to update it. This almost aways the case with read-only caches, and the solution is the traditional optimistic transaction pattern, which requires the application to explicitly state what assumptions it made about the old value of the cache entry. If the application doesn't want to bother stating those assumptions, it is free to lock the cache entry prior to reading it, ensuring that no other threads will mutate the entry, a pessimistic approach. The optimistic approach relies on what is sometimes called a "fuzzy read". In other words, the application assumes that the read should be correct, but it also acknowledges that it might not be. (I use the qualifier "sometimes" because in some writings, "fuzzy read" indicates the situation where the application actually sees an original value and then later sees an updated value within the same transaction -- however, both definitions are roughly equivalent from an application design perspective). If the read is not correct it is called a "stale read". Going back to the definition of concurrency, it may seem difficult to precisely define a stale read, but the practical way of detecting a stale read is that is will cause the encompassing transaction to roll back if it tries to update that value. The pessimistic approach relies on a "coherent read", a guarantee that the value returned is not only the same as the primary copy of that value, but also that it will remain that way. In most cases this can be used interchangeably with "repeatable read" (though that term has additional implications when used in the context of a database system). In none of cases above is it possible for the application to perform a "dirty read". A dirty read occurs when the application reads a piece of data that was never committed. In practice the only way this can occur is with multi-phase updates such as transactions, where a value may be temporarily update but then withdrawn when a transaction is rolled back. If another thread sees that value prior to the rollback, it is a dirty read. If an application uses optimistic transactions, dirty reads will merely result in a lack of forward progress (this is actually one of the main risks of dirty reads -- they can be chained and potentially cause cascading rollbacks). The concepts of dirty reads, fuzzy reads, stale reads and coherent reads are able to describe the vast majority of requirements that we see in the field. However, the important thing is to define the terms used to define requirements. A quick web search for each of the terms in this article will show multiple meanings, so I've selected what are generally the most common variations, but it never hurts to state each definition explicitly if they are critical to the success of a project (many applications have sufficiently loose requirements that precise terminology can be avoided).

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• AngularJs not working with dynamic html

  - by user2541753

  In my cshtml file I have a form named 'ApplyMedicalMain' and I want to show a dynamically loaded division when the form is dirty but its not happening even though the form is dirty ... Below is my code that i got in Firefox Inspect Element: <form class="form_section ng-dirty ng-valid ng-valid-required" name="ApplyMedicalMain" method="post" action="/MVC/Quote/ApplyMedical"> <div id="Step1_PartialView" class="QuoteStep1"> <script type="text/javascript" src="/Scripts/Renderings/Presales/ApplyMedical.js"> <div name="Conditions" id="conditions_or_symptoms" ng-hide="ApplyMedicalMain.$dirty"> <div class="generic_error_message select"> <div class="error_icn_message"></div> </div> As you can see above, I have mentioned ng-hide for the division name='conditions' but it is not getting hidden even though the form has class 'ng-dirty'.And please note that the the division 'conditions' is loaded dynamically from other partial view. can someone help me ?

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• Any advice about how to make the design of an application.

  - by VansFannel

  Hello. I want to design an application and I don't know where to start. I know I can use UML to design the application, but I don't know the steps I must follow. I've started doing the UML class diagram, but I suppose, I'm been doing the database model, not the class model for the application. If I don't explain it well, tell me. Is there any tutorial about how to design an application? Thank you.

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• Delight and Excite

  - by Applications User Experience

  Mick McGee, CEO & President, EchoUser Editor’s Note: EchoUser is a User Experience design firm in San Francisco and a member of the Oracle Usability Advisory Board. Mick and his staff regularly consult on Oracle Applications UX projects. Being part of a user experience design firm, we have the luxury of working with a lot of great people across many great companies. We get to help people solve their problems.  At least we used to. The basic design challenge is still the same; however, the goal is not necessarily to solve “problems” anymore; it is, “I want our products to delight and excite!” The question for us as UX professionals is how to design to those goals, and then how to assess them from a usability perspective. I’m not sure where I first heard “delight and excite” (A book? blog post? Facebook  status? Steve Jobs quote?), but now I hear these listed as user experience goals all the time. In particular, somewhat paradoxically, I routinely hear them in enterprise software conversations. And when asking these same enterprise companies what will make the project successful, we very often hear, “Make it like Apple.” In past days, it was “make it like Yahoo (or Amazon or Google“) but now Apple is the common benchmark. Steve Jobs and Apple were not secrets, but with Jobs’ passing and Apple becoming the world’s most valuable company in the last year, the impact of great design and experience is suddenly very widespread. In particular, users’ expectations have gone way up. Being an enterprise company is no shield to the general expectations that users now have, for all products. Designing a “Minimum Viable Product” The user experience challenge has historically been, to echo the words of Eric Ries (author of Lean Startup) , to create a “minimum viable product”: the proverbial, “make it good enough”. But, in our profession, the “minimum viable” part of that phrase has oftentimes, unfortunately, referred to the design and user experience. Technology typically dominated the focus of the biggest, most successful companies. Few have had the laser focus of Apple to also create and sell design and user experience alongside great technology. But now that Apple is the most valuable company in the world, copying their success is a common undertaking. Great design is now a premium offering that everyone wants, from the one-person startup to the largest companies, consumer and enterprise. This emerging business paradigm will have significant impact across the user experience design process and profession. One area that particularly interests me is, how are we going to evaluate these new emerging “delight and excite” experiences, which are further customized to each particular domain? How to Measure “Delight and Excite” Traditional usability measures of task completion rate, assists, time, and errors are still extremely useful in many situations; however, they are too blunt to offer much insight into emerging experiences “Satisfaction” is usually assessed in user testing, in roughly equivalent importance to the above objective metrics. Various surveys and scales have provided ways to measure satisfying UX, with whatever questions they include. However, to meet the demands of new business goals and keep users at the center of design and development processes, we have to explore new methods to better capture custom-experience goals and emotion-driven user responses. We have had success assessing custom experiences, including “delight and excite”, by employing a variety of user testing methods that tend to combine formative and summative techniques (formative being focused more on identifying usability issues and ways to improve design, and summative focused more on metrics). Our most successful tool has been one we’ve been using for a long time, Magnitude Estimation Technique (MET). But it’s not necessarily about MET as a measure, rather how it is created. Caption: For one client, EchoUser did two rounds of testing.  Each test was a mix of performing representative tasks and gathering qualitative impressions. Each user participated in an in-person moderated 1-on-1 session for 1 hour, using a testing set-up where they held the phone. The primary goal was to identify usability issues and recommend design improvements. MET is based on a definition of the desired experience, which users will then use to rate items of interest (usually tasks in a usability test). In other words, a custom experience definition needs to be created. This can then be used to measure satisfaction in accomplishing tasks; “delight and excite”; or anything else from strategic goals, user demands, or elsewhere. For reference, our standard MET definition in usability testing is: “User experience is your perception of how easy to use, well designed and productive an interface is to complete tasks.” Articulating the User Experience We’ve helped construct experience definitions for several clients to better match their business goals. One example is a modification of the above that was needed for a company that makes medical-related products: “User experience is your perception of how easy to use, well-designed, productive and safe an interface is for conducting tasks. ‘Safe’ is how free an environment (including devices, software, facilities, people, etc.) is from danger, risk, and injury.” Another example is from a company that is pushing hard to incorporate “delight” into their enterprise business line: “User experience is your perception of a product’s ease of use and learning, satisfaction and delight in design, and ability to accomplish objectives.” I find the last one particularly compelling in that there is little that identifies the experience as being for a highly technical enterprise application. That definition could easily be applied to any number of consumer products. We have gone further than the above, including “sexy” and “cool” where decision-makers insisted they were part of the desired experience. We also applied it to completely different experiences where the “interface” was, for example, riding public transit, the “tasks” were train rides, and we followed the participants through the train-riding journey and rated various aspects accordingly: “A good public transportation experience is a cost-effective way of reliably, conveniently, and safely getting me to my intended destination on time.” To construct these definitions, we’ve employed both bottom-up and top-down approaches, depending on circumstances. For bottom-up, user inputs help dictate the terms that best fit the desired experience (usually by way of cluster and factor analysis). Top-down depends on strategic, visionary goals expressed by upper management that we then attempt to integrate into product development (e.g., “delight and excite”). We like a combination of both approaches to push the innovation envelope, but still be mindful of current user concerns. Hopefully the idea of crafting your own custom experience, and a way to measure it, can provide you with some ideas how you can adapt your user experience needs to whatever company you are in. Whether product-development or service-oriented, nearly every company is ultimately providing a user experience. The Bottom Line Creating great experiences may have been popularized by Steve Jobs and Apple, but I’ll be honest, it’s a good feeling to be moving from “good enough” to “delight and excite,” despite the challenge that entails. In fact, it’s because of that challenge that we will expand what we do as UX professionals to help deliver and assess those experiences. I’m excited to see how we, Oracle, and the rest of the industry will live up to that challenge.

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• Android: How to get a custom view to redraw partially?

  - by Peterdk

  I have a custom view that fills my entire screen. (A piano keyboard) When a user touches the key, it would cause a invalidate() to be called and the whole keyboard gets redrawn to show the new state with a touched key. Currently the view is very simple, but I plan to add a bit more nice graphics. Since the whole keyboard is dynamically rendered this would make redrawing the entire keyboard more expensive. So I thought, let's look into partial redrawing. Now I call invalidate(Rect dirty) with the correct dirty region. I set my onDraw(Canvas canvas) method to only draw the keys in the dirty region if I do indeed want a partial redraw. This results in those keys being drawn, but the rest of the keyboard is totally black/not drawn at all. Am I wrong in expecting that calling invalidate(Rect dirty) would "cache" the current canvas, and only "allows" drawing in the dirty region? Is there any way I can achieve what I want? (A way to "cache" the canvas and only redraw the dirty area?"

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• How to use CodeDomSerializer to serialize an object in .Net?

  - by user341127

  I have a class, which is defined as the following: [ToolboxItem(false)] [DesignTimeVisible(false)] [DesignerSerializer("DevExpress.XtraEditors.Design.RepositoryItemCodeDomSerializer, DevExpress.XtraEditors.v10.1.Design", "System.ComponentModel.Design.Serialization.CodeDomSerializer, System.Design")] [Designer("DevExpress.XtraEditors.Design.BaseRepositoryItemDesigner, DevExpress.XtraEditors.v10.1.Design")] [LicenseProvider(typeof(DXEditorLicenseProvider))] public class RepositoryItem : Component, ISupportInitialize, ICustomTypeDescriptor, IImageCollectionHelper {......} I tried the following code to serialize the object of this class. DesignerSerializationManager m = new System.ComponentModel.Design.Serialization.DesignerSerializationManager(); m.CreateSession(); DevExpress.XtraEditors.Design.RepositoryItemCodeDomSerializer s = m.GetSerializer(typeof(RepositoryItem), typeof(DevExpress.XtraEditors.Design.RepositoryItemCodeDomSerializer)) as DevExpress.XtraEditors.Design.RepositoryItemCodeDomSerializer; RepositoryItem i = persistentRepository1.Items[0]; //m.Container.Add(i); s.Serialize(m,i );// An error "Object reference not set to an instance of an object." happended here. For I am not familiar with CodeDom, I have spent one day to get the way out. I guess the above code has some stupid mistakes. Please give me a hand to show how to serialize AND DeSelialize such objects of the class of Repository. BTW, the reason I don't use any other serializer is that I am supposed not to have rights to know the source code of RepositoryItem and others could inherit RepositoryItem at the same time. And actually I have to deal with RepositoryItem and its descendants. Thank you in advance. Ying

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• Visual Studio Designer looses / ignores data

  - by Kempeth

  I'm writing my own control - a datagridviewcolumn that displays integer values as texts like the comboboxcolumn can but without showing the combobox unless the cell is edited. I'm mostly there but I have problems with the databinding. I managed to get the necessary properties to appear in the designer but every time I set the datasource and close the editor the changes are dropped. When I assign the same datasource later in code it works like a charm, I just would prefer not having to do that... public class DataGridViewLookupColumn : DataGridViewColumn { private DataGridViewLookupCell template; private Object datasource = null; private String displaymember = String.Empty; private String valuemember = String.Empty; private BindingSource bindingsource = new BindingSource(); public DataGridViewLookupColumn() : base() { this.template = new DataGridViewLookupCell(); } public override DataGridViewCell CellTemplate { get { return this.template; } set { } } [Category("Data")] [ DefaultValue(null), RefreshProperties(RefreshProperties.Repaint), AttributeProvider(typeof(IListSource)), DesignerSerializationVisibility(DesignerSerializationVisibility.Visible), ] public object DataSource { get { return this.bindingsource.DataSource; //return this.datasource; } set { this.bindingsource.DataSource = value; this.bindingsource.EndEdit(); } } [Category("Data")] [ DefaultValue(""), TypeConverterAttribute("System.Windows.Forms.Design.DataMemberFieldConverter, System.Design"), Editor("System.Windows.Forms.Design.DataMemberFieldEditor, System.Design", typeof(System.Drawing.Design.UITypeEditor)), DesignerSerializationVisibility(DesignerSerializationVisibility.Visible), ] public String DisplayMember { get { return this.displaymember; } set { this.displaymember = value; } } [Category("Data")] [ DefaultValue(""), TypeConverterAttribute("System.Windows.Forms.Design.DataMemberFieldConverter, System.Design"), Editor("System.Windows.Forms.Design.DataMemberFieldEditor, System.Design", typeof(System.Drawing.Design.UITypeEditor)), DesignerSerializationVisibility(DesignerSerializationVisibility.Visible), ] public String ValueMember { get { return this.valuemember; } set { this.valuemember = value; } } } EDIT: I experimenting I just found out that that original DataGridViewComboBoxColumn can be made to behave exactly like I wanted to. By setting the DisplayStyle to Nothing the combobox control is only shown in edit mode.

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• Visual Studio 2008 Report Server Project Design View not working.

  - by skynate

  When I create a new Reporting Services report or try to open an existing report (that has been working) in Visual Studio 2008. I cannot view the design. I get no error message and it only shows html code in the "Design View". I've tried reinstalling VS2008 and BIDS, but hasn't worked. This was all working when I last used it 2 weeks ago. -nate

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• How to make msbuild ItemGroup items be separated with a space rather than semi-colon?

  - by mark

  Dear ladies and sirs. Observe the following piece of an msbuild script: <ItemGroup> <R Include="-Microsoft.Design#CA1000" /> <R Include="-Microsoft.Design#CA1002" /> </ItemGroup> I want to convert it to /ruleid:-Microsoft.Design#CA1000 /ruleid:-Microsoft.Design#CA1002 Now, the best I came up with is @(R -> '/ruleid:%(Identity)'), but this only yields /ruleid:-Microsoft.Design#CA1000;/ruleid:-Microsoft.Design#CA1002 Note the semi-colon separating the two rules, instead of a space. This is bad, it is not recognized by the fxcop - I need a space there. Now, this is a simple example, so I could just declare something like this: <PropertyGroup> <R>/ruleid:-Microsoft.Design#CA1000 /ruleid:-Microsoft.Design#CA1002</R </PropertyGroup> But, I do not like this, because in reality I have many rules I wish to disable and listing all of them like this is something I wish to avoid.

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• Suggestion for creating custom sound recognition software to toggle audio

  - by Parrot owner

  I need to develop a program that toggles a particular audio track on or off when it recognizes a parrot scream or screech. The software would need to recognize a particular range of sounds and allow some variations in the range (as a parrot likely won't replicate its sreeches EXACTLY each time). Example: Bird screeches, no audio. Bird stops screeching for five seconds, audio track praising the bird plays. Regular chattering needs to be ignored completely, as it is not to be discouraged. I've heard of java libraries that have speech recognition with dictionaries built in, but the software would need to be taught the particular sounds that my particular parrot makes - not words or any random bird sound. In addition as I mentioned above, it would need to allow for slight variation in the sound, as the screech will likely never be 100% identical to the recorded version. What would be the best way to go about this/what language should I look into?

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• Exemplars of large document-centric applications with COM/XPCOM/.NET interfaces.

  - by Warren P

  I am looking for exemplars (design examples) showing the use of interfaces (aka 'protocols' for you smalltalkers) to design a document management architecture in a large Word Processor, Spreadsheet, vector graphic or publishing package, or office-productivity (non-database) application with support for as many of the following as possible: any open source project, will be ideal, and language of implementation is unimportant since I am looking for design examples, however an object oriented language with support for "interfaces" is a must. I know at least a dozen languages, and I'm willing to study any application's source. use of "interface" could loosely be applied to either XPCOM or COM interfaces, or .NET interfaces, or even the use of pure-virtual (virtual+abstract) base-classes for OOP languages that lack the ability to declare an interface distinct from a class. I am mostly looking for a robust, thorough and flexible implementation for a document, IDocument, various document views (IDocumentView), and whatever operations make sense in that case. I am particular interested in cases where the product in question is a real-world product. For example, if anybody familiar with OpenOffice can tell me if the code contains a good sample design. I am looking for design documentation that outlines the design of the interfaces for such an application. So for example, if the openoffice spreadsheet has such an interface design, then that might be the best case, because it is a widely used real-world design, with millions of users, rather than a textbook example, which is minimal, and contrived. I know that the Mozilla platform uses XPCOM, and its design is heavily "interface" oriented, but I am looking more for a "word processor" or "spreadsheet" type of document design, rather than a web-browser. I am particularly interested in the interfaces used to access to data and meta-data such as markup (attributes like bold, and italics, and font size), and the ability to search and look up named entities within a document.

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• Is there a way to switch off wpf design surface in Visual Studio 2008?

  - by gyurisc

  I would like to know if there is a way to simply turn of the WPF design surface in Visual Studio 2008. I would like to have the xaml editor, but not the design surface as it slows down the IDE, when I try to open a XAML file. For my workflow having only the source files for xaml would be a better fit as I am doing all visuals in Blend.

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• Museum of Modern Art Starts Video Game Collection; Acquires Myst, Pac-Man, and More

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  The Museum of Modern Art is weighing in on the video-games-as-art debate by starting a collection of iconic video games and putting them up for public display. Read on to see what games are included in the initial batch and the MoMA’s reasons behind starting a video game collection. Although the MoMA is slated to grow to over 40 titles, the seed batch is 14 titles including: Pac-Man, Tetris, Sim City 2000, Myst, Portal, and Dwarf Fortress. In the announcement they explain the motivation for building a video game collection: Are video games art? They sure are, but they are also design, and a design approach is what we chose for this new foray into this universe. The games are selected as outstanding examples of interaction design—a field that MoMA has already explored and collected extensively, and one of the most important and oft-discussed expressions of contemporary design creativity. Our criteria, therefore, emphasize not only the visual quality and aesthetic experience of each game, but also the many other aspects—from the elegance of the code to the design of the player’s behavior—that pertain to interaction design. In order to develop an even stronger curatorial stance, over the past year and a half we have sought the advice of scholars, digital conservation and legal experts, historians, and critics, all of whom helped us refine not only the criteria and the wish list, but also the issues of acquisition, display, and conservation of digital artifacts that are made even more complex by the games’ interactive nature. This acquisition allows the Museum to study, preserve, and exhibit video games as part of its Architecture and Design collection. The above quote is only a small snippet of a much lengthier look at the benefits of examining and preserving video games, hit up the link below to check out the full post including future titles the MoMA would like to include in their archive. Video Games: 14 in the Collection, for Starters [Inside/Out] How To Boot Your Android Phone or Tablet Into Safe Mode HTG Explains: Does Your Android Phone Need an Antivirus? How To Use USB Drives With the Nexus 7 and Other Android Devices

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• SOA, Governance, and Drugs

  Why is IT governance important in service oriented architecture (SOA)? IT Governance provides a framework for making appropriate decisions based on company guidelines and accepted standards. This framework also outlines each stakeholder’s responsibilities and authority when making important architectural or design decisions. Furthermore, this framework of governance defines parameters and constraints that are used to give context and perspective when making decisions. The use of governance as it applies to SOA ensures that specific design principles and patterns are used when developing and maintaining services. When governance is consistently applied systems the following benefits are achieved according to Anne Thomas Manes in 2010. Governance makes sure that services conform to standard interface patterns, common data modeling practices, and promotes the incorporation of existing system functionality by building on top of other available services across a system. Governance defines development standards based on proven design principles and patterns that promote reuse and composition. Governance provides developers a set of proven design principles, standards and practices that promote the reduction in system based component dependencies.  By following these guidelines, individual components will be easier to maintain. For me personally, I am a fan of IT governance, and feel that it valuable part of any corporate IT department. However, depending on how it is implemented can really affect the value of using IT governance.  Companies need to find a way to ensure that governance does not become extreme in its policies and procedures. I know for me personally, I would really dislike working under a completely totalitarian or laissez-faire version of governance. Developers need to be able to be creative in their designs and too much governance can really impede the design process and prevent the most optimal design from being developed. On the other hand, with no governance enforced, no standards will be followed and accepted design patterns will be ignored. I have personally had to spend a lot of time working on this particular scenario and I have found that the concept of code reuse and composition is almost nonexistent.  Based on this, too much time and money is wasted on redeveloping existing aspects of an application that already exist within the system as a whole. I think moving forward we will see a staggered form of IT governance, regardless if it is for SOA or IT in general.  Depending on the size of a company and the size of its IT department,  I can see IT governance as a layered approach in that the top layer will be defined by enterprise architects that focus on abstract concepts pertaining to high level design, general  guidelines, acceptable best practices, and recommended design patterns.  The next layer will be defined by solution architects or department managers that further expand on abstracted guidelines defined by the enterprise architects. This layer will contain further definitions as to when various design patterns, coding standards, and best practices are to be applied based on the context of the solutions that are being developed by the department. The final layer will be defined by the system designer or a solutions architect assed to a project in that they will define what design patterns will be used in a solution, naming conventions, as well as outline how a system will function based on the best practices defined by the previous layers. This layered approach allows for IT departments to be flexible in that system designers have creative leeway in designing solutions to meet the needs of the business, but they must operate within the confines of the abstracted IT governance guidelines.  A real world example of this can be seen in the United States as it pertains to governance of the people in that the US government defines rules and regulations in the abstract and then the state governments take these guidelines and applies them based on the will of the people in each individual state. Furthermore, the county or city governments are the ones that actually enforce these rules based on how they are interpreted by local community.  To further define my example, the United States government defines that marijuana is illegal. Each individual state has the option to determine this regulation as it wishes in that the state of Florida determines that all uses of the drug are illegal, but the state of California legally allows the use of marijuana for medicinal purposes only. Based on these accepted practices each local government enforces these rules in that a police officer will arrest anyone in the state of Florida for having this drug on them if they walk down the street, but in California if a person has a medical prescription for the drug they will not get arrested.  REFERENCESThomas Manes, Anne. (2010). Understanding SOA Governance: http://www.soamag.com/I40/0610-2.php

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• Are comonads a good fit for modeling the Wumpus world?

  - by Tim Stewart

  I'm trying to find some practical applications of a comonad and I thought I'd try to see if I could represent the classical Wumpus world as a comonad. I'd like to use this code to allow the Wumpus to move left and right through the world and clean up dirty tiles and avoid pits. It seems that the only comonad function that's useful is extract (to get the current tile) and that moving around and cleaning tiles would not use be able to make use of extend or duplicate. I'm not sure comonads are a good fit but I've seen a talk (Dominic Orchard: A Notation for Comonads) where comonads were used to model a cursor in a two-dimensional matrix. If a comonad is a good way of representing the Wumpus world, could you please show where my code is wrong? If it's wrong, could you please suggest a simple application of comonads? module Wumpus where -- Incomplete model of a world inhabited by a Wumpus who likes a nice -- tidy world but does not like falling in pits. import Control.Comonad -- The Wumpus world is made up of tiles that can be in one of three -- states. data Tile = Clean | Dirty | Pit deriving (Show, Eq) -- The Wumpus world is a one dimensional array partitioned into three -- values: the tiles to the left of the Wumpus, the tile occupied by -- the Wumpus, and the tiles to the right of the Wumpus. data World a = World [a] a [a] deriving (Show, Eq) -- Applies a function to every tile in the world instance Functor World where fmap f (World as b cs) = World (fmap f as) (f b) (fmap f cs) -- The Wumpus world is a Comonad instance Comonad World where -- get the part of the world the Wumpus currently occupies extract (World _ b _) = b -- not sure what this means in the Wumpus world. This type checks -- but does not make sense to me. extend f w@(World as b cs) = World (map world as) (f w) (map world cs) where world v = f (World [] v []) -- returns a world in which the Wumpus has either 1) moved one tile to -- the left or 2) stayed in the same place if the Wumpus could not move -- to the left. moveLeft :: World a -> World a moveLeft w@(World [] _ _) = w moveLeft (World as b cs) = World (init as) (last as) (b:cs) -- returns a world in which the Wumpus has either 1) moved one tile to -- the right or 2) stayed in the same place if the Wumpus could not move -- to the right. moveRight :: World a -> World a moveRight w@(World _ _ []) = w moveRight (World as b cs) = World (as ++ [b]) (head cs) (tail cs) initWorld = World [Dirty, Clean, Dirty] Dirty [Clean, Dirty, Pit] -- cleans the current tile cleanTile :: Tile -> Tile cleanTile Dirty = Clean cleanTile t = t Thanks!

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• how to design and produce enterprise software in Java Technology EE ? more importantly does it have

  - by fwfwfw

  I want to be able to design and produce enterprise software/applications. Java EE comes to mind. but are there alternatives ? Does it have to be J2EE, to make enterprisey software ? More importantly, how common is it for developers to use Java Technology in order to build enterprise software ? I mean how much "meat" do you need to pack before you can charge a $100,000 sticker price ? is bloatware common in this industry ? what is the best way I can learn the entire Java Enterprise and be able to design and produce enterprise software ? Or perhaps an alternative to Java ? I am starting software engineering in University, but I have personal coding experience....i just would love to be able to design enterprise software using Java Technology....i can pick up books and start practicing.....i just dont know where to begin or what to expect. My goal is to get as much experience in enterprise software field, and specialize into niches start my own company. so far i know enterprise software sale process usually take at least a couple of months but for a good reason..

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• Should I be using Expression Blend to design really dynamic UIs?

  - by Robert Rossney

  My company's product is, at its core, a framework for developing metadata-driven UIs. I don't know how to characterize it less succinctly than that, and hope I won't need to for purposes of this question, but we'll see. I've been trying to come up to speed on WPF, and have been building UI prototypes here and there, and recently I decided to see if I could use Expression Blend to help with the design of these UIs. And I'm pretty mystified at this point. It appears to me as though Expresssion Blend is designed with the expectation that you already know all of the objects that are going to be present in the UI at design time. But our program generates these object dynamically at runtime. For instance, a data row might be presented in a horizontal StackPanel containing alternating TextBlocks (for captions) and TextBoxes (for data fields). The number of these objects depends on metadata about the number of columns in the data row. I can, pretty readily, write code that runs through a metadata record and populates a StackPanel dynamically, setting up the binding of all of the controls to properties in either the data or metadata. (A TextBox's Width might be bound to metadata, while its Text is bound to data.) But I can't even begin to figure out how to do something like this in Expression Blend. I can manually create all these controls, so that I have a set of controls that I can apply styles to and work out the visual design of the app, but it's really a pain to do this. I can write code that goes through my data model and emits XAML for all these controls, I suppose, and then copy and paste it. But I'm going to feel really stupid if it turns out there a way to do this sort of thing in Expression Blend and I've dropped back and punted because I'm too dim to figure out the right way to think of it. Is this enough information for someone to try formulating an answer?

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