frame rate - Page 254 - Developer IT

How to debug a native Java crash on Linux?

- by Paul J. Lucas

I've seen this question and this article on how to debug a native Java crash. The article is with respect to Windows. What are the equivalent debugging aids on Linux? Note: All I have is this crash log from a user in the field. I do not have access to the machine on which the crash occurred. Update: I am pretty sure the crash is due to JNI code we have. I never meant to imply that it was the JVM itself that was faulty. Per request, here is the crash dump (or as much of it as will fit in the 30K stackoverflow limit): # # An unexpected error has been detected by Java Runtime Environment: # # SIGSEGV (0xb) at pc=0x06300e76, pid=9983, tid=4106996592 # # Java VM: Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (1.6.0_03-b05 mixed mode, sharing) # Problematic frame: # V [libjvm.so+0x300e76] # # If you would like to submit a bug report, please visit: # http://java.sun.com/webapps/bugreport/crash.jsp # --------------- T H R E A D --------------- Current thread (0x0922e000): VMThread [id=9985] siginfo:si_signo=11, si_errno=0, si_code=1, si_addr=0x00000008 Registers: EAX=0x00000008, EBX=0x88a829b3, ECX=0x88a829b0, EDX=0xa7d6c1dc ESP=0xf4cbba5c, EBP=0xf4cbba68, ESI=0xa7d6d1d8, EDI=0x00000404 EIP=0x06300e76, CR2=0x00000008, EFLAGS=0x00010202 Top of Stack: (sp=0xf4cbba5c) 0xf4cbba5c: a7d6c1c8 0920cc30 aa0de5c0 f4cbba98 0xf4cbba6c: 063517d7 cf8f2a20 a7d6c1c8 0920cc30 0xf4cbba7c: 0920cc30 00000000 00000000 6d224c40 0xf4cbba8c: 00000001 f4cbbbb0 0920b440 f4cbbab8 0xf4cbba9c: 061dd4df 0920cc30 f4cbbb10 f4cbbac8 0xf4cbbaac: 0633cb7e 0643b5b8 f4492968 f4cbbad8 0xf4cbbabc: 061dcd68 f4cbbaf0 0920cc30 f4cbbaf8 0xf4cbbacc: 061df31e f4cbbb10 d4cbcc2c f4cbbb08 Instructions: (pc=0x06300e76) 0x06300e66: 82 39 f2 73 34 90 8d 74 26 00 8b 02 85 c0 74 22 0x06300e76: 8b 18 80 3d 45 10 42 06 00 74 0c 89 d8 31 c9 83 Stack: [0xf4c3c000,0xf4cbd000), sp=0xf4cbba5c, free space=510k Native frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code, C=native code) V [libjvm.so+0x300e76] V [libjvm.so+0x3517d7] V [libjvm.so+0x1dd4df] V [libjvm.so+0x1dcd68] V [libjvm.so+0x1dc3cc] V [libjvm.so+0x1d4c52] V [libjvm.so+0x1d32cc] V [libjvm.so+0x1d4229] V [libjvm.so+0x1dc82a] V [libjvm.so+0x1d1d34] V [libjvm.so+0x186125] V [libjvm.so+0x1d20bc] V [libjvm.so+0x3b2cbe] V [libjvm.so+0x3c5037] V [libjvm.so+0x3c46bc] V [libjvm.so+0x3c488a] V [libjvm.so+0x3c446f] V [libjvm.so+0x30b719] C [libpthread.so.0+0x5cb2] VM_Operation (0xf2b60728): generation collection for allocation, mode: safepoint, requested by thread 0x09449c00 --------------- P R O C E S S --------------- Java Threads: ( = current thread ) 0x092afc00 JavaThread "RawImageCache" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=10026] 0xf37d1000 JavaThread "TimerQueue" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=10022] 0x09410000 JavaThread "SunTileScheduler0Standard7" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=10021] 0x0940f000 JavaThread "SunTileScheduler0Standard6" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=10020] 0x0946fc00 JavaThread "SunTileScheduler0Standard5" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=10019] 0x0946e800 JavaThread "SunTileScheduler0Standard4" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=10018] 0x0946d400 JavaThread "SunTileScheduler0Standard3" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=10017] 0x0946c000 JavaThread "SunTileScheduler0Standard2" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=10016] 0x0946ac00 JavaThread "SunTileScheduler0Standard1" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=10015] 0x0946a000 JavaThread "SunTileScheduler0Standard0" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=10014] 0x0944a800 JavaThread "Image List Poller" [_thread_blocked, id=10012] 0x09449c00 JavaThread "Image Task Queue" [_thread_blocked, id=10011] 0xf37e3c00 JavaThread "Laf-Widget fade tracker" [_thread_blocked, id=10010] 0x094abc00 JavaThread "FileCacheMonitor" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=10009] 0xf37e3800 JavaThread "DestroyJavaVM" [_thread_blocked, id=9984] 0xf37ee400 JavaThread "Thread-6" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=10006] 0xf3a7c800 JavaThread "DirectoryMonitor.MonitorThread" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=10005] 0xf3a73800 JavaThread "AWT Watchdog" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=10004] 0xf3adb800 JavaThread "TileReaper" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=10003] 0x093c3c00 JavaThread "process reaper" daemon [_thread_in_native, id=10001] 0x093ac800 JavaThread "Timer-0" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=9999] 0x093a8c00 JavaThread "AWT-EventQueue-0" [_thread_blocked, id=9997] 0x093a8000 JavaThread "AWT-Shutdown" [_thread_blocked, id=9996] 0x09378c00 JavaThread "AWT-XAWT" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=9994] 0x09368400 JavaThread "Java2D Disposer" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=9993] 0x09350000 JavaThread "Thread-1" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=9992] 0x0923b400 JavaThread "Low Memory Detector" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=9990] 0x09239c00 JavaThread "CompilerThread0" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=9989] 0x09238800 JavaThread "Signal Dispatcher" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=9988] 0x09230800 JavaThread "Finalizer" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=9987] 0x0922f400 JavaThread "Reference Handler" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=9986] Other Threads: =0x0922e000 VMThread [id=9985] 0x09245000 WatcherThread [id=9991] VM state:at safepoint (normal execution) VM Mutex/Monitor currently owned by a thread: ([mutex/lock_event]) [0x09205178/0x092051a0] Threads_lock - owner thread: 0x0922e000 [0x09205638/0x09205650] Heap_lock - owner thread: 0x09449c00 Heap def new generation total 83968K, used 9280K [0x55600000, 0x5b110000, 0x5ec40000) eden space 74688K, 0% used [0x55600000, 0x55600000, 0x59ef0000) from space 9280K, 100% used [0x5a800000, 0x5b110000, 0x5b110000) to space 9280K, 0% used [0x59ef0000, 0x59ef0000, 0x5a800000) tenured generation total 1233640K, used 1233529K [0x5ec40000, 0xaa0fa000, 0xcf800000) the space 1233640K, 99% used [0x5ec40000, 0xaa0de5c0, 0x8b4af400, 0xaa0fa000) compacting perm gen total 13312K, used 13175K [0xcf800000, 0xd0500000, 0xd3800000) the space 13312K, 98% used [0xcf800000, 0xd04ddd70, 0xd04dde00, 0xd0500000) ro space 8192K, 69% used [0xd3800000, 0xd3d8f608, 0xd3d8f800, 0xd4000000) rw space 12288K, 57% used [0xd4000000, 0xd46eee98, 0xd46ef000, 0xd4c00000) Dynamic libraries: [ snip ] VM Arguments: jvm_args: -Dinstall4j.jvmDir=/home/berbmit/bin/LightZone/jre -Dinstall4j.appDir=/home/berbmit/bin/LightZone -Dexe4j.moduleName=/home/berbmit/bin/LightZone/LightZone -Dcom.lightcrafts.licensetype=ESD -Xmx2000000k java_command: com.install4j.runtime.Launcher launch com.lightcrafts.platform.linux.LinuxLauncher true false /home/berbmit/bin/LightZone/LightZone.log /home/berbmit/bin/LightZone/LightZone.log false true false true true -1 -1 20 20 Arial 0,0,0 8 500 20 40 Arial 0,0,0 8 500 -1 Launcher Type: SUN_STANDARD Environment Variables: PATH=/home/berbmit/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games USERNAME=berbmit LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/berbmit/bin/LightZone/jre/lib/i386/client:/home/berbmit/bin/LightZone/jre/lib/i386:/home/berbmit/bin/LightZone/jre/../lib/i386:/home/berbmit/bin/LightZone/.: SHELL=/bin/bash DISPLAY=:0.0 Signal Handlers: SIGSEGV: [libjvm.so+0x3b29c0], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGBUS: [libjvm.so+0x3b29c0], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGFPE: [libjvm.so+0x309ec0], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGPIPE: SIG_IGN, sa_mask[0]=0x00000000, sa_flags=0x00000000 SIGILL: [libjvm.so+0x309ec0], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGUSR1: SIG_DFL, sa_mask[0]=0x00000000, sa_flags=0x00000000 SIGUSR2: [libjvm.so+0x30bef0], sa_mask[0]=0x00000000, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGHUP: [libjvm.so+0x30b910], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGINT: [libjvm.so+0x30b910], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGQUIT: [libjvm.so+0x30b910], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGTERM: [libjvm.so+0x30b910], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGUSR2: [libjvm.so+0x30bef0], sa_mask[0]=0x00000000, sa_flags=0x10000004 --------------- S Y S T E M --------------- OS:squeeze/sid uname:Linux 2.6.35-23-generic #41-Ubuntu SMP Wed Nov 24 11:55:36 UTC 2010 x86_64 libc:glibc 2.12.1 NPTL 2.12.1 rlimit: STACK 8192k, CORE 0k, NPROC infinity, NOFILE 1024, AS infinity load average:0.67 0.54 0.36 CPU:total 8 (8 cores per cpu, 2 threads per core) family 6 model 10 stepping 5, cmov, cx8, fxsr, mmx, sse, sse2, sse3, ssse3, ht Memory: 4k page, physical 8191552k(3359308k free), swap 1016828k(1016828k free) vm_info: Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (1.6.0_03-b05) for linux-x86, built on Sep 24 2007 22:45:46 by "java_re" with gcc 3.2.1-7a (J2SE release)

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Global name not defined

- by anteater7171

I wrote a CPU monitoring program in Python. For some reason sometimes the the program will run without any problem. Then other times the program won't even start because of the following error. Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 244, in run_nodebug File "C:\Python26\CPUR1.7.pyw", line 601, in app = simpleapp_tk(None) File "C:\Python26\CPUR1.7.pyw", line 26, in init self.initialize() File "C:\Python26\CPUR1.7.pyw", line 107, in initialize self.F() File "C:\Python26\CPUR1.7.pyw", line 517, in F S2 = TL.entryVariableS.get() NameError: global name 'TL' is not defined I can't seem to find the problem, maybe someone more experienced may assist me? Here is a snippet of the part giving me trouble: (The second to last line in the snippet is what's giving me trouble) def E(self): if self.selectedM.get() =='Options...': Setup global TL TL = Tkinter.Toplevel(self) menu = Tkinter.Menu(TL) TL.config(menu=menu) filemenu = Tkinter.Menu(menu) menu.add_cascade(label="| Menu |", menu=filemenu) filemenu.add_command(label="Instruction Manual...", command=self.helpmenu) filemenu.add_command(label="About...", command=self.aboutmenu) filemenu.add_separator() filemenu.add_command(label="Exit Options", command=TL.destroy) filemenu.add_command(label="Exit", command=self.destroy) helpmenu = Tkinter.Menu(menu) menu.add_cascade(label="| Help |", menu=helpmenu) helpmenu.add_command(label="Instruction Manual...", command=self.helpmenu) helpmenu.add_separator() helpmenu.add_command(label="Quick Help...", command=self.helpmenu) Title TL.label5 = Tkinter.Label(TL,text="CPU Usage: Options",anchor="center",fg="black",bg="lightgreen",relief="ridge",borderwidth=5,font=('Arial', 18, 'bold')) TL.label5.pack(padx=15,ipadx=5) X Y scale TL.separator = Tkinter.Frame(TL,height=7, bd=1, relief='ridge', bg='grey95') TL.separator.pack(pady=5,padx=5) # TL.sclX = Tkinter.Scale(TL.separator, from_=0, to=1500, orient='horizontal', resolution=1, command=self.A) TL.sclX.grid(column=1,row=0,ipadx=27, sticky='w') TL.label1 = Tkinter.Label(TL.separator,text="X",anchor="s",fg="black",bg="grey95",font=('Arial', 8 ,'bold')) TL.label1.grid(column=0,row=0, pady=1, sticky='S') TL.sclY = Tkinter.Scale(TL.separator, from_=0, to=1500, resolution=1, command=self.A) TL.sclY.grid(column=2,row=1,rowspan=2,sticky='e', padx=4) TL.label3 = Tkinter.Label(TL.separator,text="Y",fg="black",bg="grey95",font=('Arial', 8 ,'bold')) TL.label3.grid(column=2,row=0, padx=10, sticky='e') TL.entryVariable2 = Tkinter.StringVar() TL.entry2 = Tkinter.Entry(TL.separator,textvariable=TL.entryVariable2, fg="grey15",bg="grey90",relief="sunken",insertbackground="black",borderwidth=5,font=('Arial', 10)) TL.entry2.grid(column=1,row=1,ipadx=20, pady=10,sticky='EW') TL.entry2.bind("<Return>", self.B) TL.label2 = Tkinter.Label(TL.separator,text="X:",fg="black",bg="grey95",font=('Arial', 8 ,'bold')) TL.label2.grid(column=0,row=1, ipadx=4, sticky='W') TL.entryVariable1 = Tkinter.StringVar() TL.entry1 = Tkinter.Entry(TL.separator,textvariable=TL.entryVariable1, fg="grey15",bg="grey90",relief="sunken",insertbackground="black",borderwidth=5,font=('Arial', 10)) TL.entry1.grid(column=1,row=2,sticky='EW') TL.entry1.bind("<Return>", self.B) TL.label4 = Tkinter.Label(TL.separator,text="Y:", anchor="center",fg="black",bg="grey95",font=('Arial', 8 ,'bold')) TL.label4.grid(column=0,row=2, ipadx=4, sticky='W') TL.label7 = Tkinter.Label(TL.separator,text="Text Colour:",fg="black",bg="grey95",font=('Arial', 8 ,'bold'),justify='left') TL.label7.grid(column=1,row=3, sticky='W',padx=10,ipady=10,ipadx=30) TL.selectedP = Tkinter.StringVar() TL.opt1 = Tkinter.OptionMenu(TL.separator, TL.selectedP,'Normal', 'White','Black', 'Blue', 'Steel Blue','Green','Light Green','Yellow','Orange' ,'Red',command=self.G) TL.opt1.config(fg="black",bg="grey90",activebackground="grey90",activeforeground="black", anchor="center",relief="raised",direction='right',font=('Arial', 10)) TL.opt1.grid(column=1,row=4,sticky='EW',padx=20,ipadx=20) TL.selectedP.set('Normal') TL.sclS = Tkinter.Scale(TL.separator, from_=10, to=2000, orient='horizontal', resolution=10, command=self.H) TL.sclS.grid(column=1,row=5,ipadx=27, sticky='w') TL.sclS.set(600) TL.entryVariableS = Tkinter.StringVar() TL.entryS = Tkinter.Entry(TL.separator,textvariable=TL.entryVariableS, fg="grey15",bg="grey90",relief="sunken",insertbackground="black",borderwidth=5,font=('Arial', 10)) TL.entryS.grid(column=1,row=6,ipadx=20, pady=10,sticky='EW') TL.entryS.bind("<Return>", self.I) TL.entryVariableS.set(600) # TL.resizable(False,False) TL.title('Options') geomPatt = re.compile(r"(\d+)?x?(\d+)?([+-])(\d+)([+-])(\d+)") s = self.wm_geometry() m = geomPatt.search(s) X = m.group(4) Y = m.group(6) TL.sclY.set(Y) TL.sclX.set(X) if self.selectedM.get() == 'Exit': self.destroy() def F (self): G = round(psutil.cpu_percent(), 1) G1 = str(G) + '%' self.labelVariable.set(G1) if G < 5: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image0) if G >= 5: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image5) if G >= 10: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image10) if G >= 15: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image15) if G >= 20: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image20) if G >= 25: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image25) if G >= 30: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image30) if G >= 35: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image35) if G >= 40: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image40) if G >= 45: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image45) if G >= 50: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image50) if G >= 55: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image55) if G >= 60: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image60) if G >= 65: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image65) if G >= 70: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image70) if G >= 75: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image75) if G >= 80: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image80) if G >= 85: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image85) if G >= 90: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image90) if 100> G >= 95: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image95) if G == 100: self.imageLabel.configure(image=self.image100) S2 = TL.entryVariableS.get() self.after(int(S2), self.F)

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MySQL Binary Storage using BLOB VS OS File System: large files, large quantities, large problems.

- by Quantico773

Hi Guys, Versions I am running (basically latest of everything): PHP: 5.3.1 MySQL: 5.1.41 Apache: 2.2.14 OS: CentOS (latest) Here is the situation. I have thousands of very important documents, ranging from customer contracts to voice signatures (recordings of customer authorisation for contracts), with file types including, but not limited to jpg, gif, png, tiff, doc, docx, xls, wav, mp3, pdf, etc. All of these documents are currently stored on several servers including Windows 32 bit, CentOS and Mac, among others. Some files are also stored on employees desktop computers and laptops, and some are still hard copies stored in hundreds of boxes and filing cabinets. Now because customers or lawyers could demand evidence of contracts at any time, my company has to be able to search and locate the correct document(s) effectively, for this reason ALL of these files have to be digitised (if not already) and correlated into some sort of order for searching and accessing. As the programmer, I have created a full Customer Relations Management tool that the whole company uses. This includes Customer Profiles management, Order and job Tracking tools, Job/sale creation and management modules, etc, and at the moment any file that is needed at a customer profile level (drivers licence, credit authority, etc) or at a job/sale level (contracts, voice signatures, etc) can be uploaded to the server and sits in a parent/child hierarchy structure, just like Windows Explorer or any other typical file managment model. The structure appears as such: drivers_license |- DL_123.jpg voice_signatures |- VS_123.wav |- VS_4567.wav contracts So the files are uplaoded using PHP and Apache, and are stored in the file system of the OS. At the time of uploading, certain information about the file(s) is stored in a MySQL database. Some of the information stored is: TABLE: FileUploads FileID CustomerID (the customer id that the file belongs to, they all have this.) JobID/SaleID (the id of the job/sale associated, if any.) FileSize FileType UploadedDateTime UploadedBy FilePath (the directory path the file is stored in.) FileName (current file name of uploaded file, combination of CustomerID and JobID/SaleID if applicable.) FileDescription OriginalFileName (original name of the source file when uploaded, including extension.) So as you can see, the file is linked to the database by the File Name. When I want to provide a customers' files for download to a user all I have to do is "SELECT * FROM FileUploads WHERE CustomerID = 123 OR JobID = 2345;" and this will output all the file details I require, and with the FilePath and FileName I can provide the link for download. http... server / FilePath / FileName There are a number of problems with this method: Storing files in this "database unconcious" environment means data integrity is not kept. If a record is deleted, the file may not be deleted also, or vice versa. Files are strewn all over the place, different servers, computers, etc. The file name is the ONLY thing matching the binary to the database and customer profile and customer records. etc, etc. There are so many reasons, some of which are described here: http://www.dreamwerx.net/site/article01 . Also there is an interesting article here too: sietch.net/ViewNewsItem.aspx?NewsItemID=124 . SO, after much research I have pretty much decided I am going to store ALL of these files in the database, as a BLOB or LONGBLOB, but there are still many considerations before I do this. I know that storing them in the database is a viable option, however there are a number of methods of storing them. I also know storing them is one thing; correlating and accessing them in a manageable way is another thing entirely. The article provided at this link: dreamwerx.net/site/article01 describes a way of splitting the uploaded binary files into 64kb chunks and storing each chunk with the FileID, and then streaming the actual binary file to the client using headers. This is a really cool idea since it alleviates preassure on the servers memory; instead of loading an entire 100mb file into the RAM and then sending it to the client, it is doing it 64kb at a time. I have tried this (and updated his scripts) and this is totally successful, in a very small frame of testing. So if you are in agreeance that this method is a viable, stable and robust long-term option to store moderately large files (1kb to couple hundred megs), and large quantities of these files, let me know what other considerations or ideas you have. Also, I am considering getting a current "File Management" PHP script that gives an interface for managing files stored in the File System and converting it to manage files stored in the database. If there is already any software out there that does this, please let me know. I guess there are many questions I could ask, and all the information is up there ^^ so please, discuss all aspects of this and we can pass ideas back and forth and teach each other. Cheers, Quantico773

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Storage model for various user setting and attributes in database?

- by dvd

I'm currently trying to upgrade a user management system for one web application. This web application is used to provide remote access to various networking equipment for educational purposes. All equipment is assigned to various pods, which users can book for periods of time. The current system is very simple - just 2 user types: administrators and students. All their security and other attributes are mostly hardcoded. I want to change this to something like the following model: user <-- (1..n)profile <--- (1..n) attributes. I.e. user can be assigned several profiles and each profile can have multiple attributes. At runtime all profiles and attributes are merged into single active profile. Some examples of attributes i'm planning to implement: EXPIRATION_DATE - single value, value type: date, specifies when user account will expire; ACCESS_POD - single value, value type: ref to object of Pod class, specifies which pod the user is allowed to book, user profile can have multiple such attributes with different values; TIME_QUOTA - single value, value type: integer, specifies maximum length of time for which student can reserve equipment. CREDIT_CHARGING - multi valued, specifies how much credits will be assigned to user over period of time. (Reservation of devices will cost credits, which will regenerate over time); Security permissions and user preferences can end up as profile or user attributes too: i.e CAN_CREATE_USERS, CAN_POST_NEWS, CAN_EDIT_DEVICES, FONT_SIZE, etc.. This way i could have, for example: students of course A will have profiles STUDENT (with basic attributes) and PROFILE A (wich grants acces to pod A). Students of course B will have profiles: STUDENT, PROFILE B(wich grants to pod B and have increased time quotas). I'm using Spring and Hibernate frameworks for this application and MySQL for database. For this web application i would like to stay within boundaries of these tools. The problem is, that i can't figure out how to best represent all these attributes in database. I also want to create some kind of unified way of retrieveing these attributes and their values. Here is the model i've come up with. Base classes. public abstract class Attribute{ private Long id; Attribute() {} abstract public String getName(); public Long getId() {return id; } void setId(Long id) {this.id = id;} } public abstract class SimpleAttribute extends Attribute{ public abstract Serializable getValue(); abstract void setValue(Serializable s); @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { ... } @Override public int hashCode() { ... } } Simple attributes can have only one value of any type (including object and enum). Here are more specific attributes: public abstract class IntAttribute extends SimpleAttribute { private Integer value; public Integer getValue() { return value; } void setValue(Integer value) { this.value = value;} void setValue(Serializable s) { setValue((Integer)s); } } public class MaxOrdersAttribute extends IntAttribute { public String getName() { return "Maximum outstanding orders"; } } public final class CreditRateAttribute extends IntAttribute { public String getName() { return "Credit Regeneration Rate"; } } All attributes stored stored using Hibenate variant "table per class hierarchy". Mapping: <class name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.Attribute" table="ATTRIBUTES" abstract="true" > <id name="id" column="id"> <generator class="increment" /> </id> <discriminator column="attributeType" type="string"/> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.SimpleAttribute" abstract="true"> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.IntAttribute" abstract="true" > <property name="value" column="intVal" type="integer"/> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.CreditRateAttribute" discriminator-value="CreditRate" /> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.MaxOrdersAttribute" discriminator-value="MaxOrders" /> </subclass> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.DateAttribute" abstract="true" > <property name="value" column="dateVal" type="timestamp"/> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.ExpirationDateAttribute" discriminator-value="ExpirationDate" /> </subclass> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.PodAttribute" abstract="true" > <many-to-one name="value" column="podVal" class="ru.mirea.rea.model.pods.Pod"/> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.PodAccessAttribute" discriminator-value="PodAccess" lazy="false"/> </subclass> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.SecurityPermissionAttribute" discriminator-value="SecurityPermission" lazy="false"> <property name="value" column="spVal" type="ru.mirea.rea.db.hibernate.customTypes.SecurityPermissionType"/> </subclass> </subclass> </class> SecurityPermissionAttribute uses enumeration of various permissions as it's value. Several types of attributes imlement GrantedAuthority interface and can be used with Spring Security for authentication and authorization. Attributes can be created like this: public final class AttributeManager { public <T extends SimpleAttribute> T createSimpleAttribute(Class<T> c, Serializable value) { Session session = HibernateUtil.getCurrentSession(); T att = null; ... att = c.newInstance(); att.setValue(value); session.save(att); session.flush(); ... return att; } public <T extends SimpleAttribute> List<T> findSimpleAttributes(Class<T> c) { List<T> result = new ArrayList<T>(); Session session = HibernateUtil.getCurrentSession(); List<T> temp = session.createCriteria(c).list(); result.addAll(temp); return result; } } And retrieved through User Profiles to which they are assigned. I do not expect that there would be very large amount of rows in the ATTRIBUTES table, but are there any serious drawbacks of such design?

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Firefox throwing a exception with HTML Canvas putImageData

- by mr.doob

So I was working on this little javascript experiment and I needed a widget to track the FPS of it. I ported a widget I've been using with Actionscript 3 to Javascript and it seems to be working fine with Chrome/Safari but on Firefox is throwing an exception. This is the experiment: Depth of Field This is the error: [Exception... "An invalid or illegal string was specified" code: "12" nsresult: "0x8053000c (NS_ERROR_DOM_SYNTAX_ERR)" location: "http://mrdoob.com/projects/chromeexperiments/depth_of_field__debug/js/net/hires/debug/Stats.js Line: 105"] The line that is complaning about is this one: graph.putImageData(graphData, 1, 0, 0, 0, 69, 50); Which is a crappy code to "scroll" the bitmap pixels. The idea is that I only draw a few pixels on the left of the bitmap and then on the next frame I copy the whole bitmap and paste it on pixel to the right. This error usually is thrown because you're pasting a bitmap bigger than the source and it's going off the limits, but in theory that shouldn't be the case as I'm defining 69 as the width of the rectangle to paste (being the bitmap 70px wide). And this is full code: var Stats = { baseFps: null, timer: null, timerStart: null, timerLast: null, fps: null, ms: null, container: null, fpsText: null, msText: null, memText: null, memMaxText: null, graph: null, graphData: null, init: function(userfps) { baseFps = userfps; timer = 0; timerStart = new Date() - 0; timerLast = 0; fps = 0; ms = 0; container = document.createElement("div"); container.style.fontFamily = 'Arial'; container.style.fontSize = '10px'; container.style.backgroundColor = '#000033'; container.style.width = '70px'; container.style.paddingTop = '2px'; fpsText = document.createElement("div"); fpsText.style.color = '#ffff00'; fpsText.style.marginLeft = '3px'; fpsText.style.marginBottom = '-3px'; fpsText.innerHTML = "FPS:"; container.appendChild(fpsText); msText = document.createElement("div"); msText.style.color = '#00ff00'; msText.style.marginLeft = '3px'; msText.style.marginBottom = '-3px'; msText.innerHTML = "MS:"; container.appendChild(msText); memText = document.createElement("div"); memText.style.color = '#00ffff'; memText.style.marginLeft = '3px'; memText.style.marginBottom = '-3px'; memText.innerHTML = "MEM:"; container.appendChild(memText); memMaxText = document.createElement("div"); memMaxText.style.color = '#ff0070'; memMaxText.style.marginLeft = '3px'; memMaxText.style.marginBottom = '3px'; memMaxText.innerHTML = "MAX:"; container.appendChild(memMaxText); var canvas = document.createElement("canvas"); canvas.width = 70; canvas.height = 50; container.appendChild(canvas); graph = canvas.getContext("2d"); graph.fillStyle = '#000033'; graph.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height ); graphData = graph.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height); setInterval(this.update, 1000/baseFps); return container; }, update: function() { timer = new Date() - timerStart; if ((timer - 1000) > timerLast) { fpsText.innerHTML = "FPS: " + fps + " / " + baseFps; timerLast = timer; graph.putImageData(graphData, 1, 0, 0, 0, 69, 50); graph.fillRect(0,0,1,50); graphData = graph.getImageData(0, 0, 70, 50); var index = ( Math.floor(Math.min(50, (fps / baseFps) * 50)) * 280 /* 70 * 4 */ ); graphData.data[index] = graphData.data[index + 1] = 256; index = ( Math.floor(Math.min(50, 50 - (timer - ms) * .5)) * 280 /* 70 * 4 */ ); graphData.data[index + 1] = 256; graph.putImageData (graphData, 0, 0); fps = 0; } ++fps; msText.innerHTML = "MS: " + (timer - ms); ms = timer; } } Any ideas? Thanks in advance.

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C# UDP decoding datagrams fails randomly

- by Tom Frey

Hi, I'm experiencing an issue in a multi threaded application and have been debugging it for the last 3 days but for the life of it can not figure it out. I'm writing this, hoping that I either have a DUH moment when typing this or somebody sees something obvious in the code snippets I provide. Here's what's going on: I've been working on a new UDP networking library and have a data producer that multicasts UDP datagrams to several receiver applications. The sender sends on two different sockets that are bound to separate UDP multicast addresses and separate ports. The receiver application also creates two sockets and binds each one to one of the sender's multicast address/port. When the receiver receives the datagram, it copies it from the the buffer in a MemoryStream which is then put onto a thread safe queue, where another thread reads from it and decodes the data out of the MemoryStream. Both sockets have their own queues. What happens now is really weird, it happens randomly, non-reproducible and when I run multiple receiver applications, it only happens randomly on one of them every now and then. Basically, the thread that reads the MemoryStream out of the queue, reads it via a BinaryReader like ReadInt32(), etc. and thereby decodes the data. Every now and then however when it reads the data, the data it reads from it is incorrect, e.g. a negative integer number which the sender never would encode. However, as mentioned before, the decoding only fails in one of the receiver applications, in the other ones the datagram decodes fine. Now you might be saying, well, probably the UDP datagram has a byte corruption or something but I've logged every single datagram that's coming in and compared them on all receivers and the datagrams every application receives are absolutely identical. Now it gets even weirder, when I dump the datagram that failed to decode to disk and write a unit test that reads it and runs it through the decoder, it decodes just fine. Also when I wrap a try/catch around the decoder, reset the MemoryStream position in the catch and run it through the decoder again, it decodes just fine. To make it even weirder, this also only happens when I bind both sockets to read data from the sender, if I only bind one, it doesn't happen or at least I wasn't able to reproduce it. Here are is some corresponding code to what's going on: This is the receive callback for the socket: private void ReceiveCompleted(object sender, SocketAsyncEventArgs args) { if (args.SocketError != SocketError.Success) { InternalShutdown(args.SocketError); return; } if (args.BytesTransferred > SequencedUnitHeader.UNIT_HEADER_SIZE) { DataChunk chunk = new DataChunk(args.BytesTransferred); Buffer.BlockCopy(args.Buffer, 0, chunk.Buffer, 0, args.BytesTransferred); chunk.MemoryStream = new MemoryStream(chunk.Buffer); chunk.BinaryReader = new BinaryReader(chunk.MemoryStream); chunk.SequencedUnitHeader.SequenceID = chunk.BinaryReader.ReadUInt32(); chunk.SequencedUnitHeader.Count = chunk.BinaryReader.ReadByte(); if (prevSequenceID + 1 != chunk.SequencedUnitHeader.SequenceID) { log.Error("UdpDatagramGap\tName:{0}\tExpected:{1}\tReceived:{2}", unitName, prevSequenceID + 1, chunk.SequencedUnitHeader.SequenceID); } else if (chunk.SequencedUnitHeader.SequenceID < prevSequenceID) { log.Error("UdpOutOfSequence\tName:{0}\tExpected:{1}\tReceived:{2}", unitName, prevSequenceID + 1, chunk.SequencedUnitHeader.SequenceID); } prevSequenceID = chunk.SequencedUnitHeader.SequenceID; messagePump.Produce(chunk); } else UdpStatistics.FramesRxDiscarded++; Socket.InvokeAsyncMethod(Socket.ReceiveAsync, ReceiveCompleted, asyncReceiveArgs); } Here's some stub code that decodes the data: public static void OnDataChunk(DataChunk dataChunk) { try { for (int i = 0; i < dataChunk.SequencedUnitHeader.Count; i++) { int val = dataChunk.BinaryReader.ReadInt32(); if(val < 0) throw new Exception("EncodingException"); // do something with that value } } catch (Exception ex) { writer.WriteLine("ID:" + dataChunk.SequencedUnitHeader.SequenceID + " Count:" + dataChunk.SequencedUnitHeader.Count + " " + BitConverter.ToString(dataChunk.Buffer, 0, dataChunk.Size)); writer.Flush(); log.ErrorException("OnDataChunk", ex); log.Info("RETRY FRAME:{0} Data:{1}", dataChunk.SequencedUnitHeader.SequenceID, BitConverter.ToString(dataChunk.Buffer, 0, dataChunk.Size)); dataChunk.MemoryStream.Position = 0; dataChunk.SequencedUnitHeader.SequenceID = dataChunk.BinaryReader.ReadUInt32(); dataChunk.SequencedUnitHeader.Count = dataChunk.BinaryReader.ReadByte(); OnDataChunk(dataChunk); } } You see in the catch{} part I simply reset the MemoryStream.Position to 0 and call the same method again and it works just fine that next time? I'm really out of ideas at this point and unfortunately had no DUH moment writing this. Anybody have any kind of idea what might be going on or what else I could do to troubleshoot this? Thanks, Tom

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Very simple, terse and easy GUI programming “frameworks”

- by jetxee

Please list GUI programming libraries, toolkits, frameworks which allow to write GUI apps quickly. I mean in such a way, that GUI is described entirely in a human-readable (and human-writable) plain text file (code) code is terse (1 or 2 lines of code per widget/event pair), suitable for scripting structure and operation of the GUI is evident from the code (nesting of widgets and flow of events) details about how to build the GUI are hidden (things like mainloop, attaching event listeners, etc.) auto-layouts are supported (vboxes, hboxes, etc.) As answers suggest, this may be defined as declarative GUI programming, but it is not necessarily such. Any approach is OK if it works, is easy to use and terse. There are some GUI libraries/toolkits like this. They are listed below. Please extend the list if you see a qualifying toolkit missing. Indicate if the project is crossplatform, mature, active, and give an example if possible. Please use this wiki to discuss only Open Source projects. This is the list so far (in alphabetical order): Fudgets Fudgets is a Haskell library. Platform: Unix. Status: Experimental, but still maintained. An example: import Fudgets main = fudlogue (shellF "Hello" (labelF "Hello, world!" >+< quitButtonF)) GNUstep Renaissance Renaissance allows to describe GUI in simple XML. Platforms: OSX/GNUstep. Status: part of GNUstep. An example below: <window title="Example"> <vbox> <label font="big"> Click the button below to quit the application </label> <button title="Quit" action="terminate:"/> </vbox> </window> HTML HTML-based GUI (HTML + JS). Crossplatform, mature. Can be used entirely on the client side. Looking for a nice “helloworld” example. JavaFX JavaFX is usable for standalone (desktop) apps as well as for web applications. Not completely crossplatform, not yet completely open source. Status: 1.0 release. An example: Frame { content: Button { text: "Press Me" action: operation() { System.out.println("You pressed me"); } } visible: true } Screenshot is needed. Phooey Phooey is another Haskell library. Crossplatform (wxWidgets), HTML+JS backend planned. Mature and active. An example (a little more than a helloworld): ui1 :: UI () ui1 = title "Shopping List" $ do a <- title "apples" $ islider (0,10) 3 b <- title "bananas" $ islider (0,10) 7 title "total" $ showDisplay (liftA2 (+) a b) PythonCard PythonCard describes GUI in a Python dictionary. Crossplatform (wxWidgets). Some apps use it, but the project seems stalled. There is an active fork. I skip PythonCard example because it is too verbose for the contest. Shoes Shoes for Ruby. Platforms: Win/OSX/GTK+. Status: Young but active. A minimal app looks like this: Shoes.app { @push = button "Push me" @note = para "Nothing pushed so far" @push.click { @note.replace "Aha! Click!" } } Tcl/Tk Tcl/Tk. Crossplatform (its own widget set). Mature (probably even dated) and active. An example: #!/usr/bin/env wish button .hello -text "Hello, World!" -command { exit } pack .hello tkwait window . tekUI tekUI for Lua (and C). Platforms: X11, DirectFB. Status: Alpha (usable, but API still evolves). An example: #/usr/bin/env lua ui = require "tek.ui" ui.Application:new { Children = { ui.Window:new { Title = "Hello", Children = { ui.Text:new { Text = "_Hello, World!", Style = "button", Mode = "button", }, }, }, }, }:run() Treethon Treethon for Python. It describes GUI in a YAML file (Python in a YAML tree). Platform: GTK+. Status: work in proress. A simple app looks like this: _import: gtk view: gtk.Window() add: - view: gtk.Button('Hello World') on clicked: print view.get_label() Yet unnamed Python library by Richard Jones: This one is not released yet. The idea is to use Python context managers (with keyword) to structure GUI code. See Richard Jones' blog for details. with gui.vertical: text = gui.label('hello!') items = gui.selection(['one', 'two', 'three']) with gui.button('click me!'): def on_click(): text.value = items.value text.foreground = red XUL XUL + Javascript may be used to create stand-alone desktop apps with XULRunner as well as Mozilla extensions. Mature, open source, crossplatform. <?xml version="1.0"?> <?xml-stylesheet href="chrome://global/skin/" type="text/css"?> <window id="main" title="My App" width="300" height="300" xmlns="http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul"> <caption label="Hello World"/> </window> Thank your for contributions!

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how to run/compile java code from JTextArea at Runtime? ----urgent!!! college project

- by Lokesh Kumar

I have a JInternalFrame painted with a BufferedImage and contained in the JDesktopPane of a JFrame.I also have a JTextArea where i want to write some java code (function) that takes the current JInternalFrame's painted BufferedImage as an input and after doing some manipulation on this input it returns another manipulated BufferedImage that paints the JInternalFrame with new manipulated Image again!!. Manipulation java code of JTextArea:- public BufferedImage customOperation(BufferedImage CurrentInputImg) { Color colOld; Color colNew; BufferedImage manipulated=new BufferedImage(CurrentInputImg.getWidth(),CurrentInputImg.getHeight(),BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB); //make all Red pixels of current image black for(int i=0;i< CurrentInputImg.getWidth();i++) { for(int j=0;j< CurrentInputImg.getHeight(),j++) { colOld=new Color(CurrentInputImg.getRGB(i,j)); colNew=new Color(0,colOld.getGreen(),colOld.getBlue(),colOld.getAlpha()); manipulated.setRGB(i,j,colNew.getRGB()); } } return manipulated; } so,how can i run/compile this JTextArea java code at runtime and get a new manipulated image for painting on JInternalFrame??????? Here is my Main class: (This class is not actual one but i have created it for u for basic interfacing containing JTextArea,JInternalFrame,Apply Button) import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.*; import javax.swing.event.*; import javax.swing.JInternalFrame; import javax.swing.JDesktopPane; import java.awt.image.*; import javax.imageio.*; import java.io.*; import java.io.File; import java.util.*; class MyCustomOperationSystem extends JFrame **{** public JInternalFrame ImageFrame; public BufferedImage CurrenFrameImage; public MyCustomOperationSystem() **{** setTitle("My Custom Image Operations"); setSize((int)Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().getWidth(),(int)Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().getHeight()); JDesktopPane desktop=new JDesktopPane(); desktop.setPreferredSize(new Dimension((int)Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().getWidth(),(int)Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().getHeight())); try{ CurrenFrameImage=ImageIO.read(new File("c:/Lokesh.png")); }catch(Exception exp) { System.out.println("Error in Loading Image"); } ImageFrame=new JInternalFrame("Image Frame",true,true,false,true); ImageFrame.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(CurrenFrameImage.getWidth()+10,CurrenFrameImage.getHeight()+10)); ImageFrame.getContentPane().add(CreateImagePanel()); ImageFrame.setLayer(1); ImageFrame.setLocation(100,100); ImageFrame.setVisible(true); desktop.setOpaque(true); desktop.setBackground(Color.darkGray); desktop.add(ImageFrame); this.getContentPane().setLayout(new BorderLayout()); this.getContentPane().add("Center",desktop); this.getContentPane().add("South",ControlPanel()); pack(); setVisible(true); **}** public JPanel CreateImagePanel(){ JPanel tempPanel=new JPanel(){ public void paintComponent(Graphics g) { g.drawImage(CurrenFrameImage,0,0,this); } }; tempPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(CurrenFrameImage.getWidth(),CurrenFrameImage.getHeight())); return tempPanel; } public JPanel ControlPanel(){ JPanel controlPan=new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT)); JButton customOP=new JButton("Custom Operation"); customOP.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){ public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evnt){ JFrame CodeFrame=new JFrame("Write your Code Here"); JTextArea codeArea=new JTextArea("Your Java Code Here",100,70); JScrollPane codeScrollPan=new JScrollPane(codeArea,ScrollPaneConstants.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS, ScrollPaneConstants.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS); CodeFrame.add(codeScrollPan); CodeFrame.setVisible(true); } }); JButton Apply=new JButton("Apply Code"); Apply.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){ public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event){ // What should I do!!! Here!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! } }); controlPan.add(customOP); controlPan.add(Apply); return controlPan; } public static void main(String s[]) { new MyCustomOperationSystem(); } } Note: in above class JInternalFrame (ImageFrame) is not visible even i have declared it visible. so, ImageFrame is not visible while compiling and running above class. U have to identify this problem before running it.

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Twitter Bootstrap Collapsible Navbar Duplicating

- by sixeightzero

I am working on a project using Twitter Bootstrap. One thing that I noticed is that my pages have duplicate navbars when they are defined as collapsible and the page is resized smaller. Here is the duplicate NavBar: Here is the normal width NavBar: Code: <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en">     <html class="no-js">  <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <title></title> <meta name="description" content=""> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/bootstrap.css"> <style> body { padding-top: 60px; } </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/bootstrap-responsive.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/main.css"> <script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="/assets/js/vendor/jquery-1.8.1.min.js"><\/script>')</script> <script src="/assets/js/vendor/modernizr-2.6.1-respond-1.1.0.min.js"></script> </head> <body class="dark">  <div class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top"> <div class="navbar-inner"> <div class="container"> <a class="btn btn-navbar" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".nav-collapse"> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </a> <a class="brand" href="#">Project name</a> <div class="nav-collapse collapse"> <ul class="nav"> <li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li> <li><a href="#about">About</a></li> <li><a href="#contact">Contact</a></li> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Dropdown <b class="caret"></b></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="#">Action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li> <li class="divider"></li> <li class="nav-header">Nav header</li> <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li> <li><a href="#">One more separated link</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> Has anyone else run into this and have some pointers?

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Cobol: science and fiction

- by user847

There are a few threads about the relevance of the Cobol programming language on this forum, e.g. this thread links to a collection of them. What I am interested in here is a frequently repeated claim based on a study by Gartner from 1997: that there were around 200 billion lines of code in active use at that time! I would like to ask some questions to verify or falsify a couple of related points. My goal is to understand if this statement has any truth to it or if it is totally unrealistic. I apologize in advance for being a little verbose in presenting my line of thought and my own opinion on the things I am not sure about, but I think it might help to put things in context and thus highlight any wrong assumptions and conclusions I have made. Sometimes, the "200 billion lines" number is accompanied by the added claim that this corresponded to 80% of all programming code in any language in active use. Other times, the 80% merely refer to so-called "business code" (or some other vague phrase hinting that the reader is not to count mainstream software, embedded systems or anything else where Cobol is practically non-existent). In the following I assume that the code does not include double-counting of multiple installations of the same software (since that is cheating!). In particular in the time prior to the y2k problem, it has been noted that a lot of Cobol code is already 20 to 30 years old. That would mean it was written in the late 60ies and 70ies. At that time, the market leader was IBM with the IBM/370 mainframe. IBM has put up a historical announcement on his website quoting prices and availability. According to the sheet, prices are about one million dollars for machines with up to half a megabyte of memory. Question 1: How many mainframes have actually been sold? I have not found any numbers for those times; the latest numbers are for the year 2000, again by Gartner. :^( I would guess that the actual number is in the hundreds or the low thousands; if the market size was 50 billion in 2000 and the market has grown exponentially like any other technology, it might have been merely a few billions back in 1970. Since the IBM/370 was sold for twenty years, twenty times a few thousand will result in a couple of ten-thousands of machines (and that is pretty optimistic)! Question 2: How large were the programs in lines of code? I don't know how many bytes of machine code result from one line of source code on that architecture. But since the IBM/370 was a 32-bit machine, any address access must have used 4 bytes plus instruction (2, maybe 3 bytes for that?). If you count in operating system and data for the program, how many lines of code would have fit into the main memory of half a megabyte? Question 3: Was there no standard software? Did every single machine sold run a unique hand-coded system without any standard software? Seriously, even if every machine was programmed from scratch without any reuse of legacy code (wait ... didn't that violate one of the claims we started from to begin with???) we might have O(50,000 l.o.c./machine) * O(20,000 machines) = O(1,000,000,000 l.o.c.). That is still far, far, far away from 200 billion! Am I missing something obvious here? Question 4: How many programmers did we need to write 200 billion lines of code? I am really not sure about this one, but if we take an average of 10 l.o.c. per day, we would need 55 million man-years to achieve this! In the time-frame of 20 to 30 years this would mean that there must have existed two to three million programmers constantly writing, testing, debugging and documenting code. That would be about as many programmers as we have in China today, wouldn't it? Question 5: What about the competition? So far, I have come up with two things here: 1) IBM had their own programming language, PL/I. Above I have assumed that the majority of code has been written exclusively using Cobol. However, all other things being equal I wonder if IBM marketing had really pushed their own development off the market in favor of Cobol on their machines. Was there really no relevant code base of PL/I? 2) Sometimes (also on this board in the thread quoted above) I come across the claim that the "200 billion lines of code" are simply invisible to anybody outside of "governments, banks ..." (and whatnot). Actually, the DoD had funded their own language in order to increase cost effectiveness and reduce the proliferation of programming language. This lead to their use of Ada. Would they really worry about having so many different programming languages if they had predominantly used Cobol? If there was any language running on "government and military" systems outside the perception of mainstream computing, wouldn't that language be Ada? I hope someone can point out any flaws in my assumptions and/or conclusions and shed some light on whether the above claim has any truth to it or not.

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Panel is not displaying in JFrame

- by mallikarjun

I created a chat panel and added to Jframe but the panel is not displaying. But my sop in the chat panel are displaying in the console. Any one please let me know what could be the problem My Frame public class MyFrame extends JFrame { MyPanel chatClient; String input; public MyFrame() { input = (String)JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null, "Name:", "Connect to chat server", JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE, null,null, "Test"); input=input.trim(); chatClient = new MyPanel("localhost",input); setVisible(true); setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); add(chatClient); } public static void main(String...args){ new MyFrame(); } } MyPanel: public class MyPanel extends JPanel{ ChatClient chatClient; public MyPanel(String host, String uid) { chatClient= new ChatClient(host,uid); add(chatClient.getChatPanel()); this.setVisible(true); } } chat panel: public class ChatClient { Client client; String name; ChatPanel chatPanel; String hostid; public ChatClient(String host,String uid){ client = new Client(); client.start(); System.out.println("in constructor"); Network.register(client); client.addListener(new Listener(){ public void connected(Connection connection){ System.out.println("in client connected method"); Network.RegisterName registerName = new Network.RegisterName(); registerName.name=name; client.sendTCP(registerName); } public void received(Connection connection,Object object){ System.out.println("in client received method"); if (object instanceof Network.UpdateNames) { Network.UpdateNames updateNames = (Network.UpdateNames)object; //chatFrame.setNames(updateNames.names); System.out.println("got it message"); return; } if (object instanceof Network.ChatMessage) { Network.ChatMessage chatMessage = (Network.ChatMessage)object; //chatFrame.addMessage(chatMessage.text); System.out.println("send it message"); return; } } }); // end of listner name=uid.trim(); hostid=host.trim(); chatPanel = new ChatPanel(hostid,name); chatPanel.setSendListener(new Runnable(){ public void run(){ Network.ChatMessage chatMessage = new Network.ChatMessage(); chatMessage.chatMessage=chatPanel.getSendText(); client.sendTCP(chatMessage); } }); new Thread("connect"){ public void run(){ try{ client.connect(5000, hostid,Network.port); }catch(IOException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } }.start(); }//end of constructor static public class ChatPanel extends JPanel{ CardLayout cardLayout; JList messageList,nameList; JTextField sendText; JButton sendButton; JPanel topPanel,bottomPanel,panel; public ChatPanel(String host,String user){ setSize(600, 200); this.setVisible(true); System.out.println("Chat panel "+host+"user: "+user); { panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout()); { topPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2)); panel.add(topPanel); { topPanel.add(new JScrollPane(messageList=new JList())); messageList.setModel(new DefaultListModel()); } { topPanel.add(new JScrollPane(nameList=new JList())); nameList.setModel(new DefaultListModel()); } DefaultListSelectionModel disableSelections = new DefaultListSelectionModel() { public void setSelectionInterval (int index0, int index1) { } }; messageList.setSelectionModel(disableSelections); nameList.setSelectionMode(ListSelectionModel.SINGLE_SELECTION); } { bottomPanel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout()); panel.add(bottomPanel,BorderLayout.SOUTH); bottomPanel.add(sendText=new JTextField(),new GridBagConstraints(0,0,1,1,1,0,GridBagConstraints.CENTER,GridBagConstraints.BOTH,new Insets(0,0,0,0),0,0)); bottomPanel.add(sendButton=new JButton(),new GridBagConstraints(1,0,1,1,0,0,GridBagConstraints.CENTER,0,new Insets(0,0,0,0),0,0)); } } sendText.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){ public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){ sendButton.doClick(); } }); } public void setSendListener (final Runnable listener) { sendButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed (ActionEvent evt) { if (getSendText().length() == 0) return; listener.run(); sendText.setText(""); sendText.requestFocus(); } }); } public String getSendText () { return sendText.getText().trim(); } public void setNames (final String[] names) { EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable(){ public void run(){ DefaultListModel model = (DefaultListModel)nameList.getModel(); model.removeAllElements(); for(String name:names) model.addElement(name); } }); } public void addMessage (final String message) { EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() { public void run () { DefaultListModel model = (DefaultListModel)messageList.getModel(); model.addElement(message); messageList.ensureIndexIsVisible(model.size() - 1); } }); } } public JPanel getChatPanel(){ return chatPanel; } }

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CSS layout changes in Internet explorer

- by user1784103

My problem: I just coded a website that is styled just fine in chrome and firefox. However in internet explorer(9) it breaks. the gray header background is supposed to be pushed up to the right of the logo block, and the buttons are supposed to be in the dark grey area. I posted my code. I'm no expert at css, any tips would be greatly appreciated. (the second image is displaying the desired result) the html: Website </head> <body> <div class="wrap_overall"> <div class="header"> <a href="http://localhost"> <img class="logo" src="http://localhost/images/logo.png" width="175" height="24" alt="weblogo" /> </a> </div> <div class="headerbg"></div>  <div style="background-color:#6c6c6c;margin:9px0px0px;height:1px;width:1020px;z-index:1;"></div>  <div style="background-color:#5a5a5a;height:53px;width:1020px;z-index:1;"></div>  <div style="background-color:#d4e6b6;height:13px;width:1020px;z-index:1;border-top:4px solid #9de629; margin:0px 0px 10px;"></div> <div class="nav_main"> <ul> <li> <a href="http://localhost/button1"> <img src="http://localhost/images/button1.png" width="63" height="18" alt="button1" /> </a> </li> <li> <a href="http://localhost/index.php?page=button2"> <img src="http://localhost/images/button2.png" width="59" height="18" alt="button2" /> </a> </li> <li> <a href="http://localhost/index.php?page=button3"> <img src="http://localhost/images/button3.png" width="62" height="18" alt="button3" /> </a> </li> <li> <a href="http://localhost/index.php?page=button4"> <img src="http://localhost/images/button4.png" width="41" height="18" alt="button4" /> </a> </li> <li> <a href="http://localhost/index.php?page=button5"> <img src="http://localhost/images/button5.png" width="73" height="18" alt="button5" /> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </body> </html> the css: .logo { padding:60px 20px 50px 20px; } body { background-color:#282828; color:#FFFFFF; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } body a, img{ border-style:none; color:#9de629; text-decoration:none;} body a:visited {color:#9de629;} body a:hover{ color:#FFFFFF; text-decoration:underline;} .wrap_overall { position:relative; width: 1020px; margin:0px auto; } .header { width:216px; height:148px; margin:0px 0px; padding:0px 0px; background-color:#252525; float:left; display:inline; } .headerbg { margin:0px 0px 0px; padding:0px 0px; width:1020px; height:148px; background-color:#c7c7c7; } .nav_main/*holds the buttons*/ { margin:0px 0px 1px 0px; padding:0px 0px 0px 0px; position:absolute; top:148px; left:363px; z-index:2; overflow: hidden; } .nav_main ul { margin:0px 0px 0px 0px; padding:0px 0px 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; } .nav_main ul li { margin:0px 0px 0px 0px; display: inline; float: left; } .nav_main ul li a { outline: none; border:none; margin:0px 0px 0px 0px; margin-right:-10px; height:54px; width:125px; color:#FFFFFF; background-image:url(../images/button.png); text-align:center; display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; } .nav_main ul li a:hover { background-image:url(../images/buttonlight.png); }

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The impossible inline Javascript delay/sleep

- by trex005

There is a JavaScript function, of which I have zero control of the code, which calls a function that I wrote. My function uses DOM to generate an iFrame, defines it's src and then appends it to another DOM element. However, before my function returns, and thus allows continued execution of the containing function, it is imperative that the iFrame be fully loaded. Here are the things that I have tried and why they do not work : 1. The SetTimeout option : 99.999% of the time, this is THE answer. As a matter of fact, in the past decade that I have been mentoring in JavaScript, I have always insisted that code could always be refactored to use this option, and never believed a scenario existed where that was not the case. Well, I finally found one! The problem is that because my function is being called inline, if the very next line is executed before my iFrame finishes loading, it totally neuters my script, and since the moment my script completes, the external script continues. A callback of sorts will not work 2. The "Do nothing" loop :This option you use while(//iFrame is not loaded){//do nothing}. In theory this would not return until the frame is loaded. The problem is that since this hogs all the resources, the iFrame never loads. This trick, although horribly unprofessional, dirty etc. will work when you just need an inline delay, but since I require an external thread to complete, it will not.In FF, after a few seconds, it pauses the script and an alert pops up stating that there is an unresponsive script. While that alert is up, the iFrame is able to load, and then my function is able to return, but having the browser frozen for 10 seconds, and then requiring the user to correctly dismiss an error is a no go. 3. The model dialogue : I was inspired by the fact that the FF popup allowed the iFrame to load while halting the execution of the function, and thinking about it, I realized that it is because the modal dialogue, is a way of halting execution yet allowing other threads to continue! Brilliant, so I decided to try other modal options. Things like alert() work beautifully! When it pops up, even if only up for 1/10th of a second, the iFrame is able to complete, and all works great. And just in case the 1/10 of a second is not sufficient, I can put the model dialogue in the while loop from solution 2, and it would ensure that the iFrame is loaded in time. Sweet right? Except for the fact that I now have to pop up a very unprofessional dialogue for the user to dismiss in order to run my script. I fought with myself about this cost/benefit of this action, but then I encountered a scenario where my code was called 10 times on a single page! Having to dismiss 10 alerts before acessing a page?! That reminds me of the late 90s script kiddie pages, and is NOT an option. 4. A gazillion other delay script out there:There are about 10 jQuery delay or sleep functions, some of them actually quite cleverly developed, but none worked. A few prototype options, and again, none I found could do it! A dozen or so other libraries and frameworks claimed they had what I needed, but alas they all conspired to give me false hope. I am convinced that since a built in model dialogue can halt execution, while allowing other threads to continue, there must be some code accessible way to do the same thing with out user input. The Code is literally thousands upon thousands of lines and is proprietary, so I wrote this little example of the problem for you to work with. It is important to note the ONLY code you are able to change is in the onlyThingYouCanChange function Test File : <html> <head> </head> </html> <body> <div id='iFrameHolder'></div> <script type='text/javascript'> function unChangeableFunction() { new_iFrame = onlyThingYouCanChange(document.getElementById('iFrameHolder')); new_iFrame_doc = (new_iFrame.contentWindow || new_iFrame.contentDocument); if(new_iFrame_doc.document)new_iFrame_doc=new_iFrame_doc.document; new_iFrame_body = new_iFrame_doc.body; if(new_iFrame_body.innerHTML != 'Loaded?') { //The world explodes!!! alert('you just blew up the world! Way to go!'); } else { alert('wow, you did it! Way to go!'); } } var iFrameLoaded = false; function onlyThingYouCanChange(objectToAppendIFrameTo) { iFrameLoaded = false; iframe=document.createElement('iframe'); iframe.onload = new Function('iFrameLoaded = true'); iframe.src = 'blank_frame.html'; //Must use an HTML doc on the server because there is a very specific DOM structure that must be maintained. objectToAppendIFrameTo.appendChild(iframe); var it = 0; while(!iFrameLoaded) //I put the limit on here so you don't { //If I was able to put some sort of delay here that paused the exicution of the script, but did not halt all other browser threads, and did not require user interaction we'd be golden! //alert('test'); //This would work if it did not require user interaction! } return iframe; } unChangeableFunction(); </script> </body> blank_frame.html : <html> <head> </head> <body style='margin:0px'>Loaded?</body> </html>

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JNI String Corruption

- by Chris Dennett

Hi everyone, I'm getting weird string corruption across JNI calls which is causing problems on the the Java side. Every so often, I'll get a corrupted string in the passed array, which sometimes has existing parts of the original non-corrupted string. The C++ code is supposed to set the first index of the array to the address, it's a nasty hack to get around method call limitations. Additionally, the application is multi-threaded. remoteaddress[0]: 10.1.1.2:49153 remoteaddress[0]: 10.1.4.2:49153 remoteaddress[0]: 10.1.6.2:49153 remoteaddress[0]: 10.1.2.2:49153 remoteaddress[0]: 10.1.9.2:49153 remoteaddress[0]: {garbage here} java.lang.NullPointerException at kokuks.KKSAddress.<init>(KKSAddress.java:139) at kokuks.KKSAddress.createAddress(KKSAddress.java:48) at kokuks.KKSSocket._recvFrom(KKSSocket.java:963) at kokuks.scheduler.RecvOperation$1.execute(RecvOperation.java:144) at kokuks.scheduler.RecvOperation$1.execute(RecvOperation.java:1) at kokuks.KKSEvent.run(KKSEvent.java:58) at kokuks.KokuKS.handleJNIEventExpiry(KokuKS.java:872) at kokuks.KokuKS.handleJNIEventExpiry_fjni(KokuKS.java:880) at kokuks.KokuKS.runSimulator_jni(Native Method) at kokuks.KokuKS$1.run(KokuKS.java:773) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:717) remoteaddress[0]: 10.1.7.2:49153 The null pointer exception comes from trying to use the corrupt string. In C++, the address prints to standard out normally, but doing this reduces the rate of errors, from what I can see. The C++ code (if it helps): /* * Class: kokuks_KKSSocket * Method: recvFrom_jni * Signature: (Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/nio/ByteBuffer;IIJ)I */ JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_kokuks_KKSSocket_recvFrom_1jni (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jstring sockpath, jobjectArray addrarr, jobject buf, jint position, jint limit, jlong flags) { if (addrarr && env->GetArrayLength(addrarr) > 0) { env->SetObjectArrayElement(addrarr, 0, NULL); } jboolean iscopy; const char* cstr = env->GetStringUTFChars(sockpath, &iscopy); std::string spath = std::string(cstr); env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(sockpath, cstr); // release me! if (KKS_DEBUG) { std::cout << "[kks-c~" << spath << "] " << __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ << std::endl; } ns3::Ptr<ns3::Socket> socket = ns3::Names::Find<ns3::Socket>(spath); if (!socket) { std::cout << "[kks-c~" << spath << "] " << __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ << " socket not found for path!!" << std::endl; return -1; // not found } if (!addrarr) { std::cout << "[kks-c~" << spath << "] " << __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ << " array to set sender is null" << std::endl; return -1; } jsize arrsize = env->GetArrayLength(addrarr); if (arrsize < 1) { std::cout << "[kks-c~" << spath << "] " << __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ << " array too small to set sender!" << std::endl; return -1; } uint8_t* bufaddr = (uint8_t*)env->GetDirectBufferAddress(buf); long bufcap = env->GetDirectBufferCapacity(buf); uint8_t* realbufaddr = bufaddr + position; uint32_t remaining = limit - position; if (KKS_DEBUG) { std::cout << "[kks-c~" << spath << "] " << __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ << " bufaddr: " << bufaddr << ", cap: " << bufcap << std::endl; } ns3::Address aaddr; uint32_t mflags = flags; int ret = socket->RecvFrom(realbufaddr, remaining, mflags, aaddr); if (ret > 0) { if (KKS_DEBUG) std::cout << "[kks-c~" << spath << "] " << __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ << " addr: " << aaddr << std::endl; ns3::InetSocketAddress insa = ns3::InetSocketAddress::ConvertFrom(aaddr); std::stringstream ss; insa.GetIpv4().Print(ss); ss << ":" << insa.GetPort() << std::ends; if (KKS_DEBUG) std::cout << "[kks-c~" << spath << "] " << __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ << " addr: " << ss.str() << std::endl; jsize index = 0; const char *cstr = ss.str().c_str(); jstring jaddr = env->NewStringUTF(cstr); if (jaddr == NULL) std::cout << "[kks-c~" << spath << "] " << __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ << " jaddr is null!!" << std::endl; //jaddr = (jstring)env->NewGlobalRef(jaddr); env->SetObjectArrayElement(addrarr, index, jaddr); //if (env->ExceptionOccurred()) { // env->ExceptionDescribe(); //} } jint jret = ret; return jret; } The Java code (if it helps): /** * Pass an array of size 1 into remote address, and this will be set with * the sender of the packet (hax). This emulates C++ references. * * @param remoteaddress * @param buf * @param flags * @return */ public int _recvFrom(final KKSAddress remoteaddress[], ByteBuffer buf, long flags) { if (!kks.isCurrentlyThreadSafe()) throw new RuntimeException( "Not currently thread safe for ns-3 functions!" ); //lock.lock(); try { if (!buf.isDirect()) return -6; // not direct!! final String[] remoteAddrStr = new String[1]; int ret = 0; ret = recvFrom_jni( path.toPortableString(), remoteAddrStr, buf, buf.position(), buf.limit(), flags ); if (ret > 0) { System.out.println("remoteaddress[0]: " + remoteAddrStr[0]); remoteaddress[0] = KKSAddress.createAddress(remoteAddrStr[0]); buf.position(buf.position() + ret); } return ret; } finally { errNo = _getErrNo(); //lock.unlock(); } } public int recvFrom(KKSAddress[] fromaddress, final ByteBuffer bytes, long flags, long timeoutMS) { if (KokuKS.DEBUG_MODE) printMessage("public synchronized int recvFrom(KKSAddress[] fromaddress, final ByteBuffer bytes, long flags, long timeoutMS)"); if (kks.isCurrentlyThreadSafe()) { return _recvFrom(fromaddress, bytes, flags); // avoid event } fromaddress[0] = null; RecvOperation ro = new RecvOperation( kks, this, flags, true, bytes, timeoutMS ); ro.start(); fromaddress[0] = ro.getFrom(); return ro.getRetCode(); }

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Javascript: selfmade methods not working correctly

- by hdr

Hi everyone, I tried to figure this out for some days now, I tried to use my own object to sort of replace the global object to reduce problems with other scripts (userscripts, chrome extensions... that kind of stuff). However I can't get things to work for some reason. I tried some debugging with JSLint, the developer tools included in Google Chrome, Firebug and the integrated schript debugger in IE8 but there is no error that explains why it doesn't work at all in any browser I tried. I tried IE 8, Google Chrome 10.0.612.3 dev, Firefox 3.6.13, Safari 5.0.3 and Opera 11. So... here is the code: HTML: <!DOCTYPE HTML> <html manifest="c.manifest"> <head> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <meta charset="utf-8">   <script src="js/data.js"></script> </head> <body> <div id="controls"> <button onclick="MYOBJECTis.next()">Next</button> </div> <div id="textfield"></div> <canvas id="game"></canvas> </body> </html> Javascript: var that = window, it = document, k = Math.floor; var MYOBJECTis = { aresizer: function(){ // This method looks like it doesn't work. // It should automatically resize all the div elements and the body. // JSLint: no error (execpt for "'window' is not defined." which is normal since // JSLint does nor recognize references to the global object like "window" or "self" // even if you assume a browser) // Firebug: no error // Chrome dev tools: no error // IE8: that.documentElement.clientWidth is null or not an object "use strict"; var a = that.innerWidth || that.documentElement.clientWidth, d = that.innerHeight || that.documentElement.clientHeight; (function() { for(var b = 0, c = it.getElementsByTagName("div");b < c.length;b++) { c.style.width = k(c.offsetWidth) / 100 * k(a); c.style.height = k(c.offsetHight) / 100 * k(d); } }()); (function() { var b = it.getElementsByTagName("body"); b.width = a; b.height = d; }()); }, next: function(){ // This method looks like it doesn't work. // It should change the text inside a div element // JSLint: no error (execpt for "'window' is not defined.") // Firebug: no error // Chrome dev tools: no error // IE8: no error (execpt for being painfully slow) "use strict"; var b = it.getElementById("textfield"), a = [], c; switch(c !== typeof Number){ case true: a[1] = ["HI"]; c = 0; break; case false: return Error; default: b.innerHtml = a[c]; c+=1; } } }; // auto events (function(){ "use strict"; that.onresize = MYOBJECTis.aresizer(); }()); If anyone can help me out with this I would very much appreciate it. EDIT: To answer the question what's not working I can just say that no method I showed here is working at all and I don't know the cause of the problem. I also tried to clean up some of the code that has most likely nothing to do with it. Additional information is in the comments inside the code.

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Access Qry Questions

- by kralco626

It was suggested that I repost this questions as I didn't do a very good job discribing my issue the first time. (http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2921286/access-question) THE SITUATION: I have inspections from many months of many years. Sometimes there is more than one inspection in a month, sometimes there is no inspection. However, the report that is desired by the clients requires that I have EXACTLY ONE record per month for the time frame they request the report. They understand the data issues and have stated that if there is more than one inspection in a month to take the latest one. If the is not an inspection for that month, go back in time untill you find one and use that one. So a sample of the data is as follows: (I am including many records because I was told I did not include enough data on my last try) equip_id month year runtime date 1 5 2008 400 5/10/2008 12:34 PM 1 7 2008 500 7/12/2008 1:45 PM 1 8 2008 600 8/20/2008 1:12 PM 1 8 2008 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 1 2010 2000 1/12/2010 2:00 PM 1 3 2010 2200 3/24/2010 10:00 AM 2 7 2009 1000 7/20/2009 8:00 AM 2 10 2009 1400 10/14/2009 9:00 AM 2 1 2010 1600 1/15/2010 1:00 PM 2 1 2010 1610 1/30/2010 4:00 PM 2 3 2010 1800 3/15/2010 1:00PM After all the transformations to the data are done, it should look like this: equip_id month year runtime date 1 5 2008 400 5/10/2008 12:34 PM 1 6 2008 400 5/10/2008 12:34 PM 1 7 2008 500 7/12/2008 1:45 PM 1 8 2008 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 9 2008 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 10 2008 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 11 2008 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 12 2008 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 1 2009 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 2 2009 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 3 2009 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 4 2009 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 5 2009 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 6 2009 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 7 2009 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 8 2009 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 9 2009 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 10 2009 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 11 2009 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 12 2009 605 8/30/2008 8:00 AM 1 1 2010 2000 1/12/2010 2:00 PM 1 2 2010 2000 1/12/2010 2:00 PM 1 3 2010 2200 3/24/2010 10:00 AM 2 7 2009 1000 7/20/2009 8:00 AM 2 8 2009 1000 7/20/2009 8:00 AM 2 9 2009 1000 7/20/2009 8:00 AM 2 10 2009 1400 10/14/2009 9:00 AM 2 11 2009 1400 10/14/2009 9:00 AM 2 12 2009 1400 10/14/2009 9:00 AM 2 1 2010 1610 1/30/2010 4:00 PM 2 2 2010 1610 1/30/2010 4:00 PM 2 3 2010 1800 3/15/2010 1:00PM I think that this is the most accurate dipiction of the problem that I can give. I will now say what I have tried. Although if someone else has a better approach, I am perfectly willing to throw away what I have done and do it differently... STEP 1: create a query that removes the duplicates from the data. Ie. only one record per equip_id for each month/year, keeping the latest one. (done successfully) STEP 2: create a table of the date ranges the client wants the report for. (This is done dynamically at runtime) This table two field, Month and Year. So if the client wants a report from FEb 2008 to March 2010 the table would look like: Month Year 2 2008 3 2008 . . . 12 2008 1 2009 . . . 12 2009 1 2010 2 2010 3 2010 I then left joined this table with my query from step 1. So now I have a record for every month and every year that they want the report for, with nulls(or blanks) or sometimes 0s (not sure why, access is weird, but sometiems they are nulls and sumtimes they are 0s...) for the runtimes that are not avaiable. I don't particurally like this solution, but ill do it if i have to. (this is also done successfully) STEP 3: Fill in the missing runtime values. This I HAVE NOT done successfully. Note that if the request range for the report is feb 2008 to march 2010 and the oldest record for a particular equip_id is say june 2008, it is O.K. for the runtimes to be null (or zeros) for feb - may 2008. I am working with the following query for this step: SELECT equip_id as e_id,year,month, (select top 1 runhours from qry_1_c_One_Record_per_Month a where a.equip_id = e_id order by year,month) FROM qry_1_c_One_Record_per_Month where runhours is null or runhours = 0; UNION SELECT equip_id, year, month, runhours FROM qry_1_c_One_Record_per_Month WHERE .runhours Is Not Null And runhours <> 0 However I clearly can't check the a.equip_id = e_id ... so i don't have anyway to make sure i'm looking at the correct equip_id SUMMARY: So like i said i'm willing to throw away any part, or all of what I tried. Just trying to give everyone a complete picture. I REALLY apreciate ANY help! Thanks so much in advance!

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How to use Devicemotion/Gyroscope to move a dot from center to 8 directions of iphone screen

- by iSeeker

I am trying to move a dot at center to 8 directions of iphone screen using Devicemotion such that it moves faster when tilted at a faster rate. Rough sketch is below: I could find a similar implementation in an app called Gyrododge in appstore, i cant figure out how to make it work... Update: This is what i have done so far, but the response is not smooth, and is very jittery.. xdiff and ydiff are the change of device attitude in x and y directions, derived from quatenion implementation. if (currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.x < -2) { NSLog(@"To Top"); if (195+800*ydiff >=193 && 195+800*ydiff <= 197) { [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 195, 20, 20)]; }else{ if (195+800*ydiff >=390 ) { [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 390, 20, 20)]; }else if (195+800*ydiff <= 0){ [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 0, 20, 20)]; }else if(195+800*ydiff < 194){ [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 195+800*ydiff, 20, 20)]; }else if(195+800*ydiff > 196){ [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 195+800*ydiff, 20, 20)]; } } }else if (currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.x > 2){ NSLog(@"To Bottom"); if (195+800*ydiff >=193 && 195+800*ydiff <= 197) { [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 195, 20, 20)]; }else{ if (195+800*ydiff >=390 ) { [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 390, 20, 20)]; }else if (195+800*ydiff <= 0){ [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 0, 20, 20)]; }else if(195+800*ydiff < 194){ [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 195+800*ydiff, 20, 20)]; }else if(195+800*ydiff > 196){ [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 195+800*ydiff, 20, 20)]; } } }else if (currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.y < -2){ NSLog(@"To Left"); if (150+500*xdiff >= 148 && 150+500*xdiff <=152) { [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 195, 20, 20)]; }else{ if (150+500*xdiff >= 300 ) { [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(300, 195, 20, 20)]; }else if (150+500*xdiff <= 0){ [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(0, 195, 20, 20)]; }else if(150+500*xdiff < 148){ [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150+500*xdiff, 195, 20, 20)]; }else if(150+500*xdiff > 152){ [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150+500*xdiff, 195, 20, 20)]; } } }else if (currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.y > 2){ NSLog(@"To Right"); if (150+500*xdiff >= 148 && 150+500*xdiff <=152) { [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 195, 20, 20)]; }else{ if (150+500*xdiff >= 300 ) { [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(300, 195, 20, 20)]; }else if (150+500*xdiff <= 0){ [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(0, 195, 20, 20)]; }else if(150+500*xdiff < 148){ [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150+500*xdiff, 195, 20, 20)]; }else if(150+500*xdiff > 152){ [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150+500*xdiff, 195, 20, 20)]; } } }else if (currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.x < -0.20 && currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.y > 0.20 ){ NSLog(@"To Diagonal Right Top"); if (150+650*xdiff >= 148 && 150+650*xdiff <=152) { [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 195, 20, 20)]; }else{ if (150+650*xdiff >= 300 ) { [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(300, 0, 20, 20)]; }else if(150+650*xdiff > 152){ [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150+650*xdiff, 195-1.3*650*xdiff, 20, 20)]; } } }else if (currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.x > 0.20 && currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.y < -0.20 ){ NSLog(@"To Diagonal Left Bottom"); if (150+650*xdiff >= 148 && 150+650*xdiff <=152) { [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 195, 20, 20)]; }else{ if (150+650*xdiff <= 0 ) { [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(0, 390, 20, 20)]; }else if(150+650*xdiff < 148){ [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150+650*xdiff, 195-1.3*650*xdiff, 20, 20)]; } } }else if (currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.x < -0.20 && currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.y < -0.20 ){ NSLog(@"To Diagonal Left Top and xdiff is %f",xdiff); if (150+650*xdiff >= 148 && 150+650*xdiff <=152) { [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 195, 20, 20)]; }else{ if (150+650*xdiff <= 0 ) { [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 20, 20)]; }else if(150+650*xdiff < 148){ [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150+650*xdiff, 195+1.3*650*xdiff, 20, 20)]; } } }else if (currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.x > 0.20 && currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.y > 0.20 ){ NSLog(@"To Diagonal Right Bottom"); if (150+650*xdiff >= 148 && 150+650*xdiff <=152) { [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 195, 20, 20)]; }else{ if (150+650*xdiff >= 300 ) { [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(300, 390, 20, 20)]; }else if(150+650*xdiff > 152){ [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150+650*xdiff, 195+1.3*650*xdiff, 20, 20)]; } } }else if((currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.x < 0.20 && currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.x < -0.20) ||(currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.y < 0.20 && currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.y < -0.20) ||(currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.z < 0.20 && currDeviceMotion.rotationRate.z < -0.20)){ [self.rollDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 195, 20, 20)]; [self.pitchDot setFrame:CGRectMake(150, 195, 20, 20)]; } It could be great if i could make it move like the application i have stated above, called Gyrododge This link also addresses a similar question:Link. Any advice or help is greatly appreciated... Thanks.

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FreeBSD performance tuning. Sysctls, loader.conf, kernel.

- by SaveTheRbtz

I wanted to share knowledge of tuning FreeBSD via sysctls, so i'm posting them with comments. Based on Igor Sysoev (author of nginx) presentation about FreeBSD tuning up to 100,000-200,000 active connections. Sysctls are for 7.x FreeBSD. Since 7.2 amd64 some of them are tuned well by default. Prior 7.0 some of them are boot only (set via /boot/loader.conf) or does not exist at all. Highload web server sysctls: # Max. backlog size kern.ipc.somaxconn=4096 # Shared memory // 7.2+ can use shared memory > 2Gb kern.ipc.shmmax=2147483648 # Sockets kern.ipc.maxsockets=204800 # Do not use lager sockbufs on 8.0 # ( http://old.nabble.com/Significant-performance-regression-for-increased-maxsockbuf-on-8.0-RELEASE-tt26745981.html#a26745981 ) kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=262144 # Recive clusters (on amd64 7.2+ 65k is default) # For such high value vm.kmem_size must be increased to 3G #kern.ipc.nmbclusters=229376 # Jumbo pagesize(4k/8k) clusters # Used as general packet storage for jumbo frames # can be monitored via `netstat -m` #kern.ipc.nmbjumbop=192000 # Jumbo 9k/16k clusters # If you are using them #kern.ipc.nmbjumbo9=24000 #kern.ipc.nmbjumbo16=10240 # Every socket is a file, so increase them kern.maxfiles=204800 kern.maxfilesperproc=200000 kern.maxvnodes=200000 # Turn off receive autotuning #net.inet.tcp.recvbuf_auto=0 # Small receive space, only usable on http-server, on file server this # should be increased to 65535 or even more #net.inet.tcp.recvspace=8192 # Small send space is useful for http servers that serve small files # Autotuned since 7.x net.inet.tcp.sendspace=16384 # This should be enabled if you going to use big spaces (>64k) #net.inet.tcp.rfc1323=1 # Turn this off on highspeed, lossless connections (LAN 1Gbit+) #net.inet.tcp.delayed_ack=0 # This feature is useful if you are serving data over modems, Gigabit Ethernet, # or even high speed WAN links (or any other link with a high bandwidth delay product), # especially if you are also using window scaling or have configured a large send window. # You can try setting it to 0 on fileserver with 1GBit+ interfaces # Automatically disables on small RTT ( http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/sys/netinet/tcp_subr.c?#rev1.237 ) #net.inet.tcp.inflight.enable=0 # Disable randomizing of ports to avoid false RST # Before usage check SA here www.bsdcan.org/2006/papers/ImprovingTCPIP.pdf # (it's also says that port randomization auto-disables at some conn.rates, but I didn't tested it thou) #net.inet.ip.portrange.randomized=0 # Increase portrange # For outgoing connections only. Good for seed-boxes and ftp servers. net.inet.ip.portrange.first=1024 net.inet.ip.portrange.last=65535 # Security net.inet.ip.redirect=0 net.inet.ip.sourceroute=0 net.inet.ip.accept_sourceroute=0 net.inet.icmp.maskrepl=0 net.inet.icmp.log_redirect=0 net.inet.icmp.drop_redirect=1 net.inet.tcp.drop_synfin=1 # Security net.inet.udp.blackhole=1 net.inet.tcp.blackhole=2 # Increases default TTL, sometimes useful # Default is 64 net.inet.ip.ttl=128 # Lessen max segment life to conserve resources # ACK waiting time in miliseconds (default: 30000 from RFC) net.inet.tcp.msl=5000 # Max bumber of timewait sockets net.inet.tcp.maxtcptw=40960 # Don't use tw on local connections # As of 15 Apr 2009. Igor Sysoev says that nolocaltimewait has some buggy realization. # So disable it or now till get fixed #net.inet.tcp.nolocaltimewait=1 # FIN_WAIT_2 state fast recycle net.inet.tcp.fast_finwait2_recycle=1 # Time before tcp keepalive probe is sent # default is 2 hours (7200000) #net.inet.tcp.keepidle=60000 # Should be increased until net.inet.ip.intr_queue_drops is zero net.inet.ip.intr_queue_maxlen=4096 # Interrupt handling via multiple CPU, but with context switch. # You can play with it. Default is 1; #net.isr.direct=0 # This is for routers only #net.inet.ip.forwarding=1 #net.inet.ip.fastforwarding=1 # This speed ups dummynet when channel isn't saturated net.inet.ip.dummynet.io_fast=1 # Increase dummynet(4) hash #net.inet.ip.dummynet.hash_size=2048 #net.inet.ip.dummynet.max_chain_len # Should be increased when you have A LOT of files on server # (Increase until vfs.ufs.dirhash_mem becames lower) vfs.ufs.dirhash_maxmem=67108864 # Explicit Congestion Notification (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explicit_Congestion_Notification) net.inet.tcp.ecn.enable=1 # Flowtable - flow caching mechanism # Useful for routers #net.inet.flowtable.enable=1 #net.inet.flowtable.nmbflows=65535 # Extreme polling tuning #kern.polling.burst_max=1000 #kern.polling.each_burst=1000 #kern.polling.reg_frac=100 #kern.polling.user_frac=1 #kern.polling.idle_poll=0 # IPFW dynamic rules and timeouts tuning # Increase dyn_buckets till net.inet.ip.fw.curr_dyn_buckets is lower net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_buckets=65536 net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_max=65536 net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_ack_lifetime=120 net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_syn_lifetime=10 net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_fin_lifetime=2 net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_short_lifetime=10 # Make packets pass firewall only once when using dummynet # i.e. packets going thru pipe are passing out from firewall with accept #net.inet.ip.fw.one_pass=1 # shm_use_phys Wires all shared pages, making them unswappable # Use this to lessen Virtual Memory Manager's work when using Shared Mem. # Useful for databases #kern.ipc.shm_use_phys=1 /boot/loader.conf: # Accept filters for data, http and DNS requests # Usefull when your software uses select() instead of kevent/kqueue or when you under DDoS # DNS accf available on 8.0+ accf_data_load="YES" accf_http_load="YES" accf_dns_load="YES" # Async IO system calls aio_load="YES" # Adds NCQ support in FreeBSD # WARNING! all ad[0-9]+ devices will be renamed to ada[0-9]+ # 8.0+ only #ahci_load= #siis_load= # Increase kernel memory size to 3G. # # Use ONLY if you have KVA_PAGES in kernel configuration, and you have more than 3G RAM # Otherwise panic will happen on next reboot! # # It's required for high buffer sizes: kern.ipc.nmbjumbop, kern.ipc.nmbclusters, etc # Useful on highload stateful firewalls, proxies or ZFS fileservers # (FreeBSD 7.2+ amd64 users: Check that current value is lower!) #vm.kmem_size="3G" # Older versions of FreeBSD can't tune maxfiles on the fly #kern.maxfiles="200000" # Useful for databases # Sets maximum data size to 1G # (FreeBSD 7.2+ amd64 users: Check that current value is lower!) #kern.maxdsiz="1G" # Maximum buffer size(vfs.maxbufspace) # You can check current one via vfs.bufspace # Should be lowered/upped depending on server's load-type # Usually decreased to preserve kmem # (default is 200M) #kern.maxbcache="512M" # Sendfile buffers # For i386 only #kern.ipc.nsfbufs=10240 # syncache Hash table tuning net.inet.tcp.syncache.hashsize=1024 net.inet.tcp.syncache.bucketlimit=100 # Incresed hostcache net.inet.tcp.hostcache.hashsize="16384" net.inet.tcp.hostcache.bucketlimit="100" # TCP control-block Hash table tuning net.inet.tcp.tcbhashsize=4096 # Enable superpages, for 7.2+ only # Also read http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-hackers/2009-November/030094.html vm.pmap.pg_ps_enabled=1 # Usefull if you are using Intel-Gigabit NIC #hw.em.rxd=4096 #hw.em.txd=4096 #hw.em.rx_process_limit="-1" # Also if you have ALOT interrupts on NIC - play with following parameters # NOTE: You should set them for every NIC #dev.em.0.rx_int_delay: 250 #dev.em.0.tx_int_delay: 250 #dev.em.0.rx_abs_int_delay: 250 #dev.em.0.tx_abs_int_delay: 250 # There is also multithreaded version of em drivers can be found here: # http://people.yandex-team.ru/~wawa/ # # for additional em monitoring and statistics use # `sysctl dev.em.0.stats=1 ; dmesg` # #Same tunings for igb #hw.igb.rxd=4096 #hw.igb.txd=4096 #hw.igb.rx_process_limit=100 # Some useful netisr tunables. See sysctl net.isr #net.isr.defaultqlimit=4096 #net.isr.maxqlimit: 10240 # Bind netisr threads to CPUs #net.isr.bindthreads=1 # Nicer boot logo =) loader_logo="beastie" And finally here is my additions to GENERIC kernel # Just some of them, see also # cat /sys/{i386,amd64,}/conf/NOTES # This one useful only on i386 #options KVA_PAGES=512 # You can play with HZ in environments with high interrupt rate (default is 1000) # 100 is for my notebook to prolong it's battery life #options HZ=100 # Polling is goot on network loads with high packet rates and low-end NICs # NB! Do not enable it if you want more than one netisr thread #options DEVICE_POLLING # Eliminate datacopy on socket read-write # To take advantage with zero copy sockets you should have an MTU of 8K(amd64) # (4k for i386). This req. is only for receiving data. # Read more in man zero_copy_sockets #options ZERO_COPY_SOCKETS # Support TCP sign. Used for IPSec options TCP_SIGNATURE options IPSEC # This ones can be loaded as modules. They described in loader.conf section #options ACCEPT_FILTER_DATA #options ACCEPT_FILTER_HTTP # Adding ipfw, also can be loaded as modules options IPFIREWALL options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE_LIMIT=10 options IPFIREWALL_DEFAULT_TO_ACCEPT options IPFIREWALL_FORWARD # Adding kernel NAT options IPFIREWALL_NAT options LIBALIAS # Traffic shaping options DUMMYNET # Divert, i.e. for userspace NAT options IPDIVERT # This is for OpenBSD's pf firewall device pf device pflog # pf's QoS - ALTQ options ALTQ options ALTQ_CBQ # Class Bases Queuing (CBQ) options ALTQ_RED # Random Early Detection (RED) options ALTQ_RIO # RED In/Out options ALTQ_HFSC # Hierarchical Packet Scheduler (HFSC) options ALTQ_PRIQ # Priority Queuing (PRIQ) options ALTQ_NOPCC # Required for SMP build # Pretty console # Manual can be found here http://forums.freebsd.org/showthread.php?t=6134 #options VESA #options SC_PIXEL_MODE # Disable reboot on Ctrl Alt Del #options SC_DISABLE_REBOOT # Change normal|kernel messages color options SC_NORM_ATTR=(FG_GREEN|BG_BLACK) options SC_KERNEL_CONS_ATTR=(FG_YELLOW|BG_BLACK) # More scroll space options SC_HISTORY_SIZE=8192 # Adding hardware crypto device device crypto device cryptodev # Useful network interfaces device vlan device tap #Virtual Ethernet driver device gre #IP over IP tunneling device if_bridge #Bridge interface device pfsync #synchronization interface for PF device carp #Common Address Redundancy Protocol device enc #IPsec interface device lagg #Link aggregation interface device stf #IPv4-IPv6 port # Also for my notebook, but may be used with Opteron #device amdtemp # Support for ECMP. More than one route for destination # Works even with default route so one can use it as LB for two ISP # For now code is unstable and panics (panic: rtfree 2) on route deletions. #options RADIX_MPATH # Multicast routing #options MROUTING #options PIM # DTrace options KDTRACE_HOOKS # all architectures - enable general DTrace hooks options DDB_CTF # all architectures - kernel ELF linker loads CTF data #options KDTRACE_FRAME # amd64-only # Adaptive spining in lockmgr (8.x+) # See http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg10782.html options ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS # UTF-8 in console (9.x+) #options TEKEN_UTF8 #options TEKEN_XTERM # NCQ support # WARNING! all ad[0-9]+ devices will be renamed to ada[0-9]+ #options ATA_CAM # FreeBSD 9+ # Deadlock resolver thread # For additional information see http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg18124.html #options DEADLKRES PS. Also most of FreeBSD's limits can be monitored by # vmstat -z and # limits PPS. variety of network counters can be monitored via # netstat -s In FreeBSD-9 netstat's -Q option appeared, try following command to display netisr stats # netstat -Q PPPS. also see # man 7 tuning PPPPS. I wanted to thank FreeBSD community, especially author of nginx - Igor Sysoev, nginx-ru@ and FreeBSD-performance@ mailing lists for providing useful information about FreeBSD tuning. So here is the question: What tunings are you using on yours FreeBSD servers? You can also post your /etc/sysctl.conf, /boot/loader.conf, kernel options, etc with description of its' meaning (do not copy-paste from sysctl -d). Don't forget to specify server type (web, smb, gateway, etc) Let's share experience!

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Unable to receive any emails using postfix, dovecot, mysql, and virtual domain/mailboxes

- by stkdev248

I have been working on configuring my mail server for the last couple of weeks using postfix, dovecot, and mysql. I have one virtual domain and a few virtual mailboxes. Using squirrelmail I have been able to log into my accounts and send emails out (e.g. I can send to googlemail just fine), however I am not able to receive any emails--not from the outside world nor from within my own network. I am able to telnet in using localhost, my private ip, and my public ip on port 25 without any problems (I've tried it from the server itself and from another computer on my network). This is what I get in my logs when I send an email from my googlemail account to my mail server: mail.log Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/qmgr[1721]: BE01B520538: from=, size=733, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/pipe[3371]: 78BC0520510: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=45421, delays=45421/0/0/0.13, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied) Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/pipe[3391]: 8261B520534: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=38036, delays=38036/0.06/0/0.12, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/pipe[3378]: 63927520532: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=38105, delays=38105/0.02/0/0.17, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/pipe[3375]: 07F65520522: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=39467, delays=39467/0.01/0/0.17, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/pipe[3381]: EEDE9520527: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=38361, delays=38360/0.04/0/0.15, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/pipe[3379]: 67DFF520517: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=40475, delays=40475/0.03/0/0.16, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/pipe[3387]: 3C7A052052E: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=38259, delays=38259/0.05/0/0.13, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/pipe[3394]: BE01B520538: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=37682, delays=37682/0.07/0/0.11, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:36:07 server1 postfix/pipe[3384]: 3C7A052052E: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=38261, delays=38259/0.04/0/1.3, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:39:23 server1 postfix/anvil[3368]: statistics: max connection rate 1/60s for (smtp:209.85.213.169) at Apr 14 07:35:32 Apr 14 07:39:23 server1 postfix/anvil[3368]: statistics: max connection count 1 for (smtp:209.85.213.169) at Apr 14 07:35:32 Apr 14 07:39:23 server1 postfix/anvil[3368]: statistics: max cache size 1 at Apr 14 07:35:32 Apr 14 07:41:06 server1 postfix/qmgr[1721]: ED6005203B7: from=, size=1463, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Apr 14 07:41:06 server1 postfix/pipe[4594]: ED6005203B7: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=334, delays=334/0.01/0/0.13, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:51:06 server1 postfix/qmgr[1721]: ED6005203B7: from=, size=1463, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Apr 14 07:51:06 server1 postfix/pipe[4604]: ED6005203B7: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=933, delays=933/0.02/0/0.12, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) mail-dovecot-log (the log I set for debugging): Apr 14 07:28:26 auth: Info: mysql(127.0.0.1): Connected to database postfixadmin Apr 14 07:28:26 auth: Debug: sql([email protected],127.0.0.1): query: SELECT password FROM mailbox WHERE username = '[email protected]' Apr 14 07:28:26 auth: Debug: client out: OK 1 [email protected] Apr 14 07:28:26 auth: Debug: master in: REQUEST 1809973249 3356 1 7cfb822db820fc5da67d0776b107cb3f Apr 14 07:28:26 auth: Debug: sql([email protected],127.0.0.1): SELECT '/home/vmail/mydomain.com/some.user1' as home, 5000 AS uid, 5000 AS gid FROM mailbox WHERE username = '[email protected]' Apr 14 07:28:26 auth: Debug: master out: USER 1809973249 [email protected] home=/home/vmail/mydomain.com/some.user1 uid=5000 gid=5000 Apr 14 07:28:26 imap-login: Info: Login: user=, method=PLAIN, rip=127.0.0.1, lip=127.0.0.1, mpid=3360, secured Apr 14 07:28:26 imap([email protected]): Debug: Effective uid=5000, gid=5000, home=/home/vmail/mydomain.com/some.user1 Apr 14 07:28:26 imap([email protected]): Debug: maildir++: root=/home/vmail/mydomain.com/some.user1/Maildir, index=/home/vmail/mydomain.com/some.user1/Maildir/indexes, control=, inbox=/home/vmail/mydomain.com/some.user1/Maildir Apr 14 07:48:31 imap([email protected]): Info: Disconnected: Logged out bytes=85/681 From the output above I'm pretty sure that my problems all stem from (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ), but I have no idea why I'm getting that error. I've have the permissions to that log set just like the other mail logs: root@server1:~# ls -l /var/log/mail* -rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 196653 2012-04-14 07:58 /var/log/mail-dovecot.log -rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 62778 2012-04-13 21:04 /var/log/mail.err -rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 497767 2012-04-14 08:01 /var/log/mail.log Does anyone have any idea what I may be doing wrong? Here are my main.cf and master.cf files: main.cf: # See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version # Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first # line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default # is /etc/mailname. #myorigin = /etc/mailname smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) biff = no # appending .domain is the MUA's job. append_dot_mydomain = no # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings #delay_warning_time = 4h readme_directory = no # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache # See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for # information on enabling SSL in the smtp client. myhostname = server1.mydomain.com alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases myorigin = /etc/mailname mydestination = relayhost = mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 mailbox_command = procmail -a "$EXTENSION" mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all # Virtual Configs virtual_uid_maps = static:5000 virtual_gid_maps = static:5000 virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_domains.cf virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf relay_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_relay_domains.cf smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unauth_destination, reject_unauth_pipelining, reject_invalid_hostname smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous virtual_transport=dovecot dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1 master.cf: # # Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format # of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master"). # # Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file. # # ========================================================================== # service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args # (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100) # ========================================================================== smtp inet n - - - - smtpd #smtp inet n - - - 1 postscreen #smtpd pass - - - - - smtpd #dnsblog unix - - - - 0 dnsblog #tlsproxy unix - - - - 0 tlsproxy #submission inet n - - - - smtpd # -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt # -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING #smtps inet n - - - - smtpd # -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes # -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING #628 inet n - - - - qmqpd pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 qmgr #qmgr fifo n - - 300 1 oqmgr tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce defer unix - - - - 0 bounce trace unix - - - - 0 bounce verify unix - - - - 1 verify flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap smtp unix - - - - - smtp # When relaying mail as backup MX, disable fallback_relay to avoid MX loops relay unix - - - - - smtp -o smtp_fallback_relay= # -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5 showq unix n - - - - showq error unix - - - - - error retry unix - - - - - error discard unix - - - - - discard local unix - n n - - local virtual unix - n n - - virtual lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil scache unix - - - - 1 scache # # ==================================================================== # Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual # pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants. # # Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery # agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient} # and other message envelope options. # ==================================================================== # # maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details. # Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1 # maildrop unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient} # # ==================================================================== # # Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry. # # Specify in cyrus.conf: # lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4 # # Specify in main.cf one or more of the following: # mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # # ==================================================================== # # Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux) # Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1 # #cyrus unix - n n - - pipe # user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # Old example of delivery via Cyrus. # #old-cyrus unix - n n - - pipe # flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # # See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details. # uucp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient) # # Other external delivery methods. # ifmail unix - n n - - pipe flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient) bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension} mailman unix - n n - - pipe flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py ${nexthop} ${user} dovecot unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail:vmail argv=/usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -d ${recipient}

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Inbound SIP calls through Cisco 881 NAT hang up after a few seconds

- by MasterRoot24

I've recently moved to a Cisco 881 router for my WAN link. I was previously using a Cisco Linksys WAG320N as my modem/router/WiFi AP/NAT firewall. The WAG320N is now running in bridged mode, so it's simply acting as a modem with one of it's LAN ports connected to FE4 WAN on my Cisco 881. The Cisco 881 get's a DHCP provided IP from my ISP. My LAN is part of default Vlan 1 (192.168.1.0/24). General internet connectivity is working great, I've managed to setup static NAT rules for my HTTP/HTTPS/SMTP/etc. services which are running on my LAN. I don't know whether it's worth mentioning that I've opted to use NVI NAT (ip nat enable as opposed to the traditional ip nat outside/ip nat inside) setup. My reason for this is that NVI allows NAT loopback from my LAN to the WAN IP and back in to the necessary server on the LAN. I run an Asterisk 1.8 PBX on my LAN, which connects to a SIP provider on the internet. Both inbound and outbound calls through the old setup (WAG320N providing routing/NAT) worked fine. However, since moving to the Cisco 881, inbound calls drop after around 10 seconds, whereas outbound calls work fine. The following message is logged on my Asterisk PBX: [Dec 9 15:27:45] WARNING[27734]: chan_sip.c:3641 retrans_pkt: Retransmission timeout reached on transmission [email protected] for seqno 1 (Critical Response) -- See https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/SIP+Retransmissions Packet timed out after 6528ms with no response [Dec 9 15:27:45] WARNING[27734]: chan_sip.c:3670 retrans_pkt: Hanging up call [email protected] - no reply to our critical packet (see https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/SIP+Retransmissions). (I know that this is quite a common issue - I've spend the best part of 2 days solid on this, trawling Google.) I've done as I am told and checked https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/SIP+Retransmissions. Referring to the section "Other SIP requests" in the page linked above, I believe that the hangup to be caused by the ACK from my SIP provider not being passed back through NAT to Asterisk on my PBX. I tried to ascertain this by dumping the packets on my WAN interface on the 881. I managed to obtain a PCAP dump of packets in/out of my WAN interface. Here's an example of an ACK being reveived by the router from my provider: 689 21.219999 193.x.x.x 188.x.x.x SIP 502 Request: ACK sip:[email protected] | However a SIP trace on the Asterisk server show's that there are no ACK's received in response to the 200 OK from my PBX: http://pastebin.com/wwHpLPPz In the past, I have been strongly advised to disable any sort of SIP ALGs on routers and/or firewalls and the many posts regarding this issue on the internet seem to support this. However, I believe on Cisco IOS, the config command to disable SIP ALG is no ip nat service sip udp port 5060 however, this doesn't appear to help the situation. To confirm that config setting is set: Router1#show running-config | include sip no ip nat service sip udp port 5060 Another interesting twist: for a short period of time, I tried another provider. Luckily, my trial account with them is still available, so I reverted my Asterisk config back to the revision before I integrated with my current provider. I then dialled in to the DDI associated with the trial trunk and the call didn't get hung up and I didn't get the error above! To me, this points at the provider, however I know, like all providers do, will say "There's no issues with our SIP proxies - it's your firewall." I'm tempted to agree with this, as this issue was not apparent with the old WAG320N router when it was doing the NAT'ing. I'm sure you'll want to see my running-config too: ! ! Last configuration change at 15:55:07 UTC Sun Dec 9 2012 by xxx version 15.2 no service pad service tcp-keepalives-in service tcp-keepalives-out service timestamps debug datetime msec localtime show-timezone service timestamps log datetime msec localtime show-timezone no service password-encryption service sequence-numbers ! hostname Router1 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! ! security authentication failure rate 10 log security passwords min-length 6 logging buffered 4096 logging console critical enable secret 4 xxx ! aaa new-model ! ! aaa authentication login local_auth local ! ! ! ! ! aaa session-id common ! memory-size iomem 10 ! crypto pki trustpoint TP-self-signed-xxx enrollment selfsigned subject-name cn=IOS-Self-Signed-Certificate-xxx revocation-check none rsakeypair TP-self-signed-xxx ! ! crypto pki certificate chain TP-self-signed-xxx certificate self-signed 01 quit no ip source-route no ip gratuitous-arps ip auth-proxy max-login-attempts 5 ip admission max-login-attempts 5 ! ! ! ! ! no ip bootp server ip domain name dmz.merlin.local ip domain list dmz.merlin.local ip domain list merlin.local ip name-server x.x.x.x ip inspect audit-trail ip inspect udp idle-time 1800 ip inspect dns-timeout 7 ip inspect tcp idle-time 14400 ip inspect name autosec_inspect ftp timeout 3600 ip inspect name autosec_inspect http timeout 3600 ip inspect name autosec_inspect rcmd timeout 3600 ip inspect name autosec_inspect realaudio timeout 3600 ip inspect name autosec_inspect smtp timeout 3600 ip inspect name autosec_inspect tftp timeout 30 ip inspect name autosec_inspect udp timeout 15 ip inspect name autosec_inspect tcp timeout 3600 ip cef login block-for 3 attempts 3 within 3 no ipv6 cef ! ! multilink bundle-name authenticated license udi pid CISCO881-SEC-K9 sn ! ! username xxx privilege 15 secret 4 xxx username xxx secret 4 xxx ! ! ! ! ! ip ssh time-out 60 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! interface FastEthernet0 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet1 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet2 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet3 switchport access vlan 2 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet4 ip address dhcp no ip redirects no ip unreachables no ip proxy-arp ip nat enable duplex auto speed auto ! interface Vlan1 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 no ip redirects no ip unreachables no ip proxy-arp ip nat enable ! interface Vlan2 ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0 ! ip forward-protocol nd ip http server ip http access-class 1 ip http authentication local ip http secure-server ip http timeout-policy idle 60 life 86400 requests 10000 ! ! no ip nat service sip udp port 5060 ip nat source list 1 interface FastEthernet4 overload ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 80 interface FastEthernet4 80 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 443 interface FastEthernet4 443 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 25 interface FastEthernet4 25 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 587 interface FastEthernet4 587 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 143 interface FastEthernet4 143 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 993 interface FastEthernet4 993 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 1723 interface FastEthernet4 1723 ! ! logging trap debugging logging facility local2 access-list 1 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 1 permit 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 no cdp run ! ! ! ! control-plane ! ! banner motd Authorized Access only ! line con 0 login authentication local_auth length 0 transport output all line aux 0 exec-timeout 15 0 login authentication local_auth transport output all line vty 0 1 access-class 1 in logging synchronous login authentication local_auth length 0 transport preferred none transport input telnet transport output all line vty 2 4 access-class 1 in login authentication local_auth length 0 transport input ssh transport output all ! ! end ...and, if it's of any use, here's my Asterisk SIP config: [general] context=default ; Default context for calls allowoverlap=no ; Disable overlap dialing support. (Default is yes) udpbindaddr=0.0.0.0 ; IP address to bind UDP listen socket to (0.0.0.0 binds to all) ; Optionally add a port number, 192.168.1.1:5062 (default is port 5060) tcpenable=no ; Enable server for incoming TCP connections (default is no) tcpbindaddr=0.0.0.0 ; IP address for TCP server to bind to (0.0.0.0 binds to all interfaces) ; Optionally add a port number, 192.168.1.1:5062 (default is port 5060) srvlookup=yes ; Enable DNS SRV lookups on outbound calls ; Note: Asterisk only uses the first host ; in SRV records ; Disabling DNS SRV lookups disables the ; ability to place SIP calls based on domain ; names to some other SIP users on the Internet ; Specifying a port in a SIP peer definition or ; when dialing outbound calls will supress SRV ; lookups for that peer or call. directmedia=no ; Don't allow direct RTP media between extensions (doesn't work through NAT) externhost=<MY DYNDNS HOSTNAME> ; Our external hostname to resolve to IP and be used in NAT'ed packets localnet=192.168.1.0/24 ; Define our local network so we know which packets need NAT'ing qualify=yes ; Qualify peers by default dtmfmode=rfc2833 ; Set the default DTMF mode disallow=all ; Disallow all codecs by default allow=ulaw ; Allow G.711 u-law allow=alaw ; Allow G.711 a-law ; ---------------------- ; SIP Trunk Registration ; ---------------------- ; Orbtalk register => <MY SIP PROVIDER USER NAME>:[email protected]/<MY DDI> ; Main Orbtalk number ; ---------- ; Trunks ; ---------- [orbtalk] ; Main Orbtalk trunk type=peer insecure=invite host=sipgw3.orbtalk.co.uk nat=yes username=<MY SIP PROVIDER USER NAME> defaultuser=<MY SIP PROVIDER USER NAME> fromuser=<MY SIP PROVIDER USER NAME> secret=xxx context=inbound I really don't know where to go with this. If anyone can help me find out why these calls are being dropped off, I'd be grateful if you could chime in! Please let me know if any further info is required.

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Unable to install rubygems in ubuntu 10.04

- by loganathan

I had installed the ruby 1.8.7 with patch level 253 successfully on my ubuntu 10.04, but while installing ruby gems I am facing the below error, can anybody help me on this. ruby -v ruby 1.8.7 (2010-04-19 patchlevel 253) [i686-linux], MBARI 0x8770, Ruby Enterprise Edition 2010.02 gem install mongrel *** longjmp causes uninitialized stack frame ***: /usr/bin/ruby terminated ======= Backtrace: ========= /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc.so.6(__fortify_fail+0x50)[0x3612d0] /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc.so.6(+0xe223a)[0x36123a] /usr/bin/ruby[0x80577b9] /usr/bin/ruby[0x80577d5] /usr/bin/ruby(rb_thread_schedule+0x9fc)[0x80652ac] /usr/bin/ruby(rb_thread_kill+0x14)[0x8066c74] /usr/bin/ruby[0x806071d] /usr/bin/ruby[0x80608b9] /usr/bin/ruby[0x806a869] /usr/bin/ruby[0x806a290] /usr/bin/ruby[0x8060601] /usr/bin/ruby[0x80608b9] /usr/bin/ruby[0x806a869] /usr/bin/ruby[0x806995b] /usr/bin/ruby[0x8060601] /usr/bin/ruby[0x80608b9] /usr/bin/ruby[0x806aaa5] /usr/bin/ruby[0x8069d54] /usr/bin/ruby[0x8060601] /usr/bin/ruby[0x80608b9] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805df2d] /usr/bin/ruby[0x8069581] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805de52] /usr/bin/ruby[0x806a0eb] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805e630] /usr/bin/ruby[0x8060601] /usr/bin/ruby[0x80608b9] /usr/bin/ruby[0x806aaa5] /usr/bin/ruby[0x806a715] /usr/bin/ruby[0x8060601] /usr/bin/ruby[0x80608b9] /usr/bin/ruby[0x806a869] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805e48b] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805de52] /usr/bin/ruby[0x8060601] /usr/bin/ruby[0x80608b9] /usr/bin/ruby[0x806aaa5] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805e58a] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805e4aa] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805de52] /usr/bin/ruby[0x8060601] /usr/bin/ruby[0x80608b9] /usr/bin/ruby[0x806a869] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805e48b] /usr/bin/ruby[0x80693f1] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805de52] /usr/bin/ruby[0x806a0eb] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805e630] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805de52] /usr/bin/ruby[0x8060601] /usr/bin/ruby[0x80608b9] /usr/bin/ruby[0x806a869] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805e48b] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805de52] /usr/bin/ruby[0x806a0eb] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805e630] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805de52] /usr/bin/ruby[0x8060601] /usr/bin/ruby[0x80608b9] /usr/bin/ruby[0x806aaa5] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805e48b] /usr/bin/ruby[0x805de52] /usr/bin/ruby[0x8060601] ======= Memory map: ======== 00110000-00112000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 3805677 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/etc.so 00112000-00113000 r--p 00001000 08:06 3805677 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/etc.so 00113000-00114000 rw-p 00002000 08:06 3805677 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/etc.so 00114000-0012e000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 3805682 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/syck.so 0012e000-0012f000 r--p 00019000 08:06 3805682 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/syck.so 0012f000-00130000 rw-p 0001a000 08:06 3805682 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/syck.so 00130000-00131000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 3805666 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/fcntl.so 00131000-00132000 r--p 00000000 08:06 3805666 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/fcntl.so 00132000-00133000 rw-p 00001000 08:06 3805666 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/fcntl.so 00133000-00150000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 11403438 /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 00150000-00151000 r--p 0001c000 08:06 11403438 /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 00151000-00152000 rw-p 0001d000 08:06 11403438 /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 001e2000-00206000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 11403697 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libm-2.11.1.so 00206000-00207000 r--p 00023000 08:06 11403697 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libm-2.11.1.so 00207000-00208000 rw-p 00024000 08:06 11403697 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libm-2.11.1.so 0024d000-00256000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 11403688 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libcrypt-2.11.1.so 00256000-00257000 r--p 00008000 08:06 11403688 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libcrypt-2.11.1.so 00257000-00258000 rw-p 00009000 08:06 11403688 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libcrypt-2.11.1.so 00258000-0027f000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 0027f000-003d2000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 11403695 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc-2.11.1.so 003d2000-003d4000 r--p 00153000 08:06 11403695 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc-2.11.1.so 003d4000-003d5000 rw-p 00155000 08:06 11403695 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc-2.11.1.so 003d5000-003d8000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 0047e000-00488000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 3805680 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/socket.so 00488000-00489000 r--p 00009000 08:06 3805680 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/socket.so 00489000-0048a000 rw-p 0000a000 08:06 3805680 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/socket.so 004f2000-00507000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 11403690 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libpthread-2.11.1.so 00507000-00508000 r--p 00014000 08:06 11403690 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libpthread-2.11.1.so 00508000-00509000 rw-p 00015000 08:06 11403690 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libpthread-2.11.1.so 00509000-0050b000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 00524000-00525000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0 [vdso] 00544000-00557000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 11403553 /lib/libz.so.1.2.3.3 00557000-00558000 r--p 00012000 08:06 11403553 /lib/libz.so.1.2.3.3 00558000-00559000 rw-p 00013000 08:06 11403553 /lib/libz.so.1.2.3.3 00639000-0063c000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 3805679 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/thread.so 0063c000-0063d000 r--p 00002000 08:06 3805679 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/thread.so 0063d000-0063e000 rw-p 00003000 08:06 3805679 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/thread.so 00649000-0064d000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 11403714 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_dns-2.11.1.so 0064d000-0064e000 r--p 00004000 08:06 11403714 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_dns-2.11.1.so 0064e000-0064f000 rw-p 00005000 08:06 11403714 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_dns-2.11.1.so 00663000-006a3000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 4329500 /usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/i686-linux/openssl.so 006a3000-006a4000 r--p 0003f000 08:06 4329500 /usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/i686-linux/openssl.so 006a4000-006a5000 rw-p 00040000 08:06 4329500 /usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/i686-linux/openssl.so 006a5000-006a6000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 0070d000-0070f000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 11403689 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libdl-2.11.1.so 0070f000-00710000 r--p 00001000 08:06 11403689 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libdl-2.11.1.so 00710000-00711000 rw-p 00002000 08:06 11403689 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libdl-2.11.1.so 00711000-0084b000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 11403909 /lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8 0084b000-00853000 r--p 00139000 08:06 11403909 /lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8 00853000-00861000 rw-p 00141000 08:06 11403909 /lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8 00861000-00864000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 00864000-00865000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 00865000-00966000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 00977000-00979000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 11403476 /lib/libnss_mdns4_minimal.so.2 00979000-0097a000 r--p 00001000 08:06 11403476 /lib/libnss_mdns4_minimal.so.2 0097a000-0097b000 rw-p 00002000 08:06 11403476 /lib/libnss_mdns4_minimal.so.2 009fa000-00a04000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 11403691 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_files-2.11.1.so 00a04000-00a05000 r--p 00009000 08:06 11403691 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_files-2.11.1.so 00a05000-00a06000 rw-p 0000a000 08:06 11403691 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_files-2.11.1.so 00ac0000-00ac4000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 3805670 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/stringio.so 00ac4000-00ac5000 r--p 00003000 08:06 3805670 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/stringio.so 00ac5000-00ac6000 rw-p 00004000 08:06 3805670 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/stringio.so 00af3000-00b0e000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 11403607 /lib/ld-2.11.1.so 00b0e000-00b0f000 r--p 0001a000 08:06 11403607 /lib/ld-2.11.1.so 00b0f000-00b10000 rw-p 0001b000 08:06 11403607 /lib/ld-2.11.1.so 00c35000-00c45000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 11403692 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libresolv-2.11.1.so 00c45000-00c46000 r--p 00010000 08:06 11403692 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libresolv-2.11.1.so 00c46000-00c47000 rw-p 00011000 08:06 11403692 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libresolv-2.11.1.so 00c47000-00c49000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 00d51000-00d59000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 4329502 /usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/i686-linux/zlib.so 00d59000-00d5a000 r--p 00007000 08:06 4329502 /usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/i686-linux/zlib.so 00d5a000-00d5b000 rw-p 00008000 08:06 4329502 /usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/i686-linux/zlib.so 00d60000-00d61000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 3805664 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/rational.so 00d61000-00d62000 r--p 00000000 08:06 3805664 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/rational.so 00d62000-00d63000 rw-p 00001000 08:06 3805664 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/rational.so 00de6000-00de9000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 3805691 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/digest.so 00de9000-00dea000 r--p 00002000 08:06 3805691 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/digest.so 00dea000-00deb000 rw-p 00003000 08:06 3805691 /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux/digest.so 00e63000-00e6a000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 11403700 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/librt-2.11.1.so 00e6a000-00e6b000 r--p 00006000 08:06 11403700 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/librt-2.11.1.so 00e6b000-00e6c000 rw-p 00007000 08:06 11403700 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/librt-2.11.1.so 00f70000-00fb4000 r-xp 00000000 08:06 11403907 /lib/libssl.so.0.9.8Aborted

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FreeBSD 8.1 unstable network connection

- by frankcheong

I have three FreeBSD 8.1 running on three different hardware and therefore consist of different network adapter as well (bce, bge and igb). I found that the network connection is kind of unstable which I have tried to scp some 10MB file and found that I cannot always get the files completed successfully. I have further checked with my network admin and he claim that the problem is being caused by the network driver which cannot support the load whereby he tried to ping using huge packet size (around 15k) and my server will drop packet consistently at a regular interval. I found that this statement may not be valid since the three server is using three different network drive and it would be quite impossible that the same problem is being caused by three different network adapter and thus different network driver. Since then I have tried to tune up the performance by playing around with the /etc/sysctl.conf figures with no luck. kern.ipc.somaxconn=1024 kern.ipc.shmall=3276800 kern.ipc.shmmax=1638400000 # Security net.inet.ip.redirect=0 net.inet.ip.sourceroute=0 net.inet.ip.accept_sourceroute=0 net.inet.icmp.maskrepl=0 net.inet.icmp.log_redirect=0 net.inet.icmp.drop_redirect=1 net.inet.tcp.drop_synfin=1 # Security net.inet.udp.blackhole=1 net.inet.tcp.blackhole=2 # Required by pf net.inet.ip.forwarding=1 #Network Performance Tuning kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=16777216 net.inet.tcp.rfc1323=1 net.inet.tcp.sendbuf_max=16777216 net.inet.tcp.recvbuf_max=16777216 # Setting specifically for 1 or even 10Gbps network net.local.stream.sendspace=262144 net.local.stream.recvspace=262144 net.inet.tcp.local_slowstart_flightsize=10 net.inet.tcp.nolocaltimewait=1 net.inet.tcp.mssdflt=1460 net.inet.tcp.sendbuf_auto=1 net.inet.tcp.sendbuf_inc=16384 net.inet.tcp.recvbuf_auto=1 net.inet.tcp.recvbuf_inc=524288 net.inet.tcp.sendspace=262144 net.inet.tcp.recvspace=262144 net.inet.udp.recvspace=262144 kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=16777216 kern.ipc.nmbclusters=32768 net.inet.tcp.delayed_ack=1 net.inet.tcp.delacktime=100 net.inet.tcp.slowstart_flightsize=179 net.inet.tcp.inflight.enable=1 net.inet.tcp.inflight.min=6144 # Reduce the cache size of slow start connection net.inet.tcp.hostcache.expire=1 Our network admin also claim that they see quite a lot of network up and down from their cisco switch log while I cannot find any up down message inside the dmesg. Have further checked the netstat -s but dont have concrete idea. tcp: 133695291 packets sent 39408539 data packets (3358837321 bytes) 61868 data packets (89472844 bytes) retransmitted 24 data packets unnecessarily retransmitted 0 resends initiated by MTU discovery 50756141 ack-only packets (2148 delayed) 0 URG only packets 0 window probe packets 4372385 window update packets 39781869 control packets 134898031 packets received 72339403 acks (for 3357601899 bytes) 190712 duplicate acks 0 acks for unsent data 59339201 packets (3647021974 bytes) received in-sequence 114 completely duplicate packets (135202 bytes) 27 old duplicate packets 0 packets with some dup. data (0 bytes duped) 42090 out-of-order packets (60817889 bytes) 0 packets (0 bytes) of data after window 0 window probes 3953896 window update packets 64181 packets received after close 0 discarded for bad checksums 0 discarded for bad header offset fields 0 discarded because packet too short 45192 discarded due to memory problems 19945391 connection requests 1323420 connection accepts 0 bad connection attempts 0 listen queue overflows 0 ignored RSTs in the windows 21133581 connections established (including accepts) 21268724 connections closed (including 32737 drops) 207874 connections updated cached RTT on close 207874 connections updated cached RTT variance on close 132439 connections updated cached ssthresh on close 42392 embryonic connections dropped 72339338 segments updated rtt (of 69477829 attempts) 390871 retransmit timeouts 0 connections dropped by rexmit timeout 0 persist timeouts 0 connections dropped by persist timeout 0 Connections (fin_wait_2) dropped because of timeout 13990 keepalive timeouts 2 keepalive probes sent 13988 connections dropped by keepalive 173044 correct ACK header predictions 36947371 correct data packet header predictions 1323420 syncache entries added 0 retransmitted 0 dupsyn 0 dropped 1323420 completed 0 bucket overflow 0 cache overflow 0 reset 0 stale 0 aborted 0 badack 0 unreach 0 zone failures 1323420 cookies sent 0 cookies received 1864 SACK recovery episodes 18005 segment rexmits in SACK recovery episodes 26066896 byte rexmits in SACK recovery episodes 147327 SACK options (SACK blocks) received 87473 SACK options (SACK blocks) sent 0 SACK scoreboard overflow 0 packets with ECN CE bit set 0 packets with ECN ECT(0) bit set 0 packets with ECN ECT(1) bit set 0 successful ECN handshakes 0 times ECN reduced the congestion window udp: 5141258 datagrams received 0 with incomplete header 0 with bad data length field 0 with bad checksum 1 with no checksum 0 dropped due to no socket 129616 broadcast/multicast datagrams undelivered 0 dropped due to full socket buffers 0 not for hashed pcb 5011642 delivered 5016050 datagrams output 0 times multicast source filter matched sctp: 0 input packets 0 datagrams 0 packets that had data 0 input SACK chunks 0 input DATA chunks 0 duplicate DATA chunks 0 input HB chunks 0 HB-ACK chunks 0 input ECNE chunks 0 input AUTH chunks 0 chunks missing AUTH 0 invalid HMAC ids received 0 invalid secret ids received 0 auth failed 0 fast path receives all one chunk 0 fast path multi-part data 0 output packets 0 output SACKs 0 output DATA chunks 0 retransmitted DATA chunks 0 fast retransmitted DATA chunks 0 FR's that happened more than once to same chunk 0 intput HB chunks 0 output ECNE chunks 0 output AUTH chunks 0 ip_output error counter Packet drop statistics: 0 from middle box 0 from end host 0 with data 0 non-data, non-endhost 0 non-endhost, bandwidth rep only 0 not enough for chunk header 0 not enough data to confirm 0 where process_chunk_drop said break 0 failed to find TSN 0 attempt reverse TSN lookup 0 e-host confirms zero-rwnd 0 midbox confirms no space 0 data did not match TSN 0 TSN's marked for Fast Retran Timeouts: 0 iterator timers fired 0 T3 data time outs 0 window probe (T3) timers fired 0 INIT timers fired 0 sack timers fired 0 shutdown timers fired 0 heartbeat timers fired 0 a cookie timeout fired 0 an endpoint changed its cookiesecret 0 PMTU timers fired 0 shutdown ack timers fired 0 shutdown guard timers fired 0 stream reset timers fired 0 early FR timers fired 0 an asconf timer fired 0 auto close timer fired 0 asoc free timers expired 0 inp free timers expired 0 packet shorter than header 0 checksum error 0 no endpoint for port 0 bad v-tag 0 bad SID 0 no memory 0 number of multiple FR in a RTT window 0 RFC813 allowed sending 0 RFC813 does not allow sending 0 times max burst prohibited sending 0 look ahead tells us no memory in interface 0 numbers of window probes sent 0 times an output error to clamp down on next user send 0 times sctp_senderrors were caused from a user 0 number of in data drops due to chunk limit reached 0 number of in data drops due to rwnd limit reached 0 times a ECN reduced the cwnd 0 used express lookup via vtag 0 collision in express lookup 0 times the sender ran dry of user data on primary 0 same for above 0 sacks the slow way 0 window update only sacks sent 0 sends with sinfo_flags !=0 0 unordered sends 0 sends with EOF flag set 0 sends with ABORT flag set 0 times protocol drain called 0 times we did a protocol drain 0 times recv was called with peek 0 cached chunks used 0 cached stream oq's used 0 unread messages abandonded by close 0 send burst avoidance, already max burst inflight to net 0 send cwnd full avoidance, already max burst inflight to net 0 number of map array over-runs via fwd-tsn's ip: 137814085 total packets received 0 bad header checksums 0 with size smaller than minimum 0 with data size < data length 0 with ip length > max ip packet size 0 with header length < data size 0 with data length < header length 0 with bad options 0 with incorrect version number 1200 fragments received 0 fragments dropped (dup or out of space) 0 fragments dropped after timeout 300 packets reassembled ok 137813009 packets for this host 530 packets for unknown/unsupported protocol 0 packets forwarded (0 packets fast forwarded) 61 packets not forwardable 0 packets received for unknown multicast group 0 redirects sent 137234598 packets sent from this host 0 packets sent with fabricated ip header 685307 output packets dropped due to no bufs, etc. 52 output packets discarded due to no route 300 output datagrams fragmented 1200 fragments created 0 datagrams that can't be fragmented 0 tunneling packets that can't find gif 0 datagrams with bad address in header icmp: 0 calls to icmp_error 0 errors not generated in response to an icmp message Output histogram: echo reply: 305 0 messages with bad code fields 0 messages less than the minimum length 0 messages with bad checksum 0 messages with bad length 0 multicast echo requests ignored 0 multicast timestamp requests ignored Input histogram: destination unreachable: 530 echo: 305 305 message responses generated 0 invalid return addresses 0 no return routes ICMP address mask responses are disabled igmp: 0 messages received 0 messages received with too few bytes 0 messages received with wrong TTL 0 messages received with bad checksum 0 V1/V2 membership queries received 0 V3 membership queries received 0 membership queries received with invalid field(s) 0 general queries received 0 group queries received 0 group-source queries received 0 group-source queries dropped 0 membership reports received 0 membership reports received with invalid field(s) 0 membership reports received for groups to which we belong 0 V3 reports received without Router Alert 0 membership reports sent arp: 376748 ARP requests sent 3207 ARP replies sent 245245 ARP requests received 80845 ARP replies received 326090 ARP packets received 267712 total packets dropped due to no ARP entry 108876 ARP entrys timed out 0 Duplicate IPs seen ip6: 2226633 total packets received 0 with size smaller than minimum 0 with data size < data length 0 with bad options 0 with incorrect version number 0 fragments received 0 fragments dropped (dup or out of space) 0 fragments dropped after timeout 0 fragments that exceeded limit 0 packets reassembled ok 2226633 packets for this host 0 packets forwarded 0 packets not forwardable 0 redirects sent 2226633 packets sent from this host 0 packets sent with fabricated ip header 0 output packets dropped due to no bufs, etc. 8 output packets discarded due to no route 0 output datagrams fragmented 0 fragments created 0 datagrams that can't be fragmented 0 packets that violated scope rules 0 multicast packets which we don't join Input histogram: UDP: 2226633 Mbuf statistics: 962679 one mbuf 1263954 one ext mbuf 0 two or more ext mbuf 0 packets whose headers are not continuous 0 tunneling packets that can't find gif 0 packets discarded because of too many headers 0 failures of source address selection Source addresses selection rule applied: icmp6: 0 calls to icmp6_error 0 errors not generated in response to an icmp6 message 0 errors not generated because of rate limitation 0 messages with bad code fields 0 messages < minimum length 0 bad checksums 0 messages with bad length Histogram of error messages to be generated: 0 no route 0 administratively prohibited 0 beyond scope 0 address unreachable 0 port unreachable 0 packet too big 0 time exceed transit 0 time exceed reassembly 0 erroneous header field 0 unrecognized next header 0 unrecognized option 0 redirect 0 unknown 0 message responses generated 0 messages with too many ND options 0 messages with bad ND options 0 bad neighbor solicitation messages 0 bad neighbor advertisement messages 0 bad router solicitation messages 0 bad router advertisement messages 0 bad redirect messages 0 path MTU changes rip6: 0 messages received 0 checksum calculations on inbound 0 messages with bad checksum 0 messages dropped due to no socket 0 multicast messages dropped due to no socket 0 messages dropped due to full socket buffers 0 delivered 0 datagrams output netstat -m 516/5124/5640 mbufs in use (current/cache/total) 512/1634/2146/32768 mbuf clusters in use (current/cache/total/max) 512/1536 mbuf+clusters out of packet secondary zone in use (current/cache) 0/1303/1303/12800 4k (page size) jumbo clusters in use (current/cache/total/max) 0/0/0/6400 9k jumbo clusters in use (current/cache/total/max) 0/0/0/3200 16k jumbo clusters in use (current/cache/total/max) 1153K/9761K/10914K bytes allocated to network (current/cache/total) 0/0/0 requests for mbufs denied (mbufs/clusters/mbuf+clusters) 0/0/0 requests for jumbo clusters denied (4k/9k/16k) 0/8/6656 sfbufs in use (current/peak/max) 0 requests for sfbufs denied 0 requests for sfbufs delayed 0 requests for I/O initiated by sendfile 0 calls to protocol drain routines Anyone got an idea what might be the possible cause?

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When spliting MP4s with ffmpeg how do I include metadata?

- by Josh

I have a few MP4s that i want to upload to my flickr account but they have a maximum size of 500mb as mine is only about 550 i was planing to simply split them in half then upload them, but i want to make sure all the meta data is included but it does not seem to be. I have tried each of the following with no luck, (at the end of this post i have the original and the new ffprobe outputs): ffmpeg -ss 00:00:00.00 -t 00:04:19.35 -i SANY0069.MP4 -acodec copy -vcodec copy -map_metadata 0:0 SANY0069A.MP4 ffmpeg -ss 00:00:00.00 -t 00:04:19.35 -i SANY0069.MP4 -acodec copy -vcodec copy -map_meta_data SANY0069.MP4:SANY0069A.MP4 SANY0069A.MP4 with the this one I manually produced the individual meta tags that i took from this command ffmpeg -i SANY0069A.MP4 -f ffmetadata meta.txt ffmpeg -ss 00:00:00.00 -t 00:04:19.35 -i SANY0069.MP4 -acodec copy -vcodec copy -metadata major_brand="mp42" -metadata minor_version="1" -metadata compatible_brands="mp42avc1" -metadata creation_time="2012-09-29 09:05:50" -metadata comment="SANYO DIGITAL CAMERA CA9" -metadata comment-eng="SANYO DIGITAL CAMERA CA9" SANY0069A.MP4 using the output of the former command i also tried this: ffmpeg -ss 00:00:00.00 -t 00:04:19.35 -i SANY0069.MP4 -acodec copy -vcodec copy -f ffmetadata -i meta.txt SANY0069A.MP4 Output: sample output from my first command: ffmpeg -ss 00:00:00.00 -t 00:04:19.35 -i SANY0069.MP4 -acodec copy -vcodec copy -map_metadata 0:0 SANY0069A.MP4 ffmpeg version 0.8.12, Copyright (c) 2000-2011 the FFmpeg developers built on Jun 13 2012 09:57:38 with gcc 4.6.3 20120306 (Red Hat 4.6.3-2) configuration: --prefix=/usr --bindir=/usr/bin --datadir=/usr/share/ffmpeg --incdir=/usr/include/ffmpeg --libdir=/usr/lib64 --mandir=/usr/share/man --arch=x86_64 --extra-cflags='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic' --enable-bzlib --enable-libcelt --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdirac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-librtmp --enable-libschroedinger --enable-libspeex --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --enable-x11grab --enable-avfilter --enable-postproc --enable-pthreads --disable-static --enable-shared --enable-gpl --disable-debug --disable-stripping --shlibdir=/usr/lib64 --enable-runtime-cpudetect libavutil 51. 9. 1 / 51. 9. 1 libavcodec 53. 8. 0 / 53. 8. 0 libavformat 53. 5. 0 / 53. 5. 0 libavdevice 53. 1. 1 / 53. 1. 1 libavfilter 2. 23. 0 / 2. 23. 0 libswscale 2. 0. 0 / 2. 0. 0 libpostproc 51. 2. 0 / 51. 2. 0 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'SANY0069.MP4': Metadata: major_brand : mp42 minor_version : 1 compatible_brands: mp42avc1 creation_time : 2012-09-29 09:05:50 comment : SANYO DIGITAL CAMERA CA9 comment-eng : SANYO DIGITAL CAMERA CA9 Duration: 00:08:38.71, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 9142 kb/s Stream #0.0(eng): Video: h264 (Constrained Baseline), yuv420p, 1280x720 [PAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 9007 kb/s, 29.97 fps, 29.97 tbr, 30k tbn, 59.94 tbc Metadata: creation_time : 2012-09-29 09:05:50 Stream #0.1(eng): Audio: aac, 48000 Hz, stereo, s16, 127 kb/s Metadata: creation_time : 2012-09-29 09:05:50 File 'SANY0069A.MP4' already exists. Overwrite ? [y/N] y Output #0, mp4, to 'SANY0069A.MP4': Metadata: major_brand : mp42 minor_version : 1 compatible_brands: mp42avc1 creation_time : 2012-09-29 09:05:50 comment : SANYO DIGITAL CAMERA CA9 comment-eng : SANYO DIGITAL CAMERA CA9 encoder : Lavf53.5.0 Stream #0.0(eng): Video: libx264, yuv420p, 1280x720 [PAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 9007 kb/s, 30k tbn, 29.97 tbc Metadata: creation_time : 2012-09-29 09:05:50 Stream #0.1(eng): Audio: aac, 48000 Hz, stereo, 127 kb/s Metadata: creation_time : 2012-09-29 09:05:50 Stream mapping: Stream #0.0 -> #0.0 Stream #0.1 -> #0.1 Press [q] to stop, [?] for help frame= 7773 fps=4644 q=-1.0 Lsize= 289607kB time=00:04:19.35 bitrate=9147.4kbits/s video:285416kB audio:4033kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead 0.054571% and finaly, when i compare the ffprobe of the original and the first split part i get the 2 following outputs: original ffprobe version 0.8.12, Copyright (c) 2007-2011 the FFmpeg developers built on Jun 13 2012 09:57:38 with gcc 4.6.3 20120306 (Red Hat 4.6.3-2) configuration: --prefix=/usr --bindir=/usr/bin --datadir=/usr/share/ffmpeg --incdir=/usr/include/ffmpeg --libdir=/usr/lib64 --mandir=/usr/share/man --arch=x86_64 --extra-cflags='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic' --enable-bzlib --enable-libcelt --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdirac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-librtmp --enable-libschroedinger --enable-libspeex --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --enable-x11grab --enable-avfilter --enable-postproc --enable-pthreads --disable-static --enable-shared --enable-gpl --disable-debug --disable-stripping --shlibdir=/usr/lib64 --enable-runtime-cpudetect libavutil 51. 9. 1 / 51. 9. 1 libavcodec 53. 8. 0 / 53. 8. 0 libavformat 53. 5. 0 / 53. 5. 0 libavdevice 53. 1. 1 / 53. 1. 1 libavfilter 2. 23. 0 / 2. 23. 0 libswscale 2. 0. 0 / 2. 0. 0 libpostproc 51. 2. 0 / 51. 2. 0 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'SANY0069.MP4': Metadata: major_brand : mp42 minor_version : 1 compatible_brands: mp42avc1 creation_time : 2012-09-29 09:05:50 comment : SANYO DIGITAL CAMERA CA9 comment-eng : SANYO DIGITAL CAMERA CA9 Duration: 00:08:38.71, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 9142 kb/s Stream #0.0(eng): Video: h264 (Constrained Baseline), yuv420p, 1280x720 [PAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 9007 kb/s, 29.97 fps, 29.97 tbr, 30k tbn, 59.94 tbc Metadata: creation_time : 2012-09-29 09:05:50 Stream #0.1(eng): Audio: aac, 48000 Hz, stereo, s16, 127 kb/s Metadata: creation_time : 2012-09-29 09:05:50 Split ffprobe version 0.8.12, Copyright (c) 2007-2011 the FFmpeg developers built on Jun 13 2012 09:57:38 with gcc 4.6.3 20120306 (Red Hat 4.6.3-2) configuration: --prefix=/usr --bindir=/usr/bin --datadir=/usr/share/ffmpeg --incdir=/usr/include/ffmpeg --libdir=/usr/lib64 --mandir=/usr/share/man --arch=x86_64 --extra-cflags='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic' --enable-bzlib --enable-libcelt --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdirac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-librtmp --enable-libschroedinger --enable-libspeex --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --enable-x11grab --enable-avfilter --enable-postproc --enable-pthreads --disable-static --enable-shared --enable-gpl --disable-debug --disable-stripping --shlibdir=/usr/lib64 --enable-runtime-cpudetect libavutil 51. 9. 1 / 51. 9. 1 libavcodec 53. 8. 0 / 53. 8. 0 libavformat 53. 5. 0 / 53. 5. 0 libavdevice 53. 1. 1 / 53. 1. 1 libavfilter 2. 23. 0 / 2. 23. 0 libswscale 2. 0. 0 / 2. 0. 0 libpostproc 51. 2. 0 / 51. 2. 0 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'SANY0069A.MP4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 creation_time : 1970-01-01 00:00:00 encoder : Lavf53.5.0 comment : SANYO DIGITAL CAMERA CA9 Duration: 00:04:19.37, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 9146 kb/s Stream #0.0(eng): Video: h264 (Constrained Baseline), yuv420p, 1280x720 [PAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 9015 kb/s, 29.97 fps, 29.97 tbr, 30k tbn, 59.94 tbc Metadata: creation_time : 1970-01-01 00:00:00 Stream #0.1(eng): Audio: aac, 48000 Hz, stereo, s16, 127 kb/s Metadata: creation_time : 1970-01-01 00:00:00 I know this is incredibly long but its actually a quite simple question. I thought it would be best to provide as much detail as possible. any advice here would be great, Thanks

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Scripts help FIND command via atime output to multiple files

- by sswagner

here is a script I have wrote that I need help with. in the script I do a find for any file that has not been access for over 30 days, 60, 90, 180, 270 & 365 days. This works just fine. however, this takes a few days just to finish the 30 day portion. it is scanning a NAS. (millions and millions of files) as you see, the 30 day information really holds all the data need for the rest of the scripts. the 60, 90, etc. portion of the script are just redoing the same effort as the 30 day portion, except for an extended time frame. it would save in this case weeks worth of re-scanning if some how the 60, 90 180, etc.. portions could just get its data from the 30 day output. this is where I am asking for help. the output is just like an ls -l command. and you can also see from the output below, there are multiple years in this output. the script is attached and printed below. total 24 -rw-r--r-- 1 root bin 60 Apr 12 13:07 config_file -rw-r--r-- 1 root bin 9 Apr 12 13:07 config_file.InProgress -rw-r--r-- 1 root bin 0 Apr 12 13:07 config_file.sids -rw-r--r-- 1 root bin 1284 Apr 19 10:41 rpt_file -rw-r--r-- 1 16074 5003 20083 Apr 26 2002 /nas/quota/slot_2/CR_APP002/eb_ora_bin1/sun8/product/9.2s/oem_webstage/oracle/sysman/qtour/console/dat1_01.gif -rw-r--r-- 1 16074 5003 20088 Apr 26 2002 /nas/quota/slot_2/CR_APP002/eb_ora_bin1/sun8/product/9.2s/oem_webstage/oracle/sysman/qtour/console/set1_04.gif -rw-r--r-- 1 16074 5003 2008 Apr 26 2002 /nas/quota/slot_2/CR_APP002/eb_ora_bin1/sun8/product/9.2s/oem_webstage/oracle/sysman/qtour/oapps/get2_03.htm -rw-r--r-- 1 16074 5003 20083 Apr 26 2002 /nas/quota/slot_2/CR_APP002/eb_ora_bin1/sun8/product/9.2s/oem_webstage/oracle/sysman/qtour/oapps/per1_01.gif any help is appreciated. these are linux distro boxes, so I am sure perl is on there too if needed.. Thanks! !/bin/ksh # search shares for files that have not been accessed for a certain time. NOTE: $IN = input search $OUT = output directory for text file # TESTS Numeric arguments can be specified as # +n for greater than n, -n for less than n, n for exactly n. # -atime n File was last accessed n*24 hours ago. # # IN1=/nas/quota/slot_2/CR* IN2=/nas/quota/slot_3/CR* IN3=/nas/quota/slot_4/CR* IN4=/nas/quota/slot_5/CR* OUT=/nas/quota/slot_3/CR_PRJ144/steve mkdir ${OUT} for dir in ${IN1}; do find $dir -atime +30 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/30days.txt; done for dir in ${IN2}; do find $dir -atime +30 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/30days.txt; done for dir in ${IN3}; do find $dir -atime +30 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/30days.txt; done for dir in ${IN4}; do find $dir -atime +30 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/30days.txt; done for dir in ${IN1}; do find $dir -atime +60 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/60days.txt; done for dir in ${IN2}; do find $dir -atime +60 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/60days.txt; done for dir in ${IN3}; do find $dir -atime +60 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/60days.txt; done for dir in ${IN4}; do find $dir -atime +60 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/60days.txt; done for dir in ${IN1}; do find $dir -atime +90 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/90days.txt; done for dir in ${IN2}; do find $dir -atime +90 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/90days.txt; done for dir in ${IN3}; do find $dir -atime +90 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/90days.txt; done for dir in ${IN4}; do find $dir -atime +90 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/90days.txt; done for dir in ${IN1}; do find $dir -atime +180 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/180days.txt; done for dir in ${IN2}; do find $dir -atime +180 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/180days.txt; done for dir in ${IN3}; do find $dir -atime +180 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/180days.txt; done for dir in ${IN4}; do find $dir -atime +180 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/180days.txt; done for dir in ${IN1}; do find $dir -atime +270 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/270days.txt; done for dir in ${IN2}; do find $dir -atime +270 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/270days.txt; done for dir in ${IN3}; do find $dir -atime +270 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/270days.txt; done for dir in ${IN4}; do find $dir -atime +270 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/270days.txt; done for dir in ${IN1}; do find $dir -atime +365 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/365days.txt; done for dir in ${IN2}; do find $dir -atime +365 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/365days.txt; done for dir in ${IN3}; do find $dir -atime +365 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/365days.txt; done for dir in ${IN4}; do find $dir -atime +365 -exec ls -l '{}' \; ${OUT}/365days.txt; done

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Building applications with WPF, MVVM and Prism(aka CAG)

- by skjagini

In this article I am going to walk through an application using WPF and Prism (aka composite application guidance, CAG) which simulates engaging a taxi (cab). The rules are simple, the app would have3 screens A login screen to authenticate the user An information screen. A screen to engage the cab and roam around and calculating the total fare Metered Rate of Fare The meter is required to be engaged when a cab is occupied by anyone $3.00 upon entry $0.35 for each additional unit The unit fare is: one-fifth of a mile, when the cab is traveling at 6 miles an hour or more; or 60 seconds when not in motion or traveling at less than 12 miles per hour. Night surcharge of $.50 after 8:00 PM & before 6:00 AM Peak hour Weekday Surcharge of $1.00 Monday - Friday after 4:00 PM & before 8:00 PM New York State Tax Surcharge of $.50 per ride. Example: Friday (2010-10-08) 5:30pm Start at Lexington Ave & E 57th St End at Irving Pl & E 15th St Start = $3.00 Travels 2 miles at less than 6 mph for 15 minutes = $3.50 Travels at more than 12 mph for 5 minutes = $1.75 Peak hour Weekday Surcharge = $1.00 (ride started at 5:30 pm) New York State Tax Surcharge = $0.50 Before we dive into the app, I would like to give brief description about the framework. If you want to jump on to the source code, scroll all the way to the end of the post. MVVM MVVM pattern is in no way related to the usage of PRISM in your application and should be considered if you are using WPF irrespective of PRISM or not. Lets say you are not familiar with MVVM, your typical UI would involve adding some UI controls like text boxes, a button, double clicking on the button, generating event handler, calling a method from business layer and updating the user interface, it works most of the time for developing small scale applications. The problem with this approach is that there is some amount of code specific to business logic wrapped in UI specific code which is hard to unit test it, mock it and MVVM helps to solve the exact problem. MVVM stands for Model(M) – View(V) – ViewModel(VM), based on the interactions with in the three parties it should be called VVMM, MVVM sounds more like MVC (Model-View-Controller) so the name. Why it should be called VVMM: View – View Model - Model WPF allows to create user interfaces using XAML and MVVM takes it to the next level by allowing complete separation of user interface and business logic. In WPF each view will have a property, DataContext when set to an instance of a class (which happens to be your view model) provides the data the view is interested in, i.e., view interacts with view model and at the same time view model interacts with view through DataContext. Sujith, if view and view model are interacting directly with each other how does MVVM is helping me separation of concerns? Well, the catch is DataContext is of type Object, since it is of type object view doesn’t know exact type of view model allowing views and views models to be loosely coupled. View models aggregate data from models (data access layer, services, etc) and make it available for views through properties, methods etc, i.e., View Models interact with Models. PRISM Prism is provided by Microsoft Patterns and Practices team and it can be downloaded from codeplex for source code, samples and documentation on msdn. The name composite implies, to compose user interface from different modules (views) without direct dependencies on each other, again allowing loosely coupled development. Well Sujith, I can already do that with user controls, why shall I learn another framework? That’s correct, you can decouple using user controls, but you still have to manage some amount of coupling, like how to do you communicate between the controls, how do you subscribe/unsubscribe, loading/unloading views dynamically. Prism is not a replacement for user controls, provides the following features which greatly help in designing the composite applications. Dependency Injection (DI)/ Inversion of Control (IoC) Modules Regions Event Aggregator Commands Simply put, MVVM helps building a single view and Prism helps building an application using the views There are other open source alternatives to Prism, like MVVMLight, Cinch, take a look at them as well. Lets dig into the source code. 1. Solution The solution is made of the following projects Framework: Holds the common functionality in building applications using WPF and Prism TaxiClient: Start up project, boot strapping and app styling TaxiCommon: Helps with the business logic TaxiModules: Holds the meat of the application with views and view models TaxiTests: To test the application 2. DI / IoC Dependency Injection (DI) as the name implies refers to injecting dependencies and Inversion of Control (IoC) means the calling code has no direct control on the dependencies, opposite of normal way of programming where dependencies are passed by caller, i.e inversion; aside from some differences in terminology the concept is same in both the cases. The idea behind DI/IoC pattern is to reduce the amount of direct coupling between different components of the application, the higher the dependency the more tightly coupled the application resulting in code which is hard to modify, unit test and mock. Initializing Dependency Injection through BootStrapper TaxiClient is the starting project of the solution and App (App.xaml) is the starting class that gets called when you run the application. From the App’s OnStartup method we will invoke BootStrapper. namespace TaxiClient { /// <summary> /// Interaction logic for App.xaml /// </summary> public partial class App : Application { protected override void OnStartup(StartupEventArgs e) { base.OnStartup(e); (new BootStrapper()).Run(); } } } BootStrapper is your contact point for initializing the application including dependency injection, creating Shell and other frameworks. We are going to use Unity for DI and there are lot of open source DI frameworks like Spring.Net, StructureMap etc with different feature set and you can choose a framework based on your preferences. Note that Prism comes with in built support for Unity, for example we are deriving from UnityBootStrapper in our case and for any other DI framework you have to extend the Prism appropriately namespace TaxiClient { public class BootStrapper: UnityBootstrapper { protected override IModuleCatalog CreateModuleCatalog() { return new ConfigurationModuleCatalog(); } protected override DependencyObject CreateShell() { Framework.FrameworkBootStrapper.Run(Container, Application.Current.Dispatcher); Shell shell = new Shell(); shell.ResizeMode = ResizeMode.NoResize; shell.Show(); return shell; } } } Lets take a look into FrameworkBootStrapper to check out how to register with unity container. namespace Framework { public class FrameworkBootStrapper { public static void Run(IUnityContainer container, Dispatcher dispatcher) { UIDispatcher uiDispatcher = new UIDispatcher(dispatcher); container.RegisterInstance<IDispatcherService>(uiDispatcher); container.RegisterType<IInjectSingleViewService, InjectSingleViewService>( new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager()); . . . } } } In the above code we are registering two components with unity container. You shall observe that we are following two different approaches, RegisterInstance and RegisterType. With RegisterInstance we are registering an existing instance and the same instance will be returned for every request made for IDispatcherService and with RegisterType we are requesting unity container to create an instance for us when required, i.e., when I request for an instance for IInjectSingleViewService, unity will create/return an instance of InjectSingleViewService class and with RegisterType we can configure the life time of the instance being created. With ContaienrControllerLifetimeManager, the unity container caches the instance and reuses for any subsequent requests, without recreating a new instance. Lets take a look into FareViewModel.cs and it’s constructor. The constructor takes one parameter IEventAggregator and if you try to find all references in your solution for IEventAggregator, you will not find a single location where an instance of EventAggregator is passed directly to the constructor. The compiler still finds an instance and works fine because Prism is already configured when used with Unity container to return an instance of EventAggregator when requested for IEventAggregator and in this particular case it is called constructor injection. public class FareViewModel:ObservableBase, IDataErrorInfo { ... private IEventAggregator _eventAggregator; public FareViewModel(IEventAggregator eventAggregator) { _eventAggregator = eventAggregator; InitializePropertyNames(); InitializeModel(); PropertyChanged += OnPropertyChanged; } ... 3. Shell Shells are very similar in operation to Master Pages in asp.net or MDI in Windows Forms. And shells contain regions which display the views, you can have as many regions as you wish in a given view. You can also nest regions. i.e, one region can load a view which in itself may contain other regions. We have to create a shell at the start of the application and are doing it by overriding CreateShell method from BootStrapper From the following Shell.xaml you shall notice that we have two content controls with Region names as ‘MenuRegion’ and ‘MainRegion’. The idea here is that you can inject any user controls into the regions dynamically, i.e., a Menu User Control for MenuRegion and based on the user action you can load appropriate view into MainRegion. <Window x:Class="TaxiClient.Shell" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:Regions="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Practices.Prism.Regions;assembly=Microsoft.Practices.Prism" Title="Taxi" Height="370" Width="800"> <Grid Margin="2"> <ContentControl Regions:RegionManager.RegionName="MenuRegion" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" HorizontalContentAlignment="Stretch" VerticalContentAlignment="Stretch" /> <ContentControl Grid.Row="1" Regions:RegionManager.RegionName="MainRegion" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" HorizontalContentAlignment="Stretch" VerticalContentAlignment="Stretch" />  </Grid> </Window> 4. Modules Prism provides the ability to build composite applications and modules play an important role in it. For example if you are building a Mortgage Loan Processor application with 3 components, i.e. customer’s credit history, existing mortgages, new home/loan information; and consider that the customer’s credit history component involves gathering data about his/her address, background information, job details etc. The idea here using Prism modules is to separate the implementation of these 3 components into their own visual studio projects allowing to build components with no dependency on each other and independently. If we need to add another component to the application, the component can be developed by in house team or some other team in the organization by starting with a new Visual Studio project and adding to the solution at the run time with very little knowledge about the application. Prism modules are defined by implementing the IModule interface and each visual studio project to be considered as a module should implement the IModule interface. From the BootStrapper.cs you shall observe that we are overriding the method by returning a ConfiguratingModuleCatalog which returns the modules that are registered for the application using the app.config file and you can also add module using code. Lets take a look into configuration file. <?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <configSections> <section name="modules" type="Microsoft.Practices.Prism.Modularity.ModulesConfigurationSection, Microsoft.Practices.Prism"/> </configSections> <modules> <module assemblyFile="TaxiModules.dll" moduleType="TaxiModules.ModuleInitializer, TaxiModules" moduleName="TaxiModules"/> </modules> </configuration> Here we are adding TaxiModules project to our solution and TaxiModules.ModuleInitializer implements IModule interface 5. Module Mapper With Prism modules you can dynamically add or remove modules from the regions, apart from that Prism also provides API to control adding/removing the views from a region within the same module. Taxi Information Screen: Engage the Taxi Screen: The sample application has two screens, ‘Taxi Information’ and ‘Engage the Taxi’ and they both reside in same module, TaxiModules. ‘Engage the Taxi’ is again made of two user controls, FareView on the left and TotalView on the right. We have created a Shell with two regions, MenuRegion and MainRegion with menu loaded into MenuRegion. We can create a wrapper user control called EngageTheTaxi made of FareView and TotalView and load either TaxiInfo or EngageTheTaxi into MainRegion based on the user action. Though it will work it tightly binds the user controls and for every combination of user controls, we need to create a dummy wrapper control to contain them. Instead we can apply the principles we learned so far from Shell/regions and introduce another template (LeftAndRightRegionView.xaml) made of two regions Region1 (left) and Region2 (right) and load FareView and TotalView dynamically. To help with loading of the views dynamically I have introduce an helper an interface, IInjectSingleViewService, idea suggested by Mike Taulty, a must read blog for .Net developers. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; namespace Framework.PresentationUtility.Navigation { public interface IInjectSingleViewService : INotifyPropertyChanged { IEnumerable<CommandViewDefinition> Commands { get; } IEnumerable<ModuleViewDefinition> Modules { get; } void RegisterViewForRegion(string commandName, string viewName, string regionName, Type viewType); void ClearViewFromRegion(string viewName, string regionName); void RegisterModule(string moduleName, IList<ModuleMapper> moduleMappers); } } The Interface declares three methods to work with views: RegisterViewForRegion: Registers a view with a particular region. You can register multiple views and their regions under one command. When this particular command is invoked all the views registered under it will be loaded into their regions. ClearViewFromRegion: To unload a specific view from a region. RegisterModule: The idea is when a command is invoked you can load the UI with set of controls in their default position and based on the user interaction, you can load different contols in to different regions on the fly. And it is supported ModuleViewDefinition and ModuleMappers as shown below. namespace Framework.PresentationUtility.Navigation { public class ModuleViewDefinition { public string ModuleName { get; set; } public IList<ModuleMapper> ModuleMappers; public ICommand Command { get; set; } } public class ModuleMapper { public string ViewName { get; set; } public string RegionName { get; set; } public Type ViewType { get; set; } } } 6. Event Aggregator Prism event aggregator enables messaging between components as in Observable pattern, Notifier notifies the Observer which receives notification it is interested in. When it comes to Observable pattern, Observer has to unsubscribes for notifications when it no longer interested in notifications, which allows the Notifier to remove the Observer’s reference from it’s local cache. Though .Net has managed garbage collection it cannot remove inactive the instances referenced by an active instance resulting in memory leak, keeping the Observers in memory as long as Notifier stays in memory. Developers have to be very careful to unsubscribe when necessary and it often gets overlooked, to overcome these problems Prism Event Aggregator uses weak references to cache the reference (Observer in this case) and releases the reference (memory) once the instance goes out of scope. Using event aggregator is very simple, declare a generic type of CompositePresenationEvent by inheriting from it. using Microsoft.Practices.Prism.Events; using TaxiCommon.BAO; namespace TaxiCommon.CompositeEvents { public class TaxiOnMoveEvent:CompositePresentationEvent<TaxiOnMove> { } } TaxiOnMove.cs includes the properties which we want to exchange between the parties, FareView and TotalView. using System; namespace TaxiCommon.BAO { public class TaxiOnMove { public TimeSpan MinutesAtTweleveMPH { get; set; } public double MilesAtSixMPH { get; set; } } } Lets take a look into FareViewodel (Notifier) and how it raises the event. Here we are raising the event by getting the event through GetEvent<..>() and publishing it with the payload private void OnAddMinutes(object obj) { TaxiOnMove payload = new TaxiOnMove(); if(MilesAtSixMPH != null) payload.MilesAtSixMPH = MilesAtSixMPH.Value; if(MinutesAtTweleveMPH != null) payload.MinutesAtTweleveMPH = new TimeSpan(0,0,MinutesAtTweleveMPH.Value,0); _eventAggregator.GetEvent<TaxiOnMoveEvent>().Publish(payload); ResetMinutesAndMiles(); } And TotalViewModel(Observer) subscribes to notifications by getting the event through GetEvent<..>() namespace TaxiModules.ViewModels { public class TotalViewModel:ObservableBase { .... private IEventAggregator _eventAggregator; public TotalViewModel(IEventAggregator eventAggregator) { _eventAggregator = eventAggregator; ... } private void SubscribeToEvents() { _eventAggregator.GetEvent<TaxiStartedEvent>() .Subscribe(OnTaxiStarted, ThreadOption.UIThread,false,(filter) => true); _eventAggregator.GetEvent<TaxiOnMoveEvent>() .Subscribe(OnTaxiMove, ThreadOption.UIThread, false, (filter) => true); _eventAggregator.GetEvent<TaxiResetEvent>() .Subscribe(OnTaxiReset, ThreadOption.UIThread, false, (filter) => true); } ... private void OnTaxiMove(TaxiOnMove taxiOnMove) { OnMoveFare fare = new OnMoveFare(taxiOnMove); Fares.Add(fare); SetTotalFare(new []{fare}); } .... 7. MVVM through example In this section we are going to look into MVVM implementation through example. I have all the modules declared in a single project, TaxiModules, again it is not necessary to have them into one project. Once the user logs into the application, will be greeted with the ‘Engage the Taxi’ screen which is made of two user controls, FareView.xaml and TotalView.Xaml. As you can see from the solution explorer, each of them have their own code behind files and ViewModel classes, FareViewMode.cs, TotalViewModel.cs Lets take a look in to the FareView and how it interacts with FareViewModel using MVVM implementation. FareView.xaml acts as a view and FareViewMode.cs is it’s view model. The FareView code behind class namespace TaxiModules.Views { /// <summary> /// Interaction logic for FareView.xaml /// </summary> public partial class FareView : UserControl { public FareView(FareViewModel viewModel) { InitializeComponent(); this.Loaded += (s, e) => { this.DataContext = viewModel; }; } } } The FareView is bound to FareViewModel through the data context and you shall observe that DataContext is of type Object, i.e. the FareView doesn’t really know the type of ViewModel (FareViewModel). This helps separation of View and ViewModel as View and ViewModel are independent of each other, you can bind FareView to FareViewModel2 as well and the application compiles just fine. Lets take a look into FareView xaml file <UserControl x:Class="TaxiModules.Views.FareView" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:Toolkit="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Windows.Controls;assembly=WPFToolkit" xmlns:Commands="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Practices.Prism.Commands;assembly=Microsoft.Practices.Prism"> <Grid Margin="10" > .... <Border Style="{DynamicResource innerBorder}" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" Grid.RowSpan="11" Grid.ColumnSpan="2" Panel.ZIndex="1"/> <Label Grid.Row="0" Content="Engage the Taxi" Style="{DynamicResource innerHeader}"/> <Label Grid.Row="1" Content="Select the State"/> <ComboBox Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" ItemsSource="{Binding States}" Height="auto"> <ComboBox.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate> <TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}"/> </DataTemplate> </ComboBox.ItemTemplate> <ComboBox.SelectedItem> <Binding Path="SelectedState" Mode="TwoWay"/> </ComboBox.SelectedItem> </ComboBox> <Label Grid.Row="2" Content="Select the Date of Entry"/> <Toolkit:DatePicker Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="1" SelectedDate="{Binding DateOfEntry, ValidatesOnDataErrors=true}" /> <Label Grid.Row="3" Content="Enter time 24hr format"/> <TextBox Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding TimeOfEntry, TargetNullValue=''}"/> <Button Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="1" Content="Start the Meter" Commands:Click.Command="{Binding StartMeterCommand}" /> <Label Grid.Row="5" Content="Run the Taxi" Style="{DynamicResource innerHeader}"/> <Label Grid.Row="6" Content="Number of Miles <@6mph"/> <TextBox Grid.Row="6" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding MilesAtSixMPH, TargetNullValue='', ValidatesOnDataErrors=true}"/> <Label Grid.Row="7" Content="Number of Minutes @12mph"/> <TextBox Grid.Row="7" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding MinutesAtTweleveMPH, TargetNullValue=''}"/> <Button Grid.Row="8" Grid.Column="1" Content="Add Minutes and Miles " Commands:Click.Command="{Binding AddMinutesCommand}"/> <Label Grid.Row="9" Content="Other Operations" Style="{DynamicResource innerHeader}"/> <Button Grid.Row="10" Grid.Column="1" Content="Reset the Meter" Commands:Click.Command="{Binding ResetCommand}"/> </Grid> </UserControl> The highlighted code from the above code shows data binding, for example ComboBox which displays list of states has it’s ItemsSource bound to States property, with DataTemplate bound to Name and SelectedItem to SelectedState. You might be wondering what are all these properties and how it is able to bind to them. The answer lies in data context, i.e., when you bound a control, WPF looks for data context on the root object (Grid in this case) and if it can’t find data context it will look into root’s root, i.e. FareView UserControl and it is bound to FareViewModel. Each of those properties have be declared on the ViewModel for the View to bind correctly. To put simply, View is bound to ViewModel through data context of type object and every control that is bound on the View actually binds to the public property on the ViewModel. Lets look into the ViewModel code (the following code is not an exact copy of FareViewMode.cs, pasted relevant code for this section) namespace TaxiModules.ViewModels { public class FareViewModel:ObservableBase, IDataErrorInfo { public List<USState> States { get { return USStates.StateList; } } public USState SelectedState { get { return _selectedState; } set { _selectedState = value; RaisePropertyChanged(_selectedStatePropertyName); } } public DateTime? DateOfEntry { get { return _dateOfEntry; } set { _dateOfEntry = value; RaisePropertyChanged(_dateOfEntryPropertyName); } } public TimeSpan? TimeOfEntry { get { return _timeOfEntry; } set { _timeOfEntry = value; RaisePropertyChanged(_timeOfEntryPropertyName); } } public double? MilesAtSixMPH { get { return _milesAtSixMPH; } set { _milesAtSixMPH = value; RaisePropertyChanged(_distanceAtSixMPHPropertyName); } } public int? MinutesAtTweleveMPH { get { return _minutesAtTweleveMPH; } set { _minutesAtTweleveMPH = value; RaisePropertyChanged(_minutesAtTweleveMPHPropertyName); } } public ICommand StartMeterCommand { get { if(_startMeterCommand == null) { _startMeterCommand = new DelegateCommand<object>(OnStartMeter, CanStartMeter); } return _startMeterCommand; } } public ICommand AddMinutesCommand { get { if(_addMinutesCommand == null) { _addMinutesCommand = new DelegateCommand<object>(OnAddMinutes, CanAddMinutes); } return _addMinutesCommand; } } public ICommand ResetCommand { get { if(_resetCommand == null) { _resetCommand = new DelegateCommand<object>(OnResetCommand); } return _resetCommand; } } } private void OnStartMeter(object obj) { _eventAggregator.GetEvent<TaxiStartedEvent>().Publish( new TaxiStarted() { EngagedOn = DateOfEntry.Value.Date + TimeOfEntry.Value, EngagedState = SelectedState.Value }); _isMeterStarted = true; OnPropertyChanged(this,null); } And views communicate user actions like button clicks, tree view item selections, etc using commands. When user clicks on ‘Start the Meter’ button it invokes the method StartMeterCommand, which calls the method OnStartMeter which publishes the event to TotalViewModel using event aggregator and TaxiStartedEvent. namespace TaxiModules.ViewModels { public class TotalViewModel:ObservableBase { ... private IEventAggregator _eventAggregator; public TotalViewModel(IEventAggregator eventAggregator) { _eventAggregator = eventAggregator; InitializePropertyNames(); InitializeModel(); SubscribeToEvents(); } public decimal? TotalFare { get { return _totalFare; } set { _totalFare = value; RaisePropertyChanged(_totalFarePropertyName); } } .... private void SubscribeToEvents() { _eventAggregator.GetEvent<TaxiStartedEvent>().Subscribe(OnTaxiStarted, ThreadOption.UIThread,false,(filter) => true); _eventAggregator.GetEvent<TaxiOnMoveEvent>().Subscribe(OnTaxiMove, ThreadOption.UIThread, false, (filter) => true); _eventAggregator.GetEvent<TaxiResetEvent>().Subscribe(OnTaxiReset, ThreadOption.UIThread, false, (filter) => true); } private void OnTaxiStarted(TaxiStarted taxiStarted) { Fares.Add(new EntryFare()); Fares.Add(new StateTaxFare(taxiStarted)); Fares.Add(new NightSurchargeFare(taxiStarted)); Fares.Add(new PeakHourWeekdayFare(taxiStarted)); SetTotalFare(Fares); } private void SetTotalFare(IEnumerable<IFare> fares) { TotalFare = (_totalFare ?? 0) + TaxiFareHelper.GetTotalFare(fares); } .... } } TotalViewModel subscribes to events, TaxiStartedEvent and rest. When TaxiStartedEvent gets invoked it calls the OnTaxiStarted method which sets the total fare which includes entry fee, state tax, nightly surcharge, peak hour weekday fare. Note that TotalViewModel derives from ObservableBase which implements the method RaisePropertyChanged which we are invoking in Set of TotalFare property, i.e, once we update the TotalFare property it raises an the event that allows the TotalFare text box to fetch the new value through the data context. ViewModel is communicating with View through data context and it has no knowledge about View, helping in loose coupling of ViewModel and View. I have attached the source code (.Net 4.0, Prism 4.0, VS 2010) , download and play with it and don’t forget to leave your comments.

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