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• Troubleshooting latency spikes on ESXi NFS datastores

  - by exo_cw

  I'm experiencing fsync latencies of around five seconds on NFS datastores in ESXi, triggered by certain VMs. I suspect this might be caused by VMs using NCQ/TCQ, as this does not happen with virtual IDE drives. This can be reproduced using fsync-tester (by Ted Ts'o) and ioping. For example using a Grml live system with a 8GB disk: Linux 2.6.33-grml64: root@dynip211 /mnt/sda # ./fsync-tester fsync time: 5.0391 fsync time: 5.0438 fsync time: 5.0300 fsync time: 0.0231 fsync time: 0.0243 fsync time: 5.0382 fsync time: 5.0400 [... goes on like this ...] That is 5 seconds, not milliseconds. This is even creating IO-latencies on a different VM running on the same host and datastore: root@grml /mnt/sda/ioping-0.5 # ./ioping -i 0.3 -p 20 . 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=1 time=7.2 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=2 time=0.9 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=3 time=0.9 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=4 time=0.9 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=5 time=4809.0 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=6 time=1.0 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=7 time=1.2 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=8 time=1.1 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=9 time=1.3 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=10 time=1.2 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=11 time=1.0 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=12 time=4950.0 ms When I move the first VM to local storage it looks perfectly normal: root@dynip211 /mnt/sda # ./fsync-tester fsync time: 0.0191 fsync time: 0.0201 fsync time: 0.0203 fsync time: 0.0206 fsync time: 0.0192 fsync time: 0.0231 fsync time: 0.0201 [... tried that for one hour: no spike ...] Things I've tried that made no difference: Tested several ESXi Builds: 381591, 348481, 260247 Tested on different hardware, different Intel and AMD boxes Tested with different NFS servers, all show the same behavior: OpenIndiana b147 (ZFS sync always or disabled: no difference) OpenIndiana b148 (ZFS sync always or disabled: no difference) Linux 2.6.32 (sync or async: no difference) It makes no difference if the NFS server is on the same machine (as a virtual storage appliance) or on a different host Guest OS tested, showing problems: Windows 7 64 Bit (using CrystalDiskMark, latency spikes happen mostly during preparing phase) Linux 2.6.32 (fsync-tester + ioping) Linux 2.6.38 (fsync-tester + ioping) I could not reproduce this problem on Linux 2.6.18 VMs. Another workaround is to use virtual IDE disks (vs SCSI/SAS), but that is limiting performance and the number of drives per VM. Update 2011-06-30: The latency spikes seem to happen more often if the application writes in multiple small blocks before fsync. For example fsync-tester does this (strace output): pwrite(3, "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"..., 1048576, 0) = 1048576 fsync(3) = 0 ioping does this while preparing the file: [lots of pwrites] pwrite(3, "********************************"..., 4096, 1036288) = 4096 pwrite(3, "********************************"..., 4096, 1040384) = 4096 pwrite(3, "********************************"..., 4096, 1044480) = 4096 fsync(3) = 0 The setup phase of ioping almost always hangs, while fsync-tester sometimes works fine. Is someone capable of updating fsync-tester to write multiple small blocks? My C skills suck ;) Update 2011-07-02: This problem does not occur with iSCSI. I tried this with the OpenIndiana COMSTAR iSCSI server. But iSCSI does not give you easy access to the VMDK files so you can move them between hosts with snapshots and rsync. Update 2011-07-06: This is part of a wireshark capture, captured by a third VM on the same vSwitch. This all happens on the same host, no physical network involved. I've started ioping around time 20. There were no packets sent until the five second delay was over: No. Time Source Destination Protocol Info 1082 16.164096 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 NFS V3 WRITE Call (Reply In 1085), FH:0x3eb56466 Offset:0 Len:84 FILE_SYNC 1083 16.164112 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 NFS V3 WRITE Call (Reply In 1086), FH:0x3eb56f66 Offset:0 Len:84 FILE_SYNC 1084 16.166060 192.168.250.20 192.168.250.10 TCP nfs > iclcnet-locate [ACK] Seq=445 Ack=1057 Win=32806 Len=0 TSV=432016 TSER=769110 1085 16.167678 192.168.250.20 192.168.250.10 NFS V3 WRITE Reply (Call In 1082) Len:84 FILE_SYNC 1086 16.168280 192.168.250.20 192.168.250.10 NFS V3 WRITE Reply (Call In 1083) Len:84 FILE_SYNC 1087 16.168417 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 TCP iclcnet-locate > nfs [ACK] Seq=1057 Ack=773 Win=4163 Len=0 TSV=769110 TSER=432016 1088 23.163028 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 NFS V3 GETATTR Call (Reply In 1089), FH:0x0bb04963 1089 23.164541 192.168.250.20 192.168.250.10 NFS V3 GETATTR Reply (Call In 1088) Directory mode:0777 uid:0 gid:0 1090 23.274252 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 TCP iclcnet-locate > nfs [ACK] Seq=1185 Ack=889 Win=4163 Len=0 TSV=769821 TSER=432716 1091 24.924188 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 1092 24.924210 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 1093 24.924216 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 1094 24.924225 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 1095 24.924555 192.168.250.20 192.168.250.10 TCP nfs > iclcnet_svinfo [ACK] Seq=6893 Ack=1118613 Win=32625 Len=0 TSV=432892 TSER=769986 1096 24.924626 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 1097 24.924635 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 1098 24.924643 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 1099 24.924649 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 1100 24.924653 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 2nd Update 2011-07-06: There seems to be some influence from TCP window sizes. I was not able to reproduce this problem using FreeNAS (based on FreeBSD) as a NFS server. The wireshark captures showed TCP window updates to 29127 bytes in regular intervals. I did not see them with OpenIndiana, which uses larger window sizes by default. I can no longer reproduce this problem if I set the following options in OpenIndiana and restart the NFS server: ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_recv_hiwat 8192 # default is 128000 ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_max_buf 1048575 # default is 1048576 But this kills performance: Writing from /dev/zero to a file with dd_rescue goes from 170MB/s to 80MB/s. Update 2011-07-07: I've uploaded this tcpdump capture (can be analyzed with wireshark). In this case 192.168.250.2 is the NFS server (OpenIndiana b148) and 192.168.250.10 is the ESXi host. Things I've tested during this capture: Started "ioping -w 5 -i 0.2 ." at time 30, 5 second hang in setup, completed at time 40. Started "ioping -w 5 -i 0.2 ." at time 60, 5 second hang in setup, completed at time 70. Started "fsync-tester" at time 90, with the following output, stopped at time 120: fsync time: 0.0248 fsync time: 5.0197 fsync time: 5.0287 fsync time: 5.0242 fsync time: 5.0225 fsync time: 0.0209 2nd Update 2011-07-07: Tested another NFS server VM, this time NexentaStor 3.0.5 community edition: Shows the same problems. Update 2011-07-31: I can also reproduce this problem on the new ESXi build 4.1.0.433742.

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• Transfer files between VPC and Host Machine.

  - by gwc

  I have a virtual machine setup and I am able to transfer files from the host to the vpc and from the vpc to the host. I then copied the vpc to another machine and I am not able to copy files anymore. How can you setup the ability to copy files between the VPC and the host machine.

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• Is there a security risk for allowing people to set their DNS so their own subdomains can be route to my server?

  - by DantheMan

  Lets say that I have a web application, built in Django and deployed with Nginx. Is it a good idea to offer a service that allows customers to request that a subdomain can be pointed at it. I figured this: If I dont allow this, then some companies wont want to access the service from http://mydjangoappmadeupname.com/bigcorporation/ They would rather access it through http://service.bigcorporation.com That would effectively mask that they are using an outside resource. Is there a significant risk that I am overlooking? Also do you think it would be easier to just set things up in Django to handle it, allowing Nginx to accept all domains and then pushing them to Django which would filter out if they are allowed or not, or would it be better to just update my Nginx log each time a client wanted this changed?

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• Social-Networking Startup, Hosting Plan

  - by pws5068

  I've created a social networking community which is soon ready to release, and I'm trying to decide on a type of hosting plan. I have considered options such as VPS and Reseller plans. I anticipate (or hope for at least) a significant amount of traffic/bandwidth in the not-too-distant future. If I open a reseller, will I receive the same amount of server lag during busy hours that I do with a shared account? How significant is the profit margin with the reseller option? Aside from generalized "configurability", what advantages merit purchasing a VPS? Is there anything stopping me from reselling space on a VPS account? Features I need Include: PHP, MySql, Unlimited Domains, Ruby on Rails, Remote Database Connections

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• Creating Multiple Users on Single PHP-FPM Pool

  - by Vince Kronlein

  Have PHP-FPM/FastCGI up and running on my cPanel/WHM server but I'd like have it allow for multiple users off of a single pool. Getting all vhosts to run off a single pool is simple by adding this to the Apache include editor under Global Post Vhost: <IfModule mod_fastcgi.c> FastCGIExternalServer /usr/local/sbin/php-fpm -host 127.0.0.1:9000 AddHandler php-fastcgi .php Action php-fastcgi /usr/local/sbin/php-fpm.fcgi ScriptAlias /usr/local/spin/php-fpm.fcgi /usr/local/sbin/php-fpm <Directory /usr/local/sbin> Options ExecCGI FollowSymLinks SetHandler fastcgi-script Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </IfModule> But I'd like to find a way to implement php running under the user, but sharing the pool. I manage and control all the domains that run under the pool so I'm not concerned about security of files per account, I just need to make sure all scripting can be executed by the user who owns the files, instead of needing to change file permissions for each account, or having to create tons of vhost include files.

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• Nginx redirects

  - by Ibrahim Hussein

  Let's say i have a virtual host in Nginx wtih name www.domain.com and root directory named public. Inside public i have 2 dirs dir1 and dir2. How i redirect the request to www.domain.com to dir1? I know it's a simple question, but i am new to nginx.

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• Virtualize Mac OS X on a Mac

  - by Joe Mako

  I use Virtual Box on a Mac OS X 10.6.2 MacBook Pro. Can I create/run a Mac OS X 10.5 guest OS on this setup? If not, what setup would allow me to run multiple versions of Mac OS X on the same machine?

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• DBRD dual primary Heartbeat resource management

  - by Jon Skarpeteig

  I have the following setup: Two servers with DRBD running dual primary with OCFS2 Heartbeat with two virtual ips, one for each server Round robin DNS to load balance NFS across the two vIPs Shutting down Server1 for a period of time, cause Server2 to take over the vIP for failover. However, when Server1 returns - it takes over the designated vIP as soon as heartbeat gets connection again - even though the DRBD is running sync (and thus not up to date) How can I configure heartbeat to perform failback as soon as Server1 again is in sync with Server2 ? (And not before)

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• Configuring multiple domain in nginx in one file

  - by user22695

  I am still newbie configuring nginx. Is it posibble to configure multiple domain in one file and they share mostly the same config? For example I want to configure two domains that based from one app and one domain need basic auth, the other doesn't. I would like to do something like this, but I think this does not work: sites-enabled/mysite server { listen 127.0.0.1:80 default_server; server_name www.mysite.com; include sharedconf.conf; } server { listen 127.0.0.1:80; server_name www.mysite.co.jp; auth_basic "restricted"; auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx.htpasswd; include sharedconf.conf; } sharedconf.conf location / { proxy_pass_header Server; #... bunch of config line ... }

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• Mac OS on a Windows PC

  I've done a little bit of reading on the topic, but nothing too clear has turned up. Why is it so difficult to run Mac OS on a virtual machine on a PC? Some sources say it's because of hardware architecture. Is there a clear, definitive reason?

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• Why am I having trouble installing Xenserver?

  - by Lee Tickett

  I have two almost identical servers: Supermicro X8SIL-F Intel x3470 16GB RAM 16GB USB Pendrive I have tried installing XenServer 6 on both servers but when the server then attempts to boot it hangs at the loading screen: If I attempt to validate at the beginning of the installation i get the following error(s): Yet i've checked the md5 hash is spot on and i've tried from virtual disc, physical disc, http and nfs all yield the same result! What's going on? Thanks

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• Is there a good command-line OS from which I can launch VMs?

  - by Dredj

  Generally speaking, I'm interested in something that can load quickly and, depending on what I want to do, can choose to launch a Virtual Machine that is tailored to my desired activity. So, something that loads to (preferably) a command line, then if I want to run my Windows 7 machine that has all of my programming junk on it, I can simply enter the command to launch some VM player and close it when I'm done.

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• Why does my MacBook Pro trackpad sometimes set its tracking speed to slow, all by itself?

  - by Paul D. Waite

  Every now and then, the trackpad on my MacBook Pro will seem to set its own tracking speed to slow. I’ll notice that the cursor is moving slowly, and when I check in System Preferences, the tracking speed is indeed at slow, even though I never set it to slow myself. This might happen before/after switching into a VMWare virtual machine, but I’m not sure. It doesn’t seem to happen on startup or anything, just during use. Anyone else seen this?

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• One-way forest trust between geographically distributed forests using Server 2008 R2

  - by bwerks

  Hi all, I'm planning out a joinder between two domains, as would take place with contracting companies. Forests A and B exist in distant sites, and there is to be a one-way forest trust so that domain users in Forest A can be authenticated on machines in Forest B. In order to facilitate this, each forest's domain controller must be able to contact each other in order to set up & confirm the trust, but my question is what underlying networking magic must take place beneath it. So far the prevailing approach has been to maintain a VPN connection between the two sites, but the technet documentation seems to indicate that DNS forwarding may be the way to go. Is this the case? Furthermore, if DNS will suffice, does that mean that there must be a server running DNS on boundary servers in each domain so that they can be reached from across the internet? How must they be configured? Thanks!

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• VirtualBox 4.1.12 Ubuntu Host Bridged Networking

  - by hidden_premise

  Setup Ubuntu Server 11.10 x64 VirtualBox 4.1.12 One network adapter eth0 with a static IP address My /etc/network/interfaces looks like #Local loopback auto lo iface lo inet loopback #Primary Interface auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 10.0.0.6 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 10.0.0.1 Need Static IP for Ubuntu Host Static IP for multiple Ubuntu guests My attempt Downloaded the .deb for 64bit virtual box dpkg -i virtualbox.deb Create a VM and install ubuntu server 11.10 x64 from ISO Set the networking mode to bridged and choose 'eth0' as the interface Fail. None of the guides I can find for bridged networking work because everything changed since vbox 2

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• AWStats on Plesk consumes all of CPU and crashes server - how do you disable plesk.

  - by columbo

  Hello, I have Plesk 9.0.1 running on a Red Hat server. Every week or so at about 4:10am the server locks up. At this time the server CPU usage shhots from 4% to 90% at the same time as a mass of awstats.pl processes start (I can't see how many as my datat only shows the top 30 processes, but all of these are awstats.pl). I turned off awstats through the Plesk control panel for all but 5 domains but I still get 90% CPU usage and at least 30 instances of awstats.pl happening at 4:10am as usual. Does anyone know why this may be? Does anyone know how to disable awstats (I have stats covered using piwik)? Thanks

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• What are the consequences of giving an AD domain differing NetBIOS and DNS names?

  - by Newt

  In the past, when creating AD domains, I've used the common convention of using a sub-domain of the company's publicly registered domain name, e.g "corp.mycompany.com" or "int.mycompany.com". I've always accepted the default NetBIOS name when running DCPromo, for fear that creating a NetBIOS name that differs from the sub-domain may cause complications. I've recently been doing a bit of research on the consequences of providing an alternate NetBIOS name. The main reasons behind this are: The NetBIOS name isn't particularly descriptive or unique to the company Apparently generic NetBIOS names such as "CORP" or "INT" can cause issues when merging IT systems (although I've not had experience with this myself) Providing something "before the slash" that means more to users (less important) In looking at the possible downsides, the only one I can come up with is the disjointed namespace issue when configuring Exchange. Can anybody with more experience than I elaborate on my findings at all? Many thanks

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• setup dns server on leopard machine?

  - by user9179

  what is the easiest way to setup dns server on leopard machine? Is leopard come with dns server? my leopard machine virtual name is abc.local . i want to add this to dns server. can guide?

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• 2 routers, both DHCP, no IP assigned

  - by piobyz

  I can't get DHCP to assign IP to my wireless devices. My network config is as follows: Nanostation5 Linksys WRT350N, which is connected with Nanostation via its INTERNET port. Nanostation: LAN IP Address: 192.168.1.20 WLAN IP Address: 192.168.0.79 Network Mode: Router and is getting its IP via DHCP from my ISP Netmask: 255.255.255.0 Gateway IP: 192.168.1.1 LAN Network settings: IP Address: 192.168.1.20 Netmask: 255.255.255.0 Enable NAT: YES ENABLE DHCP Server: YES Range 192.168.1.100 ~ 250 Netmask: 255.255.255.0 Enable DNS Proxy: YES Linksys: Internet Connection Type: DHCP Router IP: 192.168.2.1 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 DHCP: Enabled Start IP: 192.168.2.100 ~ 120 Advanced Routing: NAT: Enabled What I can do is connecting manually with this config: IP: 192.168.2.101 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 Router: 192.168.2.1 DNS: 192.168.1.20 Search domains: WRT350N I want to be able to connect to both routers independently(now its 192.168.1.20 for Nanostation, and 192.168.2.1 for Linksys) and connect any wireless device using DHCP. What should be IP ranges, masks, etc. on both devices?

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• MSTSC RDP over the public internet

  - by stuart Brand

  My first question so please be gentle :) I have a client who is insisting that they have to let their third party vendor support access to there server directly from the internet via RDP. Our policy does not allow direct access to the infrastructure from outside of the data centre for administration except from an approved VPN connection and then virtual desktop there on to the servers. I am now in the situation where I must give good reasons why it is dangerous to use RDP over the public internet. any help would be appreciated Thanks in advance Stuart

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• How can I specify nameserver's port number in osx? [duplicate]

  - by Cofyc

  This question already has an answer here: How is DNS lookup configured for OSX Mountain Lion? 2 answers In resolver manual, it said: The address may optionally have a trailing dot followed by a port number. For example, 10.0.0.17.55 specifies that the nameserver at 10.0.0.17 uses port 55. But it doesn't work, in /etc/resolv.conf or files under /etc/resolver/. 208.67.222.222.5353 Can I specify non-default port number for nameserver in osx? Update: osx don't use /etc/resolve.conf, but use files under /etc/resolver/. I have wrote a file dev with content '127.0.0.1' to route all dns queries for *.dev domains to a local dns server (127.0.0.). But I cannot specify dns server's port here. (It uses 53 anyway) Maybe there is no way to specify port number under osx?

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• Why can't I register a domain name that a registrar owns?

  - by barfoon

  Hey everyone, I am interested in purchasing a .ca domain name. It was taken, and when I did a WHOIS it showed me that GoDaddy (a registrar) has control of it, however when I go to GoDaddy to purchase it, I have no such option. I have always wondered - why do registrars do this? I've come across this situation before with other domains as well. Is there any way to actually purchase a domain like this for yourself? If anyone can shed some light on this issue, I'd greatly appreciate it. Cheers,

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• Experiences with hosted (off-site) Microsoft Dynamics CRM?

  - by Beau

  We're currently testing Microsoft Dynamics CRM hosted by Fpweb. I've been asked by the lead on the project how we can increase the speed at which CRM pages in IE load. The delay seems reasonable to me for a virtual server located across the country. Has anyone succeeded in speeding things up with aggressive caching (i.e. a WAN accelerator) or by some other means? Do your employees complain about the speed of hosted Dynamics CRM?

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• How to install a linux distro (backtrack) to/from a usb stick or iso on a netbook

  - by Chris

  I have a netbook with no CD drive, so I need ot install from USB stick. I need to install backtrack on my netbook for a wireless security project for school. How is this done? I only have a 4GB stick. I'm also able to mount the .iso from on the netbook, but I'm not sure how to get it to install to a partition off of a virtual drive.

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• How to selectively route network traffic through VPN on Mac OSX Leopard?

  - by newtonapple

  I don't want to send all my network traffic down to VPN when I'm connected to my company's network (via VPN) from home. For example, when I'm working from home, I would like to be able to backup my all files to the Time Capsule at home and still be able to access the company's internal network. I'm using Leopard's built-in VPN client. I've tried unchecking "Send all traffic over VPN connection." If I do that I will lose access to my company's internal websites be it via curl or the web browser (though internal IPs are still reachable). It'd be ideal if I can selectively choose a set of IPs or domains to be routed through VPN and keep the rest on my own network. Is this achievable with Leopard's built-in VPN client? If you have any software recommendations, I'd like to hear them as well.

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