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  • How to write a test for accounts controller for forms authenticate

    - by Anil Ali
    Trying to figure out how to adequately test my accounts controller. I am having problem testing the successful logon scenario. Issue 1) Am I missing any other tests.(I am testing the model validation attributes separately) Issue 2) Put_ReturnsOverviewRedirectToRouteResultIfLogonSuccessAndNoReturnUrlGiven() and Put_ReturnsRedirectResultIfLogonSuccessAndReturnUrlGiven() test are not passing. I have narrowed it down to the line where i am calling _membership.validateuser(). Even though during my mock setup of the service i am stating that i want to return true whenever validateuser is called, the method call returns false. Here is what I have gotten so far AccountController.cs [HandleError] public class AccountController : Controller { private IMembershipService _membershipService; public AccountController() : this(null) { } public AccountController(IMembershipService membershipService) { _membershipService = membershipService ?? new AccountMembershipService(); } [HttpGet] public ActionResult LogOn() { return View(); } [HttpPost] public ActionResult LogOn(LogOnModel model, string returnUrl) { if (ModelState.IsValid) { if (_membershipService.ValidateUser(model.UserName,model.Password)) { if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(returnUrl)) { return Redirect(returnUrl); } return RedirectToAction("Index", "Overview"); } ModelState.AddModelError("*", "The user name or password provided is incorrect."); } return View(model); } } AccountServices.cs public interface IMembershipService { bool ValidateUser(string userName, string password); } public class AccountMembershipService : IMembershipService { public bool ValidateUser(string userName, string password) { throw new System.NotImplementedException(); } } AccountControllerFacts.cs public class AccountControllerFacts { public static AccountController GetAccountControllerForLogonSuccess() { var membershipServiceStub = MockRepository.GenerateStub<IMembershipService>(); var controller = new AccountController(membershipServiceStub); membershipServiceStub .Stub(x => x.ValidateUser("someuser", "somepass")) .Return(true); return controller; } public static AccountController GetAccountControllerForLogonFailure() { var membershipServiceStub = MockRepository.GenerateStub<IMembershipService>(); var controller = new AccountController(membershipServiceStub); membershipServiceStub .Stub(x => x.ValidateUser("someuser", "somepass")) .Return(false); return controller; } public class LogOn { [Fact] public void Get_ReturnsViewResultWithDefaultViewName() { // Arrange var controller = GetAccountControllerForLogonSuccess(); // Act var result = controller.LogOn(); // Assert Assert.IsType<ViewResult>(result); Assert.Empty(((ViewResult)result).ViewName); } [Fact] public void Put_ReturnsOverviewRedirectToRouteResultIfLogonSuccessAndNoReturnUrlGiven() { // Arrange var controller = GetAccountControllerForLogonSuccess(); var user = new LogOnModel(); // Act var result = controller.LogOn(user, null); var redirectresult = (RedirectToRouteResult) result; // Assert Assert.IsType<RedirectToRouteResult>(result); Assert.Equal("Overview", redirectresult.RouteValues["controller"]); Assert.Equal("Index", redirectresult.RouteValues["action"]); } [Fact] public void Put_ReturnsRedirectResultIfLogonSuccessAndReturnUrlGiven() { // Arrange var controller = GetAccountControllerForLogonSuccess(); var user = new LogOnModel(); // Act var result = controller.LogOn(user, "someurl"); var redirectResult = (RedirectResult) result; // Assert Assert.IsType<RedirectResult>(result); Assert.Equal("someurl", redirectResult.Url); } [Fact] public void Put_ReturnsViewIfInvalidModelState() { // Arrange var controller = GetAccountControllerForLogonFailure(); var user = new LogOnModel(); controller.ModelState.AddModelError("*","Invalid model state."); // Act var result = controller.LogOn(user, "someurl"); var viewResult = (ViewResult) result; // Assert Assert.IsType<ViewResult>(result); Assert.Empty(viewResult.ViewName); Assert.Same(user,viewResult.ViewData.Model); } [Fact] public void Put_ReturnsViewIfLogonFailed() { // Arrange var controller = GetAccountControllerForLogonFailure(); var user = new LogOnModel(); // Act var result = controller.LogOn(user, "someurl"); var viewResult = (ViewResult) result; // Assert Assert.IsType<ViewResult>(result); Assert.Empty(viewResult.ViewName); Assert.Same(user,viewResult.ViewData.Model); Assert.Equal(false,viewResult.ViewData.ModelState.IsValid); } } }

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  • SQL SERVER – Subquery or Join – Various Options – SQL Server Engine knows the Best

    - by pinaldave
    This is followup post of my earlier article SQL SERVER – Convert IN to EXISTS – Performance Talk, after reading all the comments I have received I felt that I could write more on the same subject to clear few things out. First let us run following four queries, all of them are giving exactly same resultset. USE AdventureWorks GO -- use of = SELECT * FROM HumanResources.Employee E WHERE E.EmployeeID = ( SELECT EA.EmployeeID FROM HumanResources.EmployeeAddress EA WHERE EA.EmployeeID = E.EmployeeID) GO -- use of in SELECT * FROM HumanResources.Employee E WHERE E.EmployeeID IN ( SELECT EA.EmployeeID FROM HumanResources.EmployeeAddress EA WHERE EA.EmployeeID = E.EmployeeID) GO -- use of exists SELECT * FROM HumanResources.Employee E WHERE EXISTS ( SELECT EA.EmployeeID FROM HumanResources.EmployeeAddress EA WHERE EA.EmployeeID = E.EmployeeID) GO -- Use of Join SELECT * FROM HumanResources.Employee E INNER JOIN HumanResources.EmployeeAddress EA ON E.EmployeeID = EA.EmployeeID GO Let us compare the execution plan of the queries listed above. Click on image to see larger image. It is quite clear from the execution plan that in case of IN, EXISTS and JOIN SQL Server Engines is smart enough to figure out what is the best optimal plan of Merge Join for the same query and execute the same. However, in the case of use of Equal (=) Operator, SQL Server is forced to use Nested Loop and test each result of the inner query and compare to outer query, leading to cut the performance. Please note that here I no mean suggesting that Nested Loop is bad or Merge Join is better. This can very well vary on your machine and amount of resources available on your computer. When I see Equal (=) operator used in query like above, I usually recommend to see if user can use IN or EXISTS or JOIN. As I said, this can very much vary on different system. What is your take in above query? I believe SQL Server Engines is usually pretty smart to figure out what is ideal execution plan and use it. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Joins, SQL Optimization, SQL Performance, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace

    - by Scott Dorman
    An empty string is different than an unassigned string variable (which is null), and is a string containing no characters between the quotes (""). The .NET Framework provides String.Empty to represent an empty string, and there is no practical difference between ("") and String.Empty. One of the most common string comparisons to perform is to determine if a string variable is equal to an empty string. The fastest and simplest way to determine if a string is empty is to test if the Length property is equal to 0. However, since strings are reference types it is possible for a string variable to be null, which would result in a runtime error when you tried to access the Length property. Since testing to determine if a string is empty is such a common occurrence, the .NET Framework provides the static method String.IsNullOrEmpty method: public static bool IsNullOrEmpty(string value) { if (value != null) { return (value.Length == 0); }   return true; } It is also very common to determine if a string is empty and contains more than just whitespace characters. For example, String.IsNullOrEmpty("   ") would return false, since this string is actually made up of three whitespace characters. In some cases, this may be acceptable, but in many others it is not. TO help simplify testing this scenario, the .NET Framework 4 introduces the String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace method: public static bool IsNullOrWhiteSpace(string value) { if (value != null) { for (int i = 0; i < value.Length; i++) { if (!char.IsWhiteSpace(value[i])) { return false; } } } return true; }   Using either String.IsNullOrEmpty or String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace helps ensure correctness, readability, and consistency, so they should be used in all situations where you need to determine if a string is null, empty, or contains only whitespace characters. Technorati Tags: .NET,C# 4

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  • C#/.NET Little Wonders: The Nullable static class

    - by James Michael Hare
    Once again, in this series of posts I look at the parts of the .NET Framework that may seem trivial, but can help improve your code by making it easier to write and maintain. The index of all my past little wonders posts can be found here. Today we’re going to look at an interesting Little Wonder that can be used to mitigate what could be considered a Little Pitfall.  The Little Wonder we’ll be examining is the System.Nullable static class.  No, not the System.Nullable<T> class, but a static helper class that has one useful method in particular that we will examine… but first, let’s look at the Little Pitfall that makes this wonder so useful. Little Pitfall: Comparing nullable value types using <, >, <=, >= Examine this piece of code, without examining it too deeply, what’s your gut reaction as to the result? 1: int? x = null; 2:  3: if (x < 100) 4: { 5: Console.WriteLine("True, {0} is less than 100.", 6: x.HasValue ? x.ToString() : "null"); 7: } 8: else 9: { 10: Console.WriteLine("False, {0} is NOT less than 100.", 11: x.HasValue ? x.ToString() : "null"); 12: } Your gut would be to say true right?  It would seem to make sense that a null integer is less than the integer constant 100.  But the result is actually false!  The null value is not less than 100 according to the less-than operator. It looks even more outrageous when you consider this also evaluates to false: 1: int? x = null; 2:  3: if (x < int.MaxValue) 4: { 5: // ... 6: } So, are we saying that null is less than every valid int value?  If that were true, null should be less than int.MinValue, right?  Well… no: 1: int? x = null; 2:  3: // um... hold on here, x is NOT less than min value? 4: if (x < int.MinValue) 5: { 6: // ... 7: } So what’s going on here?  If we use greater than instead of less than, we see the same little dilemma: 1: int? x = null; 2:  3: // once again, null is not greater than anything either... 4: if (x > int.MinValue) 5: { 6: // ... 7: } It turns out that four of the comparison operators (<, <=, >, >=) are designed to return false anytime at least one of the arguments is null when comparing System.Nullable wrapped types that expose the comparison operators (short, int, float, double, DateTime, TimeSpan, etc.).  What’s even odder is that even though the two equality operators (== and !=) work correctly, >= and <= have the same issue as < and > and return false if both System.Nullable wrapped operator comparable types are null! 1: DateTime? x = null; 2: DateTime? y = null; 3:  4: if (x <= y) 5: { 6: Console.WriteLine("You'd think this is true, since both are null, but it's not."); 7: } 8: else 9: { 10: Console.WriteLine("It's false because <=, <, >, >= don't work on null."); 11: } To make matters even more confusing, take for example your usual check to see if something is less than, greater to, or equal: 1: int? x = null; 2: int? y = 100; 3:  4: if (x < y) 5: { 6: Console.WriteLine("X is less than Y"); 7: } 8: else if (x > y) 9: { 10: Console.WriteLine("X is greater than Y"); 11: } 12: else 13: { 14: // We fall into the "equals" assumption, but clearly null != 100! 15: Console.WriteLine("X is equal to Y"); 16: } Yes, this code outputs “X is equal to Y” because both the less-than and greater-than operators return false when a Nullable wrapped operator comparable type is null.  This violates a lot of our assumptions because we assume is something is not less than something, and it’s not greater than something, it must be equal.  So keep in mind, that the only two comparison operators that work on Nullable wrapped types where at least one is null are the equals (==) and not equals (!=) operators: 1: int? x = null; 2: int? y = 100; 3:  4: if (x == y) 5: { 6: Console.WriteLine("False, x is null, y is not."); 7: } 8:  9: if (x != y) 10: { 11: Console.WriteLine("True, x is null, y is not."); 12: } Solution: The Nullable static class So we’ve seen that <, <=, >, and >= have some interesting and perhaps unexpected behaviors that can trip up a novice developer who isn’t expecting the kinks that System.Nullable<T> types with comparison operators can throw.  How can we easily mitigate this? Well, obviously, you could do null checks before each check, but that starts to get ugly: 1: if (x.HasValue) 2: { 3: if (y.HasValue) 4: { 5: if (x < y) 6: { 7: Console.WriteLine("x < y"); 8: } 9: else if (x > y) 10: { 11: Console.WriteLine("x > y"); 12: } 13: else 14: { 15: Console.WriteLine("x == y"); 16: } 17: } 18: else 19: { 20: Console.WriteLine("x > y because y is null and x isn't"); 21: } 22: } 23: else if (y.HasValue) 24: { 25: Console.WriteLine("x < y because x is null and y isn't"); 26: } 27: else 28: { 29: Console.WriteLine("x == y because both are null"); 30: } Yes, we could probably simplify this logic a bit, but it’s still horrendous!  So what do we do if we want to consider null less than everything and be able to properly compare Nullable<T> wrapped value types? The key is the System.Nullable static class.  This class is a companion class to the System.Nullable<T> class and allows you to use a few helper methods for Nullable<T> wrapped types, including a static Compare<T>() method of the. What’s so big about the static Compare<T>() method?  It implements an IComparer compatible comparison on Nullable<T> types.  Why do we care?  Well, if you look at the MSDN description for how IComparer works, you’ll read: Comparing null with any type is allowed and does not generate an exception when using IComparable. When sorting, null is considered to be less than any other object. This is what we probably want!  We want null to be less than everything!  So now we can change our logic to use the Nullable.Compare<T>() static method: 1: int? x = null; 2: int? y = 100; 3:  4: if (Nullable.Compare(x, y) < 0) 5: { 6: // Yes! x is null, y is not, so x is less than y according to Compare(). 7: Console.WriteLine("x < y"); 8: } 9: else if (Nullable.Compare(x, y) > 0) 10: { 11: Console.WriteLine("x > y"); 12: } 13: else 14: { 15: Console.WriteLine("x == y"); 16: } Summary So, when doing math comparisons between two numeric values where one of them may be a null Nullable<T>, consider using the System.Nullable.Compare<T>() method instead of the comparison operators.  It will treat null less than any value, and will avoid logic consistency problems when relying on < returning false to indicate >= is true and so on. Tweet   Technorati Tags: C#,C-Sharp,.NET,Little Wonders,Little Pitfalls,Nulalble

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  • Clipping polygons in XNA with stencil (not using spritebatch)

    - by Blau
    The problem... i'm drawing polygons, in this case boxes, and i want clip children polygons with its parent's client area. // Class Region public void Render(GraphicsDevice Device, Camera Camera) { int StencilLevel = 0; Device.Clear( ClearOptions.Stencil, Vector4.Zero, 0, StencilLevel ); Render( Device, Camera, StencilLevel ); } private void Render(GraphicsDevice Device, Camera Camera, int StencilLevel) { Device.SamplerStates[0] = this.SamplerState; Device.Textures[0] = this.Texture; Device.RasterizerState = RasterizerState.CullNone; Device.BlendState = BlendState.AlphaBlend; Device.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default; Effect.Prepare(this, Camera ); Device.DepthStencilState = GlobalContext.GraphicsStates.IncMask; Device.ReferenceStencil = StencilLevel; foreach ( EffectPass pass in Effect.Techniques[Technique].Passes ) { pass.Apply( ); Device.DrawUserIndexedPrimitives<VertexPositionColorTexture>( PrimitiveType.TriangleList, VertexData, 0, VertexData.Length, IndexData, 0, PrimitiveCount ); } foreach ( Region child in ChildrenRegions ) { child.Render( Device, Camera, StencilLevel + 1 ); } Effect.Prepare( this, Camera ); // This does not works Device.BlendState = GlobalContext.GraphicsStates.NoWriteColor; Device.DepthStencilState = GlobalContext.GraphicsStates.DecMask; Device.ReferenceStencil = StencilLevel; // This should be +1, but in that case the last drrawed is blue and overlap all foreach ( EffectPass pass in Effect.Techniques[Technique].Passes ) { pass.Apply( ); Device.DrawUserIndexedPrimitives<VertexPositionColorTexture>( PrimitiveType.TriangleList, VertexData, 0, VertexData.Length, IndexData, 0, PrimitiveCount ); } } public static class GraphicsStates { public static BlendState NoWriteColor = new BlendState( ) { ColorSourceBlend = Blend.One, AlphaSourceBlend = Blend.One, ColorDestinationBlend = Blend.InverseSourceAlpha, AlphaDestinationBlend = Blend.InverseSourceAlpha, ColorWriteChannels1 = ColorWriteChannels.None }; public static DepthStencilState IncMask = new DepthStencilState( ) { StencilEnable = true, StencilFunction = CompareFunction.Equal, StencilPass = StencilOperation.IncrementSaturation, }; public static DepthStencilState DecMask = new DepthStencilState( ) { StencilEnable = true, StencilFunction = CompareFunction.Equal, StencilPass = StencilOperation.DecrementSaturation, }; } How can achieve this? EDIT: I've just relized that the NoWriteColors.ColorWriteChannels1 should be NoWriteColors.ColorWriteChannels. :) Now it's clipping right. Any other approach?

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  • Organising levels / rooms in a MUD-style text based world

    - by Polynomial
    I'm thinking of writing a small text-based adventure game, but I'm not particularly sure how I should design the world from a technical standpoint. My first thought is to do it in XML, designed something like the following. Apologies for the huge pile of XML, but I felt it important to fully explain what I'm doing. <level> <start> <!-- start in kitchen with empty inventory --> <room>Kitchen</room> <inventory></inventory> </start> <rooms> <room> <name>Kitchen</name> <description>A small kitchen that looks like it hasn't been used in a while. It has a table in the middle, and there are some cupboards. There is a door to the north, which leads to the garden.</description> <!-- IDs of the objects the room contains --> <objects> <object>Cupboards</object> <object>Knife</object> <object>Batteries</object> </objects> </room> <room> <name>Garden</name> <description>The garden is wild and full of prickly bushes. To the north there is a path, which leads into the trees. To the south there is a house.</description> <objects> </objects> </room> <room> <name>Woods</name> <description>The woods are quite dark, with little light bleeding in from the garden. It is eerily quiet.</description> <objects> <object>Trees01</object> </objects> </room> </rooms> <doors> <!-- a door isn't necessarily a door. each door has a type, i.e. "There is a <type> leading to..." from and to are references the rooms that this door joins. direction specifies the direction (N,S,E,W,Up,Down) from <from> to <to> --> <door> <type>door</type> <direction>N</direction> <from>Kitchen</from> <to>Garden</to> </door> <door> <type>path</type> <direction>N</direction> <from>Garden</type> <to>Woods</type> </door> </doors> <variables> <!-- variables set by actions --> <variable name="cupboard_open">0</variable> </variables> <objects> <!-- definitions for objects --> <object> <name>Trees01</name> <displayName>Trees</displayName> <actions> <!-- any actions not defined will show the default failure message --> <action> <command>EXAMINE</command> <message>The trees are tall and thick. There aren't any low branches, so it'd be difficult to climb them.</message> </action> </actions> </object> <object> <name>Cupboards</name> <displayName>Cupboards</displayName> <actions> <action> <!-- requirements make the command only work when they are met --> <requirements> <!-- equivilent of "if(cupboard_open == 1)" --> <require operation="equal" value="1">cupboard_open</require> </requirements> <command>EXAMINE</command> <!-- fail message is the message displayed when the requirements aren't met --> <failMessage>The cupboard is closed.</failMessage> <message>The cupboard contains some batteires.</message> </action> <action> <requirements> <require operation="equal" value="0">cupboard_open</require> </requirements> <command>OPEN</command> <failMessage>The cupboard is already open.</failMessage> <message>You open the cupboard. It contains some batteries.</message> <!-- assigns is a list of operations performed on variables when the action succeeds --> <assigns> <assign operation="set" value="1">cupboard_open</assign> </assigns> </action> <action> <requirements> <require operation="equal" value="1">cupboard_open</require> </requirements> <command>CLOSE</command> <failMessage>The cupboard is already closed.</failMessage> <message>You closed the cupboard./message> <assigns> <assign operation="set" value="0">cupboard_open</assign> </assigns> </action> </actions> </object> <object> <name>Batteries</name> <displayName>Batteries</displayName> <!-- by setting inventory to non-zero, we can put it in our bag --> <inventory>1</inventory> <actions> <action> <requirements> <require operation="equal" value="1">cupboard_open</require> </requirements> <command>GET</command> <!-- failMessage isn't required here, it'll just show the usual "You can't see any <blank>." message --> <message>You picked up the batteries.</message> </action> </actions> </object> </objects> </level> Obviously there'd need to be more to it than this. Interaction with people and enemies as well as death and completion are necessary additions. Since the XML is quite difficult to work with, I'd probably create some sort of world editor. I'd like to know if this method has any downfalls, and if there's a "better" or more standard way of doing it.

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  • How AlphaBlend Blendstate works in XNA when accumulighting light into a RenderTarget?

    - by cubrman
    I am using a Deferred Rendering engine from Catalin Zima's tutorial: His lighting shader returns the color of the light in the rgb channels and the specular component in the alpha channel. Here is how light gets accumulated: Game.GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(LightRT); Game.GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Transparent); Game.GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.AlphaBlend; // Continuously draw 3d spheres with lighting pixel shader. ... Game.GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque; MSDN states that AlphaBlend field of the BlendState class uses the next formula for alphablending: (source × Blend.SourceAlpha) + (destination × Blend.InvSourceAlpha), where "source" is the color of the pixel returned by the shader and "destination" is the color of the pixel in the rendertarget. My question is why do my colors are accumulated correctly in the Light rendertarget even when the new pixels' alphas equal zero? As a quick sanity check I ran the following code in the light's pixel shader: float specularLight = 0; float4 light4 = attenuation * lightIntensity * float4(diffuseLight.rgb,specularLight); if (light4.a == 0) light4 = 0; return light4; This prevents lighting from getting accumulated and, subsequently, drawn on the screen. But when I do the following: float specularLight = 0; float4 light4 = attenuation * lightIntensity * float4(diffuseLight.rgb,specularLight); return light4; The light is accumulated and drawn exactly where it needs to be. What am I missing? According to the formula above: (source x 0) + (destination x 1) should equal destination, so the "LightRT" rendertarget must not change when I draw light spheres into it! It feels like the GPU is using the Additive blend instead: (source × Blend.One) + (destination × Blend.One)

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  • How AlphaBlend Blendstate works in XNA 4 when accumulighting light into a RenderTarget?

    - by cubrman
    I am using a Deferred Rendering engine from Catalin Zima's tutorial: His lighting shader returns the color of the light in the rgb channels and the specular component in the alpha channel. Here is how light gets accumulated: Game.GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(LightRT); Game.GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Transparent); Game.GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.AlphaBlend; // Continuously draw 3d spheres with lighting pixel shader. ... Game.GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque; MSDN states that AlphaBlend field of the BlendState class uses the next formula for alphablending: (source × Blend.SourceAlpha) + (destination × Blend.InvSourceAlpha), where "source" is the color of the pixel returned by the shader and "destination" is the color of the pixel in the rendertarget. My question is why do my colors are accumulated correctly in the Light rendertarget even when the new pixels' alphas equal zero? As a quick sanity check I ran the following code in the light's pixel shader: float specularLight = 0; float4 light4 = attenuation * lightIntensity * float4(diffuseLight.rgb,specularLight); if (light4.a == 0) light4 = 0; return light4; This prevents lighting from getting accumulated and, subsequently, drawn on the screen. But when I do the following: float specularLight = 0; float4 light4 = attenuation * lightIntensity * float4(diffuseLight.rgb,specularLight); return light4; The light is accumulated and drawn exactly where it needs to be. What am I missing? According to the formula above: (source x 0) + (destination x 1) should equal destination, so the "LightRT" rendertarget must not change when I draw light spheres into it! It feels like the GPU is using the Additive blend instead: (source × Blend.One) + (destination × Blend.One)

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  • Logic that can traverse all possible layouts, but not checking every combination of identical pieces?

    - by George Bailey
    Suppose we have a grid of arbitrary size, which is filled by blocks of various widths and heights. There are many 2x2 blocks (meaning they take a total of 4 cells in the grid) and many 3x3 blocks, as well as some 5x4, 4x5, 2x3, etc. I was hoping I could set up a program that would look at all possible layouts, and rank them, and find the best one. Simply it would look at all possible positions of these blocks, and see what setup is the best rank. (the rank based on how many of these can be connected by a roadway system of 1x1 road blocks, and how many squares can be left empty after this is done. - wanting to fit the most blocks as possible with the least roads.) My question, is how should I traverse all the possibilities? I could take all the blocks and try them one at a time, but since all 2x2 blocks are equal, and there are a couple dozen of them, there is no point in trying every combination there, as in the following AA BBB AA BBB CCBBB CCEEE DD EEE DD EEE is exactly the same as CC EEE CC EEE AAEEE AABBB DD BBB DD BBB You notice that there are 2 3x3 blocks and 3 2x2 blocks in my two examples. Based on the model I have now, the computer would try both of these combinations, as well as many others. The problem is that it is going to try every single possible variation of my couple dozen 2x2 blocks. And that is sorely inefficient. Is there a reasonable way to take out this duplicated work, somehow getting the computer program to treat all 2x2 blocks as equal/identical, instead of one requiring rearranging/swapping of these identical blocks? Can this be done?

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  • Knowing state of game in real time

    - by evthim
    I'm trying to code a tic tac toe game in java and I need help figuring out how to efficiently and without freezing the program check if someone won the game. I'm only in the design stages now, I haven't started programming anything but I'm wondering how would I know at all times the state of the game and exactly when someone wins? Response to MarkR: (note: had to place comment here, it was too long for comment section) It's not a homework problem, I'm trying to get more practice programming GUI's which I've only done once as a freshman in my second introductory programming course. I understand I'll have a 2D array. I plan to have a 2D integer array where x would equal 1 and o would equal 0. However, won't it take too much time if I check after every move if someone won the game? Is there a way or a data structure or algorithm I can use so that the program will know the state (when I say state I mean not just knowing every position on the board, the int array will take care of that, I mean knowing that user 1 will win if he places x on this block) of the game at all times and thus can know automatically when someone won?

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  • how to architect this to make it unit testable

    - by SOfanatic
    I'm currently working on a project where I'm receiving an object via web service (WSDL). The overall process is the following: Receive object - add/delete/update parts (or all) of it - and return the object with the changes made. The thing is that sometimes these changes are complicated and there is some logic involved, other databases, other web services, etc. so to facilitate this I'm creating a custom object that mimics the original one but has some enhanced functionality to make some things easier. So I'm trying to have this process: Receive original object - convert/copy it to custom object - add/delete/update - convert/copy it back to original object - return original object. Example: public class Row { public List<Field> Fields { get; set; } public string RowId { get; set; } public Row() { this.Fields = new List<Field>(); } } public class Field { public string Number { get; set; } public string Value { get; set; } } So for example, one of the "actions" to perform on this would be to find all Fields in a Row that match a Value equal to something, and update them with some other value. I have a CustomRow class that represents the Row class, how can I make this class unit testable? Do I have to create an interface ICustomRow to mock it in the unit test? If one of the actions is to sum all of the Values in the Fields that have a Number equal to 10, like this function, how can design the custom class to facilitate unit tests. Sample function: public int Sum(FieldNumber number) { return row.Fields.Where(x => x.FieldNumber.Equals(number)).Sum(x => x.FieldValue); } Am I approaching this the wrong way?

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  • How can I assert from Python C code?

    - by Joe
    I'm writing a Python class in C and I want to put assertions in my debug code. assert.h suits me fine. This only gets put in debug compiles so there's no chance of an assert failure impacting a user of the Python code*. I'm trying to divide my 'library' code (which should be separate to the code linked against Python) so I can use it from other C code. My Python methods are therefore thinnish wrappers around my pure-C code. So I can't do this in my 'library' code: if (black == white) { PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "Remap failed"); } because this pollutes my pure-C code with Python. It's also far uglier than a simple assert(black != white); I believe that the Distutils compiler always sets NDEBUG, which means I can't use assert.h even in debug builds. Mac OS and Linux. Help! *one argument I've heard against asserting in C code called from Python.

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  • Can you use the Phoenix compiler as a more powerful NGEN?

    - by TraumaPony
    In case you don't know of Phoenix, it's a compiler framework from Microsoft that's apparantly going to be the foundation of all their new compilers. It can read in code from CIL, x86, x64, and IA64; and emit code in x86, x64, IA64, or CIL. Can I use it to transform a pure .Net app into a pure native app? By which I mean, it will not have to load any .Net .dll (not even mscoree), and will have the same semantics? This is excluding Reflection, of course.

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  • Objective-C Pointer to class that implements a protocol

    - by Winder
    I have three classes which implement the same protocol, and have the same parent class which doesn't implement the protocol. Normally I would have the protocol as pure virtual functions in the parent class but I couldn't find an Objective-C way to do that. How can I utilize polymorphism on these subclasses and call the functions implemented in the protocol without warnings? Some pseudocode if that didn't make sense: @interface superclass: NSObject {} @interface child1: superclass<MyProtocol> {} @interface child2: superclass<MyProtocol> {} The consumer of these classes: @class child1 @class child2 @class superclass @interface SomeViewController: UIViewController { child1 *oneView; child2 *otherView; superclass *currentView; } -(void) someMethod { [currentView protocolFunction]; } The only nice way I've found to do pure virtual functions in Objective-C is a hack by putting [self doesNotRecognizeSelector:_cmd]; in the parent class, but it isn't ideal.

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  • EJB3 with Spring

    - by fish
    I have understood that if I use EJB in Spring context, I get all the same benefits as if I was using it in "pure" EJB3 environment, is this true? I have googled but can't find a definitive, clear answer. For example, let's say I have a session bean that updates some tables in the database and it throws a System Exception. In "pure" EJB3 environment the transaction is rolled back. What if I for example @Autowire this bean using Spring, does Spring take care of the transaction handling same way as does the EJB3 container? Or what? Does it maybe require some specific configuration or is it fully "automatic"?

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  • The speed of .NET in numerical computing

    - by Yin Zhu
    In my experience, .net is 2 to 3 times slower than native code. (I implemented L-BFGS for multivariate optimization). I have traced the ads on stackoverflow to http://www.centerspace.net/products/ the speed is really amazing, the speed is close to native code. How can they do that? They said that: Q. Is NMath "pure" .NET? A. The answer depends somewhat on your definition of "pure .NET". NMath is written in C#, plus a small Managed C++ layer. For better performance of basic linear algebra operations, however, NMath does rely on the native Intel Math Kernel Library (included with NMath). But there are no COM components, no DLLs--just .NET assemblies. Also, all memory allocated in the Managed C++ layer and used by native code is allocated from the managed heap. Can someone explain more to me? Thanks!

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  • Multithreading in Lua

    - by RCIX
    I was having a discussion with my friend the other day. I was saying how that, in pure Lua, you couldn't build a preemptive multitasking system. He claims you can, because of the following reason: Both C and Lua have no inbuilt threading libraries [OP's note: well, Lua technically does, but AFAIK it's not useful for our purposes]. Windows, which is written in mostly C(++) has pre-emptive multitasking, which they built from scratch. Therefore, you should be able to do the same in Lua. The big problem i see with that is that the main way preemptive multitasking works (to my knowledge) is that it generates regular interrupts which the manager uses to get control and determine what code it should be working on next. I also don't think Lua has any facility that can do that. My question is: is it possible to write a pure-Lua library that allows people to have pre-emptive multitasking?

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  • ORM solutions (JPA; Hibernate) vs. JDBC

    - by Grasper
    I need to be able to insert/update objects at a consistent rate of at least 8000 objects every 5 seconds in an in-memory HSQL database. I have done some comparison performance testing between Spring/Hibernate/JPA and pure JDBC. I have found a significant difference in performance using HSQL.. With Spring/Hib/JPA, I can insert 3000-4000 of my 1.5 KB objects (with a One-Many and a Many-Many relationship) in 5 seconds, while with direct JDBC calls I can insert 10,000-12,000 of those same objects. I cannot figure out why there is such a huge discrepancy. I have tweaked the Spring/Hib/JPA settings a lot trying to get close in performance without luck. I want to use Spring/Hib/JPA for future purposes, expandability, and because the foreign key relationships (one-many and many-many) are difficult to maintain by hand; but the performance requirements seem to point towards using pure JDBC. Any ideas of why there would be such a huge discrepancy?

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  • Alternative to c++ static virtual methods

    - by Jaime Pardos
    In C++ is not possible to declare a static virtual function, neither cast a non-static function to a C style function pointer. Now, I have a plain ol' C SDK that uses function pointers heavily. I have to fill a structure with several function pointers. I was planning to use an abstract class with a bunch of static pure virtual methods, and redefine them in derived classes and fill the structure with them. It wasn't until then that I realized that static virtual are not allowed in C++. Is there any good alternative? The best I can think of is defining some pure virtual methods GetFuncA(), GetFuncB(),... and some static members FuncA()/FuncB() in each derived class, which would be returned by the GetFuncX(). Then a function in the abstract class would call those functions to get the pointers and fill the structure.

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