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  • XNA - 2D Tile Lighting

    - by Cyral
    Im adding lighting to my 2D Tile based game. I found the link http://blog.josack.com/2011/07/xna-2d-dynamic-lighting.html useful, but the way its done it dosent support collision. What Id like is some help or links as I want one that can have -always lit up light points -collision (If the light ray hits a block, then dim the next block by whatever amount until its dark) Im a noob at this stuff, but ive been searching around for quite a while but no luck (I did find Catalin's tutorial, but it seemed abit advanced for me)

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  • How to determine which enemy is hit and destroy it alone

    - by Jon Ferriter
    http://jsfiddle.net/5DB6K/ I have this game being made where you shoot enemies from the sides of the screen. I've got the bullets moving and being removed when they reach the end of the screen (if they didn't hit any enemy) and removing the enemy when they collide with it. //------------collision----------------// if(shot === true){ bulletY = $('.bullet').position().top + 2; bulletX = $('.bullet').position().left + 2; $('.enemy').each(function(){ if($('.enemy').hasClass('smallEnemy')){ enemyY = $(this).position().top + 7; enemyX = $(this).position().left + 7; if(Math.abs(bulletY - enemyY) <= 9 && Math.abs(bulletX - enemyX) <=9){ $(this).remove(); score = score + 40; bulletDestroy(); } } }); } However, the bullet destroys every enemy if the collision check is right which isn't what I want. I want to check if the enemy has the class of either smallEnemy, medEnemy, or lrgEnemy and then do the collision check which is what I thought I had but it doesn't seem to work. Also, the game starts to lag the more and more time goes on. Would anyone know the reason for that?

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  • collsion issues with quadtree [on hold]

    - by QuantumGamer
    So i implemented a Quad tree in Java for my 2D game and everything works fine except for when i run my collision detection algorithm, which checks if a object has hit another object and which side it hit.My problem is 80% of the time the collision algorithm works but sometimes the objects just go through each other. Here is my method: private void checkBulletCollision(ArrayList object) { quad.clear(); // quad is the quadtree object for(int i=0; i < object.size();i++){ if(object.get(i).getId() == ObjectId.Bullet) // inserts the object into quadtree quad.insert((Bullet)object.get(i)); } ArrayList<GameObject> returnObjects = new ArrayList<>(); // Uses Quadtree to determine to calculate how many // other bullets it can collide with for(int i=0; i < object.size(); i++){ returnObjects.clear(); if(object.get(i).getId() == ObjectId.Bullet){ quad.retrieve(returnObjects, object.get(i).getBoundsAll()); for(int k=0; k < returnObjects.size(); k++){ Bullet bullet = (Bullet) returnObjects.get(k); if(getBoundsTop().intersects(bullet.getBoundsBottom())){ vy = speed; bullet.vy = -speed; } if(getBoundsBottom().intersects(bullet.getBoundsTop())){ vy = -speed; bullet.vy = speed; } if(getBoundsLeft().intersects(bullet.getBoundsRight())){ vx =speed; bullet.vx = -speed; } if(getBoundsRight().intersects(bullet.getBoundsLeft())){ vx = -speed; bullet.vx = speed; } } } } } Any help would be appreciated. Thanks in advance.

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  • How to properly scroll a 2D tilemap?

    - by Sri Harsha Chilakapati
    Hello and I'm trying to make my own game engine in Java. I have completed all the necessary ones but I can't figure it out with the TileGame class. It just can't scroll. Also there are no exceptions. Here I'm listing the code. TileGame.java @Override public void draw(Graphics2D g) { if (back!=null){ back.render(g); } if (follower!=null){ follower.render(g); follower.draw(g); } for (int i=0; i<actors.size(); i++){ Actor actor = actors.get(i); if (actor!=follower&&getVisibleRect().intersects(actor.getBounds())){ g.drawImage(actor.getAnimation().getFrameImage(), actor.x - OffSetX, actor.y - OffSetY, null); actor.draw(g); } } } /** * This method returns the visible rectangle * @return The visible rectangle */ public Rectangle getVisibleRect(){ return new Rectangle(OffSetX, OffSetY, global.WIDTH, global.HEIGHT); } @Override public void update(){ if (follower!=null){ if (scrollHorizontally){ OffSetX = global.WIDTH/2 - Math.round((float)follower.x) - tileSize; OffSetX = Math.min(OffSetX, 0); OffSetX = Math.max(OffSetX, global.WIDTH - mapWidth); } if (scrollVertically){ OffSetY = global.HEIGHT/2 - Math.round((float)follower.y) - tileSize; OffSetY = Math.min(OffSetY, 0); OffSetY = Math.max(OffSetY, global.HEIGHT - mapHeight); } } for (int i=0; i<actors.size(); i++){ Actor actor1 = actors.get(i); if (getVisibleRect().contains(actor1.x, actor1.y)){ actor1.update(); for (int j=0; j<actors.size(); j++){ Actor actor2 = actors.get(j); if (actor1.isCollidingWith(actor2)){ actor1.collision(actor2); actor2.collision(actor1); } } } } } but the problem is that all the actors are working, but it just won't scroll. Help Please.. Thanks in Advance.

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  • AS3: StageWidth for BOX2D?

    - by Gabriel Meono
    I know BOX2D uses meters, and AS3 uses pixels. I'm trying to create objects which are limited to the stageWidth. If I do this variable: for (var i:int = 0; i<(stage.stageWidth); i++){...} The animation will freeze, and this output appears: TypeError: Error #1009: Cannot access a property or method of a null object reference. at Box2D.Collision::b2BroadPhase/CreateProxy() at Box2D.Collision.Shapes::b2Shape/CreateProxy() at Box2D.Dynamics::b2Body/CreateShape() at com.actionsnippet.qbox.objects::CircleObject/build() at com.actionsnippet.qbox::QuickObject/init() at com.actionsnippet.qbox::QuickObject() at com.actionsnippet.qbox.objects::CircleObject() at com.actionsnippet.qbox::QuickBox2D/create() at com.actionsnippet.qbox::QuickBox2D/addCircle() at BOX2D_Test_Tutorial_fla::MainTimeline/frame1() Does anyone know how to fix this? Full Code: [SWF(width = 350, height = 600, frameRate = 60)] import com.actionsnippet.qbox.*; var sim:QuickBox2D = new QuickBox2D(this); sim.createStageWalls(); // make a heavy circle sim.addCircle({x:3, y:3, radius:0.4, density:1}); // create a few platforms // make pins for (var i:int = 0; i<(stage.stageWidth); i++){ //End sim.addCircle({x:1 + i * 1.5, y:18, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:2 + i * 1.5, y:17, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:1 + i * 1.5, y:16, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:2 + i * 1.5, y:15, radius:0.1, density:0}); //Mid end sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:14, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:13, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:12, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:11, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:10, radius:0.1, density:0}); } sim.start(); sim.mouseDrag();

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  • 45° Slopes in a Tile based 2D platformer

    - by xNidhogg
    I want to have simple 45° slopes in my tile based platformer, however I just cant seem to get the algorithm down. Please take a look at the code and video, maybe I'm missing the obvious? //collisionRectangle is the collision rectangle of the player with //origin at the top left and width and height //wantedPosition is the new position the player will be set to. //this is determined elsewhere by checking the bottom center point of the players rect if(_leftSlope || _rightSlope) { //Test bottom center point var calculationPoint = new Vector2(collisionRectangle.Center.X, collisionRectangle.Bottom); //Get the collision rectangle of the tile, origin is top-left Rectangle cellRect = _tileMap.CellWorldRectangle( _tileMap.GetCellByPixel(calculationPoint)); //Calculate the new Y coordinate depending on if its a left or right slope //CellSize = 8 float newY = _leftSlope ? (calculationPoint.X % CellSize) + cellRect.Y : (-1 * (calculationPoint.X % CellSize) - CellSize) + cellRect.Y; //reset variables so we dont jump in here next frame _leftSlope = false; _rightSlope = false; //now change the players Y according to the difference of our calculation wantedPosition.Y += newY - calculationPoint.Y; } Video of what it looks like: http://youtu.be/EKOWgD2muoc

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  • Edge Detection on Screen

    - by user2056745
    I have a edge collision problem with a simple game that i am developing. Its about throwing a coin across the screen. I am using the code below to detect edge collisions so i can make the coin bounce from the edges of the screen. Everything works as i want except one case. When the coin hits left edge and goes to right edge the system doesnt detect the collision. The rest cases are working perfectly, like hitting the right edge first and then the left edge. Can someone suggest a solution for it? public void onMove(float dx, float dy) { coinX += dx; coinY += dy; if (coinX > rightBorder) { coinX = ((rightBorder - coinX) / 3) + rightBorder; } if (coinX < leftBorder) { coinX = -(coinX) / 3; } if (coinY > bottomBorder) { coinY = ((bottomBorder - coinY) / 3) + bottomBorder; } invalidate(); }

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  • Sprite and Physics components or sub-components?

    - by ashes999
    I'm taking my first dive into creating a very simple entity framework. The key concepts (classes) are: Entity (has 0+ components, can return components by type) SpriteEntity (everything you need to draw on screen, including lighting info) PhysicsEntity (velocity, acceleration, collision detection) I started out with physics notions in my sprite component, and then later removed them to a sub-component. The separation of concerns makes sense; a sprite is enough information to draw anything (X, Y, width, height, lighting, etc.) and physics piggybacks (uses the parent sprite to get X/Y/W/H) while adding physics notions of velocity and collisions. The problem is that I would like collisions to be on an entity level -- meaning "no matter what your representation is (be it sprites, text, or something else), collide against this entity." So I refactored and redirected collision handling from entities to sprite.physics, while mapping and returning the right entity on physics collisions. The problem is that writing code like this.GetComponent<SpriteComponent>().physics is a violation of abstraction. Which made me think (this is the TLDR): should I keep physics as a separate component from sprites, or a sub-component, or something else? How should I share data and separate concerns?

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  • I can't scroll my tilemap ... HELP!

    - by Sri Harsha Chilakapati
    Hello and I'm trying to make my own game engine in Java. I have completed all the necessary ones but I can't figure it out with the TileGame class. It just can't scroll. Also there are no exceptions. Here I'm listing the code. TileGame.java @Override public void draw(Graphics2D g) { if (back!=null){ back.render(g); } if (follower!=null){ follower.render(g); follower.draw(g); } for (int i=0; i<actors.size(); i++){ Actor actor = actors.get(i); if (actor!=follower&&getVisibleRect().intersects(actor.getBounds())){ g.drawImage(actor.getAnimation().getFrameImage(), actor.x - OffSetX, actor.y - OffSetY, null); actor.draw(g); } } } /** * This method returns the visible rectangle * @return The visible rectangle */ public Rectangle getVisibleRect(){ return new Rectangle(OffSetX, OffSetY, global.WIDTH, global.HEIGHT); } @Override public void update(){ if (follower!=null){ if (scrollHorizontally){ OffSetX = global.WIDTH/2 - Math.round((float)follower.x) - tileSize; OffSetX = Math.min(OffSetX, 0); OffSetX = Math.max(OffSetX, global.WIDTH - mapWidth); } if (scrollVertically){ OffSetY = global.HEIGHT/2 - Math.round((float)follower.y) - tileSize; OffSetY = Math.min(OffSetY, 0); OffSetY = Math.max(OffSetY, global.HEIGHT - mapHeight); } } for (int i=0; i<actors.size(); i++){ Actor actor1 = actors.get(i); if (getVisibleRect().contains(actor1.x, actor1.y)){ actor1.update(); for (int j=0; j<actors.size(); j++){ Actor actor2 = actors.get(j); if (actor1.isCollidingWith(actor2)){ actor1.collision(actor2); actor2.collision(actor1); } } } } } but the problem is that all the actors are working, but it just won't scroll. Help Please.. Thanks in Advance.

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  • Box2d - Attaching a fired arrow to a moving enemy

    - by Satchmo Brown
    I am firing an arrow from the player to moving enemies. When the arrow hits the enemy, I want it to attach exactly where it hit and cause the enemy (a square) to tumble to the ground. Excluding the logistics of the movement and the spin (it already works), I am stuck on the attaching of the two bodies. I tried to weld them together initially but when they fell, they rotated in opposite directions. I have figured that a revolute joint is probably what I am after. The problem is that I can't figure out a way to attach them right where they collide. Using code from iforce2d: b2RevoluteJointDef revoluteJointDef; revoluteJointDef.bodyA = m_body; revoluteJointDef.bodyB = m_e->m_body; revoluteJointDef.collideConnected = true; revoluteJointDef.localAnchorA.Set(0,0);//the top right corner of the box revoluteJointDef.localAnchorB.Set(0,0);//center of the circle b2RevoluteJoint m_joint = *(b2RevoluteJoint*)m_game->m_world->CreateJoint( &revoluteJointDef ); m_body->SetLinearVelocity(m_e->m_body->GetLinearVelocity()); This attaches them but in the center of both of their points. Does anyone know how I would go about getting the exact point of collision so I can link these? Is this even the right method of doing this? Update: I have the exact point of collision. But I still am not sure this is even the method I want to go about this. Really, I just want to attach body A to B and have body B unaffected in any way.

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  • Level editor event system, how to translate event to game action

    - by Martino Wullems
    Hello, I've been busy trying to create a level editor for a tile based game i'm working on. It's all going pretty fine, the only thing i'm having trouble with is creating a simple event system. Let's say the player steps on a particulair tile that had the action "teleport" assigned to it in the editor. The teleport string is saved in the tile object as a variable. When creating the tilegrid an actionmanager class scans the action variable and assigns actions to the variable. public static class ActionManager { public static function ParseTileAction(tile:Tile) { switch(tile.action) { case "TELEPORT": //assign action here break; } } } Now this is an collision event, so I guess I should also provide an object to colide with the tile. But what if it would have to count for collision with all objects in the world? Also, checking for collisions in the actionmanager class doesn't seem very efficient. Am I even on the right track here? I'm new to game design so I could be completly off track. Any tips on how handeling and creating events using an editor is usually done would be great. The main problem i'm having is the Thanks in advance.

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  • HTML5 game engine for a 2D or 2.5D RPG style "map walk"

    - by stargazer
    please help me to choose a HTML5 game engine or Javascript libraries I want to do the following in the game: when the game starts a part the huge map (full size of the map: about 7 screens) is shown. The map itself is completely designed in the editor mapeditor.org (or in some comparable editor - if you know a good alternative to mapeditor.org - let me know) and loaded at runtime or at design time. The game engine should support loading of isometric maps (well, in worst case only orthogonal maps will be sufficient) both "tile layer" and "object layer" from mapeditor.org should be supported. Scrolling/performance of this map should be fast enough. The map and the game should be either in 2D (orthogonal map) or in 2.5D (isometric map) The game engine should support movement of sprites with animation. Let say I have a sprite for "human" with animation sequences showing "walking" in 8 directions - it should be imported into game engine and should "walk" on the map without writing a lot of Javascript code. Automatic scrolling of the map the "human" nears the screen border. Collision detection, "solid" objects. The mapeditor.org supports properies on tiles. Let say I assign a "solid" property to some tiles in editor. It should be easy to check this "solid" property in the game engine and implement kind of "solid" behavior, so the animanted sprites do not walk through the walls. Collision detection - it should be easy to implement some custom functionality like "when sprite A is close to sprite B - call this function" Showing "dialogs" or popup windows on top of the map - should be easy to implement. Cross-browser audio support - (it is implemented quite well in construct 2 from scirra, so I'm looking for the comparable audio quality) The game itself is a king of RPG but without fighting scenes and without huge "inventory". The main character just walking on the map, discovers some things, there are dialogs and sounds. The functionality of this example from sprite.js http://batiste.dosimple.ch/sprite.js/tests/mapeditor/map_reader.html is very close to what I'm developing. But I'm not a Javascript guru (and a very lazy guy) and would like to write even less Javascript code as in the example...

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  • How can I move a polygon edge 1 unit away from the center?

    - by Stephen
    Let's say I have a polygon class that is represented by a list of vector classes as vertices, like so: var Vector = function(x, y) { this.x = x; this.y = y; }, Polygon = function(vectors) { this.vertices = vectors; }; Now I make a polygon (in this case, a square) like so: var poly = new Polygon([ new Vector(2, 2), new Vector(5, 2), new Vector(5, 5), new Vector(2, 5) ]); So, the top edge would be [poly.vertices[0], poly.vertices[1]]. I need to stretch this polygon by moving each edge away from the center of the polygon by one unit, along that edge's normal. The following example shows the first edge, the top, moved one unit up: The final polygon should look like this new one: var finalPoly = new Polygon([ new Vector(1, 1), new Vector(6, 1), new Vector(6, 6), new Vector(1, 6) ]); It is important that I iterate, moving one edge at a time, because I will be doing some collision tests after moving each edge. Here is what I tried so far (simplified for clarity), which fails triumphantly: for(var i = 0; i < vertices.length; i++) { var a = vertices[i], b = vertices[i + 1] || vertices[0]; // in case of final vertex var ax = a.x, ay = a.y, bx = b.x, by = b.y; // get some new perpendicular vectors var a2 = new Vector(-ay, ax), b2 = new Vector(-by, bx); // make into unit vectors a2.convertToUnitVector(); b2.convertToUnitVector(); // add the new vectors to the original ones a.add(a2); b.add(b2); // the rest of the code, collision tests, etc. } This makes my polygon start slowly rotating and sliding to the left, instead of what I need. Finally, the example shows a square, but the polygons in question could be anything. They will always be convex, and always with vertices in clockwise order.

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  • XNA C# Platformer - physics engine or tile based?

    - by Hugh
    I would like to get some opinions on whether i should develop my game using a physics engine (farseer physics seems to be the best option) or follow the traditional tile-based method. Quick background: - its a college project, my first game, but have 4 years academic programming experience - Just want a basic platformer with a few levels, nothing fancy - want a shooting mechanic, run and gun, just like contra or metal slug for example - possibly some simple puzzles I have made a basic prototype with farseer, the level is hardcoded with collisions and not really tiled, more like big full-screen sized tiles, with collision bodies drawn manually along the ground and walls etc. My main problem is i want a simple retro feel to the jumping and physics but because its a physics simulation engine its going to be realistic, whereas typical in air controllable physics for platformers arent realistic. I have to make a box with wheel body fixture under it to have this effect and its glitchy and doesnt feel right. I chose to use a physics engine because i tried the tile method initially and found it very hard to understand, the engine took care of alot things to save me time, mainly being able to do slopes easily was nice and the freedom to draw collision bounds wherever i liked, rather then restricted to a grid, which gave me more freedom for art design also. In conclusion i don't know which method to pick, i want to use a method which will be the most straight forward way to implement and wont give me a headache later on, preferably a method which has an abundance of tutorials and resources so i dont get "stuck" doing something which has been done a million times before! Let me know i haven't provided enough information for you to help me! Thanks in advance, Hugh.

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  • libgdx intersection problem between rectangle and circle

    - by Chris
    My collision detection in libgdx is somehow buggy. player.png is 20*80px and ball.png 25*25px. Code: @Override public void create() { // ... batch = new SpriteBatch(); playerTex = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("data/player.png")); ballTex = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("data/ball.png")); player = new Rectangle(); player.width = 20; player.height = 80; player.x = Gdx.graphics.getWidth() - player.width - 10; player.y = 300; ball = new Circle(); ball.x = Gdx.graphics.getWidth() / 2; ball.y = Gdx.graphics.getHeight() / 2; ball.radius = ballTex.getWidth() / 2; } @Override public void render() { Gdx.gl.glClearColor(1, 1, 1, 1); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); camera.update(); // draw player, ball batch.setProjectionMatrix(camera.combined); batch.begin(); batch.draw(ballTex, ball.x, ball.y); batch.draw(playerTex, player.x, player.y); batch.end(); // update player position if(Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Keys.DOWN)) player.y -= 250 * Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime(); if(Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Keys.UP)) player.y += 250 * Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime(); if(Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Keys.LEFT)) player.x -= 250 * Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime(); if(Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Keys.RIGHT)) player.x += 250 * Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime(); // don't let the player leave the field if(player.y < 0) player.y = 0; if(player.y > 600 - 80) player.y = 600 - 80; // check collision if (Intersector.overlaps(ball, player)) Gdx.app.log("overlaps", "yes"); }

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  • Bomberman clone, how to do bombs?

    - by hustlerinc
    I'm playing around with a bomberman clone to learn game-developement. So far I've done tiles, movement, collision detection, and item pickup. I also have pseudo bombplacing (just graphics and collision, no real functionality). I've made a jsFiddle of the game with the functionality I currently have. The code in the fiddle is very ugly though. Scroll past the map and you find how I place bombs. Anyway, what I would like to do is an object, that has the general information about bombs like: function Bomb(){ this.radius = player.bombRadius; this.placeBomb = function (){ if(player.bombs != 0){ // place bomb } } this.explosion = function (){ // Explosion } } I don't really know how to fit it into the code though. Everytime I place a bomb, do I do var bomb = new Bomb(); or do i need to constantly have that in the script to be able to access it. How does the bomb do damage? Is it as simple as doing X,Y in all directions until radius runs out or object stops it? Can I use something like setTimeout(bomb.explosion, 3000) as timer? Any help is appreciated, be it a simple explanation of the theory or code examples based on the fiddle. When I tried the object way it breaks the code.

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  • Data structure for bubble shooter game

    - by SundayMonday
    I'm starting to make a bubble shooter game for a mobile OS. Assume this is just the basic "three or more same-color bubbles that touch pop" and all bubbles that are separated from their group fall/pop. What data structures are common for storing the bubbles? I've considered using an undirected, connected graph where each node is a bubble. This seems like it could help answer the question "which bubbles (if any) should fall now?" after some arbitrary bubbles are popped and corresponding nodes are removed from the graph. I think the answer is all bubbles that were just disconnected from the graph should fall. However the graph approach might be overkill so I'm not sure. Another consideration for the data structure is collision detection. Perhaps being able to grab a list of neighboring bubbles in constant time for a particular "bubble slot" is useful. So the collision detection would be something like "moving bubble is closest to slot ij, neighbors of slot ij are bubbles a,b,c, moving bubble is sufficiently close to bubble b hence moving bubble should come to rest in slot ij". A game like this could be probably be made with a relatively crude grid structure as the primary data structure. However it seems like answering "which bubbles (if any) should fall now?" would be trickier with this data structure.

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  • Scene graphs and spatial partitioning structures: What do you really need?

    - by tapirath
    I've been fiddling with 2D games for awhile and I'm trying to go into 3D game development. I thought I should get my basics right first. From what I read scene graphs hold your game objects/entities and their relation to each other like 'a tire' would be the child of 'a vehicle'. It's mainly used for frustum/occlusion culling and minimizing the collision checks between the objects. Spatial partitioning structures on the other hand are used to divide a big game object (like the map) to smaller parts so that you can gain performance by only drawing the relevant polygons and again minimizing the collision checks to those polygons only. Also a spatial partitioning data structure can be used as a node in a scene graph. But... I've been reading about both subjects and I've seen a lot of "scene graphs are useless" and "BSP performance gain is irrelevant with modern hardware" kind of articles. Also some of the game engines I've checked like gameplay3d and jmonkeyengine are only using a scene graph (That also may be because they don't want to limit the developers). Whereas games like Quake and Half-Life only use spatial partitioning. I'm aware that the usage of these structures very much depend on the type of the game you're developing so for the sake of clarity let's assume the game is a FPS like Counter-Strike with some better outdoor environment capabilities (like a terrain). The obvious question is which one is needed and why (considering the modern hardware capabilities). Thank you.

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  • Working with lots of cubes. Improving performance?

    - by Randomman159
    Edit: To sum the question up, I have a voxel based world (Minecraft style (Thanks Communist Duck)) which is suffering from poor performance. I am not positive on the source but would like any possible advice on how to get rid of it. I am working on a project where a world consists of a large quantity of cubes (I would give you a number, but it is user defined worlds). My test one is around (48 x 32 x 48) blocks. Basically these blocks don't do anything in themselves. They just sit there. They start being used when it comes to player interaction. I need to check what cubes the users mouse interacts with (mouse over, clicking, etc.), and for collision detecting as the player moves. Now I had a massive amount of lag at first, looping through every block. I have managed to decrease that lag, by looping through all the blocks, and finding which blocks are within a particular range of the character, and then only looping through those blocks for the collision detection, etc. However, I am still going at a depressing 2fps. Does anyone have any other ideas on how I could decrease this lag? Btw, I am using XNA (C#) and yes, it is 3d.

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  • Tile sizes in 2D games

    - by Ephismen
    While developing a small game using tile-mapping method a question came to my mind: I would develop the game on Windows but wouldn't exclude adapting it to another platform. What size(in pixels) would you recommend using for creating the tiles of a tile-mapped game(ie: RPG) with the following requirements? Have an acceptable level of detail without having too many tiles. Having a decent map size. Allow adaptation of the game on a handheld(ie: PSP), smartphone or a computer without too much loss of detail or slowdowns. Allow more or less important zoom-in / zoom-out. Have a resolution of tile that permits either pixel-perfect collision or block-collision. Anything from a good explanation to a game example is useful as long as it can fit the requirements. This question may seem a bit simplistic, but I noticed that many Indies game developer were using inappropriate scales scenery. Also sorry for the poor syntax and the lack of vocabulary of my question, being a non-native English speaker doesn't help when talking about computers programming.

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  • colliding btRigidBody objects behave strangely when moving slowly

    - by Piku
    I'm trying to use Bullet Physics in my iOS game. The engine appears to be correctly compiled in that the demos work fine. In my game I have the player's ship and some enemy ships. They're defined as btRigidBody objects and btCollisionObjects and I'm using btSphereShapes for collision. At 'fast' speeds, collisions appear to happen sensibly - things collide and nothing goes 'weird'. If the speeds are very slow though and the player's ship touches a non-moving object the collision happens, but then the player's ship moves at incredible speed over the next few frames and appears a long distance from where it collided - completely out of proportion to the speed it was moving before impact. To move the things around I'm using setLinearVelocity() each frame, ticking the physics engine, then using getMotionState() to update the rendering code I have. Part of the issue might be I don't quite understand how to set the correct mass or what the best speeds are to use for anything. I'm mostly sticking numbers in and seeing what happens. Should I be using Bullet in this way, and are there any guidelines for deciding on the mass of objects? (am I right in assuming that in collisions heavier objects will force lighter objects to move more)

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  • Best way to store a large amount of game objects and update the ones onscreen

    - by user3002473
    Good afternoon guys! I'm a young beginner game developer working on my first large scale game project and I've run into a situation where I'm not quite sure what the best solution may be (if there is a lone solution). The question may be vague (if anyone can think of a better title after having read the question, please edit it) or broad but I'm not quite sure what to do and I thought it would help just to discuss the problem with people more educated in the field. Before we get started, here are some of the questions I've looked at for help in the past: Best way to keep track of game objects Elegant way to simulate large amounts of entities within a game world What is the most efficient container to store dynamic game objects in? I've also read articles about different data structures commonly used in games to store game objects such as this one about slot maps, but none of them are really what I'm looking for. Also, if it helps at all I'm using Python 3 to design the game. It has to be Python 3, if I could I would use C++ or Unityscript or something else, but I'm restricted to having to use Python 3. My game will be a form of side scroller shooter game. In said game the player will traverse large rooms with large amounts of enemies and other game objects to update (think some of the larger areas in Cave Story or Iji). The player obviously can't see the entire room all at once, so there is a viewport that follows the player around and renders only a selection of the room and the game objects that it contains. This is not a foreign concept. The part that's getting me confused has to do with how certain game objects are updated. Some of them are to be updated constantly, regardless of whether or not they can be seen. Other objects however are only to be updated when they are onscreen (for example, an enemy would only be updated to react to the player when it is onscreen or when it is in a certain range of the screen). Another problem is that game objects have to be easily referable by other game objects; something that happens in the player's update() method may affect another object in the world. Collision detection in games is always a serious problem. I need a way of containing the game objects such that it minimizes the number of cases when testing for collisions against one another. The final problem is that of creating and destroying game objects. I think this problem is pretty self explanatory. To store the game objects then I've considered a number of different methods. The original method I had was to simply store all the objects in a hash table by an id. This method was simple, and decently fast as it allows all the objects to be looked up in O(1) complexity, and also allows them to be deleted fairly easily. Hash collisions would not be a major problem; I wasn't originally planning on using computer generated ids to store the game objects I was going to rely on them all using ids given to them by the game designer (such names would be strings like 'Player' or 'EnemyWeapon4'), and even if I did use computer generated ids, if I used a decent hashing algorithm then the chances of collisions would be around 1 in 4 billion. The problem with using a hash table however is that it is inefficient in checking to see what objects are in range of the viewport. Considering the fact that certain game objects move (as well as the viewport itself), the only solution I could think of in order to only update objects that are in the viewport would be to iterate through every object in the hash table and check if it is in the viewport or not, updating only the ones that are in the valid area. This would be incredibly slow in scenarios where the amount of game objects exceeds 500, or even 200. The second solution was to store everything in a 2-d list. The world is partitioned up into cells (a tilemap essentially), where each cell or tile is the same size and is square. Each cell would contain a list of the game objects that are currently occupying it (each game object would be inserted into a cell depending on the center of the object's collision mask). A 2-d list would allow me to take the top-left and bottom-right corners of the viewport and easily grab a rectangular area of the grid containing only the cells containing entities that are in valid range to be updated. This method also solves the problem of collision detection; when I take an entity I can find the cell that it is currently in, then check only against entities in it's cell and the 8 cells around it. One problem with this system however is that it prohibits easy lookup of game objects. One solution I had would be to simultaneously keep a hash table that would contain all the positions of the objects in the 2-d list indexed by the id of said object. The major problem with a 2-d list is that it would need to be rebuilt every single game frame (along with the hash table of object positions), which may be a serious detriment to game speed. Both systems have ups and downs and seem to solve some of each other's problems, however using them both together doesn't seem like the best solution either. If anyone has any thoughts, ideas, suggestions, comments, opinions or solutions on new data structures or better implementations of the existing data structures I have in mind, please post, any and all criticism and help is welcome. Thanks in advance! EDIT: Please don't close the question because it has a bad title, I'm just bad with names!

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  • Creating a new instance, C#

    - by Dave Voyles
    This sounds like a very n00b question, but bear with me here: I'm trying to access the position of my bat (paddle) in my pong game and use it in my ball class. I'm doing this because I want a particle effect to go off at the point of contact where the ball hits the bat. Each time the ball hits the bat, I receive an error stating that I haven't created an instance of the bat. I understand that I have to (or can use a static class), but I'm not sure of how to do so in this example. I've included both my Bat and Ball classes. namespace Pong { #region Using Statements using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; #endregion public class Ball { #region Fields private readonly Random rand; private readonly Texture2D texture; private readonly SoundEffect warp; private double direction; private bool isVisible; private float moveSpeed; private Vector2 position; private Vector2 resetPos; private Rectangle size; private float speed; private bool isResetting; private bool collided; private Vector2 oldPos; private ParticleEngine particleEngine; private ContentManager contentManager; private SpriteBatch spriteBatch; private bool hasHitBat; private AIBat aiBat; private Bat bat; #endregion #region Constructors and Destructors /// <summary> /// Constructor for the ball /// </summary> public Ball(ContentManager contentManager, Vector2 ScreenSize) { moveSpeed = 15f; speed = 0; texture = contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/balls/redBall"); direction = 0; size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width, texture.Height); resetPos = new Vector2(ScreenSize.X / 2, ScreenSize.Y / 2); position = resetPos; rand = new Random(); isVisible = true; hasHitBat = false; // Everything to do with particles List<Texture2D> textures = new List<Texture2D>(); textures.Add(contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/particle/circle")); textures.Add(contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/particle/star")); textures.Add(contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/particle/diamond")); particleEngine = new ParticleEngine(textures, new Vector2()); } #endregion #region Public Methods and Operators /// <summary> /// Checks for the collision between the bat and the ball. Sends ball in the appropriate /// direction /// </summary> public void BatHit(int block) { if (direction > Math.PI * 1.5f || direction < Math.PI * 0.5f) { hasHitBat = true; particleEngine.EmitterLocation = new Vector2(aiBat.Position.X, aiBat.Position.Y); switch (block) { case 1: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(200); break; case 2: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(195); break; case 3: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(180); break; case 4: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(180); break; case 5: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(165); break; } } else { hasHitBat = true; particleEngine.EmitterLocation = new Vector2(bat.Position.X, bat.Position.Y); switch (block) { case 1: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(310); break; case 2: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(345); break; case 3: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(0); break; case 4: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(15); break; case 5: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(50); break; } } if (rand.Next(2) == 0) { direction += MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(3)); } else { direction -= MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(3)); } AudioManager.Instance.PlaySoundEffect("hit"); } /// <summary> /// JEP - added method to slow down ball after powerup deactivates /// </summary> public void DecreaseSpeed() { moveSpeed -= 0.6f; } /// <summary> /// Draws the ball on the screen /// </summary> public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { if (isVisible) { spriteBatch.Begin(); spriteBatch.Draw(texture, size, Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); // Draws sprites for particles when contact is made particleEngine.Draw(spriteBatch); } } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current direction of the ball /// </summary> public double GetDirection() { return direction; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current position of the ball /// </summary> public Vector2 GetPosition() { return position; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current size of the ball (for the powerups) /// </summary> public Rectangle GetSize() { return size; } /// <summary> /// Grows the size of the ball when the GrowBall powerup is used. /// </summary> public void GrowBall() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width * 2, texture.Height * 2); } /// <summary> /// Was used to increased the speed of the ball after each point is scored. /// No longer used, but am considering implementing again. /// </summary> public void IncreaseSpeed() { moveSpeed += 0.6f; } /// <summary> /// Check for the ball to return normal size after the Powerup has expired /// </summary> public void NormalBallSize() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width, texture.Height); } /// <summary> /// Check for the ball to return normal speed after the Powerup has expired /// </summary> public void NormalSpeed() { moveSpeed += 15f; } /// <summary> /// Checks to see if ball went out of bounds, and triggers warp sfx /// </summary> public void OutOfBounds() { // Checks if the player is still alive or not if (isResetting) { AudioManager.Instance.PlaySoundEffect("warp"); { // Used to stop the the issue where the ball hit sfx kept going off when detecting collison isResetting = false; AudioManager.Instance.Dispose(); } } } /// <summary> /// Speed for the ball when Speedball powerup is activated /// </summary> public void PowerupSpeed() { moveSpeed += 20.0f; } /// <summary> /// Check for where to reset the ball after each point is scored /// </summary> public void Reset(bool left) { if (left) { direction = 0; } else { direction = Math.PI; } // Used to stop the the issue where the ball hit sfx kept going off when detecting collison isResetting = true; position = resetPos; // Resets the ball to the center of the screen isVisible = true; speed = 15f; // Returns the ball back to the default speed, in case the speedBall was active if (rand.Next(2) == 0) { direction += MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(30)); } else { direction -= MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(30)); } } /// <summary> /// Shrinks the ball when the ShrinkBall powerup is activated /// </summary> public void ShrinkBall() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width / 2, texture.Height / 2); } /// <summary> /// Stops the ball each time it is reset. Ex: Between points / rounds /// </summary> public void Stop() { isVisible = true; speed = 0; } /// <summary> /// Updates position of the ball /// </summary> public void UpdatePosition() { size.X = (int)position.X; size.Y = (int)position.Y; oldPos.X = position.X; oldPos.Y = position.Y; position.X += speed * (float)Math.Cos(direction); position.Y += speed * (float)Math.Sin(direction); bool collided = CheckWallHit(); particleEngine.Update(); // Stops the issue where ball was oscillating on the ceiling or floor if (collided) { position.X = oldPos.X + speed * (float)Math.Cos(direction); position.Y = oldPos.Y + speed * (float)Math.Sin(direction); } } #endregion #region Methods /// <summary> /// Checks for collision with the ceiling or floor. 2*Math.pi = 360 degrees /// </summary> private bool CheckWallHit() { while (direction > 2 * Math.PI) { direction -= 2 * Math.PI; return true; } while (direction < 0) { direction += 2 * Math.PI; return true; } if (position.Y <= 0 || (position.Y > resetPos.Y * 2 - size.Height)) { direction = 2 * Math.PI - direction; return true; } return true; } #endregion } } namespace Pong { using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using System; public class Bat { public Vector2 Position; public float moveSpeed; public Rectangle size; private int points; private int yHeight; private Texture2D leftBat; public float turbo; public float recharge; public float interval; public bool isTurbo; /// <summary> /// Constructor for the bat /// </summary> public Bat(ContentManager contentManager, Vector2 screenSize, bool side) { moveSpeed = 7f; turbo = 15f; recharge = 100f; points = 0; interval = 5f; leftBat = contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/bats/batGrey"); size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width, leftBat.Height); // True means left bat, false means right bat. if (side) Position = new Vector2(30, screenSize.Y / 2 - size.Height / 2); else Position = new Vector2(screenSize.X - 30, screenSize.Y / 2 - size.Height / 2); yHeight = (int)screenSize.Y; } public void IncreaseSpeed() { moveSpeed += .5f; } /// <summary> /// The speed of the bat when Turbo is activated /// </summary> public void Turbo() { moveSpeed += 8.0f; } /// <summary> /// Returns the speed of the bat back to normal after Turbo is deactivated /// </summary> public void DisableTurbo() { moveSpeed = 7.0f; isTurbo = false; } /// <summary> /// Returns the bat to the nrmal size after the Grow/Shrink powerup has expired /// </summary> public void NormalSize() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width, leftBat.Height); } /// <summary> /// Checks for the size of the bat /// </summary> public Rectangle GetSize() { return size; } /// <summary> /// Adds point to the player or the AI after scoring. Currently Disabled. /// </summary> public void IncrementPoints() { points++; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the number of points at the moment /// </summary> public int GetPoints() { return points; } /// <summary> /// Sets thedefault starting position for the bats /// </summary> /// <param name="position"></param> public void SetPosition(Vector2 position) { if (position.Y < 0) { position.Y = 0; } if (position.Y > yHeight - size.Height) { position.Y = yHeight - size.Height; } this.Position = position; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current position of the bat /// </summary> public Vector2 GetPosition() { return Position; } /// <summary> /// Controls the bat moving up the screen /// </summary> public void MoveUp() { SetPosition(Position + new Vector2(0, -moveSpeed)); } /// <summary> /// Controls the bat moving down the screen /// </summary> public void MoveDown() { SetPosition(Position + new Vector2(0, moveSpeed)); } /// <summary> /// Updates the position of the AI bat, in order to track the ball /// </summary> /// <param name="ball"></param> public virtual void UpdatePosition(Ball ball) { size.X = (int)Position.X; size.Y = (int)Position.Y; } /// <summary> /// Resets the bat to the center location after a new game starts /// </summary> public void ResetPosition() { SetPosition(new Vector2(GetPosition().X, yHeight / 2 - size.Height)); } /// <summary> /// Used for the Growbat powerup /// </summary> public void GrowBat() { // Doubles the size of the bat collision size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width * 2, leftBat.Height * 2); } /// <summary> /// Used for the Shrinkbat powerup /// </summary> public void ShrinkBat() { // 1/2 the size of the bat collision size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width / 2, leftBat.Height / 2); } /// <summary> /// Draws the bats /// </summary> public virtual void Draw(SpriteBatch batch) { batch.Draw(leftBat, size, Color.White); } } }

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  • Limit scope of #define

    - by Ujjwal Singh
    What is the correct strategy to limit the scope of #define and avoid unwarrented token collisions. In the following configuration: Main.c # include "Utility_1.h" # include "Utility_2.h" VOID Utility() // Was written without knowing of: Utility_1 & Utility_2 { const UINT ZERO = 0; } VOID Main() { ... } // Collision; for Line:5 Compiler does not indicate what replaced Utility_1.h # define ZERO "Zero" # define ONE "One" BOOL Utility_1(); Utility_2.h # define ZERO '0' # define ONE '1' BOOL Utility_2(); Utility_2.c # include "Utility_2.h" BOOL Utility_2() { // Using: ZERO & ONE } //Collision: Character Literal replaced with String {Edit} Note: This is supposed to be a generic quesition so do not limit yourself to enum or other defined types. i.e. What to do when: I MUST USE #define Please comment on my proposed solution below.. _

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  • Teacher confused about MVC?

    - by Gideon
    I have an assignment to create a game in java using MVC as a pattern. The thing is that stuff I read about MVC aren't really what the teacher is telling me. What I read is that the Model are the information objects, they are manipulated by the controllers. So in a game the controller mutates the placement of the objects and check if there is any collision etc. What my teacher told me is that I should put everything that is universal to the platform in the models and the controllers should only tell the model which input is given. That means the game loop will be in a model class, but also collision checks etc. So what I get from his story is that the View is the screen, the Controller is the unput handeler, and the Model is the rest. Can someone point me in the right direction?

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