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  • Lost Linux root password - Recovery mode and init=/bin/bash fail

    - by Albeit
    I lost/forgot the root password to a server sitting beside me and am trying to reset it. I would rather not have to wipe and re-install or use a Live CD (server is running Ubuntu Server 12.04). What I've tried so far... 1) Boot into "Recovery mode" from Grub2 boot menu then drop into root shell prompt. I am prompted to "Give root password for maintenance". No-go. 2) Change the boot parameters for the main boot option to include "rw" and "init=/bin/bash". When I then boot with Ctrl-X, the screen goes black, and nothing happens (I've waited five minutes). init=/bin/sh and init=/bin/static-sh both do the same thing, while init=/sbin/init boots as normal. Is there anything else I can try to reset the root password? Thank you!

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  • Windows Recovery partition unusable after Ubuntu 12.04 install on Eee PC 1005P

    - by Crivat Camilar
    Installed Ubuntu 12.04 over the secondary (D:) partition with Grub2 handling multi-boot. Never accessed the 'Recovery' option in the boot menu until Windows7 Starter became unusable due to HDD failure (bad sectors on C:). Tried creating an USB recovery stick using the OEM's recovery application (F9) on hidden partition: all I got was a clean C:\ and an error telling me the recovery images cannot be found [R:\recovery\windowsre\ - or something very much like that] although everything is there (changed 'hidden' flag to check and copy contents). Nothing happens upon pressing F9, then Grub takes over giving the recovery option. The application starts but halts about 30s after initializing, very briefly displaying the error message above. I guess every time it goes through this it actually wipes C:\ but crashes immediately afterwards not being able to find what-ever .wim image files it needs. How to make it work?

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  • ubuntu 9.10 on an external usb drive: grub1 does not work

    - by Toc
    I have installed Ubuntu on a partition of my external usb drive. Since I had problems with grub2, I have uninstalled it and installed grub1. But then the usb drive didn't boot anymore, and I am forced to the limited shell of grub1. If I write manually kernel (hd0,4)/vmlinuz-2.6.31-15-generic root=/dev/sdb4 ro quiet splash initrd (hd0,4)/boot/initrd.img-2.6.31-15-generic boot then Ubuntu is loaded, but if I execute the commands root (hd0,4) setup (hd0) as explained at http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/html_node/Installing-GRUB-natively.html#Installing-GRUB-natively, next time I boot from usb I am forced again to the grub limited shell. How can I restore a working grub?

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  • Netbook won't boot after using EasyBCD

    - by TNC
    I have an Asus T91MT netbook on which I used to have Windows 7 Home Premium and Ubuntu 10.10 installed (dual boot). After trying to upgrade to Ubuntu 11.04, Ubuntu is no longer able to boot, so I tried to uninstall Ubuntu completely and then reinstall it. Following these directions, I tried using EasyBCD to bypass the GRUB2 bootloader so that after uninstalling, it would automatically boot into Windows 7. However, after doing the "install BCD" step and restarting, I got the following message: Windows failed to start... File: \Boot\BCD; Status: 0xc0000098; Info: The Windows Boot Configuration Data file does not contain a valid OS entry. I'm currently trying to create a USB stick of the Windows Installation disc but in the mean time, I can only boot from a Ubuntu USB stick. Is there anything I can do from within Ubuntu to fix this? Or does anyone have any other suggestions/solutions?

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  • Use `dd` linux program to save / recover a disk's MBR

    - by Graduate
    I have an Ubuntu OS installed on my laptop. I want to install Windows 7 as well to another disk partition (I will do it by recovering it from a special partition on my laptop). After installing Windows, I want to recover my hard drive MBR to be able to load Ubuntu. I have a plan to use linux dd program: 1) (Before installing, perform this command in Linux) dd if=/dev/sda of=/home/user/mbr_backup bs=512 count=1 2) (after installing, load Ubuntu Live CD and launch this) dd if=/home/user/mbr_backup of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1 3) Load Ubuntu on PC and re-configure the GRUB2 to be able start Windows I need your advice, I want to be sure I won't damage the disk (it's partition table).

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  • dual boot Windows 7 and Ubuntu 11.04, black screen when loading Windows

    - by Sean
    I am proficient with Windows and not so much with Linux. Here is my story: Original system came with Windows 7, got openSUSE installed on the second hard drive, and dual boot for this setup worked fine. Wanted to switch to Windows 7 and Ubuntu 11.04 dual boot so I did a Windows system recovery and it appeared to give me back a fresh Windows 7 install. I then go to install Ubuntu 11.04 and the installer informs me I have multiple operating systems already installed. I go to the advanced partitioning option and sure enough Windows 7 is on /sda while openSUSE is still on /sdb. From here I followed this guide (How to dual-boot Linux and Ubuntu with two hard drives) after I had deleted all the openSUSE partitions on /sdb through the Allocate Drive Space tab of the installer. I make the /boot, swap, /, and /home partitions and set the GRUB into the MBR of the second disk (/dev/sdb). Everything installs fine. I reboot, Windows loads automatically, install EasyBCD and add an entry for Ubuntu into the Windows Boot Manager while assigning the type as GRUB2. Reboot the system and it now shows dual booting options for both Windows and Ubuntu. Problem is: while I can use Ubuntu fine when I try to boot into Windows it just gives me a black screen and after a little while the fans start running crazy. If I restart the computer I will sometimes get the message that my system was put into hibernation mode because the temperature got too high (90C) which I presume is in accordance with the fans going crazy. I have linked the output from the Boot Info Script below, any suggestions on how to fix this issue would be greatly appreciated! UPDATED SCRIPT OUTPUT Boot Info Script output: http://paste.ubuntu.com/682152/

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  • Fixing unbootable installation on LVM root from Desktop LiveCD

    - by intuited
    I just did an installation from the 10.10 Desktop LiveCD, making the root volume an LVM LV. Apparently this is not supported; I managed it by taking these steps before starting the GUI installer app: installing the lvm2 package on the running system creating an LVM-type partition on the system hard drive creating a physical volume, a volume group and a root LV using the LVM tools. I also created a second LV for /var; this I don't think is relevant. creating a filesystem (ext4) on each of the two LVs. After taking these steps, the GUI installer offered the two LVs as installation targets; I gladly accepted, also putting /boot on a primary partition separate from the LVM partition. Installation seemed to go smoothly, and I've verified that both the root and var volumes do contain acceptable-looking directory structures. However, booting fails; if I understood correctly what happened, I was dropped into a busybox running in the initrd filesystem. Although I haven't worked through the entirety of the grub2 docs yet, it looks like the entry that tries to boot my new system is correct: menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.35-22-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos3)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set $UUID_OF_BOOT_FILESYSTEM linux /vmlinuz-2.6.35-22-generic root=/dev/mapper/$LVM_VOLUME_GROUP-root ro quiet splash initrd /initrd.img-2.6.35-22-generic } Note that $VARS are replaced in the actual grub.cfg with their corresponding values. I rebooted back into the livecd and have unpacked the initrd image into a temp directory. It looks like the initrd image lacks LVM functionality. For example, if I'm reading /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/lvm2 (installed with lvm2 on the livecd-booted system, not present on the installed one) correctly, an lvm executable should be situated in /sbin; that is not the case. What's the best way to remedy this situation? I realize that it would be easier to just use the alternate install CD, which apparently supports LVM, but I don't want to wait for it to download and then have to reinstall.

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  • How to Customize the Ubuntu Bootloader Screen

    - by Omar Hafiz
    We all know Grub2 is the default bootloader for Ubuntu, but it isn’t the prettiest bootloader ever. Since we also know that Ubuntu is highly customizable, this week we’re going to show you how to beautify your bootloader. To accomplish this, we’re going to utilize an add-on called BURG, which is a Brand-new Universal loadeR based on Grub and is created by Bean. It has much prettier GUI and it supports themes and customizations. Latest Features How-To Geek ETC Macs Don’t Make You Creative! So Why Do Artists Really Love Apple? MacX DVD Ripper Pro is Free for How-To Geek Readers (Time Limited!) HTG Explains: What’s a Solid State Drive and What Do I Need to Know? How to Get Amazing Color from Photos in Photoshop, GIMP, and Paint.NET Learn To Adjust Contrast Like a Pro in Photoshop, GIMP, and Paint.NET Have You Ever Wondered How Your Operating System Got Its Name? Lakeside Sunset in the Mountains [Wallpaper] Taskbar Meters Turn Your Taskbar into a System Resource Monitor Create Shortcuts for Your Favorite or Most Used Folders in Ubuntu Create Custom Sized Thumbnail Images with Simple Image Resizer [Cross-Platform] Etch a Circuit Board using a Simple Homemade Mixture Sync Blocker Stops iTunes from Automatically Syncing

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  • How to fix no splash screen in Ubuntu after nvidia proprietary driver installation (also black borders)

    - by Fabio Trevisiol
    This is soultion how to fix no splash screen in Ubuntu after nvidia proprietary driver installation. It's no matter what Ubuntu version you use, it should work anyway. (TESTED ON 14.04) Open your terminal and type: sudo apt-get install v86d (TEST WITHOUT) Then: sudo gedit /etc/default/grub Find this line: #GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480 Add below (of course choose your resolution): GRUB_GFXMODE=1024x768x32 (TRY WITHOUT OR DIFFERENT BIT DEPTH) GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=1920x1080x32 (YOU CAN ALSO USE THE KEEP OPTION) Save file and type in terminal: echo FRAMEBUFFER=y | sudo tee /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/splash (ALLOWS TO AVOID THAT THE SPLASH SCREEN IS DISPLAYED FOR A FEW SECONDS) sudo update-initramfs -u sudo update-grub2 For all those who complain about the presence of black borders in "plymouth", try to make these changes before installing the nvidia driver or switch back from nvidia to nouveau and from nouveau to nvidia. Kernel update from the Software Updater? It happened to me; I don't know if it matters. I don't know for which of these reasons, but after a few reboots, the black borders are gone. UPDATE discovered the secret: during all these beautiful things, something strange happened. glxinfo | grep vendor server glx vendor string: SGI client glx vendor string: Mesa Project and SGI OpenGL vendor string: nouveau

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  • Ubuntu 12.10 boots to purple or black screen but intermittently boots fine

    - by Nic
    I have a fresh install of Ubuntu 12.10 64bit dual booting with Win7 64bit. Windows boots fine every time. When I choose Ubuntu from Grub2 menu it will sometimes boot just fine. Most of the times though it gets stuck at a purple screen with nothing happening and no keys or key combinations working. Other times instead of the purple screen I get a black screen with a flashing cursor at the top. Nothing happens. I need to hold down the power button to restart and after a couple times of trying it will eventually boot into Ubuntu. Once that happens everything runs without any problems. I have tried different approaches to fix the problem but to no avail. I tried removing "quiet splash", used no splash, and nomodeset What I got from this was seeing all the text of the boot process but more often than not the process gets stuck right after recognizing all the USB ports and devices. If it gets stuck nothing happens (except when i plug in a usb device: it still recognizes it with a new line of text) In the case when the boot process works, after it lists the usb devices it tells me something like: recovery of read-only filesystem necessary. (its the filesystem that ubuntu runs on) then it does the recovery and i get: recovery complete. after that Ubuntu will boot properly and I get to see the login screen. I have no idea what to do to fix that problem. I have to reboot 3 to 5 times everytime I want to get into Ubuntu and I feel like I'm breaking my new Laptop. (its a lenovo ideapad z580 btw. i5 processor and nvidia gtx640 graphics card) I hope someone can help me. Thanks. Edit: i just got a "failed to enable AA error" message when waking it up from suspend. I don't know if that helps or has anything to do with the boot probs.

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  • UPDATE MANAGER UNABLE TO UPDATE

    - by muguro
    Requires installation of untrusted packages The action would require the installation of packages from not authenticated sources. i get this error every time i try updating. the system shows that it has 466 updates but fails after clicking update more details have this accountsservice apparmor apport apport-gtk apt apt-transport-https apt-utils aptdaemon aptdaemon-data at-spi2-core bamfdaemon base-files bcmwl-kernel-source bind9-host compiz compiz-core compiz-gnome compiz-plugins-default cron cups cups-bsd cups-client cups-common cups-filters cups-ppdc dbus dbus-x11 dconf-gsettings-backend dconf-service desktop-file-utils dmsetup dnsutils empathy empathy-common eog evince evince-common evolution-data-server evolution-data-server-common firefox firefox-globalmenu firefox-gnome-support firefox-locale-en fontconfig fontconfig-config fonts-liberation fonts-opensymbol foomatic-filters gcalctool gdb ghostscript ghostscript-cups ghostscript-x ginn gir1.2-atspi-2.0 gir1.2-dbusmenu-glib-0.4 gir1.2-dbusmenu-gtk-0.4 gir1.2-gst-plugins-base-0.10 gir1.2-gtk-3.0 gir1.2-gtksource-3.0 gir1.2-gudev-1.0 gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-3.0 gir1.2-launchpad-integration-3.0 gir1.2-pango-1.0 gir1.2-rb-3.0 gir1.2-totem-1.0 gir1.2-ubuntuoneui-3.0 gir1.2-unity-5.0 gir1.2-webkit-3.0 glib-networking glib-networking-common glib-networking-services gnome-accessibility-themes gnome-control-center gnome-control-center-data gnome-desktop3-data gnome-games-data gnome-icon-theme gnome-media gnome-orca gnome-settings-daemon gnome-sudoku gnomine gnupg google-talkplugin gpgv grub-common grub-pc grub-pc-bin grub2-common gstreamer0.10-alsa gstreamer0.10-plugins-base gstreamer0.10-plugins-base-apps gstreamer0.10-x gvfs gvfs-backends gvfs-bin gvfs-common gvfs-daemons gvfs-fuse gvfs-libs gwibber gwibber-service gwibber-service-facebook gwibber-service-identica gwibber-service-twitter hdparm hplip hplip-data indicator-sound initscripts isc-dhcp-client isc-dhcp-common jockey-common jockey-gtk krb5-locales landscape-client-ui-install language-pack-en language-pack-en-base language-pack-gnome-en language-pack-gnome-en-base launchpad-integration libaccountsservice0 libapt-inst1.4 libapt-pkg4.12 libart-2.0-2 libasound2 libatspi2.0-0 libbamf0 libbamf3-0 libbind9-80 libc-bin libc-dev-bin libc6 libc6-dev libcairo-gobject2 libcairo2

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  • Fixing Windows7 Bootmgr

    - by Ashfame
    I made my laptop Dell XPS 15z dual boot with Ubuntu last year, and something went wrong & BOOTMGR of my windows got fried. I couldn't fix it that time. And I kept using Ubuntu. I don't even remember whether I installed directly via a live usb or used wubi, sorry. I installed 11.10 at that point of time, but right now I am on 12.10. Today, I got to know about the Boot repair tool, so I was wondering with this tool may be I can figure out what's exactly wrong with my setup. This is my Boot info - http://paste.ubuntu.com/1343575/ If I select the Win7 entry on GRUB2, I get the error BOOTMGR is missing. Press Ctrl-Alt-Del. Now the thing is I have read numerous links on how this could be fixed, but I don't feel comfortable without knowing what I am doing. So unless I am sure what a certain tool would do, I would prefer fixing it by hand (manually editing files). So reading from my boot info file, can anyone explain it to me what's messed up wrong here and what could fix it? I certainly can't afford to have my ubuntu install unbootable right now, but looking into this issue is bothering me too much. Help appreciated! I have Win7 DVD & Ubuntu live USBs with me, I am just looking for a sure shot way of fixing Win7 without any harm to my existing Ubuntu install.

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  • Installing Ubuntu 12.04 on a single GPT SSD which contains Windows 7

    - by Gary
    I recently bought a brand new 64 bit PC with a (ASUS) motherboard that supports UEFI and a GPT formatted 240Gb SSD, which contains Windows 7 in the first of 3 (80Gb) partitions. When the system arrived, it booted into Windows 7 like a dream, with no problems. I did not originally want Windows, but the manufacturer does not work with Linux (of any flavour), so I thought I would install Ubuntu into the second partition and dual boot. I downloaded the 12.04 64bit version and proceeded to install. Having selected to 'install', the screen became corrupted, with multicoloured garbage across the middle third of the screen !! So, I rebooted and --- MISSING OPERATING SYSTEM !!! The only way I can now get into Windows is via Super Grub2. First question - what went wrong ? 2nd - Will Ubuntu install on a GPT disk partition ? 3rd - Will it install alongside Windows 7 without screwing the boot mechanism ? 4th - How do I do it ? I have scoured the internet looking for appropriate answers and found NONE ! Please help.......

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  • Further question on Intel graphics driver

    - by Thomas Byers
    Ok, Josh answered almost immed.! I need to know specifically, now that I am using Nvidia card effectively, do I need to allow update manager to update the intel gr. drivers? I must add, I believe I know why Update Manager is telling me I need to update those Intel gr. drivers. It probably happened because I tried to update my nvidia drivers and got a buggy install, which let to to a black screen. I shut the system down manually after that and rebooted to a black screen and upon a further reboot I ascertained that I could still dual-boot(windows 7) into the other os. Then I went through the restart process and at the grub2 menu chose other options and it was probably, at that time, that Linux was smart enough to know that nvidia drivers as installed weren't cutting it, and reverted to the onboard Intel graphics system...does that make sense? Anyway, after successfully getting up and running, I reinstalled my old but successful nvidia drivers and all was well again, except now upon running Update Manager, I am offered the Intel graphics driver upgrade each time, which, up til now I have unchecked...my question is now more obvious. Should I accept the Intel driver update and if I do, will it once again override my nvidia drivers?

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  • How to run multiple distros using lvm

    - by Mark
    I've seen quite a few posts around about running multiple distros but not sure they apply to using LVM (and without Windows). I'm using a machine that's about 3 years old. Setup: Intel Core i7 2.8GHz 8GB Ram 1TB SATA HDD At this point, I'd like to install 12.10 and Mint 14, leaving the option open to install additional distros down the road. I could be way off, but I'm thinking about creating at least 2 primary /boot partitions (1 for 12.10 and 1 for Mint) and another partition for LVM leaving room for additional /boot partitions. Then creating a VG and separate LVs for Ubuntu 12.10 and Linux Mint 14. I understand I can share partitions between the 2 installs, but I'm only using this for testing and I have tons of space to play with. LVM seemed logical considering I may want to install and test additional distros. I guess I could share the /swap partition across the board without problems, right? I'm unclear about GRUB2. How do I handle the bootloader situation? Install 12.10 and get it running then make changes to grub.cfg after installing Mint? And do I not install GRUB for Mint or do I install it in a different location? Any guidance would be appreciated.

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  • How to switch to a generic kernel in a headless Ubuntu Server 12.04?

    - by chmike
    I just got a dedicated server with Ubuntu 12.04 installed with a custom compiled kernel. Since I would like to install VirtualBox and this custom kernel doesn't support dynamic module loading (for security) I need to change the kernel. I'm running some Ubuntu servers for years but never palyed with grub and a headless computer. When the command update-grub is run it shows the different kernel it finds. Here is what I see Generating grub.cfg ... Found linux image: /boot/bzImage-3.2.13-xxxx-grs-ipv6-64 Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-34-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-34-generic No volume groups found done The first one is the active one as seen with uname -r. To me it looks like the second kernel is the one I should use. But I don't know how to configure grub2 to use it. The computer is also configured with a software RAID using mdadm I guess. Never used that before. I don't know if playing with the grub of changing kernel could brake this. What must I do to set the generic kernel as the default one so that I can get VirtualBox running.

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  • Dualboot Asus n56v (ubuntu / win 7 x64) - ubuntu doesn't detect partition table made by windows

    - by user76439
    I have an Asus n56v and I've got troubles installing Ubuntu 12.04 x64. I already have installed Windows 7 x64! The hard drive is: Hitachi HTS547575A9E384 My problem: The installation program doesn't recognize the already existing partitions and is offering only options where there are partitions. Can someone help me out? Is this an ACPI/IDE conflict, missing driver or conflict with Windows 7? (I'm not an expert on Linux, only working sometimes with it.) I now tried out some options concerning EFI with a GTP-table. Everything worked but I wasn't able to fix a dual boot (Windows boot loader) nor with GRUB2. The laptop is still having a BIOS, but is able to boot DVDs/CDs in EFI-mode. Now I try to avoid EFI and GTP using the old windows MBR style. I reinstalled Windows, so far no problem. When I want to try to install Ubuntu, it doesn't detect the already existing partition table. It is just showing me an empty space for the whole disk. Other threads like Ubuntu 12.04 does not see windows already install on my computer (dual installation) don't help me out. os-prober shows me a correct result. I don't know how to deal with gdisk as shown in Installer doesn't detect existing partition table/windows 7 partition. I have 750GB for the whole disk. I'm using: 90GB for Windows reserved partition + system partition, 500GB for data and the rest should be for SWAP and linux-system. How can I make Ubuntu detect the partition table?

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  • Dual boot UEFI Windows 7 and Ubuntu 12.04 (both 64 bits). W7 entry doesn't appear in GRUB

    - by Joe
    After trying to install both OS during 2 days, I'm confused and getting mad... I have SSD 128 GB and HDD 500 GB both empty. My laptop is Asus K55VM. BIOS support UEFI. What I have done: Install new SSD (Samsung 830 128GB) Use GParted on liveCD to create new table of partitions (GPT) and create 3 partitions (in the SSD) for different purposes: Partition 1: 80 GB (w7); Partition 2: 30 GB (Ubuntu 12.04 -Just / -); Partition 3: 10 GB unused (for future extesion of the other partitions) Install Windows 7 (with UEFI) in Partition 1. This create: /dev/sda1 - 100 MB for System (UEFI boot I guess) - FAT32 /dev/sda2 - 100 MB aprox. for MSR /dev/sda3 - 79.800 MB aprox. for Windows7 data In this point everything works fine. I have W7. Now I install Ubuntu 12.04 amd64 (with UEFI) as follows: Install / in Partition 2 - /dev/sda4 30 GB ext4, and in the hdd I install /home and swap. I select bootloader in /dev/sda1 (where it's supposed to be the UEFI boot). I install updates and reboot. Problem: Now just appears grub menu with Ubuntu entries and not Windows 7. Alternative solution found: When I turn on laptop, before loading GRUB I press ESC key and appear BIOS boot, so I can select to boot the Windows partition, Ubuntu partition, DVD, USB, etc... but I think is not the best way to boot different OS. I've tried: sudo update-grub2 with no success. What can I do??

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  • Dual booting 12.10 and Win 7 - boots directly to Win 7

    - by user110174
    and thank you kindly for you help! I'll preface this with saying that I realize this is a common problem, with lots of trouble-shooting guides available online; however, after multiple attempts with different guides, I've made zero progress and am hoping to someone could help me with my specific scenario. First, my story: -Initially, I installed Ubuntu 12.10 with the "Something Else" option with no problems. Used 4 GB Swap Logical Partition, 26 GB Primary Root Partition. Wanting to trying out Mint 13, I booted into Windows from GRUB2, used the latest version of EasyBCD (v2.2) to restore the Windows 7 bootloader to the MBR, deleted the Ubuntu partitions, reformatted them in NTFS. I then created a 30 GB partition of free space for Mint. I installed Mint using the same partitioning described above for Ubuntu 12.10, using /dev/sda for the boot installation files, and everything seemed to go well, until I re-booted my computer and it went straight to Windows - I could find no way to get into Mint. So I went into windows, restored windows bootloader to the MBR w/ EasyBCD, deleted partitions, etc., as I figured I'd done enough messing around and would go with Ubuntu 12.10. Now the problem: I restarted my computer booting from the same Ubuntu USB key I originally used. Briefly, "error: "prefix" is not set" flashed on screen, and instead of being greeted with the GUI menu of "try vs. install Ubuntu", there was a menu with minimal graphics (like a BIOS menu) where I could select install, run from USB, etc. After selecting "Install Ubuntu", the familiar install wizard with a GUI came up, I partitioned my drive as described, /dev/sda for the boot installation files, install went well, rebooted and...straight to Windows. This is where I'm at. Fixes I've tried: -This guide: How can I repair grub? (How to get Ubuntu back after installing Windows?) to ensure Grub is on the MBR. I followed all steps, but still when I reboot, I go directly into Windows. -Installing 12.04 instead of 12.10 - same issue -Re-installed Ubuntu, writing the boot files to their own partition, then using EasyBCD to to add a boot option for Ubuntu using the Windows bootloader, ensuring I instruct EasyBCD to look at the partition I created with the Ubuntu installer (instructions here http://neosmart.net/wiki/display/EBCD/Ubuntu). When I reboot, I select the Ubuntu option, and it puts me in GRUB4DOS, with a cursor waiting for input. I have no idea what to put here, so I would just type "reboot" to exit out. And this is where I am now. Any clue as to why I can't boot into Ubuntu? My computer specs are: ASUS UX31A Core i7, Win 7 64 Pro, 256 GB SSD, Intel HM76 Chipset and Integrated Intel HD 4000 Graphics, 4 GB memory I've tried to be as clear as possible, but I'd be happy to provide any info that would help anyone along. Thanks for your patience in reading this! Sincerely, -MN

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  • What tells initramfs or the Ubuntu Server boot process how to assemble RAID arrays?

    - by Brad
    The simple question: how does initramfs know how to assemble mdadm RAID arrays at startup? My problem: I boot my server and get: Gave up waiting for root device. ALERT! /dev/disk/by-uuid/[UUID] does not exist. Dropping to a shell! This happens because /dev/md0 (which is /boot, RAID 1) and /dev/md1 (which is /, RAID 5) are not being assembled correctly. What I get is /dev/md0 isn't assembled at all. /dev/md1 is assembled, but instead of using /dev/sda2, /dev/sdb2, /dev/sdc2, and /dev/sdd2, it uses /dev/sda, /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc, /dev/sdd. To fix this and boot my server I do: $(initramfs) mdadm --stop /dev/md1 $(initramfs) mdadm --assemble /dev/md0 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 $(initramfs) mdadm --assemble /dev/md1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdd2 $(initramfs) exit And it boots properly and everything works. Now I just need the RAID arrays to assemble properly at boot so I don't have to manually assemble them. I've checked /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf and the UUIDs of the two arrays listed in that file match the UUIDs from $ mdadm --detail /dev/md[0,1]. Other details: Ubuntu 10.10, GRUB2, mdadm 2.6.7.1 UPDATE: I have a feeling it has to do with superblocks. $ mdadm --examine /dev/sda outputs the same thing as $ mdadm --examine /dev/sda2. $ mdadm --examine /dev/sda1 seems to be fine because it outputs information about /dev/md0. I don't know if this is the problem or not, but it seems to fit with /dev/md1 getting assembled with /dev/sd[abcd] instead of /dev/sd[abcd]2. I tried zeroing the superblock on /dev/sd[abcd]. This removed the superblock from /dev/sd[abcd]2 as well and prevented me from being able to assemble /dev/md1 at all. I had to $ mdadm --create to get it back. This also put the super blocks back to the way they were.

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  • Creating mdraid device on top of other existing mdraid devices

    - by Dmitriusan
    I'm considering creating something like "hierarchical raid" and wondering whether it is possible using pure mdraid. Moreover, I'm going to boot from this device. I'm using Ubuntu Server 12.04 LTS with Grub2 bootloader. Motivation behind doing that is: I have 4 x 1tb 7200rpm disks. Two are newer and faster (up to 200mb/sec) and other two are slower (up to 140mb/sec). I want to create RAID-0 device from them. When creating such RAID-0 directly from 4 hard disks, I get summary speed up to ~480mb/sec. That is roughly 4*120mb/sec, so RAID-0 works with speed of the slowest device. I have an idea to create a separate RAID-0 md0 device from 500gb partitions of slower hard disks. Theoretically, this md0 device will have speed 2*140=240~280mb/sec. After that, I'm going to add this md0 device to RAID-0 with faster disks, finishing with up to 3*200=600mb/sec. Stripe-width for this raid will be 2x times bigger than for underlying raid with slow disks. Questions are: is it possible or I'm missing something? will that work as expected? can I boot from such consolidated raid device? any better ideas? any pitfalls? I don't want to use fakeraid for consolidating slow disks for multiple reasons (portability, ability to customize parameters and so on). PS Speed is needed for home virtualization server and just for experience/fun. Reliability is provided via regular automatic backups to a separate device. PPS I considered also using different stripe-width for hard disks with different speed in single raid, but mdraid does not seem to support that.

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  • Which linux distributions offer seamless support for UEFI and an LVM root out of the box?

    - by Jannik Jochem
    My new ultrabook (an Asus UX32VD) requires UEFI in order to boot from the internal harddisk. I use an LVM partition which contains my root fs and dual-boot Windows 8. I somehow managed to get this working on Sabayon Linux, however the overall process was pretty painful, and system upgrades keep breaking my configuration because everything depends on a hand-configured kernel and a hand-crafted GRUB2 configuration. This causes a lot of hassle and distractions for me, so I am considering to switch to a different distribution. However, I cannot find any concrete resources that precisely document the state of UEFI support in the popular distributions. As an example, the length of the Ubuntu wiki page on UEFI suggests that installing on UEFI systems is a non-trivial process, and this AskUbuntu thread on encrypted LVM on UEFI systems suggests that LVM might also be a problem. I know that this question seems somewhat open-ended, so I'll formulate concrete questions: Are there any Linux distributions with an installer that supports installing to an LVM root in a UEFI boot setting where Windows 8 is dual-booted? Which distributions support UEFI without having to jump through hoops in order to bootstrap into a UEFI-booted system or requiring manual configuration of the boot manager?

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  • Changes to grub in ubuntu 10

    - by jdege
    I've been running CentOS 5 for some years. I've decided to upgrade to Ubuntu, and with 10.04 just out, this seemed like a good time. I'm a tad paranoid, so I started off with a new set of drives - one to install on, one to backup to, and one as a spare. I removed my existing CentOS 5 drives, and did an install, and had no problems. I installed the server version, and used the default full-disk LVM installation. Next, I copies my backup scripts over, edited them to work with the new configuration, and did a test backup. That worked fine, as well. Then comes the real test, could I do an install of the backup onto the spare drive? (I won't put anything of importance on a system that doesn't have a reliable backup, and if I've never done a restore, it's not reliable.) I booted from a System Rescue CD (ver 1.5.3), with the spare drive as /dev/sda, and the backup drive as /dev/sdb. I had no trouble in partitioning, configuring LVM, formatting, making swap, or restoring the file systems. But when I got to restoring grub to the MBR, I ran into problems. My restore instructions from CentOS 5 said run grub, then enter two commands: root (hd0,0) setup (hd0) The first command exits with an error: "Checking if /boot/grub/stage1 exists ... no" I did some googling around, and found that the Grub2 included in recent Ubuntus is very different than the Grub 0.97 included in CentOS 5. One site suggested I use: grub-install --root-dir=/mnt/restore /dev/sda That appeared to work, but when I booted from the drive, I ended up at a grub prompt. Any ideas as to what I need to do? It seems like a simple problem, but my attempts at searching out answers on the web are being swamped by references to the old version of Grub. Help would be appreciated.

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  • Boot records messed on dual boot (win7 and ubuntu) machine with SSD and HDD

    - by Michael
    i have a lenovo ideapad y570 with two hard drives: SSD and normal HDD both managed by RapidDrive and windows 7 pre-installed. First, i have shrunk my 500 GB HDD a little bit to make some place for a linux installation. Then i installed linux mint 12 to it, also installed grub onto the drive (dev/sdb). Installation programm has not allowed me to install grub on sda. Then i replaced linux mint with ubuntu 12.04 but installed grub onto the SSD (which is dev/sda and was the default-option). After that i could boot into my windows, only ubuntu worked. So i did a research, and tried: rewriting mbr of windows into sda1, reinstalling grub, replacing grub2 with grub-legacy, and now i think my partitions table are totally messed. Here is fdisk -l output: ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 64.0 GB, 64023257088 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7783 cylinders, total 125045424 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 411647 204800 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 411648 1009430959 504509656 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x5e5d1cc8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 1979 884389887 442193954+ 12 Compaq diagnostics /dev/sdb2 884391934 976771071 46189569 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 884391936 937705471 26656768 83 Linux /dev/sdb6 937707520 967006207 14649344 83 Linux /dev/sdb7 967008256 976771071 4881408 82 Linux swap / Solaris I also cant mount any windows partitions to recover data. And when i open gparted, the whole sda-disk appears unallocated and it states "can not have a partition outside the disk!", also the end-sector address of /dev/sda2 confuses me. If i boot from the SSD, it throws some mbr error and wont boot, if i boot from the HDD, i only get the grub bash. How do i restore the partition tables? I can boot only from a live-cd at the machine. Thanks for any help.

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  • Relayout LVM Disk

    - by Tom
    I have an Ubuntu 11.10 system with two 500GB disks. The partition tables look like this: /dev/sda1 primary 465.52GB /dev/sda2 extended 243.17MB -> /dev/sda5 logical 243.14MB /dev/sdb1 primary 465.76GB sda1 and sdb1 are in a single LVM physical volume group containing a single logical volume containing a single logical filesystem which is mounted as /. sda5 is mounted as /boot. The problem comes when I want to upgrade to Ubuntu 12.04, which requires at least 247MB free on /boot. So I need to reduce the size of sda1 so that I can increase the size of sda2 and sda5. How the heck do I do that? I can find how to shrink the logical volume group, but I'm not at all clear on how to clear out the end part of sda1 so that I can reduce the physical volume group. Does pvresize just deal with this automagically? Or is that wild wishful thinking? I guess the alternatives are to back everything up onto something or other and recreate the thing from scratch or find out whether GRUB2 supports using LVM for /boot.

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