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• Memory Leak with Swing Drag and Drop

  - by tom

  I have a JFrame that accepts top-level drops of files. However after a drop has occurred, references to the frame are held indefinitely inside some Swing internal classes. I believe that disposing of the frame should release all of its resources, so what am I doing wrong? Example import java.awt.datatransfer.DataFlavor; import java.io.File; import java.util.List; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JLabel; import javax.swing.TransferHandler; public class DnDLeakTester extends JFrame { public static void main(String[] args) { new DnDLeakTester(); //Prevent main from returning or the jvm will exit while (true) { try { Thread.sleep(10000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } } public DnDLeakTester() { super("I'm leaky"); add(new JLabel("Drop stuff here")); setTransferHandler(new TransferHandler() { @Override public boolean canImport(final TransferSupport support) { return (support.isDrop() && support .isDataFlavorSupported(DataFlavor.javaFileListFlavor)); } @Override public boolean importData(final TransferSupport support) { if (!canImport(support)) { return false; } try { final List<File> files = (List<File>) support.getTransferable().getTransferData(DataFlavor.javaFileListFlavor); for (final File f : files) { System.out.println(f.getName()); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return true; } }); setDefaultCloseOperation(DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE); pack(); setVisible(true); } } To reproduce, run the code and drop some files on the frame. Close the frame so it's disposed of. To verify the leak I take a heap dump using JConsole and analyse it with the Eclipse Memory Analysis tool. It shows that sun.awt.AppContext is holding a reference to the frame through its hashmap. It looks like TransferSupport is at fault. What am I doing wrong? Should I be asking the DnD support code to clean itself up somehow? I'm running JDK 1.6 update 19.

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• Loading images to UIScrollview crashes

  - by Icky

  Hello All. I have a Navigationcontroller pushing a UIViewController with a scrollview inside. Within the scrollview I download a certain number of images around 20 (sometimes more) each sized around 150 KB. All these images are added to the scrollview so that their origin is x +imageSize and the following is sorted right to the one before. All in all I think its a lot of data (3-4 MB). On an I pod Touch this sometimes crashes, the IPhone can handle it once, if it has to load the data again (some other images) , it crashes too. I guess its a memory issue but within my code, I download the image, save it to a file on the phone as NSData, read it again from file and add it to a UIImageview which I release. So I have freed the memory I allocated, nevertheless it still crashes. Can anyone help me out? Since Im new to this, I dont know the best way to handle the Images in a scrollview. Besides I create the controller at start from nib, which means I dont have to release it, since I dont use alloc - right? Code: In my rootviewcontroller I do: -(void) showImages { [[self naviController] pushViewController:imagesViewController animated:YES]; [imagesViewController viewWillAppear:YES]; } Then in my Controller handling the scroll View, this is the method to load the images: - (void) loadOldImageData { for (int i = 0; i < 40 ; i++) { NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; NSString *filePath = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"img%d.jpg", i]]; NSData *myImg = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:filePath]; UIImage *im = [UIImage imageWithData:myImg]; if([im isKindOfClass:[UIImage class]]) { NSLog(@"IM EXISTS"); UIImageView *imgView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:im]; CGRect frame = CGRectMake(i*320, 0, 320, 416); imgView.frame = frame; [myScrollView addSubview:imgView]; [imgView release]; //NSLog(@"Adding img %d", i); numberImages = i; NSLog(@"setting numberofimages to %d", numberImages); //NSLog(@"scroll subviews %d", [myScrollView.subviews count]); } } myScrollView.contentSize = CGSizeMake(320 * (numberImages + 1), 416); }

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• Upgrading memory in a laptop

  - by ulidtko

  I'm a bit confused about all the memory types and various bus frequencies of modern consumer PCs. Requesting expert help on the subject. So far I'm confident that: I have an Asus X51L laptop with an unknown set of configuration options. The CPU in there supports PAE, so I still have a chance to extend the memory beyond 3GiB; and the upper limit of the system is 8GiB. (?) The laptop has two SODIMM slots, one of which is occupied by a 2GiB bank, and the other one is empty. dmidecode and lshw tools consistently state 533 Mhz frequency of the bank. The last one confuses me the most. I failed to find out characteristics of the northbridge in this laptop, and still can't figure out what DDR2 to seek for. Is it DDR2-1066? Or, rather, PC2-8500/PC2-8600? Wouldn't a DDR2-800 bank harm the system's performance? Which kind of modules should I look up in stores? Update: I have bought a 2 GiB DDR2-800 SODIMM, and it seams that the system can't handle 4 GiB of memory. When installed by itself in either slot, both new and old bank (which btw happens to be marked GDDR2-677) work just perfectly; i.e. any configuration resulting in 2 GiB works. When both banks are installed though (totalling in 4 GiB), the memcheck86 tool produces horrible artifacts and crashes, and system reboots; an Ubuntu system can be started and even logged into a Unity session, but the system reboots too in this case from even a minor RAM load. So it's pretty obvious to me now that this laptop doesn't support 4 GiB of RAM or more.

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• C++ Dynamic Allocation Mismatch: Is this problematic?

  - by acanaday

  I have been assigned to work on some legacy C++ code in MFC. One of the things I am finding all over the place are allocations like the following: struct Point { float x,y,z; }; ... void someFunc( void ) { int numPoints = ...; Point* pArray = (Point*)new BYTE[ numPoints * sizeof(Point) ]; ... //do some stuff with points ... delete [] pArray; } I realize that this code is atrociously wrong on so many levels (C-style cast, using new like malloc, confusing, etc). I also realize that if Point had defined a constructor it would not be called and weird things would happen at delete [] if a destructor had been defined. Question: I am in the process of fixing these occurrences wherever they appear as a matter of course. However, I have never seen anything like this before and it has got me wondering. Does this code have the potential to cause memory leaks/corruption as it stands currently (no constructor/destructor, but with pointer type mismatch) or is it safe as long as the array just contains structs/primitive types?

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• Instance of method leaking, iPhone

  - by Wolfert

  The following method shows up as leaking while performing a memory-leaks test with Instruments: - (NSDictionary*) initSigTrkLstWithNiv:(int)pm_SigTrkNiv SigTrkSig:(int)pm_SigTrkSig SigResIdt:(int)pm_SigResIdt SigResVal:(int)pm_SigResVal { NSArray *objectArray; NSArray *keyArray; if (self = [super init]) { self.SigTrkNiv = [NSNumber numberWithInt:pm_SigTrkNiv]; self.SigTrkSig = [NSNumber numberWithInt:pm_SigTrkSig]; self.SigResIdt = [NSNumber numberWithInt:pm_SigResIdt]; self.SigResVal = [NSNumber numberWithInt:pm_SigResVal]; objectArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:SigTrkNiv,SigTrkSig,SigResIdt,SigResVal, nil]; keyArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"SigTrkNiv", @"SigTrkSig", @"SigResIdt", @"SigResVal", nil]; self = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:objectArray forKeys:keyArray]; } return self; } code that invokes the instance: NSDictionary *lv_SigTrkLst = [[SigTrkLst alloc]initSigTrkLstWithNiv:[[tempDict objectForKey:@"SigTrkNiv"] intValue] SigTrkSig:[[tempDict objectForKey:@"SigTrkSig"] intValue] SigResIdt:[[tempDict objectForKey:@"SigResIdt"] intValue] SigResVal:[[tempDict objectForKey:@"SigResVal"] intValue]]; [[QBDataContainer sharedDataContainer].SigTrkLstArray addObject:lv_SigTrkLst]; [lv_SigTrkLst release]; Instruments informs that 'SigTrkLst' is leaking. Even though I have released the instance? (I know that adding it to the array increments the retainCount by 1 but releasing it twice removes it from the array?)

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• java memory allocation under linux

  - by pstanton

  I'm running 4 java processes with the following command: java -Xmx256m -jar ... and the system has 8Gb memory under fedora 12. however it is apparently going into swap. how can that be if 4 x 256m = 1Gb ? EDIT: also, how can all 8Gb of memory be used with so little memory allocated to basically the only thing running? is it java not garbage collecting because the OS tells it it doesn't need to or what? TOP: top - 20:13:57 up 3:55, 6 users, load average: 1.99, 2.54, 2.67 Tasks: 251 total, 6 running, 245 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 50.1%us, 2.9%sy, 0.0%ni, 45.1%id, 1.1%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.8%si, 0.0%st Mem: 8252304k total, 8195552k used, 56752k free, 34356k buffers Swap: 10354680k total, 74044k used, 10280636k free, 6624148k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1948 xxxxxxxx 20 0 1624m 240m 4020 S 96.8 3.0 164:33.75 java 1927 xxxxxxxx 20 0 139m 31m 27m R 91.8 0.4 38:34.55 postgres 1929 xxxxxxxx 20 0 1624m 200m 3984 S 86.2 2.5 183:24.88 java 1969 xxxxxxxx 20 0 1624m 292m 3984 S 65.6 3.6 154:06.76 java 1987 xxxxxxxx 20 0 137m 29m 27m R 28.5 0.4 75:49.82 postgres 1581 root 20 0 159m 18m 4712 S 22.5 0.2 52:42.54 Xorg 2411 xxxxxxxx 20 0 309m 9748 4544 S 20.9 0.1 45:05.08 gnome-system-mo 1947 xxxxxxxx 20 0 137m 28m 27m S 13.3 0.4 44:46.04 postgres 1772 xxxxxxxx 20 0 135m 25m 25m S 4.0 0.3 1:09.14 postgres 1966 xxxxxxxx 20 0 137m 29m 27m S 3.0 0.4 64:27.09 postgres 1773 xxxxxxxx 20 0 135m 732 624 S 1.0 0.0 0:24.86 postgres 2464 xxxxxxxx 20 0 15028 1156 744 R 0.7 0.0 0:49.14 top 344 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:02.26 kdmflush 1 root 20 0 4124 620 524 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.88 init 2 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd 3 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 4 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.04 ksoftirqd/0

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• Why and How to avoid Event Handler memory leaks ?

  - by gillyb

  Hey There, I just came to realize, by reading some questions and answers on StackOverflow, that adding event handlers using += in C# (or i guess, other .net languages) can cause common memory leaks... I have used event handlers like this in the past many times, and never realized that they can cause, or have caused, memory leaks in my applications. How does this work (meaning, why does this actually cause a memory leak) ? How can I fix this problem ? Is using -= to the same event handler enough ? Are there common design patterns or best practices for handling situations like this ? Example : How am I supposed to handle an application that has many different threads, using many different event handlers to raise several events on the UI ? Are there any good and simple ways to monitor this efficiently in an already built big application ? Thanks in advance!

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• Which to use - "operator new" or "operator new[]" - to allocate a block of raw memory in C++?

  - by sharptooth

  My C++ program needs a block of uninitialized memory. In C I would use malloc() and later free(). In C++ I can either call ::operator new or ::operator new[] and ::operator delete or operator delete[] respectively later. Looks like both ::operator new and ::operator new[] have exactly the same signature and exactly the same behavior. The same for ::operator delete and ::operator delete[]. The only thing I shouldn't do is pairing operator new with operator delete[] and vice versa - undefined behavior. Other than that which pair do I choose and why?

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• IIS 6 Ram Allocation on Windows Server 2003

  - by chris

  0 down vote favorite share [g+] share [fb] share [tw] I have my IIS 6 running my website. It is on a Windows Server 2003 which has 4GB of RAM. I run SQL intensive code after the user submits a form (math statistics stuff). This process is not threaded (should it be, especially if 2 or more users run the same thing?). But my process seems to consume only a couple of GBs of memory and the server crawls. How do I get my IIS process to use nearly all the memory? I see on other sites that its 2GB or 3GB allocated using boot.ini. But is there another way for the process to use memory? If I make it multithreaded, will there be a process for each thread?

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• Zend php memory memory_limit

  - by RepDetec

  All, I am working on a Zend Framework based web application. We keep encountering out of memory errors on our dev server: Allowed memory size of XXXX bytes exhausted (tried YYYY... We keep increasing memory_limit in php.ini, but it is now up over 1000 megs. What is a normal memory_limit value? What are the usual suspects in php/Zend for running out of memory? We are using the Propel ORM. Thanks for all of the help! Update I cannot reproduce this error in my windows environment. If I set memory_limit low (say 16M), I get the same error, but the "tried to allocate" amount is always something reasonable. For example: (tried to allocate 13344 bytes) If I set the memory very low on the (Fedora 9) server (such as 16M), I get the same thing. consistent, reasonable out of memory errors. However, even when the memory limit is set very high on our server (128M, for example), maybe once a week, I will get an crazy huge memory error: (tried to allocate 1846026201 bytes). I don't know if that might shed any more light onto what is going on. We are using propel 1.5. It sounds like the actual release is going to come out later this month, but it doesn't look like anyone else is having this problem with it anyway. I don't know that Propel is the problem. We are using Zend Server with php 5.2 on the Linux box, and 5.3 locally. Any more ideas? I have a ticket out to get Xdebug installed on the Linux box. Thanks, -rep

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• What does flushing thread local memory to global memory mean?

  - by Jack Griffith

  Hi, I am aware that the purpose of volatile variables in Java is that writes to such variables are immediately visible to other threads. I am also aware that one of the effects of a synchronized block is to flush thread-local memory to global memory. I have never fully understood the references to 'thread-local' memory in this context. I understand that data which only exists on the stack is thread-local, but when talking about objects on the heap my understanding becomes hazy. I was hoping that to get comments on the following points: When executing on a machine with multiple processors, does flushing thread-local memory simply refer to the flushing of the CPU cache into RAM? When executing on a uniprocessor machine, does this mean anything at all? If it is possible for the heap to have the same variable at two different memory locations (each accessed by a different thread), under what circumstances would this arise? What implications does this have to garbage collection? How aggressively do VMs do this kind of thing? Overall, I think am trying to understand whether thread-local means memory that is physically accessible by only one CPU or if there is logical thread-local heap partitioning done by the VM? Any links to presentations or documentation would be immensely helpful. I have spent time researching this, and although I have found lots of nice literature, I haven't been able to satisfy my curiosity regarding the different situations & definitions of thread-local memory. Thanks very much.

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• Im Stumped, Why is UIImage\Texture2d memory not being freed

  - by howsyourface

  I've been looking everywhere trying to find a solution to this problem. Nothing seems to help. I've set up this basic test to try to find the cause of why my memory wasn't being freed up: if (texture != nil) { [texture release]; texture = nil; } else { UIImage* ui = [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"image" ofType:@"png"]]; texture = [[Texture2D alloc] initWithImage:ui]; } Now i would place this in the touches began and test by monitoring the memory usage using intstruments at the start (normally 11.5 - 12mb) after the first touch, with no object existing the texture is created and memory jumps to 13.5 - 14 However, after the second touch the memory does decrease, but only to around 12.5 - 13. There is a noticeable chunk of memory still occupied. I tested this on a much larger scale, loading 10 of these large textures at a time The memory jumps to over 30 mb and remains there, but on the second touch after releasing the textures it only falls to around 22mb. I tried the test another time loading the images in with [uiimage imagenamed:] but because of the caching this method performs it just means that the full 30mb remains in memory.

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• ID3D10Device Memory Allocation Strategy and E_OUTOFMEMORY

  - by Buzz

  Hi,guys, I want to know more detail of memory allocation strategy in D3D10Device. Could you give me some help? First questions is: I know D3D10 has done some work on memory virtualization that means client don't need to consider where the buffer was reserved, GPU memory, AGP memory or Process system memory. Is this correct? Second question is: When I use ID3D10Device to CreateBuffer continuously, no matter what buffer desc type is, for example ID3D10Device::CreateBuffer( ... D3D10_USAGE_DEFAULT ... ); ID3D10Device::CreateBuffer( ... D3D10_USAGE_IMMUTABLE ... ); ID3D10Device::CreateBuffer( ... D3D10_USAGE_DYNAMIC ... ); ID3D10Device::CreateBuffer( ... D3D10_USAGE_STAGING ... ); etc, if CreateBuffer return error code "E_OUTOFMEMORY", does that mean process virtual memory is exhausted? And at this time, memory allocation on process default heap would also be failed? Thanks in advance!

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• Prototypal inheritance should save memory, right?

  - by Techpriester

  Hi Folks, I've been wondering: Using prototypes in JavaScript should be more memory efficient than attaching every member of an object directly to it for the following reasons: The prototype is just one single object. The instances hold only references to their prototype. Versus: Every instance holds a copy of all the members and methods that are defined by the constructor. I started a little experiment with this: var TestObjectFat = function() { this.number = 42; this.text = randomString(1000); } var TestObjectThin = function() { this.number = 42; } TestObjectThin.prototype.text = randomString(1000); randomString(x) just produces a, well, random String of length x. I then instantiated the objects in large quantities like this: var arr = new Array(); for (var i = 0; i < 1000; i++) { arr.push(new TestObjectFat()); // or new TestObjectThin() } ... and checked the memory usage of the browser process (Google Chrome). I know, that's not very exact... However, in both cases the memory usage went up significantly as expected (about 30MB for TestObjectFat), but the prototype variant used not much less memory (about 26MB for TestObjectThin). I also checked: The TestObjectThin instances contain the same string in their "text" property, so they are really using the property of the prototype. Now, I'm not so sure what to think about this. The prototyping doesn't seem to be the big memory saver at all. I know that prototyping is a great idea for many other reasons, but I'm specifically concerned with memory usage here. Any explanations why the prototype variant uses almost the same amount of memory? Am I missing something?

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• maximum memory which malloc can allocate!

  - by Vikas

  I was trying to figure out how much memory I can malloc to maximum extent on my machine (1 Gb RAM 160 Gb HD Windows platform). I read that maximum memory malloc can allocate is limited to physical memory.(on heap) Also when a program exceeds consumption of memory to a certain level, the computer stops working because other applications do not get enough memory that they require. So to confirm,I wrote a small program in C, int main(){ int *p; while(1){ p=(int *)malloc(4); if(!p)break; } } Hoping that there would be a time when memory allocation will fail and loop will be breaked. But my computer hanged as It was an infinite loop. I waited for about an hour and finally I had to forcely shut down my computer. Some questions: Does malloc allocate memory from HD also? What was the reason for above behaviour? Why didn't loop breaked at any point of time.? Why wasn't there any allocation failure?

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• Reading email address from contacts fails with weird memory issue - Solved

  - by CapsicumDreams

  Hi all, I'm stumped. I'm trying to get a list of all the email address a person has. I'm using the ABPeoplePickerNavigationController to select the person, which all seems fine. I'm setting my ABRecordRef personDealingWith; from the person argument to - (BOOL)peoplePickerNavigationController:(ABPeoplePickerNavigationController *)peoplePicker shouldContinueAfterSelectingPerson:(ABRecordRef)person property:(ABPropertyID)property identifier:(ABMultiValueIdentifier)identifier { and everything seems fine up till this point. The first time the following code executes, all is well. When subsequently run, I can get issues. First, the code: // following line seems to make the difference (issue 1) // NSLog(@"%d", ABMultiValueGetCount(ABRecordCopyValue(personDealingWith, kABPersonEmailProperty))); // construct array of emails ABMultiValueRef multi = ABRecordCopyValue(personDealingWith, kABPersonEmailProperty); CFIndex emailCount = ABMultiValueGetCount(multi); if (emailCount > 0) { // collect all emails in array for (CFIndex i = 0; i < emailCount; i++) { CFStringRef emailRef = ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(multi, i); [emailArray addObject:(NSString *)emailRef]; CFRelease(emailRef); } } // following line also matters (issue 2) CFRelease(multi); If compiled as written, the are no errors or static analysis problems. This crashes with a *** -[Not A Type retain]: message sent to deallocated instance 0x4e9dc60 error. But wait, there's more! I can fix it in either of two ways. Firstly, I can uncomment the NSLog at the top of the function. I get a leak from the NSLog's ABRecordCopyValue every time through, but the code seems to run fine. Also, I can comment out the CFRelease(multi); at the end, which does exactly the same thing. Static compilation errors, but running code. So without a leak, this function crashes. To prevent a crash, I need to haemorrhage memory. Neither is a great solution. Can anyone point out what's going on? Solution: It turned out that I wasn't storing the ABRecordRef personDealingWith var correctly. I'm still not sure how to do that properly, but instead of having the functionality in another routine (performed later), I'm now doing the grunt-work in the delegate method, and using the derived results at my leisure. The new (working) routine: - (BOOL)peoplePickerNavigationController:(ABPeoplePickerNavigationController *)peoplePicker shouldContinueAfterSelectingPerson:(ABRecordRef)person { // as soon as they select someone, return personDealingWithFullName = (NSString *)ABRecordCopyCompositeName(person); personDealingWithFirstName = (NSString *)ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonFirstNameProperty); // construct array of emails [personDealingWithEmails removeAllObjects]; ABMutableMultiValueRef multi = ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonEmailProperty); if (ABMultiValueGetCount(multi) > 0) { // collect all emails in array for (CFIndex i = 0; i < ABMultiValueGetCount(multi); i++) { CFStringRef emailRef = ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(multi, i); [personDealingWithEmails addObject:(NSString *)emailRef]; CFRelease(emailRef); } } CFRelease(multi); return NO; }

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• Debian virtual memory reaching limit

  - by Gregor

  As a relative newbie to systems, I inherited a Debian server and I've noticed that virtual memory is very high (around 95%!). The server has been running slow for around 6 months, and I was wondering if any of you had any tips on things I could try, particularly on freeing up memory. The server hosts various websites and also a Postit email server. Here are the details: Operating system Debian Linux 5.0 Webmin version 1.580 Time on system Thu Apr 12 11:12:21 2012 Kernel and CPU Linux 2.6.18-6-amd64 on x86_64 Processor information Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU E7400 @ 2.80GHz, 2 cores System uptime 229 days, 12 hours, 50 minutes Running processes 138 CPU load averages 0.10 (1 min) 0.28 (5 mins) 0.36 (15 mins) CPU usage 14% user, 1% kernel, 0% IO, 85% idle Real memory 2.94 GB total, 1.69 GB used Virtual memory 3.93 GB total, 3.84 GB used Local disk space 142.84 GB total, 116.13 GB used Free m output: free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3010 2517 492 0 107 996 -/+ buffers/cache: 1413 1596 Swap: 4024 3930 93 Top output: top - 11:59:57 up 229 days, 13:38, 1 user, load average: 0.26, 0.24, 0.26 Tasks: 136 total, 2 running, 134 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 3.8%us, 0.5%sy, 0.0%ni, 95.0%id, 0.7%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 3082544k total, 2773160k used, 309384k free, 111496k buffers Swap: 4120632k total, 4024712k used, 95920k free, 1036136k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 28796 www-data 16 0 304m 68m 6188 S 8 2.3 0:03.13 apache2 1 root 15 0 10304 592 564 S 0 0.0 0:00.76 init 2 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:04.06 migration/0 3 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:05.67 ksoftirqd/0 4 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0 5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.06 migration/1 6 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:01.26 ksoftirqd/1 7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1 8 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.12 events/0 9 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 events/1 10 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper 11 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.02 kthread 16 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:15.51 kblockd/0 17 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:01.32 kblockd/1 18 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kacpid 127 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 khubd 129 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kseriod 180 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 70:09.05 kswapd0 181 root 17 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 aio/0 182 root 17 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 aio/1 780 root 16 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 ata/0 782 root 16 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 ata/1 783 root 16 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 ata_aux 802 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_0 803 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_1 804 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_2 805 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_3 1013 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 49:27.78 kjournald 1181 root 15 -4 16912 452 448 S 0 0.0 0:00.05 udevd 1544 root 14 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kpsmoused 1706 root 13 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kmirrord 1995 root 18 0 193m 3324 1688 S 0 0.1 8:52.77 rsyslogd 2031 root 15 0 48856 732 608 S 0 0.0 0:01.86 sshd 2071 root 25 0 17316 1072 1068 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 mysqld_safe 2108 mysql 15 0 320m 72m 4368 S 0 2.4 1923:25 mysqld 2109 root 18 0 3776 500 496 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 logger 2180 postgres 15 0 99504 3016 2880 S 0 0.1 1:24.15 postgres 2184 postgres 15 0 99504 3596 3420 S 0 0.1 0:02.08 postgres 2185 postgres 15 0 99504 696 628 S 0 0.0 0:00.65 postgres 2186 postgres 15 0 99640 892 648 S 0 0.0 0:01.18 postgres

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• Failed to allocate memory - What is it trying to say?

  - by asprin

  In my early days of programming I often used to get memory related fatal errors in the following format: Fatal error: Allowed memory size of <some big number> bytes exhausted (tried to allocate <some small number> bytes) in /path/to/filename.php on line <some line number> I'm a little embarrassed to state that even though I have figured out how to solve them and take steps to avoid them altogether, I'm still not quite sure what exactly does the message translate to in simple words. For example, if I get a message such as: Fatal error: Allowed memory size of 67108864 bytes exhausted (tried to allocate 4000 bytes) in ........ on line 34 As things stand at the moment, I assume it to be stating that the script consumes 67108864 bytes of data, but only 4000 bytes are available during runtime. Am I right in my assumption? If not, what's the correct interpretation?

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• GetIpAddrTable() leaks memory. How to resolve that?

  - by Stabledog

  On my Windows 7 box, this simple program causes the memory use of the application to creep up continuously, with no upper bound. I've stripped out everything non-essential, and it seems clear that the culprit is the Microsoft Iphlpapi function "GetIpAddrTable()". On each call, it leaks some memory. In a loop (e.g. checking for changes to the network interface list), it is unsustainable. There seems to be no async notification API which could do this job, so now I'm faced with possibly having to isolate this logic into a separate process and recycle the process periodically -- an ugly solution. Any ideas? // IphlpLeak.cpp - demonstrates that GetIpAddrTable leaks memory internally: run this and watch // the memory use of the app climb up continuously with no upper bound. #include <stdio.h> #include <windows.h> #include <assert.h> #include <Iphlpapi.h> #pragma comment(lib,"Iphlpapi.lib") void testLeak() { static unsigned char buf[16384]; DWORD dwSize(sizeof(buf)); if (GetIpAddrTable((PMIB_IPADDRTABLE)buf, &dwSize, false) == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) { assert(0); // we never hit this branch. return; } } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { for ( int i = 0; true; i++ ) { testLeak(); printf("i=%d\n",i); Sleep(1000); } return 0; }

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• Linux server is only using 60% of memory, then swapping

  - by Kamil Kisiel

  I've got a Linux server that's running our bacula backup system. The machine is grinding like mad because it's going heavy in to swap. The problem is, it's only using 60% of its physical memory! Here's the output from free -m: free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3949 2356 1593 0 0 1 -/+ buffers/cache: 2354 1595 Swap: 7629 1804 5824 and some sample output from vmstat 1: procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- -----cpu------ r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st 0 2 1843536 1634512 0 4188 54 13 2524 666 2 1 1 1 89 9 0 1 11 1845916 1640724 0 388 2700 4816 221880 4879 14409 170721 4 3 63 30 0 0 9 1846096 1643952 0 0 4956 756 174832 804 12357 159306 3 4 63 30 0 0 11 1846104 1643532 0 0 4916 540 174320 580 10609 139960 3 4 64 29 0 0 4 1846084 1640272 0 2336 4080 524 140408 548 9331 118287 3 4 63 30 0 0 8 1846104 1642096 0 1488 2940 432 102516 457 7023 82230 2 4 65 29 0 0 5 1846104 1642268 0 1276 3704 452 126520 452 9494 119612 3 5 65 27 0 3 12 1846104 1641528 0 328 6092 608 187776 636 8269 113059 4 3 64 29 0 2 2 1846084 1640960 0 724 5948 0 111480 0 7751 116370 4 4 63 29 0 0 4 1846100 1641484 0 404 4144 1476 125760 1500 10668 105358 2 3 71 25 0 0 13 1846104 1641932 0 0 5872 828 153808 840 10518 128447 3 4 70 22 0 0 8 1846096 1639172 0 3164 3556 556 74884 580 5082 65362 2 2 73 23 0 1 4 1846080 1638676 0 396 4512 28 50928 44 2672 38277 2 2 80 16 0 0 3 1846080 1628808 0 7132 2636 0 28004 8 1358 14090 0 1 78 20 0 0 2 1844728 1618552 0 11140 7680 0 12740 8 763 2245 0 0 82 18 0 0 2 1837764 1532056 0 101504 2952 0 95644 24 802 3817 0 1 87 12 0 0 11 1842092 1633324 0 4416 1748 10900 143144 11024 6279 134442 3 3 70 24 0 2 6 1846104 1642756 0 0 4768 468 78752 468 4672 60141 2 2 76 20 0 1 12 1846104 1640792 0 236 4752 440 140712 464 7614 99593 3 5 58 34 0 0 3 1846084 1630368 0 6316 5104 0 20336 0 1703 22424 1 1 72 26 0 2 17 1846104 1638332 0 3168 4080 1720 211960 1744 11977 155886 3 4 65 28 0 1 10 1846104 1640800 0 132 4488 556 126016 584 8016 106368 3 4 63 29 0 0 14 1846104 1639740 0 2248 3436 428 114188 452 7030 92418 3 3 59 35 0 1 6 1846096 1639504 0 1932 5500 436 141412 460 8261 112210 4 4 63 29 0 0 10 1846104 1640164 0 3052 4028 448 147684 472 7366 109554 4 4 61 30 0 0 10 1846100 1641040 0 2332 4952 632 147452 664 8767 118384 3 4 63 30 0 4 8 1846084 1641092 0 664 4948 276 152264 292 6448 98813 5 5 62 28 0 Furthermore, the output of top sorted by CPU time seems to support the theory that swap is what's bogging down the system: top - 09:05:32 up 37 days, 23:24, 1 user, load average: 9.75, 8.24, 7.12 Tasks: 173 total, 1 running, 172 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 1.6%us, 1.4%sy, 0.0%ni, 76.1%id, 20.6%wa, 0.1%hi, 0.2%si, 0.0%st Mem: 4044632k total, 2405628k used, 1639004k free, 0k buffers Swap: 7812492k total, 1851852k used, 5960640k free, 436k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ TIME COMMAND 4174 root 17 0 63156 176 56 S 8 0.0 2138:52 35,38 bacula-fd 4185 root 17 0 63352 284 104 S 6 0.0 1709:25 28,29 bacula-sd 240 root 15 0 0 0 0 D 3 0.0 831:55.19 831:55 kswapd0 2852 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 1 0.0 126:35.59 126:35 xfsbufd 2849 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 119:50.94 119:50 xfsbufd 1364 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 117:05.39 117:05 xfsbufd 21 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 1 0.0 48:03.44 48:03 events/3 6940 postgres 16 0 43596 8 8 S 0 0.0 46:50.35 46:50 postmaster 1342 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 23:14.34 23:14 xfsdatad/4 5415 root 17 0 1770m 108 48 S 0 0.0 15:03.74 15:03 bacula-dir 23 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 13:09.71 13:09 events/5 5604 root 17 0 1216m 500 200 S 0 0.0 12:38.20 12:38 java 5552 root 16 0 1194m 580 248 S 0 0.0 11:58.00 11:58 java Here's the same sorted by virtual memory image size: top - 09:08:32 up 37 days, 23:27, 1 user, load average: 8.43, 8.26, 7.32 Tasks: 173 total, 1 running, 172 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 3.6%us, 3.4%sy, 0.0%ni, 62.2%id, 30.2%wa, 0.2%hi, 0.3%si, 0.0%st Mem: 4044632k total, 2404212k used, 1640420k free, 0k buffers Swap: 7812492k total, 1852548k used, 5959944k free, 100k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ TIME COMMAND 5415 root 17 0 1770m 56 44 S 0 0.0 15:03.78 15:03 bacula-dir 5604 root 17 0 1216m 492 200 S 0 0.0 12:38.30 12:38 java 5552 root 16 0 1194m 476 200 S 0 0.0 11:58.20 11:58 java 4598 root 16 0 117m 44 44 S 0 0.0 0:13.37 0:13 eventmond 9614 gdm 16 0 93188 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.30 0:00 gdmgreeter 5527 root 17 0 78716 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.30 0:00 gdm 4185 root 17 0 63352 284 104 S 20 0.0 1709:52 28,29 bacula-sd 4174 root 17 0 63156 208 88 S 24 0.0 2139:25 35,39 bacula-fd 10849 postgres 18 0 54740 216 108 D 0 0.0 0:31.40 0:31 postmaster 6661 postgres 17 0 49432 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:03.50 0:03 postmaster 5507 root 15 0 47980 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 0:00 gdm 6940 postgres 16 0 43596 16 16 S 0 0.0 46:51.39 46:51 postmaster 5304 postgres 16 0 40580 132 88 S 0 0.0 6:21.79 6:21 postmaster 5301 postgres 17 0 40448 24 24 S 0 0.0 0:32.17 0:32 postmaster 11280 root 16 0 40288 28 28 S 0 0.0 0:00.11 0:00 sshd 5534 root 17 0 37580 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:56.18 0:56 X 30870 root 30 15 31668 28 28 S 0 0.0 1:13.38 1:13 snmpd 5305 postgres 17 0 30628 16 16 S 0 0.0 0:11.60 0:11 postmaster 27403 postfix 17 0 30248 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:02.76 0:02 qmgr 10815 postfix 15 0 30208 16 16 S 0 0.0 0:00.02 0:00 pickup 5306 postgres 16 0 29760 20 20 S 0 0.0 0:52.89 0:52 postmaster 5302 postgres 17 0 29628 64 32 S 0 0.0 1:00.64 1:00 postmaster I've tried tuning the swappiness kernel parameter to both high and low values, but nothing appears to change the behavior here. I'm at a loss to figure out what's going on. How can I find out what's causing this? Update: The system is a fully 64-bit system, so there should be no question of memory limitations due to 32-bit issues. Update2: As I mentioned in the original question, I've already tried tuning swappiness to all sorts of values, including 0. The result is always the same, with approximately 1.6 GB of memory remaining unused. Update3: Added top output to the above info.

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• cache memory performance

  - by Krewie

  Hello, i just have a general question about cache memory. How would a program perform badly on a cache based system ? , since cache memory stores adresses from main memory that is requested, aswell as adresses that ranges around the same adress as the one copied from the main memory.

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• Checking Available Memory allocation in C#

  - by Jepe d Hepe

  i need to create a function in my application to set its available memory usage. What i want to do is when the application is running, and it reaches to the set memory settings, i'll have to switch from saving to the memory to saving to a file to the local drive to avoid application hang. Is this a better way to do? What things to consider when doing this in terms of memory allocation? Hope you understand :) Thanks, Jepe

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• How can i see if dealloc is being called on a uikit object, or any object not created by myself

  - by Gyozo Kudor

  I think i have an UIImage that has a higher retain count than it should have and i am probably leaking memory. I use this image as a thumbnail, to set a custom background to a uibutton. So the uibutton is holding a reference to it and so do i. But instead of 2, the retainCount is 3. Do i have to create a custom UIImage derived class and override dealloc if I want to place a log message there and then change the class used from UIImage to my class, or is there an easier way. Thanks in advance.

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• Memory ReAllocation

  - by davispuh

  What is the right and best way to reallocate memory? for example I allocate 100 bytes with WinAPI function HeapAlloc then I fill 100 bytes of that memory with some data and now I want to add more new data at end of previous... What Should I do? Make a new allocation with more bytes and then copy old+new to new location and free old memory? Or there is some way to allocate new memory at end of old data and then copy only new data?

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• Dynamic memory managment under Linux

  - by petersohn

  I know that under Windows, there are API functions like global_alloc() and such, which allocate memory, and return a handle, then this handle can be locked and a pointer returned, then unlocked again. When unlocked, the system can move this piece of memory around when it runs low on space, optimising memory usage. My question is that is there something similar under Linux, and if not, how does Linux optimize its memory usage?

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