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• How does symbol binding work for shared libraries in linux

  - by bbazso

  When compiling a cpp program with g++ -O0 I noticed that my binary does not contain the symbol for the empty string (basic_string): _S_empty_rep_storage When I do compile this same program with -O2 I notice that the aforementioned symbol is indeed contained within the binary as follows (using nm on the bin): 00000000006029a0 V _ZNSs4_Rep20_S_empty_rep_storageE@@GLIBCXX_3.4 My application uses several .so (dynamic libraries) and when my aplication loads I notice that several of these .so files bind as follows (I set LD_DEBUG=all and ran my program): 28596: binding file /home/bbazso/usr/local/lib/mydynamiclib.so [0] to /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_ZNSs4_Rep20_S_empty_rep_storageE' [GLIBCXX_3.4] 28596: binding file /home/bbazso/usr/local/lib/mydynamiclib.so [0] to /home/bbazso/workspace/mytestapplication [0]: normal symbol `_ZNSs4_Rep20_S_empty_rep_storageE' [GLIBCXX_3.4] 28596: binding file /home/bbazso/workspace/mytestapplication [0] to /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_ZNSs4_Rep20_S_empty_rep_storageE' [GLIBCXX_3.4]** But I also noticed that one of my .so only binds as follows: 28087: binding file /home/bbazso/usr/local/lib/anotherdynamiclib.so [0] to /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_ZNSs4_Rep20_S_empty_rep_storageE' [GLIBCXX_3.4] but never binds to the binary (mytestapplication) as shown above for the mydynamiclib.so. So I was wondering what this actually means? Does this mean that anotherdynamiclib.so will use a different symbol for the empty string above than the rest of the application? I guess what I'm really asking is how does symbol binding work in the context of the example above? Thanks!

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• How do I get netcat to accept connections from outside the LAN?

  - by Chris

  I'm using netcat as a backend to shovel data back and forth for a program I'm making. I tested my program on the local network, and once it worked I thought it would be a matter of simply forwarding a port from my router to have my program work over the internet. Alas! This seems not to be the case. If I start netcat listening on port 6666 with: nc -vv -l -p 6666, then go to 127.0.0.1:6666 in a browser, as expected I see a HTTP GET request come through netcat (and my browser sits waiting in vain). If I go to my.external.ip.address:6666, however, nothing comes through at all and the browser displays 'could not connect to my.external.ip.address:6666'. I know that the port is correctly forwarded, as www.canyouseeme.org says port 6666 is open (and when netcat is not listening, that its closed). If I run netcat with -g my.adslmodem's.local.address to set the gateway address, I get the same behavior. Am I using this command line option correctly? Any insight as to what I'm doing wrong?

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• Convert Normalize table to Unormalize table

  - by M R Jafari

  I have tow tables, Table A has 3 columns as StudentID, Name, Course, ClassID and Table B has many columns as StudentID, Name, Other1, Other2, Other3 ... I want convert Table A to Table B. Please help me! Table A StudentID Name Course ClassID 85001 David Data Base 11 85001 David Data Structure 22 85002 Bob Math 33 85002 Bob Data Base 44 85002 Bob Data Structure 55 85002 Bob C# 66 85003 Sara C# 77 85003 Sara Data Base 88 85004 Mary Math 99 85005 Mary Math 100 … Table B SdentdID Name Other 1 Other 2 Other 3 Other 4 … 85001 David DBase,11 DS,22 85002 Bob Math,33 DB,44 DS,55 C#,66 85003 Sara C#,77 DBase,88 85004 Mary Math,99

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• files build execution order

  - by Mahesh

  Hi, I have a data structure which is as given below: class File { public string Value { get; set; } public File[] Dependencies { get; set; } public bool Change { get; private set; } public File(string value,File[] dependencies) { Value = value; Dependencies = dependencies; Change = false; } } Basically, this data structure follows a typical build execution of files. Each File has a value and a list of dependencies which is again of type File. Every file is exposed with a property called Change which tells whether the file is changed or not. I brainstormed to form a algorithm which goes through all these files and build in an order( i.e typical build process ) but haven't got a better algorithm. Can anyone throw some light on this? Thanks a lot. Mahesh

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• C# - Help with LINQ

  - by cmaduro

  I need to check if a certain property exists within a class. Please refer to the LINQ query in question. For the life of me I cannot make the compiler happy. class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { ModuleManager m = new ModuleManager(); IModule module = m.FindModuleForView(typeof(HomeView)); Console.WriteLine(module.GetType().ToString()); Console.ReadLine(); } } public class ModuleManager { [ImportMany] public IEnumerable<Lazy<IModule>> Modules { get; set; } [ImportMany] public IEnumerable<Lazy<View>> Views { get; set; } public ModuleManager() { //An aggregate catalog that combines multiple catalogs var catalog = new AggregateCatalog(); //Adds all the parts found in the same assembly as the Program class catalog.Catalogs.Add(new AssemblyCatalog(typeof(Program).Assembly)); //Create the CompositionContainer with the parts in the catalog _container = new CompositionContainer(catalog); //Fill the imports of this object try { this._container.ComposeParts(this); } catch (CompositionException compositionException) { Console.WriteLine(compositionException.ToString()); } } public IModule FindModuleForView(Type view) { //THIS IS THE PROBLEM var module = from m in Modules where ( from p in m.Value.GetType().GetProperties() where p.GetType().Equals(view) select p ) select m; } public CompositionContainer _container { get; set; } } public interface IModule { } [Export] public class HomeModule : IModule { public HomeModule() { } [Export] public HomeView MyHomeView { get { return new HomeView(); } set { } } } public class HomeView : View { } public class View { }

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• How to compile Python scripts for use in FORTRAN?

  - by Vincent Poirier

  Hello, Although I found many answers and discussions about this question, I am unable to find a solution particular to my situation. Here it is: I have a main program written in FORTRAN. I have been given a set of python scripts that are very useful. My goal is to access these python scripts from my main FORTRAN program. Currently, I simply call the scripts from FORTRAN as such: CALL SYSTEM ('python pyexample.py') Data is read from .dat files and written to .dat files. This is how the python scripts and the main FORTRAN program communicate to each other. I am currently running my code on my local machine. I have python installed with numpy, scipy, etc. My problem: The code needs to run on a remote server. For strictly FORTRAN code, I compile the code locally and send the executable to the server where it waits in a queue. However, the server does not have python installed. The server is being used as a number crunching station between universities and industry. Installing python along with the necessary modules on the server is not an option. This means that my “CALL SYSTEM ('python pyexample.py')” strategy no longer works. Solution?: I found some information on a couple of things in thread http://stackoverflow.com/questions/138521/is-it-feasible-to-compile-python-to-machine-code Shedskin, Psyco, Cython, Pypy, Cpython API These “modules”(? Not sure if that's what to call them) seem to compile python script to C code or C++. Apparently not all python features can be translated to C. As well, some of these appear to be experimental. Is it possible to compile my python scripts with my FORTRAN code? There exists f2py which converts FORTRAN code to python, but it doesn't work the other way around. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thank you for your time. Vincent PS: I'm using python 2.6 on Ubuntu

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• XML output from MySQL

  - by NumberFour

  Hi, is there any chance of getting the output from a MySQL query directly to XML? Im referring to something like MSSQL has with SQL-XML plugin, for example: SELECT * FROM table WHERE 1 FOR XML AUTO returns text (or xml data type in MSSQL to be precise) which contains an XML markup structure generated according to the columns in the table. With SQL-XML there is also an option of explicitly defining the output XML structure like this: SELECT 1 AS tag, NULL AS parent, emp_id AS [employee!1!emp_id], cust_id AS [customer!2!cust_id], region AS [customer!2!region] FROM table FOR XML EXPLICIT which generates an XML code as follows: <employee emp_id='129'> <customer cust_id='107' region='Eastern'/> </employee> Do you have any clues how to achieve this in MySQL? Thanks in advance for your answers.

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• WTK emulator bluetooth connection problem

  - by Gokhan B.

  Hi! I'm developing a J2ME program with eclipse / WTK 2.5.2 and having problem with connecting two emulators using bluetooth. There is one server and one .client running on two different emulators. The problem is client program cannot discover any bluetooth device. Here is the server and client codes: public Server() { try { LocalDevice local = LocalDevice.getLocalDevice(); local.setDiscoverable(DiscoveryAgent.GIAC); server = (StreamConnectionNotifier) Connector.open("btspp://localhost:" + UUID_STRING + ";name=" + SERVICE_NAME); Util.Log("EchoServer() Server connector open!"); } catch (Exception e) {} } after calling Connector.open, I get following warning in console, which i believe is related: Warning: Unregistered device: unspecified and client code that searches for devices: public SearchForDevices(String uuid, String nm) { UUIDStr = uuid; srchServiceName = nm; try { LocalDevice local = LocalDevice.getLocalDevice(); agent = local.getDiscoveryAgent(); deviceList = new Vector(); agent.startInquiry(DiscoveryAgent.GIAC, this); // non-blocking } catch (Exception e) {} } system never calls deviceDiscovered, but calls inquiryCompleted() with INQUIRY_COMPLETED paramter, so I suppose client program runs fine. Bluetooth is enabled at emulator settings.. any ideas ?

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• Opencv application crashes at runtime with error code 0x0000142

  - by Tuan Anh

  I have openCV and minGW installed with codeblock IDE following the instructions found here http://kevinhughes.ca/tutorials/opencv-install-on-windows-with-codeblocks-and-mingw/ i tried the simple image loading program in the article and the build process went fine. but when i tried running the output program, it crashes with the error message "the application was unable to start correctly (0xc0000142). Click OK to close the application." I used Dependency Walker to see if the program failed to load dll module and here's the output screen of Dependency Walker https://www.dropbox.com/s/f9iaftdt8atjwpl/Screenshot%202013-11-05%2022.21.45.png i am not used to DW but as i can see in its output screen, some openCV dll failed to load and the loaded Windows DLL were 64 bit instead of 32 bit (as minGW is 32 bit). I can't figure out why as i already configure the Path environment variable for the bin directory of openCV and the app still can not load the dll modules. And i think that Windows will automatically load the proper 32 bit DLLs when a 32 bit app is run but this situation the app still failed to load. Anyone has ideas?

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• update variable based upon results from .NET backgroundworker

  - by Bruce

  I've got a C# program that talks to an instrument (spectrum analyzer) over a network. I need to be able to change a large number of parameters in the instrument and read them back into my program. I want to use backgroundworker to do the actual talking to the instrument so that UI performance doesn't suffer. The way this works is - 1) send command to the instrument with new parameter value, 2) read parameter back from the instrument so I can see what actually happened (for example, I try to set the center frequency above the max that the instrument will handle and it tells me what it will actually handle), and 3) update a program variable with the actual value received from the instrument. Because there are quite a few parameters to be updated I'd like to use a generic routine. The part I can't seem to get my brain around is updating the variable in my code with what comes back from the instrument via backgroundworker. If I used a separate RunWorkerCompleted event for each parameter I could hardwire the update directly to the variable. I'd like to come up with a way of using a single routine that's capable of updating any of the variables. All I can come up with is passing a reference number (different for each parameter) and using a switch statement in the RunWorkerCompleted handler to direct the result. There has to be a better way.

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• Rails XML Builder - Code refactoring

  - by Vijay Dev

  I have written the following code in my Rails app to generate XML. I am using Aptana IDE to do Rails development and the IDE shows a warning that the code structure is identical in both the blocks. What changes can be done to the code to remove the duplicity in structure? Is there any other way to write the same? xml.roles do @rolesList.each do |r| xml.role(:id => r["role_id"], :name => r["role_name"]) end end xml.levels do @levelsList.each do |lvl| xml.level(:id => lvl["level_id"], :name => lvl["level_name"]) end end

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• What does a well formed XML or Schema look like for InfoPath form creation?

  - by Keith Sirmons

  Howdy, Are there any resources out there that defines how a well formed XML or Schema may look like for InfoPath? When designing a new form, there is an option to base the new form off of an existing XML document or XML Schema as the data source. I am looking for any guidelines or rules that will help me make sure the structure of the XML file I use to create the form will work the best it could work. I am creating the XML structure for another project, but we want to make sure the XML that is created would be InfoPath friendly for possible future applications. Thank you, Keith

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• I am getting an error when trying to use melt() on a dataframe containing Dates

  - by Dan

  I'd like to melt the dataframe so that in one column i have dates in a second i have username as the variable and finally the value. I'm getting this error: Error in as.Date.numeric(value) : 'origin' must be supplied and while I understand the error I'm not exactly sure how to get around it. A small sample of the data is: structure(list(created_at = structure(c(14007, 14008, 14009, 14010, 14011, 14012), class = "Date"), benjamin = c(16, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), byron = c(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), cameronc = c(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), daniel = c(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), djdiaz = c(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), gene = c(16, 77, 64, 38, 72, 36), joel = c(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2), kerem = c(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), sophia = c(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), SuperMoonMan = c(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)), .Names = c("created_at", "benjamin", "byron", "cameronc", "daniel", "djdiaz", "gene", "joel", "kerem", "sophia", "SuperMoonMan"), row.names = c(NA, 6L), class = c("cast_df", "data.frame")) Thanks for your help.

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• Converting a large SQL Server Database to Azure Storage

  - by Laith

  Hi guys, I have a very large database structure, (Data is not important at this point, I can migrate the info in the db pretty easily if the structure is done) , all reside in SQL Server and I even published it to SQL Azure, but thinking about the limitation of SQL Azure in size, made me decide to switch most of the tables that do not need all the bells and whistles of SQL Azure to Azure Table and blob storage. I was thinking of creating a TT template that dose that, but was wondering if their is a tool that do that. Any ideas or thoughts. The only tables that i would keep in SQL Azure would anything related to transactions like payments. Appreciate your thoughts and advice

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• Using Fantom USB Driver from JNI

  - by Starky

  I'm having some difficulty with JNI. I'm using JNI to call some Java methods from a C++ program. This implementation of JNI is working fine. The goal of the Java program is to send commands over USB to a LEGO robot using LEJOS. This works fine when running the Java program by itself but for some reason when I call the methods from C++ the robot cannot be detected. My only lead so far is that there may be some problem using the Fantom USB driver from a JNI call. This is the driver that's used for the USB connection to the robot. I've had a quick look at the code for the driver and it looks like it makes use of JNI too. So I guess I'm asking the following things: What differences could there be between calling code from JNI and executing it through command prompt with the 'java classname args' method which could cause this problem? Could it be that there is some problem with me using JNI in C++ when the driver that's being used uses JNI as well? I won't post any code just now as I don't think it's really relevant but if anyone thinks that they need to see it then I can add it.

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• unable to use turboc through xp. why? solution?

  - by Fizz

  hi, im having problems opening directly turboc++ compiler(dos version) on xp. if i d-click on the tc icon through windows gui it opens for a sec(a blank dos screen) and shuts down. so i hv to acces through cmd and then adress of turboc and tc i.e., cmd (enter) c:\tc\bin (enter) tc.exe this way tc opens and im able to program all text programming.. why do i have to always start tc through dos..why can't i start it through xp. also,after starting tc through dos, im unable to execute any graphics program through it.. i write a simple code for creating a circle using predefined functions.. all directories have been set as per req. when i compile and run the prog. tc exits and returns to dos cmd prompt. why does this happen? solution? i hv also tried using dos box to run turboc. it closes automatically on executing the grapics program.. plzz help...

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• Debugging strategy to find the cause of bad_alloc

  - by SalamiArmi

  I have a fairly serious bug in my program - occasional calls to new() throw a bad_alloc. From the documentation I can find on bad_alloc, it seems to be thrown for these reasons: When the computer runs out of memory (which definitely isn't happening, I have 4GB of RAM, program throws bad_alloc when using less than 5MB (checked in taskmanager) with nothing serious running in the background). If the memory becomes too fragmented to allocate new blocks (which, again, is unlikely - the largest sized block I ever allocate would be about 1KB, and that doesn't get done more than 100 times before the crash occurs). Based on these descriptions, I don't really have anywhere in which a bad_alloc could be thrown. However, the application I am running runs more than one thread, which could possibly be contributing to the problem. By testing all of the objects on a single thread, everything seems to be working smoothly. The only other thing that I can think of that is going on here could be some kind of race-condition caused by calling new() in more than one place at the same time, but I've tried adding mutexes to prevent that behaviour to no effect. Because the program is several hundred lines and I have no idea where the problem actually lies, I'm not sure of what, if any, code snippets to post. Instead, I was wondering if there were any tools that will help me test for this kind of thing, or if there are any general strategies that can help me with this problem. I'm using Microsoft Visual Studio 2008, with Poco for threading.

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• Replace values in a dataframe based on another factor which contains NA's in R

  - by PaulHurleyuk

  I have a dataframe which contains (among other things) a numeric column with a concentration, and a factor column with a status flag. This status flag contains NA's. Here's an example df<-structure(list(conc = c(101.769, 1.734, 62.944, 92.697, 25.091, 27.377, 24.343, 55.084, 0.335, 23.280), status = structure(c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 2L, NA, 1L, NA), .Label = c("<LLOQ", "NR"), class = "factor")), .Names = c("conc", "status"), row.names = c(NA, -10L), class = "data.frame") I want to replace the concentration column with a string for some values of the flag column, or with the concentration value formatted to a certain number of significant digits. When I try this ifelse(df$status=="NR","NR",df$conc) The NA's in the status flag don't trigger either the true or false condition (and return NA) - as the documentation suggests it will. I could loop over the rows and use IF then else on each one but this seems inefficient. Am I missing something ? I've tried as.character(df$status) as well which doesn't work. My mojo must be getting low....

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• python raw_input odd behavior with accents containing strings

  - by Ryan

  I'm writing a program that asks the user for input that contains accents. The user input string is tested to see if it matches a string declared in the program. As you can see below, my code is not working: code # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- testList = ['má'] myInput = raw_input('enter something here: ') print myInput, repr(myInput) print testList[0], repr(testList[0]) print myInput in testList output in eclipse with pydev enter something here: má mv° 'm\xe2\x88\x9a\xc2\xb0' má 'm\xc3\xa1' False output in IDLE enter something here: má má u'm\xe1' má 'm\xc3\xa1' Warning (from warnings module): File "/Users/ryanculkin/Desktop/delete.py", line 8 print myInput in testList UnicodeWarning: Unicode equal comparison failed to convert both arguments to Unicode - interpreting them as being unequal False How can I get my code to print True when comparing the two strings? Additionally, I note that the result of running this code on the same input is different depending on whether I use eclipse or IDLE. Why is this? My eventual goal is to put my program on the web; is there anything that I need to be aware of, since the result seems to be so volatile?

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• How can I effectively test against the Windows API?

  - by Billy ONeal

  I'm still having issues justifying TDD to myself. As I have mentioned in other questions, 90% of the code I write does absolutely nothing but Call some Windows API functions and Print out the data returned from said functions. The time spent coming up with the fake data that the code needs to process under TDD is incredible -- I literally spend 5 times as much time coming up with the example data as I would spend just writing application code. Part of this problem is that often I'm programming against APIs with which I have little experience, which forces me to write small applications that show me how the real API behaves so that I can write effective fakes/mocks on top of that API. Writing implementation first is the opposite of TDD, but in this case it is unavoidable: I do not know how the real API behaves, so how on earth am I going to be able to create a fake implementation of the API without playing with it? I have read several books on the subject, including Kent Beck's Test Driven Development, By Example, and Michael Feathers' Working Effectively with Legacy Code, which seem to be gospel for TDD fanatics. Feathers' book comes close in the way it describes breaking out dependencies, but even then, the examples provided have one thing in common: The program under test obtains input from other parts of the program under test. My programs do not follow that pattern. Instead, the only input to the program itself is the system upon which it runs. How can one effectively employ TDD on such a project?

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• How can a Delphi TForm / TPersistent object calculate its own construction and deserialization time?

  - by mjustin

  For performance tests I need a way to measure the time needed for a form to load its definition from the DFM. All existing forms inherit a custom form class. To capture the current time, this base class needs overriden methods as "extension points": start of the deserialization process after the deserialization (can be implemented by overriding the Loaded procedure) the moment just before the execution of the OnFormCreate event So the log for TMyForm.Create(nil) could look like: - 00.000 instance created - 00.010 before deserialization - 01.823 after deserialization - 02.340 before OnFormCreate Which TObject (or TComponent) methods are best suited? Maybe there are other extension points in the form creation process, please feel free to make suggestions. Background: for some of our app forms which have a very basic structure (with some PageControls and QuantumGrids) I realized that it is not database access and other stuff in OnFormShow but the construction which took most of the time (around 2 seconds) which makes me wonder where this time is spent. As a reference object I will also build a mock form which has a similar structure but no code or datamodule connections and measure its creation time.

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• Build failed question - maven - jre or jdk problem

  - by Gandalf StormCrow

  Hi all, I have my JAVA_HOME set to C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.6.0_18 After I run maven install I get this message from eclipse: Reason: Unable to locate the Javac Compiler in: C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jre6\..\lib\tools.jar Please ensure you are using JDK 1.4 or above and not a JRE (the com.sun.tools.javac.Main class is required). In most cases you can change the location of your Java installation by setting the JAVA_HOME environment variable. I'm certain that this is the tricky part Please ensure you are using JDK 1.4 or above and not a JRE When I run configuration its set to JRE6, how do I change it to JDK 1.6 which I have already installed EDIT I even tried to modify the plugin : <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.0.2</version> <configuration> <source>1.6</source> <target>1.6</target> <executable>C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.6.0_18\bin</executable> </configuration> </plugin> Still I get the same error Maybe I forgot to say I use eclipse maven plugin .. how can I change from JRE to JDK in eclipse ?

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• python: nonblocking subprocess, check stdout

  - by Will Cavanagh

  Ok so the problem I'm trying to solve is this: I need to run a program with some flags set, check on its progress and report back to a server. So I need my script to avoid blocking while the program executes, but I also need to be able to read the output. Unfortunately, I don't think any of the methods available from Popen will read the output without blocking. I tried the following, which is a bit hack-y (are we allowed to read and write to the same file from two different objects?) import time import subprocess from subprocess import * with open("stdout.txt", "wb") as outf: with open("stderr.txt", "wb") as errf: command = ['Path\\To\\Program.exe', 'para', 'met', 'ers'] p = subprocess.Popen(command, stdout=outf, stderr=errf) isdone = False while not isdone : with open("stdout.txt", "rb") as readoutf: #this feels wrong for line in readoutf: print(line) print("waiting...\\r\\n") if(p.poll() != None) : done = True time.sleep(1) output = p.communicate()[0] print(output) Unfortunately, Popen doesn't seem to write to my file until after the command terminates. Does anyone know of a way to do this? I'm not dedicated to using python, but I do need to send POST requests to a server in the same script, so python seemed like an easier choice than, say, shell scripting. Thanks! Will

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• ClassNotFoundException when connecting to Mysql with JDBC

  - by Jacob Lyles

  I'm getting the following error when I try to run a simple Java JDBC program at the command line: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: LoadDriver/java Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: LoadDriver.java at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:200) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:188) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:315) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:330) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:250) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:398) Here's the simple Java program, copied right out of the JDBC docs: import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.SQLException; // Notice, do not import com.mysql.jdbc.* // or you will have problems! public class LoadDriver { public static void main(String[] args) { try { // The newInstance() call is a work around for some // broken Java implementations Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance(); } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; // handle the error } } } Problem is, I'm bloody sure my bash shell $ClASSPATH variable is pointed at the correct .jar file. To be sure, I copied the JDBC .jar to the same directory as my program and ran it as follows: java -classpath ./mysql-connector-java-5.1.12-bin.jar LoadDriver.java I still get the same error. I'm running under Mac OSX, if it matters.

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• How do gitignore exclusion rules actually work?

  - by meowsqueak

  I'm trying to solve a gitignore problem on a large directory structure, but to simplify my question I have reduced it to the following. I have the following directory structure of two files (foo, bar) in a brand new git repository (no commits so far): a/b/c/foo a/b/c/bar Obviously, a 'git status -u' shows: # Untracked files: ... # a/b/c/bar # a/b/c/foo What I want to do is create a .gitignore file that ignores everything inside a/b/c but does not ignore the file 'foo'. If I create a .gitignore thus: c/ Then a 'git status -u' shows both foo and bar as ignored: # Untracked files: ... # .gitignore Which is as I expect. Now if I add an exclusion rule for foo, thus: c/ !foo According to the gitignore manpage, I'd expect this to to work. But it doesn't - it still ignores foo: # Untracked files: ... # .gitignore This doesn't work either: c/ !a/b/c/foo Neither does this: c/* !foo Gives: # Untracked files: ... # .gitignore # a/b/c/bar # a/b/c/foo In that case, although foo is no longer ignored, bar is also not ignored. The order of the rules in .gitignore doesn't seem to matter either. This also doesn't do what I'd expect: a/b/c/ !a/b/c/foo That one ignores both foo and bar. One situation that does work is if I create the file a/b/c/.gitignore and put in there: * !foo But the problem with this is that eventually there will be other subdirectories under a/b/c and I don't want to have to put a separate .gitignore into every single one - I was hoping to create 'project-based' .gitignore files that can sit in the top directory of each project, and cover all the 'standard' subdirectory structure. This also seems to be equivalent: a/b/c/* !a/b/c/foo This might be the closest thing to "working" that I can achieve, but the full relative paths and explicit exceptions need to be stated, which is going to be a pain if I have a lot of files of name 'foo' in different levels of the subdirectory tree. Anyway, either I don't quite understand how exclusion rules work, or they don't work at all when directories (rather than wildcards) are ignored - by a rule ending in a / Can anyone please shed some light on this? Is there a way to make gitignore use something sensible like regular expressions instead of this clumsy shell-based syntax? I'm using and observe this with git-1.6.6.1 on Cygwin/bash3 and git-1.7.1 on Ubuntu/bash3.

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