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• what's the safest OS?

  - by Bob

  I have pretty important stuff on my PC (using Windows). All the programming files, passwords etc. And now I thought: Is that even safe to store all this information on a hard drive? What if some virus (or a pseudo-antivirus gets it) M.b. it is better to buy Mac for this purpose? I kinda don't like Linux, cause I hate making million small decisions manually (what drivers to install etc) Will like to hear some opinions.

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• mysql problem (cannot connect)

  - by user32328

  hey, i have written php script and it frozen mysql and when i restarted my linux (debian) there was something written that mysql database is full and now when i want to run mysql there is an error: ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2) does someone know how to fix it?

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• Windows 7 - User-specific %PATH%

  - by MiffTheFox

  I'd like to set up a system for Windows 7 where each user has their own private directory in %PATH%. I tried setting %PATH% to %HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%\Bin;%SystemRoot%\System32;[...] but it doesn't seem to work. For those who don't realize what I'm trying to do, it's sort of like EXPORT PATH=~/bin would be on *nix. It can be on a user specific basis if need be (and that would actually be prefer to the machine-wide settings).

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• ATI propriatery drivers install latest 12.8, broke my kernel. Stuck on kernel 3.2.0-26

  - by user66987

  I messed up a bit. Hoping some here can help me. I tried to install the newest catalyst 12.8. Sadly, this broke my system. I was stuck in low graphics mode. I finally managed to restore the proprietary drivers, and get into ubuntu again. But now I am stuck on kernel 3.2.0.26. I had installed kernel 3.2.0-30, but the system no longer sees it. I have kernel 3.2.0-29 too, but the system cannot see that as well. In the grub menu. When I use sudo update-grub, they are both listed. Here are the output I get: Searching for GRUB installation directory ... found: /boot/grub Cannot determine root device. Assuming /dev/hda1 This error is probably caused by an invalid /etc/fstab Searching for default file ... found: /boot/grub/default Testing for an existing GRUB menu.lst file ... found: /boot/grub/menu.lst Searching for splash image ... none found, skipping ... Found kernel: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-30-generic Found kernel: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-29-generic Found kernel: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-27-generic Found kernel: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-26-generic Found GRUB 2: /boot/grub/core.img Found kernel: /boot/memtest86+.bin Updating /boot/grub/menu.lst ... done I have searched everywhere to find a solution to my problem, but can't find any solutions. If you need any log outputs to figure out the problem, please let me know which ones. Update: here is the output for grub.cfg # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then set have_grubenv=true load_env fi set default="0" if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function recordfail { set recordfail=1 if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi } function load_video { insmod vbe insmod vga insmod video_bochs insmod video_cirrus } insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd2,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then set gfxmode=auto load_video insmod gfxterm insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd2,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale set lang=nb_NO insmod gettext fi terminal_output gfxterm if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then set timeout=-1 else set timeout=10 fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray if background_color 44,0,30; then clear fi ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### function gfxmode { set gfxpayload="${1}" if [ "${1}" = "keep" ]; then set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=7 else set vt_handoff= fi } if [ "${recordfail}" != 1 ]; then if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then set linux_gfx_mode=keep else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=keep fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi export linux_gfx_mode if [ "${linux_gfx_mode}" != "text" ]; then load_video; fi menuentry 'Ubuntu, med Linux 3.2.0-26-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd2,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-26-generic root=UUID=270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b ro quiet splash $vt_handoff initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-26-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, med Linux 3.2.0-26-generic (gjenopprettelsesmodus)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd2,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b echo 'Laster Linux 3.2.0-26-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-26-generic root=UUID=270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b ro recovery nomodeset echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-26-generic } submenu "Previous Linux versions" { menuentry 'Ubuntu, med Linux 3.2.0-25-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd2,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-25-generic root=UUID=270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b ro quiet splash $vt_handoff initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-25-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, med Linux 3.2.0-25-generic (gjenopprettelsesmodus)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd2,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b echo 'Laster Linux 3.2.0-25-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-25-generic root=UUID=270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b ro recovery nomodeset echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-25-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, med Linux 3.2.0-24-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd2,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-24-generic root=UUID=270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b ro quiet splash $vt_handoff initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-24-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, med Linux 3.2.0-24-generic (gjenopprettelsesmodus)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd2,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b echo 'Laster Linux 3.2.0-24-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-24-generic root=UUID=270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b ro recovery nomodeset echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-24-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, med Linux 3.2.0-23-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd2,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-23-generic root=UUID=270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b ro quiet splash $vt_handoff initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-23-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, med Linux 3.2.0-23-generic (gjenopprettelsesmodus)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd2,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b echo 'Laster Linux 3.2.0-23-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-23-generic root=UUID=270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b ro recovery nomodeset echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-23-generic } } ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd2,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin } menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd2,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 270c7c58-06d8-4e6b-b9bb-8d92f46adc0b linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8 } ### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### menuentry "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sdb1)" --class windows --class os { insmod part_msdos insmod ntfs set root='(hd1,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 448AF3CE8AF3BA8E chainloader +1 } ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### How can I set kernel 3.2.0.30 as the default kernel? According to this file, kernel 3.2.0-30 does not exist.

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• Openconnect for Cisco VPN doesn't recognize private key file - asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_CHECK_TLEN:wrong tag

  - by Alexander Skwar

  I'm trying to use my Synology DS212 NAS box also act as VPN gateway to my companies VPN. Sadly, they only use Cisco ASA and to complicate stuff even further, we've got to use personal certificates (which is of course more secure, but more complicate to get going…). So I compiled OpenConnect v4.06 from http://www.infradead.org/openconnect/. As a very basic test, I tried to build a connection by manually invoking openconnect, passing along the key and cert files, like so: /lib/ld-linux.so.3 --library-path /opt/lib \ /opt/openconnect/sbin/openconnect \ --certificate=$VPN_CFG/alexander.crt \ --sslkey=$VPN_CFG/alexander.key \ --cafile=$VPN_CFG/Company_VPN_CA.crt \ --user=alexander --verbose <ip>:443 It fails :( Attempting to connect to <ip>:443 Using certificate file $VPN_CFG/alexander.crt Using client certificate '/[email protected]/OU=Company VPN' 5919:error:0D0680A8:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_CHECK_TLEN:wrong tag:tasn_dec.c:1315: Loading private key failed (see above errors) Loading certificate failed. Aborting. Failed to open HTTPS connection to <ip> Failed to obtain WebVPN cookie When I run the same command with the same cert/key files on a Ubuntu 12.04 box, it works: openconnect \ --certificate=$VPN_CFG/alexander.crt \ --sslkey=$VPN_CFG/alexander.key \ --cafile=$VPN_CFG/Company_VPN_CA.crt \ --user=alexander --verbose <ip>:443 Attempting to connect to <ip>:443 Using certificate file $VPN_CFG/alexander.crt Extra cert from cafile: '/CN=Company AG VPN CA/O=Company AG/L=Zurich/ST=ZH/C=CH' SSL negotiation with <ip> Server certificate verify failed: self signed certificate Certificate from VPN server "<ip>" failed verification. Reason: self signed certificate Enter 'yes' to accept, 'no' to abort; anything else to view: yes Connected to HTTPS on <ip> GET https://<ip>/ […] Well… The error on the NAS is this: 5919:error:0D0680A8:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_CHECK_TLEN:wrong tag:tasn_dec.c:1315: Any ideas, what's causing this? On Syno, I use OpenConnect 4.06. On Ubuntu, I just compiled and installed to a custom location OpenConnect 4.06 as well. Thanks, Alexander

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• Authentication required by wireless network.

  - by Roman

  I would like to use a wireless network from Ubuntu. In the network drop-down menu I select a network (this is a University network I have an account there). Then I get a windows with the following fields: Wireless Security: [WPA&WPA2 Enterprise] Authentication: [Tunneled TLS] Anonymous Identity: [] CA Certificate: [(None)] Inner Authentication: [some letters] User Name: [] Password: [] I put there my user name and password and do not change default value and leave "Anonymous Identity"blank. As a result of that I get "Authentication required by wireless network". How can I solve this problem? I think it is important to notice that our system administrator tried to find some files (which are probably needed to be used as "CA Certificate"). He said that he does not know where this file is located on Ubuntu (he support only Windows). So, probably this is direction I need to go. I need to find this file. But may be I am wrong. May be something else needs to be done. Could you pleas help me with that?

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• Chmod 644 on /etc/ any way to fix?

  - by DazSlayer

  I tried to tab complete something and I guess it wasnt there. I know you are not supposed to set the permissions to /etc/ like that, but my permissions seem to be all messed up. whoami prints out cannot find name for user ID 1002 and I cannot cd into /etc/ anymore. passwd and shadow use 640 and 644 so I am not sure why this is a problem. Regardless, is there any way to fix this? The command run was sudo chmod 644 /etc/ I have no name!@vpn-server:/$ whoami whoami: cannot find name for user ID 1002 I have no name!@vpn-server:/$ cd etc bash: cd: etc: Permission denied I have no name!@vpn-server:/$ ls -al etc d????????? ? ? ? ? ? . d????????? ? ? ? ? ? .. d????????? ? ? ? ? ? acpi -????????? ? ? ? ? ? adduser.conf I have no name!@vpn-server:/$ sudo su sudo: can't open /etc/sudoers: Permission denied

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• Ubuntu root privs installation issue

  - by Pam

  I am a fairly new Ubuntu user (and Linux user, for that matter) and I just downloaded a program whose installer was a .sh file. Not thinking, I copied the installer to an /opt subdirectory, thinking that I was going to install the application there: sudo cp ~/Downloads/fooInstaller.sh /opt/someDir I can't remember, but I either had to use sudo because /opt required it, or I just used it without thinking, but in any case, I prefixed with sudo. Once in /opt/someDir, I executed the installer again, using sudo: sudo sh fooInstaller.sh The terminal went crazy, and a few seconds later, a graphical install wizard popped up that guided me through the rest of the process. At the end of the wizard I was prompted to launch the program, and I did, and everything was great. Until... I closed the program, and attempted to add it to my Ubuntu "panel" (the icon panel at the top of the screen). The program was installed to /usr/local/foo/theProgram, and so I specified that URL as the command in the custom app launcher. When I open the program through the panel/launcher (at the top of the screen), the program doesn't load or operate correctly. I get a lot of error messages complaining about being denied permissions. I'm assuming that this is a "superuser/installation/privs" issue, and not a problem with the application (hence this post at superuser.com instead of the application's forums), because when I launch the program from the terminal with sudo, it opens and executes perfectly fine, just like it did the first time around after the install wizard finished. I realize I'm probably going to have to uninstall the program completely, and re-install it differently. Finally, my question: After uninstalling, can I avoid all these issue by just running the installer (sh fooInstaller.sh) right out of my Downloads directory, sans the sudo prefix? If not, how do I get the program to install without root privs so that I can add it to my panel/launcher and get it executing correctly? Sorry for the long post but I didn't want to omit any details because, as I'm sure you can tell, I'm not really sure I know what I'm doing. Thanks for any help here!

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• Ubuntu lucid, maverick high iowait

  - by netom

  I'm using Ubuntu, and I've got the same problem with Lucid and Maverick. From time to time, especially a few minutes after boot, the iowait goes between 50-100% and the box is unusable. Everything that tries to access the disk freezes. I have the following setup: Hard disk: Model Family: Western Digital Caviar Green family Device Model: WDC WD15EADS-00P8B0 Serial Number: WD-WMAVU0391287 Firmware Version: 01.00A01 User Capacity: 1.500.301.910.016 bytes I have a quad core Intel Core2 Q6600 processor, and 4G of memory. When the high iowait occurs, usually 4 processes are active: kdmflush (two procs) jbd2/dm-0-8 jbd2/db-1-8 and a few more starving user processes of course. I know this from top and iotop. Any suggestions about why this is happening? There are a lot of q/a-s about linux and high iowait, but none of them helped so far, I even tweaked the hard disk not to park the head in every 8 seconds (Load cycle count is 50334!!!!! :o ), but nothing. Problem persists. Thank you in advance.

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• Error while installing boost_1_54

  - by Farhat

  On trying to install boost I get this error during configuration checks. Googling did not give any pointers. [root@heracles boost_1_54_0]# ./b2 install Performing configuration checks - 32-bit : no (cached) - 64-bit : yes (cached) - arm : no (cached) - mips1 : no (cached) - power : no (cached) - sparc : no (cached) - x86 : yes (cached) error: No best alternative for libs/coroutine/build/allocator_sources next alternative: required properties: <link>static <target-os>windows <threading>multi not matched next alternative: required properties: <link>static <segmented-stacks>on <threading>multi not matched next alternative: required properties: <link>static <threading>multi not matched - has_icu builds : no (cached) warning: Graph library does not contain MPI-based parallel components. note: to enable them, add "using mpi ;" to your user-config.jam - zlib : yes (cached) - iconv (libc) : yes (cached) - icu : no (cached) - icu (lib64) : no (cached) - compiler-supports-ssse3 : yes (cached) - compiler-supports-avx2 : no (cached) - gcc visibility : yes (cached) - long double support : yes (cached) warning: skipping optional Message Passing Interface (MPI) library. note: to enable MPI support, add "using mpi ;" to user-config.jam. note: to suppress this message, pass "--without-mpi" to bjam. note: otherwise, you can safely ignore this message. error: No best alternative for libs/coroutine/build/allocator_sources next alternative: required properties: <link>static <target-os>windows <threading>multi not matched next alternative: required properties: <link>static <segmented-stacks>on <threading>multi not matched next alternative: required properties: <link>static <threading>multi not matched - zlib : yes (cached) How can the alternative for allocator sources be located? Thanks.

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• How to debug a kernel created using ubuntu-vm-builder?

  - by user265592

  Aim: Trying to perform a code walkthrough of what functions are getting called for sending and receiving packets over the network. I am building a kernel and using gdb for debugging/ tracing purposes. I have build a vm using the following command : time sudo ubuntu-vm-builder qemu precise --arch 'amd64' --mem '1024' --rootsize '4096' --swapsize '1024' --kernel-flavour 'generic' --hostname 'ubuntu' --components 'main' --name 'Bob' --user 'ubuntu' --pass 'ubuntu' --bridge 'br0' --libvirt 'qemu:///system' And I can run the VM successfully in qemu using the following command: qemu-system-x86_64 -smp 1 -drive file=tmpGgEOzK.qcow2 "$@" -net nic -net user -serial stdio -redir tcp:2222::22 Now, I want to debug the kernel using gdb. For this I need an executable with debug symbols(vmlinux), which apparently I don't have, as the vm-builder never asked for any such options and simply created a .qcow2 file. Question 1: Am I taking the correct approach to solve the problem and is there an easier way to do it? Question 2: Is there a way to debug this kernel using GDB? P.S: I don't have hardware support for KVM. Please correct me if I am wrong. Thanks.

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• Notebook Operating System with extreme support cycles/security updates

  - by leto

  Hello there, after reading the announcements about Mac OS X "Lion" and Apples political decision, I've had enough. I'm a longtime Apple User since 1992, have always felt at home there, but am trying to switch to alternative Operating System since a year. I've also been working with Unix machines since 2001, so I'm looking in one of the free Unices or a Linux. Since I last looked at the desktop in 2002 choke much has changed, it seems. So I'm lost once more in the war between desktop environments and software. To be honest: I don't care what it's name is, I want to get my job done. Here's what I set me as landmark for an operating system/software to be considered: Has to be atleast four years old Has to supply security updates for current release for atleast a year Production quality stability for the whole desktop environment (!) No f****g commercial stuff that tends to supply me with privacy invading App Store or Cloud space So far I'm running a MacBook from 2007, 4 Gig memory, 250 Gig disk and I need: IMAPs for Mail since 1995 Webbrowser sic Shell Keeping current with Updates/Upgrades with no more than 5 Minutes spent in entering commands (makes it hard for OpenBSD ;-) ) A desktop filemanger would be nice, but is a bonus. What can you suggest as operating system? The one with the longest support cycles and best chance to survive the next 10 years will win a new user, even sending patches when needed :-) Greets

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• How to connect to a remote server and run some code on that particular server?

  - by seedeg

  I am implementing an automated backup scheme so I created a shell script which first creates SQL Dumps for all MySQL databases, then it retrieves all the websites from the /var/www of a remote server. The latter is working as I am using rsync to get the remote files. However, obviously, the MySQL dumps being retrieved are the ones on the local server which is not what I want. I want to get the SQL Dumps from the remote server as well. I have a tunnel between the local and remote server which I can connect without using any password (I added the public key to the authorized_hosts), so I tried to add the following code to the script: ssh [email protected] Then I tried to retrieve the SQL dumps and then I exit from the remote server. However this does not work as I still have to enter exit manually in the terminal for the SQL dumps to be retrieved from the remote host. I don't know why this is happening. Basically this is what the script is trying to do: //connect to remote server ssh [email protected] //retrieve SQL dumps //code to retrieve... //exit from remote server exit //use rsync to get remote files of /var/www from local server (working) Is there a way to connect to the remote host AND run the script's code ON THAT remote host? Many thanks in advance

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• Authentication required by wireless network

  - by Roman

  I would like to use a wireless network from Ubuntu. In the network drop-down menu I select a network (this is a University network I have an account there). Then I get a windows with the following fields: Wireless Security: [WPA&WPA2 Enterprise] Authentication: [Tunneled TLS] Anonymous Identity: [] CA Certificate: [(None)] Inner Authentication: [some letters] User Name: [] Password: [] I put there my user name and password and do not change default value and leave "Anonymous Identity"blank. As a result of that I get "Authentication required by wireless network". How can I solve this problem? I think it is important to notice that our system administrator tried to find some files (which are probably needed to be used as "CA Certificate"). He said that he does not know where this file is located on Ubuntu (he support only Windows). So, probably this is direction I need to go. I need to find this file. But may be I am wrong. May be something else needs to be done. Could you pleas help me with that?

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• How to set umask globally?

  - by DevSolar

  I am using a private user group setup, i.e. a user foo's home directory is owned by foo:foo, not foo:users. For this to work, I need to set the umask to 002 globally. After a quick grep -RIi umask /etc/*, it seemed for a moment that modifying the UMASK entry in /etc/login.defs should do the trick. It does, too -- but only for console logins. If I log in to my desktop, and open a terminal there, I still get to see the default umask 022. Same goes for files created from apps started through the menu. Apparently, the display manager (or whatever X11 component responsible) does source some different setting than a console login does, and damned if I could tell which one it is. (I tried changing the setting in /etc/init.d/rc, and no, it did not help.) How / where do I set umask globally (and for all users), so that the X11 desktop environment gets the memo as well? (The system is Linux Mint / Ubuntu, in case that changes anything...)

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• Prevent rmdir -p from traversing above a certain directory

  - by thepurplepixel

  I hacked together this script to rsync some files over ssh. The --remove-source-files option of rsync seems to remove the files it transfers, which is what I want. However, I also want the directories those files are placed in to be gone as well. The current part of the find command, -exec rmdir -p {} ; tries to remove the parent directory (in this case, /srv/torrents), but fails because it doesn't have the right permissions. What I'd like to do is stop rmdir from traversing above the directory find is run in, or find another solution to get rid of all the empty folders. I've thought of using some kind of loop with find and running rmdir without the -p switch, but I thought it wouldn't work out. Essentially, is there an alternative way to remove all the empty directories under the parent directory? Thanks in advance! #!/bin/bash HOST='<hostname>' USER='<username>' DIR='<destination directory>' SOURCE='/srv/torrents/' rsync -e "ssh -l $USER" --remove-source-files -h -4 -r --stats -m --progress -i $SOURCE $HOST:$DIR find $SOURCE -mindepth 1 -type d -empty -prune -exec rmdir -p \{\} \;

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• Rsync root files between systems without specifying password

  - by xpt

  This seems very tricky to me. I've set up my two systems so that I can rsync files between them as me, without specifying password. Now the the problem is to rsync files that belong to root. On both of my systems, there are no root passwords. The only way to become root is via sudo. So I can neither give a password for sudo rsyn local root@remote:, no use my ssh-agent to supply pass phrase. I don't want to set up a root password on any systems; and I do need the files to be owned by root on both systems. EDIT: Using the files that belong to root is just an example, I need a way for my unprivileged account to read/write system (including root-owned) files easily. One example is to copy my configured /root environment into the freshly-installed system. The two systems are actually two VMs under a single host, so it's not a big concern for me to copy root-owned files between them. EDIT 2: If I only want to copy my configured /root environment into the freshly-installed system, I can use tar: sudo tar cvzf - /root | ssh me@remote sudo tar xvzf - -C / But I do need rsync to update from time to time. Any easy way to make it happen? EDIT 3: Formally formulate the question Alright, it all began with the question, how to rsync files that belong to root between two systems as a normal unprivileged user, without specifying password, under the condition that, The root account is locked on both of systems. I.e., there are no root passwords. The only way to become root is via sudo (recommended security practice, see http://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo) I don't want a completely passwordless sudo but don’t want to be typing passwords all the time either. The normal unprivileged user has entered their ssh pass phrase into the ssh agent. Thanks

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• Windows 7 VM log on lockout

  - by AKa

  My Windows 7 XP Mode virtual machine has just locked me out of password log on. Two years of use and it never required I use a password on wake up, I never asked for that. Suddenly yesterday, password required! I located password and used it successfully a couple of times, but now even that is not good enough! Perhaps (unfairly) because I tried to get to the bottom of the new phenomenon and removed the password from the user accounts? Permissions are still set to ok for all users. I have been all the way through the settings I can access with the VM file hibernated, and have deleted the previously saved log on info, which always previously worked automatically as charged. Now when I attempt to log on it asks me for credentials, seems like progress, but when I offer them, and check the "remember my credentials" box, I still get the splash screen "The system could not log you on. [reminder about caps...]" !! Round and round. Back up and restore point versions of the VM toss me back into the same log on loop. There are no other machines on any network, I am the administrator and sole user. It must be specifically about the log on, a speck of dust corruption ... is there a way around this? I tried creating a new VM but the black inner box gets stuck at one point requesting I insert a boot disc. Thanks for input, AKa

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• How to Write to a User.Config file through ConfigurationManager?

  - by Josh G

  I'm trying to persist user settings to a configuration file using ConfigurationManager. I want to scope these settings to the user only, because application changes can't be saved on Vista/Win 7 without admin privileges. This seems to get me the user's configuration, which appears to be saved here in Win 7 ([Drive]:\Users\[Username]\AppData\Local\[ApplicationName]\[AssemblyName][hash]\[Version\) Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.PerUserRoamingAndLocal); Whenever I try to save any changes at all to this config I get this exception: InnerException: System.InvalidOperationException Message="ConfigurationSection properties cannot be edited when locked." Source="System.Configuration" StackTrace: at System.Configuration.SectionInformation.VerifyIsEditable() at System.Configuration.MgmtConfigurationRecord.GetConfigDefinitionUpdates(Boolean requireUpdates, ConfigurationSaveMode saveMode, Boolean forceSaveAll, ConfigDefinitionUpdates& definitionUpdates, ArrayList& configSourceUpdates) I have tried adding a custom ConfigurationSection to this config. I have tried adding to the AppSettingsSection. Whenever I call config.Save() it throws the exception above. Any ideas? I tried using the ApplicationSettingsBase class through the Project-Settings designer, but it doesn't appear that you can save custom types with this. I want similar functionality with the ability to save custom types. Thanks.

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• How do I run a command as a different user from a root cronjob?

  - by rob

  I seem to be stuck between an NFS limitation and a Cron limitation. So I've got root cron (on RHEL5) running a shell script that, among other things, needs to rsync some files over an NFS mount. And the files on the NFS mount are owned by the apache user with mode 700, so only the apache user can run the rsync command -- running as root yields a permission error (NFS being a rare case, apparently, where the root user is not all-powerful?) When I just want to run the rsync by hand, I can use "sudo -u apache rsync ..." But sudo no workie in cron -- it says "sudo: sorry, you must have a tty to run sudo". I don't want to run the whole script as apache (i.e. from apache's crontab) because other parts of the script do require root -- it's just that one command that needs to run as apache. And I would really prefer not to change the mode on the files, as that will involve significant changes to other applications. There's gotta be a way to accomplish "sudo -u apache" from cron?? thanks! rob

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• Is it wrong for a context (right click) menu be the only way a user can perform a certain task?

  - by Eric

  I'd like to know if it ever makes sense to provide some functionality in a piece of software that is only available to the user through a context (right click) menu. It seems that in most software I've worked with the right click menu is always used as a quick way to get to features that are otherwise available from other buttons or menus. Below is a screen shot of the UI I'm developing. The tree view on the right shows the user's library of catalogs. Users can create new catalogs, or add and remove existing catalogs to and from their library. Catalogs in their library can then be opened or closed, or set to read-only. The screen shot shows the context menu I've created for the browser. Some commands can be executed independently from any specific catalog (New, Add). Yet the other commands must be applied to a specifically selected catalog (Close, Open, Remove, ReadOnly, Refresh, Clean UP, Rename). Currently the "Catalog" menu at the top of the window looks identical to this context menu. Yet I think this may be confusing to the users as the tree view which shows the currently selected catalog may not always be visible. The user may have switched to the Search or Filters tab, or the left pane may be hidden entirely. However, I'm hesitant to change the UI so that the commands that depends on a specifically selected catalog are only available through the context menu.

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• Retrieve user details from Active Directory using SID

  - by er4z0r

  Hi, How can I find a user in my AD when I have his/her SID. I don't want to rely on other attributes, since I am trying to detect changes to these. Example: I get a message about a change to user record containing: Message: User Account Changed: Target Account Name: test12 Target Domain: DOMAIN Target Account ID: %{S-1-5-21-3968247570-3627839482-368725868-1110} Caller User Name: Administrator Caller Domain: DOMAIN Caller Logon ID: (0x0,0x62AB1) Privileges: - I want to notify the user about the change. So I need their account-information from AD. When I try to retrieve the user's data from AD via VBScript like this: Wscript.StdOut.writeLine "Found an Account ID: " & objMatch.value Set objUser = GetObject("LDAP://GUID=1521396824757036278394823687258681110") Wscript.StdOut.writeLine objUser I receive an error stating The handle is invalid Code:80070006

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• OpenVPN - Ubuntu 10.04 - Client Can't Connect to Server - Linux Route Add Command Failed

  - by nicorellius

  I suppose this could be asked on Server Fault as well, but it is specific to the client so I thought I'd start here. I have keys for access to an OpenVPN server already in place. I have used these keys to connect already, but using a Windows XP machine. On a Ubuntu machine, I installed OpenVPN and then configured client.conf file so that I could run: sudo openvpn --config client.conf And it seems correct but I still can't connect and get these errors and lines of output: Mon May 31 14:34:57 2010 ERROR: Linux route add command failed: external program exited with error status: 7 Mon May 31 14:34:57 2010 /sbin/route add -net 10.8.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.255 gw 10.8.0.17 SIOCADDRT: File exists Mon May 31 14:34:57 2010 ERROR: Linux route add command failed: external program exited with error status: 7 Mon May 31 14:34:57 2010 Initialization Sequence Completed I searched the net for forums and ideas and tried some file moving and renaming but still ended up in the same place.

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• Speaker at developer conferences and user group meetings

  Catching up on a couple of sessions I did in the past. This article gives an overview of some of my activities. Mainly at the annual German Visual FoxPro Developer Conference also known as SQL-Server & ASP.NET Conference in Frankfurt. The below listed entries are excerpts from the original Conference Coverage documents you'll find on UniversalThread. German Visual FoxPro Developer Conference 2002 (1 session - Vendor session about Active FoxPro Pages 3.0) German Visual FoxPro Developer Conference 2003 (2.5 sessions - Visual FoxPro running on Linux) German Visual FoxPro Developer Conference 2004 (4 sessions - 2x Active FoxPro Pages, VFP on Linux, and VFP using additional databases) German Visual FoxPro Developer Conference 2005 (4 sessions - RegEx, XML, XSLT, and using free (as in beer) development tools) German Visual FoxPro Developer Conference 2006 (3 sessions - .NET interop via COM, writing own CLR host in VFP, and Active FoxPro Pages) Furthermore, I did a couple of (hopefully) interesting sessions at various user group meetings in Speyer and Stuttgart. A more comprehensive list is available under Presentations (in German language). And last but not least, back in May 2005 Microsoft Germany invited me to host a WebCast for MSDN on how to use 'Visual FoxPro mit Visual Studio 2005'. Unfortunately, I was too unexperienced and too nervous (first time ever), we experienced technical issues with the microphone, and the obviously low quality of recording demanded to replace it by a whole series on Visual FoxPro 9.0. The webcast covered the same topics I already described in other articles here on my blog. Despite the desaster I'd like to thank Ralf Westphal for his kind words afterwards - I really felt bad. Eventually, you might ask yourself why it stopped by the end of 2006... Well, new chapter in my life: Mauritius!

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• Properly escaping forward slash in bash script for usage with sed

  - by user331839

  I'm trying to determine the size of the files that would be newly copied when syncing two folders by running rsync in dry mode and then summing up the sizes of the files listed in the output of rsync. Currently I'm stuck at prefixing the files by their parent folder. I found out how to prefix lines using sed and how to escape using sed, but I'm having troubles combining those two. This is how far I got: source="/my/source/folder/" target="/my/target/folder/" escaped=`echo "$source" | sed -e 's/[\/&]/\\//g'` du `rsync -ahnv $source $target | tail -n +2 | head -n -3 | sed "s/^/$escaped/"` | awk '{i+=$1} END {print i}' This is the output I get from bash -x myscript.sh + source=/my/source/folder/ + target=/my/target/folder ++ echo /my/source/folder/ ++ sed -e 's/[\/&]/\//g' + escaped=/my/source/folder/ + awk '{i+=$1} END {print i}' ++ rsync -ahnv /my/source/folder/ /my/target/folder/ ++ sed 's/^//my/source/folder//' ++ head -n -3 ++ tail -n +2 sed: -e expression #1, char 8: unknown option to `s' + du 80268 Any ideas on how to properly escape would be highly appreciated.

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