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• How to use Git over multiple similar systems

  - by Spidfire

  I have a system I need to duplicate over several systems and make minor changes like change less/css variables and configuration files. Is there a best practice for these kind of problems? I currently do: git clone repo cp ../default/config.js config.js ... for several files or should I create different branches of the same repo or should I create an repo for the changes? It is currently doable but it will get annoying if I get more than 5 similar systems.

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• GIT server with username and password authentication

  - by Giorgio

  I would like to set a GIT server and let my developers to login using username and password in order to commit and make changes to the projects. I need also to manage developer access to projects (I think I should use gitolite for this). How can I do that? I am used to SVN which is easy because you can set username and password for each developer, which can easily access the repository without having the generate an ssh key and put it on the server. Thanks

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• What is the problem git submodules are supposed to solve?

  - by Joshua Dance

  What is the problem that git submodules solve well? When should I use them? Or rather what is their use case? The only use of submodules that I have seen 'in the wild' has been when used to share code between multiple repositories. From what I have experienced, submodules do not appear to be ideally suited to this use case. You run into git update submodule woes and your history gets filled with updating submodule pointer commits. If the 'sharing code' use case is not best solved by submodules, what problems are?

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• How do I share different files in a git repo with different people?

  - by David Faux

  In a single directory with a Git root folder, I have a bunch of files. I am working on one of those files, X.py, with my friend Alice. The other files I am working on with other people. I want Alice (and everyone else) to have access to X.py. I want Alice to only have access to X.py though. How can I achieve this with Git? Is there a way I can split a directory into two repos? That sounds rather cumbersome. Maybe I could add a remote repo that Alice can access containing X.py?

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• What are the advantages and disadventages of git or bzr + rsync vs rdiff-backup?

  - by Azendale

  I used to use rsync to do backups, but then I switched to rdiff-backup to incremental backups. Recently, I discovered git and bzr while working on a coding project. So, I was thinking, I could have my backup disk be a repository in either git or bzr. Then I could rsync to the repository, and commit the changes. Would there be any performance concerns with this? Any other issues that I'm not thinking of? The benefit I see in using rsync is that you can restart an interrupted transfer, while rdiff-backup reverts to the last version, and then starts again. Any reason not to do it this way? Anything I'm not thinking of?

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• Is there a way to show icons on a git repo folder like tortoiseGit?

  - by shengy

  Is there a way which could let me know all the file status by just looking at the folder view, like what TortoiseHg, TortoiseSVN, TortoiseGit did on windows? Now my git repo folder looks the same as other folders. If I want to view file status I have to type git status in the command line. I want some icons which could inform me the file/folder status at my first glance on the folder view. I'm using Ubuntu 12.04 EDIT I googled it, and what I'm asking for is called the overlay icon.

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• What is the point to namespaces in branches in git?

  - by dukeofgaming

  So I mainly use Mercurial for my projects and I decided to sit down and learn all Git's shenanigans to discover if I'm in the right side (at least for me). I'm learning that git uses namespaces for branches and I would like to know (in your experience) what is the point of namespaces?. In Mercurial I could just set the convention of naming branches like so: <branch name> //for "origin" branches <username>/<branch name> //for user branches I imagine that there is more to it than just the name (aside from avoiding naming conflicts), but what do I get out of this seemingly more complicated (not necessarily bad) model?

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• How to rebase onto a private branch with conflicts in gerrit/git?

  - by edwardmlyte

  Aim: I want to rebase commit G from "bravo", onto commit F from "alpha". From this: G bravo / D--E--F alpha / A--B--C mainline To this: G bravo / D--E--F alpha / A--B--C mainline "alpha" has been successfully rebased onto the latest mainline work. I cherry-pick "alpha" onto C. And when I cherry-pick "bravo", it comes up with all the merge conflicts. Once I fix those, if I do commit --amend The commit message just has all the information for alpha, whereas I'd expect the information for bravo. So I tried again after hard resetting to C, doing pull (as oppose to cherry-pick) for alpha and then pull bravo. Fixed the conflicts and just ran: commit The commit message just lists it as a merge and has merge information. Though the commit succeeds, I can't push this to gerrit as it says I don't have the rights to push merges. When I've read about rebase, it's always just to mainline, but I want to rebase private branches. Where am I going wrong?

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• Permission / owner issue with pushing to git when editing directly from repo?

  - by Susan

  I have a web interface for deploying scripts from our repo at Github to our live server. The web interface just triggers a bash script with some git commands. If I make changes locally, push to repo, then run the bash script to pull from repo to live it works fine. However, if I make changes directly in the repo (via Github's web interface), I'm running into fast-forward / lock issues. These are the steps I'm taking: Make a change on a file at Github repo Run a bash script (as apache) via web from live server that attempts a git push / pull. Get these problems: PUSH To [email protected]:name/name.git ! [rejected] master - master (non-fast-forward) error: failed to push some refs to '[email protected]:name/name.git' To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected Merge the remote changes before pushing again. See the 'Note about fast-forwards' section of 'git push --help' for details. PULL From github.com:name/name branch master - FETCH_HEAD error: unable to unlink old 'includes/footer.inc' (Permission denied) Updating 8f6d922..d1eba9d Updating 8f6d922..d1eba9d SSH in as root, attempt a push / pull and it works fine. Ideas on why would this method not work from apache?

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• Noob with git repository on Windows Storage Server 2008?

  - by HibbyHoo

  I have a Western Digital Sentinel at home running Windows Storage Server 2008 R2 Essentials. I have several git repositories on it for my own personal projects, and have no problem pushing and pulling over my local network. I want to be able to access those repos remotely from anywhere. I am able to log in and remotely access folders and files on it, but I cannot clone repos using the same address. It hangs for a REALLY long time before finally failing with an error: git.exe clone --progress -v "https://myIpAddressHere/Remote/fs/files.aspx?path=%5C%5Cmydevicename%5Cmyreposfolder%5Cmyrepo.git" "D:\repo" Cloning into 'D:\repo'... error: Failed connect to myIpAddress:443; No error while accessing https://myIpAddress/Remote/fs/files.aspx?path=%5C%5Cmydevicename%5Cmyreposfolder%5Cmyrepo.git/info/refs fatal: HTTP request failed git did not exit cleanly (exit code 128) I'm not too privy to networking or web development, and I have only a rudimentary understanding of how to use git (with TortoiseGit). I'm having a hard time finding search results for this specific problem and a hard time interpreting generic tutorials for the general scope of this problem. TortoiseGit version: 1.7.13.0. git version: 1.7.10.mysysgit.1.

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• Mp3 Tag Editor Open Source Windows

  - by Trizicus

  Can someone inform me of an open source mp3 tag editor that is on Windows? Audacity doesn't let me clear the genre type so I'm not using it.

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• Adding git branch to bash prompt on snow leopard

  - by crayment

  I am using this: $(__git_ps1 '(%s)') It works however it does not update when I change directories or checkout a new branch. I also have this alias: alias reload='. ~/.bash_profile' Sample run: user@machine:~/dev/rails$cd git_folder/ user@machine:~/dev/rails/git_folder$reload user@machine:~/dev/rails/git_folder(test)$git checkout master Switched to branch 'master' user@machine:~/dev/rails/git_folder(test)$reload user@machine:~/dev/rails/git_folder(master)$ As you can see it is being set correctly but only if I reload bash_profile. I have wasted way to much time on this. I am using bash on snow leopard. Please help!

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• Tell git which private key to use

  - by jrdioko

  ssh has the -i option to tell it which private key file to use when authenticating: -i identity_file Selects a file from which the identity (private key) for RSA or DSA authentication is read. The default is ~/.ssh/identity for protocol ver- sion 1, and ~/.ssh/id_rsa and ~/.ssh/id_dsa for protocol version 2. Iden- tity files may also be specified on a per-host basis in the configuration file. It is possible to have multiple -i options (and multiple identities specified in configuration files). Is there a similar way to tell git which private key file to use when on a system with multiple private keys in the .ssh directory?

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• Using symbolic links with git

  - by Alfredo Palhares

  I used to have my system configuration files all in one directory for better management but now i need to use some version control on it. But the problem is that git doesn't understand symbolic links that point to outside of the repository, and i can't invert the role ( having the real files on the repository and the symbolic links on their proper path ) since some files are read before the kernel loads. I think that I can use unison to sync the files in the repo and and the their paths, but it's just not practical. And hard links will probably be broken. Any idea ?

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• Can you specify git-shell in .ssh/authorized_keys to restrict access to only git commands via ssh?

  - by Matt Connolly

  I'd like to be able to use a ssh key for authentication, but still restrict the commands that can be executed over the ssh tunnel. With Subversion, I've achieved this by using a .ssh/authorized_keys file like: command="/usr/local/bin/svnserve -t --tunnel-user matt -r /path/to/repository",no-port-forwarding,no-agent-forwarding,no-X11-forwarding,no-pty ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIetc... I've tried this with "/usr/bin/git-shell" in the command, but I just get the funky old fatal: What do you think I am? A shell? error message.

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• How to properly store dotfiles in a centralized git repository

  - by asmeurer

  I'd like to put all my dotfiles (like .profile, .gitconfig, etc.) in a central git repository, so I can more easily keep track of the changes. I did this, but I would like to know how to properly handle keeping them in sync with the actual ones in ~/. I thought that you could just hard link the two using ln, but this does not seem to work as I expected, i.e., if I edit one file, the other does not change. Maybe I misused the ln command, or else I misunderstand how hard links work. How do people usually do this? Judging by GitHub, it's a pretty popular thing to do, so surely there's a seamless way to do it that someone has come up with. By the way, I'm on Mac OS X 10.6.

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• Git for Application Settings

  - by devians

  I use a lot of tools at work and at home, and im constantly tweaking them in one location or the other. It's somewhat common practice for people to use Git to version their .vim, .vimrc, and other . files, since you can host your config files on github and have the share-ability and all the other advantages that implies. Being able to version and branch my configs sounds like a grand idea, since I'm always messing about with them. I'd like to discuss the best practice for doing this on a slightly wider scope. How would you implement it? Have your configfiles repo in ~/Library/Configs or similar, and symlink the appropriate files? How to handle preference files for Applications, ie iTerm2. These files are recreated every time, so you'd have to symlink 'backwards' and put a link in the repo? rather than symlinking to the repo, since it would just delete the symlink.

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• Configure Git to use Beyond Compare for image diff

  - by Barney

  Because we work with a number of sprites, the kind of specialised diff views provided by Beyond Compare would be ideal to see which one of 2 versions I'm after when conflicts arise. I've already configured Git to use Beyond Compare as my primary diff and merge tool as described in their integration guide — it specifically goes into how to configure TortoiseSVN to use it for images, and I've found these articles talking about .gitattributes in general and how to script interactions from a *nix shell — but it's not obvious to me how I can use the advice provided by these guides to make a simple change that would say "use the default diff & merge bindings for files determined to be images, too". For the record, I'm doing all this on Windows :P

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• git - recover deleted files from a prior commit

  - by Walter White

  I accidentally deleted some files in a prior commit and would like to recover them. How can I do this? I ran this and found exactly what I was looking for: git whatchanged --diff-filter=D At the time I made the commit, I should have committed the new/changed files only and ran a reset --hard then to recover the missing files. I have about 100 files that I need to restore. I don't want to do a straight revert as that will also undo the changes in that commit. Any ideas?

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• Clarify git stash for me in switching branches

  - by EmmyS

  I've been working on branch A. My work there is not finished, but I need to switch to branch B for a while. It looks like stash is the command to use. I've found a number of references showing how to use stash to save your changes, but I'm a bit confused. All of the references say something like, when you're ready to go back, just do git stash pop. They don't, however, tell me if I need to switch back to branch A before doing that, though. So, do I manually go back to branch A before running stash pop, or do I stay in branch B, and the actual act of running stash pop will send me back to branch A where I left off with it?

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• Setting up central git repo on local Mac network

  - by Dashman

  We are a team of three, all working on our local machines on the same internal network. We will all be working on websites in local working copies of the same Git repo hosted on Github. We have an internal staging machine here (dev.internal), and I am looking for a way for us to be able to push to this machine. At each milestone in the development cycle. In essence, all I really want us to be able to do is add the dev.internal machine as a remote, and push to this whenever we are ready. Could somebody please point me in the right direction to get this set up?

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• Git-based storage and publishing, infrastructure advice

  - by Joel Martinez

  I wanted to get some advice on moving a system to "the cloud" ... specifically, I'm looking to move into some of Windows Azure's managed services, as right now I'm managing a VM. Basically, the system operates on some data stored in a github git repository. I'll describe the current architecture: Current system (all hosted on a single server): GitHub - configured with a webhook pointing at ... ASP.NET MVC application - to accept the webhook from git. It pushes a message onto ... Azure service bus Queue - which is drained by ... Windows Service - pulls the message from the queue and ... Fetches the latest data from the git repository (using GitLib2Sharp) onto the local disk and finally ... Operates on the data in git to produce a static HTML website hosted/served by IIS. The system works really well, actually ... but I would like to get out of the business of managing the VM, and move to using some combination of Azure web and worker roles. But because the system relies so heavily on the git repository on the local filesystem, I'm finding it difficult to figure out how to architect in the cloud. I know you can get file system access, so in theory I could just fetch the repository if there's nothing on disk ... but the performance/responsiveness of the system sort of depends on the repository being available and only having to fetch diffs, which is relatively quick. As opposed to periodically having to fetch the entire (somewhat large) git repository if the web or worker role was recycled, or something. So I would love some advice on how you would architect such a system :) Ultimately, the only real requirement is to be able to serve HTML content that's been produced from the contents of a git repository (in a relatively responsive manner, from a publishing perspective) ... please feel free to ask any clarifying questions if there's something I omitted. Thanks!

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• In git, how can I get the diff between two dates?

  - by Weidenrinde

  Basically, I am looking for something equivalent to cvs diff -D"1 day ago" -D"2010-02-29 11:11". While collecting more and more information, I found a solution. I paste it here, for others that might have similar problems. Things I have tried: In git, how can I get the diff between all the commits that occured between two dates? was ansered here with: git whatchanged --since="1 day ago" -p But this gives a diff for each commit, even if there are multiple commits in one file. I know that "date" is a bit of a loose concept in git, I thought there must be some way to do this. git diff 'master@{1 day ago}..master gives some warning warning: Log for 'master' only goes back to Tue, 16 Mar 2010 14:17:32 +0100. and does not show old diffs. git format-patch --since=yesterday --stdout does not give anything. revs=$(git log --pretty="format:%H" --since="1 day ago");git diff $(echo "$revs"|tail -n1) $(echo "$revs"|head -n1) works somehow, but seems complicated and does not restrict to the current branch. git diff $(git rev-list -n1 --before="1 day ago" master) seems to work and a default way to do similar things, although more complicated than I thought. Funnily, git-cvsserver does not support "cvs diff -D" (without that it is documented somewhere).

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• Why does git remember changes, but not let me stage them?

  - by Andres Jaan Tack

  I have a list of modifications when I run git status, but I cannot stage them or commit them. How can I fix this? This occurred after pulling the kernelmode directory from a bare repository somewhere in one huge commit. % git status # On branch master # Changed but not updated: # (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed) # (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory) # # modified: kernelmode/linux-2.6.33/Documentation/IO-mapping.txt # ... $ git add . $ git status # On branch master # Changed but not updated: # (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed) # (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory) # # modified: kernelmode/linux-2.6.33/Documentation/IO-mapping.txt # ...

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• How do I change a file's path in git's history?

  - by carleeto

  Here is what I have - a git repo of my code: projects |-proj1 (no git repo here yet) |-subproj1 <- current git repo here Here is what I want - a git repo which is now tracking a new project that uses my code: projects |-proj1 <-git repo moved to here, but still tracking files in subproj1 |-subproj1 (no git repo here) I'd like to keep the history intact and therefore the new repository will be referring to files that are one level deeper than the original. What is the most pain free way to do this?

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