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• drawing graphs in php

  - by user434885

  i am using php to generate graphs from arrays. I wish to create multiple graphs on the same page as i need to design a summary report from answers extracted from a database. Currently i am using this code and am only able to get one single graph. what additions to the code do i need to make to get multiple graphs? <?php function draw_graph($values) { // Get the total number of columns we are going to plot $columns = count($values); // Get the height and width of the final image $width = 300; $height = 200; // Set the amount of space between each column $padding = 5; // Get the width of 1 column $column_width = $width / $columns ; // Generate the image variables $im = imagecreate($width,$height); $gray = imagecolorallocate ($im,0xcc,0xcc,0xcc); $gray_lite = imagecolorallocate ($im,0xee,0xee,0xee); $gray_dark = imagecolorallocate ($im,0x7f,0x7f,0x7f); $white = imagecolorallocate ($im,0xff,0xff,0xff); // Fill in the background of the image imagefilledrectangle($im,0,0,$width,$height,$white); $maxv = 0; // Calculate the maximum value we are going to plot for($i=0;$i<$columns;$i++)$maxv = max($values[$i],$maxv); // Now plot each column for($i=0;$i<$columns;$i++) { $column_height = ($height / 100) * (( $values[$i] / $maxv) *100); $x1 = $i*$column_width; $y1 = $height-$column_height; $x2 = (($i+1)*$column_width)-$padding; $y2 = $height; imagefilledrectangle($im,$x1,$y1,$x2,$y2,$gray_dark); } header ("Content-type: image/png"); imagepng($im); imagedestroy($im); } $values = array("23","32","35","57","12"); $values2 = array("123","232","335","157","102"); draw_graph($values2); draw_graph($values);//no output is coming draw_graph($values2);//no output is coming draw_graph($values);//no output is coming ?>

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• Is there a free tool which can help visualize the logic of a stored procedure in SQL Server 2008 R2?

  - by Hamish Grubijan

  I would like to be able to plot a call graph of a stored procedure. I am not interested in every detail, and I am not concerned with dynamic SQL (although it would be cool to detect it and skip it maybe or mark it as such.) I would like the tool to generate a tree for me, given the server name, db name, stored proc name, a "call tree", which includes: Parent stored procedure. Every other stored procedure that is being called as a child of the caller. Every table that is being modified (updated or deleted from) as a child of the stored proc which does it. Hopefully it is clear what I am after; if not - please do ask. If there is not a tool that can do this, then I would like to try to write one myself. Python 2.6 is my language of choice, and I would like to use standard libraries as much as possible. Any suggestions? EDIT: For the purposes of bounty Warning: SQL syntax is COMPLEX. I need something that can parse all kinds of SQL 2008, even if it looks stupid. No corner cases barred :) EDIT2: I would be OK if all I am missing is graphics.

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• Facebook API - Detect if session is active OR NOT active

  - by Tom Doe

  I'm sure I'm simply overlooking something in the Facebook API docs. Basically, after I've loaded the FB Graph, I need to know if the session is active... I cannot simply assume they're logged out and simply re-render if they're logged in once the 'auth.statusChange' event is triggered. I need to know right off the bat. Below is the code that I've used. Most importantly the FB.getLoginStatus/getAuthResponse/getAccessToken don't work like I'd expect; essentially where it indicates, when invoked, whether they're logged in or out. (function(d) { // Create fb-root var fb_root = document.createElement('div'); fb_root.id = "fb-root"; document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0].appendChild( fb_root ); // Load FB Async var js, id = 'facebook-jssdk', ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/all.js"; ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); // App config-data var config = { appId : XXXX, cookie: true, status: true, frictionlessRequests: true }; window.fbAsyncInit = function() { // This won't work. // I can't assume they're logged out and rely on this to tell me they're logged in. FB.Event.subscribe('auth.statusChange', function(response) {}); // Init FB.init(config); // These do not inidicate if the user is logged out :( FB.getLoginStatus(function(response) { }); FB.getAuthResponse(function(response) { }); FB.getAccessToken(function(response) { }); }; }(document)); Any help is much appreciated. :)

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• why cacti is showing empty graph.??.even if rrd file created..

  - by Divya mohan Singh

  hii, i have develop my own snmp service..and i want to plot a graph of an OID provided. so, i have create graph in cacti. -) Its is showing device up. -) It is creating rrd file.(RRDTool says OK). -) showing the graph but its empty. but when i check it say rrdtool fetch AVERAGE it showing me all the values nan only..the monitored OID is having value 47 and i have set min=0 and max=100 i am using cacti appliance by rpath http://www.rpath.org/ui/#/appliances?id=http://www.rpath.org/api/products/cacti-appliance still i can show value on graph.. where is the problem??can anyone plz tell me??

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• how can I save/keep-in-sync an in-memory graph of objects with the database?

  - by Greg

  Question - What is a good best practice approach for how can I save/keep-in-sync an jn-memory graph of objects with the database? Background: That is say I have the classes Node and Relationship, and the application is building up a graph of related objects using these classes. There might be 1000 nodes with various relationships between them. The application needs to query the structure hence an in-memory approach is good for performance no doubt (e.g. traverse the graph from Node X to find the root parents) The graph does need to be persisted however into a database with tables NODES and RELATIONSHIPS. Therefore what is a good best practice approach for how can I save/keep-in-sync an jn-memory graph of objects with the database? Ideal requirements would include: build up changes in-memory and then 'save' afterwards (mandatory) when saving, apply updates to database in correct order to avoid hitting any database constraints (mandatory) keep persistence mechanism separate from model, for ease in changing persistence layer if needed, e.g. don't just wrap an ADO.net DataRow in the Node and Relationship classes (desirable) mechanism for doing optimistic locking (desirable) Or is the overhead of all this for a smallish application just not worth it and I should just hit the database each time for everything? (assuming the response times were acceptable) [would still like to avoid if not too much extra overhead to remain somewhat scalable re performance]

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• How can I make a core-plot graph on the phone that doesn't auto-expand to fill the whole superview

  - by Robb

  I'm pretty sure I saw an example where the graph wasn't filling the whole iPhone screen, but I can't get that to happen in my app, nor in the Core-Plot Test app from Switch On The Code. I've added a subview to the original CPLayerHostingView in the sample, then changed the classes – original back to UIView, new subview to CPLayerHostingView, and I've reconnected the File's owner's view outlet to the new subview. When I create a graph with: graph = [[CPXYGraph alloc] initWithFrame: theSubviewOutlet.bounds]; … and step through the first stages of building up the layers the bounds are accurate (i.e. the same as in the .xib) however, when all the initialization is done, and the graph shows up, it fills the whole superview. Am I missing something obvious?

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• Prevent recursive CTE visiting nodes multiple times

  - by bacar

  Consider the following simple DAG: 1->2->3->4 And a table, #bar, describing this (I'm using SQL Server 2005): parent_id child_id 1 2 2 3 3 4 //... other edges, not connected to the subgraph above Now imagine that I have some other arbitrary criteria that select the first and last edges, i.e. 1-2 and 3-4. I want to use these to find the rest of my graph. I can write a recursive CTE as follows (I'm using terminology from MSDN): with foo(parent_id,child_id) as ( // anchor member that happens to select first and last edges: select parent_id,child_id from #bar where parent_id in (1,3) union all // recursive member: select #bar.* from #bar join foo on #bar.parent_id = foo.child_id ) select parent_id,child_id from foo However, this results in edge 3-4 being selected twice: parent_id child_id 1 2 3 4 2 3 3 4 // 2nd appearance! How can I prevent the query from recursing into subgraphs that have already been described? I could achieve this if, in my "recursive member" part of the query, I could reference all data that has been retrieved by the recursive CTE so far (and supply a predicate indicating in the recursive member excluding nodes already visited). However, I think I can access data that was returned by the last iteration of the recursive member only. This will not scale well when there is a lot of such repetition. Is there a way of preventing this unnecessary additional recursion? Note that I could use "select distinct" in the last line of my statement to achieve the desired results, but this seems to be applied after all the (repeated) recursion is done, so I don't think this is an ideal solution. Edit - hainstech suggests stopping recursion by adding a predicate to exclude recursing down paths that were explicitly in the starting set, i.e. recurse only where foo.child_id not in (1,3). That works for the case above only because it simple - all the repeated sections begin within the anchor set of nodes. It doesn't solve the general case where they may not be. e.g., consider adding edges 1-4 and 4-5 to the above set. Edge 4-5 will be captured twice, even with the suggested predicate. :(

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• Problem on a Floyd-Warshall implementation using c++

  - by Henrique

  I've got a assignment for my college, already implemented Dijkstra and Bellman-Ford sucessfully, but i'm on trouble on this one. Everything looks fine, but it's not giving me the correct answer. Here's the code: void FloydWarshall() { //Also assume that n is the number of vertices and edgeCost(i,i) = 0 int path[500][500]; /* A 2-dimensional matrix. At each step in the algorithm, path[i][j] is the shortest path from i to j using intermediate vertices (1..k-1). Each path[i][j] is initialized to edgeCost(i,j) or infinity if there is no edge between i and j. */ for(int i = 0 ; i <= nvertices ; i++) for(int j = 0 ; j <= nvertices ; j++) path[i][j] = INFINITY; for(int j = 0 ; j < narestas ; j++) //narestas = number of edges { path[arestas[j]->v1][arestas[j]->v2] = arestas[j]->peso; //peso = weight of the edge (aresta = edge) path[arestas[j]->v2][arestas[j]->v1] = arestas[j]->peso; } for(int i = 0 ; i <= nvertices ; i++) //path(i, i) = 0 path[i][i] = 0; //test print, it's working fine //printf("\n\n\nResultado FloydWarshall:\n"); //for(int i = 1 ; i <= nvertices ; i++) // printf("distancia ao vertice %d: %d\n", i, path[1][i]); //heres the problem, it messes up, and even a edge who costs 4, and the minimum is 4, it prints 2. //for k = 1 to n for(int k = 1 ; k <= nvertices ; k++) //for i = 1 to n for(int i = 1 ; i <= nvertices ; i++) //for j := 1 to n for(int j = 1 ; j <= nvertices ; j++) if(path[i][j] > path[i][k] + path[k][j]) path[i][j] = path[i][k] + path[k][j]; printf("\n\n\nResultado FloydWarshall:\n"); for(int i = 1 ; i <= nvertices ; i++) printf("distancia ao vertice %d: %d\n", i, path[1][i]); } im using this graph example i've made: 6 7 1 2 4 1 5 1 2 3 1 2 5 2 5 6 3 6 4 6 3 4 2 means we have 6 vertices (1 to 6), and 7 edges (1,2) with weight 4... etc.. If anyone need more info, i'm up to giving it, just tired of looking at this code and not finding an error.

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• Is there a way to make PHP's SplHeap recalculate? (aka: add up-heap to SplHeap?)

  - by md2k7

  I am using an SplHeap to hold graph nodes of a tree with directed edges that will be traversed from the leaves to the root. For this, I precalculate the "fan-in" of nodes and put them into the heap so that I can always retrieve the node with the smallest fan-in (0) from it. After visiting a node, I reduce the fan-in of its successor by 1. Then obviously, the heap needs to be recalculated because the successor is now in the wrong place there. I have tried recoverFromCorruption(), but it doesn't do anything and keeps the heap in the wrong order (node with larger fanIn stays in front of smaller fanIn). As a workaround, I'm now creating a new heap after each visit, amounting to a full O(N*log(N)) sort each time. It should be possible, however, to make up-heap operations on the changed heap entry until it's in the right position in O(log(N)). The API for SplHeap doesn't mention an up-heap (or deletion of an arbitrary element - it could then be re-added). Can I somehow derive a class from SplHeap to do this or do I have to create a pure PHP heap from scratch? EDIT: Code example: class VoteGraph { private $nodes = array(); private function calculateFanIn() { /* ... */ } // ... private function calculateWeights() { $this->calculateFanIn(); $fnodes = new GraphNodeHeap(); // heap by fan-in ascending (leaves are first) foreach($this->nodes as $n) { // omitted: filter loops $fnodes->insert($n); } // traversal from leaves to root while($fnodes->valid()) { $node = $fnodes->extract(); // fetch a leaf from the heap $successor = $this->nodes[$node->successor]; // omitted: actual job of traversal $successor->fanIn--; // will need to fix heap (sift up successor) because of this //$fnodes->recoverFromCorruption(); // doesn't work for what I want // workaround: rebuild $fnodes from scratch $fixedHeap = new GraphNodeHeap(); foreach($fnodes as $e) $fixedHeap->insert($e); $fnodes = $fixedHeap; } } } class GraphNodeHeap extends SplHeap { public function compare($a, $b) { if($a->fanIn === $b->fanIn) return 0; else return $a->fanIn < $b->fanIn ? 1 : -1; } }

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• JAVA BubbleSort Output Plotting

  - by John Smith

  I'm not sure how to plot the output I get with my run time results for BubbleSort. Here's the thing: I've written a working BubbleSort algorithm that does exactly as it should. But I wish to plot the output, to show the following: Best Case, Worst Case, Average Case ... How would I go about plotting it on a graph? Here is the code: public class BubbleSort { static double bestTime = 10000000, worstTime = 0; public static void main(String[] args) { int BubArray[] = new int[]{13981, 6793, 2662, 10986, 733, ... #1000 integers}; System.out.println("Unsorted List Before Bubble Sort"); for(int a = 0; a < BubArray.length; a++){ System.out.print(BubArray[a] + " "); } System.out.println("\n Bubble Sort Execution ..."); for(int i=0; i<10000;i++) { bubbleSortTimeTaken(BubArray, i); } int itrs = bubbleSort(BubArray); System.out.println(""); System.out.println("Array After Bubble Sort"); System.out.println("Moves Taken for Sort : " + itrs + " Moves."); System.out.println("BestTime: " + bestTime + " WorstTime: " + worstTime); System.out.print("Sorted Array: \n"); for(int a = 0; a < BubArray.length; a++){ System.out.print(BubArray[a] + " "); } } private static int bubbleSort(int[] BubArray) { int z = BubArray.length; int temp = 0; int itrs = 0; for(int a = 0; a < z; a++){ for(int x=1; x < (z-a); x++){ if(BubArray[x-1] > BubArray[x]){ temp = BubArray[x-1]; BubArray[x-1] = BubArray[x]; BubArray[x] = temp; } itrs++; } } return itrs; } public static void bubbleSortTimeTaken(int[] BubArray, int n) { long startTime = System.nanoTime(); bubbleSort(BubArray); double timeTaken = (System.nanoTime() - startTime)/1000000d; if (timeTaken > 0) { worstTime = timeTaken; } else if (timeTaken < bestTime) { bestTime = timeTaken; } System.out.println(n + "," + timeTaken); } } The output are as the following ( execution number, time (nano/10^6): Unsorted List Before Bubble Sort 13981 6793 2662 .... #1000 integers Bubble Sort Execution ... 0, 18.319891 1, 4.728978 2, 3.670697 3, 3.648922 4, 4.161576 5, 3.824369 .... 9995, 4.331423 9996, 3.692473 9997, 3.709893 9998, 6.16055 9999, 4.32209 Array After Bubble Sort Moves Taken for Sort : 541320 Moves. BestTime: 1.0E7 WorstTime: 4.32209 Sorted Array: 10 11 17 24 57 60 83 128 141 145 ... #1000 integers I am looking for graphs to represent Average, Best and Worst case based on the output but my current graphs don't look correct. Any help would be appreciated, thanks.

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• python matrices - list index out of range

  - by user1888493

  I am writing a function, that takes a matrix as input, such as the one below. Then the it returns the matrix' inverse, where all the 1s are changed to 0s and all the 0s changed to 1s, while keeping the diagonal from top left to bottom right 0s. An example input: g1 = [[0, 1, 1, 0], [1, 0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0, 1], [0, 1, 1, 0]] the function should output this: g1 = [[0, 0, 0, 1], [0, 0, 1, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [1, 0, 0, 0]] When I run the program, it raises a list index out of range error. I'm sure this happens, because the loops I have set up are trying to access values that do not exist. But how do I allow an input of unknown row and column size? I only know how to do this with a single list, but a list of lists? Following you see the transforming function, but not the test function that calls it: def inverse_graph(graph): # take in graph # change all zeros to ones and ones to zeros r, c = 0, 0 # row, column equal zero while (graph[r][c] == 0 or graph[r][c] == 1): # while the current row has a value. while (graph[r][c] == 0 or graph[r][c] == 1): # while the current column has a value if (graph[r][c] == 0): graph[r][c] = 1 elif (graph[r][c] == 1): graph[r][c] = 0 c+=1 c=0 r+=1 c=0 r=0 # sets diagonal to zeros while (g1[r][c] == 0 or g1[r][c] == 1): g1[r][c]=0 c+=1 r+=1 return graph

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• Artichow PlotGroup: Legends not showing

  - by Hameed

  I am working on a little project on OpenCATS, developing some charts. In one of the charts, I need to add multiple plots to a PlotGroup and add Legends as well. I have written a small function that creates the chart, however I have difficulty displaying the legends when I add them to a PlotGroup object. Here is the code: public function draw($format = false) { /* Make sure we have GD support. */ if (!function_exists('imagecreatefromjpeg')) { die(); } if ($format === false) { $format = IMG_PNG; } $group = new PlotGroup(); $graph = new Graph($this->width, $this->height, NULL, 0, $this->width-135); $graph->setFormat($format); $graph->setBackgroundColor(new Color(0xF4, 0xF4, 0xF4)); $graph->shadow->setSize(3); $graph->title->set($this->title); $graph->title->setFont(new Tuffy(10)); $graph->title->setColor(new Color(0x00, 0x00, 0x8B)); $graph->border->setColor(new Color(187, 187, 187, 15)); $group->axis->bottom->setLabelText($this->xLabels); $group->axis->bottom->label->setFont(new Tuffy(8)); $group->setPadding(25, 145, 10, 22); $plotcount = 0; $plot = array(); foreach ($this->xValues as $xVal) { $plotcount++; $plot[$plotcount-1] = new LinePlot($xVal, LinePlot::LINE); $plot[$plotcount-1]->setPadding(25, 145, 10, 22); if ($plotcount % 5 ==0 ) $plot[$plotcount-1]->setColor(new Blue); else if ($plotcount % 4 ==0 ) $plot[$plotcount-1]->setColor(new DarkGreen); else if ($plotcount % 3 ==0 ) $plot[$plotcount-1]->setColor(new Red); else if ($plotcount % 2 ==0 ) $plot[$plotcount-1]->setColor(new Orange); $plot[$plotcount-1]->setThickness(2); $plot[$plotcount-1]->legend->add($plot[$plotcount-1], $this->legends[$plotcount-1]); $plot[$plotcount-1]->legend->setTextFont(new Tuffy(8)); $plot[$plotcount-1]->legend->setPadding(3, 3, 3, 3, 3); $plot[$plotcount-1]->legend->setPosition(1, 0.825); $plot[$plotcount-1]->legend->setBackgroundColor(new Color(0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF)); $plot[$plotcount-1]->legend->border->setColor(new Color(0xD0, 0xD0, 0xD0)); $plot[$plotcount-1]->legend->shadow->setSize(0); $group->add($plot[$plotcount-1]); } $graph->add($group); $graph->draw(); } } If I draw only one LinePlot it works: So for instance if I change $graph->add($group); to $graph->add($plot[0]); then only one of the lines will show up with the legend next to it.

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• Oracle Database 12c Spatial: Vector Performance Acceleration

  - by Okcan Yasin Saygili-Oracle

  Most business information has a location component, such as customer addresses, sales territories and physical assets. Businesses can take advantage of their geographic information by incorporating location analysis and intelligence into their information systems. This allows organizations to make better decisions, respond to customers more effectively, and reduce operational costs – increasing ROI and creating competitive advantage. Oracle Database, the industry’s most advanced database,  includes native location capabilities, fully integrated in the kernel, for fast, scalable, reliable and secure spatial and massive graph applications. It is a foundation for deploying enterprise-wide spatial information systems and locationenabled business applications. Developers can extend existing Oracle-based tools and applications, since they can easily incorporate location information directly in their applications, workflows, and services. Spatial Features The geospatial data features of Oracle Spatial and Graph option support complex geographic information systems (GIS) applications, enterprise applications and location services applications. Oracle Spatial and Graph option extends the spatial query and analysis features included in every edition of Oracle Database with the Oracle Locator feature, and provides a robust foundation for applications that require advanced spatial analysis and processing in the Oracle Database. It supports all major spatial data types and models, addressing challenging business-critical requirements from various industries, including transportation, utilities, energy, public sector, defense and commercial location intelligence. Network Data Model Graph Features The Network Data Model graph explicitly stores and maintains a persistent data model withnetwork connectivity and provides network analysis capability such as shortest path, nearest neighbors, within cost and reachability. It loads partitioned networks into memory on demand, overcomingthe limitations of in-memory analysis. Partitioning massive networks into manageable sub-networkssimplifies the network analysis. RDF Semantic Graph Features RDF Semantic Graph has native support for World Wide Web Consortium standards. It has open, scalable, and secure features for storing RDF/OWL ontologies anddata; native inference with OWL 2, SKOS and user-defined rules; and querying RDF/OWL data withSPARQL 1.1, Java APIs, and SPARQLgraph patterns in SQL. Video: Oracle Spatial and Graph Overview Oracle spatial is embeded on oracle database product. So ,we can use oracle installer (OUI).The Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) is used to install Oracle Database software. OUI is a graphical user interface utility that enables you to view the Oracle software that is installed on your machine, install new Oracle Database software, and delete Oracle software that you no longer need to use. Online Help is available to guide you through the installation process. One of the installation options is to create a database. If you select database creation, OUI automatically starts Oracle Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) to guide you through the process of creating and configuring a database. If you do not create a database during installation, you must invoke DBCA after you have installed the software to create a database. You can also use DBCA to create additional databases. For installing Oracle Database 12c you may check the Installing Oracle Database Software and Creating a Database tutorial under the Oracle Database 12c 2-Day DBA Series.You can always check if spatial is available in your database using  "select comp_id, version, status, comp_name from dba_registry where comp_id='SDO';"   One of the most notable improvements with Oracle Spatial and Graph 12c can be seen in performance increases in vector data operations. Enabling the Spatial Vector Acceleration feature (available with the Spatial option) dramatically improves the performance of commonly used vector data operations, such as sdo_distance, sdo_aggr_union, and sdo_inside. With 12c, these operations also run more efficiently in parallel than in prior versions through the use of metadata caching. For organizations that have been facing processing limitations, these enhancements enable developers to make a small set of configuration changes and quickly realize significant performance improvements. Results include improved index performance, enhanced geometry engine performance, optimized secondary filter optimizations for Spatial operators, and improved CPU and memory utilization for many advanced vector functions. Vector performance acceleration is especially beneficial when using Oracle Exadata Database Machine and other large-scale systems. Oracle Spatial and Graph vector performance acceleration builds on general improvements available to all SDO_GEOMETRY operations in these areas: Caching of index metadata, Concurrent update mechanisms, and Optimized spatial predicate selectivity and cost functions. These optimizations enable more efficient use of: CPU, Memory, and Partitioning Resulting in substantial query performance improvements.UsageTo accelerate the performance of spatial operators, it is recommended that you set the SPATIAL_VECTOR_ACCELERATION database system parameter to the value TRUE. (This parameter is authorized for use only by licensed Oracle Spatial users, and its default value is FALSE.) You can set this parameter for the whole system or for a single session. To set the value for the whole system, do either of the following:Enter the following statement from a suitably privileged account:   ALTER SYSTEM SET SPATIAL_VECTOR_ACCELERATION = TRUE;Add the following to the database initialization file (xxxinit.ora):   SPATIAL_VECTOR_ACCELERATION = TRUE;To set the value for the current session, enter the following statement from a suitably privileged account:   ALTER SESSION SET SPATIAL_VECTOR_ACCELERATION = TRUE; Checkout the complete list of new features on Oracle.com @ http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/options/spatialandgraph/overview/index.html Spatial and Graph Data Sheet (PDF) Spatial and Graph White Paper (PDF)

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• What is a good practice for 2D scene graph partitioning for culling?

  - by DevilWithin

  I need to know an efficient way to cull the scene graph objects, to render exclusively the ones in the view, and as fast as possible. I am thinking of doing it the following way, having in each object a local boundingbox which holds the object bounds, and a global boundingbox which holds the bounds of the object and all children. When a camera is moved, the render list is updated by traversing the global boundingboxes. When only the object is being moved, it tries to enlarge or shrink the ancestors global boundingboxes, and in the end updating or not the renderlist. What do you think of this approach? Do you think it will provide a fast and efficient culling? Also, because the render list is a contiguous list, it could accelerate the rendering, right? Any further tips for a 2D scene graphs are highly appreciated!

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• Prim's MST algorithm implementation with Java

  - by user1290164

  I'm trying to write a program that'll find the MST of a given undirected weighted graph with Kruskal's and Prim's algorithms. I've successfully implemented Kruskal's algorithm in the program, but I'm having trouble with Prim's. To be more precise, I can't figure out how to actually build the Prim function so that it'll iterate through all the vertices in the graph. I'm getting some IndexOutOfBoundsException errors during program execution. I'm not sure how much information is needed for others to get the idea of what I have done so far, but hopefully there won't be too much useless information. This is what I have so far: I have a Graph, Edge and a Vertex class. Vertex class mostly just an information storage that contains the name (number) of the vertex. Edge class can create a new Edge that has gets parameters (Vertex start, Vertex end, int edgeWeight). The class has methods to return the usual info like start vertex, end vertex and the weight. Graph class reads data from a text file and adds new Edges to an ArrayList. The text file also tells us how many vertecis the graph has, and that gets stored too. In the Graph class, I have a Prim() -method that's supposed to calculate the MST: public ArrayList<Edge> Prim(Graph G) { ArrayList<Edge> edges = G.graph; // Copies the ArrayList with all edges in it. ArrayList<Edge> MST = new ArrayList<Edge>(); Random rnd = new Random(); Vertex startingVertex = edges.get(rnd.nextInt(G.returnVertexCount())).returnStartingVertex(); // This is just to randomize the starting vertex. // This is supposed to be the main loop to find the MST, but this is probably horribly wrong.. while (MST.size() < returnVertexCount()) { Edge e = findClosestNeighbour(startingVertex); MST.add(e); visited.add(e.returnStartingVertex()); visited.add(e.returnEndingVertex()); edges.remove(e); } return MST; } The method findClosesNeighbour() looks like this: public Edge findClosestNeighbour(Vertex v) { ArrayList<Edge> neighbours = new ArrayList<Edge>(); ArrayList<Edge> edges = graph; for (int i = 0; i < edges.size() -1; ++i) { if (edges.get(i).endPoint() == s.returnVertexID() && !visited(edges.get(i).returnEndingVertex())) { neighbours.add(edges.get(i)); } } return neighbours.get(0); // This is the minimum weight edge in the list. } ArrayList<Vertex> visited and ArrayList<Edges> graph get constructed when creating a new graph. Visited() -method is simply a boolean check to see if ArrayList visited contains the Vertex we're thinking about moving to. I tested the findClosestNeighbour() independantly and it seemed to be working but if someone finds something wrong with it then that feedback is welcome also. Mainly though as I mentioned my problem is with actually building the main loop in the Prim() -method, and if there's any additional info needed I'm happy to provide it. Thank you. Edit: To clarify what my train of thought with the Prim() method is. What I want to do is first randomize the starting point in the graph. After that, I will find the closest neighbor to that starting point. Then we'll add the edge connecting those two points to the MST, and also add the vertices to the visited list for checking later, so that we won't form any loops in the graph. Here's the error that gets thrown: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException: Index: 0, Size: 0 at java.util.ArrayList.rangeCheck(Unknown Source) at java.util.ArrayList.get(Unknown Source) at Graph.findClosestNeighbour(graph.java:203) at Graph.Prim(graph.java:179) at MST.main(MST.java:49) Line 203: return neighbour.get(0); in findClosestNeighbour() Line 179: Edge e = findClosestNeighbour(startingVertex); in Prim()

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• Questioning the motivation for dependency injection: Why is creating an object graph hard?

  - by oberlies

  Dependency injection frameworks like Google Guice give the following motivation for their usage (source): To construct an object, you first build its dependencies. But to build each dependency, you need its dependencies, and so on. So when you build an object, you really need to build an object graph. Building object graphs by hand is labour intensive (...) and makes testing difficult. But I don't buy this argument: Even without dependency injection, I can write classes which are both easy to instantiate and convenient to test. E.g. the example from the Guice motivation page could be rewritten in the following way: class BillingService { private final CreditCardProcessor processor; private final TransactionLog transactionLog; // constructor for tests, taking all collaborators as parameters BillingService(CreditCardProcessor processor, TransactionLog transactionLog) { this.processor = processor; this.transactionLog = transactionLog; } // constructor for production, calling the (productive) constructors of the collaborators public BillingService() { this(new PaypalCreditCardProcessor(), new DatabaseTransactionLog()); } public Receipt chargeOrder(PizzaOrder order, CreditCard creditCard) { ... } } So dependency injection may really be an advantage in advanced use cases, but I don't need it for easy construction and testability, do I?

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• Questioning one of the arguments for dependency injection: Why is creating an object graph hard?

  - by oberlies

  Dependency injection frameworks like Google Guice give the following motivation for their usage (source): To construct an object, you first build its dependencies. But to build each dependency, you need its dependencies, and so on. So when you build an object, you really need to build an object graph. Building object graphs by hand is labour intensive (...) and makes testing difficult. But I don't buy this argument: Even without dependency injection, I can write classes which are both easy to instantiate and convenient to test. E.g. the example from the Guice motivation page could be rewritten in the following way: class BillingService { private final CreditCardProcessor processor; private final TransactionLog transactionLog; // constructor for tests, taking all collaborators as parameters BillingService(CreditCardProcessor processor, TransactionLog transactionLog) { this.processor = processor; this.transactionLog = transactionLog; } // constructor for production, calling the (productive) constructors of the collaborators public BillingService() { this(new PaypalCreditCardProcessor(), new DatabaseTransactionLog()); } public Receipt chargeOrder(PizzaOrder order, CreditCard creditCard) { ... } } So there may be other arguments for dependency injection (which are out of scope for this question!), but easy creation of testable object graphs is not one of them, is it?

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• Structuring cascading properties - parent only or parent + entire child graph?

  - by SB2055

  I have a Folder entity that can be Moderated by users. Folders can contain other folders. So I may have a structure like this: Folder 1 Folder 2 Folder 3 Folder 4 I have to decide how to implement Moderation for this entity. I've come up with two options: Option 1 When the user is given moderation privileges to Folder 1, define a moderator relationship between Folder 1 and User 1. No other relationships are added to the db. To determine if the user can moderate Folder 3, I check and see if User 1 is the moderator of any parent folders. This seems to alleviate some of the complexity of handling updates / moved entities / additions under Folder 1 after the relationship has been defined, and reverting the relationship means I only have to deal with one entity. Option 2 When the user is given moderation privileges to Folder 1, define a new relationship between User 1 and Folder 1, and all child entities down to the grandest of grandchildren when the relationship is created, and if it's ever removed, iterate back down the graph to remove the relationship. If I add something under Folder 2 after this relationship has been made, I just copy all Moderators into the new Entity. But when I need to show only the top-level Folders that a user is Moderating, I need to query all folders that have a parent folder that the user does not moderate, as opposed to option 1, where I just query any items that the user is moderating. I think it comes down to determining if users will be querying for all parent items more than they'll be querying child items... if so, then option 1 seems better. But I'm not sure. Is either approach better than the other? Why? Or is there another approach that's better than both? I'm using Entity Framework in case it matters.

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• How to choose an integer linear programming solver ?

  - by Cassie

  Hi all, I am newbie for integer linear programming. I plan to use a integer linear programming solver to solve my combinatorial optimization problem. I am more familiar with C++/object oriented programming on an IDE. Now I am using NetBeans with Cygwin to write my applications most of time. May I ask if there is an easy use ILP solver for me? Or it depends on the problem I want to solve ? I am trying to do some resources mapping optimization. Please let me know if any further information is required. Thank you very much, Cassie.

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• help with number calculation algorithm [hw]

  - by sa125

  Hi - I'm working on a hw problem that asks me this: given a finite set of numbers, and a target number, find if the set can be used to calculate the target number using basic math operations (add, sub, mult, div) and using each number in the set exactly once (so I need to exhaust the set). This has to be done with recursion. So, for example, if I have the set {1, 2, 3, 4} and target 10, then I could get to it by using ((3 * 4) - 2)/1 = 10. I'm trying to phrase the algorithm in pseudo-code, but so far haven't gotten too far. I'm thinking graphs are the way to go, but would definitely appreciate help on this. thanks.

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• FusionCharts vs GoogleCharts vs HighCharts suggestions required for commercial use

  - by Forte

  I find that FusionCharts v3 evaluation and HighCharts cannot be used for commercial purpose. Google charts is the best option but those are not as good looking as any of the above. They don't even have 3d charts although their visualization API does support 3D which i cannot find. Is there any open source graphing or charting solution available which can be used in commercial products? I even looked in to Open Flash Charts 2 but found that the developer had left the project long time a go and the currently out libs are way too buggy. I had to fix more than 50 bugs to get their 1 chart working. I tried to fix others but couldn't get Pie charts etc. working. What i'm looking for is - 1. Attractive 3d column chart. 2. 3d Pie Chart. 3. Spline Chart. 4. Geographical Chart. Does anyone knows any open source or free solution which can be used for commercial products? Cheers!

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• Auto Login facebook user into application

  - by user537562

  So, Here is the scenario I am trying to fix. A returning user is logged into facebook but not logged into the application. In this case when the user tries to load the application, since the user cookie is not attained yet, it redirects the user to the login page. I googled around and found this solution, FB.Event.subscribe('auth.sessionChange', function(response) { if (response.session) { window.location.reload(); } } basically whats happening here is, we are registering to facebook for a login/logout event and when it receives a response, we reload the page. Now its loads the right page since we have the user cookie on our site domain after the first load. this works, but the problem is the double load. It takes a lot of time. How can I attain the user cookie on server side for returning user? so that I don't have to do the initial page reload. Also, I have looked at yelp, and somehow they are able to load the user information without doing double load, does any body know they are able to do it? Any help is greatly appreciated, Thanks!

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• Can't checkin to Facebook Places by post to api?

  - by MarcusJoe

  Hey everybody, I am trying to build an app where I let my registered user be able to check in to places on Facebook Places. I however for some reason can't seem to make this work. I assumed this is possible with the Api as write functionality has been added to it, but I couldn't find an clear explanation on the web. this is what I currently have, after I have asked the user for permission to publish checkins and for user_checkins. <?php require("src/facebook.php"); $facebook = new Facebook(array( 'appId' => 'xxxxxxxxx', 'secret' => 'xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx', 'cookie' => true )); # see if active session $session = $facebook->getSession(); if(!empty($session)) { try{ $uid = $facebook->getUser(); $api_call = array( 'method' => 'users.hasAppPermission', 'uid' => $uid, 'ext_perm' => 'publish_checkins' ); $can_post = $facebook->api($api_call); if($can_post){ $facebook->api('/'.$uid.'/checkins', 'POST', array( 'access_token' => $facebook->getAccessToken(), 'place' => 'place_id', 'message' =>'I went to placename today', 'picture' => 'http://www.place.com/logo.jpg', 'coordinates' => array( 'latitude' => 'lattiude', 'longitude' => 'lattitude', 'tags' => $uid, ) ) ); echo 'You were checked in'; } else { die('Permissions required!'); } } catch (Exception $e){} } else { # There's no active session,generate one $login_url = $facebook->getLoginUrl(); header("Location: ".$login_url); } ?> The code works when I change it 'checkins' to 'feed'. Is there something wrong with my code or am I trying to do somethign that isn't possible (or do it the wrong way). Any help will be greatly appreciated as I already spent quite a significant amount of time trying to fix this, but I just can't seem to make it work. Best regards, Marcus Joe

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• How to send a Facebook notification through their API

  - by at

  I asked this on the Facebook Developers Forum with no responses.. How do I send notifications to users so they show up in the Notifications globe icon tab on the top left of a user's Facebook page? Some applications I use have their notifications show up there, but I don't see how that mechanism works in Facebook's API docs. Neither are there any permissions which seem to be required to send users notifications.

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• Finding minimum cut-sets between bounded subgraphs

  - by Tore

  If a game map is partitioned into subgraphs, how to minimize edges between subgraphs? I have a problem, Im trying to make A* searches through a grid based game like pacman or sokoban, but i need to find "enclosures". What do i mean by enclosures? subgraphs with as few cut edges as possible given a maximum size and minimum size for number of vertices for each subgraph that act as a soft constraints. Alternatively you could say i am looking to find bridges between subgraphs, but its generally the same problem. Given a game that looks like this, what i want to do is find enclosures so that i can properly find entrances to them and thus get a good heuristic for reaching vertices inside these enclosures. So what i want is to find these colored regions on any given map. My Motivation The reason for me bothering to do this and not just staying content with the performance of a simple manhattan distance heuristic is that an enclosure heuristic can give more optimal results and i would not have to actually do the A* to get some proper distance calculations and also for later adding competitive blocking of opponents within these enclosures when playing sokoban type games. Also the enclosure heuristic can be used for a minimax approach to finding goal vertices more properly. A possible solution to the problem is the Kernighan-Lin algorithm: function Kernighan-Lin(G(V,E)): determine a balanced initial partition of the nodes into sets A and B do A1 := A; B1 := B compute D values for all a in A1 and b in B1 for (i := 1 to |V|/2) find a[i] from A1 and b[i] from B1, such that g[i] = D[a[i]] + D[b[i]] - 2*c[a][b] is maximal move a[i] to B1 and b[i] to A1 remove a[i] and b[i] from further consideration in this pass update D values for the elements of A1 = A1 / a[i] and B1 = B1 / b[i] end for find k which maximizes g_max, the sum of g[1],...,g[k] if (g_max > 0) then Exchange a[1],a[2],...,a[k] with b[1],b[2],...,b[k] until (g_max <= 0) return G(V,E) My problem with this algorithm is its runtime at O(n^2 * lg(n)), i am thinking of limiting the nodes in A1 and B1 to the border of each subgraph to reduce the amount of work done. I also dont understand the c[a][b] cost in the algorithm, if a and b do not have an edge between them is the cost assumed to be 0 or infinity, or should i create an edge based on some heuristic. Do you know what c[a][b] is supposed to be when there is no edge between a and b? Do you think my problem is suitable to use a multi level problem? Why or why not? Do you have a good idea for how to reduce the work done with the kernighan-lin algorithm for my problem?

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