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• Rails Passenger Nginx cannot load such file -- bundler

  - by Stuart

  I have set up Rails, Passenger, nginx, and PostgreSQL on Ubuntu Server 12.04LTS. Upon trying to access the application/website, however, I am greeted with an error page saying that the application could not be started because a source file is missing. Error message: cannot load such file -- bundler. My nginx config (/opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf): user railsapp; worker_processes 1; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; passenger_root /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14; passenger_ruby /home/railsapp/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby; server { listen 80; server_name fitness_schedules.local; root /home/railsapp/fitness_schedules/public; passenger_enabled on; rack_env development; } } Here is the error message: A source file that the application requires, is missing. It is possible that you didn't upload your application files correctly. Please check whether all your application files are uploaded. A required library may not installed. Please install all libraries that this application requires. Further information about the error may have been written to the application's log file. Please check it in order to analyse the problem. Error message: cannot load such file -- bundler Exception class: LoadError Application root: /home/railsapp/fitness_schedules Here is the backtrace from the webpage that is presented by nginx: Backtrace: # File Line Location 0 /home/railsapp/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb 36 in `require' 1 /home/railsapp/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb 36 in `require' 2 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/utils.rb 325 in `prepare_app_process' 3 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/rack/application_spawner.rb 156 in `block in initialize_server' 4 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/utils.rb 563 in `report_app_init_status' 5 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/rack/application_spawner.rb 154 in `initialize_server' 6 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/abstract_server.rb 204 in `start_synchronously' 7 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/abstract_server.rb 180 in `start' 8 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/rack/application_spawner.rb 129 in `start' 9 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/spawn_manager.rb 253 in `block (2 levels) in spawn_rack_application' 10 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/abstract_server_collection.rb 132 in `lookup_or_add' 11 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/spawn_manager.rb 246 in `block in spawn_rack_application' 12 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/abstract_server_collection.rb 82 in `block in synchronize' 13 prelude> 10:in `synchronize' 14 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/abstract_server_collection.rb 79 in `synchronize' 15 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/spawn_manager.rb 244 in `spawn_rack_application' 16 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/spawn_manager.rb 137 in `spawn_application' 17 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/spawn_manager.rb 275 in `handle_spawn_application' 18 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/abstract_server.rb 357 in `server_main_loop' 19 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/lib/phusion_passenger/abstract_server.rb 206 in `start_synchronously' 20 /home/railsapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/passenger-3.0.14/helper-scripts/passenger-spawn-server 99 in `' In ~/fitness_schedules/log there are only development and test logs, no production/development logs.

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• Cannot read status the monit daemon, even with allowed group

  - by jefflunt

  I cannot seem to get monit status or other CLI commands to work. I've built monit v5.8 to run on a Raspberry Pi. I'm able to add services to be monitored, and the web interface can be accessed just fine, as I've set it up for public read-only access (it's a test server, not my final production setup, so not a big deal right now). Problem is, when I run monit status while logged in as root I get: # monit status monit: cannot read status from the monit daemon I also have monit started on boot via this /etc/inittab file entry: mo:2345:respawn:/usr/local/bin/monit -Ic /etc/monitrc I've verified that monit is running, and I'm getting email alerts anytime I either kill the monit process manually, or reboot my raspberry pi. So, next I check my monitrc file permissions to see which group is allowed access. # ls -al /etc/monitrc -rw------- 1 root root 2359 Aug 24 14:48 /etc/monitrc Here's my relevant allow section of the control file. set httpd port 80 allow [omitted] readonly allow @root allow localhost allow 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0 Also tried setting permissions on this file to 640 to allow group read permissions, but no matter what I try I either get the same error as noted above, or when the permissions are set to 640 I get: # monit status monit: The control file '/etc/monitrc' must have permissions no more than -rwx------ (0700); right now permissions are -rw-r----- (0640). What am I missing here? I know that the httpd must be enabled, as that's the interface that the CLI uses to get information (or so I've read), so I've done that. And in terms of monit doing its monitoring job and sending email alerts, that's all working as well. Here's my entire monitrc file - again, this is version v5.8, and it was build with both PAM and SSL support. The process runs under the root user: # Global settings set daemon 300 with start delay 5 set logfile /var/log/monit.log set pidfile /var/run/monit.pid set idfile /var/run/.monit.id set statefile /var/run/.monit.state # Mail alerts ## Set the list of mail servers for alert delivery. Multiple servers may be ## specified using a comma separator. If the first mail server fails, Monit # will use the second mail server in the list and so on. By default Monit uses # port 25 - it is possible to override this with the PORT option. # set mailserver smtp.gmail.com port 587 username [omitted] password [omitted] using tlsv1 ## Send status and events to M/Monit (for more informations about M/Monit ## see http://mmonit.com/). By default Monit registers credentials with ## M/Monit so M/Monit can smoothly communicate back to Monit and you don't ## have to register Monit credentials manually in M/Monit. It is possible to ## disable credential registration using the commented out option below. ## Though, if safety is a concern we recommend instead using https when ## communicating with M/Monit and send credentials encrypted. # # set mmonit http://monit:[email protected]:8080/collector # # and register without credentials # Don't register credentials # # ## Monit by default uses the following format for alerts if the the mail-format ## statement is missing:: set mail-format { from: [email protected] subject: $SERVICE $DESCRIPTION message: $EVENT Service: $SERVICE Date: $DATE Action: $ACTION Host: $HOST Description: $DESCRIPTION Monit instance provided by chicagomeshnet.com } # Web status page set httpd port 80 allow [omitted] readonly allow @root allow localhost allow 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0 ## You can set alert recipients whom will receive alerts if/when a ## service defined in this file has errors. Alerts may be restricted on ## events by using a filter as in the second example below.

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• Performance Tuning a High-Load Apache Server

  - by futureal

  I am looking to understand some server performance problems I am seeing with a (for us) heavily loaded web server. The environment is as follows: Debian Lenny (all stable packages + patched to security updates) Apache 2.2.9 PHP 5.2.6 Amazon EC2 large instance The behavior we're seeing is that the web typically feels responsive, but with a slight delay to begin handling a request -- sometimes a fraction of a second, sometimes 2-3 seconds in our peak usage times. The actual load on the server is being reported as very high -- often 10.xx or 20.xx as reported by top. Further, running other things on the server during these times (even vi) is very slow, so the load is definitely up there. Oddly enough Apache remains very responsive, other than that initial delay. We have Apache configured as follows, using prefork: StartServers 5 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 And KeepAlive as: KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout 5 Looking at the server-status page, even at these times of heavy load we are rarely hitting the client cap, usually serving between 80-100 requests and many of those in the keepalive state. That tells me to rule out the initial request slowness as "waiting for a handler" but I may be wrong. Amazon's CloudWatch monitoring tells me that even when our OS is reporting a load of 15, our instance CPU utilization is between 75-80%. Example output from top: top - 15:47:06 up 31 days, 1:38, 8 users, load average: 11.46, 7.10, 6.56 Tasks: 221 total, 28 running, 193 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 66.9%us, 22.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 2.6%id, 3.1%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.7%si, 4.5%st Mem: 7871900k total, 7850624k used, 21276k free, 68728k buffers Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 3750664k cached The majority of the processes look like: 24720 www-data 15 0 202m 26m 4412 S 9 0.3 0:02.97 apache2 24530 www-data 15 0 212m 35m 4544 S 7 0.5 0:03.05 apache2 24846 www-data 15 0 209m 33m 4420 S 7 0.4 0:01.03 apache2 24083 www-data 15 0 211m 35m 4484 S 7 0.5 0:07.14 apache2 24615 www-data 15 0 212m 35m 4404 S 7 0.5 0:02.89 apache2 Example output from vmstat at the same time as the above: procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ----cpu---- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa 8 0 0 215084 68908 3774864 0 0 154 228 5 7 32 12 42 9 6 21 0 198948 68936 3775740 0 0 676 2363 4022 1047 56 16 9 15 23 0 0 169460 68936 3776356 0 0 432 1372 3762 835 76 21 0 0 23 1 0 140412 68936 3776648 0 0 280 0 3157 827 70 25 0 0 20 1 0 115892 68936 3776792 0 0 188 8 2802 532 68 24 0 0 6 1 0 133368 68936 3777780 0 0 752 71 3501 878 67 29 0 1 0 1 0 146656 68944 3778064 0 0 308 2052 3312 850 38 17 19 24 2 0 0 202104 68952 3778140 0 0 28 90 2617 700 44 13 33 5 9 0 0 188960 68956 3778200 0 0 8 0 2226 475 59 17 6 2 3 0 0 166364 68956 3778252 0 0 0 21 2288 386 65 19 1 0 And finally, output from Apache's server-status: Server uptime: 31 days 2 hours 18 minutes 31 seconds Total accesses: 60102946 - Total Traffic: 974.5 GB CPU Usage: u209.62 s75.19 cu0 cs0 - .0106% CPU load 22.4 requests/sec - 380.3 kB/second - 17.0 kB/request 107 requests currently being processed, 6 idle workers C.KKKW..KWWKKWKW.KKKCKK..KKK.KKKK.KK._WK.K.K.KKKKK.K.R.KK..C.C.K K.C.K..WK_K..KKW_CK.WK..W.KKKWKCKCKW.W_KKKKK.KKWKKKW._KKK.CKK... KK_KWKKKWKCKCWKK.KKKCK.......................................... ................................................................ From my limited experience I draw the following conclusions/questions: We may be allowing far too many KeepAlive requests I do see some time spent waiting for IO in the vmstat although not consistently and not a lot (I think?) so I am not sure this is a big concern or not, I am less experienced with vmstat Also in vmstat, I see in some iterations a number of processes waiting to be served, which is what I am attributing the initial page load delay on our web server to, possibly erroneously We serve a mixture of static content (75% or higher) and script content, and the script content is often fairly processor intensive, so finding the right balance between the two is important; long term we want to move statics elsewhere to optimize both servers but our software is not ready for that today I am happy to provide additional information if anybody has any ideas, the other note is that this is a high-availability production installation so I am wary of making tweak after tweak, and is why I haven't played with things like the KeepAlive value myself yet.

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• Magento hosting on a budget

  - by spa

  I have to do a setup for Magento. My constraint is primarily ease of setup and fault tolerance/fail over. Furthermore costs are an issue. I have three identical physical servers to get the job done. Each server node has an i7 quad core, 16GB RAM, and 2x3TB HD in a software RAID 1 configuration. Each node runs Ubuntu 12.04. right now. I have an additional IP address which can be routed to any of these nodes. The Magento shop has max. 1000 products, 50% of it are bundle products. I would estimate that max. 100 users are active at once. This leads me to the conclusion, that performance is not top priority here. My first setup idea One node (lb) runs nginx as a load balancer. The additional IP is used with domain name and routed to this node by default. Nginx distributes the load equally to the other two nodes (shop1, shop2). Shop1 and shop2 are configured equally: each server runs Apache2 and MySQL. The Mysqls are configured with master/slave replication. My failover strategy: Lb fails = Route IP to shop1 (MySQL master), continue. Shop1 fails = Lb will handle that automatically, promote MySQL slave on shop2 to master, reconfigure Magento to use shop2 for writes, continue. Shop2 fails = Lb will handle that automatically, continue. Is this a sane strategy? Has anyone done a similar setup with Magento? My second setup idea Another way to do it would be to use drbd for storing the MySQL data files on shop1 and shop2. I understand that in this scenario only one node/MySQL instance can be active and the other is used as hot standby. So in case shop1 fails, I would start up MySQL on shop2, route the IP to shop2, and continue. I like that as the MySQL setup is easier and the nodes can be configured 99% identical. So in this case the load balancer becomes useless and I have a spare server. My third setup idea The third way might be master-master replication of MySQL databases. However, in my optinion this might be tricky, as Magento isn't build for this scenario (e.g. conflicting ids for new rows). I would not do that until I have heard of a working example. Could you give me an advice which route to follow? There seems not one "good" way to do it. E.g. I read blog posts which describe a MySQL master/slave setup for Magento, but elsewhere I read, that data might get duplicated when the slave lags behind the master (e.g. when an order is placed, a customer might get created twice). I'm kind of lost here.

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• Cannot Start MySQL Server on Fresh MAMP Install

  - by alexpelan

  I'm using Mac OS X 10.6.2 on my Macbook Pro. I can get the apache server to start, but not the mysql server, on both the default apache and default MAMP ports. When I try to go to my start page, I get the message "Error: Could not connect to MySQL server!" . Here's what's in my mysql error log: 00513 02:00:07 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /Applications/MAMP/tmp/mysql/mysql.pid ended 100513 02:00:16 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /Applications/MAMP/db/mysql 100513 2:00:16 [Warning] The syntax '--log_slow_queries' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use '--slow_query_log'/'--slow_query_log_file' instead. 100513 2:00:16 [Warning] You have forced lower_case_table_names to 0 through a command-line option, even though your file system '/Applications/MAMP/db/mysql/' is case insensitive. This means that you can corrupt a MyISAM table by accessing it with different cases. You should consider changing lower_case_table_names to 1 or 2 100513 2:00:16 [Warning] One can only use the --user switch if running as root 100513 2:00:16 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. 100513 2:00:16 [Note] Plugin 'ndbcluster' is disabled. InnoDB: Error: log file /usr/local/mysql/data/ib_logfile0 is of different size 0 5242880 bytes InnoDB: than specified in the .cnf file 0 16777216 bytes! 100513 2:00:16 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error. 100513 2:00:16 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed. 100513 2:00:16 [ERROR] /Applications/MAMP/Library/libexec/mysqld: unknown option '--skip-bdb' 100513 2:00:16 [ERROR] Aborting 100513 2:00:16 [Note] /Applications/MAMP/Library/libexec/mysqld: Shutdown complete 100513 02:00:16 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /Applications/MAMP/tmp/mysql/mysql.pid ended A couple of things: 1) There are a bunch of different .cnf files that come with MAMP (my-huge, my-medium, etc.)...how can I tell which one is actually being used? 2) I deleted the ib_logfile0 and ib_logfile1 as recommended by another post on serverfault, and then ended up with more errors: 100519 16:01:30 InnoDB: Log file /usr/local/mysql/data/ib_logfile0 did not exist: new to be created InnoDB: Setting log file /usr/local/mysql/data/ib_logfile0 size to 16 MB InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait... 100519 16:01:30 InnoDB: Log file /usr/local/mysql/data/ib_logfile1 did not exist: new to be created InnoDB: Setting log file /usr/local/mysql/data/ib_logfile1 size to 16 MB InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait... InnoDB: The log sequence number in ibdata files does not match InnoDB: the log sequence number in the ib_logfiles! 100519 16:01:31 InnoDB: Database was not shut down normally! InnoDB: Starting crash recovery. InnoDB: Reading tablespace information from the .ibd files... InnoDB: Restoring possible half-written data pages from the doublewrite InnoDB: buffer... 100519 16:01:31 InnoDB: Started; log sequence number 0 44556 100519 16:01:31 [ERROR] /Applications/MAMP/Library/libexec/mysqld: unknown option '--skip-bdb' 100519 16:01:31 [ERROR] Aborting And then I got this the next time I tried to run it: InnoDB: Unable to lock /usr/local/mysql/data/ibdata1, error: 35 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process InnoDB: using the same InnoDB data or log files. Sorry that this is a lot of information, but I don't want to leave anything out. Thanks.

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• problem in run oracle server please help

  - by rima

  I used Oracle 11g, from few days ago I face below error: SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Apr 7 07:33:19 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved. Enter user-name: pentacms Enter password: ERROR: ORA-01033: ORACLE initialization or shutdown in progress Process ID: 0 Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0 Enter user-name: I try to solve the error, but it raised an other error, I try to open log file but I receive below error(last line) "ERROR at line 1: ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kcratr_nab_less_than_odr], [1], [46], [32689], [32690], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] " please advice me, It's an emergency case. FIXED_TABLE_SEQUENCE ROW_WAIT_OBJ# ROW_WAIT_FILE# ROW_WAIT_BLOCK# ROW_WAIT_ROW# -------------------- ------------- -------------- --------------- ------------- TOP_LEVEL_CALL# LOGON_TIM LAST_CALL_ET PDM FAILOVER_TYPE FAILOVER_M FAI --------------- --------- ------------ --- ------------- ---------- --- RESOURCE_CONSUMER_GROUP PDML_STA PDDL_STA PQ_STATU -------------------------------- -------- -------- -------- CURRENT_QUEUE_DURATION ---------------------- CLIENT_IDENTIFIER BLOCKING_SE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- BLOCKING_INSTANCE BLOCKING_SESSION FINAL_BLOCK FINAL_BLOCKING_INSTANCE ----------------- ---------------- ----------- ----------------------- FINAL_BLOCKING_SESSION SEQ# EVENT# ---------------------- ---------- ---------- EVENT ---------------------------------------------------------------- P1TEXT P1 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P1RAW ---------------- P2TEXT P2 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P2RAW ---------------- P3TEXT P3 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P3RAW WAIT_CLASS_ID WAIT_CLASS# ---------------- ------------- ----------- WAIT_CLASS WAIT_TIME ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- SECONDS_IN_WAIT STATE WAIT_TIME_MICRO TIME_REMAINING_MICRO --------------- ------------------- --------------- -------------------- TIME_SINCE_LAST_WAIT_MICRO -------------------------- SERVICE_NAME SQL_TRAC SQL_T ---------------------------------------------------------------- -------- ----- SQL_T SQL_TRACE_ SESSION_EDITION_ID CREATOR_ADDR CREATOR_SERIAL# ----- ---------- ------------------ ---------------- --------------- ECID ---------------------------------------------------------------- SYS$USERS DISABLED FALSE SADDR SID SERIAL# AUDSID PADDR USER# ---------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------- ---------- USERNAME COMMAND OWNERID TADDR ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------- LOCKWAIT STATUS SERVER SCHEMA# SCHEMANAME ---------------- -------- --------- ---------- ------------------------------ OSUSER PROCESS ------------------------------ ------------------------ MACHINE PORT ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- TERMINAL ---------------- PROGRAM TYPE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- SQL_ADDRESS SQL_HASH_VALUE SQL_ID SQL_CHILD_NUMBER SQL_EXEC_ ---------------- -------------- ------------- ---------------- --------- SQL_EXEC_ID PREV_SQL_ADDR PREV_HASH_VALUE PREV_SQL_ID PREV_CHILD_NUMBER ----------- ---------------- --------------- ------------- ----------------- PREV_EXEC PREV_EXEC_ID PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID --------- ------------ --------------------- ------------------------- PLSQL_OBJECT_ID PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID --------------- ------------------- MODULE MODULE_HASH ------------------------------------------------ ----------- ACTION ACTION_HASH -------------------------------- ----------- CLIENT_INFO ---------------------------------------------------------------- FIXED_TABLE_SEQUENCE ROW_WAIT_OBJ# ROW_WAIT_FILE# ROW_WAIT_BLOCK# ROW_WAIT_ROW# -------------------- ------------- -------------- --------------- ------------- TOP_LEVEL_CALL# LOGON_TIM LAST_CALL_ET PDM FAILOVER_TYPE FAILOVER_M FAI --------------- --------- ------------ --- ------------- ---------- --- RESOURCE_CONSUMER_GROUP PDML_STA PDDL_STA PQ_STATU -------------------------------- -------- -------- -------- CURRENT_QUEUE_DURATION ---------------------- CLIENT_IDENTIFIER BLOCKING_SE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- BLOCKING_INSTANCE BLOCKING_SESSION FINAL_BLOCK FINAL_BLOCKING_INSTANCE ----------------- ---------------- ----------- ----------------------- FINAL_BLOCKING_SESSION SEQ# EVENT# ---------------------- ---------- ---------- EVENT ---------------------------------------------------------------- P1TEXT P1 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P1RAW ---------------- P2TEXT P2 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P2RAW ---------------- P3TEXT P3 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P3RAW WAIT_CLASS_ID WAIT_CLASS# ---------------- ------------- ----------- WAIT_CLASS WAIT_TIME ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- SECONDS_IN_WAIT STATE WAIT_TIME_MICRO TIME_REMAINING_MICRO --------------- ------------------- --------------- -------------------- TIME_SINCE_LAST_WAIT_MICRO -------------------------- SERVICE_NAME SQL_TRAC SQL_T ---------------------------------------------------------------- -------- ----- SQL_T SQL_TRACE_ SESSION_EDITION_ID CREATOR_ADDR CREATOR_SERIAL# ----- ---------- ------------------ ---------------- --------------- ECID ---------------------------------------------------------------- FALSE FIRST EXEC 0 000007FF5D4D8D70 2 SADDR SID SERIAL# AUDSID PADDR USER# ---------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------- ---------- USERNAME COMMAND OWNERID TADDR ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------- LOCKWAIT STATUS SERVER SCHEMA# SCHEMANAME ---------------- -------- --------- ---------- ------------------------------ OSUSER PROCESS ------------------------------ ------------------------ MACHINE PORT ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- TERMINAL ---------------- PROGRAM TYPE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- SQL_ADDRESS SQL_HASH_VALUE SQL_ID SQL_CHILD_NUMBER SQL_EXEC_ ---------------- -------------- ------------- ---------------- --------- SQL_EXEC_ID PREV_SQL_ADDR PREV_HASH_VALUE PREV_SQL_ID PREV_CHILD_NUMBER ----------- ---------------- --------------- ------------- ----------------- PREV_EXEC PREV_EXEC_ID PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID --------- ------------ --------------------- ------------------------- PLSQL_OBJECT_ID PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID --------------- ------------------- MODULE MODULE_HASH ------------------------------------------------ ----------- ACTION ACTION_HASH -------------------------------- ----------- CLIENT_INFO ---------------------------------------------------------------- FIXED_TABLE_SEQUENCE ROW_WAIT_OBJ# ROW_WAIT_FILE# ROW_WAIT_BLOCK# ROW_WAIT_ROW# -------------------- ------------- -------------- --------------- ------------- TOP_LEVEL_CALL# LOGON_TIM LAST_CALL_ET PDM FAILOVER_TYPE FAILOVER_M FAI --------------- --------- ------------ --- ------------- ---------- --- RESOURCE_CONSUMER_GROUP PDML_STA PDDL_STA PQ_STATU -------------------------------- -------- -------- -------- CURRENT_QUEUE_DURATION ---------------------- CLIENT_IDENTIFIER BLOCKING_SE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- BLOCKING_INSTANCE BLOCKING_SESSION FINAL_BLOCK FINAL_BLOCKING_INSTANCE ----------------- ---------------- ----------- ----------------------- FINAL_BLOCKING_SESSION SEQ# EVENT# ---------------------- ---------- ---------- EVENT ---------------------------------------------------------------- P1TEXT P1 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P1RAW ---------------- P2TEXT P2 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P2RAW ---------------- P3TEXT P3 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P3RAW WAIT_CLASS_ID WAIT_CLASS# ---------------- ------------- ----------- WAIT_CLASS WAIT_TIME ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- SECONDS_IN_WAIT STATE WAIT_TIME_MICRO TIME_REMAINING_MICRO --------------- ------------------- --------------- -------------------- TIME_SINCE_LAST_WAIT_MICRO -------------------------- SERVICE_NAME SQL_TRAC SQL_T ---------------------------------------------------------------- -------- ----- SQL_T SQL_TRACE_ SESSION_EDITION_ID CREATOR_ADDR CREATOR_SERIAL# ----- ---------- ------------------ ---------------- --------------- ECID ---------------------------------------------------------------- SADDR SID SERIAL# AUDSID PADDR USER# ---------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------- ---------- USERNAME COMMAND OWNERID TADDR ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------- LOCKWAIT STATUS SERVER SCHEMA# SCHEMANAME ---------------- -------- --------- ---------- ------------------------------ OSUSER PROCESS ------------------------------ ------------------------ MACHINE PORT ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- TERMINAL ---------------- PROGRAM TYPE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- SQL_ADDRESS SQL_HASH_VALUE SQL_ID SQL_CHILD_NUMBER SQL_EXEC_ ---------------- -------------- ------------- ---------------- --------- SQL_EXEC_ID PREV_SQL_ADDR PREV_HASH_VALUE PREV_SQL_ID PREV_CHILD_NUMBER ----------- ---------------- --------------- ------------- ----------------- PREV_EXEC PREV_EXEC_ID PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID --------- ------------ --------------------- ------------------------- PLSQL_OBJECT_ID PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID --------------- ------------------- MODULE MODULE_HASH ------------------------------------------------ ----------- ACTION ACTION_HASH -------------------------------- ----------- CLIENT_INFO ---------------------------------------------------------------- FIXED_TABLE_SEQUENCE ROW_WAIT_OBJ# ROW_WAIT_FILE# ROW_WAIT_BLOCK# ROW_WAIT_ROW# -------------------- ------------- -------------- --------------- ------------- TOP_LEVEL_CALL# LOGON_TIM LAST_CALL_ET PDM FAILOVER_TYPE FAILOVER_M FAI --------------- --------- ------------ --- ------------- ---------- --- RESOURCE_CONSUMER_GROUP PDML_STA PDDL_STA PQ_STATU -------------------------------- -------- -------- -------- CURRENT_QUEUE_DURATION ---------------------- CLIENT_IDENTIFIER BLOCKING_SE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- BLOCKING_INSTANCE BLOCKING_SESSION FINAL_BLOCK FINAL_BLOCKING_INSTANCE ----------------- ---------------- ----------- ----------------------- FINAL_BLOCKING_SESSION SEQ# EVENT# ---------------------- ---------- ---------- EVENT ---------------------------------------------------------------- P1TEXT P1 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P1RAW ---------------- P2TEXT P2 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P2RAW ---------------- P3TEXT P3 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P3RAW WAIT_CLASS_ID WAIT_CLASS# ---------------- ------------- ----------- WAIT_CLASS WAIT_TIME ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- SECONDS_IN_WAIT STATE WAIT_TIME_MICRO TIME_REMAINING_MICRO --------------- ------------------- --------------- -------------------- TIME_SINCE_LAST_WAIT_MICRO -------------------------- SERVICE_NAME SQL_TRAC SQL_T ---------------------------------------------------------------- -------- ----- SQL_T SQL_TRACE_ SESSION_EDITION_ID CREATOR_ADDR CREATOR_SERIAL# ----- ---------- ------------------ ---------------- --------------- ECID ---------------------------------------------------------------- 16 rows selected. SQL> desc dba_user; ERROR: ORA-04043: object dba_user does not exist SQL> desc dba_users; ERROR: ORA-04043: object dba_users does not exist SQL> desc v$user; ERROR: ORA-04043: object v$user does not exist SQL> desc v$users ERROR: ORA-04043: object v$users does not exist SQL> seleect * from dba_users; SP2-0734: unknown command beginning "seleect * ..." - rest of line ignored. SQL> select * from dba_users; select * from dba_users * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01219: database not open: queries allowed on fixed tables/views only SQL> alter database open; alter database open * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kcratr_nab_less_than_odr], [1], [46], [32689], [32690], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] SQL> alter database mount; alter database mount * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01100: database already mounted SQL> alter database mount;

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• Performance issues when using SSD for a developer notebook (WAMP/LAMP stack)?

  - by András Szepesházi

  I'm a web application developer using my notebook as a standalone development environment (WAMP stack). I just switched from a Core2-duo Vista 32 bit notebook with 2Gb RAM and SATA HDD, to an i5-2520M Win7 64 bit with 4Gb RAM and 128 GB SDD (Corsair P3 128). My initial experience was what I expected, fast boot, quick load of all the applications (Eclipse takes now 5 seconds as opposed to 30s on my old notebook), overall great experience. Then I started to build up my development stack, both as LAMP (using VirtualBox with a debian guest) and WAMP (windows native apache + mysql + php). I wanted to compare those two. This still all worked great out, then I started to pull in my projects to these stacks. And here came the nasty surprise, one of those projects produced a lot worse response times than on my old notebook (that was true for both the VirtualBox and WAMP stack). Apache, php and mysql configurations were practically identical in all environments. I started to do a lot of benchmarking and profiling, and here is what I've found: All general benchmarks (Performance Test 7.0, HDTune Pro, wPrime2 and some more) gave a big advantage to the new notebook. Nothing surprising here. Disc specific tests showed that read/write operations peaked around 380M/160M for the SSD, and all the different sized block operations also performed very well. Started apache performance benchmarking with Apache Benchmark for a small static html file (10 concurrent threads, 500 iterations). Old notebook: min 47ms, median 111ms, max 156ms New WAMP stack: min 71ms, median 135ms, max 296ms New LAMP stack (in VirtualBox): min 6ms, median 46ms, max 175ms Right here I don't get why the native WAMP stack performed so bad, but at least the LAMP environment brought the expected speed. Apache performance measurement for non-cached php content. The php runs a loop of 1000 and generates sha1(uniqid()) inisde. Again, 10 concurrent threads, 500 iterations were used for the benchmark. Old notebook: min 0ms, median 39ms, max 218ms New WAMP stack: min 20ms, median 61ms, max 186ms New LAMP stack (in VirtualBox): min 124ms, median 704ms, max 2463ms What the hell? The new LAMP performed miserably, and even the new native WAMP was outperformed by the old notebook. php + mysql test. The test consists of connecting to a database and reading a single record form a table using INNER JOIN on 3 more (indexed) tables, repeated 100 times within a loop. Databases were identical. 10 concurrent threads, 100 iterations were used for the benchmark. Old notebook: min 1201ms, median 1734ms, max 3728ms New WAMP stack: min 367ms, median 675ms, max 1893ms New LAMP stack (in VirtualBox): min 1410ms, median 3659ms, max 5045ms And the same test with concurrency set to 1 (instead of 10): Old notebook: min 1201ms, median 1261ms, max 1357ms New WAMP stack: min 399ms, median 483ms, max 539ms New LAMP stack (in VirtualBox): min 285ms, median 348ms, max 444ms Strictly for my purposes, as I'm using a self contained development environment (= low concurrency) I could be satisfied with the second test's result. Though I have no idea why the VirtualBox environment performed so bad with higher concurrency. Finally I performed a test of including many php files. The application that I mentioned at the beginning, the one that was performing so bad, has a heavy bootstrap, loads hundreds of small library and configuration files while initializing. So this test does nothing else just includes about 100 files. Concurrency set to 1, 100 iterations: Old notebook: min 140ms, median 168ms, max 406ms New WAMP stack: min 434ms, median 488ms, max 604ms New LAMP stack (in VirtualBox): min 413ms, median 1040ms, max 1921ms Even if I consider that VirtualBox reached those files via shared folders, and that slows things down a bit, I still don't see how could the old notebook outperform so heavily both new configurations. And I think this is the real root of the slow performance, as the application uses even more includes, and the whole bootstrap will occur several times within a page request (for each ajax call, for example). To sum it up, here I am with a brand new high-performance notebook that loads the same page in 20 seconds, that my old notebook can do in 5-7 seconds. Needless to say, I'm not a very happy person right now. Why do you think I experience these poor performance values? What are my options to remedy this situation?

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• Call to daemon in a /etc/init.d script is blocking, not running in background

  - by tony

  I have a Perl script that I want to daemonize. Basically this perl script will read a directory every 30 seconds, read the files that it finds and then process the data. To keep it simple here consider the following Perl script (called synpipe_server, there is a symbolic link of this script in /usr/sbin/) : #!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use warnings; my $continue = 1; $SIG{'TERM'} = sub { $continue = 0; print "Caught TERM signal\n"; }; $SIG{'INT'} = sub { $continue = 0; print "Caught INT signal\n"; }; my $i = 0; while ($continue) { #do stuff print "Hello, I am running " . ++$i . "\n"; sleep 3; } So this script basically prints something every 3 seconds. Then, as I want to daemonize this script, I've also put this bash script (also called synpipe_server) in /etc/init.d/ : #!/bin/bash # synpipe_server : This starts and stops synpipe_server # # chkconfig: 12345 12 88 # description: Monitors all production pipelines # processname: synpipe_server # pidfile: /var/run/synpipe_server.pid # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions pname="synpipe_server" exe="/usr/sbin/synpipe_server" pidfile="/var/run/${pname}.pid" lockfile="/var/lock/subsys/${pname}" [ -x $exe ] || exit 0 RETVAL=0 start() { echo -n "Starting $pname : " daemon ${exe} RETVAL=$? PID=$! echo [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch ${lockfile} echo $PID > ${pidfile} } stop() { echo -n "Shutting down $pname : " killproc ${exe} RETVAL=$? echo if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then rm -f ${lockfile} rm -f ${pidfile} fi } restart() { echo -n "Restarting $pname : " stop sleep 2 start } case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; status) status ${pname} ;; restart) restart ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart}" ;; esac exit 0 So, (if I have well understood the doc for daemon) the Perl script should run in the background and the output should be redirected to /dev/null if I execute : service synpipe_server start But here is what I get instead : [root@master init.d]# service synpipe_server start Starting synpipe_server : Hello, I am running 1 Hello, I am running 2 Hello, I am running 3 Hello, I am running 4 Caught INT signal [ OK ] [root@master init.d]# So it starts the Perl script but runs it without detaching it from the current terminal session, and I can see the output printed in my console ... which is not really what I was expecting. Moreover, the PID file is empty (or with a line feed only, no pid returned by daemon). Does anyone have any idea of what I am doing wrong ? EDIT : maybe I should say that I am on a Red Hat machine. Scientific Linux SL release 5.4 (Boron) Would it do the job if instead of using the daemon function, I use something like : nohup ${exe} >/dev/null 2>&1 & in the init script ?

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• Centos 7. Freeradius fails to start on boot

  - by Alex

  I was messing around with FreeRADIUS and MySQL (MariaDB) and it seems FreeRADIUS service can't start properly on startup. But it starts fine using root user or in debug mode (radiusd -X) and works just fine! Debug mode shows no errors. systemctl command shows that radiusd.service has failed to start. /var/log/messages output: Aug 21 15:52:29 nexus-test systemd: Starting The Apache HTTP Server... Aug 21 15:52:29 nexus-test systemd: Starting MariaDB database server... Aug 21 15:52:29 nexus-test systemd: Starting FreeRADIUS high performance RADIUS server.... Aug 21 15:52:29 nexus-test systemd: Started OpenSSH server daemon. Aug 21 15:52:29 nexus-test mysqld_safe: 140821 15:52:29 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log'. Aug 21 15:52:29 nexus-test mysqld_safe: 140821 15:52:29 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql Aug 21 15:52:30 nexus-test systemd: Started Postfix Mail Transport Agent. Aug 21 15:52:30 nexus-test avahi-daemon[604]: Registering new address record for fe80::250:56ff:fe85:e4af on eth0.*. Aug 21 15:52:30 nexus-test systemd: radiusd.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1 Aug 21 15:52:30 nexus-test systemd: Failed to start FreeRADIUS high performance RADIUS server.. Aug 21 15:52:30 nexus-test systemd: Unit radiusd.service entered failed state. Aug 21 15:52:31 nexus-test kdumpctl: kexec: loaded kdump kernel Aug 21 15:52:31 nexus-test kdumpctl: Starting kdump: [OK] Aug 21 15:52:31 nexus-test systemd: Started Crash recovery kernel arming. Aug 21 15:52:31 nexus-test systemd: Started The Apache HTTP Server. Aug 21 15:52:31 nexus-test systemd: Started MariaDB database server. /var/log/radius/radius.log output: Thu Aug 21 15:24:16 2014 : Info: rlm_sql (sql): Driver rlm_sql_mysql (module rlm_sql_mysql) loaded and linked Thu Aug 21 15:24:16 2014 : Info: rlm_sql (sql): Attempting to connect to database "radius" Thu Aug 21 15:24:16 2014 : Info: rlm_sql (sql): Opening additional connection (0) Thu Aug 21 15:24:16 2014 : Error: rlm_sql_mysql: Couldn't connect socket to MySQL server radius@localhost:radius Thu Aug 21 15:24:16 2014 : Error: rlm_sql_mysql: Mysql error 'Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)' Thu Aug 21 15:24:16 2014 : Error: rlm_sql (sql): Opening connection failed (0) Thu Aug 21 15:24:16 2014 : Error: /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/sql[47]: Instantiation failed for module "sql" After seeing this I tried to replicate the problem, killed mariadb.service and started to run debug mode again. And it spits out the same problem as in the radius.log. I tried disabling iptables and firewalld and rebooting, but no luck: systemctl disable iptables systemctl disable firewalld So maybe the problem is in the process startup order or delay of some kind. Maybe FreeRADIUS's SQL module can't connect to not yet started MariaDB? If it, how can I fix this? In earlier versions of RHEL/CENTOS I know you easily see service start order in like rc.d or stuff, now IDK. I am new to this fancy "systemd", "systemctl", "firewalld" stuff Centos 7 introduced so sorry I'm a little bit confused. Also this new FreeRADIUS 3 structure... PS. MariaDB is enabled on startup, credentials in FR DB configuration are correct A little update: cat /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/radiusd.service output: [Unit] Description=FreeRADIUS high performance RADIUS server. After=syslog.target network.target [Service] Type=forking PIDFile=/var/run/radiusd/radiusd.pid ExecStartPre=-/bin/chown -R radiusd.radiusd /var/run/radiusd ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/radiusd -C ExecStart=/usr/sbin/radiusd -d /etc/raddb ExecReload=/usr/sbin/radiusd -C ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target

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• LDAP object class violation: attribute ou not allowed in suffix?

  - by Paramaeleon

  I am about to set up a LDAP directory. It is used as a tool to communicate user permissions from a web application to WebDav file system access, e.g. adding a user to the web platform shall allow login to the file system with the same credentials. There are no other usages intended. Following this German tutorial which encourages the use of the attributes c, o, ou etc. over dc, I configured the following suffix and root: suffix "ou=webtool,o=myOrg,c=de" rootdn "cn=ldapadmin,ou=webtool,o=myOrg,c=de" Server starts and I can connect to it by LDAP Admin, which reports “LDAP error: Object lacks”. Well, there aren’t any objects yet. I now want to create the root and admin elements from shell. I created an init.ldif file: dn: ou=webtool,o=myOrg,c=de objectclass: dcObject objectclass: organization dc: webtool o: webtool dn: cn=ldapadmin,ou=webtool,o=myOrg,c=de objectclass: organizationalRole cn: ldapadmin Trying to load the file runs into an error, telling me that ou is not allowed: server:~ # ldapadd -x -D "cn=ldapadmin,ou=webtool,o=myOrg,c=de" -W -f init.ldif Enter LDAP Password: adding new entry "ou=webtool,o=myOrg,c=de" ldap_add: Object class violation (65) additional info: attribute 'ou' not allowed I am not using ou anywhere except in the suffix, so the question: Isn’t it allowed here? What is allowed here? Here is my answer. I am not allowed to post it as answer for 8 hours, so don’t mind that it is part of the question by now. I will move it outside some day, if I don’t forget to do so. There are numberous dependencies for the creation of elements, and error messages are rather confusing if you don’t know of the concept. The objectclass isn’t necessarily dcObject for the databases’ root node, as it is likely to guess when you read several tutoriales. Instead, it must correspond to the object’s type: Here, for a name starting with ou=, it must be organizationalUnit. I found this piece of information in these tables [Link removed due to restriction: Oops! Your edit couldn't be submitted because: We're sorry, but as a spam prevention mechanism, new users can only post a maximum of two hyperlinks. Earn more than 10 reputation to post more hyperlinks. Link is below]. Further on, the object class dictates which properties must and can be added in the record. Here, organizationalUnit must have an ou: entry and must not have neither dc: nor o: entry. The healthy init.ldif file looks like that: dn: ou=webtool,o=myOrg,c=de objectclass: organizationalUnit ou: LDAP server for my webtool dn: cn=ldapadmin,ou=webtool,o=myOrg,c=de objectclass: organizationalRole cn: ldapadmin Note: The page also states: “While many objectClasses show no MUST attributes you must (ouch) follow any hierarchy […] to determine if this is the really case.” I thought that would mean my root record would have to provide the must fields for c= and o= (c: and o:, respectively) but this isn’t the case. Link in answer is (1): http :// www (dot) zytrax (dot) com/books/ldap/ape/ "Appendix E: LDAP - Object Classes and Attributes"

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• Looking for advice on Hyper-v storage replication

  - by Notre1

  I am designing a 2-host Hyper-V R2 cluster with 6-10 guests stored on a SMB iSCSI SAN device (probably Promise VessRAID). I will be getting at least two of the SAN devices and need to eliminate the storage a single point of failure. Ideally, that would involve real-time failover for the storage, like the Windows failover clustering does for the hosts. This design will be used at around six of our sites, and I would like to allow for us to eventually setup a cluster at colocation site and replicate each site's VMs there for DR. (Ideally a live multi-site cluster, but a manual import of the VMs would be fine for this sort of DR.) The tools that come with enterprise SANs, like EMC and NetApp, seem to be the most commonly used items for a Hyper-V cluster, but I can't afford their prices with my budget. Outside of them, the two tools that seem to be most common for Hyper-V storage replication are SteelEye (now SIOS) DataKeeper Cluster Edition and Double-Take Availability. Originally, I was planning on using Clustered Shared Volume(s) (CSV), but it seems like replication support for these is either not available or brand new in both these products. It looks like CSVs are supported in Double-Take 5.22, see this discussion, but I don't think I want to run something that new in production. Right now, it seems like the best option for me is not to implement CSVs, implement some sort of storage replication, and upgrade to CSVs at a later date once replicating them is more mature. I would love to have live migration, and CSVs are not required for live migration if you are using one LUN per VM, so I guess this is what I'll do. I would prefer to stick to the using the Microsoft Windows Server and Hyper-V tools and features as much as possible. From that standpoint, SteelEye looks more appealing than Double-Take because they make the DataKeeper volume(s) available to the Failover Clustering Manager and then failover clustering is all configured and managed through the native Microsoft tools. Double-Take says that "clustered Hyper-V hosts are not supported," and Double-Take Availability itself seems to be what is used for the actual clustering and failover. Does anyone know if any of these replication tools work with more than two hosts in the cluster? All the information I can find on the web only uses two hosts in their examples. Are there any better tools than SteelEye and Double-Take for doing what I am trying to do, which is eliminate the storage as as single point of failure? Neverfail, AppAssure, and DataCore all seem to offer similar functionality, but they don't seems to be as popular as SteelEye and Double-Take. I have seen a number of people suggest using Starwind iSCSI SAN software for the shared storage, which includes replication (and CSV replication at that). There are a couple of reasons I have not seriously considered this route: 1) The company I work for is exclusively a Dell shop and Dell does not have any servers with that I can pack with more than six 3.5" SATA drives. 2) In the future, it could be advantegous for us to not be locked into a particular brand or type of storage and third-party replication softwares all allow replication to heterogeneous storage devices. I am pretty new to iSCSI and clustering, so please let me know if it looks like I am planning something that goes against best practices or overlooking/missing something.

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• VMware vSphere cluster design for site redundancy

  - by Stefan Radovanovici

  I have a question about the best design for site redudancy when using vSphere clusters. A bit of background info about our situation first though. We are a medium-sized company with two main offices, located in different countries. Our networks are linked by a Layer2 150Mbps leased line which is currently underused. We have a variety of services running for internal use within the company, some on physycal servers and some on existing vSphere clusters. In our department we also run several services (almost all running under various forms of Linux) like NTP, Syslog, jump servers, monitoring servers and so on. We have now the requirement that those servers need to be redundant within each location (which they are not at the moment) and also site redudant (which they are to some extent, the servers are duplicated in the 2nd location with configurations kept in sync via various methods at the application layer). There is no SAN available for us, at least not something that we can use at the moment. Cost is also an issue. While we do have some budget available for this, we can't afford to buy SANs for both locations for example. I looked at the VSA feature and it seems that this could be something for us but I am unsure how to solve the site-redudancy requirement. At the moment for testing purposes I am setting up in a lab a vSphere 5 with VSA on two ESXi hosts. I am currently using the Essentials Plus kit with VSA license, which allows me to build a VSA cluster on up to 3 hosts, together with a vCenter license to manage them. The hosts each have two dual-port network cards and two 600GB drives, running in Raid1. Hardware-wise this will be enough for us to run the all the services we need as VMs and will provide redundandcy within the site. At the moment I see only two option to have site redundancy: build an identical VSA cluter in the second location and keep the various services sync'ed at application layer (database sync, rsync and so on). simply move one of the hosts from the existing cluster to the second location, basically having the VSA cluster span the 150Mbps link between the sites. I would very much prefer the second option but I am unsure how well it'll work, if it can work at all. Technically it should, we can span the needed VLANs across the leased line and have them available in the second location. The advantage would be that we don't need to worry at all about sync'ing databases and the like. But I have the feeling that the bandwidth will not be enough, I have no way of knowing how much traffic will the VSA cluster generate between the hosts. I realize that this will most likely depend on the individual usage of the VMs but still, I have no idea how VSA replicates data between the ESXi hosts. Are these my only options or can my goals be achieved in some other way ? Is there perhaps a way to have some sort of "cold stand by" cluster in the second location where the VMs would be sync'ed once per night from the main location ? The idea is that in case the first site becomes unavailable, we would be able to bring all those VMs online there. We would be ok with the data being 1 day old. Any answers are appreciated. Best regards, Stefan

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• VPS 512 MB RAM with WordPressMU comes to consumes lots of memory

  - by CAPitalZ

  I have googled for days and gathered all optimization suggestions and tried. My sites are not getting any high hits. May be like 100 hits per day [all my sites combined]. Here are my specs I have 512 MB RAM VPS with burstable 1024 MB. Centos 5 32-bit & cPanel/WHM Apache 2.2 MySQL 5.0 PHP 5.3.2 Here is my Configs I have 2 WordPressMU production sites, and 1 test site my.cnf # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients [client] #password = your_password port = 3306 socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # Here follows entries for some specific programs # The MySQL server [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock skip-locking skip-bdb skip-innodb key_buffer = 16M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_cache = 64 sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M #CAPitalZ thread_cache_size=8 thread_concurrency=4 #query_cache_type=1 #query_cache_limit=1M query_cache_size=16M concurrent_insert=2 low_priority_updates=1 max_connections=50 tmp_table_size=16M max_heap_table_size=16M join_buffer_size=1M interactive_timeout=25 wait_timeout=1000 #connect_timout=10 not able to restart mysql max_connect_errors=10 # Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement, # if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host. # All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes. # Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows # (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless! # skip-networking # Disable Federated by default skip-federated # Replication Master Server (default) # binary logging is required for replication log-bin=mysql-bin # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set # but will not function as a master if omitted server-id = 1 [mysqld_safe] open_files_limit=8192 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL #safe-updates [isamchk] key_buffer = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [myisamchk] key_buffer = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout httpd.conf I have unselected many modules and recompiled using EasyApache in WHM. Only have the following modules built Deflate Expires Fileprotect Imagemap MPM Prefork Version [default] EAccelerator for PHP Bcmath Calendar CurlSSL [I'm using Curl. But I don't have any https sites] Expat GD [for image cropping] Gettext Imap Mbregex [default] Mbstring [need both Mbregex and Mbstring for utf-8] Mysql of the system MySQL "Improved" extension. Sockets TTF (FreeType) [I'm using custom font] Zlib Under Global Configuration I only have FollowSymLinks enabled I Have TraceEnable, ServerSignature, FileETag OFF ServerTokens ProductOnly DirectoryIndex Priority has index.php as the first one I have removed Clamd [Clam Anti-virus] SpamAssasin is Off Under Tweak Settings Default catch-all/default address behavior for new accounts. This is set to "fail" All stats programs turned off I have eAccelerator installed and checked in phpinfo and its working [Pre VirtualHost Include under WHM] Timeout 20 KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 200 KeepAliveTimeout 3 MinSpareServers 1 MaxSpareServers 3 StartServers 1 ServerLimit 50 MaxClients 50 MaxRequestsPerChild 4000 ExtendedStatus Off #ServerType standalone this throws error HostnameLookups Off <Directory "/"> AllowOverride None </Directory> My sites will take ages to load and WHM/CPanel will not even load. adadaa.com/ http://adadaa.net/ kadais.ca/ My average memory consumption is like 1000 MB! [yes always bursting] The process that consumes most CPU and also most memory is mysql But I also get like 15 httpd processes [when its bursting] I already got warning from cpuwatchcheck saying "While processing, the cpu has been maxed out for more than a 6 hour period. The current load/uptime line on the server at the time of this email is 07:00:37 up 11:30, 0 users, load average: 14.64, 16.79, 20.07" I don't know, I have tried switching these config values many different times, but nothing seems to work. Please show some light... Thanks

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• IPv6: Should I have private addresses?

  - by AlReece45

  Right now, we have a rack of servers. Every server right now has at least 2 IP addresses, one for the public interface, another for the private. The servers that have SSL websites on them have more IP addresses. We also have virtual servers, that are configured similarly. Private Network The private range is currently just used for backups and monitoring. Its a gigabit port, the interface usage does not usually get very high. There are other technologies we're considering using that would use this port: iSCSI (implementations usually recommends dedicating an interface to it, which would be yet another IP network), VPN to get access to the private range (something I'd rather avoid) dedicated database servers LDAP centralized configuration (like puppet) centralized logging We don't have any private addresses in our DNS records (only public addresses). For our servers to utilize the correct IP address for the right interface (and not hard code the IP address) probably requires setting up a private DNS server (So now we add 2 different dns entries to 2 different systems). Public Network Our public range has a variety of services include web, email, and ftp. There is a hardware firewall between our network and the "public" network. We have (relatively secure) method to instruct the firewall to open and close administrative access (web interfaces, ssh, etc) for our current IP address. With either solution discussed, the host-based firewalls will be configured as well. The public network currently runs at a dedicated 20Mbps link. There are a couple of legacy servers with fast-ethernet ports, but they are scheduled for decommissioning. All of the other production boxes have at least 2 Gigabit Ethernet ports. The more traffic-heavy servers have 4-6 available (none is using more than the 2 Gigabit ports right now). IPv6 I want to get an IPv6 prefix from our ISP. So at least every "server" has at least one IPv6 interface. We'll still need to keep the IPv4 addressees up and available for legacy clients (web servers and email at the very least). We have two IP networks right now. Adding the public IPv6 address would make it three. Just use IPv6? I'm thinking about just dumping the private IPv4 range and using the IPv6 range as the primary means of all communications. If an interface starts reaching its capacity, utilize the newly free interfaces to create a trunk. It has the advantage that if either the public or private traffic needs to exceed 1Gbps. The traffic for each interface is already analyzed on a regular basis to predict future bandwidth use. In the rare instances where bandwidth unexpected peaks: utilize QoS to ensure traffic (like our limited SSH access) is prioritized correctly so the problem can be corrected (if possible, our WAN is the bottleneck right now). It also has the advantage of not needing to make an entry for every private address. We may have private DNS (or just LDAP), but it'll be much more limited in scope with less entries to duplicate. Summary I'm trying to make this network as "simple" as possible. At the same time, I want to make sure its reliable, upgradeable, scalable, and (eventually) redundant. Having one IPv6 network, and a legacy IPv4 network seems to be the best solution to me. Regarding using assigned IPv6 addresses for both networks, sharing the available bandwidth on one (more trunked if needed): Are there any technical disadvantages (limitations, buffers, scalability)? Are there any other security considerations (asides from firewalls mentioned above) to consider? Are there regulations or other security requirements (like PCI-DSS) that this doesn't meet? Is there typical software for setting up a Linux network that doesn't have IPv6 support yet? (logging, ldap, puppet) Some other thing I didn't consider?

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• Looking for advice on Hyper-v storage replication

  - by Notre1

  I am designing a 2-host Hyper-V R2 cluster with 6-10 guests stored on a SMB iSCSI SAN device (probably Promise VessRAID). I will be getting at least two of the SAN devices and need to eliminate the storage a single point of failure. Ideally, that would involve real-time failover for the storage, like the Windows failover clustering does for the hosts. This design will be used at around six of our sites, and I would like to allow for us to eventually setup a cluster at colocation site and replicate each site's VMs there for DR. (Ideally a live multi-site cluster, but a manual import of the VMs would be fine for this sort of DR.) The tools that come with enterprise SANs, like EMC and NetApp, seem to be the most commonly used items for a Hyper-V cluster, but I can't afford their prices with my budget. Outside of them, the two tools that seem to be most common for Hyper-V storage replication are SteelEye (now SIOS) DataKeeper Cluster Edition and Double-Take Availability. Originally, I was planning on using Clustered Shared Volume(s) (CSV), but it seems like replication support for these is either not available or brand new in both these products. It looks like CSVs are supported in Double-Take 5.22, see this discussion, but I don't think I want to run something that new in production. Right now, it seems like the best option for me is not to implement CSVs, implement some sort of storage replication, and upgrade to CSVs at a later date once replicating them is more mature. I would love to have live migration, and CSVs are not required for live migration if you are using one LUN per VM, so I guess this is what I'll do. I would prefer to stick to the using the Microsoft Windows Server and Hyper-V tools and features as much as possible. From that standpoint, SteelEye looks more appealing than Double-Take because they make the DataKeeper volume(s) available to the Failover Clustering Manager and then failover clustering is all configured and managed through the native Microsoft tools. Double-Take says that "clustered Hyper-V hosts are not supported," and Double-Take Availability itself seems to be what is used for the actual clustering and failover. Does anyone know if any of these replication tools work with more than two hosts in the cluster? All the information I can find on the web only uses two hosts in their examples. Are there any better tools than SteelEye and Double-Take for doing what I am trying to do, which is eliminate the storage as as single point of failure? Neverfail, AppAssure, and DataCore all seem to offer similar functionality, but they don't seems to be as popular as SteelEye and Double-Take. I have seen a number of people suggest using Starwind iSCSI SAN software for the shared storage, which includes replication (and CSV replication at that). There are a couple of reasons I have not seriously considered this route: 1) The company I work for is exclusively a Dell shop and Dell does not have any servers with that I can pack with more than six 3.5" SATA drives. 2) In the future, it could be advantegous for us to not be locked into a particular brand or type of storage and third-party replication softwares all allow replication to heterogeneous storage devices. I am pretty new to iSCSI and clustering, so please let me know if it looks like I am planning something that goes against best practices or overlooking/missing something.

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• Network update solutions for a company of ~20 (5 local, 15 remote)?

  - by Margaret

  Hi all This is probably going to be a bit up in the air, because we're still in the "reaching towards solutions" phase, but I figured I'd see what you guys had to say. Plus I honestly know very little about systems and what is good and bad pratice. My organisation has always more or less worked on the concept of local machines; since it primarily employed contractors who were working from home, each of those people was largely responsible for their own machine and backup procedures and the like. We're now expanding, though we're still reasonably small (we're up to about 20 staff members). Most people still work remotely, but we have a central office where about five people are working. But we're getting large enough that we're starting to think it would be a good idea to have a central file server, and things like that - if someone gets hit by a bus, we want someone else to know where to look for the files to continue their work. A lot of the people who work for us remotely work on projects for other companies as well, so I don't want to force them to log in to our server whenever they're on a network. But I do want to make connection to be as painless as possible to do so, to improve utilisation. The other thing is that we're getting more people who would like to remote into the office server and do their work there. Our current remote connection application is an SSH install that allows people access to the network; the problem is, it's a black box to me, and I've never understood how to even connect to it (despite supposedly being de facto sysadmin). Thus far I've been able to bounce questions about how to get it working to the guy who does know it well, but he's leaving the company soon. So we probably need a solution for this that I actually understand. We were knocking around the idea of implementing a VPN with some form of remote desktop, and someone mentioned that this was largely a matter of purchasing a router capable of it; I'm not sure of the truth of that statement. This is what we have in the office: Two shiny new i7 servers, each running Windows Server 2008. Precise eventual layout is still being debated, a little, but the current suggestion is that one is primary database crunching, while the other is a warm backup of the databases, along with running Reporting Services. They currently have SQL Server 2008 installed on them, which is being connected to via the 'sa' account. We're hoping to make each person use their own account (preferably one tied to the 'central' password we set up, so we can use Windows Authentication). An older server, running XP Pro, that we are currently using as a test bed for a project that requires access to older versions of software. This machine is also being used to take backups, but I'm thinking of moving that functionality elsewhere. A spare desktop from a guy who left the company (XP Pro). We're thinking of bumping up the hard disk space and using it as the magical file server that's going to solve one particular everything. Assorted desktops, laptops, etc, at least one for each person in the office (mix of Win XP and Win 7; occasionally a person who normally works remotely might drop in to the office and bring a laptop bearing Vista, but it's pretty rare). All are set up as local user accounts at the moment; I don't know if it's the best arrangement. Purchasing more hardware is not a big problem, but we figure we might as well make use of what we've got first. Is Active Directory a big magic wand that's going to solve all the world's problems? Is there some other arrangement we should be looking to instead?

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• Distributed and/or Parallel SSIS processing

  - by Jeff

  Background: Our company hosts SaaS DSS applications, where clients provide us data Daily and/or Weekly, which we process & merge into their existing database. During business hours, load in the servers are pretty minimal as it's mostly users running simple pre-defined queries via the website, or running drill-through reports that mostly hit the SSAS OLAP cube. I manage the IT Operations Team, and so far this has presented an interesting "scaling" issue for us. For our daily-refreshed clients, the server is only "busy" for about 4-6 hrs at night. For our weekly-refresh clients, the server is only "busy" for maybe 8-10 hrs per week! We've done our best to use some simple methods of distributing the load by spreading the daily clients evenly among the servers such that we're not trying to process daily clients back-to-back over night. But long-term this scaling strategy creates two notable issues. First, it's going to consume a pretty immense amount of hardware that sits idle for large periods of time. Second, it takes significant Production Support over-head to basically "schedule" the ETL such that they don't over-lap, and move clients/schedules around if they out-grow the resources on a particular server or allocated time-slot. As the title would imply, one option we've tried is running multiple SSIS packages in parallel, but in most cases this has yielded VERY inconsistent results. The most common failures are DTExec, SQL, and SSAS fighting for physical memory and throwing out-of-memory errors, and ETLs running 3,4,5x longer than expected. So from my practical experience thus far, it seems like running multiple ETL packages on the same hardware isn't a good idea, but I can't be the first person that doesn't want to scale multiple ETLs around manual scheduling, and sequential processing. One option we've considered is virtualizing the servers, which obviously doesn't give you any additional resources, but moves the resource contention onto the hypervisor, which (from my experience) seems to manage simultaneous CPU/RAM/Disk I/O a little more gracefully than letting DTExec, SQL, and SSAS battle it out within Windows. Question to the forum: So my question to the forum is, are we missing something obvious here? Are there tools out there that can help manage running multiple SSIS packages on the same hardware? Would it be more "efficient" in terms of parallel execution if instead of running DTExec, SQL, and SSAS same machine (with every machine running that configuration), we run in pairs of three machines with SSIS running on one machine, SQL on another, and SSAS on a third? Obviously that would only make sense if we could process more than the three ETL we were able to process on the machine independently. Another option we've considered is completely re-architecting our SSIS package to have one "master" package for all clients that attempts to intelligently chose a server based off how "busy" it already is in terms of CPU/Memory/Disk utilization, but that would be a herculean effort, and seems like we're trying to reinvent something that you would think someone would sell (although I haven't had any luck finding it). So in summary, are we missing an obvious solution for this, and does anyone know if any tools (for free or for purchase, doesn't matter) that facilitate running multiple SSIS ETL packages in parallel and on multiple servers? (What I would call a "queue & node based" system, but that's not an official term). Ultimately VMWare's Distributed Resource Scheduler addresses this as you simply run a consistent number of clients per VM that you know will never conflict scheduleing-wise, then leave it up to VMWare to move the VMs around to balance out hardware usage. I'm definitely not against using VMWare to do this, but since we're a 100% Microsoft app stack, it seems like -someone- out there would have solved this problem at the application layer instead of the hypervisor layer by checking on resource utilization at the OS, SQL, SSAS levels. I'm open to ANY discussion on this, and remember no suggestion is too crazy or radical! :-) Right now, VMWare is the only option we've found to get away from "manually" balancing our resources, so any suggestions that leave us on a pure Microsoft stack would be great. Thanks guys, Jeff

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• Backup, Migrate or Clone Failing CentOS 4 (LVM)

  - by Hegelworm

  I've been running a BlueQuartz CentOS 4 system (Nuonce.net distro) for a few years now and although the hard drive (Deskstar) has always been a bit noisy, on a few recent occasions I've heard it having trouble spinning up. Basically, I want to clone this drive to a similar sized one (80 Gig). I've spent many hours reading upon dd, dd_rescue, rsync, clonezilla and LVM mirroring yet the sheer number of options and nightmarish accounts has left me frozen - unable to make an informed decision as to how to start. I've made a few attempts. dd failed after about 2 hours, as, although the drives appeared to be identical on the surface (ATA Seagate Barracudas, Thai not Chinese), the destination drive is slightly smaller. My most recent attempt involved using a Debian CD to format the new drive and then rsync-ing everything over and editing the new drive's grub and fstab to reflect the changes. No joy here either as I hadn't chosen LVM when partitioning the destination drive and it wouldn't boot. As you can probably tell, I'm out of my depth here and a panic-invoking mixture of caution and frustration has prompted me to sign up here. The server itself, although not strictly a production environment, has a very specific installation of Festival, LAME and ffMpeg and provides the back-end for a Text-to-Speech jQuery plugin that I've built over the last 2 years. I'm also planning to rebuild the whole TTS system on Debian as the existing CentOS system still has PHP4 etc. For now though, I'd really like to just shift everything over to a new drive. As this is my first post, please feel free to lay any house rules on me that I might've overlooked; I've been hovering around StackOverflow for a while now but have only just signed up. Many thanks. Update: Thanks for your responses so far - it's much appreciated and makes me feel a little more confident when I can double-check things here. I had the idea of doing a fresh install of CentOS (from the original disk) on the new drive so the partitions and LVM were all set up correctly (after disconnecting my source drive to prevent painful mistakes). I then booted into rescue mode from the same CD, and, to avoid a conflicting label, changed the /boot partition's label using e2label to /bootnew. I then changed the VolGroup name using lvm vgrename from VolGroup00 to VolGroup001. I could then boot with both drives in. After mounting the new drive (via its VolGroup001 alias) into /newhd, I rsync-ed over everything I could to the new drive, using -avr switches and backslashes. Like mentioned here. I then disconnected my original source drive again, booted from the liveCD again, changed back the boot partition label from /bootnew to /boot using e2label and then renamed the VolGroup back to VolGroup00. I then rebooted and it went through the familiar start-up routine only to not find a host of files in proc, usr, lib, var etc. The boot did complete but there were lots of red 'FAILS'. I could log in with my existing creds, but the network was kaput, I couldn't startX (desktop GUI) and there were also a few (a lot) of error messages pertaining to iptables. Back to square one. I naively thought I'd nailed it. Shall I just buy a bigger hard drive and attempt the dd route? I've read that this can mess with LVM setups and there's the added risk of working on two unmounted drives at once with a low-level tool. Thanks again.

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• How to export SQL Server data from corrupted database (with disk write error)

  - by damitamit

  IT realised there was a disk write error on our production SQL Server 2005 and hence was causing the backups to fail. By the time they had realised this the nightly backup was old, so were not able to just restore the backup on another server. The database is still running and being used constantly. However DBCC CheckDB fails. Also the SQL Server backup task fails, Copy Database fails, Export Data Wizard fails. However it seems all the data can be read from the tables (i.e using bcp etc) Another observation I have made is that the Transaction Log is nearly double the size of the Database. (Does that mean all the changes arent being written to the MDF?) What would be the best plan of attack to get the database to a state where backups are working and the data is safe? Take the database offline and use the MDF/LDF to somehow create the database on another sql server? Export the data from the database using bcp. Create the database (use the Generate Scripts function on the corrupt db to create the schema on the new db) on another sql server and use bcp again to import the data. Some other option that is the right course of action in this situation? The IT manager says the data is safe as if the server fails, the data can be restored from the mdf/ldf. I'm not sure so insisted that we start exporting the data each night as a failsafe (using bcp for example). IT are also having issues on the hardware side of things as supposedly the disk error in on a virtualized disk and can't be rebuilt like a normal raid array (or something like that). Please excuse my use of incorrect terminology and incorrect assumptions on how Sql Server operates. I'm the application developer and have been called to help (as it seems IT know less about SQL Server than I do). Many Thanks, Amit Results of DBBC CheckDB: Msg 1823, Level 16, State 2, Line 1 A database snapshot cannot be created because it failed to start. Msg 7928, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 The database snapshot for online checks could not be created. Either the reason is given in a previous error or one of the underlying volumes does not support sparse files or alternate streams. Attempting to get exclusive access to run checks offline. Msg 5030, Level 16, State 12, Line 1 The database could not be exclusively locked to perform the operation. Msg 7926, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 Check statement aborted. The database could not be checked as a database snapshot could not be created and the database or table could not be locked. See Books Online for details of when this behavior is expected and what workarounds exist. Also see previous errors for more details. Msg 823, Level 24, State 3, Line 1 The operating system returned error 1(error not found) to SQL Server during a write at offset 0x00000674706000 in file 'G:\AX40_Dynamics_Live.mdf'. Additional messages in the SQL Server error log and system event log may provide more detail. This is a severe system-level error condition that threatens database integrity and must be corrected immediately. Complete a full database consistency check (DBCC CHECKDB). This error can be caused by many factors; for more information, see SQL Server Books Online.

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• How does the Cloud compare to Colocation? And development too

  - by David

  Currently I/we run a SaaS web application where each subscriber has their own physical instance of the application in addition to their own database. The setup has each web application instance deployed on two different IIS boxes both for load-balancing and redundancy (the machines have their Windows Update install times 12 hours apart, for example). Databases are mirrored on two different SQL Server 2012 machines with AlwaysOn for uptime. I don't make use of SQL Server clustering (as it doesn't provide storage-level failover: we don't have a shared storage box). Because it's a Windows setup it means there are two Domain Controllers (we cheat: they're both Mac Minis, 17W each, which keeps our colo power costs low). Finally there's also an Exchange server (Mailbox, Hub Transport and Client Access). One of the SQL Servers also doubles-up as an Exchange Hub Transport. Running costs are about $700 a month for our quarter-rack colocation (which includes power and peering/transfer), then there's about $150 a month for SPLA licensing, so $850 a month in total. Then there's the hard-to-quantify cost of administration, but I reckon I spend a couple of hours a week checking-in on the servers: reviewing event logs, etc. I keep getting bombarded by ads and manufactured news stories about how great "the cloud" is. Back in 2008 when the cloud was taking off I was reading up about the proper "cloud" services like Google AppEngine, where you write in Python against Google's API and that's how they scale your application across servers and also use their database provider for scaling storage. Simple enough to understand. Then came along Amazon, and I understand how Amazon Storage works, but I'm not sure how Amazon Compute works: web application pages don't take much CPU time to compute, how do you even quantify usage anyway? Finally, RackSpace gets in the act and now I'm really confused. RackSpace advertise "Cloud" SQL Server 2012 available for about "$0.70 per hour", going by how they advertise it I thought the "hour" meant the sum of CPU time, IO blocking time, maybe time spent transferring data, so for a low-intensity application that works out pretty cheap then? Nope. I went on to a Sales Chat window and spoke to one of their advisors. They told me the $0.70/hour was actually for every hour the SQL Server is running... but who wants a SQL Server for only a few hours? You're going to need it available 24 hours a day for months on end. $0.70 * 24 * 31 works out at $520 a month, which is rediculously expensive for SQL Server. An SPLA license for SQL Server is only $50 a month or so. That $520 a month does not include "fanatical support", and you also need to stack on top the costs of the host Windows server instance too. From what I can tell, Rackspace's "Cloud" products seem like like an cynical rebranding of an overpriced VPS service, but priced by the hour. I have the same confusion about Windows Azure which uses similar terms to describe the products available, but I think that's because Azure offers both traditional shared webhosting in addition to their own APIs you can target for scalable applications.

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• SharePoint 2010: CheckSuspiciousPhysicalPath exception

  - by Tommy Jakobsen

  I just installed SharePoint 2010 on my Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 server with SQL Server 2008. Everything is installed on this single server, and I configured SharePoint 2010 as described here: http://sharepoint.microsoft.com/blogs/fromthefield/Lists/Posts/Post.aspx?ID=112 Everything installed correct, and the SQL databases were created. But when I try to access the administration site through http://server:47632/_admin/adminconfigintro.aspx, I get the following exception: [HttpException] at System.Web.Util.FileUtil.CheckSuspiciousPhysicalPath(String physicalPath) at System.Web.CachedPathData.GetConfigPathData(String configPath) at System.Web.CachedPathData.GetConfigPathData(String configPath) at System.Web.CachedPathData.GetConfigPathData(String configPath) at System.Web.HttpContext.GetFilePathData() at System.Web.Configuration.CustomErrorsSection.GetSettings(HttpContext context, Boolean canThrow) at System.Web.HttpResponse.ReportRuntimeError(Exception e, Boolean canThrow, Boolean localExecute) at System.Web.HttpRuntime.FinishRequest(HttpWorkerRequest wr, HttpContext context, Exception e) The same error occurs when accessing http://server:47632/. Do you have any ideas whats causing this? I haven't been able to find anything about this issue. Edit 1: I just tried reinstalling SharePoint 2010 while monitoring the error log. When I run the configuration wizard, the following errors show up in the event log: The site /sites/Help could not be created. The following exception occurred: Dependency feature with id 5f3b0127-2f1d-4cfd-8dd2-85ad1fb00bfc for feature 'BaseSite' (id: b21b090c-c796-4b0f-ac0f-7ef1659c20ae) is not installed.. Safe mode did not start successfully. This page has encountered a critical error. Contact your system administrator if this problem persists. Safe mode did not start successfully. This page has encountered a critical error. Contact your system administrator if this problem persists. The site /sites/Help could not be created. The following exception occurred: Dependency feature with id 2ed1c45e-a73b-4779-ae81-1524e4de467a for feature 'BaseSite' (id: b21b090c-c796-4b0f-ac0f-7ef1659c20ae) is not installed.. The Execute method of job definition Microsoft.Office.InfoPath.Server.Administration.FormsMaintenanceJobDefinition (ID 59158daa-d0b6-458f-bd0a-7d1d713ac743) threw an exception. More information is included below. Access to the path 'C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\SharePoint\Config\319280433bd74178b6b1fd945c064698' is denied. The Execute method of job definition Microsoft.Office.InfoPath.Server.Administration.FormsMaintenanceJobDefinition (ID b3f45215-4d18-44f2-84bd-cc16bc339dd7) threw an exception. More information is included below. Access to the path 'C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\SharePoint\Config\319280433bd74178b6b1fd945c064698' is denied. Any ideas?

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• Where is meta.local_fields set in django.db.models.base.py ?

  - by BryanWheelock

  I'm getting the error: Exception Value: (1110, "Column 'about' specified twice") As I was reviewing the Django error page, I noticed that the customizations the model User, seem to be appended to the List twice. This seems to be happening here in django/db/model/base.py in base_save(): values = [(f, f.get_db_prep_save(raw and getattr(self, f.attname) or f.pre_save(self, True))) for f in meta.local_fields] this is what Django error page shows values to be: values = [(<django.db.models.fields.CharField object at 0xa78996c>, u'kallie'), (<django.db.models.fields.CharField object at 0xa7899cc>, ''), (<django.db.models.fields.CharField object at 0xa789a2c>, ''), (<django.db.models.fields.EmailField object at 0xa789a8c>, u'[email protected]'), (<django.db.models.fields.CharField object at 0xa789b2c>, 'sha1$d4a80$0e5xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxddadfb07'), (<django.db.models.fields.BooleanField object at 0xa789bcc>, False), (<django.db.models.fields.BooleanField object at 0xa789c6c>, True), (<django.db.models.fields.BooleanField object at 0xa789d2c>, False), (<django.db.models.fields.DateTimeField object at 0xa789dcc>, u'2010-02-03 14:54:35'), (<django.db.models.fields.DateTimeField object at 0xa789e2c>, u'2010-02-03 14:54:35'), # this is where the values from the User model customizations show up (<django.db.models.fields.BooleanField object at 0xa8c69ac>, False), (<django.db.models.fields.CharField object at 0xa8c688c>, None), (<django.db.models.fields.PositiveIntegerField object at 0xa8c69cc>, 1), (<django.db.models.fields.CharField object at 0xa8c69ec>, 'b5ab1603b2308xxxxxxxxxxx75bca1'), (<django.db.models.fields.SmallIntegerField object at 0xa8c6dac>, 0), (<django.db.models.fields.SmallIntegerField object at 0xa8c6e4c>, 0), (<django.db.models.fields.SmallIntegerField object at 0xa8c6e8c>, 0), (<django.db.models.fields.SmallIntegerField object at 0xa8c6ecc>, 10), (<django.db.models.fields.DateTimeField object at 0xa8c6eec>, u'2010-02-03 14:54:35'), (<django.db.models.fields.CharField object at 0xa8c6f2c>, ''), (<django.db.models.fields.URLField object at 0xa8c6f6c>, ''), (<django.db.models.fields.CharField object at 0xa8c6fac>, ''), (<django.db.models.fields.DateField object at 0xa8c6fec>, None), (<django.db.models.fields.TextField object at 0xa8cb04c>, ''), # at this point User model customizations repeats itself (<django.db.models.fields.BooleanField object at 0xa663b0c>, False), (<django.db.models.fields.CharField object at 0xaa1e94c>, None), (<django.db.models.fields.PositiveIntegerField object at 0xaa1e34c>, 1), (<django.db.models.fields.CharField object at 0xaa1e40c>, 'b5ab1603b2308050ebd62f49ca75bca1'), (<django.db.models.fields.SmallIntegerField object at 0xa8c6d8c>, 0), (<django.db.models.fields.SmallIntegerField object at 0xaa2378c>, 0), (<django.db.models.fields.SmallIntegerField object at 0xaa237ac>, 0), (<django.db.models.fields.SmallIntegerField object at 0xaa237ec>, 10), (<django.db.models.fields.DateTimeField object at 0xaa2380c>, u'2010-02-03 14:54:35'), (<django.db.models.fields.CharField object at 0xaa2384c>, ''), (<django.db.models.fields.URLField object at 0xaa2388c>, ''), (<django.db.models.fields.CharField object at 0xaa238cc>, ''), (<django.db.models.fields.DateField object at 0xaa2390c>, None), (<django.db.models.fields.TextField object at 0xaa2394c>, '')] Since this app is in Production, I can't figure out how to use pdb.set_trace() to see what's going on inside of save_base. The customizations to User are: User.add_to_class('email_isvalid', models.BooleanField(default=False)) User.add_to_class('email_key', models.CharField(max_length=16, null=True)) User.add_to_class('reputation', models.PositiveIntegerField(default=1)) User.add_to_class('gravatar', models.CharField(max_length=32)) User.add_to_class('email_feeds', generic.GenericRelation(EmailFeed)) User.add_to_class('favorite_questions', models.ManyToManyField(Question, through=FavoriteQuestion, related_name='favorited_by')) User.add_to_class('badges', models.ManyToManyField(Badge, through=Award, related_name='awarded_to')) User.add_to_class('gold', models.SmallIntegerField(default=0)) User.add_to_class('silver', models.SmallIntegerField(default=0)) User.add_to_class('bronze', models.SmallIntegerField(default=0)) User.add_to_class('questions_per_page', models.SmallIntegerField(choices=QUESTIONS_PER_PAGE_CHOICES, default=10)) User.add_to_class('last_seen', models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.datetime.now)) User.add_to_class('real_name', models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True)) User.add_to_class('website', models.URLField(max_length=200, blank=True)) User.add_to_class('location', models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True)) User.add_to_class('date_of_birth', models.DateField(null=True, blank=True)) User.add_to_class('about', models.TextField(blank=True)) Django1.1.1 Python 2.5

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• WCF configuration for WebHttpBinding(Restful) for supporting both HTTP and HTTPS

  - by KSS

  We are using AJAX Cascading dropdown and AutoComplete functionality with Restful WebService Services providing data. With one endpoint(non-secured) eveything was working fine, until we tried same web page with https. Our Webappplication needs to support both. Our of very few articiles/blogs on this issue I found 2 which applies to my requirements. 1. http://blog.abstractlabs.net/2009/02/ajax-wcf-services-and-httphttps.html 2. _http://www.mydotnetworld.com/post/2008/10/18/Use-a-WCF-Service-with-HTTP-and-HTTPS-in-C.aspx I followed same pattern, added 2 endpoints, assuming WCF will pickup appropriate endpoint looking at HTTP or HTTPS protocol. Worked like a charm in my dev machine(XP-IIS5) and 1 Server 2003R2(IIS6), however did work in Production server 2003-IIS6. Website in IIS is exact same(including permission etc). The error it throws - Error 500(Could not find a base address that matches scheme https for the endpoint with binding WebHttpBinding. Registered base address schemes are [http]..) Here's the sample configuration(ignore typos) <system.serviceModel> <bindings> <webHttpBinding> <binding name="SecureBinding"> <security mode="Transport"/> </binding> </webHttpBinding> </bindings> <behaviors> <endpointBehaviors> <behavior name="SearchServiceAspNetAjaxBehavior"> <enableWebScript /> </behavior> </endpointBehaviors> </behaviors> <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" /> <services> <service name="SearchService"> <endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="SearchServiceAspNetAjaxBehavior" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="SearchServiceContract" /> <endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="SearchServiceAspNetAjaxBehavior" binding="webHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="SecureBinding" contract="SearchServiceContract" /> </service> </services> </system.serviceModel> Any help on this is highly appreciated ? Thanks KSS

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• WCF: Using Streaming and Username/Password authentication at the same time

  - by Kay

  Hi, I have a WCF Service with the following requirements: a) The client requests a file from the server which is transferred as a Stream. Files may be 100MB or larger. I need streaming or chucking or whatever to make sure that IIS is not loading the whole package into memory before starting to send it. b) The client will transfer an ID to identify the file to be downloaded. The user should be authenticated by providing username/password. c) While the username/password part of the communication needs to be encrypted, encryption of the downloaded file is optional for our use case. My other services, where I am returning smaller files, I am using the following binding: <ws2007HttpBinding> <binding name="ws2007HttpExtern" maxReceivedMessageSize="65536000"> <security mode="Message"> <message clientCredentialType="UserName" /> </security> </binding> </ws2007HttpBinding> But, as I said, that is no good for streaming (Message encryption needs the complete message to encrypt and that is not the case when streaming). So, I asked Microsoft support and I got more or less the following proposal: <bindings> <basicHttpBinding> <binding name="basicStreaming" messageEncoding="Mtom" transferMode="StreamedResponse"> <security mode="Transport"> <transport clientCredentialType="Basic" /> </security> </binding> </bindings> <services> <service behaviorConfiguration="MyProject.WCFInterface.DownloadBehavior" name="MyProject.WCFInterface.DownloadFile"> <endpoint address="" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="basicStreaming" contract="MyProject.WCFInterface.IDownloadFile" /> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" /> </service> </services> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="MyProject.WCFInterface.DownloadBehavior"> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="false" httpsGetEnabled="true" /> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> When I use this, I get the following error message: Could not find a base address that matches scheme https for the endpoint with binding BasicHttpBinding. Registered base address schemes are [http]. I am using the Web Development Server so far (for production IIS7). I have two questions. a) How would you configure WCF to achieve the goal? b) If the MS proposal is good: What I am doing wrong, the error message does not really help me. Thanks.

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• Could not load file or assembly 'System.Web.Ajax, Version=3.0.31106.0

  - by Jonesy

  HI folks, I have a .net application (vb.net) and I'm using the ajax control toolkit. It works fine on my production machine but when I upload it to the host (fasthosts) i get this error: Could not load file or assembly 'System.Web.Ajax, Version=3.0.31106.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=28f01b0e84b6d53e' or one of its dependencies. The module was expected to contain an assembly manifest. Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code. Exception Details: System.BadImageFormatException: Could not load file or assembly 'System.Web.Ajax, Version=3.0.31106.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=28f01b0e84b6d53e' or one of its dependencies. The module was expected to contain an assembly manifest. Source Error: An unhandled exception was generated during the execution of the current web request. Information regarding the origin and location of the exception can be identified using the exception stack trace below. Assembly Load Trace: The following information can be helpful to determine why the assembly 'System.Web.Ajax, Version=3.0.31106.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=28f01b0e84b6d53e' could not be loaded. WRN: Assembly binding logging is turned OFF. To enable assembly bind failure logging, set the registry value [HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Fusion!EnableLog] (DWORD) to 1. Note: There is some performance penalty associated with assembly bind failure logging. To turn this feature off, remove the registry value [HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Fusion!EnableLog]. Stack Trace: [BadImageFormatException: Could not load file or assembly 'System.Web.Ajax, Version=3.0.31106.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=28f01b0e84b6d53e' or one of its dependencies. The module was expected to contain an assembly manifest.] AjaxControlToolkit.ToolkitScriptManager.ApplyAssembly(ScriptReference script, Boolean isComposite) +0 AjaxControlToolkit.ToolkitScriptManager.OnResolveScriptReference(ScriptReferenceEventArgs e) +167 System.Web.UI.ScriptManager.RegisterScripts() +191 System.Web.UI.ScriptManager.OnPagePreRenderComplete(Object sender, EventArgs e) +113 System.Web.UI.Page.OnPreRenderComplete(EventArgs e) +8698462 System.Web.UI.Page.ProcessRequestMain(Boolean includeStagesBeforeAsyncPoint, Boolean includeStagesAfterAsyncPoint) +1029 Here is my web.conf file. Its very simple: <system.web> <customErrors mode="Off"/> <compilation debug="true"> <assemblies> <add assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> <add assembly="System.Web.Extensions.Design, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> <add assembly="System.Design, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B03F5F7F11D50A3A"/> <add assembly="System.Windows.Forms, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/></assemblies></compilation></system.web> Does anyone know whats up? -- Billy

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