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• Why is my concurrency capacity so low for my web app on a LAMP EC2 instance?

  - by AMF

  I come from a web developer background and have been humming along building my PHP app, using the CakePHP framework. The problem arose when I began the ab (Apache Bench) testing on the Amazon EC2 instance in which the app resides. I'm getting pretty horrendous average page load times, even though I'm running a c1.medium instance (2 cores, 2GB RAM), and I think I'm doing everything right. I would run: ab -n 200 -c 20 http://localhost/heavy-but-view-cached-page.php Here are the results: Concurrency Level: 20 Time taken for tests: 48.197 seconds Complete requests: 200 Failed requests: 0 Write errors: 0 Total transferred: 392111200 bytes HTML transferred: 392047600 bytes Requests per second: 4.15 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 4819.723 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 240.986 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 7944.88 [Kbytes/sec] received While the ab test is running, I run VMStat, which shows that Swap stays at 0, CPU is constantly at 80-100% (although I'm not sure I can trust this on a VM), RAM utilization ramps up to about 1.6G (leaving 400M free). Load goes up to about 8 and site slows to a crawl. Here's what I think I'm doing right on the code side: In Chrome browser uncached pages typically load in 800-1000ms, and cached pages load in 300-500ms. Not stunning, but not terrible either. Thanks to view caching, there might be at most one DB query per page-load to write session data. So we can rule out a DB bottleneck. I have APC on. I am using Memcached to serve the view cache and other site caches. xhprof code profiler shows that cached pages take up 10MB-40MB in memory and 100ms - 1000ms in wall time. Pages that would be the worst offenders would look something like this in xhprof: Total Incl. Wall Time (microsec): 330,143 microsecs Total Incl. CPU (microsecs): 320,019 microsecs Total Incl. MemUse (bytes): 36,786,192 bytes Total Incl. PeakMemUse (bytes): 46,667,008 bytes Number of Function Calls: 5,195 My Apache config: KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout 3 <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 5 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 MaxClients 120 MaxRequestsPerChild 1000 </IfModule> Is there something wrong with the server? Some gotcha with the EC2? Or is it my code? Some obvious setting I should look into? Too many DNS lookups? What am I missing? I really want to get to 1,000 concurrency capacity, but at this rate, it ain't gonna happen.

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• Compiling PHP fastcgi: –with-apxs2 is not needed,why?

  - by wamp

  I just found that to compile fastcgi LAMP, –with-apxs2 shouldn't be used when compiling PHP. But I don't see the reason. Can someone elaborate?

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• Why is an Ext4 disk check so much faster than NTFS?

  - by Brendan Long

  I had a situation today where I restarted my computer and it said I needed to check the disk for consistancy. About 10 minutes later (at "1%" complete), I gave up and decided to let it run when I go home. For comparison, my home computer uses Ext4 for all of the partitions, and the disk checks (which run around once week) only take a couple seconds. I remember reading that having fast disk checks was a priority, but I don't know how they could do that. So, how does Ext4 do disk checks so fast? Is there some huge breakthrough in doing this after NTFS came out (~10 years ago)? Note: The NTFS disk is ~300 GB and the Ext4 disk is ~500 GB. Both are about half full.

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• Why am I unable to access the network shares on my own computer?

  - by DoomStone

  I am having some problems with media center computer, with Windows 7 on it. The computers IP address is 192.168.1.13, and another computer can without any problem navigate to \\192.168.1.13, but the computer itself can not. Neither \\servername nor \\localhost. If I reboot the computer a couple of times, it will work again, but this is a big problem as my computer cleans my media center library on boot and there, if it can not access \\192.168.1.13, it will think that all the files have been removed and therefore delete them from the database. I really have no idea on where to start with this problem, but if anyone has tried this before and fixed it, I would be very happy, as it would save me from having to reinstall the whole system.

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• why can’t I see my Hardrive for my compaq mini 110c from A windows Xp installation on usb stick?

  - by sludog1

  I have a Compaq mini 110c-1100dx and I'm having a terrible time trying to reinstall windows. I dont have a external CD drive and REALLY dont want to pay HP 200bux for one. so, I've been TRYING to reinstall WinXP from a flashdrive and I have it to the point where the XP installation gets past the Agreement, but then the netbooks hard drive is not showing up, it's jus giving me the option to install WInXP onto the flash drive, registering as C:. I've tried using nLite to add extra drivers to the WinXP "cd" but I dont think I have the correct HD drivers and I am stuck. ANY help at all be great

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• Why is there an extra HDD under /dev being added in my Linux Kernel?

  - by user1279156

  I have created a Linux kernel and for some reason an extra drive is always added at bootup. My hard drive is listed as /dev/sdb. /dev/sda is created too, and it is 8 MB in size. I can't find anything in the kernel config that is creating this, but if I use a different kernel it is not there. Kernel logs show it as an attached SCSI device, looks just like my hard drive but only 8 MB, and has no partition table. It also doesn't appear to be a physical device. I've tried the kernel on many different models of PCs and it is always there. Does anyone know how to remove it? /dev/disk/by-id gives me: scsi-1AMCC_U21413034D98EB000584 scsi-1AMCC_U21413034D98EB000584-part1 scsi-353333330000007d0 scsi-SATA_ST3250312AS_5VY7SH42 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD800JD-60L_WD-WMAM9Y085675 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD800JD-60L_WD-WMAM9Y085675-part1 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD800JD-60L_WD-WMAM9Y085675-part2 hdparm -i /dev/sda gives me an "invalid argument". dd if=/dev/sda of=sda.img the resulting file does not have any content sdparm results: /dev/sda: Linux scsi_debug 0004 Device identification VPD page: Addressed logical unit: designator type: T10 vendor identification, code set: ASCII vendor id: Linux vendor specific: scsi_debug 2000 designator type: NAA, code set: Binary 0x53333330000007d0 Target port: designator type: Relative target port, code set: Binary transport: Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) Relative target port: 0x1 designator type: NAA, code set: Binary transport: Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) 0x52222220000007ce designator type: Target port group, code set: Binary transport: Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) Target port group: 0x100 Target device that contains addressed lu: designator type: NAA, code set: Binary transport: Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) 0x52222220000007cd designator type: SCSI name string, code set: UTF-8 transport: Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) SCSI name string: naa.52222220000007CD

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• Why would Linux VM in vSphere ESXi 5.5 show dramatically increased disk i/o latency?

  - by mhucka

  I'm stumped and I hope someone else will recognize the symptoms of this problem. Hardware: new Dell T110 II, dual-core Pentium G860 2.9 GHz, onboard SATA controller, one new 500 GB 7200 RPM cabled hard drive inside the box, other drives inside but not mounted yet. No RAID. Software: fresh CentOS 6.5 virtual machine under VMware ESXi 5.5.0 (build 174 + vSphere Client). 2.5 GB RAM allocated. The disk is how CentOS offered to set it up, namely as a volume inside an LVM Volume Group, except that I skipped having a separate /home and simply have / and /boot. CentOS is patched up, ESXi patched up, latest VMware tools installed in the VM. No users on the system, no services running, no files on the disk but the OS installation. I'm interacting with the VM via the VM virtual console in vSphere Client. Before going further, I wanted to check that I configured things more or less reasonably. I ran the following command as root in a shell on the VM: for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10; do dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.img bs=8k count=256k conv=fdatasync done I.e., just repeat the dd command 10 times, which results in printing the transfer rate each time. The results are disturbing. It starts off well: 262144+0 records in 262144+0 records out 2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 20.451 s, 105 MB/s 262144+0 records in 262144+0 records out 2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 20.4202 s, 105 MB/s ... but after 7-8 of these, it then prints 262144+0 records in 262144+0 records out 2147483648 bytes (2.1 GG) copied, 82.9779 s, 25.9 MB/s 262144+0 records in 262144+0 records out 2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 84.0396 s, 25.6 MB/s 262144+0 records in 262144+0 records out 2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 103.42 s, 20.8 MB/s If I wait a significant amount of time, say 30-45 minutes, and run it again, it again goes back to 105 MB/s, and after several rounds (sometimes a few, sometimes 10+), it drops to ~20-25 MB/s again. Plotting the disk latency in vSphere's interface, it shows periods of high disk latency hitting 1.2-1.5 seconds during the times that dd reports the low throughput. (And yes, things get pretty unresponsive while that's happening.) What could be causing this? I'm comfortable that it is not due to the disk failing, because I also had configured two other disks as an additional volume in the same system. At first I thought I did something wrong with that volume, but after commenting the volume out from /etc/fstab and rebooting, and trying the tests on / as shown above, it became clear that the problem is elsewhere. It is probably an ESXi configuration problem, but I'm not very experienced with ESXi. It's probably something stupid, but after trying to figure this out for many hours over multiple days, I can't find the problem, so I hope someone can point me in the right direction. (P.S.: yes, I know this hardware combo won't win any speed awards as a server, and I have reasons for using this low-end hardware and running a single VM, but I think that's besides the point for this question [unless it's actually a hardware problem].) ADDENDUM #1: Reading other answers such as this one made me try adding oflag=direct to dd. However, it makes no difference in the pattern of results: initially the numbers are higher for many rounds, then they drop to 20-25 MB/s. (The initial absolute numbers are in the 50 MB/s range.) ADDENDUM #2: Adding sync ; echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches into the loop does not make a difference at all. ADDENDUM #3: To take out further variables, I now run dd such that the file it creates is larger than the amount of RAM on the system. The new command is dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.img bs=16k count=256k conv=fdatasync oflag=direct. Initial throughput numbers with this version of the command are ~50 MB/s. They drop to 20-25 MB/s when things go south. ADDENDUM #4: Here is the output of iostat -d -m -x 1 running in another terminal window while performance is "good" and then again when it's "bad". (While this is going on, I'm running dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.img bs=16k count=256k conv=fdatasync oflag=direct.) First, when things are "good", it shows this: When things go "bad", iostat -d -m -x 1 shows this:

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• Why am I getting programs stuck in log_wait_commit under Linux?

  - by staticsan

  There is something subtly wrong with my Linux install that I just can't locate. It is Ubuntu Lucid Lynx (10.04) 64-bit. Hardware is a Dell Optiplex 960: Intel Core 2 Quad CPU, 8Gb of RAM, 2x 300Gb HDDs. /home is ext2 on one disk and everything else is on the other (/ is also ext3). I have VirtualBox running a 64-bit Vista image for Outlook calendaring, but the heavyweight apps are IntelliJ, NetBeans, MySQL and Opera. Opera also loads my mail (IMAP) of which there is over 10,000 messages. The problem is that Opera stalls for a few seconds from time-to-time. Watching the process list shows it's in log_wait_commit which means (as far as I have figured out) the filesystem is holding things up. Sometimes I can make this happen by doing a subversion update, but usually it happens for no reason I can see. It usually happens to Opera, but I've seen NetBeans go under, too. It doesn't make the app crash - it's just completely unresponsive for a few seconds. Googling has not helped. The closest I got was to remove the sync attribute in the file system. This achieved nothing. On the advice of a Linux guru friend, I lowered /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs to 300, but that didn't do anything, either. And it was all he could think of. What is going on and can I fix it? (And how?)

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• Why can't I extend the C: drive on Vista? Because I have Free Space to its right instead of Unalloca

  - by tzup

  Okay this is annoying! I have a C: drive that is the primary partition (bootable) that I would like to extend. In order to do that it seems like I need to have Unallocated Space to the right of the partition. Right now, I have "Free Space" to the right. How in the world do I make it Unallocated (not formatted)? There must be some command line utility to be able to do this. Please help!

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• putty 0.61 : why do I see "Access Denied" message after I enter my login id?

  - by anjanbacchu

  I use putty to login to my RHEL 5.3 server. I'm prompted to enter my login as "login as " and I enter my login Id. as soon as I press ENTER, I see a "Access Denied" message following which I'm prompted with password. I successfully enter password and I'm through -- no problems. I tried the same with putty 0.60(as opposed to above putty 0.61) but in this version, I don't get any "access denied" error. What should I make of this ? Is putty 0.61 version buggy ? P.S : If I login using ssh.exe(from cygwin), then I'm fine -- I don't get any "access denied" errors. Thank you,

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• Why is my library/Documents shortcut showing all files from all subfolders in one flat list?

  - by korro

  I am using Windows Explorer on Windows 7. In My Documents there's a folder 02 KOOP. If I go there using the adress bar: D:\users\username\My Documents\02 KOOP I get a view of my subfolders and some files: However when I use the Documents shortcut under Libraries, and then go to the 02 KOOP folder, all files that are located in all subfolders are listed in one big list. When you view the file properties, the actual location is shown: This is the only subfolder of My Documents that has this behaviour. Did I accidentally change some setting, or is something wrong? Is this some setting I accidentally changed?

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• Is it recommended to use XAMPP(software bundle) on production environment and why?

  - by wamp

  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LAMP_%28software_bundle%29 Using it will save lots of time, though...

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• Why don't cfn-init logs get sent by rsyslog?

  - by Jon M

  I just signed up for Papertrail to aggregate logs from some AWS instances I'm setting up with CloudFormation::Init. I've followed the instructions and added *.* @logs.papertrailapp.com to the end of '/etc/rsyslog.conf'. Some logs are showing up on Papertrail, but notably the contents of '/var/log/cfn-init.log' never get there, and those are the ones I'm interested in right now. Have I set up rsyslog incorrectly? Or do the CloudFormation::Init scripts just not use syslog to write log information?

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• Why does everybody have the same MAC address as me?

  - by iblue

  I just bought some consumer-grade McCheap PCI-E NICs (and this was a bad idea). They both have the same MAC address. When I google it, it seems like every card of that company has the same address: 00:50:43:00:45:3e. Shouldn't they be unique? According to lspci it's a Marvell Technology Group Ltd. 88E8053 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 20). Is there a way to permanently flash a new address?

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• Why does sub_filter seem to not work when used in conjunction with proxy_pass?

  - by kylehayes

  Given the following configuration of nginx: server { listen 80; server_name apilocal; sub_filter "apiupstream/api" "apilocal"; sub_filter_once off; location /people/ { proxy_pass http://apiupstream/api/people/; proxy_set_header Accept-Encoding ""; } } Sub_filter does not properly response parts of the response. Once I remove proxy_pass from the configuration, it works properly. A lot of folks with this problem end up having gzip compression from the upstream server. I've verified that my upstream server does not have gzip encoding turned on for its responses. But just in case, I've also used the proxy_set_header above to not accept gzip. Is there potentially something else I'm missing?

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• Why is the screen resolution different between Windows 7 Ultimate and Enterprise editions?

  - by IDispose

  I installed Windows 7 Enterprise 64 bit edition on my Dell Precision M6400 with an nVidia Quadro Fx 2700M card and I see that even though the screen resolution is set to 1920 X 1200, its not the same as the Windows 7 Ultimate 64 bit installed on a second hard drive. Both OSes show that the screen resolution is set at 1920 X 1200 but Ultimate shows more pixels than Enterprise. I also reinstalled the display driver but in vain. Any ideas? TIA

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• network between XP and Seven, ping only in one direction: why?

  - by Toc

  I'm trying to connect a Seven pc with a XP pc. The workgroup name is the same, but I do not see nothing inside Network item in Computer window. I have turned off firewall on both pcs. Now the XP pc pings the other, but the Seven pc does not ping the other. What could be the cause?

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• Why Ctrl+Tab stops working when opening a flash embedded page?

  - by AZ

  This a huge pet peeve I have. Everytime I watch a video in youtube.com or megavideo.com, I can't just Ctrl+Tab to change tabs. I'll have to clic in some portion of the page without video to get it to work, but even that, isn't always the case.

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• Why does my HDD produce a high-pitched noise when the CPU is in use?

  - by CyberOptic

  I know this is strange. Some time ago, I bought a new 7200rpm HDD for my desktop system (I'll look for the model later). Every time the CPU is used, a high frequency cheep comes from the HDD. I'm sure it's the HDD because the problem does not occur if the HDD is not attached or is in energy-saving mode (I cross-checked by booting from a live CD). What could be the reason for the cheep sounds? Could it be the power supply?

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• Why are no application folders being created in home folder?

  - by person

  For example, when I do something like... sudo apt-get install vim No .vim folder is created in the home folder.

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• Why is it taking longer to log into windows7?

  - by acidzombie24

  I installed windows 7 and it was file for weeks. Recently i created a 2nd user account, installed important updates, installed 1 game and AFAIK that is it. What did it? All three of theses doesnt seem they would cause logging in to take longer (maybe important updates did it?). It takes 90+ seconds to get a fully loaded desktop when it use to take ~30 second. Looking at msconfig and starup i see vmware, dtools, launchy and live messenger (msn). I know i had three of these and maybe all 4 during the last install how can i find out what made loggin in slow? -edit- i also installed visual studios rc1 team instead of beta2 and msvs 2008. But i hardly doubt msvs rc1 did it.

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• Why my samba printer is not visible (after boot) until i restart smb ?

  - by j23tom

  I've an old hp1100 and ubuntu 9.10 and now upgraded to lucid prerelease. I can't see my printer on network (using smb://mycomputer on nautilus or \mycomputr from xp). As long as i will not restart smbd (on lucid: sudo restart smbd) my printer is not visible as network share. All file shares are always visible. My printer is visible and working after smbd restart Any clue what might cause this ?

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• Why can't I access the WebUI of my DNS-323 NAS after a firmware upgrade?

  - by anonymous2

  Hi Everyone, I just bought a D-Link DNS-323 NAS Enclosure, and have run into a problem. I read that the firmware that had shipped with (1.07) did not support 2TB drives, so I downloaded firmware 1.08. Turned on the device for thwe first time and went straight to the WebUI (everything looked/worked fine) Proceeded with the firmware update, completed successfully. Rebooted and I cannot access the WebUI. I can see the NAS connected via my router interface I can also ping the ip adress assigned, but I cannot access the WebUI or find it via D-Link easy search software. I have tried the factory reset button, but that does not seem to be doing anything, the square blue light just keeps flashing from the moment the unit is powered on, whether I press the reset button or not, and the symptoms remain the same... PS. I did/do not have any drives installed yet. Please help?

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• Why am I having trouble loading Ubuntu alongside Windows as an application?

  - by STEVE PEAVEY

  I have two good CD ISO files. Both load OK, but when I boot to Ubuntu the screen is fragmented by dozens of white lines. Program works but is useless. I'm running Windows XP SP3 on D201GLY MB, CELERON CPU 220 1.02 GHZ, 512 RAM What could be my problem? CPU? Not enough RAM? Or maybe even the graphics card? to be clearer i am trying to load either ubuntu 8.04 or 9.04 inside windows as an aplication from known GOOD cd's. trying to load with the wubi installer that is loaded on the cd's. sis mirage graphics 32mb vid prosser sis 662.

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• Why do I need to add my application pool identity to the IIS_IUSRS group?

  - by smcolligan

  I'm setting up a .NET v4.0 web application on a Windows 2008 R2/IIS 7.5 server that uses a domain account for the application pool identity. When I access the site, I get the following error: The current identity () does not have write access to 'C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\Temporary ASP.NET Files' According to this: http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/140/understanding-built-in-user-and-group-accounts-in-iis/ the identity of the worker process is added to the IIS_IUSRS group when the process starts. This seems to work fine for the existing .NET v2.0 applications I have running on the same server (I have not had to add their domain account application pool identities to IIS_IUSRS group). This does not seem to be the case for the first .NET v4.0 web application I'm setting up. Once I add the identity to the group, everything works fine. I suspect something is not configured correctly that is forcing me to do this. I would like to understand this before rolling out more sites/servers. Thanks in advance for your help...

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