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• Ubuntu 12.10, Unity, AMD 12.11 beta drivers, AMD APP SDK 2.7 and OpenCL detection of multiple gpus

  - by junkie

  I'm using Ubuntu 12.10, AMD 12.11 beta drivers, AMD APP SDK 2.7 and OpenCL. I have three amd radeon 7990s plugged in each of which are a dual 7970 so I have six gpus altogether. I plan to go up to eight in a few days. Windows couldn't use even 4 but linux works fine with 6 so far. The strange thing is that the six gpus are only detected by OpenCL in unity (the ubuntu default window manager). If I switch to e17, blackbox or fluxbox or anything else for that matter OpenCL only detects one. I'm using a simple OpenCL program to list all devices to check. I've also checked the output of aticonfig --list-adapters, fglxinfo and clinfo. The first two always show six in all window managers wheras clinfo shows 6 in unity but 1 gpu in all other WMs. I'm also using an X config generated by aticonfig --initial -f --adapter=all. I'm also only using one monitor. I've also checked using lsmod that the fglrx module is loaded in all WMs. So I have two questions. Why does OpenCL see six gpus only in unity? How can I enable six gpus on other lightweight WMs? Basically I'm getting at what determines how many gpus the OpenCL runtime sees? Thanks.

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• How to diagnose storage system scaling problems?

  - by Unknown

  We are currently testing the maximum sequential read throughput of a storage system (48 disks total behind two HP P2000 arrays) connected to HP DL580 G7 running RHEL 5 with 128 GB of memory. Initial testing has been mainly done by running DD-commands like this: dd if=/dev/mapper/mpath1 of=/dev/null bs=1M count=3000 In parallel for each disk. However, we have been unable to scale the results from one array (maximum throughput of 1.3 GB/s) to two (almost the same throughput). Each array is connected to a dedicated host bust adapter, so they should not be the bottleneck. The disks are currently in JBOD configuration, so each disk can be addressed directly. I have two questions: Is running multiple DD commands in parallel really a good way to test maximum read throughput? We have noticed very high SWAPIN-% numbers in iotop, which I find hard to explain because the target is /dev/null How shoud we proceed in trying to find the reason for the scaling problem? Do you thing the server itself is the bottleneck here, or could there be some linux parameters that we have overlooked?

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• Can I use iptables on my Varnish server to forward HTTPS traffic to a specific server?

  - by Dylan Beattie

  We use Varnish as our front-end web cache and load balancer, so we have a Linux server in our development environment, running Varnish with some basic caching and load-balancing rules across a pair of Windows 2008 IIS web servers. We have a wildcard DNS rule that points *.development at this Varnish box, so we can browse http://www.mysite.com.development, http://www.othersite.com.development, etc. The problem is that since Varnish can't handle HTTPS traffic, we can't access https://www.mysite.com.development/ For dev/testing, we don't need any acceleration or load-balancing - all I need is to tell this box to act as a dumb proxy and forward any incoming requests on port 443 to a specific IIS server. I suspect iptables may offer a solution but it's been a long while since I wrote an iptables rule. Some initial hacking has got me as far as iptables -F iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --sport 443 -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 443 -j DNAT --to 10.0.0.241:443 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -p tcp -d 10.0.0.241 --dport 443 -j MASQUERADE iptables -A INPUT -j LOG --log-level 4 --log-prefix 'PreRouting ' iptables -A OUTPUT -j LOG --log-level 4 --log-prefix 'PostRouting ' iptables-save > /etc/iptables.rules (where 10.0.0.241 is the IIS box hosting the HTTPS website), but this doesn't appear to be working. To clarify - I realize there's security implications about HTTPS proxying/caching - all I'm looking for is completely transparent IP traffic forwarding. I don't need to decrypt, cache or inspect any of the packets; I just want anything on port 443 to flow through the Linux box to the IIS box behind it as though the Linux box wasn't even there. Any help gratefully received... EDIT: Included full iptables config script.

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• Creating multiple SFTP users for one account

  - by Tom Marthenal

  I'm in the process of migrating an aging shared-hosting system to more modern technologies. Right now, plain old insecure FTP is the only way for customers to access their files. I plan on replacing this with SFTP, but I need a way to create multiple SFTP users that correspond to one UNIX account. A customer has one account on the machine (e.g. customer) with a home directory like /home/customer/. Our clients are used to being able to create an arbitrary number of FTP accounts for their domains (to give out to different people). We need the same capability with SFTP. My first thought is to use SSH keys and just add each new "user" to authorized_keys, but this is confusing for our customers, many of whom are not technically-inclined and would prefer to stick with passwords. SSH is not an issue, only SFTP is available. How can we create multiple SFTP accounts (customer, customer_developer1, customer_developer2, etc.) that all function as equivalents and don't interfere with file permissions (ideally, all files should retain customer as their owner)? My initial thought was some kind of PAM module, but I don't have a clear idea of how to accomplish this within our constraints. We are open to using an alternative SSH daemon if OpenSSH isn't suitable for our situation; again, it needs to support only SFTP and not SSH. Currently our SSH configuration has this appended to it in order to jail the users in their own directories: # all customers have group 'customer' Match group customer ChrootDirectory /home/%u # jail in home directories AllowTcpForwarding no X11Forwarding no ForceCommand internal-sftp # force SFTP PasswordAuthentication yes # for non-customer accounts we use keys instead Our servers are running Ubuntu 12.04 LTS.

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• Windows 7 - All Icons Missing, Explorer Progress Bar Never Finishes, Libraries Gone

  - by Alex

  since yesterday i've had three issues which all arose at the same time. windows 7 x64, i7 2.8ghz 12gb ddr3 1 - my libraries, favorites, drives are missing...basically the entire sidebar is gone. http://i.imgur.com/m8pRQ.png. yet when i open a dialog, my libraries and drives are back to normal ONLY for the dialog. i tried Restore Default Libraries. it works one time, but when i open libraries again i go back to the empty mess. restarting the computer temporarily fixes the problem. 2 - in the explorer window that's showing libraries, when i navigate to a certain folder i get an unending progress bar (the kind that turns the address bar green). yesterday when the problem started, i was saving a file to this folder. the program writing the file crashed during the write and i believe that's what caused the problem. i have sugarsync backing up that folder and when i restarted the computer sugarsync informed me that its database was corrupted, so i had to uninstall and reinstall the software. 3 - icons are missing. the Rebuild Icon Cache did not fix this. http://i.imgur.com/r9pgo.png restarting the computer temporarily fixes these problems, but when i open the directory with the initial write problem, everything stops working. edit: i should note that i did a chkdsk /f and it repaired problems. i also did the thing that verifies then restores windows files (can't remember the command now), which reported that everything was normal.

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• Dell Vostro Desktop error

  - by goldenmean

  Faced a strange situation at work today. We have people sitting at a table on opposite sides, with power cables underneath the table. This morning when the person sitting opposite to me banged his feet on ground, it disturbed the power cable to my PC and it turned-off. So when I turned it on, it says, "No boot device found" Press F1 to setup or F5 to perform test... There was no physical impact/crash/fall of the desktop cabinet, which could have crashed/damaged the hard disk physically. EDIT: The OS is Windows 7 So I tried to recognize it in the Bios setup, but even there it could not find the SATA disk that is connected to this machine. So then I opened the cabinet, removed the power supply and plugged it back again. Tried to reboot, same error, "Boot device not found" It is not recognizing the hard disk. Any ideas about what might be wrong? Hard-disk crash, OS Crash(But it doesn't even go to the point of loading the disk after the initial Bios execution, so doubt this...) Any pointers about how I should proceed to troubleshoot/solve this error are welcome.

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• Automated Syslog Error Solution Finder

  - by Dru

  Any automated syslog solution finding frameworks? I want my central syslog server to email a list of problems, their severity and suggested solutions. There have been several questions about centralising system logs and alternative log analysis systems, but I don't get the impression that any of them help with issue resolution. A little background: At work I am now literally doing the work of two people, and both jobs have expanded beyond their initial frameworks. It is not so bad as I have helpers, but they are little more than smart monkeys. While one of my predecessors [I have two, that is how I know I have the jobs of two people] set-up logwatch to email its results out, my monkeys don't have the skills necessary to identify unimportant data. This has caused all of them, and myself sadly, to setup email filters and ignore the whole thing until something goes "bang". It would be handy to have someone else tell them what is important, what is connected, and to suggest a few ways to resolve the issue (I could train then to research the solution first, ha!). My reading of the Splunk and Octopussy sites indicates that I still need to bring my own highly trained monkey to the party. Which I am several years from having.

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• Firefox v15.0 about:newtab inaccessible via the back button

  - by Willem

  As of this morning I upgraded my Firefox to version 15.0. Or well, it did it for me. That's when my issue began. I've configured Firefox so that when I open up a new tab via Ctrl-T that it loads the about:newtab page which was released in version 14.x(?). I use this functionality extensively. I visit a page from the about:newtab page, read it, press the back button and pick another frequent website from the display I want to visit. However as of v15.0 the latter part is no longer functioning, after visiting a website from the about:newtab page the back button will not let me go back to the about:newtab page. Firefox acts as if that history entry was never there. I've tried searching the release notes to see if this change was intentional or a reported bug, but I have not found anything related so far. Is there anyway to (re)configure the new Firefox v15.0 to let me access the about:newtab page via a tab's history? EDIT: It appears that this only affects the initial 'visit' to the about:newtab page when opening a new tab, manually visiting about:newtab will register it as a history entry and allow it to be navigated to via the back and forward buttons. So I guess this changes my question to 'How can I make Firefox 15.0 treat the inital page from a newtab as a history entry'.

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• Dell Vostro Desktop error.

  - by goldenmean

  Faced a strange situation at work today. We have people sitting at a table on opposite sides, with power cables underneath the table. This morning when the person sitting opposite to me banged his feet on ground, it disturbed the power cable to my PC and it turned-off. So when I turned it on, it says, "No boot device found" Press F1 to setup or F5 to perform test... There was no physical impact/crash/fall of the desktop cabinet, which could have crashed/damaged the hard disk physically. EDIT: The OS is Windows 7 So I tried to recognize it in the Bios setup, but even there it could not find the SATA disk that is connected to this machine. So then I opened the cabinet, removed the power supply and plugged it back again. Tried to reboot, same error, "Boot device not found" It is not recognizing the hard disk. Any ideas about what might be wrong? Hard-disk crash, OS Crash(But it doesn't even go to the point of loading the disk after the initial Bios execution, so doubt this...) Any pointers about how I should proceed to troubleshoot/solve this error are welcome.

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• How can I stop SipVicious ('friendly-scanner') from flooding my SIP server?

  - by a1kmm

  I run an SIP server which listens on UDP port 5060, and needs to accept authenticated requests from the public Internet. The problem is that occasionally it gets picked up by people scanning for SIP servers to exploit, who then sit there all day trying to brute force the server. I use credentials that are long enough that this attack will never feasibly work, but it is annoying because it uses up a lot of bandwidth. I have tried setting up fail2ban to read the Asterisk log and ban IPs that do this with iptables, which stops Asterisk from seeing the incoming SIP REGISTER attempts after 10 failed attempts (which happens in well under a second at the rate of attacks I'm seeing). However, SipVicious derived scripts do not immediately stop sending after getting an ICMP Destination Host Unreachable - they keep hammering the connection with packets. The time until they stop is configurable, but unfortunately it seems that the attackers doing these types of brute force attacks generally set the timeout to be very high (attacks continue at a high rate for hours after fail2ban has stopped them from getting any SIP response back once they have seen initial confirmation of an SIP server). Is there a way to make it stop sending packets at my connection?

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• How do I change the default ftp folder in MacOS X 10.6?

  - by Wild_Eep

  I'm running WordPress 2.9.1 from a Mac running 10.6.3. WordPress is installed to the /Library/WebServer/Documents folder. WordPress has a feature called AutoUpdate. Clicking an autoupdate button will download and install updated versions of the WordPress software, or third-party plugin tools. It's a convenient way to keep things up to date. WordPress uses FTP to download the files. I've enabled FTP and set up a user account and opened the requisite ports in my firewall for FTP traffic. This doesn't seem to be enough for my self-hosted installation, though. I'm sure this feature was originally designed for someone who has access to a remote shared webserver, and that it's merely a configuration challenge related to the FTP setup. I feel that if I can adjust the initial directory that the FTP service presents to the AutoUpdate feature, everything else will work properly. So, my question is, how do I adjust what folder is presented when a given user connects to a Mac running 10.6.3 via FTP?

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• VPS Memory Exchausted Even With Light Settings

  - by user101570

  Linux noob here. I have a 256MB VPS on Ubuntu 11.04 server and when I run "free -m" the result shows all memory being used (including the second line re: buffers/cache). I found this very strange, considering I only have 5 Apache processes running each chewing up about 20MB each. MYSQL is taking up 30MB. To my knowledge, and according to "top", I have no other memory hogs operating. Settings that may be relevant: PHP memory_limit = 32M MYSQL key_buffer = 16M Prefork MPM Maxclients = 10 So when I reviewed these settings, I naturally thought maxclients was too high, so I tried switching it to 5. Now not only does my memory still show as being 100% used, my website loads much, much slower, despite not getting any traffic aside from mine at the moment. I don't understand this. I thought a single Apache process handles all requests from a client received within the "KeepAliveTimeout" window, which I've set to 2 seconds. With my initial config. of 10 maxclients, my page load times are around .3ms, so a single process should handle that no problem, correct? So next I went to an extreme level of 1 for maxclients. My memory is still at 100% usage and my site loads painfully slow. I'm a noob at a complete loss here. According to the many tutorials I've read on basic server setup, I should be good to go. Help! Please! Edit: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 256 256 0 0 0 0 -/+ buffers/cache: 256 0 Swap: 0 0 0

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• Random "not accessible" "you might not have permission to use this network resource"

  - by Jim Fred

  A couple of computers, both Win7-64 can connect to shares on a NAS server, at least most of the time. At random intervals, these Win7-64 computers cannot access some shares but can access others on the same NAS. When access is denied, a dialog box appears saying "\\myServer\MyShare02 not accessible...you might not have permission to use this network resource..." Other shares, say \\myServer\MyShare01, ARE accessible from the affected computers and yet other computers CAN access the affected shares. Reboots of the affected computers seem to allow the affected computer to connect to the affected shares - but then, getting a cup of coffee seems to help too. When the problem appears, the network seems to be ok e.g. the affected computers can access other shares on the affected server and can ping etc. Also Other computers can access the affected shares. The NAS server is a NetGear ReadyNas Pro. The problem might be on the NAS side such as a resource limitation but since only 2 Win7-64 PCs seem to be affected the most, the problem could be on the PC side - I'm not sure yet. I of course searched for solutions and found several tips addressing initial connection problems (use correct workgroup name, use IP address instead of server name, remove security restrictions etc) but none of those remedies address the random nature of this problem.

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• EC2 kernel decision and issues with creating a new machine with my AMI

  - by roacha

  I could really use some advice. I started a new instance on EC2 using Amazon's AMI and during the deployment process I selected a Kernel ID of "Use Default". I then configured my server the way that I wanted to and took a snapshot of it. I then created my own AMI to create new servers with. When I try and create a new server with this AMI the server fails to start and I get the error: EXT3-fs: sda1: couldn't mount because of unsupported optional features (240). Which appears to happen because I am selecting a kernel id of "Use default" again when building my second server. I have read that in order for this to work I need to choose the same kernel id that was used in my original server. I have deleted my original server and don't know what it was using. What is the best process to follow in order to not have these issues? Should I choose "Use Default" for my original server? How do you know which kernel it selected? Then should I just document this and always specify this during the deployment of my next servers using my custom AMI? OR should I choose a custom kernel id during the initial build and always use this one moving ahead hoping Amazon never retires it? Thanks for any advice!

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• Redirecting or routing all traffic to OpenVPN on a Mac OS X client

  - by sdr56p

  I have configured an OpenVPN (2.2.1) server on an Ubuntu virtual machine in the Amazon elastic compute cloud. The server is up and running. I have installed OpenVPN (2.2.1) on a Mac OS X (10.8.2) client and I am using the openvpn2 binary to connect (in opposition to other clients like Tunnelblick or Viscosity). I can connect with the client and successfully ping or ssh the server through the tunnel. However, I can't redirect all internet traffic through the VPN even if I use the push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp" option in the server.conf configurations. When I connect to the server with these configurations, I get a successful connection, but then an infinite series of error messages: "write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65)". Traffic routing seems to be compromised because I am not able to access anything anymore, not even the OpenVPN server (by pinging 10.8.0.1 for instance). This is beyond me. I am finding little help on the web and don't know what to try next. I don't think it is a problem of forwarding the traffic on the server since, first, I have also took care of that and, second, I can't even ping the VPN server locally through the tunnel (or ping anything at all for that matter). Thank you for your help. Here is the server.conf. file: port 1194 proto udp dev tun ca ca.crt cert ec2-server.crt key ec2-server.key # This file should be kept secret dh dh1024.pem server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp" client-to-client keepalive 10 120 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun status openvpn-status.log verb 3 And the client.conf file: client dev tun proto udp remote servername.com 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca ca.crt cert Toto5.crt key Toto5.key ns-cert-type server comp-lzo verb 3 Here is the connection log with the error messages: $ sudo openvpn2 --config client.conf Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 OpenVPN 2.2.1 x86_64-apple-darwin12.2.0 [SSL] [LZO2] [eurephia] built on Mar 4 2013 Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 NOTE: OpenVPN 2.1 requires '--script-security 2' or higher to call user-defined scripts or executables Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 LZO compression initialized Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:138 EF:38 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 Socket Buffers: R=[196724->65536] S=[9216->65536] Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:1450 EF:42 EB:135 ET:0 EL:0 AF:3/1 ] Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 Local Options hash (VER=V4): '41690919' Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): '530fdded' Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 UDPv4 link local: [undef] Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 UDPv4 link remote: 54.234.43.171:1194 Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 TLS: Initial packet from 54.234.43.171:1194, sid=ffbaf343 d0c1a266 Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 VERIFY OK: depth=1, /C=US/ST=CA/L=SanFrancisco/O=Fort-Funst ... ost.domain Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 VERIFY OK: nsCertType=SERVER Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 VERIFY OK: depth=0, /C=US/ST=CA/L=SanFrancisco/O=Fort-Funst ... ost.domain Wed Mar 13 22:58:23 2013 Data Channel Encrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Wed Mar 13 22:58:23 2013 Data Channel Encrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Wed Mar 13 22:58:23 2013 Data Channel Decrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Wed Mar 13 22:58:23 2013 Data Channel Decrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Wed Mar 13 22:58:23 2013 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 1024 bit RSA Wed Mar 13 22:58:23 2013 [ec2-server] Peer Connection Initiated with 54.234.43.171:1194 Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 SENT CONTROL [ec2-server]: 'PUSH_REQUEST' (status=1) Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,route 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0,topology net30,ping 10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig 10.8.0.6 10.8.0.5' Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 OPTIONS IMPORT: timers and/or timeouts modified Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 OPTIONS IMPORT: --ifconfig/up options modified Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 OPTIONS IMPORT: route options modified Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 ROUTE default_gateway=0.0.0.0 Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 TUN/TAP device /dev/tun0 opened Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 /sbin/ifconfig tun0 delete ifconfig: ioctl (SIOCDIFADDR): Can't assign requested address Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 NOTE: Tried to delete pre-existing tun/tap instance -- No Problem if failure Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 /sbin/ifconfig tun0 10.8.0.6 10.8.0.5 mtu 1500 netmask 255.255.255.255 up Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 /sbin/route add -net 10.8.0.0 10.8.0.5 255.255.255.0 add net 10.8.0.0: gateway 10.8.0.5 Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 Initialization Sequence Completed ^CWed Mar 13 22:58:30 2013 event_wait : Interrupted system call (code=4) Wed Mar 13 22:58:30 2013 TCP/UDP: Closing socket Wed Mar 13 22:58:30 2013 /sbin/route delete -net 10.8.0.0 10.8.0.5 255.255.255.0 delete net 10.8.0.0: gateway 10.8.0.5 Wed Mar 13 22:58:30 2013 Closing TUN/TAP interface Wed Mar 13 22:58:30 2013 SIGINT[hard,] received, process exiting toto5:ttntec2 Dominic$ sudo openvpn2 --config client.conf --remote ec2-54-234-43-171.compute-1.amazonaws.com Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 OpenVPN 2.2.1 x86_64-apple-darwin12.2.0 [SSL] [LZO2] [eurephia] built on Mar 4 2013 Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 NOTE: OpenVPN 2.1 requires '--script-security 2' or higher to call user-defined scripts or executables Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 LZO compression initialized Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:138 EF:38 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 Socket Buffers: R=[196724->65536] S=[9216->65536] Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:1450 EF:42 EB:135 ET:0 EL:0 AF:3/1 ] Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 Local Options hash (VER=V4): '41690919' Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): '530fdded' Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 UDPv4 link local: [undef] Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 UDPv4 link remote: 54.234.43.171:1194 Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 TLS: Initial packet from 54.234.43.171:1194, sid=a0d75468 ec26de14 Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 VERIFY OK: depth=1, /C=US/ST=CA/L=SanFrancisco/O=Fort-Funst ... ost.domain Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 VERIFY OK: nsCertType=SERVER Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 VERIFY OK: depth=0, /C=US/ST=CA/L=SanFrancisco/O=Fort-Funst ... ost.domain Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 Data Channel Encrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 Data Channel Encrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 Data Channel Decrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 Data Channel Decrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 1024 bit RSA Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 [ec2-server] Peer Connection Initiated with 54.234.43.171:1194 Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 SENT CONTROL [ec2-server]: 'PUSH_REQUEST' (status=1) Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp,route 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0,topology net30,ping 10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig 10.8.0.6 10.8.0.5' Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 OPTIONS IMPORT: timers and/or timeouts modified Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 OPTIONS IMPORT: --ifconfig/up options modified Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 OPTIONS IMPORT: route options modified Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 ROUTE default_gateway=0.0.0.0 Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 TUN/TAP device /dev/tun0 opened Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 /sbin/ifconfig tun0 delete ifconfig: ioctl (SIOCDIFADDR): Can't assign requested address Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 NOTE: Tried to delete pre-existing tun/tap instance -- No Problem if failure Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 /sbin/ifconfig tun0 10.8.0.6 10.8.0.5 mtu 1500 netmask 255.255.255.255 up Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 /sbin/route add -net 54.234.43.171 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 add net 54.234.43.171: gateway 0.0.0.0 Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 /sbin/route add -net 0.0.0.0 10.8.0.5 128.0.0.0 add net 0.0.0.0: gateway 10.8.0.5 Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 /sbin/route add -net 128.0.0.0 10.8.0.5 128.0.0.0 add net 128.0.0.0: gateway 10.8.0.5 Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 /sbin/route add -net 10.8.0.0 10.8.0.5 255.255.255.0 add net 10.8.0.0: gateway 10.8.0.5 Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 Initialization Sequence Completed Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:01 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:01 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:01 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:02 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:02 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:02 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:02 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:02 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) ... The routing table after a connection WITHOUT the push redirect-gateway (all traffic is not redirected to the VPN and everything is working fine, I can ping or ssh the OpenVPN server and access all other Internet resources through my default gateway): Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire default user148-1.wireless UGSc 50 0 en1 10.8/24 10.8.0.5 UGSc 2 7 tun0 10.8.0.5 10.8.0.6 UH 3 2 tun0 127 localhost UCS 0 0 lo0 localhost localhost UH 6 6692 lo0 client.openvpn.net client.openvpn.net UH 3 18 lo0 142.1.148/22 link#5 UCS 2 0 en1 user148-1.wireless 0:90:b:27:10:71 UHLWIir 50 0 en1 76 user150-173.wirele localhost UHS 0 0 lo0 142.1.151.255 ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff UHLWbI 0 2 en1 169.254 link#5 UCS 1 0 en1 169.254.255.255 0:90:b:27:10:71 UHLSWi 0 0 en1 71 The routing table after a connection with the push redirect-gateway option enable as in the server.conf file above (all internet traffic should be redirected to the VPN tunnel, but nothing is working, I can't access any Internet ressources at all): Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire 0/1 10.8.0.5 UGSc 1 0 tun0 default user148-1.wireless UGSc 7 0 en1 10.8/24 10.8.0.5 UGSc 0 0 tun0 10.8.0.5 10.8.0.6 UHr 6 0 tun0 54.234.43.171/32 0.0.0.0 UGSc 1 0 en1 127 localhost UCS 0 0 lo0 localhost localhost UH 3 6698 lo0 client.openvpn.net client.openvpn.net UH 0 27 lo0 128.0/1 10.8.0.5 UGSc 2 0 tun0 142.1.148/22 link#5 UCS 1 0 en1 user148-1.wireless 0:90:b:27:10:71 UHLWIir 1 0 en1 833 user150-173.wirele localhost UHS 0 0 lo0 169.254 link#5 UCS 1 0 en1 169.254.255.255 0:90:b:27:10:71 UHLSW 0 0 en1

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• How do you avoid that server documentation gets out of sync with the actual setup?

  - by Frerich Raabe

  I'm a hobbyist maintaining a small FreeBSD server serving mail via IMAP - it's an exercise in server administration. The setup does have reasonably good documentation (in AsciiDoc format) which recently allowed another person to recreate the entire setup from scratch in less than 30 minutes. However, I noticed that after the initial setup, it easily happens that small changes done to the system (say: inetd gets disabbled, my IMAP server listens on an additional port for ManageSieve connections, a new router is added to the exim configuration) don't end up in the documentation immediately (if at all). My idea was to avoid this problem by (partially?) generating the documentation out of the configuration files and the comments therein - one way to implement this may be to put /etc and /usr/local/etc into some source code management system (say - git) and then run a script which regenerates the documentation on every commit. However, I'm not sure whether that would be overkill and/or too difficult to get right (after all, I don't want complete copies of the source files in my documentation but rather just the diffs). How do other people avoid that the server documentation gets outdated - is there a good way to keep them in sync automatically, or do you just have the discipline to update the documentation the same time you modify the system?

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• Scaling a LAMP website hosted on EC2

  - by Gublooo

  Hello, I'm very new to all this - I've recently managed to launch my website on EC2. As next step, I want to learn how to scale the website. I have a general idea but wanted some input from the experts about how to go about it. My website is based on LAMP but also has Red5 server which allows users to record messages and also used for playing them back. Currently this is the architecture I'm planning to setup for initial scaling. Deploy four small EC2 instances for the following purposes: Instance-1: On this instance I will run the MySql database Instance-2: On this instance I will run the red5 server Instance-3 & Instance-4 These 2 instances will be used to deploy the website and will have Apache running on them. They will communicate with the mysql server on Instance-1 and red5 server on Instance-2 using the internal IP address. As an when required, I will launch another instance of the same EBS - I will have EBS of say 50 GIG where all the mysql data will be stored. Also red5 will use this EBS to store the video messages Load-Balancer - Use the load balancer provided by Amazon to load balance Instance-3 and Instance-4 This is what I have in mind. I could be way off so please bear with me. Also I have not taken into account the case of scaling MySql server as I currently have no idea about how that will be done and whether or not it is necessary initially. I am aware that Amazon provides auto scaling and mysql scaling as well but I dont want to get into that right now. Your feedback is appreciated Thanks

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• Hyper-v and sql server connections for web apps

  - by Rick Ratayczak

  I have a physical machine running win8, and two VMs in hyper-v client: 1 web server, 1 sql server. The web server works fantastic. The sql is the one that is giving me the problem. I can connect to it with server explorer in visual studio or management studio just fine, and it's blazing fast. The problem happens when I use the same connection string I am using in visual studio server explorer in the web.config for an app. data source=VMSQL1;initial catalog=OtherShell;persist security info=True;user id=OtherShell;password=****;network library=dbmssocn;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;App=EntityFramework I made sure it was also using tcp-ip, but it doesn't connect with or without the network library part of the connection string. A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: SQL Network Interfaces, error: 26 - Error Locating Server/Instance Specified) This is driving my batty for the last two days, any ideas? It fails from the web vm too, but works in management studio with the same connection string.

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• SSD not detected on boot up running windows 7, with installed blank hdd

  - by Matt. G

  I have recently built a PC for a friend, after the original system build, which included a 60GB primary SSD and a secondary 1TB HDD. I kept getting blue screens of death and kernel power errors, after investigation it was revealed that a faulty power cable and insufficient thermal paste provided with the included heat sink was the cause. This resolved the problem but after 3 months I received a phone call saying that the PC was not starting at the point of loading the operating system, with an NTLDR error. I had an idea of the cause, and after the user removed the HDD the computer started up with no issues, then I asked him to power off and reattach the HDD, and this completely resolved the issue; beforehand even restarting would not fix it. He does not have a surge protector and I thought that maybe some registry corruption had occurred due to a power surge, this might be a stupid answer though. Any ideas to what occurred with the machine would be most appreciated. No other issues have been found since the initial fault. The PC uses Windows 7 Home Premium installed on the SSD.

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• Httpd and LDAP Authentication not working for sub-pages

  - by DavisTasar

  I just recently installed a Nagios implementation, and I'm trying to get LDAP authentication working for httpd on Red Hat. (nagios.conf for Apache config below, sanitized of course) ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin "/usr/local/nagios/sbin" <Directory "/usr/local/nagios/sbin"> #SSLRequireSSL Options ExecCGI AllowOverride none AuthType Basic AuthName "LDAP Authentication" AuthLDAPURL "ldap://my.domain.controller:389/OU=Users,DC=my,DC=domain,DC=controller?sAMAccountName?sub?(objectClass=user)" NONE AuthzLDAPAuthoritative off AuthLDAPBindDN "CN=NagiosAdmin,DC=my,DC=domain,DC=controller" AuthLDAPBindPassword "myPassword" require valid-user </Directory> Alias /nagios "/usr/local/nagios/share" <Directory /usr/local/nagios/share> #SSLRequireSSL Options None AllowOverride none AuthBasicProvider ldap AuthType Basic AuthName "LDAP Authentication" AuthzLDAPAuthoritative off AuthLDAPURL "ldap://my.domain.controller:389/OU=Users,DC=my,DC=domain,DC=controller?sAMAccountName?sub?(objectClass=user)" NONE AuthLDAPBindDN "CN=NagiosAdmin,DC=my,DC=domain,DC=controller" AuthLDAPBindPassword "myPassword" require valid-user </Directory> Now, the initial authentication works, so when you first hit the page you can log in just fine. However, when you go anywhere else, it prompts you for authentication, fails (asking for a re-prompt), and gives this error message: [Mon Oct 21 14:46:23 2013] [error] [client 172.28.9.30] access to /nagios/cgi-bin/statusmap.cgi failed, reason: verification of user id '<myuseraccount>' not configured, referer: http://<nagiosserver>/nagios/side.php I'm almost certain its a simple flag or option, but I just can't find it, and I don't have a lot of experience working with Apache. Any assistance or help would be greatly appreciated.

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• Certificates in SQL Server 2008

  - by Brandi

  I need to implement SSL for transmissions between my application and Sql Server 2008. I am using Windows 7, Sql Server 2008, Sql Server Management Studio, and my application is written in c#. I was trying to follow the MSDN page on creating certificates and this under 'Encrpyt for a specific client', but I got hopelessly confused. I need some baby steps to get further down the road to implementing encryption successfully. First, I don't understand MMC. I see a lot of certificates in there... are these certificates that I should be using for my own encryption or are these being used for things that already exist? Another thing, I assume all these certificates are files are located on my local computer, so why is there a folder called 'Personal'? Second, to avoid the above issue, I did a little experiment with a self-signed assembly. As shown in the MSDN link above, I used SQL executed in SSMS to create a self-signed certificate. Then I used the following connection string to connect: Data Source=myServer;Initial Catalog=myDatabase;User ID=myUser;Password=myPassword;Encrypt=True;TrustServerCertificate=True It connected, worked. Then I deleted the certificate I'd just created and it still worked. Obviously it was never doing anything, but why not? How would I tell if it's actually "working"? I think I may be missing an intermediate step of (somehow?) getting the file off of SSMS and onto the client? I don't know what I'm doing in the least bit, so any help, advice, comments, references you can give me are much appreciated. Thank you in advance. :)

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• Second CPU missing of Dual Core

  - by Zardoz

  My Lenovo T61 has a dual core CPU. I just noticed that under Ubuntu 10.10 only one CPU is recognized. I know that once both CPUs worked. Not sure since when the second CPU is missing. Maybe since the last kernel update. Currently I am using linux-image-2.6.35-23-generic (for x86_64). What can I do to enable the second CPU again? Here the ouput of /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 23 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU T8100 @ 2.10GHz stepping : 6 cpu MHz : 800.000 cache size : 3072 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 1 core id : 0 cpu cores : 1 apicid : 0 initial apicid : 0 fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 10 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm sse4_1 lahf_lm ida dts tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority bogomips : 4189.99 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management: Any help is welcome. I really need that CPU power for my work here.

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• No network connection for vmware esxi guests

  - by JavaDev

  I'm new to VMware and setting up an Esxi server as a trial with the intention of possibly virtualizing some of our servers in the near future. I have setup ESXi on a Dell poweredge server, and installed a Centos 5.6 and Ubuntu 11.04 guest os on the server. However I cannot get networking on my guest OS's. The host is connected to a network with a DHCP server via a switch and is configured with a static IP. I have the default set-up for networking on the host: both guests are connected to the default vmnic1 adapter via the virtual switch vSwitch0. One thing though, the virtual adapter shows 'Observed IP ranges' to be XXX.XXX.XXX.194-XXX.XXX.XXX.195 (I've blanked out the initial prefixes) i.e just 1 address, even though the network the host is connected to has the usual 255.255.255.0 subnet mask. On the guest machines (using DHCP) by default, I can see an eth0 interface but with no connection or assigned IP address. A physical machine connected to the network gets a DHCP lease as expected. How do I get networking working on my guest OSes? Apologies for the long-winded question.

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• Debian grub2 update removed Windows boot option.

  - by Wrikken

  Since I updated grub to grub 2 I no longer get the option to boot to Windows (which is unfortunately sometimes necessary for proprietary MSIE browser plugins I need to use for work). Relevant /boot/grub/menu.lst portion: ### END DEBIAN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST # This is a divider, added to separate the menu items below from the Debian # ones. title Other operating systems: root # This entry automatically added by the Debian installer for a non-linux OS # on /dev/hda1 title Windows NT/2000/XP root (hd0,0) savedefault makeactive chainloader +1 This however does not appear anymore. I do have some entries in /boot/grub/grub.cfg with entries like these: menuentry 'Debian GNU/Linux, with Linux 2.6.32-5-amd64' --class debian --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set e638c434-4884-412f-a141-2c194f881fae echo 'Loading Linux 2.6.32-5-amd64 ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-amd64 root=UUID=e638c434-4884-412f-a141-2c194f881fae ro quiet echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-5-amd64 } Do I have to alter that file? If so, what is the correct syntax for a Windows boot? If not, what could be the problem?

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• redirecting output from telnet / nc to file in script fails when cron'd

  - by qhartman

  So, I have device on my network which sits there listening on a port for a connection, and when a connection is made it dumps ascii data out. I need to capture that data to a file. I wrote a dead simple shell script that does this: #!/bin/bash #Config Variables. Age is in Days. DATA_ROOT=/root/data FILENAME=data_`date +%F`.dat HOST=device COMPRESS_AGE=3 #Sanity Checks if [ ! -e $DATA_ROOT ] then echo "The directory $DATA_ROOT seems to not exist. Please create it." exit 1 fi if [ -e $DATA_ROOT/$FILENAME ] then echo "You seem to have extracted data already today. Aborting" exit 1 fi #Get Data nc $HOST 2202 > $DATA_ROOT/$FILENAME #Compress old Data find $DATA_ROOT -type f -mtime +$COMPRESS_AGE -exec gzip {} \; exit 0 It works great when I run it by hand, but when I run it from cron, it doesn't capture any of the output. If I replace nc with telnet I see the initial telnet headers about escape sequences and whatnot, but not the data. Ideas? I've tried forcing bash to act like an interactive shell with -i. I've tried redirecting both stderr and stdout. I know it's got to be some silly simple thing, but I'm utterly failing. This is driving me nuts... EDIT I also just noticed that the nc processes from all my previous attempts at this have been siting sleeping, and when I killed them, cron sent me a bunch of non-sensical error messages. At least now I have something to dig into!

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