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• Ubuntu 9.10 and Squid 2.7 Transparent Proxy TCP_DENIED

  - by user38400

  Hi, We've spent the last two days trying to get squid 2.7 to work with ubuntu 9.10. The computer running ubuntu has two network interfaces: eth0 and eth1 with dhcp running on eth1. Both interfaces have static ip's, eth0 is connected to the Internet and eth1 is connected to our LAN. We have followed literally dozens of different tutorials with no success. The tutorial here was the last one we did that actually got us some sort of results: http://www.basicconfig.com/linuxnetwork/setup_ubuntu_squid_proxy_server_beginner_guide. When we try to access a site like seriouswheels.com from the LAN we get the following message on the client machine: ERROR The requested URL could not be retrieved Invalid Request error was encountered while trying to process the request: GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: www.seriouswheels.com Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; en-US) AppleWebKit/532.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/5.0.307.11 Safari/532.9 Cache-Control: max-age=0 Accept: application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,/;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Cookie: __utmz=88947353.1269218405.1.1.utmccn=(direct)|utmcsr=(direct)|utmcmd=(none); __qca=P0-1052556952-1269218405250; __utma=88947353.1027590811.1269218405.1269218405.1269218405.1; __qseg=Q_D Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Some possible problems are: Missing or unknown request method. Missing URL. Missing HTTP Identifier (HTTP/1.0). Request is too large. Content-Length missing for POST or PUT requests. Illegal character in hostname; underscores are not allowed. Your cache administrator is webmaster. Below are all the configuration files: /etc/squid/squid.conf, /etc/network/if-up.d/00-firewall, /etc/network/interfaces, /var/log/squid/access.log. Something somewhere is wrong but we cannot figure out where. Our end goal for all of this is the superimpose content onto every page that a client requests on the LAN. We've been told that squid is the way to do this but at this point in the game we are just trying to get squid setup correctly as our proxy. Thanks in advance. squid.conf acl all src all acl manager proto cache_object acl localhost src 127.0.0.1/32 acl to_localhost dst 127.0.0.0/8 acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/24 acl SSL_ports port 443 # https acl SSL_ports port 563 # snews acl SSL_ports port 873 # rsync acl Safe_ports port 80 # http acl Safe_ports port 21 # ftp acl Safe_ports port 443 # https acl Safe_ports port 70 # gopher acl Safe_ports port 210 # wais acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535 # unregistered ports acl Safe_ports port 280 # http-mgmt acl Safe_ports port 488 # gss-http acl Safe_ports port 591 # filemaker acl Safe_ports port 777 # multiling http acl Safe_ports port 631 # cups acl Safe_ports port 873 # rsync acl Safe_ports port 901 # SWAT acl purge method PURGE acl CONNECT method CONNECT http_access allow manager localhost http_access deny manager http_access allow purge localhost http_access deny purge http_access deny !Safe_ports http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports http_access allow localhost http_access allow localnet http_access deny all icp_access allow localnet icp_access deny all http_port 3128 hierarchy_stoplist cgi-bin ? cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid/cache1 1000 16 256 access_log /var/log/squid/access.log squid refresh_pattern ^ftp: 1440 20% 10080 refresh_pattern ^gopher: 1440 0% 1440 refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0 0% 0 refresh_pattern (Release|Package(.gz)*)$ 0 20% 2880 refresh_pattern . 0 20% 4320 acl shoutcast rep_header X-HTTP09-First-Line ^ICY.[0-9] upgrade_http0.9 deny shoutcast acl apache rep_header Server ^Apache broken_vary_encoding allow apache extension_methods REPORT MERGE MKACTIVITY CHECKOUT cache_mgr webmaster cache_effective_user proxy cache_effective_group proxy hosts_file /etc/hosts coredump_dir /var/spool/squid access.log 1269243042.740 0 192.168.1.11 TCP_DENIED/400 2576 GET NONE:// - NONE/- text/html 00-firewall iptables -F iptables -t nat -F iptables -t mangle -F iptables -X echo 1 | tee /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 3128 networking auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 142.104.109.179 netmask 255.255.224.0 gateway 142.104.127.254 auto eth1 iface eth1 inet static address 192.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0

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• Apache outputs all urls of a second domain as a subfolder of the primary domain name

  - by s_rathbone

  Hi all, would anyone be able to possibly give me some guidance.. Basically, i have a 'shared hosting' account with a large internet hosting provider, and my account lets me have multiple seperate domains within this folder structure.(note: not aliased domains and not sub domains). so, my goal is to have 2 domains set up. i have already purchased the two domain names i need: The first domain is the 'primary' domain name for the root folder(eg. www.example1.com) and the second domain name is set for one of its sub folders(eg. www.example2.com is set to the folder www.example1.com/sites/music). The problem is that when apache returns a page of the second domain back to the browser, apache writes the hyperlinks as if it's a sub folder of the first domain ( eg. www.example2.com/index.html. comes out as http://www.example1.com/sites/music/index.html). Now, I have done some reading on this, looking though "Apache: the definitive guide"(o'reilly), and although it was useful, couldn't really find the answer. i'm guessing this issue is most likely an apache setup issue in http.conf, rather than an issue with the hosting company itself (which is why im posting it here) and I have also been to the official documentation for apache site, and i am guessing i might need to use something like the rewritebase directive in htaccess files.. but im really not sure, im more of a java programmer guy, and have been struggling with this for a couple of days. Any guidance would be REALLY appreciated. If it helps, my hosting company is godaddy, and my sites are hosted on linux. My problem was originally with wordpress which i reinstalled a number of times in various ways to correct the problem, but ive just done a test with a very simple static html, and it still has the same issue with relative urls like this: <html> <head></head><body><a href="images/dog.html">Pictures of Dogs</a></body> </html> However, it is fine if i hardcode the urls like this: <html> <head></head><body><a href="http://www.example2.com/images/dog.html">Pictures of Dogs</a></body> </html> Thanks heaps, Steve R NOW FIXED Ok, the problem has now been fixed, and i didn't need to modify any .conf or .htaccess files. The problem was, that when I went to install the second application into a second domain from the godaddy site, one of the setup questions is that it asks you which site you want it installed to. after that it asks for the desired folder path. However, the problem was that the second domain name was already pointing to the correct subfolder of the primary domain. So when I started installing wordpress again and came to the menu to select which site it was for, and it listed only the primary domain as an option, i assumed that this was like a label of "which hosting account?", or "which primary domain will your application will be installed under?" because I already knew that in the next step i was specifiying the folder. In order to correct this, you must make sure that your second domain is added to your domain list so that it will be listed as an option during the installation process. For further details please read tystips.com/archives/52/how2-save-money-host-multiple-wordpress-blogs-on-a-single-godaddy-hosting-account/

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• rpm rollback ignoring rpms - no error output

  - by John H

  Issue rpm rollback is not working with a set of repackaged rpms created in the last couple days, but does work with more recent ones. [root@host1 repackage]# ls -l zsh-4.2.6-* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1788283 Apr 10 2011 zsh-4.2.6-3.el5.i386.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1788691 Aug 18 04:38 zsh-4.2.6-5.el5.i386.rpm [root@host1 repackage]# rpm -q zsh zsh-4.2.6-6.el5 [root@host1 repackage]# rpm --test -Uvh --rollback 'Aug 18 01:00' [root@host1 repackage]# rpm -e zsh [root@host1 repackage]# [root@host1 repackage]# ls -l zsh* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1788283 Apr 10 2011 zsh-4.2.6-3.el5.i386.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1788691 Aug 18 04:38 zsh-4.2.6-5.el5.i386.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1789064 Aug 20 09:06 zsh-4.2.6-6.el5.i386.rpm [root@host1 repackage]# cp zsh-4.2.6-6.el5.i386.rpm /tmp [root@host1 repackage]# rpm --test -Uvh --rollback 'Aug 18 01:00' Rollback packages (+1/-0) to Mon Aug 20 09:02:16 2012 (0x50323558): Preparing... ########################################### [100%] Cleaning up repackaged packages: Removing /var/spool/repackage/zsh-4.2.6-6.el5.i386.rpm: [root@host1 repackage]# ls -l zsh-4.2.6-* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1788283 Apr 10 2011 zsh-4.2.6-3.el5.i386.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1788691 Aug 18 04:38 zsh-4.2.6-5.el5.i386.rpm [root@host1 repackage]# cp /tmp/zsh-4.2.6-6.el5.i386.rpm . [root@host1 repackage]# rpm -Uvh --rollback 'Aug 18 01:00' Rollback packages (+1/-0) to Mon Aug 20 09:06:05 2012 (0x5032363d): Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:zsh ########################################### [ 50%] Cleaning up repackaged packages: Removing /var/spool/repackage/zsh-4.2.6-6.el5.i386.rpm: [root@host1 repackage]# rpm --test -Uvh --rollback 'April 9' [root@host1 repackage]# Now, if I run my test commands with -Uvvh I get debug messages to stderror which shows me that rpm reads each of the rpm files in /var/spool/repackage. The only interesting bit is the "expected size" but after searching, the expected size should be different, as it records the files as they are on the filesystem. D: opening db environment /var/lib/rpm/Packages joinenv D: opening db index /var/lib/rpm/Packages rdonly mode=0x0 D: locked db index /var/lib/rpm/Packages D: opening db index /var/lib/rpm/Installtid rdonly mode=0x0 D: opening db index /var/lib/rpm/Pubkeys rdonly mode=0x0 D: read h# 769 Header sanity check: OK D: ========== DSA pubkey id 53268101 37017186 (h#769) D: read h# 32 Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 37017186 D: read h# 40 Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 37017186 ... D: read h# 1753 Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 37017186 D: Expected size: 3628918 = lead(96)+sigs(344)+pad(0)+data(3628478) D: Actual size: 3583695 D: /var/spool/repackage/Deployment_Guide-en-US-5.2-11.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 37017186 D: Expected size: 1100789 = lead(96)+sigs(344)+pad(0)+data(1100349) D: Actual size: 1109281 D: /var/spool/repackage/NetworkManager-0.7.0-10.el5_5.2.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 37017186 D: Expected size: 1098167 = lead(96)+sigs(344)+pad(0)+data(1097727) D: Actual size: 1106179 D: /var/spool/repackage/NetworkManager-0.7.0-9.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 37017186 D: Expected size: 84351 = lead(96)+sigs(344)+pad(0)+data(83911) D: Actual size: 85378 ... D: Expected size: 1788276 = lead(96)+sigs(344)+pad(0)+data(1787836) D: Actual size: 1788691 D: /var/spool/repackage/zsh-4.2.6-5.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 37017186 D: --- erase h#1758 D: closed db index /var/lib/rpm/Pubkeys D: closed db index /var/lib/rpm/Installtid D: closed db index /var/lib/rpm/Packages D: closed db environment /var/lib/rpm/Packages D: May free Score board((nil)) I am able to copy these rpms out of the repackage directory and if I run them through cpio, extract the files. I also tried backing up and rebuilding the rpm database - no change. System Information: RHEL 5.8 rpm 4.4.2.3 /etc/yum.conf tsflags=repackage /etc/rpm/macros %_repackage_all_erasures 1

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• Graphics card initialisation problems when booting - requires a "double" boot

  - by DMA57361

  Problem Outline When booting from cold (and my machine is disconnected from main power when off, but leaving it connected doesn't help) the graphics card (single PCI-e card GeForce 460) will not initialise on the first boot, leaving me with the motherboards on-board graphics (which kick in automatically if no PCI-e card is found). However, if I restart the computer - normally I do this by powering it off just after the numlock lights up on the keyboard (ie, just after POST/BIOS and before Windows takes over), wait for the system to whirr down, and power up again - the graphics card will work correctly. Once double-booted in this matter the system seems to work correctly - with no noticeable problems. This is reproducible every time I try to boot - it has been working like this for about a month now. Background Information Sept 2010 - I suffered a hardware malfunction (crashes in Windows and graphics corruption on BIOS screens). By way of spare hardware I determined that replacing the PSU removed the issue, so I replaced the PSU with a brand new one of slightly higher power (460W replaced with 500W). Oct 2010 - The problem resurfaced. I purchased a new graphics card (GeForce 460), which removed the problem. The new graphics card immediately started having the boot initialisation problems mentioned. I presumed there was a motherboard fault all along, but because the system worked once booted, and I was temporarily out of spare money, I left the system alone and continued to use it. Early/Mid Dec 2010 - In the space of 5 days I recieved 3 instances of hard drive corruption (seemlingly fixed by chkdsk and sfc in each case...). Since I was already under the impression the motherboard was faulty, I purchased a new one ASAP, this also required new RAM (as I dropped from 4 slots to 2 and didn't want to drop mem quantity). Past 3-4 weeks - With a brand new PSU, Graphics Card, Motherboard and RAM I'm suffering the problem outlined above. So, what could be causing this and how do I can resolve it? Additional Notes Once double-booted the system seems to work entirely correctly. The graphics card problem has occured on two entirely different motherboards. I do not have the opportunity to test the graphics card in a different computer (I've only the old motherboard, which is dubious, or a really old desktop that still has an AGP port). Under load (ie, modern games for long enough for temperatures to plateau) the system remains stable and performs as expected. The software that came with the new motherboard and SpeenFan both report all voltages and temperatures are within nominal bounds, when idle and when under load. I've looking over the BIOS settings for my motherboard multiple times and can find nothing that helps. This system is configured to run with everything at standard levels - no overclocking. I've tried booting the system with only the mobo and graphics card connected (thinking maybe my new PSU was too weak for the new gfx card, even though it meets the quoted PSU requirements for the card) but the same problem persists (and really if the PSU was weak I'd have problems with the system under load). When the gfx card does not initialise the fan on its cooling unit is running, possibly slower than otherwise - but this measurement is by eye and so unreliable.

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• Low load average with plenty of cpu-intersive processes

  - by sds

  I see loadavg at about 1 with at least 3 processes running at full tile. How can that be? top - 11:48:32 up 147 days, 5:38, 8 users, load average: 1.08, 1.11, 1.05 Tasks: 416 total, 4 running, 410 sleeping, 2 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu0 : 43.3%us, 13.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 43.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Cpu1 : 48.8%us, 12.4%sy, 0.0%ni, 38.8%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Cpu2 : 0.7%us, 0.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 98.3%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.3%si, 0.0%st Cpu3 : 99.3%us, 0.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 0.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Cpu4 : 0.0%us, 0.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.7%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Cpu5 : 5.7%us, 0.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 93.6%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Cpu6 : 2.3%us, 0.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 97.4%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Cpu7 : 0.3%us, 0.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.3%si, 0.0%st Cpu8 : 38.4%us, 17.4%sy, 0.0%ni, 44.2%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Cpu9 : 43.4%us, 13.5%sy, 0.0%ni, 43.1%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Cpu10 : 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Cpu11 : 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Cpu12 : 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Cpu13 : 0.3%us, 0.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.3%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Cpu14 : 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Cpu15 : 1.0%us, 0.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 98.3%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 132145404k total, 88125080k used, 44020324k free, 516476k buffers Swap: 8388600k total, 620232k used, 7768368k free, 55729064k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 25424 jonathan 20 0 4404m 4.1g 3268 R 99.7 3.3 212:58.17 python2.7 20939 sam 20 0 908m 733m 3376 R 81.2 0.6 603:08.07 python2.7 20987 sam 20 0 908m 732m 3376 R 79.8 0.6 598:49.18 python2.7 25428 jonathan 20 0 774m 164m 15m S 14.2 0.1 24:22.60 java 20996 sam 20 0 98.4m 7780 1880 S 4.3 0.0 17:48.15 vw 20941 sam 20 0 161m 70m 1880 S 3.0 0.1 18:10.03 vw 20940 sam 20 0 98.4m 8068 1880 S 2.6 0.0 18:06.28 vw 20942 sam 20 0 98.4m 8080 1880 S 2.6 0.0 17:39.45 vw 20944 sam 20 0 161m 71m 1880 S 2.6 0.1 17:29.29 vw 20947 sam 20 0 161m 71m 1880 S 2.6 0.1 17:25.58 vw 20959 sam 20 0 161m 70m 1880 S 2.6 0.1 17:28.00 vw 20962 sam 20 0 161m 70m 1880 S 2.6 0.1 17:26.96 vw 20963 sam 20 0 98.4m 8076 1880 S 2.6 0.0 18:07.19 vw 20965 sam 20 0 161m 71m 1880 S 2.6 0.1 18:08.13 vw 20995 sam 20 0 161m 71m 1880 S 2.6 0.1 17:38.67 vw 6399 root 20 0 558m 19m 5028 S 2.3 0.0 4329:56 BESClient 20945 sam 20 0 98.4m 8068 1880 S 2.3 0.0 17:35.38 vw 20948 sam 20 0 98.4m 8068 1880 S 2.3 0.0 17:26.01 vw 20950 sam 20 0 161m 70m 1880 S 2.3 0.1 17:25.79 vw 20952 sam 20 0 98.4m 8076 1880 S 2.3 0.0 17:32.94 vw 20955 sam 20 0 161m 70m 1880 S 2.3 0.1 17:26.61 vw 20956 sam 20 0 98.4m 8072 1880 S 2.3 0.0 17:34.76 vw 20960 sam 20 0 98.4m 8072 1880 S 2.3 0.0 17:34.04 vw Adding up CPU loads gives about 300%. The top process list also adds up to about 300%. Why is load average about 1?

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• Munin not creating HTML files in Ubuntu Server 14.04

  - by lepe

  I have used munin in several servers and this is the first time is taking me so much time to set it up. When I telnet munin directly, I can list the services, there is no error at the logs and munin its being updated every 5 minutes. However no html files are created. I'm using the default location (/var/cache/munin/www) and I can confirm the permissions of that directory are set to munin.munin (IP and domain has been changed) munin.conf: dbdir /var/lib/munin htmldir /var/cache/munin/www logdir /var/log/munin rundir /var/run/munin [example.com;] address 100.100.50.200 munin-node.conf: log_level 4 log_file /var/log/munin/munin-node.log pid_file /var/run/munin/munin-node.pid background 1 setsid 1 user root group root host_name example.com allow ^127\.0\.0\.1$ allow ^100\.100\.50\.200$ allow ^::1$ /etc/hosts : 100.100.50.200 example.com 127.0.0.1 localhost $ telnet example.com 4949 Trying 100.100.50.200... Connected to example.com. Escape character is '^]'. # munin node at example.com list apache_accesses apache_processes apache_volume cpu cpuspeed df df_inode entropy fail2ban forks fw_packets if_err_eth0 if_err_eth1 if_eth0 if_eth1 interrupts ipmi_fans ipmi_power ipmi_temp irqstats load memory munin_stats mysql_bin_relay_log mysql_commands mysql_connections mysql_files_tables mysql_innodb_bpool mysql_innodb_bpool_act mysql_innodb_insert_buf mysql_innodb_io mysql_innodb_io_pend mysql_innodb_log mysql_innodb_rows mysql_innodb_semaphores mysql_innodb_tnx mysql_myisam_indexes mysql_network_traffic mysql_qcache mysql_qcache_mem mysql_replication mysql_select_types mysql_slow mysql_sorts mysql_table_locks mysql_tmp_tables ntp_2001:e40:100:208::123 ntp_91.189.94.4 ntp_kernel_err ntp_kernel_pll_freq ntp_kernel_pll_off ntp_offset ntp_states open_files open_inodes postfix_mailqueue postfix_mailvolume proc_pri processes swap threads uptime users vmstat fetch df _dev_sda3.value 2.1762874086869 _sys_fs_cgroup.value 0 _run.value 0.0503536980635825 _run_lock.value 0 _run_shm.value 0 _run_user.value 0 _dev_sda5.value 0.0176986285727571 _dev_sda8.value 1.08464646179852 _dev_sda7.value 0.0346633563514803 _dev_sda9.value 6.81031810822797 _dev_sda6.value 9.0932802215469 . /var/log/munin/munin-node.log Process Backgrounded 2014/08/16-14:13:36 Munin::Node::Server (type Net::Server::Fork) starting! pid(19610) Binding to TCP port 4949 on host 100.100.50.200 with IPv4 2014/08/16-14:23:11 CONNECT TCP Peer: "[100.100.50.200]:55949" Local: "[100.100.50.200]:4949" 2014/08/16-14:36:16 CONNECT TCP Peer: "[100.100.50.200]:56209" Local: "[100.100.50.200]:4949" /var/log/munin/munin-update.log ... 2014/08/16 14:30:01 [INFO]: Starting munin-update 2014/08/16 14:30:01 [INFO]: Munin-update finished (0.00 sec) 2014/08/16 14:35:02 [INFO]: Starting munin-update 2014/08/16 14:35:02 [INFO]: Munin-update finished (0.00 sec) 2014/08/16 14:40:01 [INFO]: Starting munin-update 2014/08/16 14:40:01 [INFO]: Munin-update finished (0.00 sec) $ ls -la /var/cache/munin/www/ drwxr-xr-x 3 munin munin 19 Aug 16 13:55 . drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 16 Aug 16 13:54 .. drwxr-xr-x 2 munin munin 4096 Aug 16 13:55 static Any ideas on why it is not working? EDIT This is how /var/log/munin/ log looks like after some days: -rw-r----- 1 www-data 0 Aug 16 13:54 munin-cgi-graph.log -rw-r----- 1 www-data 0 Aug 16 13:54 munin-cgi-html.log -rw-rw-r-- 1 munin 0 Aug 16 13:55 munin-html.log -rw-r----- 1 munin 0 Aug 19 06:18 munin-limits.log -rw-r----- 1 munin 15K Aug 18 14:10 munin-limits.log.1 -rw-r----- 1 munin 1.8K Aug 18 06:15 munin-limits.log.2.gz -rw-rw-r-- 1 munin 1.3K Aug 17 06:15 munin-limits.log.3.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root 6.5K Aug 16 13:55 munin-node-configure.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root 0 Aug 17 06:18 munin-node.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root 420 Aug 16 14:52 munin-node.log.1.gz -rw-r----- 1 munin 0 Aug 19 06:18 munin-update.log -rw-r----- 1 munin 11K Aug 18 14:10 munin-update.log.1 -rw-r----- 1 munin 1.6K Aug 18 06:15 munin-update.log.2.gz -rw-rw-r-- 1 munin 1.5K Aug 17 06:15 munin-update.log.3.gz

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• Netgear VPN endpoint drops connectivity to single IP address

  - by Justin Bowers

  I'm having a strange issue with one of the networks I manage recently. We have about 14 different networks connected together through a Netgear hardware VPN. Everything has been running fine (other than standard connectivity problems) for a few years now, but I've hit a wall with a problem that's just cropped up at one of the VPN endpoint locations. Our primary VPN network is on the 192.168.1.0/24 subnet and our other 13 networks are on the 192.168.2.0/24 - 192.168.14.0/24 subnets. We run a terminal server on the 192.168.1.0/24 network with IP address 192.168.1.100. Starting Thursday of last week, we had a problem with connectivity of the 192.168.2.0/24 network to 192.168.1.100. When troubleshooting the problem, I found that Network 2 (192.168.2.0/24) still had connectivity to the Internet as well as VPN connectivity to Network 1 (192.168.1.0/24). We could ping and connect to any other device other than the server with IP address 192.168.1.100. Also, none of our networks had an issue accessing 192.168.1.100. I ran a scan on Network 2 after assigning static IP addresses to one of the workstations but received no response from 192.168.1.100 (looking for possibly a new device that someone had plugged into Network 2 that had a duplicate IP address with the server). Asking the staff, noone had reported connecting a new device to Network 2 as well. I then assigned a secondary IP address of 192.168.1.88 to the server and could ping and connect to the secondary IP address from Network 2, but still couldn't access it via 192.168.1.100. I then just rebooted the Netgear VPN Firewall (FVS318v3) and after it came back up, connectivity to 192.168.1.100 was restored. Beforehand, when checking for devices with a possible duplicate IP address, I did run a check for available wireless access points and stations and found none (our wireless is secured via MAC address access control through a WG102 device). I thought that it may have been a fluke for some reason since everything came back up after a power cycle of the VPN Firewall. Things ran fine for a few days until this afternoon, when the problem happened again. One of our users claimed that they had connectivity problems to the server and after connecting to the computer, I found that I couldn't ping the server address anymore. I could still ping the alternate IP address of the server though, so I went ahead and rebooted the VPN firewall again and connectivity was restored. Unfortunately, I can't find anything in the security or VPN logs of the firewall that helps point me in the right direction, so I thought I would go ahead and ask to see if anyone else has any other insight into why we've started having this problem. I am aware that it could still be a device with a duplicate IP address of the server on Network 2, but every employee claim states that there's been no such new device brought in to the network. I know this is a long read, but any help is appreciated! Thanks, Justin

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• What is wrong in my DKIM setup? I'm getting all fails

  - by djechelon

  I own a domain name I have implemented SPF and DKIM to avoid my mails being junked. I have also upgraded to DMARC in monitor mode. Since I received a few failure reports recently I wanted to investigate more. I have only one server sending outbound emails, running postfix + dkimproxy. I trust that dkimproxy has no major software bugs resulting in bad messages. I have tested ReturnPath's automated DKIM test and this is the part related to DKIM/DomainKeys DKIM Results ============ Result = failed: invalid key for signature: Syntax error in tag: \"v Domain = domain.org Selector = sel DNS Record(s) = sel._domainkey.domain.org TXT "v=1; p=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; t=s" Public Key Length = 4096 DomainKeys Results ================== Domain = domain.org Selector = sel DNS Record(s) = sel._domainkey.domain.org TXT "v=1; p=MIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEAsMMLhxzXkU+tagc44oMi7eX2BsFb8BsWeT8MRL+hxi4Lsosx7tuPm90iYgilNteyJoXuSP5SUf8B2tDAifdzYQhfhctr0hX9b6ocBCukGq5p0GHpNsCPWyFvxZsCkGqLRmkfb0c36quEAWBeQLe4Z/BwXBBiW1g96WFNb2/GRI1+9OHhligdfuo4PPuU+xiwX4GB0Ik50cJL4xTdBf7lrFwoGYa03ZkXuzKxeGE4cTk50OeIs6eqrzAfbmej4nCex2qGOUt1TWI7ZvCY7u3Gxj+XKaE7VFrQACZof+NP0k2pXPHg9saGJqZrr2i6+RoxGD0w/ibjAWij9enwqlnv2ORsZfe+FmXNOLJAhlYvhHaruubDpte1c7V3ZKDceM45ZawnVmSdLCfBrMbsqipzy8NXN5MxuANYFBkx5EDT+Ieab+zqcnf08m9bgDc4RXMYppDT1/lUy6On+nyfZEnJWiH3BUtgxS8X0uXciXbsooTmPnpkzzvvKXAE/Tv3XqL90q51geqP0EmaZI6lRTpiqoX7zFGlEBiiF7/u8oheszATks8LsNZ/boTFy0OVldbYNhxlIuRmqeXkqD6+kM5ObKtMEv3AdaeBiZmvyJTP8tCsSmPt+e954RLlz2HaDjjNnZNgsj/39U2RzZsFbVqW6uyQh36/y1X4joOiPf366GkCAwEAAQ==; t=s" The mail displays an anonymised DNS record with genuine public key. It reports an error in tag v. A few hours ago I noticed my v tag was v=DKIM1 instead of v=1 as specified in RFC. I thought it was an error made by me during the initial setup months ago and fixed to v=1, but anyway I received one DMARC success from Google. Let me explain better: I enforced DMARC a couple of days ago. On 4/16 morning I got a mail from Google telling me that DMARC fully passes, then since 4/17 I get all failures. Then I discovered the v=DKIM1 tag and replaced with v=1 without success I have not modified my DNS records before that. So, keeping in topic with the question, why does ReturnPath refuse my DKIM DNS record? Is something wrong in my DKIM implementation at DNS level? [Add] I have just tried port25.com's tester but at least DKIM passes ---------------------------------------------------------- DomainKeys check details: ---------------------------------------------------------- Result: permerror (DK_STAT_BADKEY: Unusable key, public if verifying, private if signing.) ID(s) verified: header.From=########### DNS record(s): sel._domainkey.domain.org. 1800 IN TXT ""v=1; p=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; t=s"" ---------------------------------------------------------- DKIM check details: ---------------------------------------------------------- Result: pass (matches From: #########) ID(s) verified: header.d=domain.org Canonicalized Headers: message-id:<[email protected]>'0D''0A' date:Thu,'20'18'20'Apr'20'2013'20'11:40:26'20'+0200'0D''0A' from:#############'0D''0A' mime-version:1.0'0D''0A' to:[email protected]'0D''0A' subject:Test'0D''0A' content-type:text/plain;'20'charset=ISO-8859-15;'20'format=flowed'0D''0A' content-transfer-encoding:7bit'0D''0A' dkim-signature:v=1;'20'a=rsa-sha1;'20'c=relaxed;'20'd=domain.org;'20'h='20'message-id:date:from:mime-version:to:subject:content-type'20':content-transfer-encoding;'20's=dom;'20'bh=uoq1oCgLlTqpdDX/iUbLy7J1Wi'20'c=;'20'b= Canonicalized Body: '0D''0A' DNS record(s): sel._domainkey.domain.org. 1800 IN TXT ""v=1; p=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; t=s"" Public key used for verification: sel._domainkey.domain.org (4096 bits)

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• Where's the Swap File/Partition?

  - by chrisbunney

  I'm investigating the virtual memory configuration of a Debian based Amazon EC2 instance, and as my background isn't in system admin, I'm slightly confused by what I'm seeing. We're using MongoDB, and the monitoring server we have indicates that the Mongo process is using about 20GB of swap space, however I can't figure out where this is located on the server. As far as I can tell from using the various suggested methods from Google, there is either a much smaller amount, or none at all. top indicates that there is 1.8GB of swap memory: top - 15:35:21 up 6 days, 3:23, 1 user, load average: 1.60, 1.43, 1.37 Tasks: 47 total, 2 running, 45 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 1.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 14.7%id, 83.8%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.1%st Mem: 3928924k total, 2855572k used, 1073352k free, 640564k buffers Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 1887788k cached swapon -s doesn't seem to think there's any swap space: Filename Type Size Used Priority free -m doesn't think there's any swap either: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3836 3663 172 0 626 2701 -/+ buffers/cache: 336 3500 Swap: 0 0 0 And neither does vmstat: procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ----cpu---- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa 0 3 0 66224 641372 2874744 0 0 21 5012 21 33 2 2 76 19 But cat /etc/fstab thinks there is a swap partition: /dev/xvda1 / ext3 defaults 1 1 /dev/xvda2 /mnt ext3 defaults 0 0 /dev/xvda3 swap swap defaults 0 0 none /proc proc defaults 0 0 none /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 However df -k gives no indication of the xvda3 partition: Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 16513960 15675324 0 100% / tmpfs 1964460 8 1964452 1% /lib/init/rw udev 1914148 28 1914120 1% /dev tmpfs 1964460 4 1964456 1% /dev/shm So I really don't know what to make of this, because I appear to have a process using about 10 times more virtual memory than what might be available, and I have no idea where this virtual memory is on the system. I'm probably misinterpreting the output of the tools, so I'd be grateful if someone would be able to set me straight: What have I got wrong, what's the right interpretation, and how do you reach that interpretation? EDIT0: We use 10gen's MMS for monitoring the database, the relevant section for memory from the last data point is: "mem": { "virtual": 20749, "bits": 64, "supported": true, "mappedWithJournal": 20376, "mapped": 10188, "resident": 1219 }, This JSON is specific to the database process (I believe) rather than the system as a whole. fdisk -l /dev/xvda outputs... nothing? I tried each of the 3 xvda entries in /etc/fstab as well: root@ip:~# fdisk -l /dev/xvda1 Disk /dev/xvda1: 34.4 GB, 34359738368 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4177 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/xvda1 doesn't contain a valid partition table root@ip:~# fdisk -l /dev/xvda2 root@ip:~# fdisk -l /dev/xvda3 root@ip:~# Edit1: Output of cat /proc/meminfo for the sake of completeness: MemTotal: 3928924 kB MemFree: 726600 kB Buffers: 648368 kB Cached: 2216556 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 1945100 kB Inactive: 994016 kB Active(anon): 60476 kB Inactive(anon): 12952 kB Active(file): 1884624 kB Inactive(file): 981064 kB Unevictable: 0 kB Mlocked: 0 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Dirty: 387180 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 73380 kB Mapped: 1188260 kB Shmem: 48 kB Slab: 149768 kB SReclaimable: 146076 kB SUnreclaim: 3692 kB KernelStack: 1104 kB PageTables: 16096 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 1964460 kB Committed_AS: 305572 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 16760 kB VmallocChunk: 34359721448 kB HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB DirectMap4k: 3932160 kB DirectMap2M: 0 kB

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• Making sense of S.M.A.R.T

  - by James

  First of all, I think everyone knows that hard drives fail a lot more than the manufacturers would like to admit. Google did a study that indicates that certain raw data attributes that the S.M.A.R.T status of hard drives reports can have a strong correlation with the future failure of the drive. We find, for example, that after their first scan error, drives are 39 times more likely to fail within 60 days than drives with no such errors. First errors in re- allocations, offline reallocations, and probational counts are also strongly correlated to higher failure probabil- ities. Despite those strong correlations, we find that failure prediction models based on SMART parameters alone are likely to be severely limited in their prediction accuracy, given that a large fraction of our failed drives have shown no SMART error signals whatsoever. Seagate seems like it is trying to obscure this information about their drives by claiming that only their software can accurately determine the accurate status of their drive and by the way their software will not tell you the raw data values for the S.M.A.R.T attributes. Western digital has made no such claim to my knowledge but their status reporting tool does not appear to report raw data values either. I've been using HDtune and smartctl from smartmontools in order to gather the raw data values for each attribute. I've found that indeed... I am comparing apples to oranges when it comes to certain attributes. I've found for example that most Seagate drives will report that they have many millions of read errors while western digital 99% of the time shows 0 for read errors. I've also found that Seagate will report many millions of seek errors while Western Digital always seems to report 0. Now for my question. How do I normalize this data? Is Seagate producing millions of errors while Western digital is producing none? Wikipedia's article on S.M.A.R.T status says that manufacturers have different ways of reporting this data. Here is my hypothesis: I think I found a way to normalize (is that the right term?) the data. Seagate drives have an additional attribute that Western Digital drives do not have (Hardware ECC Recovered). When you subtract the Read error count from the ECC Recovered count, you'll probably end up with 0. This seems to be equivalent to Western Digitals reported "Read Error" count. This means that Western Digital only reports read errors that it cannot correct while Seagate counts up all read errors and tells you how many of those it was able to fix. I had a Seagate drive where the ECC Recovered count was less than the Read error count and I noticed that many of my files were becoming corrupt. This is how I came up with my hypothesis. The millions of seek errors that Seagate produces are still a mystery to me. Please confirm or correct my hypothesis if you have additional information. Here is the smart status of my western digital drive just so you can see what I'm talking about: james@ubuntu:~$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/sda smartctl version 5.38 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/ === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Device Model: WDC WD1001FALS-00E3A0 Serial Number: WD-WCATR0258512 Firmware Version: 05.01D05 User Capacity: 1,000,204,886,016 bytes Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall] ATA Version is: 8 ATA Standard is: Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated Local Time is: Thu Jun 10 19:52:28 2010 PDT SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 0 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 179 175 021 Pre-fail Always - 4033 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 270 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 098 098 000 Old_age Always - 1468 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 262 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 46 193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 223 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 105 102 000 Old_age Always - 42 196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0

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• Weird Network Behavior of Home Router

  - by Stilgar

  First of all I would like to apologize because what you are going to read will be long and confusing but I am fighting this issue for 3 days now and am out of ideas. At home I have the following setup 50Mbps Internet connects into a home router A 2 desktop computers connect to router A via standard FTP LAN cables including one where the cable is ~20m long. a second router B connects to router A via standard FTP LAN cable X (~20m long). several devices connect to the wireless network of router B and there are a couple of desktop computers connected to it through FTP LAN cables. For some reason computers connected to router B when it is connected via cable X have very slow Internet connection. It is like 5 times slower than what is expected. This is the actual problem I am trying to solve. Interesting facts If a computer is connected to cable X directly instead of through router B the Internet speed is just fine (up to the 50Mbps I get from the ISP). Tested with two computers. I have tried replacing router B with another router C and the problem persists. If I connect router B via another cable to the same ports with the same settings everything seems to work fine and computers connected to router B have quite fast Internet I have tested mainly via Speedtest.net but I have also achieved similar speeds when downloading a file The upload speed is quite higher than the download speed in all cases. Note that my ISP usually has higher upload speed (unless it manages to hit the 50Mbps cap) It seems like the speed when connecting through router B with cable X is reduced 4-5 times no matter what the original speed is. For example via router B I get 10Mbps speed to local servers where I get 50Mbps when connected on router A. If I use a distant server where the ISP is only able to provide 25Mbps I get 4-5Mbps on router B. WiFi is slower than LAN on both routers (which is normal) but the reduced speed is reduced proportionally for WiFi. In addition the upload speed is normally higher from the ISP and it is also reduced proportionally. I have tried two different network configurations. One where I have NAT behind NAT where router B connects to router A via the WAN port and has its own DHCP. Second where router B connects to router A via standard LAN port and has DHCP disabled. In this configuration router B serves as a switch and the Network Gateway for computers connected to router B is the internal IP address of router A. Both configurations work just fine but both manifest the reduced speed issue. pings seem to work just fine As far as I can tell none of the cables is crossed The RJ45 setup for cable X orange orange-white brown brow-white blue blue-white green green-white This is a big problem for me since cable X passes through walls and floors and is very hard to replace. I also may have gotten some of the facts wrong because I am almost going crazy with this issue and testing includes going several floors up and down the staircase. One hypothesis I came up with is that the cable is defective in such a way that the voltage from the router affects its performance. When it is connected to a computer it performs just fine but the router has less power. Related hypothesis includes the cable being affected by electricity cables in the walls when the voltage is low. (I know nothing about electricity) So any ideas what to do, what to test or what the issue may be?

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• Active Directory Time Synchronisation - Time-Service Event ID 50

  - by George

  I have an Active Directory domain with two DCs. The first DC in the forest/domain is Server 2012, the second is 2008 R2. The first DC holds the PDC Emulator role. I sporadically receive a warning from the Time-Service source, event ID 50: The time service detected a time difference of greater than %1 milliseconds for %2 seconds. The time difference might be caused by synchronization with low-accuracy time sources or by suboptimal network conditions. The time service is no longer synchronized and cannot provide the time to other clients or update the system clock. When a valid time stamp is received from a time service provider, the time service will correct itself. Time sync in the domain is configured with the second DC to synchronise using the /syncfromflags:DOMHIER flag. The first DC is configured to sync time using a /syncfromflags:MANUAL /reliable:YES, from a peerlist consisting of a number of UK based stratum 2 servers, such as ntp2d.mcc.ac.uk. I'm confused why I receive this event warning. It implies that my PDC emulator cannot synchronise time with a supposedly reliable external time source, and it quotes a time difference of 5 seconds for 900 seconds. It's worth also mentioning that I used to use a UK pool from ntp.org but I would receive the warning much more often. Since updating to a number of UK based academic time servers, it seems to be more reliable. Can someone with more experience shed some light on this - perhaps it is purely transient? Should I disregard the warning? Is my configuration sound? EDIT: I should add that the DCs are virtual, and installed on two separate VMware ESXi/vSphere physical hosts. I can also confirm that as per MDMarra's comment and best practice, VMware timesync is disabled, since: c:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Tools\VMwareToolboxCmd.exe timesync status returns Disabled. EDIT 2 Some strange new issue has cropped up. I've noticed a pattern. Originally, the event ID 50 warnings would occur at about 1230pm each day. This is interesting since our veeam backup happens at 12 midday. Since I made the changes discussed here, I now receive an event ID 51 instead of 50. The new warning says that: The time sample received from peer server.ac.uk differs from the local time by -40 seconds (Or approximately 40 seconds). This has happened two days in a row. Now I'm even more confused. Obviously the time never updates until I manually intervene. The issue seems to be related to virtualisation and veeam. Something may be occuring when veeam is backing up the PDCe. Any suggestions? UPDATE & SUMMARY msemack's excellent list of resources below (the accepted answer) provided enough information to correctly configure the time service in the domain. This should be the first port of call for any future people looking to verify their configuration. The final "40 second jump" issue I have resolved (there are no more warnings) through adjusting the VMware time sync settings as noted in the veeam knowledge base article here: http://www.veeam.com/kb1202 In any case, should any future reader use ESXi, veeam or not, the resources here are an excellent source of information on the time sync topic and msemack's answer is particularly invaluable.

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• Can't send commands via SSH to Juniper firewalls

  - by Massimo

  I have some Juniper SSG firewalls which I need to manage, and I'd like to be able to send commands to them from some monitoring scripts. I configured SSH access using public keys, and I'm able to automatically login to the firewalls. When I run SSH interactively, everything works fine: $ssh <firewall IP> FIREWALL-> <command> <command output> FIREWALL-> exit Connection to <firewall IP> closed. $ But when I try to run the command from the command line, it doesn't work: $ssh <firewall IP> <command> $ This, of course, works fine when sending a command to a remote Linux box: $ssh <linux box IP> <command> <command output> $ Why is this happening? What is the difference between running SSH interactively and specifying the command to run on the SSH command line? Update: It also works fine with a Cisco router. Only these Juniper firewalls seem to behave this way. From the debug output from SSH, it looks like the connection gets established correctly, but the Juniper box replies with an EOF when sending the command, while instead the Linux box replies with the actual command output: Linux: debug1: Authentication succeeded (publickey). debug1: channel 0: new [client-session] debug2: channel 0: send open debug1: Entering interactive session. debug2: callback start debug2: client_session2_setup: id 0 debug1: Sending command: uptime debug2: channel 0: request exec confirm 0 debug2: callback done debug2: channel 0: open confirm rwindow 0 rmax 32768 debug2: channel 0: rcvd adjust 131072 debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype exit-status reply 0 16:44:44 up 25 days, 1:06, 3 users, load average: 0.08, 0.02, 0.01 debug2: channel 0: rcvd eof debug2: channel 0: output open -> drain debug2: channel 0: obuf empty debug2: channel 0: close_write debug2: channel 0: output drain -> closed debug2: channel 0: rcvd close debug2: channel 0: close_read debug2: channel 0: input open -> closed debug2: channel 0: almost dead debug2: channel 0: gc: notify user debug2: channel 0: gc: user detached debug2: channel 0: send close debug2: channel 0: is dead debug2: channel 0: garbage collecting debug1: channel 0: free: client-session, nchannels 1 debug1: Transferred: stdin 0, stdout 0, stderr 0 bytes in 0.1 seconds debug1: Bytes per second: stdin 0.0, stdout 0.0, stderr 0.0 debug1: Exit status 0 Juniper: debug1: Authentication succeeded (publickey). debug1: channel 0: new [client-session] debug2: channel 0: send open debug1: Entering interactive session. debug2: callback start debug2: client_session2_setup: id 0 debug1: Sending environment. debug1: Sending env LANG = en_US.UTF-8 debug2: channel 0: request env confirm 0 debug1: Sending command: get system debug2: channel 0: request exec confirm 0 debug2: callback done debug2: channel 0: open confirm rwindow 2048 rmax 1024 debug2: channel 0: rcvd eof debug2: channel 0: output open -> drain debug2: channel 0: obuf empty debug2: channel 0: close_write debug2: channel 0: output drain -> closed debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype exit-status reply 0 debug2: channel 0: rcvd close debug2: channel 0: close_read debug2: channel 0: input open -> closed debug2: channel 0: almost dead debug2: channel 0: gc: notify user debug2: channel 0: gc: user detached debug2: channel 0: send close debug2: channel 0: is dead debug2: channel 0: garbage collecting debug1: channel 0: free: client-session, nchannels 1 debug1: Transferred: stdin 0, stdout 0, stderr 0 bytes in 0.2 seconds debug1: Bytes per second: stdin 0.0, stdout 0.0, stderr 0.0 debug1: Exit status 1

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• Blocking 'good' bots in nginx with multiple conditions for certain off-limits URL's where humans can go

  - by Glenn Plas

  After 2 days of searching/trying/failing I decided to post this here, I haven't found any example of someone doing the same nor what I tried seems to be working OK. I'm trying to send a 403 to bots not respecting the robots.txt file (even after downloading it several times). Specifically Googlebot. It will support the following robots.txt definition. User-agent: * Disallow: /*/*/page/ The intent is to allow Google to browse whatever they can find on the site but return a 403 for the following type of request. Googlebot seems to keep on nesting these links eternally adding paging block after block: my_domain.com:80 - 66.x.67.x - - [25/Apr/2012:11:13:54 +0200] "GET /2011/06/ page/3/?/page/2//page/3//page/2//page/3//page/2//page/2//page/4//page/4//pag e/1/&wpmp_switcher=desktop HTTP/1.1" 403 135 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; G ooglebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)" It's a wordpress site btw. I don't want those pages to show up, even though after the robots.txt info got through, they stopped for a while only to begin crawling again later. It just never stops .... I do want real people to see this. As you can see, google get a 403 but when I try this myself in a browser I get a 404 back. I want browsers to pass. root@my_domain:# nginx -V nginx version: nginx/1.2.0 I tried different approaches, using a map and plain old nono if's and they both act the same: (under http section) map $http_user_agent $is_bot { default 0; ~crawl|Googlebot|Slurp|spider|bingbot|tracker|click|parser|spider 1; } (under the server section) location ~ /(\d+)/(\d+)/page/ { if ($is_bot) { return 403; # Please respect the robots.txt file ! } } I recently had to polish up my Apache skills for a client where I did about the same thing like this : # Block real Engines , not respecting robots.txt but allowing correct calls to pass # Google RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Mozilla/5\.0\ \(compatible;\ Googlebot/2\.[01];\ \+http://www\.google\.com/bot\.html\)$ [NC,OR] # Bing RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Mozilla/5\.0\ \(compatible;\ bingbot/2\.[01];\ \+http://www\.bing\.com/bingbot\.htm\)$ [NC,OR] # msnbot RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^msnbot-media/1\.[01]\ \(\+http://search\.msn\.com/msnbot\.htm\)$ [NC,OR] # Slurp RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Mozilla/5\.0\ \(compatible;\ Yahoo!\ Slurp;\ http://help\.yahoo\.com/help/us/ysearch/slurp\)$ [NC] # block all page searches, the rest may pass RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^(/[0-9]{4}/[0-9]{2}/page/) [OR] # or with the wpmp_switcher=mobile parameter set RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} wpmp_switcher=mobile # ISSUE 403 / SERVE ERRORDOCUMENT RewriteRule .* - [F,L] # End if match This does a bit more than I asked nginx to do but it's about the same principle, I'm having a hard time figuring this out for nginx. So my question would be, why would nginx serve my browser a 404 ? Why isn't it passing, The regex isn't matching for my UA: "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.30 Safari/536.5" There are tons of example to block based on UA alone, and that's easy. It also looks like the matchin location is final, e.g. it's not 'falling' through for regular user, I'm pretty certain that this has some correlation with the 404 I get in the browser. As a cherry on top of things, I also want google to disregard the parameter wpmp_switcher=mobile , wpmp_switcher=desktop is fine but I just don't want the same content being crawled multiple times. Even though I ended up adding wpmp_switcher=mobile via the google webmaster tools pages (requiring me to sign up ....). that also stopped for a while but today they are back spidering the mobile sections. So in short, I need to find a way for nginx to enforce the robots.txt definitions. Can someone shell out a few minutes of their lives and push me in the right direction please ? I really appreciate ANY response that makes me think harder ;-)

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• How to diagnose computer lockup/freezing problem

  - by Scott Mitchell

  I built a desktop computer a couple years back with the following specs: CPU: Intel Core 2 Quad Q9300 Yorkfield 2.5GHz 6MB L2 Cache LGA 775 95W Quad-Core Processor BX80580Q9300 Motherboard: EVGA 122-CK-NF68-T1 LGA 775 NVIDIA nForce 680i SLI ATX Intel Motherboard Video Card: Two EVGA 256-P2-N758-TR GeForce 8600GT SCC 256MB 128-bit GDDR3 PCI Express x16 SLI Supported Video Card PSU: SeaSonic S12 Energy Plus SS-550HT 550W ATX12V V2.3 / EPS12V V2.91 SLI Certified CrossFire Ready 80 PLUS Certified Active PFC Power Supply Memory: Two G.SKILL 4GB (2 x 2GB) 240-Pin DDR2 SDRAM DDR2 800 (PC2 6400) Dual Channel Kit Desktop Memory Model F2-6400CL5D-4GBPQ Since its inception, the machine has periodically locked up, the regularlity having varied over the years from once a day to once a month. Typically, lockups happen once every few days. By "lockup" I mean my computer just freezes. The screen locks up, I can't move the mouse. Hitting keys on my keyboard that normally turn LEDs on or off on the keyboard (such as Caps Lock) no longer turn the LEDs on or off. If there was music playing at the time of the lockup, noise keeps coming out of the speakers, but it's just the current frequency/note that plays indefinitely. There is no BSOD. When such a lockup occurs I have to do a hard reboot by either turning off the computer or hitting the reset button. I have the most recent version of the NVIDIA hardware drivers, and update them semi-regularly, but that hasn't seemed to help. I am currently using Windows 7 x64, but was previously using Windows Server 2003 x64 and having the same lockup issues. My guess is that it's somehow video driver or motherboard related, but I don't know how to go about diagnosing this problem to narrow down which of the two is the culprit. Additional information re: cooling Regarding cooling... I've not installed any after-market cooling systems aside from two regular fans I scavenged from an older computer. The fan atop the CPU is the one that shipped with it. One of the two scavenged fans I added it located at the bottom tower of the corner, in an attempt to create some airflow from front to back. The second fan is pointed directly at the two video cards. SpeedFan installation and readings Per studiohack's suggestion, I installed SpeedFan, which provided the following temperature readings: GPU: 63C GPU: 65C System: 76C CPU: 64C AUX: 36C Core 0: 78C Core 1: 76C Core 2: 79C Core 3: 79C Update #3: Another Lockup :-( Well, I had another lockup last night. :-( SpeedFan reported the CPU temp at 38 C when it happened, and there was no spike in temperature leading up to the freeze. One thing I notice is that the freeze seems more likely to happen if I am watching a video. In fact, of the last 5 freezes over the past month, 4 of them have been while watching a video on Flickr. Not necessarily the same video, but a video nevertheless. I don't know if this is just coincidence or if it means anything. (As an aside, each night before bedtime my 2 year old daughter sits on my lap and watches some home videos on Flickr and, in the last month, has learned the phrase, "Uh oh, computer broke.") Update #4: MemTest86 and 3DMark06 Test Results: Per suggestions in the comments, I ran the MemTest86 overnight and it cycled through the 8 GB of memory 5 times without error. I also ran the 3DMark06 test without a problem (see my scores at http://3dmark.com/3dm06/15163549). So... what now? :-) Any further suggestions on what to check? Is there some way to get a stack trace or something when the computer locks like that? Thanks

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• smartctl -t long isn't finishing

  - by xenoterracide

  I been running smartctl -t long on a drive for about 2 days now and it seems to be stalled at 10%. short and conveyance both passed. I have to send 1 of 2 drives purchased back I found badblocks with badblocks (none on this drive and I'ts made over a pass already). I'm just wondering if I should be concerned about this. smartctl 5.39.1 2010-01-28 r3054 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Device Model: WDC WD10EARS-00Y5B1 Serial Number: WD-WMAV51582123 Firmware Version: 80.00A80 User Capacity: 1,000,204,886,016 bytes Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall] ATA Version is: 8 ATA Standard is: Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated Local Time is: Mon May 10 22:19:52 2010 EDT SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED General SMART Values: Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity was completed without error. Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled. Self-test execution status: ( 241) Self-test routine in progress... 10% of test remaining. Total time to complete Offline data collection: (20100) seconds. Offline data collection capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate. Auto Offline data collection on/off support. Suspend Offline collection upon new command. Offline surface scan supported. Self-test supported. Conveyance Self-test supported. Selective Self-test supported. SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering power-saving mode. Supports SMART auto save timer. Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported. General Purpose Logging supported. Short self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes. Extended self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 231) minutes. Conveyance self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 5) minutes. SCT capabilities: (0x3031) SCT Status supported. SCT Feature Control supported. SCT Data Table supported. SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 2 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 131 131 021 Pre-fail Always - 6408 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 12 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 148 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0 11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 10 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 7 193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 174 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 106 102 000 Old_age Always - 41 196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0 SMART Error Log Version: 1 No Errors Logged SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error # 1 Conveyance offline Completed without error 00% 99 - # 2 Extended offline Interrupted (host reset) 10% 30 - # 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 0 - SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1 SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS 1 0 0 Not_testing 2 0 0 Not_testing 3 0 0 Not_testing 4 0 0 Not_testing 5 0 0 Not_testing Selective self-test flags (0x0): After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk. If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.

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• What was scientifically shown to support productivity when organizing/accessing file and folders?

  - by Tom Wijsman

  I have gathered terabytes of data but it has became a habit to store files and folders to the same folder, that folder could be kind of seen as a Inbox where most files (non-installations) enter my system. This way I end up with a big collections of files that are hard to organize properly, I mostly end up making folders that match their file type but then I still have several gigabytes of data per folder which doesn't make it efficient such that I can productively use the folder. I'd rather do a few clicks than having to search through the files, whether that's by some software product or by looking through the folder. Often the file names themselves are not proper so it would be easier to recognize them if there were few in a folder, rather than thousands of them. Scaling in the structure of directory trees in a computer cluster summarizes this problem as following: The processes of storing and retrieving information are rapidly gaining importance in science as well as society as a whole [1, 2, 3, 4]. A considerable effort is being undertaken, firstly to characterize and describe how publicly available information, for example in the world wide web, is actually organized, and secondly, to design efficient methods to access this information. [1] R. M. Shiffrin and K. B¨orner, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 5183 (2004). [2] S. Lawrence, C.L. Giles, Nature 400, 107–109 (1999). [3] R.F.I. Cancho and R.V. Sol, Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. B 268, 2261 (2001). [4] M. Sigman and G. A. Cecchi, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 1742 (2002). It goes further on explaining how the data is usually organized by taking general looks at it, but by looking at the abstract and conclusion it doesn't come with a conclusion or approach which results in a productive organization of a directory hierarchy. So, in essence, this is a problem for which I haven't found a solution yet; and I would love to see a scientific solution to this problem. Upon searching further, I don't seem to find anything useful or free papers that approach this problem so it might be that I'm looking in the wrong place. I've also noted that there are different ways to term this problem, which leads out to different results of papers. Perhaps a paper is out there, but I'm not just using the same terms as that paper uses? They often use more scientific terms. I've once heard a story about an advocate with a laptop which has simply outperformed an advocate with had tons of papers, which shows how proper organization leads to productivity; but that story didn't share details on how the advocate used the laptop or how he had organized his data. But in any case, it was way more useful than how most of us organize our data these days... Advice me how I should organize my data, I'm not looking for suggestions here. I would love to see statistics or scientific measurement approaches that help me confirm that it does help me reach my goal.

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• Troubleshooting High Load on Plesk LAMP Dedicated Server

  - by Callmeed

  I have 2 nearly identical dedicated servers with the same provider. They also run a nearly identical software stack: RedHat 5 64-bit, Plesk, PHP, Apache, & MySQL. We use them for hosting custom sites we build. The problem is, while our 1st server has a load average (in top) of around 0.3, the 2nd server consistently has a load average of around 4.0 or higher. Basic functions in Plesk are delayed and there is a bit of latency when executing shell commands. Anyone have ideas why it would be so high? And why it would differ from our other server so much? Here is my current top output (sorted by %MEM) ... Any help is much appreciated ... top - 21:48:04 up 100 days, 4:28, 1 user, load average: 3.74, 4.20, 4.23 Tasks: 336 total, 1 running, 335 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.8%us, 0.4%sy, 0.0%ni, 91.3%id, 7.5%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 12290884k total, 11886452k used, 404432k free, 2920212k buffers Swap: 2096472k total, 244k used, 2096228k free, 6560692k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 22536 apache 15 0 860m 547m 6484 S 0.0 4.6 0:10.96 httpd 26467 apache 15 0 859m 546m 6408 S 0.0 4.5 0:07.67 httpd 3620 apache 15 0 859m 545m 5552 S 0.0 4.5 0:06.15 httpd 1895 apache 15 0 858m 544m 6356 S 0.0 4.5 0:08.25 httpd 16933 apache 15 0 858m 544m 5488 S 0.0 4.5 0:01.57 httpd 6431 apache 15 0 856m 542m 6076 S 10.6 4.5 0:05.32 httpd 14417 apache 15 0 856m 542m 5568 S 0.0 4.5 0:03.88 httpd 15403 apache 15 0 855m 541m 5616 S 0.0 4.5 0:03.73 httpd 19165 apache 15 0 853m 539m 6252 S 0.0 4.5 0:12.40 httpd 15898 apache 15 0 852m 539m 5376 S 0.0 4.5 0:02.68 httpd 14401 apache 15 0 851m 538m 5460 S 0.0 4.5 0:02.97 httpd 15393 apache 15 0 851m 538m 5404 S 0.0 4.5 0:03.12 httpd 15427 apache 15 0 851m 538m 5496 S 0.0 4.5 0:02.44 httpd 14412 apache 15 0 851m 538m 5324 S 0.0 4.5 0:02.15 httpd 18330 apache 15 0 851m 537m 5136 S 0.0 4.5 0:01.30 httpd 18303 apache 15 0 848m 535m 5140 S 0.0 4.5 0:00.47 httpd 21190 apache 15 0 845m 533m 3988 S 0.0 4.4 0:00.33 httpd 15923 root 18 0 822m 521m 9928 S 0.0 4.3 10:04.81 httpd 22021 apache 15 0 828m 520m 4964 S 0.0 4.3 0:00.16 httpd 22146 apache 15 0 823m 515m 3016 S 0.0 4.3 0:00.02 httpd 22345 apache 15 0 822m 514m 2408 S 0.0 4.3 0:00.00 httpd 14721 apache 15 0 733m 510m 488 S 0.0 4.3 0:00.00 httpd 5094 root 15 0 1452m 122m 15m S 1.0 1.0 852:24.24 java 4636 mysql 15 0 532m 57m 6440 S 1.0 0.5 488:05.84 mysqld 4799 popuser 15 0 166m 53m 2368 S 0.0 0.4 0:36.64 spamd 16761 popuser 15 0 159m 46m 2312 S 0.0 0.4 0:00.38 spamd 4797 root 15 0 158m 45m 2448 S 0.0 0.4 0:01.27 spamd 5074 root 34 19 255m 20m 2144 S 0.0 0.2 1:37.53 yum-updatesd 9917 named 15 0 366m 9804 1980 S 0.0 0.1 0:10.26 named 4332 sso 18 0 119m 8028 5212 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.06 sw-engine-cgi 4341 sso 18 0 119m 8028 5212 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.07 sw-engine-cgi 4350 sso 18 0 119m 8028 5212 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.09 sw-engine-cgi 4352 sso 18 0 119m 8028 5212 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.11 sw-engine-cgi 4376 ntp 15 0 23388 5020 3896 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.58 ntpd 4331 sw-cp-se 15 0 61336 4572 1480 S 0.0 0.0 5:53.22 sw-cp-serverd 4213 haldaemo 15 0 31252 4460 1684 S 0.0 0.0 0:01.52 hald 4778 postgres 18 0 117m 4164 3484 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.11 postmaster 18555 root 16 0 98.3m 3716 2852 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 sshd 4488 sso 18 0 119m 3044 224 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 sw-engine-cgi 4489 sso 18 0 119m 3044 224 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 sw-engine-cgi 4492 sso 18 0 119m 3044 224 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 sw-engine-cgi 4493 sso 18 0 119m 3044 224 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 sw-engine-cgi 4490 sso 18 0 119m 3040 220 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 sw-engine-cgi

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• How to understand the memory usage and load average in linux server

  - by Tim

  Hi, I am using a linux server which has 128GB of memory and 24 cores. I use top to see how much it is used. Its output is pasted at the end of the post. Here are two questions: (1) I see that each of the running processes occupies a very small percentage of memory (%MEM no more than 0.2%, and most just 0.0%), but how the total memory is almost used as in the fourth line of output ("Mem: 130766620k total, 130161072k used, 605548k free, 919300k buffers")? The sum of used percentage of memory over all processes seems unlikely to achieve almost 100%, doesn't it? (2) how to understand the load average on the first line ("load average: 14.04, 14.02, 14.00")? Thanks and regards! Edit: Thanks! I also really like to hear some rough numbers based on used percentage of memory to determine if a server is heavily loaded, since I once became the one who cramed the server without understanding the current load. Is swap regarded as almost the same as memory? For example, when memory and swap are almost of same size, if the memory is almost running out but the swap is still largely free, may I just view it as if the used percentage of memory + swap is still not high and run other new processes? How would you consider together CPU or memory (or memory + swap) usage? Do you become worried if either of them reaches too high or both? Output of top: $ top top - 12:45:33 up 19 days, 23:11, 18 users, load average: 14.04, 14.02, 14.00 Tasks: 484 total, 12 running, 472 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 36.7%us, 19.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 43.6%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 130766620k total, 130161072k used, 605548k free, 919300k buffers Swap: 63111312k total, 500556k used, 62610756k free, 124437752k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 6529 sanchez 18 -2 1075m 219m 13m S 100 0.2 13760:23 MATLAB 13210 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1216 R 100 0.0 3:56.75 absurdity 13888 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1204 R 100 0.0 2:04.89 absurdity 14542 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1196 R 100 0.0 1:08.34 absurdity 14544 timothy 18 -2 2888 2076 400 R 100 0.0 1:06.14 gatherData 6183 sanchez 18 -2 1133m 195m 13m S 100 0.2 13676:04 MATLAB 6795 sanchez 18 -2 1079m 210m 13m S 100 0.2 13734:26 MATLAB 10178 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1204 R 100 0.0 11:33.93 absurdity 12438 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1216 R 100 0.0 5:38.17 absurdity 13661 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1216 R 100 0.0 2:44.13 absurdity 14098 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1204 R 100 0.0 1:58.31 absurdity 14335 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1196 R 100 0.0 1:08.93 absurdity 14765 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1196 R 99 0.0 0:32.57 absurdity 13445 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1216 R 99 0.0 3:01.37 absurdity 28990 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 2 0.0 65:50.21 pdflush 12141 tim 18 -2 19380 1660 1024 R 1 0.0 0:04.04 top 1240 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 16:07.11 kjournald 9019 root 20 0 296m 4460 2616 S 0 0.0 82:19.51 kdm_greet 1 root 20 0 4028 728 592 S 0 0.0 0:03.11 init 2 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd 3 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:01.01 migration/0 4 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:08.13 ksoftirqd/0 5 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0 6 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 17:27.31 migration/1 7 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:01.21 ksoftirqd/1 8 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1 9 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 10:02.56 migration/2 10 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.34 ksoftirqd/2 11 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/2 12 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 4:29.53 migration/3 13 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.34 ksoftirqd/3

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• Bizarre and very specific Internet connection loss

  - by Synetech

  Yesterday (Friday, September 21, 2012), my Internet connection started acting up. After some testing, I confirmed a very specific and baffling set of symptoms: Internet connection goes away every 25-35 minutes (I did not confirm the exact interval, but it seems to be about 30 mins.) Only some protocols are affected; HTTP*, P2P, etc. stop working; FTP, etc. continue to work When it’s stopped, cannot even ping router or cable-modem IPs or view their firmware pages Domain-names and IPs are irrelevant (for protocols that stop working, neither work, for those that still work, both work) Resetting router fixes it for another 30 minutes Keeping the connection idle or active doesn’t seem to make a difference (nor the bandwidth usage in that period) Connecting directly to cable-modem allows it to work indefinitely Disconnecting the router from the cable-modem works indefinitely (no Internet connection obviously, but can still access router IP and firmware page) Connecting the router to the cable-modem, but putting the modem on standby also works indefinitely Same problem with both a wireless laptop and wired (on any port) desktop (both Windows 7; will try to test Windows XP when possible) Nothing had changed in the days leading up to the issue. No modifications to the networking configuration or the router; there were not even any Windows updates except for an MSSE definition update. Waiting does not fix it, nor does any amount of fiddling with anything; only resetting the router fixes it for 30 minutes (resetting the cable-modem doesn't work either) I tried cleaning the pins in the router’s plugs, but that didn’t help, which was not really a surprise since I was not getting a lost connection error. Obviously my first thought was that the router was having a problem, and this is borne out by some tests. The problem is that when it drops, it is not a full drop since I can still do things like ftp ftp.mcafee.com and such which means that the connection and DNS are still working. Moreover, if it were the router, then why does it stay alive indefinitely when not connected to the cable-modem (i.e., no outside influence)? The problem doesn't seem to be either the cable-modem nor the router, but rather an interaction between the two, like something from the outside (port scan? hacker? ISP?) that is triggering a problem in the router. I see that there have been a couple of vulnerabilities for the DI-524, but those were a while back and should be fixed since I have the last firmware for it. I don’t think it’s my ISP (Rogers) since I have been using the router for several years without problem and can connect indefinitely when bypassing it. But I can’t rule them out since that is one of the only possible things that could have suddenly changed. Does anybody have any ideas of explanations, fixed, or tests? (I note that when I opened the router, I heard a very high-pitched noise from somewhere near the capacitors/ferrite ring which I don’t think I heard the last time I opened it a few years ago, but then if it were that, then why would it affect only a very small, specific set of functions?)

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• How to recover data files from xampp-windows to xampp-linux after crash?

  - by David Buehler

  My Windows box died after I developed a database in xampp on it; fortunately I have a backup of the entire F:/TestWeb/Xampp partition. Unfortunately, I did not do an Export (nor dump) of the "Lws2" database before the crash. I have replaced the defunct machine with one running Mint7 (based on Ubuntu 9.04 "Jaunty Jackalope") and installed xampp-linux into the /opt partition, so the new xampp now runs fine in /opt/lampp, and says all the elements are secured by passwords (which I just assigned during this installation.) I assumed that Xamp-Windows installed in November would migrate easily to xampp-linux installed iin February -- a bad assumption. It apparently would have been simple if I had known enough to do an Export or a Dump before the crash, but.... The backup was done to a Network Attached Storage drive, which is formatted as "vfat" so the backup does not carry with it any valid ownership permissions from MySql on NTFS. I now see from my backup that the old data resided in \TestWeb\Xampp\Mysql\Data\Lws2\ and consists of 7 ".frm" files which define my tables. The actual data -- I suppose a ".sql" file or files -- has disappeared, and I am resigning myself to two days of retyping it. But I do not wish to do the table layouts all over again. So I copied Data tree to /opt/lampp/Data -- PhpMyAdmin does not see it. So I copied Lws2 tree to /opt/lampp/Lws2 -- PhpMyAdmin does not see it. So I copied Data tree to /opt/lampp/var/mysql/Data -- PhpMyAdmin does not see it. So I copied Lws2 tree to /opt/lampp/var/mysql/Lws2 -- PhpMyAdmin does not see it. So I adjusted all the permissions to stop saying owner "nobody" to owner "root" and gave full permissions to all groups and to all others, with permissions percolating down, in all 4 trees. You guessed it -- PhpMyAdmin does not see any database named Lws2, only its 4 default ones. I double-checked the permissions and rebooted Linux and repeated the tests. At some point in that process I did see PhpMyAdmin showing "lws2(7)" but when I clicked on it I saw a "no table found" message. I have not been able to recreate that experience. Apparently there are some setup files for MySql and for PhpMyAdmin which need to be set up by running a wizard or two or by editing the files directly. I grepped the TestWeb tree and found an old "ldir = "C:TestWeb\Xampp\MySql\" and a "DataDir = C:TestWeb\Xampp\MySql\" in a .php file and in a .bat file, but I cannot find the corresponding config file names on the /opt partition/ -- so it looks as if these wizards have not been run to create them. What config files files does Linux use to setup MySql config files for PhpMyAdmin? What wizards do I need to run to point the MySql engine and the PhpMyAdmin at the folder /opt/lampp/data/ with its lws2 folder inside it? Or which files do I need to edit, with a sample of what it normally says under Linux? Incidentally, I remember I converted from MyISAM with its .MYD and .MYI files to InnoDB after entering only a small amount of the data -- and I do not know what file types to look for -- perhaps my data is still there but under another guise or in another place? Is it something as simple as linux needing to see "/data/" instead of /Data? I will check that out while waiting for a response. If anyone can point me to documentation that discusses this level of detail -- I will read it avidly! In any case, thanks for any clarification you can give on this thorny problem. wizdum

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• Centos/OVH: public IP on KVM virtual machine

  - by Sébastien

  Since a few days, I'm trying to configure my KVM vm to have a public IP address, without any success. First, I'm on OVH, and you need to know they don't allow networking from different mac addresses. I have so registered a virtual mac address associated with my failover IP Here's my configuration: Guest wanted IP: 46.105.40.x Host IP: 176.31.240.x Host configuration dummy0 interface: ifcfg-dummy0 BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=10.0.0.1 NETMASK=255.0.0.0 ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=no ARP=yes BRIDGE=br0 br0 bridge: ifcfg-br0 DEVICE=br0 TYPE=Bridge DELAY=0 ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=192.168.1.1 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 PEERDNS=yes NM_CONTROLLED=no ARP=yes Failover ip is redirected to the br0 bridge with ip route add 46.105.40.xxx dev br0 > cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward 1 > cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/vnet0/proxy_arp 1 > route -n Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 176.31.240.254 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 46.105.40.x 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 br0 176.31.240.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0 Guest configuration: KVM: <interface type='bridge'> <mac address='02:00:00:30:22:05'/> <source bridge='br0'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/> </interface> I've borrowed most of the OVH configuration here (in french, http://guides.ovh.com/BridgeClient) for the guest configuration eth0 interface: ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE="eth0" BOOTPROTO=none HWADDR="02:00:00:30:22:05" NM_CONTROLLED="yes" ONBOOT="yes" TYPE="Ethernet" UUID="e9138469-0d81-4ee6-b5ab-de0d7d17d1c8" USERCTL=no PEERDNS=yes IPADDR=46.105.40.xxx NETMASK=255.255.255.255 GATEWAY=176.31.240.254 ARP=yes For the routes, I have in route-eth0: 176.31.240.254 dev eth0 default via 176.31.240.254 dev eth0 With this configuration, I don't have any access to the internet. The only thing I can do is to ping the public ip of the host, nothing more. My final conclusion is that the route does not work, because, when, on the guest, I run ping 8.8.8.8, I have, on the host: > tcpdump -i vnet0 icmp tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on br0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 13:38:09.009324 IP 46-105-40-xxx.kimsufi.com > google-public-dns-a.google.com: ICMP echo request, id 50183, seq 1, length 64 13:38:09.815344 IP 46-105-40-xxx.kimsufi.com > google-public-dns-a.google.com: ICMP echo request, id 50183, seq 2, length 64 I never get the ping reply, only the request. It seems Guest - Host communication is fine. On eth0: > tcpdump -i eth0 icmp tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 13:39:40.240561 IP 46-105-40-xxx.kimsufi.com > google-public-dns-a.google.com: ICMP echo request, id 50439, seq 1, length 64 13:39:40.250161 IP google-public-dns-a.google.com > 46-105-40-xxx.kimsufi.com: ICMP echo reply, id 50439, seq 1, length 64 I have the request and the reply on eth0, but reply is not forwarded to the bridge. I really don't understand why, I though it was the aim of the route to do that! IPtables is disabled on both host and guest. I really hope some of you will be able to help me! Many thanks in advance, Sébastien

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• MySQL Memory usage

  - by Rob Stevenson-Leggett

  Our MySQL server seems to be using a lot of memory. I've tried looking for slow queries and queries with no index and have halved the peak CPU usage and Apache memory usage but the MySQL memory stays constantly at 2.2GB (~51% of available memory on the server). Here's the graph from Plesk. Running top in the SSH window shows the same figures. Does anyone have any ideas on why the memory usage is constant like this and not peaks and troughs with usage of the app? Here's the output of the MySQL Tuning Primer script: -- MYSQL PERFORMANCE TUNING PRIMER -- - By: Matthew Montgomery - MySQL Version 5.0.77-log x86_64 Uptime = 1 days 14 hrs 4 min 21 sec Avg. qps = 22 Total Questions = 3059456 Threads Connected = 13 Warning: Server has not been running for at least 48hrs. It may not be safe to use these recommendations To find out more information on how each of these runtime variables effects performance visit: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/server-system-variables.html Visit http://www.mysql.com/products/enterprise/advisors.html for info about MySQL's Enterprise Monitoring and Advisory Service SLOW QUERIES The slow query log is enabled. Current long_query_time = 1 sec. You have 6 out of 3059477 that take longer than 1 sec. to complete Your long_query_time seems to be fine BINARY UPDATE LOG The binary update log is NOT enabled. You will not be able to do point in time recovery See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/point-in-time-recovery.html WORKER THREADS Current thread_cache_size = 0 Current threads_cached = 0 Current threads_per_sec = 2 Historic threads_per_sec = 0 Threads created per/sec are overrunning threads cached You should raise thread_cache_size MAX CONNECTIONS Current max_connections = 100 Current threads_connected = 14 Historic max_used_connections = 20 The number of used connections is 20% of the configured maximum. Your max_connections variable seems to be fine. INNODB STATUS Current InnoDB index space = 6 M Current InnoDB data space = 18 M Current InnoDB buffer pool free = 0 % Current innodb_buffer_pool_size = 8 M Depending on how much space your innodb indexes take up it may be safe to increase this value to up to 2 / 3 of total system memory MEMORY USAGE Max Memory Ever Allocated : 2.07 G Configured Max Per-thread Buffers : 274 M Configured Max Global Buffers : 2.01 G Configured Max Memory Limit : 2.28 G Physical Memory : 3.84 G Max memory limit seem to be within acceptable norms KEY BUFFER Current MyISAM index space = 4 M Current key_buffer_size = 7 M Key cache miss rate is 1 : 40 Key buffer free ratio = 81 % Your key_buffer_size seems to be fine QUERY CACHE Query cache is supported but not enabled Perhaps you should set the query_cache_size SORT OPERATIONS Current sort_buffer_size = 2 M Current read_rnd_buffer_size = 256 K Sort buffer seems to be fine JOINS Current join_buffer_size = 132.00 K You have had 16 queries where a join could not use an index properly You should enable "log-queries-not-using-indexes" Then look for non indexed joins in the slow query log. If you are unable to optimize your queries you may want to increase your join_buffer_size to accommodate larger joins in one pass. Note! This script will still suggest raising the join_buffer_size when ANY joins not using indexes are found. OPEN FILES LIMIT Current open_files_limit = 1024 files The open_files_limit should typically be set to at least 2x-3x that of table_cache if you have heavy MyISAM usage. Your open_files_limit value seems to be fine TABLE CACHE Current table_cache value = 64 tables You have a total of 426 tables You have 64 open tables. Current table_cache hit rate is 1% , while 100% of your table cache is in use You should probably increase your table_cache TEMP TABLES Current max_heap_table_size = 16 M Current tmp_table_size = 32 M Of 15134 temp tables, 9% were created on disk Effective in-memory tmp_table_size is limited to max_heap_table_size. Created disk tmp tables ratio seems fine TABLE SCANS Current read_buffer_size = 128 K Current table scan ratio = 2915 : 1 read_buffer_size seems to be fine TABLE LOCKING Current Lock Wait ratio = 1 : 142213 Your table locking seems to be fine The app is a facebook game with about 50-100 concurrent users. Thanks, Rob

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• Expert iptables help needed?

  - by Asad Moeen

  After a detailed analysis, I collected these details. I am under a UDP Flood which is more of application dependent. I run a Game-Server and an attacker is flooding me with "getstatus" query which makes the GameServer respond by making the replies to the query which cause output to the attacker's IP as high as 30mb/s and server lag. Here are the packet details, Packet starts with 4 bytes 0xff and then getstatus. Theoretically, the packet is like "\xff\xff\xff\xffgetstatus " Now that I've tried a lot of iptables variations like state and rate-limiting along side but those didn't work. Rate Limit works good but only when the Server is not started. As soon as the server starts, no iptables rule seems to block it. Anyone else got more solutions? someone asked me to contact the provider and get it done at the Network/Router but that looks very odd and I believe they might not do it since that would also affect other clients. Responding to all those answers, I'd say: Firstly, its a VPS so they can't do it for me. Secondly, I don't care if something is coming in but since its application generated so there has to be a OS level solution to block the outgoing packets. At least the outgoing ones must be stopped. Secondly, its not Ddos since just 400kb/s input generates 30mb/s output from my GameServer. That never happens in a D-dos. Asking the provider/hardware level solution should be used in that case but this one is different. And Yes, Banning his IP stops the flood of outgoing packets but he has many more IP-Addresses as he spoofs his original so I just need something to block him automatically. Even tried a lot of Firewalls but as you know they are just front-ends to iptables so if something doesn't work on iptables, what would the firewalls do? These were the rules I tried, iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m recent --set --name DDOS --rsource iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m recent --update --seconds 1 --hitcount 5 --name DDOS --rsource -j DROP It works for the attacks on un-used ports but when the server is listening and responding to the incoming queries by the attacker, it never works. Okay Tom.H, your rules were working when I modified them somehow like this: iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m length --length 1:1024 -m recent --set --name XXXX --rsource iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m string --string "xxxxxxxxxx" --algo bm --to 65535 -m recent --update --seconds 1 --hitcount 15 --name XXXX --rsource -j DROP They worked for about 3 days very good where the string "xxxxxxxxx" would be rate-limited, blocked if someone flooded and also didn't affect the clients. But just today, I tried updating the chain to try to remove a previously blocked IP so for that I had to flush the chain and restore this rule ( iptables -X and iptables -F ), some clients were already connected to servers including me. So restoring the rules now would also block some of the clients string completely while some are not affected. So does this mean I need to restart the server or why else would this happen because the last time the rules were working, there was no one connected?

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• problem in run oracle server please help

  - by rima

  I used Oracle 11g, from few days ago I face below error: SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Apr 7 07:33:19 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved. Enter user-name: pentacms Enter password: ERROR: ORA-01033: ORACLE initialization or shutdown in progress Process ID: 0 Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0 Enter user-name: I try to solve the error, but it raised an other error, I try to open log file but I receive below error(last line) "ERROR at line 1: ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kcratr_nab_less_than_odr], [1], [46], [32689], [32690], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] " please advice me, It's an emergency case. FIXED_TABLE_SEQUENCE ROW_WAIT_OBJ# ROW_WAIT_FILE# ROW_WAIT_BLOCK# ROW_WAIT_ROW# -------------------- ------------- -------------- --------------- ------------- TOP_LEVEL_CALL# LOGON_TIM LAST_CALL_ET PDM FAILOVER_TYPE FAILOVER_M FAI --------------- --------- ------------ --- ------------- ---------- --- RESOURCE_CONSUMER_GROUP PDML_STA PDDL_STA PQ_STATU -------------------------------- -------- -------- -------- CURRENT_QUEUE_DURATION ---------------------- CLIENT_IDENTIFIER BLOCKING_SE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- BLOCKING_INSTANCE BLOCKING_SESSION FINAL_BLOCK FINAL_BLOCKING_INSTANCE ----------------- ---------------- ----------- ----------------------- FINAL_BLOCKING_SESSION SEQ# EVENT# ---------------------- ---------- ---------- EVENT ---------------------------------------------------------------- P1TEXT P1 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P1RAW ---------------- P2TEXT P2 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P2RAW ---------------- P3TEXT P3 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P3RAW WAIT_CLASS_ID WAIT_CLASS# ---------------- ------------- ----------- WAIT_CLASS WAIT_TIME ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- SECONDS_IN_WAIT STATE WAIT_TIME_MICRO TIME_REMAINING_MICRO --------------- ------------------- --------------- -------------------- TIME_SINCE_LAST_WAIT_MICRO -------------------------- SERVICE_NAME SQL_TRAC SQL_T ---------------------------------------------------------------- -------- ----- SQL_T SQL_TRACE_ SESSION_EDITION_ID CREATOR_ADDR CREATOR_SERIAL# ----- ---------- ------------------ ---------------- --------------- ECID ---------------------------------------------------------------- SYS$USERS DISABLED FALSE SADDR SID SERIAL# AUDSID PADDR USER# ---------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------- ---------- USERNAME COMMAND OWNERID TADDR ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------- LOCKWAIT STATUS SERVER SCHEMA# SCHEMANAME ---------------- -------- --------- ---------- ------------------------------ OSUSER PROCESS ------------------------------ ------------------------ MACHINE PORT ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- TERMINAL ---------------- PROGRAM TYPE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- SQL_ADDRESS SQL_HASH_VALUE SQL_ID SQL_CHILD_NUMBER SQL_EXEC_ ---------------- -------------- ------------- ---------------- --------- SQL_EXEC_ID PREV_SQL_ADDR PREV_HASH_VALUE PREV_SQL_ID PREV_CHILD_NUMBER ----------- ---------------- --------------- ------------- ----------------- PREV_EXEC PREV_EXEC_ID PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID --------- ------------ --------------------- ------------------------- PLSQL_OBJECT_ID PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID --------------- ------------------- MODULE MODULE_HASH ------------------------------------------------ ----------- ACTION ACTION_HASH -------------------------------- ----------- CLIENT_INFO ---------------------------------------------------------------- FIXED_TABLE_SEQUENCE ROW_WAIT_OBJ# ROW_WAIT_FILE# ROW_WAIT_BLOCK# ROW_WAIT_ROW# -------------------- ------------- -------------- --------------- ------------- TOP_LEVEL_CALL# LOGON_TIM LAST_CALL_ET PDM FAILOVER_TYPE FAILOVER_M FAI --------------- --------- ------------ --- ------------- ---------- --- RESOURCE_CONSUMER_GROUP PDML_STA PDDL_STA PQ_STATU -------------------------------- -------- -------- -------- CURRENT_QUEUE_DURATION ---------------------- CLIENT_IDENTIFIER BLOCKING_SE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- BLOCKING_INSTANCE BLOCKING_SESSION FINAL_BLOCK FINAL_BLOCKING_INSTANCE ----------------- ---------------- ----------- ----------------------- FINAL_BLOCKING_SESSION SEQ# EVENT# ---------------------- ---------- ---------- EVENT ---------------------------------------------------------------- P1TEXT P1 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P1RAW ---------------- P2TEXT P2 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P2RAW ---------------- P3TEXT P3 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P3RAW WAIT_CLASS_ID WAIT_CLASS# ---------------- ------------- ----------- WAIT_CLASS WAIT_TIME ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- SECONDS_IN_WAIT STATE WAIT_TIME_MICRO TIME_REMAINING_MICRO --------------- ------------------- --------------- -------------------- TIME_SINCE_LAST_WAIT_MICRO -------------------------- SERVICE_NAME SQL_TRAC SQL_T ---------------------------------------------------------------- -------- ----- SQL_T SQL_TRACE_ SESSION_EDITION_ID CREATOR_ADDR CREATOR_SERIAL# ----- ---------- ------------------ ---------------- --------------- ECID ---------------------------------------------------------------- FALSE FIRST EXEC 0 000007FF5D4D8D70 2 SADDR SID SERIAL# AUDSID PADDR USER# ---------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------- ---------- USERNAME COMMAND OWNERID TADDR ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------- LOCKWAIT STATUS SERVER SCHEMA# SCHEMANAME ---------------- -------- --------- ---------- ------------------------------ OSUSER PROCESS ------------------------------ ------------------------ MACHINE PORT ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- TERMINAL ---------------- PROGRAM TYPE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- SQL_ADDRESS SQL_HASH_VALUE SQL_ID SQL_CHILD_NUMBER SQL_EXEC_ ---------------- -------------- ------------- ---------------- --------- SQL_EXEC_ID PREV_SQL_ADDR PREV_HASH_VALUE PREV_SQL_ID PREV_CHILD_NUMBER ----------- ---------------- --------------- ------------- ----------------- PREV_EXEC PREV_EXEC_ID PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID --------- ------------ --------------------- ------------------------- PLSQL_OBJECT_ID PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID --------------- ------------------- MODULE MODULE_HASH ------------------------------------------------ ----------- ACTION ACTION_HASH -------------------------------- ----------- CLIENT_INFO ---------------------------------------------------------------- FIXED_TABLE_SEQUENCE ROW_WAIT_OBJ# ROW_WAIT_FILE# ROW_WAIT_BLOCK# ROW_WAIT_ROW# -------------------- ------------- -------------- --------------- ------------- TOP_LEVEL_CALL# LOGON_TIM LAST_CALL_ET PDM FAILOVER_TYPE FAILOVER_M FAI --------------- --------- ------------ --- ------------- ---------- --- RESOURCE_CONSUMER_GROUP PDML_STA PDDL_STA PQ_STATU -------------------------------- -------- -------- -------- CURRENT_QUEUE_DURATION ---------------------- CLIENT_IDENTIFIER BLOCKING_SE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- BLOCKING_INSTANCE BLOCKING_SESSION FINAL_BLOCK FINAL_BLOCKING_INSTANCE ----------------- ---------------- ----------- ----------------------- FINAL_BLOCKING_SESSION SEQ# EVENT# ---------------------- ---------- ---------- EVENT ---------------------------------------------------------------- P1TEXT P1 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P1RAW ---------------- P2TEXT P2 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P2RAW ---------------- P3TEXT P3 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P3RAW WAIT_CLASS_ID WAIT_CLASS# ---------------- ------------- ----------- WAIT_CLASS WAIT_TIME ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- SECONDS_IN_WAIT STATE WAIT_TIME_MICRO TIME_REMAINING_MICRO --------------- ------------------- --------------- -------------------- TIME_SINCE_LAST_WAIT_MICRO -------------------------- SERVICE_NAME SQL_TRAC SQL_T ---------------------------------------------------------------- -------- ----- SQL_T SQL_TRACE_ SESSION_EDITION_ID CREATOR_ADDR CREATOR_SERIAL# ----- ---------- ------------------ ---------------- --------------- ECID ---------------------------------------------------------------- SADDR SID SERIAL# AUDSID PADDR USER# ---------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------- ---------- USERNAME COMMAND OWNERID TADDR ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------- LOCKWAIT STATUS SERVER SCHEMA# SCHEMANAME ---------------- -------- --------- ---------- ------------------------------ OSUSER PROCESS ------------------------------ ------------------------ MACHINE PORT ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- TERMINAL ---------------- PROGRAM TYPE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- SQL_ADDRESS SQL_HASH_VALUE SQL_ID SQL_CHILD_NUMBER SQL_EXEC_ ---------------- -------------- ------------- ---------------- --------- SQL_EXEC_ID PREV_SQL_ADDR PREV_HASH_VALUE PREV_SQL_ID PREV_CHILD_NUMBER ----------- ---------------- --------------- ------------- ----------------- PREV_EXEC PREV_EXEC_ID PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID --------- ------------ --------------------- ------------------------- PLSQL_OBJECT_ID PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID --------------- ------------------- MODULE MODULE_HASH ------------------------------------------------ ----------- ACTION ACTION_HASH -------------------------------- ----------- CLIENT_INFO ---------------------------------------------------------------- FIXED_TABLE_SEQUENCE ROW_WAIT_OBJ# ROW_WAIT_FILE# ROW_WAIT_BLOCK# ROW_WAIT_ROW# -------------------- ------------- -------------- --------------- ------------- TOP_LEVEL_CALL# LOGON_TIM LAST_CALL_ET PDM FAILOVER_TYPE FAILOVER_M FAI --------------- --------- ------------ --- ------------- ---------- --- RESOURCE_CONSUMER_GROUP PDML_STA PDDL_STA PQ_STATU -------------------------------- -------- -------- -------- CURRENT_QUEUE_DURATION ---------------------- CLIENT_IDENTIFIER BLOCKING_SE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- BLOCKING_INSTANCE BLOCKING_SESSION FINAL_BLOCK FINAL_BLOCKING_INSTANCE ----------------- ---------------- ----------- ----------------------- FINAL_BLOCKING_SESSION SEQ# EVENT# ---------------------- ---------- ---------- EVENT ---------------------------------------------------------------- P1TEXT P1 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P1RAW ---------------- P2TEXT P2 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P2RAW ---------------- P3TEXT P3 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- P3RAW WAIT_CLASS_ID WAIT_CLASS# ---------------- ------------- ----------- WAIT_CLASS WAIT_TIME ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- SECONDS_IN_WAIT STATE WAIT_TIME_MICRO TIME_REMAINING_MICRO --------------- ------------------- --------------- -------------------- TIME_SINCE_LAST_WAIT_MICRO -------------------------- SERVICE_NAME SQL_TRAC SQL_T ---------------------------------------------------------------- -------- ----- SQL_T SQL_TRACE_ SESSION_EDITION_ID CREATOR_ADDR CREATOR_SERIAL# ----- ---------- ------------------ ---------------- --------------- ECID ---------------------------------------------------------------- 16 rows selected. SQL> desc dba_user; ERROR: ORA-04043: object dba_user does not exist SQL> desc dba_users; ERROR: ORA-04043: object dba_users does not exist SQL> desc v$user; ERROR: ORA-04043: object v$user does not exist SQL> desc v$users ERROR: ORA-04043: object v$users does not exist SQL> seleect * from dba_users; SP2-0734: unknown command beginning "seleect * ..." - rest of line ignored. SQL> select * from dba_users; select * from dba_users * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01219: database not open: queries allowed on fixed tables/views only SQL> alter database open; alter database open * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kcratr_nab_less_than_odr], [1], [46], [32689], [32690], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] SQL> alter database mount; alter database mount * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01100: database already mounted SQL> alter database mount;

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