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• Why is there a /etc/init.d/mysql file on this Slackware machine? How could it have gotten there?

  - by jasonspiro

  A client of my IT-consulting service owns a web-development shop. He's been having problems with a Slackware 12.0 server running MySQL 5.0.67. The machine was set up by the client's sysadmin, who left on bad terms. My client no longer employs a sysadmin. As far as I can tell, the only copy of MySQL that's installed is the one described in /var/log/packages/mysql-5.0.67-i486-1: PACKAGE NAME: mysql-5.0.67-i486-1 COMPRESSED PACKAGE SIZE: 16828 K UNCOMPRESSED PACKAGE SIZE: 33840 K PACKAGE LOCATION: /var/slapt-get/archives/./slackware/ap/mysql-5.0.67-i486-1.tgz PACKAGE DESCRIPTION: mysql: mysql (SQL-based relational database server) mysql: mysql: MySQL is a fast, multi-threaded, multi-user, and robust SQL mysql: (Structured Query Language) database server. It comes with a nice API mysql: which makes it easy to integrate into other applications. mysql: mysql: The home page for MySQL is http://www.mysql.com/ mysql: mysql: mysql: mysql: FILE LIST: ./ var/ var/lib/ var/lib/mysql/ var/run/ var/run/mysql/ install/ install/doinst.sh install/slack-desc usr/ usr/include/ usr/include/mysql/ usr/include/mysql/my_alloc.h usr/include/mysql/sql_common.h usr/include/mysql/my_dbug.h usr/include/mysql/errmsg.h usr/include/mysql/my_pthread.h usr/include/mysql/my_list.h usr/include/mysql/mysql.h usr/include/mysql/sslopt-vars.h usr/include/mysql/my_config.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_com.h usr/include/mysql/m_string.h usr/include/mysql/sslopt-case.h usr/include/mysql/my_xml.h usr/include/mysql/sql_state.h usr/include/mysql/my_global.h usr/include/mysql/my_sys.h usr/include/mysql/mysqld_ername.h usr/include/mysql/mysqld_error.h usr/include/mysql/sslopt-longopts.h usr/include/mysql/keycache.h usr/include/mysql/my_net.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_version.h usr/include/mysql/my_no_pthread.h usr/include/mysql/decimal.h usr/include/mysql/readline.h usr/include/mysql/my_attribute.h usr/include/mysql/typelib.h usr/include/mysql/my_dir.h usr/include/mysql/raid.h usr/include/mysql/m_ctype.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_embed.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_time.h usr/include/mysql/my_getopt.h usr/lib/ usr/lib/mysql/ usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.so.15.0.0 usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.la usr/lib/mysql/libmyisammrg.a usr/lib/mysql/libmystrings.a usr/lib/mysql/libmyisam.a usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.15.0.0 usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.a usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.a usr/lib/mysql/libheap.a usr/lib/mysql/libvio.a usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.la usr/lib/mysql/libmysys.a usr/lib/mysql/libdbug.a usr/bin/ usr/bin/comp_err usr/bin/my_print_defaults usr/bin/resolve_stack_dump usr/bin/msql2mysql usr/bin/mysqltestmanager-pwgen usr/bin/myisampack usr/bin/replace usr/bin/mysqld_multi usr/bin/mysqlaccess usr/bin/mysql_install_db usr/bin/innochecksum usr/bin/myisam_ftdump usr/bin/mysqlcheck usr/bin/mysqltest usr/bin/mysql_upgrade_shell usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation usr/bin/mysql_fix_extensions usr/bin/mysqld_safe usr/bin/mysql_explain_log usr/bin/mysqlimport usr/bin/myisamlog usr/bin/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql usr/bin/mysql_upgrade usr/bin/mysqltestmanager usr/bin/mysql_fix_privilege_tables usr/bin/mysql_find_rows usr/bin/mysql_convert_table_format usr/bin/mysqltestmanagerc usr/bin/mysqlhotcopy usr/bin/mysqldump usr/bin/mysqlshow usr/bin/mysqlbug usr/bin/mysql_config usr/bin/mysqldumpslow usr/bin/mysql_waitpid usr/bin/mysqlbinlog usr/bin/mysql_client_test usr/bin/perror usr/bin/mysql usr/bin/myisamchk usr/bin/mysql_setpermission usr/bin/mysqladmin usr/bin/mysql_zap usr/bin/mysql_tableinfo usr/bin/resolveip usr/share/ usr/share/mysql/ usr/share/mysql/errmsg.txt usr/share/mysql/swedish/ usr/share/mysql/swedish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_system_tables_data.sql usr/share/mysql/mysql.server usr/share/mysql/hungarian/ usr/share/mysql/hungarian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/norwegian/ usr/share/mysql/norwegian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/slovak/ usr/share/mysql/slovak/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/spanish/ usr/share/mysql/spanish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/polish/ usr/share/mysql/polish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/ukrainian/ usr/share/mysql/ukrainian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/danish/ usr/share/mysql/danish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/romanian/ usr/share/mysql/romanian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/english/ usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/charsets/ usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin2.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/greek.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8r.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin1.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp866.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/geostd8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1250.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8u.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp852.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/hebrew.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin7.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/README usr/share/mysql/charsets/ascii.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1251.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/macce.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin5.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/macroman.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1256.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/keybcs2.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/armscii8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/dec8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1257.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/hp8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp850.xml usr/share/mysql/korean/ usr/share/mysql/korean/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/german/ usr/share/mysql/german/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mi_test_all.res usr/share/mysql/greek/ usr/share/mysql/greek/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/french/ usr/share/mysql/french/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_fix_privilege_tables.sql usr/share/mysql/dutch/ usr/share/mysql/dutch/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/serbian/ usr/share/mysql/serbian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_system_tables.sql usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf usr/share/mysql/portuguese/ usr/share/mysql/portuguese/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/japanese/ usr/share/mysql/japanese/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_test_data_timezone.sql usr/share/mysql/russian/ usr/share/mysql/russian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/czech/ usr/share/mysql/czech/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/fill_help_tables.sql usr/share/mysql/estonian/ usr/share/mysql/estonian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny/ usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/my-small.cnf usr/share/mysql/mysql-log-rotate usr/share/mysql/italian/ usr/share/mysql/italian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/my-large.cnf usr/share/mysql/ndb-config-2-node.ini usr/share/mysql/binary-configure usr/share/mysql/mi_test_all usr/share/mysql/mysqld_multi.server usr/share/mysql/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf usr/doc/ usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/ usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/README usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/Docs/ usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/Docs/INSTALL-BINARY usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/COPYING usr/info/ usr/info/mysql.info.gz usr/libexec/ usr/libexec/mysqld usr/libexec/mysqlmanager usr/man/ usr/man/man8/ usr/man/man8/mysqlmanager.8.gz usr/man/man8/mysqld.8.gz usr/man/man1/ usr/man/man1/mysql_zap.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_setpermission.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql.1.gz usr/man/man1/msql2mysql.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_tableinfo.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_explain_log.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlcheck.1.gz usr/man/man1/comp_err.1.gz usr/man/man1/my_print_defaults.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlbinlog.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisam_ftdump.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_upgrade.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_client_test.1.gz usr/man/man1/resolve_stack_dump.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_fix_extensions.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlmanagerc.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_config.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlshow.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisamlog.1.gz usr/man/man1/replace.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlmanager-pwgen.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqltest.1.gz usr/man/man1/innochecksum.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqladmin.1.gz usr/man/man1/perror.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_waitpid.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_convert_table_format.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlman.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlimport.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlbug.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_find_rows.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisampack.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisamchk.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_fix_privilege_tables.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql-stress-test.pl.1.gz usr/man/man1/resolveip.1.gz usr/man/man1/make_win_bin_dist.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlhotcopy.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqld_multi.1.gz usr/man/man1/safe_mysqld.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_secure_installation.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_install_db.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqldump.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql-test-run.pl.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqld_safe.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlaccess.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql.server.1.gz usr/man/man1/make_win_src_distribution.1.gz etc/ etc/rc.d/ etc/rc.d/rc.mysqld.new etc/my-huge.cnf etc/my-medium.cnf etc/my-small.cnf etc/my-large.cnf /etc/rc.d/rc.mysqld is an ordinary Slackware-type start/stop script: #!/bin/sh # Start/stop/restart mysqld. # # Copyright 2003 Patrick J. Volkerding, Concord, CA # Copyright 2003 Slackware Linux, Inc., Concord, CA # # This program comes with NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. # You may redistribute copies of this program under the terms of the # GNU General Public License. # To start MySQL automatically at boot, be sure this script is executable: # chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/rc.mysqld # Before you can run MySQL, you must have a database. To install an initial # database, do this as root: # # su - mysql # mysql_install_db # # Note that step one is becoming the mysql user. It's important to do this # before making any changes to the database, or mysqld won't be able to write # to it later (this can be fixed with 'chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql'). # To allow outside connections to the database comment out the next line. # If you don't need incoming network connections, then leave the line # uncommented to improve system security. #SKIP="--skip-networking" # Start mysqld: mysqld_start() { if [ -x /usr/bin/mysqld_safe ]; then # If there is an old PID file (no mysqld running), clean it up: if [ -r /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid ]; then if ! ps axc | grep mysqld 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null ; then echo "Cleaning up old /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid." rm -f /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid fi fi /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid $SKIP & fi } # Stop mysqld: mysqld_stop() { # If there is no PID file, ignore this request... if [ -r /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid ]; then killall mysqld # Wait at least one minute for it to exit, as we don't know how big the DB is... for second in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 \ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 60 ; do if [ ! -r /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid ]; then break; fi sleep 1 done if [ "$second" = "60" ]; then echo "WARNING: Gave up waiting for mysqld to exit!" sleep 15 fi fi } # Restart mysqld: mysqld_restart() { mysqld_stop mysqld_start } case "$1" in 'start') mysqld_start ;; 'stop') mysqld_stop ;; 'restart') mysqld_restart ;; *) echo "usage $0 start|stop|restart" esac But there's also an unexpected init script on the machine, named /etc/init.d/mysql: #!/bin/sh # Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB # This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind # MySQL daemon start/stop script. # Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based # systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql. # When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is # started and shut down when the systems goes down. # Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux # chkconfig: 2345 64 36 # description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine. # Comments to support LSB init script conventions ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: mysql # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: start and stop MySQL # Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine. ### END INIT INFO # If you install MySQL on some other places than /usr, then you # have to do one of the following things for this script to work: # # - Run this script from within the MySQL installation directory # - Create a /etc/my.cnf file with the following information: # [mysqld] # basedir=<path-to-mysql-installation-directory> # - Add the above to any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini) # and copy my_print_defaults to /usr/bin # - Add the path to the mysql-installation-directory to the basedir variable # below. # # If you want to affect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes # in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files. # If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get # overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files. #basedir= #datadir= # Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting # for server start. # Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf. # 0 means don't wait at all # Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely service_startup_timeout=900 # The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things. # Set some defaults pid_file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid server_pid_file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid use_mysqld_safe=1 user=mysql if test -z "$basedir" then basedir=/usr bindir=/usr/bin if test -z "$datadir" then datadir=/var/lib/mysql fi sbindir=/usr/sbin libexecdir=/usr/libexec else bindir="$basedir/bin" if test -z "$datadir" then datadir="$basedir/data" fi sbindir="$basedir/sbin" libexecdir="$basedir/libexec" fi # datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be # *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.) datadir_set= # # Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible # lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions" if test -f $lsb_functions ; then . $lsb_functions else log_success_msg() { echo " SUCCESS! $@" } log_failure_msg() { echo " ERROR! $@" } fi PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin export PATH mode=$1 # start or stop shift other_args="$*" # uncommon, but needed when called from an RPM upgrade action # Expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables" # They are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility # of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only. case `echo "testing\c"`,`echo -n testing` in *c*,-n*) echo_n= echo_c= ;; *c*,*) echo_n=-n echo_c= ;; *) echo_n= echo_c='\c' ;; esac parse_server_arguments() { for arg do case "$arg" in --basedir=*) basedir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` bindir="$basedir/bin" if test -z "$datadir_set"; then datadir="$basedir/data" fi sbindir="$basedir/sbin" libexecdir="$basedir/libexec" ;; --datadir=*) datadir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` datadir_set=1 ;; --user=*) user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --pid-file=*) server_pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --use-mysqld_safe) use_mysqld_safe=1;; --use-manager) use_mysqld_safe=0;; esac done } parse_manager_arguments() { for arg do case "$arg" in --pid-file=*) pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --user=*) user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; esac done } wait_for_pid () { verb="$1" manager_pid="$2" # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file i=0 avoid_race_condition="by checking again" while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do case "$verb" in 'created') # wait for a PID-file to pop into existence. test -s $pid_file && i='' && break ;; 'removed') # wait for this PID-file to disappear test ! -s $pid_file && i='' && break ;; *) echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed manager_pid" exit 1 ;; esac # if manager isn't running, then pid-file will never be updated if test -n "$manager_pid"; then if kill -0 "$manager_pid" 2>/dev/null; then : # the manager still runs else # The manager may have exited between the last pid-file check and now. if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then avoid_race_condition="" continue # Check again. fi # there's nothing that will affect the file. log_failure_msg "Manager of pid-file quit without updating file." return 1 # not waiting any more. fi fi echo $echo_n ".$echo_c" i=`expr $i + 1` sleep 1 done if test -z "$i" ; then log_success_msg return 0 else log_failure_msg return 1 fi } # Get arguments from the my.cnf file, # the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld] if test -x ./bin/my_print_defaults then print_defaults="./bin/my_print_defaults" elif test -x $bindir/my_print_defaults then print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults" elif test -x $bindir/mysql_print_defaults then print_defaults="$bindir/mysql_print_defaults" else # Try to find basedir in /etc/my.cnf conf=/etc/my.cnf print_defaults= if test -r $conf then subpat='^[^=]*basedir[^=]*=\(.*\)$' dirs=`sed -e "/$subpat/!d" -e 's//\1/' $conf` for d in $dirs do d=`echo $d | sed -e 's/[ ]//g'` if test -x "$d/bin/my_print_defaults" then print_defaults="$d/bin/my_print_defaults" break fi if test -x "$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults" then print_defaults="$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults" break fi done fi # Hope it's in the PATH ... but I doubt it test -z "$print_defaults" && print_defaults="my_print_defaults" fi # # Read defaults file from 'basedir'. If there is no defaults file there # check if it's in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there # extra_args="" if test -r "$basedir/my.cnf" then extra_args="-e $basedir/my.cnf" else if test -r "$datadir/my.cnf" then extra_args="-e $datadir/my.cnf" fi fi parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args mysqld server mysql_server mysql.server` # Look for the pidfile parse_manager_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args manager` # # Set pid file if not given # if test -z "$pid_file" then pid_file=$datadir/mysqlmanager-`/bin/hostname`.pid else case "$pid_file" in /* ) ;; * ) pid_file="$datadir/$pid_file" ;; esac fi if test -z "$server_pid_file" then server_pid_file=$datadir/`/bin/hostname`.pid else case "$server_pid_file" in /* ) ;; * ) server_pid_file="$datadir/$server_pid_file" ;; esac fi case "$mode" in 'start') # Start daemon # Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..) cd $basedir manager=$bindir/mysqlmanager if test -x $libexecdir/mysqlmanager then manager=$libexecdir/mysqlmanager elif test -x $sbindir/mysqlmanager then manager=$sbindir/mysqlmanager fi echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL" if test -x $manager -a "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0" then if test -n "$other_args" then log_failure_msg "MySQL manager does not support options '$other_args'" exit 1 fi # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script may # be overwritten at next upgrade. $manager --user=$user --pid-file=$pid_file >/dev/null 2>&1 & wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$? # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -w /var/lock/subsys then touch /var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager fi exit $return_value elif test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe then # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script # may be overwritten at next upgrade. pid_file=$server_pid_file $bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$server_pid_file $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 & wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$? # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -w /var/lock/subsys then touch /var/lock/subsys/mysql fi exit $return_value else log_failure_msg "Couldn't find MySQL manager ($manager) or server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)" fi ;; 'stop') # Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the # root password. # The RedHat / SuSE lock directory to remove lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager # If the manager pid_file doesn't exist, try the server's if test ! -s "$pid_file" then pid_file=$server_pid_file lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysql fi if test -s "$pid_file" then mysqlmanager_pid=`cat $pid_file` echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL" kill $mysqlmanager_pid # mysqlmanager should remove the pid_file when it exits, so wait for it. wait_for_pid removed "$mysqlmanager_pid"; return_value=$? # delete lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -f $lock_dir then rm -f $lock_dir fi exit $return_value else log_failure_msg "MySQL manager or server PID file could not be found!" fi ;; 'restart') # Stop the service and regardless of whether it was # running or not, start it again. if $0 stop $other_args; then $0 start $other_args else log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start." exit 1 fi ;; 'reload'|'force-reload') if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then read mysqld_pid < $server_pid_file kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL" touch $server_pid_file else log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!" exit 1 fi ;; 'status') # First, check to see if pid file exists if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then read mysqld_pid < $server_pid_file if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)" exit 0 else log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists" exit 1 fi else # Try to find appropriate mysqld process mysqld_pid=`pidof $sbindir/mysqld` if test -z $mysqld_pid ; then if test "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0" ; then lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager else lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysql fi if test -f $lockfile ; then log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock exists" exit 2 fi log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running" exit 3 else log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found" exit 4 fi fi ;; *) # usage echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status} [ MySQL server options ]" exit 1 ;; esac exit 0 An unimportant aside: The previous users of the machine kept a messy home directory. Their home directory was /root. I've pasted a copy at http://www.pastebin.ca/2167496. My question: Why is there a /etc/init.d/mysql file on this Slackware machine? How could it have gotten there? P.S. This question is far from perfect. Please feel free to edit it.

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• Nginx1.6.1: Installing from source not running corectly

  - by Maca

  I just installed Nginx 1.6.1 from source but it didn't seem to installed correctly. Nginx is running if I service nginx status but when I do nginx -v it outputs command not found. Regular HTML page shows fine and there is no error in the error logs. I am on AWS Ec2 linux AMI. Here is my /etc/init.d/nginx script #!/bin/sh # # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon # # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \ # proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server # processname: nginx # config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx # pidfile: /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up. [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0 nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" prog=$(basename $nginx) NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" [ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx lockfile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.lock make_dirs() { # make required directories user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -` options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'` for opt in $options; do if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2` if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then # echo "creating" $value mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value fi fi done } start() { [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5 [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6 make_dirs echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile return $retval } stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc $prog -QUIT retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile return $retval } restart() { configtest || return $? stop sleep 1 start } reload() { configtest || return $? echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " killproc $nginx -HUP RETVAL=$? echo } force_reload() { restart } configtest() { $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE } rh_status() { status $prog } rh_status_q() { rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 } case "$1" in start) rh_status_q && exit 0 $1 ;; stop) rh_status_q || exit 0 $1 ;; restart|configtest) $1 ;; reload) rh_status_q || exit 7 $1 ;; force-reload) force_reload ;; status) rh_status ;; condrestart|try-restart) rh_status_q || exit 0 ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}" exit 2 esac

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• radvd is not assigning prefix

  - by Samik

  I'm currently trying to setup IPv6 address auto-configuration with router advertisement daemon (radvd) on a virtual machine running CentOS 6.5. But the eth0 interface is not obtaining that prefix. I've obtained the ULA prefix from here. Contents of /etc/sysctl.conf # Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux # # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and # sysctl.conf(5) for more details. # Controls IP packet forwarding net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1 # Controls source route verification net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 # Do not accept source routing net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 # Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel kernel.sysrq = 0 # Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename. # Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications. kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 # Controls the use of TCP syncookies net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 # Disable netfilter on bridges. net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 # Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue kernel.msgmnb = 65536 # Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes kernel.msgmax = 65536 # Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes kernel.shmmax = 68719476736 # Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages kernel.shmall = 4294967296 Contents of /etc/radvd.conf # NOTE: there is no such thing as a working "by-default" configuration file. # At least the prefix needs to be specified. Please consult the radvd.conf(5) # man page and/or /usr/share/doc/radvd-*/radvd.conf.example for help. # # interface eth0 { AdvSendAdvert on; MinRtrAdvInterval 3; MaxRtrAdvInterval 10; AdvDefaultPreference low; AdvHomeAgentFlag off; prefix fd8a:8d9d:808f:1::/64 { AdvOnLink on; AdvAutonomous on; AdvRouterAddr on; }; }; Contents of /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 HWADDR=52:54:00:74:d7:46 TYPE=Ethernet UUID=af5db1cb-e809-4098-be1a-5a74dbb767b1 ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=no BOOTPROTO=dhcp IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes I've also enabled radvd at startup through chkconfig. Though I noticed that radvd is starting after interfaces are brought up. I've tried restarting the network service afterwards but still I get the following link-local address only #ip -6 addr show 1: lo: mtu 16436 inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: mtu 1500 qlen 1000 inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe74:d746/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever Edit: Based on the answer given by Sander Steffann I still need clarification on some points but I'm posting here what worked. Contents of /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=syslog-ng-server NETWORKING_IPV6=yes IPV6FORWARDING=yes Contents of /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 HWADDR=52:54:00:74:d7:46 TYPE=Ethernet UUID=af5db1cb-e809-4098-be1a-5a74dbb767b1 ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=no BOOTPROTO=dhcp IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes IPV6FORWARDING=no Removed following line from /etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1 Contents of /etc/radvd.conf is as previous.

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• DKIM error: dkim=neutral (bad version) header.i=

  - by GBC

  Ive been struggling the last couple of hours with setting up DKIM on my Postfix/CentOS 5.3 server. It finally sends and signs the emails, but apparently Google still does not like it. The errors I'm getting are: dkim=neutral (bad version) [email protected] from googles "show original" interface. This is what my DKIM-signature header look like: v=1; a=rsa-sha1; c=simple/simple; d=mydomain.com.au; s=default; t=1267326852; bh=0wHpkjkf7ZEiP2VZXAse+46PC1c=; h=Date:From:Message-Id:To:Subject; b=IFBaqfXmFjEojWXI/WQk4OzqglNjBWYk3jlFC8sHLLRAcADj6ScX3bzd+No7zos6i KppG9ifwYmvrudgEF+n1VviBnel7vcVT6dg5cxOTu7y31kUApR59dRU5nPR/to0E9l dXMaBoYPG8edyiM+soXo7rYNtlzk+0wd5glgFP1I= Very appreciative of any suggestions as to how I can solve this problem! Btw, here is exactly how I installed dkim-milter in CentOS 5.3 for postfix, if anyone is interested (based on this guide): mkdir dkim-milter cd dkim-milter wget http://www.topdog-software.com/oss/dkim-milter/dkim-milter-2.8.3-1.x86_64.rpm ======S====== Newest version: http://www.topdog-software.com/oss/dkim-milter/ ======E====== rpm -Uvh dkim-milter-2.8.3-1.x86_64.rpm /usr/bin/dkim-genkey -r -d mydomain.com.au ======S====== add contents of default.txt to DNS as TXT _ssp._domainkey TXT dkim=unknown _adsp._domainkey TXT dkim=unknown default._domainkey TXT v=DKIM1; g=*; k=rsa; p=MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GWETBNiQKBgQC5KT1eN2lqCRQGDX+20I4liM2mktrtjWkV6mW9WX7q46cZAYgNrus53vgfl2z1Y/95mBv6Bx9WOS56OAVBQw62+ksXPT5cRUAUN9GkENPdOoPdpvrU1KdAMW5c3zmGOvEOa4jAlB4/wYTV5RkLq/1XLxXfTKNy58v+CKETLQS/eQIDAQAB ======E====== mv default.private default mkdir /etc/mail/dkim/keys/mydomain.com.au mv default /etc/mail/dkim/keys/mydomain.com.au chmod 600 /etc/mail/dkim/keys/mydomain.com.au/default chown dkim-milt.dkim-milt /etc/mail/dkim/keys/mydomain.com.au/default vim /etc/dkim-filter.conf ======S====== ADSPDiscard yes ADSPNoSuchDomain yes AllowSHA1Only no AlwaysAddARHeader no AutoRestart yes AutoRestartRate 10/1h BaseDirectory /var/run/dkim-milter Canonicalization simple/simple Domain mydomain.com.au #add all your domains here and seperate them with comma ExternalIgnoreList /etc/mail/dkim/trusted-hosts InternalHosts /etc/mail/dkim/trusted-hosts KeyList /etc/mail/dkim/keylist LocalADSP /etc/mail/dkim/local-adsp-rules Mode sv MTA MSA On-Default reject On-BadSignature reject On-DNSError tempfail On-InternalError accept On-NoSignature accept On-Security discard PidFile /var/run/dkim-milter/dkim-milter.pid QueryCache yes RemoveOldSignatures yes Selector default SignatureAlgorithm rsa-sha1 Socket inet:20209@localhost Syslog yes SyslogSuccess yes TemporaryDirectory /var/tmp UMask 022 UserID dkim-milt:dkim-milt X-Header yes ======E====== vim /etc/mail/dkim/keylist ======S====== *@mydomain.com.au:mydomain.com.au:/etc/mail/dkim/keys/mydomain.com.au/default ======E====== vim /etc/postfix/main.cf ======S====== Add: smtpd_milters = inet:localhost:20209 non_smtpd_milters = inet:localhost:20209 milter_protocol = 2 milter_default_action = accept ======E====== vim /etc/mail/dkim/trusted-hosts ======S====== localhost 127.0.0.1 ======E====== /etc/mail/local-host-names ======S====== localhost 127.0.0.1 ======E====== /sbin/chkconfig dkim-milter on /etc/init.d/dkim-milter start /etc/init.d/postfix restart

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• Memcached Debuging/Server Logs Monitor the Memcached Servers?

  - by user1179459

  I have chat engine which is based on the Memcached variables, putting them into arrays and reading them in other end via jquery, which works fine 95% of the times, however when the server load is high memcached (presume its the memcached) the crash and browser gets stucks up. I dont think its jquery issue since this only happens when the server load is very high. I need a way to monitor the memcached servers or somehow write a log file into where the fails/errors comes in... Any idea on how i can do this ? or any idea why memcached servers fails ? I run the memcached as follows $GLOBALS['MemCached'] = FALSE; $GLOBALS['MemCached'] = new Memcache; $GLOBALS['MemCached']->pconnect('localhost', 11211); My memcached config is as follows #! /bin/sh # # chkconfig: - 55 45 # description: The memcached daemon is a network memory cache service. # processname: memcached # config: /etc/sysconfig/memcached # pidfile: /var/run/memcached/memcached.pid # Standard LSB functions #. /lib/lsb/init-functions # Source function library. . /etc/init.d/functions PORT=11211 USER=memcached MAXCONN=1024 CACHESIZE=128 OPTIONS="" if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/memcached ];then . /etc/sysconfig/memcached fi # Check that networking is up. . /etc/sysconfig/network if [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] then exit 0 fi RETVAL=0 prog="memcached" pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/memcached/memcached.pid} lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/memcached} start () { echo -n $"Starting $prog: " # Ensure that /var/run/memcached has proper permissions if [ "`stat -c %U /var/run/memcached`" != "$USER" ]; then chown $USER /var/run/memcached fi daemon --pidfile ${pidfile} memcached -d -p $PORT -u $USER -m $CACHESIZE -c $MAXCONN -P ${pidfile} $OPTIONS RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch ${lockfile} } stop () { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc -p ${pidfile} /usr/bin/memcached RETVAL=$? echo if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] ; then rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile} fi } restart () { stop start } # See how we were called. case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; status) status -p ${pidfile} memcached RETVAL=$? ;; restart|reload|force-reload) restart ;; condrestart|try-restart) [ -f ${lockfile} ] && restart || : ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|reload|force-reload|condrestart|try-restart}" RETVAL=2 ;; esac exit $RETVAL

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• Starting/Stopping Custom PHP Chat Server Linux Service (CentOS)

  - by chad

  I have been trying all night to get this service working properly. I created this script from a template and am very new to bash coding. I wrote a fully functioning chat server in php which runs endlessly, but now want to make it a dedicated service. I want to do this so that it starts on server boot and boots back up if possible when there are any down-times with the server. The issue is that I need this thing to run in a detached screen so that I can monitor packet data or send server commands via SSH when need-be. The main problem that i'm having is that it needs to have its own PID when it starts so that I can stop/restart it when needed. I am the type who grinds on coding until I figure it out, but this is so new to me that it seems the learning curve here is very steep and frustrating. Below is my code if anybody can please help me with this one, i've gotten so tired I can't even concentrate any more :( #!/bin/sh # # chatserver # # chkconfig: 345 20 90 # description: chatServer Linux Service Daemon \ # for general server handling ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: chatserver # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $named $syslog # Required-Stop: $local_fs $syslog # Default-Start: 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 2 6 # Short-Description: This service maintains the chatServer # Description: chatServer Linux Service Daemon # for general server handling ### END INIT INFO # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions exec="screen php -q /var/www/html/chatServer.php" prog="chatserver" config="/etc/sysconfig/$prog" pidfile="/var/run/chatserver.pid" [ -e /etc/sysconfig/$prog ] && . /etc/sysconfig/$prog lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/$prog start() { #$exec || exit 5 echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $exec --name=$exec --pidfile=$pidfile retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile return $retval } stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc -p $pidfile rm -f $pidfile retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile return $retval } restart() { stop start } reload() { restart } force_reload() { restart } rh_status() { # run checks to determine if the service is running or use generic status status $prog } rh_status_q() { rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 } case "$1" in start) rh_status_q && exit 0 $1 ;; stop) rh_status_q || exit 0 $1 ;; restart) $1 ;; reload) rh_status_q || exit 7 $1 ;; force-reload) force_reload ;; status) rh_status ;; condrestart|try-restart) rh_status_q || exit 0 restart ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload}" exit 2 esac exit $?

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• Explanation of the init.d/scripts Fedora

  - by Shahmir Javaid

  Below is a copy of vsftpd, i need some explanations of some of the scripts mentioned below in this script: #!/bin/bash # ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: vsftpd # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $named $remote_fs $syslog # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $named $remote_fs $syslog # Short-Description: Very Secure Ftp Daemon # Description: vsftpd is a Very Secure FTP daemon. It was written completely from # scratch ### END INIT INFO # vsftpd This shell script takes care of starting and stopping # standalone vsftpd. # # chkconfig: - 60 50 # description: Vsftpd is a ftp daemon, which is the program \ # that answers incoming ftp service requests. # processname: vsftpd # config: /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network RETVAL=0 prog="vsftpd" start() { # Start daemons. # Check that networking is up. [ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 1 [ -x /usr/sbin/vsftpd ] || exit 1 if [ -d /etc/vsftpd ] ; then CONFS=`ls /etc/vsftpd/*.conf 2>/dev/null` [ -z "$CONFS" ] && exit 6 for i in $CONFS; do site=`basename $i .conf` echo -n $"Starting $prog for $site: " daemon /usr/sbin/vsftpd $i RETVAL=$? echo if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then touch /var/lock/subsys/$prog break else if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog ]; then RETVAL=0 break fi fi done else RETVAL=1 fi return $RETVAL } stop() { # Stop daemons. echo -n $"Shutting down $prog: " killproc $prog RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog return $RETVAL } # See how we were called. case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; restart|reload) stop start RETVAL=$? ;; condrestart|try-restart|force-reload) if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog ]; then stop start RETVAL=$? fi ;; status) status $prog RETVAL=$? ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|try-restart|force-reload|status}" exit 1 esac exit $RETVAL Question I What the hell is the difference between the && and || signs in the below commands, and is it just an easy way to do a simple if check or is it completely different to a if[..something..]; then ..something.. fi: # Check that networking is up. [ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 1 [ -x /usr/sbin/vsftpd ] || exit 1 Question II i get what -eq and -gt is (equal to, greater than) but is there a simple website that explains what -x, -d and -f are? Any help would be apreciated Running Fedora 12 on my OS. Script copied from /etc/init.d/vsftpd Question III It says required starts are $local_fs $network $named $remote_fs $syslog but i cant see any where it checks for those.

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• Nodemanager Init.d Script

  - by john.graves(at)oracle.com

  I’ve seen many of these floating around.  This is my favourite on an Ubuntu based machine. Just throw it into the /etc/init.d directory and update the following lines: export MW_HOME=/opt/app/wls10.3.4 user='weblogic' Then run: update-rc.d nodemanager default Everything else should be ok for 10.3.4. #!/bin/sh # ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: nodemanager # Required-Start: # Required-Stop: # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: WebLogic Nodemanager ### END INIT INFO # nodemgr Oracle Weblogic NodeManager service # # chkconfig: 345 85 15 # description: Oracle Weblogic NodeManager service # ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: nodemgr # Required-Start: $network $local_fs # Required-Stop: # Should-Start: # Should-Stop: # Default-Start: 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 2 6 # Short-Description: Oracle Weblogic NodeManager service. # Description: Starts and stops Oracle Weblogic NodeManager. ### END INIT INFO # Source function library. . /lib/lsb/init-functions # set Weblogic environment defining CLASSPATH and LD_LIBRARY_PATH # to start/stop various components. export MW_HOME=/opt/app/wls10.3.4 # # Note: # The setWLSEnv.sh not only does a good job of setting the environment, # but also advertises the fact explicitly in the console! Silence it. # . $MW_HOME/wlserver_10.3/server/bin/setWLSEnv.sh > /dev/null # set NodeManager environment export NodeManagerHome=$WL_HOME/common/nodemanager NodeManagerLockFile=$NodeManagerHome/nodemanager.log.lck # check JAVA_HOME if [ -z ${JAVA_HOME:-} ]; then export JAVA_HOME=/opt/sun/products/java/jdk1.6.0_18 fi exec=$MW_HOME/wlserver_10.3/server/bin/startNodeManager.sh prog='nodemanager' user='weblogic' is_nodemgr_running() { local nodemgr_cnt=`ps -ef | \ grep -i 'java ' | \ grep -i ' weblogic.NodeManager ' | \ grep -v grep | \ wc -l` echo $nodemgr_cnt } get_nodemgr_pid() { nodemgr_pid=0 if [ `is_nodemgr_running` -eq 1 ]; then nodemgr_pid=`ps -ef | \ grep -i 'java ' | \ grep -i ' weblogic.NodeManager ' | \ grep -v grep | \ tr -s ' ' | \ cut -d' ' -f2` fi echo $nodemgr_pid } check_nodemgr_status () { local retval=0 local nodemgr_cnt=`is_nodemgr_running` if [ $nodemgr_cnt -eq 0 ]; then if [ -f $NodeManagerLockFile ]; then retval=2 else retval=3 fi elif [ $nodemgr_cnt -gt 1 ]; then retval=4 else retval=0 fi echo $retval } start() { ulimit -n 65535 [ -x $exec ] || exit 5 echo -n $"Starting $prog: " su $user -c "$exec &" retval=$? echo return $retval } stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " kill -s 9 `get_nodemgr_pid` &> /dev/null retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $NodeManagerLockFile return $retval } restart() { stop start } reload() { restart } force_reload() { restart } rh_status() { local retval=`check_nodemgr_status` if [ $retval -eq 0 ]; then echo "$prog (pid:`get_nodemgr_pid`) is running..." elif [ $retval -eq 4 ]; then echo "Multiple instances of $prog are running..." else echo "$prog is stopped" fi return $retval } rh_status_q() { rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 } case "$1" in start) rh_status_q && exit 0 $1 ;; stop) rh_status_q || exit 0 $1 ;; restart) $1 ;; reload) rh_status_q || exit 7 $1 ;; force-reload) force_reload ;; status) rh_status ;; condrestart|try-restart) rh_status_q || exit 0 restart ;; *) echo -n "Usage: $0 {" echo -n "start|" echo -n "stop|" echo -n "status|" echo -n "restart|" echo -n "condrestart|" echo -n "try-restart|" echo -n "reload|" echo -n "force-reload" echo "}" exit 2 esac exit $? .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

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• Call to daemon in a /etc/init.d script is blocking, not running in background

  - by tony

  I have a Perl script that I want to daemonize. Basically this perl script will read a directory every 30 seconds, read the files that it finds and then process the data. To keep it simple here consider the following Perl script (called synpipe_server, there is a symbolic link of this script in /usr/sbin/) : #!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use warnings; my $continue = 1; $SIG{'TERM'} = sub { $continue = 0; print "Caught TERM signal\n"; }; $SIG{'INT'} = sub { $continue = 0; print "Caught INT signal\n"; }; my $i = 0; while ($continue) { #do stuff print "Hello, I am running " . ++$i . "\n"; sleep 3; } So this script basically prints something every 3 seconds. Then, as I want to daemonize this script, I've also put this bash script (also called synpipe_server) in /etc/init.d/ : #!/bin/bash # synpipe_server : This starts and stops synpipe_server # # chkconfig: 12345 12 88 # description: Monitors all production pipelines # processname: synpipe_server # pidfile: /var/run/synpipe_server.pid # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions pname="synpipe_server" exe="/usr/sbin/synpipe_server" pidfile="/var/run/${pname}.pid" lockfile="/var/lock/subsys/${pname}" [ -x $exe ] || exit 0 RETVAL=0 start() { echo -n "Starting $pname : " daemon ${exe} RETVAL=$? PID=$! echo [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch ${lockfile} echo $PID > ${pidfile} } stop() { echo -n "Shutting down $pname : " killproc ${exe} RETVAL=$? echo if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then rm -f ${lockfile} rm -f ${pidfile} fi } restart() { echo -n "Restarting $pname : " stop sleep 2 start } case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; status) status ${pname} ;; restart) restart ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart}" ;; esac exit 0 So, (if I have well understood the doc for daemon) the Perl script should run in the background and the output should be redirected to /dev/null if I execute : service synpipe_server start But here is what I get instead : [root@master init.d]# service synpipe_server start Starting synpipe_server : Hello, I am running 1 Hello, I am running 2 Hello, I am running 3 Hello, I am running 4 Caught INT signal [ OK ] [root@master init.d]# So it starts the Perl script but runs it without detaching it from the current terminal session, and I can see the output printed in my console ... which is not really what I was expecting. Moreover, the PID file is empty (or with a line feed only, no pid returned by daemon). Does anyone have any idea of what I am doing wrong ? EDIT : maybe I should say that I am on a Red Hat machine. Scientific Linux SL release 5.4 (Boron) Would it do the job if instead of using the daemon function, I use something like : nohup ${exe} >/dev/null 2>&1 & in the init script ?

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• RHCS: GFS2 in A/A cluster with common storage. Configuring GFS with rgmanager

  - by Pavel A

  I'm configuring a two node A/A cluster with a common storage attached via iSCSI, which uses GFS2 on top of clustered LVM. So far I have prepared a simple configuration, but am not sure which is the right way to configure gfs resource. Here is the rm section of /etc/cluster/cluster.conf: <rm> <failoverdomains> <failoverdomain name="node1" nofailback="0" ordered="0" restricted="1"> <failoverdomainnode name="rhc-n1"/> </failoverdomain> <failoverdomain name="node2" nofailback="0" ordered="0" restricted="1"> <failoverdomainnode name="rhc-n2"/> </failoverdomain> </failoverdomains> <resources> <script file="/etc/init.d/clvm" name="clvmd"/> <clusterfs name="gfs" fstype="gfs2" mountpoint="/mnt/gfs" device="/dev/vg-cs/lv-gfs"/> </resources> <service name="shared-storage-inst1" autostart="0" domain="node1" exclusive="0" recovery="restart"> <script ref="clvmd"> <clusterfs ref="gfs"/> </script> </service> <service name="shared-storage-inst2" autostart="0" domain="node2" exclusive="0" recovery="restart"> <script ref="clvmd"> <clusterfs ref="gfs"/> </script> </service> </rm> This is what I mean: when using clusterfs resource agent to handle GFS partition, it is not unmounted by default (unless force_unmount option is given). This way when I issue clusvcadm -s shared-storage-inst1 clvm is stopped, but GFS is not unmounted, so a node cannot alter LVM structure on shared storage anymore, but can still access data. And even though a node can do it quite safely (dlm is still running), this seems to be rather inappropriate to me, since clustat reports that the service on a particular node is stopped. Moreover if I later try to stop cman on that node, it will find a dlm locking, produced by GFS, and fail to stop. I could have simply added force_unmount="1", but I would like to know what is the reason behind the default behavior. Why is it not unmounted? Most of the examples out there silently use force_unmount="0", some don't, but none of them give any clue on how the decision was made. Apart from that I have found sample configurations, where people manage GFS partitions with gfs2 init script - https://alteeve.ca/w/2-Node_Red_Hat_KVM_Cluster_Tutorial#Defining_The_Resources or even as simply as just enabling services such as clvm and gfs2 to start automatically at boot (http://pbraun.nethence.com/doc/filesystems/gfs2.html), like: chkconfig gfs2 on If I understand the latest approach correctly, such cluster only controls whether nodes are still alive and can fence errant ones, but such cluster has no control over the status of its resources. I have some experience with Pacemaker and I'm used to that all resources are controlled by a cluster and an action can be taken when not only there are connectivity issues, but any of the resources misbehave. So, which is the right way for me to go: leave GFS partition mounted (any reasons to do so?) set force_unmount="1". Won't this break anything? Why this is not the default? use script resource <script file="/etc/init.d/gfs2" name="gfs"/> to manage GFS partition. start it at boot and don't include in cluster.conf (any reasons to do so?) This may be a sort of question that cannot be answered unambiguously, so it would be also of much value for me if you shared your experience or expressed your thoughts on the issue. How does for example /etc/cluster/cluster.conf look like when configuring gfs with Conga or ccs (they are not available to me since for now I have to use Ubuntu for the cluster)? Thanks you very much!

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• Begin the Clone Wars Have!

  - by Antony Reynolds

  Creating a New Virtual Machine from an Existing Virtual Disk In previous posts I described how I set up an OEL6 machine under VirtualBox that can run an 11gR2 database and FMW 11.1.1.5.  That is great if you want the DB and FMW running in the same virtual image and it has served me well for some proof of concepts and also for some testing of different JVMs.  However I also wanted to run some testing of FMW with the database running on a separate physical machine.  So in this post I will show how to take a VirtualBox image and create a new image based on the disks from that original image. What are my Options? There is more than one way to skin a cat, or in this case to create two separate VMs that can run on different hardware.  Some of the options include: Create new virtual disk images for each new VM. Clone the existing disk images and point the new VM at the cloned images. Point the new VM at the existing snapshots. #1 is too much like hard work, install OEL twice, install a database again, install FMW again, run RCU again!  Life is too short! #2 is probably the safest way of doing things.  VirtualBox allows you to clone a disk image for use in a separate machine.  However this of course duplicates the disk and means that it is now occupying 3 times the space, once for the original disk and twice more for the two clones I would need. #3 is the most space efficient way of doing things.  It does mean however that I can only run the new “cloned” images if I have access to the original image because that is where the base snapshots reside.  However this is not a problem for me as long as I remember to keep all threee images together.  So this is the approach we will follow. Snapshot, What Snapshot? As we are going to create new virtual machines based on existing snapshots we need to figure out which snapshot to use.  We do this by opening the “Media Manager” from within VirtualBox and moving the mouse over the snapshot images until we find the snapshots we want – the snapshot name is identified in the “Attached to:” comment.  In my case I wanted the FMW installed snapshot because that had a database configured for FMW alongside the FMW software.  I made a note of the filename of that snapshot (actually I just noted the first 5 characters as that was all that was needed to uniquely identify the snapshot file). When we create the new machines we will point them at the snapshot filename we have just checked. Network or NotWork? Because we want the two new machines to communicate with each other when hosted in different physical machines we can’t use the default NAT networking mode without a lot of hassle.  But at the same time we need them to have fixed IP addresses relative to each other so that they can see each other whilst also being able to see the outside world. To achieve all these requirements I created two network adapters for each machine.  Adapter 1 was a standard NAT mapping.  This will allow each machine to get a dynamic IP address (10.0.2.15 by default) that can be used to access the external world through the VBox provided NAT gateway.  This is the same as the existing configuration. The second adapter I created as a bridged adapter.  This gives the virtual machine direct access to the host network card and by using fixed IP addresses each machine can see the other.  It is important to choose fixed IP addresses that are not routable across your internal network so you don’t get any clashes with other machines on your network.  Of course you could always get proper fixed IP addresses from your network people, but I have serveral people using my images and as long as I don’t have two instances of the same VM on the same network segment this is easier and avoids reconfiguring the network every time someone wants a copy of my VM.  If it is available I would suggest using the 10.0.3.* network as 10.0.2.* is the default NAT network.  You can check availability by pinging 10.0.3.1 and 10.0.3.2 from your host machine.  If it times out then you are probably safe to use that. Creating the New VMs Now that I had collected the data that I needed I went ahead and created the new VMs. When asked for a “Boot Hard Disk” I used the “Choose a virtual hard disk file…” link to find the snapshot I had previously selected and set that to be the existing hard disk.  I chose the previously existing SOA 11.1.1.5 install for both the new DB and FMW machines because that snapshot had the database with the RCU completed that I wanted for my DB machine and it had the SOA software installed which I wanted for my FMW machine. After the initial creation of the virtual machine go into the network setting section and enable a second adapter which will be bridged.  Make a note of the MAC addresses (the last four digits should be sufficient) of the two adapters so that you can later set the bridged adapter to use fixed IP and the NAT adapter to use DHCP. We are now ready to start the VMs and reconfigure Linux. Reconfiguring Linux Because I now have two new machines I need to change their network configuration.  In particular I need to change the hostname, update the hosts file and change the network settings. Changing the Hostname I renamed both hosts by running the hostname command as root: hostname vboxfmw.oracle.com I also edited the /etc/sysconfig file and set the correct hostname in there. HOSTNAME=vboxfmw.oracle.com Changing the Network Settings I needed to change the network configuration to give the bridged network a fixed IP address.  I first explicitly set the MAC addresses of the two adapters, because the order of the virtual adapters in the VirtualBox Manager is not necessarily the same as the order of the adapters in the guest OS.  So I went in to the System->Preferences->Network Connections screen and explicitly set the “Device MAC address” for the two adapters. Having correctly mapped the Linux adapters to the VirtualBox adapters I then set the Bridged adapter to use fixed IP addressing rather than DHCP.  There is no need for additional routing or default gateways because we expect the two machine to be on the same LAN segment. Updating the Hosts File Having renamed the machines and reconfigured the network I then updated the /etc/hosts file to refer to the new machine name add a new line to the hosts file to provide an additional IP address for my server (the new fixed IP address) add a new line for the fixed IP address of the other virtual machine 10.0.3.101      vboxdb.oracle.com       vboxdb  # Added by NetworkManager 10.0.2.15       vboxdb.oracle.com       vboxdb  # Added by NetworkManager 10.0.3.102      vboxfmw.oracle.com      vboxfmw # Added by NetworkManager 127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain   localhost ::1     vboxdb.oracle.com       vboxdb  localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 To make sure everything takes effect I restarted the server. Reconfiguring the Database on the DB Machine Because we changed the hostname the listener and the EM console no longer start so I need to modify the listener.ora to use the new hostname and I also need to rebuild the EM configuration because it also relies on the hostname. I edited the $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora and changed the listening address to the new hostname:       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = vboxdb.oracle.com)(PORT = 1521)) After changing the listener.ora I was able to start the listener using: lsnrctl start I also had to reconfigure the EM database control.  I first deconfigured it using the command: emca -deconfig dbcontrol db -repos drop This drops the repository and removes any existing registered dbcontrols. I then re-configured it using the following command: emca -config dbcontrol db -repos create This creates the EM repository and then configures and starts dbcontrol. Now my database machine is ready so I can close it down and take a snapshot. Disabling the Database on the FMW Machine I set up the database to start automatically by creating a service called “dbora”.  On the FMW machine I do not need the database running so I can prevent it auto-starting by running the following command: chkconfig –del dbora Note that because I am using a snapshot it is not a waste of disk space to have the DB installed but not used.  As long as I don’t run it, it won’t cost me anything. I can now close the FMW machine down and take a snapshot. Creating a New Domain The FMW machine is now ready to create a new domain.  When creating the domain I can point it at the second machine which is running the database.  I can potentially run these machines on two separate physical machines as long as I have the original virtual machine available to both of the physical machines. Gotchas in Snapshotting VirtualBox does not support the concept of linked machines in a network like some virtualization technologies so when creating a snapshot it is a good idea to shut both VMs down and then take a snapshot on both of them.  This is because we want to keep the database in sync with the middleware.  One way to make sure that this happens would be to place all the domain configuration files on the database server via an NFS share, this would mean that all we would need to snapshot would be the database machine because that would hold all the state and configuration. The Sky’s the Limit We have covered a simple case of having just two machines.  I have a more complicated configuration in which two machine run a RAC database off the same base OS image, and two more machines run a SOA cluster based on the same OS image.  Just remember what machine holds state and what are the consequences of taking a snapshot.

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• puma init.d for centos 6 fails with runuser: user /var/log/puma.log does not exist

  - by Rubytastic

  Trying to get a init.d/puma to work on Centos 6. It throws error runuser: user /var/log/puma.log does not exist I run this from the /srv/books/current folder but it fails. I tried to debug the values but not quite get what is missing and why it throws this error. #! /bin/sh # puma - this script starts and stops the puma daemon # # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: Puma # processname: puma # config: /etc/puma.conf # pidfile: /srv/books/current/tmp/pids/puma.pid # Author: Darío Javier Cravero &lt;[email protected]> # # Do NOT "set -e" # Original script https://github.com/puma/puma/blob/master/tools/jungle/puma # It was modified here by Stanislaw Pankevich <[email protected]> # to run on CentOS 5.5 boxes. # Script works perfectly on CentOS 5: script uses its native daemon(). # Puma is being stopped/restarted by sending signals, control app is not used. # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up. [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0 # PATH should only include /usr/* if it runs after the mountnfs.sh script PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin/:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin DESC="Puma rack web server" NAME=puma DAEMON=$NAME SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME CONFIG=/etc/puma.conf JUNGLE=`cat $CONFIG` RUNPUMA=/usr/local/bin/run-puma # Skipping the following non-CentOS string # Load the VERBOSE setting and other rcS variables # . /lib/init/vars.sh # CentOS does not have these functions natively log_daemon_msg() { echo "$@"; } log_end_msg() { [ $1 -eq 0 ] && RES=OK; logger ${RES:=FAIL}; } # Define LSB log_* functions. # Depend on lsb-base (>= 3.0-6) to ensure that this file is present. . /lib/lsb/init-functions # # Function that performs a clean up of puma.* files # cleanup() { echo "Cleaning up puma temporary files..." echo $1; PIDFILE=$1/tmp/puma/puma.pid STATEFILE=$1/tmp/puma/puma.state SOCKFILE=$1/tmp/puma/puma.sock rm -f $PIDFILE $STATEFILE $SOCKFILE } # # Function that starts the jungle # do_start() { log_daemon_msg "=> Running the jungle..." for i in $JUNGLE; do dir=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 1` user=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 2` config_file=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 3` if [ "$config_file" = "" ]; then config_file="$dir/puma/config.rb" fi log_file=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 4` if [ "$log_file" = "" ]; then log_file="$dir/puma/puma.log" fi do_start_one $dir $user $config_file $log_file done } do_start_one() { PIDFILE=$1/puma/puma.pid if [ -e $PIDFILE ]; then PID=`cat $PIDFILE` # If the puma isn't running, run it, otherwise restart it. if [ "`ps -A -o pid= | grep -c $PID`" -eq 0 ]; then do_start_one_do $1 $2 $3 $4 else do_restart_one $1 fi else do_start_one_do $1 $2 $3 $4 fi } do_start_one_do() { log_daemon_msg "--> Woke up puma $1" log_daemon_msg "user $2" log_daemon_msg "log to $4" cleanup $1; daemon --user $2 $RUNPUMA $1 $3 $4 } # # Function that stops the jungle # do_stop() { log_daemon_msg "=> Putting all the beasts to bed..." for i in $JUNGLE; do dir=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 1` do_stop_one $dir done } # # Function that stops the daemon/service # do_stop_one() { log_daemon_msg "--> Stopping $1" PIDFILE=$1/tmp/puma/puma.pid STATEFILE=$1/tmp/puma/puma.state echo $PIDFILE if [ -e $PIDFILE ]; then PID=`cat $PIDFILE` echo "Pid:" echo $PID if [ "`ps -A -o pid= | grep -c $PID`" -eq 0 ]; then log_daemon_msg "---> Puma $1 isn't running." else log_daemon_msg "---> About to kill PID `cat $PIDFILE`" # pumactl --state $STATEFILE stop # Many daemons don't delete their pidfiles when they exit. kill -9 $PID fi cleanup $1 else log_daemon_msg "---> No puma here..." fi return 0 } # # Function that restarts the jungle # do_restart() { for i in $JUNGLE; do dir=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 1` do_restart_one $dir done } # # Function that sends a SIGUSR2 to the daemon/service # do_restart_one() { PIDFILE=$1/tmp/puma/puma.pid i=`grep $1 $CONFIG` dir=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 1` if [ -e $PIDFILE ]; then log_daemon_msg "--> About to restart puma $1" # pumactl --state $dir/tmp/puma/state restart kill -s USR2 `cat $PIDFILE` # TODO Check if process exist else log_daemon_msg "--> Your puma was never playing... Let's get it out there first" user=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 2` config_file=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 3` if [ "$config_file" = "" ]; then config_file="$dir/config/puma.rb" fi log_file=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 4` if [ "$log_file" = "" ]; then log_file="$dir/log/puma.log" fi do_start_one $dir $user $config_file $log_file fi return 0 } # # Function that statuss then jungle # do_status() { for i in $JUNGLE; do dir=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 1` do_status_one $dir done } # # Function that sends a SIGUSR2 to the daemon/service # do_status_one() { PIDFILE=$1/tmp/puma/pid i=`grep $1 $CONFIG` dir=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 1` if [ -e $PIDFILE ]; then log_daemon_msg "--> About to status puma $1" pumactl --state $dir/tmp/puma/state stats # kill -s USR2 `cat $PIDFILE` # TODO Check if process exist else log_daemon_msg "--> $1 isn't there :(..." fi return 0 } do_add() { str="" # App's directory if [ -d "$1" ]; then if [ "`grep -c "^$1" $CONFIG`" -eq 0 ]; then str=$1 else echo "The app is already being managed. Remove it if you want to update its config." exit 1 fi else echo "The directory $1 doesn't exist." exit 1 fi # User to run it as if [ "`grep -c "^$2:" /etc/passwd`" -eq 0 ]; then echo "The user $2 doesn't exist." exit 1 else str="$str,$2" fi # Config file if [ "$3" != "" ]; then if [ -e $3 ]; then str="$str,$3" else echo "The config file $3 doesn't exist." exit 1 fi fi # Log file if [ "$4" != "" ]; then str="$str,$4" fi # Add it to the jungle echo $str >> $CONFIG log_daemon_msg "Added a Puma to the jungle: $str. You still have to start it though." } do_remove() { if [ "`grep -c "^$1" $CONFIG`" -eq 0 ]; then echo "There's no app $1 to remove." else # Stop it first. do_stop_one $1 # Remove it from the config. sed -i "\\:^$1:d" $CONFIG log_daemon_msg "Removed a Puma from the jungle: $1." fi } case "$1" in start) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME" if [ "$#" -eq 1 ]; then do_start else i=`grep $2 $CONFIG` dir=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 1` user=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 2` config_file=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 3` if [ "$config_file" = "" ]; then config_file="$dir/config/puma.rb" fi log_file=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 4` if [ "$log_file" = "" ]; then log_file="$dir/log/puma.log" fi do_start_one $dir $user $config_file $log_file fi case "$?" in 0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;; 2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;; esac ;; stop) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME" if [ "$#" -eq 1 ]; then do_stop else i=`grep $2 $CONFIG` dir=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 1` do_stop_one $dir fi case "$?" in 0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;; 2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;; esac ;; status) # TODO Implement. log_daemon_msg "Status $DESC" "$NAME" if [ "$#" -eq 1 ]; then do_status else i=`grep $2 $CONFIG` dir=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 1` do_status_one $dir fi case "$?" in 0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;; 2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;; esac ;; restart) log_daemon_msg "Restarting $DESC" "$NAME" if [ "$#" -eq 1 ]; then do_restart else i=`grep $2 $CONFIG` dir=`echo $i | cut -d , -f 1` do_restart_one $dir fi case "$?" in 0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;; 2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;; esac ;; add) if [ "$#" -lt 3 ]; then echo "Please, specifiy the app's directory and the user that will run it at least." echo " Usage: $SCRIPTNAME add /path/to/app user /path/to/app/config/puma.rb /path/to/app/config/log/puma.log" echo " config and log are optionals." exit 1 else do_add $2 $3 $4 $5 fi case "$?" in 0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;; 2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;; esac ;; remove) if [ "$#" -lt 2 ]; then echo "Please, specifiy the app's directory to remove." exit 1 else do_remove $2 fi case "$?" in 0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;; 2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;; esac ;; *) echo "Usage:" >&2 echo " Run the jungle: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|status|restart}" >&2 echo " Add a Puma: $SCRIPTNAME add /path/to/app user /path/to/app/config/puma.rb /path/to/app/config/log/puma.log" echo " config and log are optionals." echo " Remove a Puma: $SCRIPTNAME remove /path/to/app" echo " On a Puma: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|status|restart} PUMA-NAME" >&2 exit 3 ;; esac :

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