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• Upgraded Ubuntu, all drives in one zpool marked unavailable

  - by Matt Sieker

  I just upgraded Ubuntu 14.04, and I had two ZFS pools on the server. There was some minor issue with me fighting with the ZFS driver and the kernel version, but that's worked out now. One pool came online, and mounted fine. The other didn't. The main difference between the tool is one was just a pool of disks (video/music storage), and the other was a raidz set (documents, etc) I've already attempted exporting and re-importing the pool, to no avail, attempting to import gets me this: root@kyou:/home/matt# zpool import -fFX -d /dev/disk/by-id/ pool: storage id: 15855792916570596778 state: UNAVAIL status: One or more devices contains corrupted data. action: The pool cannot be imported due to damaged devices or data. see: http://zfsonlinux.org/msg/ZFS-8000-5E config: storage UNAVAIL insufficient replicas raidz1-0 UNAVAIL insufficient replicas ata-SAMSUNG_HD103SJ_S246J90B134910 UNAVAIL ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51422523 UNAVAIL ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51535969 UNAVAIL The symlinks for those in /dev/disk/by-id also exist: root@kyou:/home/matt# ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/ata-SAMSUNG_HD103SJ_S246J90B134910* /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51* lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 May 27 19:31 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-SAMSUNG_HD103SJ_S246J90B134910 -> ../../sdb lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 May 27 19:15 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-SAMSUNG_HD103SJ_S246J90B134910-part1 -> ../../sdb1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 May 27 19:15 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-SAMSUNG_HD103SJ_S246J90B134910-part9 -> ../../sdb9 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 May 27 19:15 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51422523 -> ../../sdd lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 May 27 19:15 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51422523-part1 -> ../../sdd1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 May 27 19:15 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51422523-part9 -> ../../sdd9 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 May 27 19:15 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51535969 -> ../../sde lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 May 27 19:15 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51535969-part1 -> ../../sde1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 May 27 19:15 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51535969-part9 -> ../../sde9 Inspecting the various /dev/sd* devices listed, they appear to be the correct ones (The 3 1TB drives that were in a raidz array). I've run zdb -l on each drive, dumping it to a file, and running a diff. The only difference on the 3 are the guid fields (Which I assume is expected). All 3 labels on each one are basically identical, and are as follows: version: 5000 name: 'storage' state: 0 txg: 4 pool_guid: 15855792916570596778 hostname: 'kyou' top_guid: 1683909657511667860 guid: 8815283814047599968 vdev_children: 1 vdev_tree: type: 'raidz' id: 0 guid: 1683909657511667860 nparity: 1 metaslab_array: 33 metaslab_shift: 34 ashift: 9 asize: 3000569954304 is_log: 0 create_txg: 4 children[0]: type: 'disk' id: 0 guid: 8815283814047599968 path: '/dev/disk/by-id/ata-SAMSUNG_HD103SJ_S246J90B134910-part1' whole_disk: 1 create_txg: 4 children[1]: type: 'disk' id: 1 guid: 18036424618735999728 path: '/dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51422523-part1' whole_disk: 1 create_txg: 4 children[2]: type: 'disk' id: 2 guid: 10307555127976192266 path: '/dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51535969-part1' whole_disk: 1 create_txg: 4 features_for_read: Stupidly, I do not have a recent backup of this pool. However, the pool was fine before reboot, and Linux sees the disks fine (I have smartctl running now to double check) So, in summary: I upgraded Ubuntu, and lost access to one of my two zpools. The difference between the pools is the one that came up was JBOD, the other was zraid. All drives in the unmountable zpool are marked UNAVAIL, with no notes for corrupted data The pools were both created with disks referenced from /dev/disk/by-id/. Symlinks from /dev/disk/by-id to the various /dev/sd devices seems to be correct zdb can read the labels from the drives. Pool has already been attempted to be exported/imported, and isn't able to import again. Is there some sort of black magic I can invoke via zpool/zfs to bring these disks back into a reasonable array? Can I run zpool create zraid ... without losing my data? Is my data gone anyhow?

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• Cheapest way to connect 20-24 Sata II HDDs in a budget storage server?

  - by Joe Hopfgartner

  I need to assemble a high density storage server for as cheap as possible. It's been a while for me and the last systems I integrated didn't even have Sata yet... During my Research I of course stumbled about Nexsan SATA Beast, the BackBlaze storage Pods as well as some ridiculously overpriced HP Proliant or Dell storage solutions. Finally I choose Norco cases as the way to go. My eye is set on the RPC-4020, which is a 4U 19" Rackmount case with 20 Hot Swap 3.5" SATA/SAS Hdd trays (Backplanes included) and room for two 2.5" OS drives as well as a Slim Line CD-Rom. The backplanes connect with a single SATA port for each drive, so there are 20 internal SATA ports to to be connected. They also have redundant power ports which I think is quite nice. The cheapest price I have found is 290$ + 40$ shipping. In europe the cheapest unfortunately is 370€ (500$) + 40 € shipping... A nice alternative would be the RPC-4224 which has SFF-8087 Mini SAS connectors that bundle 4 SATA trays each. But it doesn't seem to be available in Europe (where i am) anywhere. So here comes my problem: What Mainboard/Controller to choose to connect them for as cheap as possible while still having nice data rates? I have to say that the server is intended as a Storage server with 1gps connectivity and the data transfer will be distributed very evenly across all drives. I also don't require any raid functionality. This is all done at application level, I just need JBOD. So for example if I go for the RPC 4020 Model I need to connect 20 Storage + 1 OS + 1 CDROM Sata ports. I searched a bit and stumbled across this very low priced controller: http://www.intel.com/products/server/raid-controllers/SASWT4I/SASWT4I-overview.htm They sell it for 115 € here and the specs say it can control up to 122 hard discs and has 4 Mini SAS connectors. So I would use 4 Mini SAS 36pin - 4 SATA 7pin cables to connect 4 SATA drives to each port and choose a Mainboard taht has 6 SATA on board (for example this one) and hurray, I can connect my 22 SATA devices for as low as about ~ 220 EUR (cpu, ram, psu, case not counted) Question: WOULD THAT WORK? And if not, why? 2nd Question: If I go for the 4220 or 4224 Model, I have internal Mini SAS connectors. Am I right in assuming that the backplane than acts as a "SAS Expander"? And can I just plug these SAS connectors into any SAS port I can find on my controller / mainboard or are there certain requirements? I know that SATA port multipliers only work with controllers that are ready for that. But isn't this expansion already implemented in the SAS standard? I am sorry that this is a very broad question, but I really spent the last week reading up and it seems to be not so clear! Especially all the controlling hardware specifications! 3rd Question: A lot of hardware specs feature "internal channels" and "internal connectors". The connecors are the physical numbers of places where I can plug a cable in. I got that. But are the "internal channels" always the maximum numbers of physical drives that can be used in the end? Or can I enhance this further by Expanders/Fanouts? 4th and last question: What do you think about the setup so far? Do you know any good alternatives? Maby I am completely going the wrong way and some DAS would be way better? Are there any comparable chassis available in europe? Please feel free to say whatever you think is relevant to the subject!

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• Building an Infrastructure Cloud with Oracle VM for x86 + Enterprise Manager 12c

  - by Richard Rotter

  Cloud Computing? Everyone is talking about Cloud these days. Everyone is explaining how the cloud will help you to bring your service up and running very fast, secure and with little effort. You can find these kinds of presentations at almost every event around the globe. But what is really behind all this stuff? Is it really so simple? And the answer is: Yes it is! With the Oracle SW Stack it is! In this post, I will try to bring this down to earth, demonstrating how easy it could be to build a cloud infrastructure with Oracle's solution for cloud computing.But let me cover some basics first: How fast can you build a cloud?How elastic is your cloud so you can provide new services on demand? How much effort does it take to monitor and operate your Cloud Infrastructure in order to meet your SLAs?How easy is it to chargeback for your services provided? These are the critical success factors of Cloud Computing. And Oracle has an answer to all those questions. By using Oracle VM for X86 in combination with Enterprise Manager 12c you can build and control your cloud environment very fast and easy. What are the fundamental building blocks for your cloud? Oracle Cloud Building Blocks #1 Hardware Surprise, surprise. Even the cloud needs to run somewhere, hence you will need hardware. This HW normally consists of servers, storage and networking. But Oracles goes beyond that. There are Optimized Solutions available for your cloud infrastructure. This is a cookbook to build your HW cloud platform. For example, building your cloud infrastructure with blades and our network infrastructure will reduce complexity in your datacenter (Blades with switch network modules, splitter cables to reduce the amount of cables, TOR (Top Of the Rack) switches which are building the interface to your infrastructure environment. Reducing complexity even in the cabling will help you to manage your environment more efficient and with less risk. Of course, our engineered systems fit into the cloud perfectly too. Although they are considered as a PaaS themselves, having the database SW (for Exadata) and the application development environment (for Exalogic) already deployed on them, in general they are ideal systems to enable you building your own cloud and PaaS infrastructure. #2 Virtualization The next missing link in the cloud setup is virtualization. For me personally, it's one of the most hidden "secret", that oracle can provide you with a complete virtualization stack in terms of a hypervisor on both architectures: X86 and Sparc CPUs. There is Oracle VM for X86 and Oracle VM for Sparc available at no additional  license costs if your are running this virtualization stack on top of Oracle HW (and with Oracle Premier Support for HW). This completes the virtualization portfolio together with Solaris Zones introduced already with Solaris 10 a few years ago. Let me explain how Oracle VM for X86 works: Oracle VM for x86 consists of two main parts: - The Oracle VM Server: Oracle VM Server is installed on bare metal and it is the hypervisor which is able to run virtual machines. It has a very small footprint. The ISO-Image of Oracle VM Server is only 200MB large. It is very small but efficient. You can install a OVM-Server in less than 5 mins by booting the Server with the ISO-Image assigned and providing the necessary configuration parameters (like installing an Linux distribution). After the installation, the OVM-Server is ready to use. That's all. - The Oracle VM-Manager: OVM-Manager is the central management tool where you can control your OVM-Servers. OVM-Manager provides the graphical user interface, which is an Application Development Framework (ADF) application, with a familiar web-browser based interface, to manage Oracle VM Servers, virtual machines, and resources. The Oracle VM Manager has the following capabilities: Create virtual machines Create server pools Power on and off virtual machines Manage networks and storage Import virtual machines, ISO files, and templates Manage high availability of Oracle VM Servers, server pools, and virtual machines Perform live migration of virtual machines I want to highlight one of the goodies which you can use if you are running Oracle VM for X86: Preconfigured, downloadable Virtual Machine Templates form edelivery With these templates, you can download completely preconfigured Virtual Machines in your environment, boot them up, configure them at first time boot and use it. There are templates for almost all Oracle SW and Applications (like Fusion Middleware, Database, Siebel, etc.) available. #3) Cloud Management The management of your cloud infrastructure is key. This is a day-to-day job. Acquiring HW, installing a virtualization layer on top of it is done just at the beginning and if you want to expand your infrastructure. But managing your cloud, keeping it up and running, deploying new services, changing your chargeback model, etc, these are the daily jobs. These jobs must be simple, secure and easy to manage. The Enterprise Manager 12c Cloud provides this functionality from one management cockpit. Enterprise Manager 12c uses Oracle VM Manager to control OVM Serverpools. Once you registered your OVM-Managers in Enterprise Manager, then you are able to setup your cloud infrastructure and manage everything from Enterprise Manager. What you need to do in EM12c is: ">Register your OVM Manager in Enterprise ManagerAfter Registering your OVM Manager, all the functionality of Oracle VM for X86 is also available in Enterprise Manager. Enterprise Manager works as a "Manger" of the Manager. You can register as many OVM-Managers you want and control your complete virtualization environment Create Roles and Users for your Self Service Portal in Enterprise ManagerWith this step you allow users to logon on the Enterprise Manager Self Service Portal. Users can request Virtual Machines in this portal. Setup the Cloud InfrastructureSetup the Quotas for your self service users. How many VMs can they request? How much of your resources ( cpu, memory, storage, network, etc. etc.)? Which SW components (templates, assemblys) can your self service users request? In this step, you basically set up the complete cloud infrastructure. Setup ChargebackOnce your cloud is set up, you need to configure your chargeback mechanism. The Enterprise Manager collects the resources metrics, which are used in a very deep level. Almost all collected Metrics could be used in the chargeback module. You can define chargeback plans based on configurations (charge for the amount of cpu, memory, storage is assigned to a machine, or for a specific OS which is installed) or chargeback on resource consumption (% of cpu used, storage used, etc). Or you can also define a combination of configuration and consumption chargeback plans. The chargeback module is very flexible. Here is a overview of the workflow how to handle infrastructure cloud in EM: Summary As you can see, setting up an Infrastructure Cloud Service with Oracle VM for X86 and Enterprise Manager 12c is really simple. I personally configured a complete cloud environment with three X86 servers and a small JBOD san box in less than 3 hours. There is no magic in it, it is all straightforward. Of course, you have to have some experience with Oracle VM and Enterprise Manager. Experience in setting up Linux environments helps as well. I plan to publish a technical cookbook in the next few weeks. I hope you found this post useful and will see you again here on our blog. Any hints, comments are welcome!

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