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  • IEnumerable.Cast not calling cast overload

    - by Martin Neal
    I'm not understanding something about the way .Cast works. I have an explicit (though implicit also fails) cast defined which seems to work when I use it "regularly", but not when I try to use .Cast. Why? Here is some compilable code that demonstrates my problem. public class Class1 { public string prop1 { get; set; } public int prop2 { get; set; } public static explicit operator Class2(Class1 c1) { return new Class2() { prop1 = c1.prop1, prop2 = c1.prop2 }; } } public class Class2 { public string prop1 { get; set; } public int prop2 { get; set; } } void Main() { Class1[] c1 = new Class1[] { new Class1() {prop1 = "asdf",prop2 = 1}}; //works Class2 c2 = (Class2)c1[0]; //doesn't work: Compiles, but throws at run-time //InvalidCastException: Unable to cast object of type 'Class1' to type 'Class2'. Class2 c3 = c1.Cast<Class2>().First(); }

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  • C++ cast syntax styles

    - by palm3D
    A question related to Regular cast vs. static_cast vs. dynamic_cast: What cast syntax style do you prefer in C++? C-style cast syntax: (int)foo C++-style cast syntax: static_cast<int>(foo) constructor syntax: int(foo) They may not translate to exactly the same instructions (do they?) but their effect should be the same (right?). If you're just casting between the built-in numeric types, I find C++-style cast syntax too verbose. As a former Java coder I tend to use C-style cast syntax instead, but my local C++ guru insists on using constructor syntax. What do you think?

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  • "static" as a semantic clue about statelessness?

    - by leoger
    this might be a little philosophical but I hope someone can help me find a good way to think about this. I've recently undertaken a refactoring of a medium sized project in Java to go back and add unit tests. When I realized what a pain it was to mock singletons and statics, I finally "got" what I've been reading about them all this time. (I'm one of those people that needs to learn from experience. Oh well.) So, now that I'm using Spring to create the objects and wire them around, I'm getting rid of static keywords left and right. (If I could potentially want to mock it, it's not really static in the same sense that Math.abs() is, right?) The thing is, I had gotten into the habit of using static to denote that a method didn't rely on any object state. For example: //Before import com.thirdparty.ThirdPartyLibrary.Thingy; public class ThirdPartyLibraryWrapper { public static Thingy newThingy(InputType input) { new Thingy.Builder().withInput(input).alwaysFrobnicate().build(); } } //called as... ThirdPartyLibraryWrapper.newThingy(input); //After public class ThirdPartyFactory { public Thingy newThingy(InputType input) { new Thingy.Builder().withInput(input).alwaysFrobnicate().build(); } } //called as... thirdPartyFactoryInstance.newThingy(input); So, here's where it gets touchy-feely. I liked the old way because the capital letter told me that, just like Math.sin(x), ThirdPartyLibraryWrapper.newThingy(x) did the same thing the same way every time. There's no object state to change how the object does what I'm asking it to do. Here are some possible answers I'm considering. Nobody else feels this way so there's something wrong with me. Maybe I just haven't really internalized the OO way of doing things! Maybe I'm writing in Java but thinking in FORTRAN or somesuch. (Which would be impressive since I've never written FORTRAN.) Maybe I'm using staticness as a sort of proxy for immutability for the purposes of reasoning about code. That being said, what clues should I have in my code for someone coming along to maintain it to know what's stateful and what's not? Perhaps this should just come for free if I choose good object metaphors? e.g. thingyWrapper doesn't sound like it has state indepdent of the wrapped Thingy which may itself be mutable. Similarly, a thingyFactory sounds like it should be immutable but could have different strategies that are chosen among at creation. I hope I've been clear and thanks in advance for your advice!

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  • Cost effective way to provide static media content

    - by james
    I'd like to be able to deliver around 50MB of static content, either in about 30 individual files up to 10MB or grouped into 3 compressed files, around 5k to 20k times a day. Ideally I'd like to put some sort of very basic security around providing the data to ensure that a request is from the expected source, but if tossing the security for a big reduction in price is possible then it's an option. Does anyone have any suggestions other than what I've found: Google AppEngine is $0.12/GB & I believe has a file size limit of 10MB so I'd have to break the data up a bit. So a rough calculation would seem to be that this would cost me about $30 to $120 a day. Or I've seen something like what seems to be just public static content delivery with no type of logic capabilities like Usenet.nl at what I think calculates to about $0.025/GB which would cost me about $6 to $25 a day. Any idea if I'm going about these calculations right & if there might be a better option for just static content on a decently high volume delivery? Again some basic security would be great but if cost is greatly reduced without it then I'm up for that.

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  • Static IP Address on Ubuntu 12.04 Virtual Machine

    - by chrisnankervis
    I've setup a VM running Ubuntu 12.04 specifically for local web development and am having some problems ensuring it has a static IP address. A static IP address is important as I'm using the IP address in my hosts file to assign a .local suffix to addresses used both in browser and to connect to the correct database on the VM. Currently, every time I connect to a new network or my VM is assigned a new IP address I need to reconfigure my whole environment which is becoming quite a pain. It also probably doesn't help that the default-lease-time on the Ubuntu VM is set to 1800 by default. At the moment I'm using VMWare Fusion and the Network Adapter is enabled and set to "Autodetect" under Bridged Networking. I've tried to set a static IP address within the dhcpd.conf using the code below: host ubuntu { hardware ethernet 00:50:56:35:0f:f1; fixed-address: 192.168.100.100; } The fixed-address that I've used is also outside the range specified in the subnet block (which in this case is 192.168.100.128 to 192.168.100.254). I've tried adding and removing the network adapter and restarting my Mac after each time to no avail. Below is an ifconfig of the VM that might be of some help: eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:35:0f:f1 inet addr:192.168.0.25 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::250:56ff:fe35:ff1/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:1624 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:416 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:147348 (147.3 KB) TX bytes:41756 (41.7 KB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) Are there any specific issues with 12.04 that I'm missing? Otherwise has anyone else got any ideas? Thanks in advance.

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  • Ubuntu 12.04 Network Manager: unable to save manual setting to set up a static ip

    - by Andy
    I am fairly familiar with setting up servers, and ubuntu is generally my flavor of choice, but I just installed 12.04 desktop and I am seeing some behavior in network manager that is really puzzling. The network connection works fine if I leave it set on dhcp, but I would like a static IP address for my new web server. When I go into network manager and edit the connection for the one and only NIC I can select MANUAL from the dropdown menu but as soon as I do the Save button becomes greyed out. Even after filling out all fields for the connection it is still grey and I am unable to save the static IP connection information. Any thoughts would be greatly appreciated. I'm hoping there is just some new setting that I am unaware of.... On another note, if I stop the network manager and go edit the interfaces file (and the appropriate hosts/routes/dns files), I do get a static ip address assigned and I can contact my server from the outside, however, the server cannot find the internet. Can't ping even its own ip... I can ping the loopback interface though. I'm really confused on this one. Hoping someone can offer some help.

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  • What can I do with dynamic typing that I can not do with static typing

    - by Justin984
    I've been using python for a few days now and I think I understand the difference between dynamic and static typing. What I don't understand is why it's useful. I keep hearing about its "flexibility" but it seems like it just moves a bunch of compile time checks to runtime, which means more unit tests. This seems like an awfully big tradeoff to make for small advantages like readability and "flexibility". Can someone provide me with a real world example where dynamic typing allows me to do something I can't do with static typing?

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  • Using static in PHP

    - by nischayn22
    I have a few functions in PHP that read data from functions in a class readUsername(int userId){ $reader = getReader(); return $reader->getname(userId); } readUserAddress(){ $reader = getReader(); return $reader->getaddress(userId); } All these make a call to getReader() { require_once("Reader.php"); static $reader = new Reader(); return $reader; } An overview of Reader class Reader{ getname(int id) { //if in-memory cache exists for this id return that //else get from db and cache it } getaddress(int id) { $this->getname(int id); //get address from name here } /*Other stuff*/ } Why is class Reader needed The Reader class does some in-memory caching of user details. So, I need only one object of class Reader and it will cache the user details instead of making multiple db calls. I am using static so that it the object gets created only once. Is this the right approach or should I do something else?

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  • Size of static libraries generated by XCode

    - by shaft80
    I have a project tree in XCode that looks like this: AppProject depends on ObjcWrapper that in turn depends on PureCppLib. ObjcWrapper and PureCppLib are static library projects. Combined, all sources barely reach 15k lines of code, and, as expected, the size of resulting binary is about 750Kb in release mode and slightly over 1Mb in debug mode. So far, so good. However, ObjcWraper.a and PureCppLib.a are over 6Mb each in either mode. So the first question is why it is so. But more importantly, how can I ensure that those static libs do not include parts or all of the source code? Thanks in advance!

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  • When should I use static methods in a class and what are the benefits?

    - by NAVEED
    I have concept of static variables but what are the benefits of static methods in a class. I have worked on some projects but I did not make a method static. Whenever I need to call a method of a class, I create an object of that class and call the desired method. Static variable in a method holds it's value even when method is executed but accessible only in its containing method but what is the best definition of static method? Is calling the static method without creating object of that class is the only benefit of static method? What is the accessible range for static method? What is the syntax to create and calling static method in php? Thanks

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  • Hide struct definition in static library.

    - by BobMcLaury
    Hi, I need to provide a C static library to the client and need to be able to make a struct definition unavailable. On top of that I need to be able to execute code before the main at library initialization using a global variable. Here's my code: private.h #ifndef PRIVATE_H #define PRIVATE_H typedef struct TEST test; #endif private.c (this should end up in a static library) #include "private.h" #include <stdio.h> struct TEST { TEST() { printf("Execute before main and have to be unavailable to the user.\n"); } int a; // Can be modified by the user int b; // Can be modified by the user int c; // Can be modified by the user } TEST; main.c test t; int main( void ) { t.a = 0; t.b = 0; t.c = 0; return 0; } Obviously this code doesn't work... but show what I need to do... Anybody knows how to make this work? I google quite a bit but can't find an answer, any help would be greatly appreciated. TIA!

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  • Rebuilt website from static html to CMS need to redirect indexed links

    - by Michael Dunn
    I have rebuilt a website which was all created with static html pages, it has now been rebuilt using a CMS system. I need to find a way of redirecting all the existing links to there new corresponding pages which utilise friendly URL rewrites on the CMS based website I imagine there will be several hundred if not 1000s as i have pages and images linked from google. What is the most efficient way to complete this Thanks in advance Mike

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  • Attaching a static library to an iphone/ipad application

    - by Jack
    Hello, which is the best approach to include a static library with into an application for iPhone or iPad? I could choose to compile the library supplying right platform and building a library file with the ar utility and then add as a framework to the project including the source of the library .c/.h and compile them together with the application The first approach seems simpler, because I won't care about managing all specific settings of the library I want to include but how can I create the library both for iPhone and iPad and allow xcode to use the right library upon linking? The second approach seems more complex since xcode will take care about compiling my application and the library (with different settings I suppose) then how should I go? I can easily add sources of the lib but I'll have to include the make scripts to allow xcode use them to build in the right way. Any suggestions about how to proceed? The library I'm trying to include is libssh. (I know that this library, of course, has already been compiled and tried succesfully on iPhone) Thanks in advance.

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  • Static pages for large photo album

    - by Phil P
    I'm looking for advice on software for managing a largish photo album for a website. 2000+ pictures, one-time drop (probably). I normally use MarginalHack's album, which does what I want: pre-generate thumbnails and HTML for the pictures, so I can serve without needing a dynamic run-time, so there's less attack surface to worry about. However, it doesn't handle pagination or the like, so it's unwieldy for this case. This is a one-time drop for pictures from a wedding, with a shared usercode/password for distribution to the guests; I don't wish to put the pictures in a third-party hosting environment. I don't wish to use PHP, simply because that's another run-time to worry about, I might relent and use something dynamic if it's Python or Perl based (as I can maintain things written in those). I currently have: Apache serving static files, Album-generated, some sub-directories to divide up the content to be a little more manageable. Something like Album but with pagination already handled would be great, but I'm willing to have something a little more dynamic, if it lets people comment or caption and store the extra data in something like an sqlite DB. I'd want something light-weight, not a full-blown CMS with security updates every three months. I don't want to upload pictures of other peoples' children into a third-party free service where I don't know what the revenue model is. (For my site: revenue is none, costs out of pocket). Existing server hosting is *nix, Apache, some WSGI. Client-side I have MacOS. Any advice?

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  • Which static electricity prevention tools do actually work?

    - by Boris_yo
    I need a device that would discharge static electricity from my body in order to safely work with electronics. I have looked and found some that interested me, but I don't know whether they work: Anti-Static Wrist Strap Anti-Static Release Discharger Keychain Anti-Dissipative Wrist Strap Anti-Static Rubber Finger Stalls Which of above mentioned actually do something? Do I also need and anti-static screw box? It has holes that screws get put in. Will I need magnetic screwdriver to pull screws out?

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  • Cast then check or check then cast?

    - by jamesrom
    Which method is regarded as best practice? Cast first? public string Describe(ICola cola) { var coke = cola as CocaCola; if (coke != null) { string result; // some unique coca-cola only code here. return result; } var pepsi = cola as Pepsi; if (pepsi != null) { string result; // some unique pepsi only code here. return result; } } Or should I check first, cast later? public string Describe(ICola cola) { if (cola is CocaCola) { coke = (CocaCola) cola; string result; // some unique coca-cola only code here. return result; } if (cola is Pepsi) { pepsi = (Pepsi) cola; string result; // some unique pepsi only code here. return result; } } Can you see any other way to do this?

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  • About shared (static) Members and its behavior

    - by Allende
    I just realized that I can access shared members from instances of classes (probably this is not correct, but compile and run), and also learn/discover that, I can modify shared members, then create a new instance and access the new value of the shared member. My question is, what happens to the shared members, when it comes back to the "default" value (class declaration), how dangerous is it do this ? is it totally bad ? is it valid in some cases ?. If you want to test my point here is the code (console project vb.net) that I used to test shared members, as you can see/compile/run, the shared member "x" of the class "Hello" has default value string "Default", but at runtime it changes it, and after creating a new object of that class, this object has the new value of the shared member. Module Module1 Public Class hello Public Shared x As String = "Default" Public Sub New() End Sub End Class Sub Main() Console.WriteLine("hello.x=" & hello.x) Dim obj As New hello() Console.WriteLine("obj.x=" & obj.x) obj.x = "Default shared memeber, modified in object" Console.WriteLine("obj.x=" & obj.x) hello.x = "Defaul shared member, modified in class" Console.WriteLine("hello.x=" & hello.x) Dim obj2 As New hello() Console.WriteLine("obj2.x=" & obj2.x) Console.ReadLine() End Sub End Module UPDATE: First at all, thanks to everyone, each answer give feedback, I suppose, by respect I should choose one as "the answer", I don't want to be offensive to anyone, so please don't take it so bad if I didn't choose you answer.

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  • Static Vs Non-Static Method Performance C#

    - by dotnetguts
    Hello All, I have few global methods declared in public class in my asp.net web application. I have habbit of declaring all global methods in public class in following format public static string MethodName(parameters) { } I want to know how it would impact on performance point of view? 1) Which one is Better? Static Method or Non-Static Method? 2) Reason why it is better? Following link shows Non-Static methods are good because, static methods are using locks to be Thread-safe. The always do internally a Monitor.Enter() and Monitor.exit() to ensure Thread-safety. http://bytes.com/topic/c-sharp/answers/231701-static-vs-non-static-function-performance And Following link shows Static Methods are good static methods are normally faster to invoke on the call stack than instance methods. There are several reasons for this in the C# programming language. Instance methods actually use the 'this' instance pointer as the first parameter, so an instance method will always have that overhead. Instance methods are also implemented with the callvirt instruction in the intermediate language, which imposes a slight overhead. Please note that changing your methods to static methods is unlikely to help much on ambitious performance goals, but it can help a tiny bit and possibly lead to further reductions. http://dotnetperls.com/static-method I am little confuse which one to use? Thanks

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  • Persistent static route stops working after VPN drops and reconnects

    - by user76157
    I've got a VPN between two networks, one home and one office (A and B). Their subnets are: (A) 192.168.1.0 and (B) 192.168.0.0 The two networks have identical ADSL routers. Unfortunately these can only do dial-out VPN. So I've got a Windows 2008 server on Network B acting as a VPN server (ServerB). Network A's router (RouterA) passes through Network B's router and connects via PPTP to ServerB. RouterA is assigned the static IP 192.168.0.40 on Network B. There's a persistent static route on ServerB telling it to use 0.40 for all requests to Network A's subnet, 192.168.1.0. (route -p add 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.40). This enables ServerB to ping all machines on A (and those machines to ping ServerB). The VPN connection occasionally drops (I'm not sure why - it's set to remain always on and seems to drop randomly). This wouldn't be too much of a problem, as it reconnects automatically and quickly, except that when it does reconnect, the static route on ServerB no longer works. Route print (on ServerB) shows that the persistent static route still exists. However a tracert to a machine on Network A doesn't use the static route; it tries instead to use ServerB's default gateway (which is RouterB), and fails to find the machine. Deleting and re-adding the static route fixes the problem - a tracert uses the static route. At the moment, a batch file to delete and re-add the static route is scheduled to run every day. But this is clearly far from an ideal solution! I hope that's not too confusing. Any help would be very much appreciated.

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  • Static noise in headphones

    - by John Murdoch
    I have a Asus P6T based system. I was using the on-board sound (plugging in Logitech X-230 2.1 analog speakers in the green "front speakers" 3.5mm analog output, then plugging in my headphones in that). I was quite happy with the sound quality (didn't hear any static noise if volume was turned down to my normal listening level). Then about a week ago I started having terrible static noise from the left channel, and no normal audio on that left channel. Right channel had more static noise than usual but did have a bit of sound. I tried using the AC'97 in front of my case but that seemed to have no signal. I decided my on-board sound card has gone bad and bought an internal sound card to replace it (Startech 7.1Ch PCI). This fixed the "no sound from left channel problem", but I had much more audible static noise. I decided the card was low quality and/or it had interference from all the other things happening inside the computer case, and bought a Sweex SC016 external USB sound card. But even with that I have static noise in headphones. Positioning the USB sound card differently doesn't seem to help. Trying the other analog outputs (e.g., surround) doesn't help. The static noise in all cases is proportional to the volume. I have tried different headphones, but the situation is situation though perhaps the flavour of the static noise changes slightly. So what are my options? a) Get another, more expensive, external USB sound card hoping the quality will improve? b) Get another, more expensive, internal sound card (PCIe 1x perhaps) hoping the quality will improve? c) Get a dedicated DAC box? d) Get some Hi-Fi earphones? Suggestions? tl;dr - Two different sound cards both still have static noise in headphones.

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  • Is static universally "evil" for unit testing and if so why does resharper recommend it?

    - by Vaccano
    I have found that there are only 3 ways to unit test (mock/stub) dependencies that are static in C#.NET: Moles TypeMock JustMock Given that two of these are not free and one has not hit release 1.0, mocking static stuff is not too easy. Does that make static methods and such "evil" (in the unit testing sense)? And if so, why does resharper want me to make anything that can be static, static? (Assuming resharper is not also "evil".) Clarification: I am talking about the scenario when you want to unit test a method and that method calls a static method in a different unit/class. By most definitions of unit testing, if you just let the method under test call the static method in the other unit/class then you are not unit testing, you are integration testing. (Useful, but not a unit test.)

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