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• How to implement collection with covariance when delegating to another collection for storage?

  - by memelet

  I'm trying to implement a type of SortedMap with extended semantics. I'm trying to delegate to SortedMap as the storage but can't get around the variance constraints: class IntervalMap[A, +B](implicit val ordering: Ordering[A]) //extends ... { var underlying = SortedMap.empty[A, List[B]] } Here is the error I get. I understand why I get the error (I understand variance). What I don't get is how to implement this type of delegation. And yes, the covariance on B is required. error: covariant type B occurs in contravariant position in type scala.collection.immutable.SortedMap[A,List[B]] of parameter of setter underlying_=

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• Assigning a pointer variable to a const int in C++?

  - by John

  I'm wondering if anyone can explain the following to me: If I write int i = 0; float* pf = i; I get a compile error (gcc 4.2.1): error: invalid conversion from ‘int’ to ‘float*’ Makes sense - they are obviously two completely different types. But if instead I write const int i = 0; float* pf = i; It compiles without error. Why should the 'const' make a difference on the right hand side of the assignment? Isn't part of the idea of the 'const' keyword to be able to enforce type constraints for constant values? Any explanation I have been able to come up with feels kind of bogus. And none of my explanations also explain the fact that const int i = 1; float* pf = i; fails to compile. Can anyone offer an explanation?

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• Correct approach to validate attributes of an instance of class

  - by systempuntoout

  Having a simple Python class like this: class Spam(object): __init__(self, description, value): self.description = description self.value = value Which is the correct approach to check these constraints: "description cannot be empty" "value must be greater than zero" Should i: 1.validate data before creating spam object ? 2.check data on __init__ method ? 3.create an is_valid method on Spam class and call it with spam.isValid() ? 4.create an is_valid static method on Spam class and call it with Spam.isValid(description, value) ? 5.check data on setters declaration ? 6.... Could you recommend a well designed\Pythonic\not verbose (on class with many attributes)\elegant approach?

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• Grails searchable plugin with hasMany

  - by user2624442

  I am using grails searchable plugin to search my domain classes. However, I cannot yet search by my hasMany (skills and interests) fields even though they are of the simple type String. This is my domain class: class EmpactUser { static searchable = [except: ['dateCreated','password','enabled','accountExpired','accountLocked','passwordExpired']] String username String password boolean enabled = true boolean accountExpired boolean accountLocked boolean passwordExpired String email String firstName String lastName String address String phoneNumber String description byte[] avatar byte[] resume Date dateCreated static hasMany = [ skills : String, interests : String, // each user has the ability to list many skills and interests so that they can be matched with a project. ] static constraints = { username blank: false, unique: true password blank: false email email: true, blank: false firstName blank: false lastName blank: false description nullable: true address nullable: true avatar nullable: true, maxSize: 1024 * 1024 * 10 resume nullable: true, maxSize: 1024 * 1024 * 10 phoneNumber nullable: true, matches: "/[(][+]d{3}[)]d+/", maxSize: 30 } } This is the code I am using to search: def empactUserList = EmpactUser.search( searchQuery, [reload: false, result: "every", defaultOperator: "or"]) Am I missing something? Thanks, Alan.

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• Rails Routes Mappings

  - by rdasxy

  I'm a rails newbie, and I have a controller called resource_links that I've mapped to resources: resources :resources, :as => :resource_links, :controller => :resource_links And this works (basically /resources works as /resource_links). However, trying to go to /resources/tags does not work. To get around this, I added more mappings as: match 'resource_links/tag/:tag(.:format)' => 'resource_links#tag', :via => :get, :as => 'resource_links_tagged', :constraints => {:tag => /.*/} match 'resource_links/tags' => 'resource_links#tags', :via => :get, :as => 'resource_links_tags' Is there any way I can get /resources/tags to be mapped to /resource_links/tag?

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• Mysql Constraint problem

  - by Bramjam

  this is my table /* oefenreeks leerplan */ CREATE TABLE leerplan_oefenreeks ( leerplan_oefenreeks_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL, leerplan_id INT NOT NULL, oefenreeks_id INT NOT NULL, plaats INT NOT NULL ); /* fk */ ALTER TABLE leerplan_oefenreeks ADD CONSTRAINT fk_leerp_oefenr_leerplan FOREIGN KEY(leerplan_id) REFERENCES leerplan (leerplan_id) ON DELETE CASCADE; ALTER TABLE leerplan_oefenreeks ADD CONSTRAINT fk_leerp_oefenr_oefenreeks FOREIGN KEY(oefenreeks_id) REFERENCES oefenreeks (oefenreeks_id) ON DELETE CASCADE; /* unique s *//*when I execute the nexline, my fk_leerp_oefenr_leerplan constraint vanishes/disappears*/ ALTER TABLE leerplan_oefenreeks ADD CONSTRAINT un_leerp_oefenr UNIQUE(leerplan_id, oefenreeks_id); ALTER TABLE leerplan_oefenreeks ADD CONSTRAINT un_leerp_oefenr_plaats UNIQUE(leerplan_id, plaats); when I go and check only 3 constraints exist (fk_leerp_oefenr_leerplan is gone) I don't understand why this happens, plz tell me (if you need more info just ask ;)

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• Is this syntactically correct?

  - by Borrito

  I have code in one of the source file as follows: #include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> int a ; int b = 256 ; int c = 16 ; int d = 4 ; int main() { if ((d <= (b) && (d == ( c / sizeof(a)))) { printf("%d",sizeof(a) ); } return 0; } I have removed the casts and have simplified on the data names. The sizeof(a) can be taken as 4. I want to know if the the if syntax is a valid one and if so why doesn't it execute? PS : I haven't sat down on this for long due to time constraints. Pardon me if you find a childish error in the code.

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• Enterprise 2.0 Conference: Building Social Business

  - by kellsey.ruppel

  The way we work is changing rapidly, offering an enormous competitive advantage to those who embrace the new tools that enable contextual, agile and simplified information exchange and collaboration to distributed workforces and networks of partners and customers. As many of you are aware, Enterprise 2.0 is the term for the technologies and business practices that liberate the workforce from the constraints of legacy communication and productivity tools like email. It provides business managers with access to the right information at the right time through a web of inter-connected applications, services and devices. Enterprise 2.0 makes accessible the collective intelligence of many, translating to a huge competitive advantage in the form of increased innovation, productivity and agility. The Enterprise 2.0 Conference takes a strategic perspective, emphasizing the bigger picture implications of the technology and the exploration of what is at stake for organizations trying to change not only tools, but also culture and process. Beyond discussion of the "why", there will also be in-depth opportunities for learning the "how" that will help you bring Enterprise 2.0 to your business.You won't want to miss this opportunity to learn and hear from leading experts in the fields of technology for business, collaboration, culture change and collective intelligence. Oracle is a proud Gold sponsor of the Enterprise 2.0 Conference, taking place this week in Boston. Come and learn about Oracle at the following panel sessions and Market Leaders Theater Sessions. Tuesday, June 19, 2012 at 1:30 p.m. Market Theater Presentation Into the Activity Stream, and Beyond! Introducing Oracle Social Network Oracle Speaker: Christian Finn, Senior Director of Evangelism, Oracle WebCenter Tuesday, June 19, 2012 at 2:30 p.m.  Panel Session Innovation versus Integration Oracle Panel Speaker: Christian Finn, Senior Director of Evangelism, Oracle WebCenter Wednesday, June 20, 2012 at 1:30 p.m. Business Leadership Roundtable Oracle Panel Speaker: Christian Finn, Senior Director of Evangelism, Oracle WebCenter Wednesday, June 20, 2012 at 3:00 p.m. Market Theater Presentation Into the Activity Stream, and Beyond! Introducing Oracle Social Network Oracle Speaker: Christian Finn, Senior Director of Evangelism, Oracle WebCenter Thursday, June 21, 2012 at 8:30 a.m. Panel Session Collecting and Processing Big Data: Architecting Systems that Scale Oracle Panel Speaker: Ashok Joshi, Senior Director, Berkeley DB Development Thursday, June 21, 2012 at 11:00 a.m. Panel Session The Future of Big Data: What's Next Oracle Panel Speaker: Ashok Joshi, Senior Director, Berkeley DB Development Be sure to stop by and visit Oracle booth #501, to see live demonstrations of Oracle Social Network and Oracle WebCenter!

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• Deploying an ADF Secure Application using WLS Console

  - by juan.ruiz

  Last week I worked on a requirement from a customer that wanted to understand how to deploy to WLS an application with ADF Security without using JDeveloper. The main question was, what steps where needed in order to set up Enterprise Roles, Security Policies and Application Credentials. In this entry I will explain the steps taken using JDeveloper 11.1.1.2. 0 Requirements: Instead of building a sample application from scratch, we can use Andrejus 's sample application that contains all the security pieces that we need. Open and migrate the project. Also make sure you adjust the database settings accordingly. Creating the EAR file Review the Security settings of the application by going into the Application -> Secure menu and see that there are two enterprise roles as well as the ADF Policies enforcing security on the main page. Make sure the Application Module uses the Data Source instead of JDBC URL for its connection type, also take note of the data source name - in my case I have: java:comp/env/jdbc/HrDS To facilitate the access to this application once we deploy it. Go to your ViewController project properties select the Java EE Application category and give it a meaningful name to the context root as well to the Application Name Go to the ADFSecurityWL Application properties -> Deployment  and create a new EAR deployment profile. Uncheck the Auto generate and Synchronize weblogic-jdbc.xml Descriptors During Deployment Deploy the application as an EAR file. Deploying the Application to WLS using the WLS Console On the WLS console create a JNDI data source. This is the part that I found more tricky of the hole exercise given that the name should match the AM's data source name, however the naming convention that worked for me was jdbc.HrDS Now, deploy the application manually by selecting deployments ->Install look for the EAR and follow the default steps. If this is the firs time you deploy the application, once the deployment finishes you will be asked to Activate Changes on the domain, these changes contain all the security policies and application roles insertion into the WLS instance. Creating Roles and User Groups for the Application To finish the after-deployment set up, we need to create the groups that are the equivalent of the Enterprise Roles of ADF Security. For our sample we have two Enterprise Roles employeesApplication and managersApplication. After that, we create the application users and assign them into their respective groups. Now we can run the application and test the security constraints

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• SQL SERVER – Rename Columnname or Tablename – SQL in Sixty Seconds #032 – Video

  - by pinaldave

  We all make mistakes at some point of time and we all change our opinion. There are quite a lot of people in the world who have changed their name after they have grown up. Some corrected their parent’s mistake and some create new mistake. Well, databases are not protected from such incidents. There are many reasons why developers may want to change the name of the column or table after it was initially created. The goal of this video is not to dwell on the reasons but to learn how we can rename the column and table. Earlier I have written the article on this subject over here: SQL SERVER – How to Rename a Column Name or Table Name. I have revised the same article over here and created this video. There is one very important point to remember that by changing the column name or table name one creates the possibility of errors in the application the columns and tables are used. When any column or table name is changed, the developer should go through every place in the code base, ad-hoc queries, stored procedures, views and any other place where there are possibility of their usage and change them to the new name. If this is one followed up religiously there are quite a lot of changes that application will stop working due to this name change.  One has to remember that changing column name does not change the name of the indexes, constraints etc and they will continue to reference the old name. Though this will not stop the show but will create visual un-comfort as well confusion in many cases. Here is my question back to you – have you changed ever column name or table name in production database (after project going live)? If yes, what was the scenario and need of doing it. After all it is just a name. Let me know what you think of this video. Here is the updated script. USE tempdb GO CREATE TABLE TestTable (ID INT, OldName VARCHAR(20)) GO INSERT INTO TestTable VALUES (1, 'First') GO -- Check the Tabledata SELECT * FROM TestTable GO -- Rename the ColumnName sp_RENAME 'TestTable.OldName', 'NewName', 'Column' GO -- Check the Tabledata SELECT * FROM TestTable GO -- Rename the TableName sp_RENAME 'TestTable', 'NewTable' GO -- Check the Tabledata - Error SELECT * FROM TestTable GO -- Check the Tabledata - New SELECT * FROM NewTable GO -- Cleanup DROP TABLE NewTable GO Related Tips in SQL in Sixty Seconds: SQL SERVER – How to Rename a Column Name or Table Name What would you like to see in the next SQL in Sixty Seconds video? Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Database, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL in Sixty Seconds, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Server Management Studio, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology, Video Tagged: Excel

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• Changing the default installation path to a newly installed hard disk

  - by mgj

  Hi, I am currently working on a dual-booted PC. I am using Windows XP and Ubuntu 10.04 Lucid Lynx released in April 2010. The allocated partition to Ubuntu that I am making use of has almost exhausted. Current memory allocations on the PC wrt Ubuntu OS looks like this: bodhgaya@pc146724-desktop:~$ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 8.6G 8.0G 113M 99% / none 998M 268K 998M 1% /dev none 1002M 580K 1002M 1% /dev/shm none 1002M 100K 1002M 1% /var/run none 1002M 0 1002M 0% /var/lock none 1002M 0 1002M 0% /lib/init/rw /dev/sda1 25G 16G 9.8G 62% /media/C /dev/sdb1 37G 214M 35G 1% /media/ubuntulinuxstore bodhgaya@pc146724-desktop:~$ cd /tmp I am trying to mount a 40GB(/dev/sdb1 - given below) new hard disk along with my existing Ubuntu system to overcome with hard disk space related issues. I referred to the following tutorial to mount a new hard disk onto the system:- http://www.smorgasbord.net/how-to-in...untu-linux%20/ I was able to successfully mount this hard disk for Ubuntu 0S. I have this new hard disk setup in /media/ubuntulinuxstore directory. The current partition in my system looks like this: bodhgaya@pc146724-desktop:/media/ubuntulinuxstore$ sudo fdisk -l [sudo] password for bodhgaya: Disk /dev/sda: 40.0 GB, 40000000000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4863 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x446eceb5 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2 3264 26210047+ 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda2 3265 4385 9004432+ 83 Linux /dev/sda3 4386 4863 3839535 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 40.0 GB, 40000000000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4863 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xfa8afa8a Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 4862 39053983+ 7 HPFS/NTFS bodhgaya@pc146724-desktop:/media/ubuntulinuxstore$ Now, I have a concern wrt the "location" where the new softwares will be installed. Generally softwares are installed via the terminal and by default a fixed path is used to where the post installation set up files can be found (I am talking in context of the drive). This is like the typical case of Windows, where softwares by default are installed in the C: drive. These days people customize their installations to a drive which they find apt to serve their purpose (generally based on availability of hard disk space). I am trying to figure out how to customize the same for Ubuntu. As we all know the most softwares are installed via commands given from the Terminal. My road block is how do I redirect the default path set on the terminal where files get installed to this new hard disk. This if done will help me overcome space constraints I am currently facing wrt the partition on which my Ubuntu is initially installed. I would also by this, save time on not formatting my system and reinstalling Ubuntu and other softwares all over again. Please help me with this, your suggestions are much appreciated.

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• Rights Expiry Options in IRM 11g

  - by martin.abrahams

  Among the many enhancements in IRM 11g, we have introduced a couple of new rights expiry options that may be applied to any role. These options were supported in previous versions, but fell into the "advanced configuration" category. In 11g, the options can be applied simply by selecting a check-box in the properties of a role, as shown by the rather extreme example below, where the role allows access for just two minutes after they are sealed. The new options are: To define a role that expires automatically some period after it is assigned To define a role that evaluates expiry relative to the time that each document is sealed These options supplement the familiar options to allow open-ended access (limited by offline access and the ever-present option to revoke rights at any time) and the option to define time windows with specific start dates and end dates. The value of these options is easiest to illustrate with some publishing examples: You might define a role with a one year expiry to be assigned to users who purchase a one year subscription. For each individual user, the year would be calculated from the time that the role was assigned to them. You might define a role that allows documents to be accessed only for 24 hours from the time that they are published - perhaps as a preview mechanism designed to tempt users to sign up for a full subscription. Upon payment of a full fee, users can simply be reassigned a role that gives them greater access to exactly the same documents. In a corporate environment, you might use such roles for fixed term contractors or for workflows that involve information with a short lifespan, or perhaps as part of a compliance process that requires rights to be formally re-approved at intervals. Being role-based, the time constraints apply to any number of documents - including documents that have not yet been created. For example, a user with a one year subscription would have access to all documents published in the relevant classification during the year without any further configuration. Crucially, unlike other solutions, it is not the documents that expire, but the rights of particular users. Whereas some solutions make documents completely inaccessible for all users after expiry, Oracle IRM can allow some users to continue using documents while other users lose access. Equally crucially, a user whose rights have expired can always be granted fresh rights at any time - for example, because they renew their subscription or because a manager confirms that they still need the rights as part of a corporate compliance process. By applying expiry to rights rather than to documents, Oracle IRM avoids the risk of locking an organization out of its own information.

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• SQL SERVER – CSVExpress and Quick Data Load

  - by pinaldave

  One of the newest ETL tools is CSVexpress.com.  This is a program that can quickly load any CSV file into ODBC compliant databases uses data integration.  For those of you familiar with databases and how they operate, the question that comes to mind might be what use this program will have in your life. I have written earlier article on this subject over here SQL SERVER – Import CSV into Database – Transferring File Content into a Database Table using CSVexpress. You might know that RDBMS have automatic support for loading CSV files into tables – but it is not quite as easy as one click of a button.  First of all, most databases have a command line interface and you need the file and configuration script in order to load up.  You also need to know enough to write the script – which for novices can be extremely daunting.  On top of all this, if you work with more than one type of RDBMS, you need to know the ins and outs of uploading and writing script for more than one program. So you might begin to see how useful CSVexpress.com might be!  There are many other tools that enable uploading files to a database.  They can be very fancy – some can generate configuration files automatically, others load the data directly.  Again, novices will be able to tell you why these aren’t the most useful programs in the world.  You see, these programs were created with SQL in mind, not for uploading data.  If you don’t have large amounts of data to upload, getting the configurations right can be a long process and you will have to check the code that is generated yourself.  Not exactly “easy to use” for novices. That makes CSVexpress.com one of the best new tools available for everyone – but especially people who don’t want to learn a lot of new material all at once.  CSVexpress has an easy to navigate graphical user interface and no scripting or coding is required.  There are built-in constraints and data validations, and you can configure transforms and reject records right there on the screen.  But the best thing of all – it’s free! That’s right, you can download CSVexpress for free from www.csvexpress.com and start easily uploading and configuring riles almost immediately.  If you’re currently happy with your method of data configuration, keep up with the good work.  For the rest of us, there’s CSVexpress.com. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL Utility, T SQL, Technology

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• Excel Solver vs Solver Foundation

  - by JoshReuben

  I recently read a book http://www.amazon.com/Scientific-Engineering-Cookbook-Cookbooks-OReilly/dp/0596008791/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1296593374&sr=8-1 - the Excel Scientific and Engineering Cookbook.     The 2 main tools that this book leveraged were the Data Analysis Pack and Excel Solver. I had previously been aquanted with Microsoft Solver Foundation - this is a full fledged API for solving optimization problems, and went beyond being a mere Excel plugin - it exposed a C# programmatic interface for in process and a web service interface for out of process integration. were they the same? apparently not!   2 different solver frameworks for Excel: http://www.solver.com/index.html http://www.solverfoundation.com/ I contacted both vendors to get their perspectives.   Heres what the Excel Solver guys had to say:   "The Solver Foundation requires you to learn and use a very specific modeling language (OML). The Excel solver allows you to formulate your optimization problems without learning any new language simply by entering the formulas into cells on the Excel spreadsheet, something that nearly everyone is already familiar with doing.   The Excel Solver also allows you to seamlessly upgrade to products that combine Monte Carlo Simulation capabilities (our Risk Solver Premium and Risk Solver Platform products) which allow you to include uncertainty into your models when appropriate.   Our advanced Excel Solver Products also have a number of built in reporting tools for advanced analysis of the your model and it's results"           And Heres what the Microsoft Solver Foundation guys had to say:   "  With the release of Solver Foundation 3.0, Solver Foundation has the same kinds of solvers (plus a few more) than what is found in Excel Solver. I think there are two main differences:   1.      Problems are described differently. In Excel Solver the goals and constraints are specified inside the spreadsheet, in formulas. In Solver Foundation they are described either in .Net code that uses the Solver Foundation Services API, or using the OML modeling language in Excel. 2.      Solver Foundation’s primary strength is on solving large linear, mixed integer, and constraint models. That is, models that contain arbitrary nonlinear functions (such as trig functions, IF(), powers, etc) are handled a bit better by the Excel Solver at this point. "

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• SQL Saturday #162 Cambridge

  - by Most Valuable Yak (Rob Volk)

  Despite the efforts of American Airlines, this past weekend I attended the first SQL Saturday in the UK!  Hosted by the SQLCambs Chapter of PASS and organized by Mark (b|t) & Lorraine Broadbent, ably assisted by John Martin (b|t), Mark Pryce-Maher (b|t) and other folks whose names I've unfortunately forgotten, it was held at the Crowne Plaza Hotel, which is completely surrounded by Cambridge University. On Friday, they presented 3 pre-conference sessions given by the brilliant American Cloud & DBA Guru, Buck Woody (b|t), the brilliant Danish SQL Server Internals Guru, Mark Rasmussen (b|t), and the brilliant Scottish Business Intelligence Guru and recent Outstanding Pass Volunteer, Jen Stirrup (b|t).  While I would have loved to attend any of their pre-cons (having seen them present several times already), finances and American Airlines ultimately made that impossible.  But not to worry, I caught up with them during the regular sessions and at the speaker dinner.  And I got back the money they all owed me.  (Actually I owed Mark some money) The schedule was jam-packed even with only 4 tracks, there were 8 regular slots, a lunch session for sponsor presentations, and a 15 minute keynote given by Buck Woody, who besides giving an excellent history of SQL Server at Microsoft (and before), also explained the source of the "unknown contact" image that appears in Outlook.  Hint: it's not Buck himself. Amazingly, and against all better judgment, I even got to present at SQL Saturday 162!  I did a 5 minute Lightning Talk on Regular Expressions in SSMS.  I then did a regular 50 minute session on Constraints.  You can download the content for the regular session at that link, and for the regular expression presentation here. I had a great time and had a great audience for both of my sessions.  You would never have guessed this was the first event for the organizers, everything went very smoothly, especially for the number of attendees and the relative smallness of the space.  The event sponsors also deserve a lot of credit for making themselves fit in a small area and for staying through the entire event until the giveaways at the very end. Overall this was one of the best SQL Saturdays I've ever attended and I have to congratulate Mark B, Lorraine, John, Mark P-M, and all the volunteers and speakers for making this an astoundingly hard act to follow!  Well done!

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• VSDB to SSDT Part 1 : Converting projects and trimming excess files

  - by Etienne Giust

  Visual Studio 2012 introduces a change regarding Database Projects : they now use the SSDT technology, which means old VS2010 database projects (VSDB projects) need to be converted. Hopefully, VS2012 does that for you and it is quite painless, but in my case some unnecessary artifacts from the old project were left in place.  Also, when reopening the solution, database projects appeared unconverted even if I had converted them in the previous session and saved the solution.   Converting the project(s) When opening your Visual Studio 2010 solution with Visual Studio 2012, every standard project should be converted by default, but Visual Studio will ask you about your database projects : “Functional changes required Visual Studio will automatically make functional changes to the following projects in order to open them. The project behavior will change as a result. You will be able to open these projects in this version and Visual Studio 2010 SP1.” If you accept, your project is converted. And it should compile with no errors right away except if you have dependencies to dbschema files which are no longer supported.   The output of a SSDT project is a dacpac file which replaces the dbschema file you were accustomed to. References to dacpac files can be added to SSDT projects in the same fashion references to dbschema could be added to VSDB projects.   Cleaning up You will notice that your project file is now a sqlproj file but the old dbproj is still here. In fact at that point you can still reopen the solution in Visual Studio 2010 and everything should show up.   If like me you plan on using VS2012 exclusively, you can get rid of the following files which are still on your disk and in your source control : the dbproj and dbproj.vspscc files Properties/Database.sqlcmdvars Properties/Database.sqldeployment Properties/Database.sqlpermissions Properties/Database.sqlsettings   You might wonder where the information which used to be in the Properties files is now stored. Permissions : a Permissions.sql was created at the root level of your project. Note that when you create a new database project and import a database using the Schema Compare capabilities from Visual Studio, imported table and stored procedure definition files will hold the permission information (along with constraints and, indexes) SQLVars : they are defined inside the publish.xml files Deployment : they are also in the publish.xml files Settings : I was unable to find where those are now. I suppose they are not defined anymore   But Visual Studio still says my database projects should be converted ! I had this error upon closing and then re-opening the solution : my database projects would appear unconverted even though I did all the necessary steps previously.   Easy solution : remove those projects from the solution and add them again (the sqlproj files).   More For those who run into problems when converting from VSDB to SSDT, I suggest reading the following post : http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ssdt/archive/2011/11/21/top-vsdb-gt-ssdt-project-conversion-issues.aspx   Also interesting, is a side by side comparison of VSDB and SSDT project features : http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ssdt/archive/2011/11/21/sql-server-data-tools-ctp4-vs-vs2010-database-projects.aspx

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• Altering a Column Which has a Default Constraint

  - by Dinesh Asanka

  Setting up a default column is a common task for  developers.  But, are we naming those default constraints explicitly? In the below  table creation, for the column, sys_DateTime the default value Getdate() will be allocated. CREATE TABLE SampleTable (ID int identity(1,1), Sys_DateTime Datetime DEFAULT getdate() ) We can check the relevant information from the system catalogs from following query. SELECT sc.name TableName, dc.name DefaultName, dc.definition, OBJECT_NAME(dc.parent_object_id) TableName, dc.is_system_named  FROM sys.default_constraints dc INNER JOIN sys.columns sc ON dc.parent_object_id = sc.object_id AND dc.parent_column_id = sc.column_id and results would be: Most of the above columns are self-explanatory. The last column, is_system_named, is to identify whether the default name was given by the system. As you know, in the above case, since we didn’t provide  any default name, the  system will generate a default name for you. But the problem with these names is that they can differ from environment to environment.  If example if I create this table in different table the default name could be DF__SampleTab__Sys_D__7E6CC920 Now let us create another default and explicitly name it: CREATE TABLE SampleTable2 (ID int identity(1,1), Sys_DateTime Datetime )   ALTER TABLE SampleTable2 ADD CONSTRAINT DF_sys_DateTime_Getdate DEFAULT( Getdate()) FOR Sys_DateTime If we run the previous query again we will be returned the below output. And you can see that last created default name has 0 for is_system_named. Now let us say I want to change the data type of the sys_DateTime column to something else: ALTER TABLE SampleTable2 ALTER COLUMN Sys_DateTime Date This will generate the below error: Msg 5074, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 The object ‘DF_sys_DateTime_Getdate’ is dependent on column ‘Sys_DateTime’. Msg 4922, Level 16, State 9, Line 1 ALTER TABLE ALTER COLUMN Sys_DateTime failed because one or more objects access this column. This means, you need to drop the default constraint before altering it: ALTER TABLE [dbo].[SampleTable2] DROP CONSTRAINT [DF_sys_DateTime_Getdate] ALTER TABLE SampleTable2 ALTER COLUMN Sys_DateTime Date   ALTER TABLE [dbo].[SampleTable2] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_sys_DateTime_Getdate] DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [Sys_DateTime] If you have a system named default constraint that can differ from environment to environment and so you cannot drop it as before, you can use the below code template: DECLARE @defaultname VARCHAR(255) DECLARE @executesql VARCHAR(1000)   SELECT @defaultname = dc.name FROM sys.default_constraints dc INNER JOIN sys.columns sc ON dc.parent_object_id = sc.object_id AND dc.parent_column_id = sc.column_id WHERE OBJECT_NAME (parent_object_id) = 'SampleTable' AND sc.name ='Sys_DateTime' SET @executesql = 'ALTER TABLE SampleTable DROP CONSTRAINT ' + @defaultname EXEC( @executesql) ALTER TABLE SampleTable ALTER COLUMN Sys_DateTime Date ALTER TABLE [dbo].[SampleTable] ADD DEFAULT (Getdate()) FOR [Sys_DateTime]

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• Where would my different development rhythm be suitable for the work?

  - by DarenW

  Over the years I have worked on many projects, with some successful and a great benefit to the company, and some total failures with me getting fired or otherwise leaving. What is the difference? Naturally I prefer the former and wish to avoid the latter, so I'm pondering this issue. The key seems to be that my personal approach differs from the norm. I write code first, letting it be all spaghetti and chaos, using whatever tools "fit my hand" that I'm fluent in. I try to organize it, then give up and start over with a better design. I go through cycles, from thinking-design to coding-testing. This may seem to be the same as any other development process, Agile or whatever, cycling between design and coding, but there does seem to be a subtle difference: The methods (ideally) followed by most teams goes design, code; design, code; ... while I'm going code, design; code, design; (if that makes any sense.) Music analogy: some types of music have a strong downbeat while others have prominent syncopation. In practice, I just can't think in terms of UML, specifications and so on, but grok things only by attempting to code and debug and refactor ad-hoc. I need the grounding provided by coding in order to think constructively, then to offer any opinions, advice or solutions to the team and get real work done. In positions where I can initially hack up cowboy code without constraints of tool or language choices, I easily gain a "feel" for the data, requirements etc and eventually do good work. In formalized positions where paperwork and pure "design" comes first and only later any coding (even for small proof-of-concept projects), I am lost at sea and drown. Therefore, I'd like to know how to either 1) change my rhythm to match the more formalized methodology-oriented team ways of doing things, or 2) find positions at organizations where my sense of development rhythm is perfect for the work. It's probably unrealistic for a person to change their fundamental approach to things. So option 2) is preferred. So where I can I find such positions? How common is my approach and where is it seen as viable but different, and not dismissed as undisciplined or cowboy coder ways?

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• Is there an appropriate coding style for implementing an algorithm during an interview?

  - by GlenPeterson

  I failed an interview question in C years ago about converting hex to decimal by not exploiting the ASCII table if (inputDigitByte > 9) hex = inputDigitByte - 'a'. The rise of Unicode has made this question pretty silly, but the point was that the interviewer valued raw execution speed above readability and error handling. They tell you to review algorithms textbooks to prepare for these interviews, yet these same textbooks tend to favor the implementation with the fewest lines of code, even if it has to rely on magic numbers (like "infinity") and a slower, more memory-intensive implementation (like a linked list instead of an array) to do that. I don't know what is right. Coding an algorithm within the space of an interview has at least 3 constraints: time to code, elegance/readability, and efficiency of execution. What trade-offs are appropriate for interview code? How much do you follow the textbook definition of an algorithm? Is it better to eliminate recursion, unroll loops, and use arrays for efficiency? Or is it better to use recursion and special values like "infinity" or Integer.MAX_VALUE to reduce the number of lines of code needed to write the algorithm? Interface: Make a very self-contained, bullet-proof interface, or sloppy and fast? On the one extreme, the array to be sorted might be a public static variable. On the other extreme, it might need to be passed to each method, allowing methods to be called individually from different threads for different purposes. Is it appropriate to use a linked-list data structure for items that are traversed in one direction vs. using arrays and doubling the size when the array is full? Implementing a singly-linked list during the interview is often much faster to code and easier remember for recursive algorithms like MergeSort. Thread safety - just document that it's unsafe, or say so verbally? How much should the interviewee be looking for opportunities for parallel processing? Is bit shifting appropriate? x / 2 or x >> 1 Polymorphism, type safety, and generics? Comments? Variable and method names: qs(a, p, q, r) vs: quickSort(theArray, minIdx, partIdx, maxIdx) How much should you use existing APIs? Obviously you can't use a java.util.HashMap to implement a hash-table, but what about using a java.util.List to accumulate your sorted results? Are there any guiding principals that would answer these and other questions, or is the guiding principal to ask the interviewer? Or maybe this should be the basis of a discussion while writing the code? If an interviewer can't or won't answer one of these questions, are there any tips for coaxing the information out of them?

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• What source code organization approach helps improve modularity and API/Implementation separation?

  - by Berin Loritsch

  Few languages are as restrictive as Java with file naming standards and project structure. In that language, the file name must match the public class declared in the file, and the file must live in a directory structure matching the class package. I have mixed feelings about that approach. While I never have to guess where a file lives, there's still a lot of empty directories and artificial constraints. There's several languages that define everything about a class in one file, at least by convention. C#, Python (I think), Ruby, Erlang, etc. The commonality in most these languages is that they are object oriented, although that statement can probably be rebuffed (there is one non-OO language in the list already). Finally, there's quite a few languages mostly in the C family that have a separate header and implementation file. For C I think this makes sense, because it is one of the few ways to separate the API interface from implementations. With C it seems that feature is used to promote modularity. Yet, with C++ the way header and implementation files are split seems rather forced. You don't get the same clean API separation that you do with C, and you are forced to include some private details in the header you would rather keep only in the implementation. There's quite a few languages that have a concept that overlaps with interfaces like Java, C#, Go, etc. Some languages use what feels like a hack to provide the same concept like C# using pure virtual abstract classes. Still others don't really have an interface concept and rely on "duck" typing--for example Ruby. Ruby has modules, but those are more along the lines of mixing in behaviors to a class than they are for defining how to interact with a class. In OO terms, interfaces are a powerful way to provide separation between an API client and an API implementation. So to hurry up and ask the question, from a personal experience point of view: Does separation of header and implementation help you write more modular code, or does it get in the way? (it helps to specify the language you are referring to) Does the strict file name to class name scheme of Java help maintainability, or is it unnecessary structure for structure's sake? What would you propose to promote good API/Implementation separation and project maintenance, how would you prefer to do it?

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• How to port animation from one skeleton to another?

  - by shawn

  While I need to do this in a Blender3D modeler script, the math should be similar for other modelers or realtime engines. Blender3D specific terminology: Armature = skeleton EditBone = rest pose bone (stores the rest pose matrix) PoseBone = can store a different pose (animation matrix) for each frame of your animation I need to share animations (Blender Actions) between Armatures which have EditBones with same names and which have the same positions, but can have different (rest pose) angles and scales. Plus the Armatures might have different bone hierarchy (bone parenting/ no bone parenting). Why I need this: I've made an importer/exporter for a 3d format for a game. The format doesn't store enough info to connect/parent the bones, which makes posing/animating character models in a 3d modeller nearly impossible (original model files for the 3d modeler don't exist, this is for modding). As there are only 2 character skeleton types in the game, I decided to optionally allow to generate the bone from a hardcoded data in the model importer and undo that in the exporter. This allows to easily pose the model for checking weights, easily create weights, makes it easier for Blender to generate automatic weights and of course makes animating possible. This worked perfectly: the importer optionally generated the Armature itself and the exporter removed those changes, so the exported model works with existing animations in the game. But now I'm writing an importer and exporter for the game's animation format and here come the problems of: Trying to make original animations work in Blender with my "custom" (modified) Armature Trying to make animations created by using the "custom" (modified) Armature work with the original models in the game (and Blender). Constraints or bone snapping inside Blender won't work as they don't care that the bones have different angles in the rest pose, they will still face the same direction. It seems I just need to get the "difference" between the EditBone matrices of all EditBones for the two Armatures somehow and apply that difference to PoseBone matrices of all PoseBones, for all frames of my animation. I need to know how to get that difference and how to apply it. BTW, PoseBone matrices are relative to rest pose, they are by default [1.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000](matrix [row 0]) [0.000000, 1.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000](matrix [row 1]) [0.000000, 0.000000, 1.000000, 0.000000](matrix [row 2]) [0.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 1.000000](matrix [row 3]) So the question is: How to get the difference between two bone (EditBone) matrices to apply that difference to the animation matrices (PoseBone matrices)? Please be easy on the matrix math.

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• Exit Infragistics, Enter Telerik

  - by Anthony Trudeau

  Today I made the purchase of the Premium Collection of components from Telerik.  This follows an evaluation I’ve been doing to replace the Infragistics components we currently use for Windows Forms, ASP.NET MVC, and WPF. It was not a formal evaluation.  I had already decided to move the company away from Infragistics.  That decision was mostly born out of frustration with support over using the Infragistics components in my first production MVC application. One such issue was a simple scenario where you have a model that has a scalar property that can be one value out of a list.  The built-in combobox does this, but I was told by Infragistics support that they didn’t support it – and it took them several emails and days of waiting between responses to determine that.  I implemented this in Telerik in a minute not including the several minutes it took me to get a rudimentary understanding for the component and its API. Here’s the code using the built-in combobox:@Html.DropDownListFor(x => x.VendorId, new SelectList(ViewBag.Vendors, "VendorId", "VendorName", Model.VendorId), "Select Id") Here’s the code using the Telerik combobox:@(Html.Telerik().ComboBoxFor(model => model.VendorId) .AutoFill(true) .BindTo(new SelectList(ViewBag.Vendors, "VendorId", "VendorName", Model.VendorId)) )   I chose Telerik over other competitors based on the professional appearance of their website, and how easy it was to find information.  I’d like to say I had time to evaluate other Infragistics competitors.  Due to time constraints I had to make an initial decision based on superficial, but still important things. I picked Telerik with the plan to only look further at other companies if my evaluation didn’t meet my expectations.  Luckily they did, because I didn’t relish the thought of carving out more time to evaluate another set of components. Overall my experience with Telerik has been superior to Infragistics in every way.  The installation was easy using their control panel installer application.  Getting up to speed has been easy.  And the communication from Telerik has met my expectations.  And we’ll continue to be good as long as I don’t start getting email messages from a sales rep saying that they want to talk to me about training and consulting – I’m looking at you Infragistics.

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• Is reliance on parametrized queries the only way to protect against SQL injection?

  - by Chris Walton

  All I have seen on SQL injection attacks seems to suggest that parametrized queries, particularly ones in stored procedures, are the only way to protect against such attacks. While I was working (back in the Dark Ages) stored procedures were viewed as poor practice, mainly because they were seen as less maintainable; less testable; highly coupled; and locked a system into one vendor; (this question covers some other reasons). Although when I was working, projects were virtually unaware of the possibility of such attacks; various rules were adopted to secure the database against corruption of various sorts. These rules can be summarised as: No client/application had direct access to the database tables. All accesses to all tables were through views (and all the updates to the base tables were done through triggers). All data items had a domain specified. No data item was permitted to be nullable - this had implications that had the DBAs grinding their teeth on occasion; but was enforced. Roles and permissions were set up appropriately - for instance, a restricted role to give only views the right to change the data. So is a set of (enforced) rules such as this (though not necessarily this particular set) an appropriate alternative to parametrized queries in preventing SQL injection attacks? If not, why not? Can a database be secured against such attacks by database (only) specific measures? EDIT Emphasis of the question changed slightly, in the light of the initial responses received. Base question unchanged. EDIT2 The approach of relying on paramaterized queries seems to be only a peripheral step in defense against attacks on systems. It seems to me that more fundamental defenses are both desirable, and may render reliance on such queries not necessary, or less critical, even to defend specifically against injection attacks. The approach implicit in my question was based on "armouring" the database and I had no idea whether it was a viable option. Further research has suggested that there are such approaches. I have found the following sources that provide some pointers to this type of approach: http://database-programmer.blogspot.com http://thehelsinkideclaration.blogspot.com The principle features I have taken from these sources is: An extensive data dictionary, combined with an extensive security data dictionary Generation of triggers, queries and constraints from the data dictionary Minimize Code and maximize data While the answers I have had so far are very useful and point out difficulties arising from disregarding paramaterized queries, ultimately they do not answer my original question(s) (now emphasised in bold).

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• Canonicalization issue regarding academic URL vs. blog URL

  - by user5395

  I'm sorry if what I am about to write is long-winded. I only wish to be clear. I am an academic in the scientific community. I maintain a web site for my research, teaching, and other professional activities. Until recently, the content for this site was hosted in a directory on my university department's own server. The address is of the typical form (universityname).edu/~(myusername) I decided that I wanted to use WordPress in order to host and manage my page. So I set up a WordPress.com blog and then replaced the index.html file in (universityname).edu/~(myusername) with a new one consisting of a single frame, containing the WordPress.com blog. Now when a user visits (universityname).edu/~(myusername), he or she sees the blog instead. This has been pretty nice because, even when the user clicks on links between pages or posts in the blog, the only thing showing up in the address bar of the browser is www.(universityname).edu/~(myusername), because the blog is constrained to a frame. However, the effect of this change on the search side of things has not been so kind to me. Before, when someone searched for my name in Google, the first result was always (universityname).edu/~(myusername). This is the most desirable outcome, for professional reasons. (Having my academic URL come up first suggests that I am an accredited professional, and not just some crank with a blog!) But now, Google seems to have canonicalized my web presence under the blog's WordPress.com address. It has completely forgotten about my academic URL and considers the WordPress.com address to be the best address representing me on the web. Unfortunately, WordPress.com doesn't support the canonical tag, so I can't tell the blog to advertise itself as my academic URL in the header. (It doesn't seem to help at all that I have used the WordPress.com dashboard to turn on no-indexing of the blog.) One obvious solution would be to use the departmental server to host my content again, and use a local installation of the WordPress platform. For reasons beyond my control, the platform will not be deployed on the departmental server at this time. Another solution would be to use shared hosting with WordPress.org support, because the WordPress.org platform does support the canonical tag (albeit via a plug-in). But this seems to usually require purchasing a domain name and other fees, and there is no guarantee that Google will listen to the canonical tag (it might use whatever domain name I end up with instead). Is there a way I can more cleverly integrate the WordPress.com blog into a page hosted on my department's server? Is there some PHP code I can write to retrieve the blog's contents in a way that Google won't treat as a link / "perceive" the blog? Please note: I am a PHP novice at best. I just feel there should be a simpler solution to all this, within the constraints of what I have described above. Thanks!

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• Throwing exception from a property when my object state is invalid

  - by Rumi P.

  Microsoft guidelines say: "Avoid throwing exceptions from property getters", and I normally follow that. But my application uses Linq2SQL, and there is the case where my object can be in invalid state because somebody or something wrote nonsense into the database. Consider this toy example: [Table(Name="Rectangle")] public class Rectangle { [Column(Name="ID", IsPrimaryKey = true, IsDbGenerated = true)] public int ID {get; set;} [Column(Name="firstSide")] public double firstSide {get; set;} [Column(Name="secondSide")] public double secondSide {get; set;} public double sideRatio { get { return firstSide/secondSide; } } } Here, I could write code which ensures that my application never writes a Rectangle with a zero-length side into the database. But no matter how bulletproof I make my own code, somebody could open the database with a different application and create an invalid Rectangle, especially one with a 0 for secondSide. (For this example, please forget that it is possible to design the database in a way such that writing a side length of zero into the rectangle table is impossible; my domain model is very complex and there are constraints on model state which cannot be expressed in a relational database). So, the solution I am gravitating to is to change the getter to: get { if(firstSide > 0 && secondSide > 0) return firstSide/secondSide; else throw new System.InvalidOperationException("All rectangle sides should have a positive length"); } The reasoning behind not throwing exceptions from properties is that programmers should be able to use them without having to make precautions about catching and handling them them. But in this case, I think that it is OK to continue to use this property without such precautions: if the exception is thrown because my application wrote a non-zero rectangle side into the database, then this is a serious bug. It cannot and shouldn't be handled in the application, but there should be code which prevents it. It is good that the exception is visibly thrown, because that way the bug is caught. if the exception is thrown because a different application changed the data in the database, then handling it is outside of the scope of my application. So I can't do anything about it if I catch it. Is this a good enough reasoning to get over the "avoid" part of the guideline and throw the exception? Or should I turn it into a method after all? Note that in the real code, the properties which can have an invalid state feel less like the result of a calculation, so they are "natural" properties, not methods.

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