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• Second monitor not detected

  - by configurator

  Note: I've seen this question quite a lot, but in all the cases I could find with answers, the answer was either "I don't know" or "use nvidia-settings (which is irrelevant to me)." I'm using Intel Sandybridge Desktop graphics, with a P8H61-M LE motherboard. How do I get Ubuntu to detect my second monitor? Clicking "Detect Displays" here doesn't do anything. Here's some system info: $ lspci | grep VGA 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) $ uname -a Linux clyde 3.5.0-13-generic #13-Ubuntu SMP Tue Aug 28 08:31:47 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux $ hardinfo [copied from the UI] -Display- Resolution : 1920x1080 pixels Vendor : The X.Org Foundation Version : 1.12.3 -Monitors- Monitor 0 : 1920x1080 pixels -Extensions- BIG-REQUESTS Composite DAMAGE DOUBLE-BUFFER DPMS DRI2 GLX Generic Event Extension MIT-SCREEN-SAVER MIT-SHM RANDR RECORD RENDER SECURITY SGI-GLX SHAPE SYNC X-Resource XC-MISC XFIXES XFree86-DGA XFree86-VidModeExtension XINERAMA XInputExtension XKEYBOARD XTEST XVideo -OpenGL- Vendor : Intel Open Source Technology Center Renderer : Mesa DRI Intel(R) Sandybridge Desktop Version : 3.0 Mesa 8.1-devel Direct Rendering : Yes I've tried upgrading everything from ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa and ppa:glasen/intel-driver. I've also installed various tools I've found in other threads (e.g. hardinfo) but they weren't really helpful to me as I don't know what to make of the data. How do I get Ubuntu to detect my second monitor?

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• Ubuntu 12.04 can't detect internal mobile broadband (Gobi 2000)

  - by Anega

  Hi I have been trying Ubuntu to detect and connect using the buit in mobile broadband capability in my HP 110 netbook but until now nothing seems to work Output of lspci command: 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge (rev e2) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GBM (ICH7-M) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 02) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 82801GBM/GHM (ICH7-M Family) SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 02) 01:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4312 802.11b/g LP-PHY (rev 01) 02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Atheros Communications Inc. AR8132 Fast Ethernet (rev c0) Output of lsusb command: Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 001 Device 002: ID 1fea:0008 Bus 005 Device 002: ID 03f0:2a1d Hewlett-Packard Bus 001 Device 005: ID 03f0:241d Hewlett-Packard Gobi 2000 Wireless Modem (QDL mode) So far I have been trying what is intended on several pages, trying to update firmware using wine and then moving .mda or whatever files the update package GobiInstaller.mdi throws out. The results are always the same: After running Output of wine msiexec /a GobiInstaller.msi /qb TARGETDIR="c:\temp" fixme:advapi:GetCurrentHwProfileA (0x33fba8) semi-stub fixme:heap:HeapSetInformation (nil) 1 (nil) 0 fixme:win:RegisterDeviceNotificationA (hwnd=0x13e250, filter=0xf7e984,flags=0x00000001) returns a fake device notification handle! fixme:heap:HeapSetInformation (nil) 1 (nil) 0 fixme:heap:HeapSetInformation (nil) 1 (nil) 0 fixme:advapi:RegisterEventSourceW ((null),L"Bonjour Service"): stub fixme:advapi:ReportEventA (0xcafe4242,0x0004,0x0000,0x00000064, (nil),0x0001,0x00000000,0x79e58c,(nil)): stub fixme:advapi:ReportEventW (0xcafe4242,0x0004,0x0000,0x00000064, (nil),0x0001,0x00000000,0x12e6d0,(nil)): stub fixme:winsock:WSAIoctl WS_SIO_UDP_CONNRESET stub fixme:winsock:WSAIoctl -> SIO_ADDRESS_LIST_CHANGE request: stub fixme:iphlpapi:DeleteIpForwardEntry (pRoute 0x79e920): stub fixme:iphlpapi:CreateIpForwardEntry (pRoute 0x79e958): stub fixme:advapi:ReportEventA (0xcafe4242,0x0004,0x0000,0x00000064, (nil),0x0001,0x00000000,0x79e58c,(nil)): stub fixme:advapi:ReportEventW (0xcafe4242,0x0004,0x0000,0x00000064, (nil),0x0001,0x00000000,0x12e6d0,(nil)): stub fixme:service:EnumServicesStatusW resume handle not supported fixme:service:EnumServicesStatusW resume handle not supported fixme:advapi:ReportEventA (0xcafe4242,0x0004,0x0000,0x00000064,(nil),0x0001,0x00000000,0x79e58c,(nil)): stub fixme:advapi:ReportEventW (0xcafe4242,0x0004,0x0000,0x00000064, (nil),0x0001,0x00000000,0x12e6d0,(nil)): stub fixme:netapi32:NetGetJoinInformation Semi-stub (null) 0x79e644 0x79e63c fixme:winsock:WSAIoctl WS_SIO_UDP_CONNRESET stub fixme:storage:create_storagefile Storage share mode not implemented. err:msi:ITERATE_Actions Execution halted, action L"_693CD41C_A4A2_4FA1_8888_FC56C9E6E13B" returned 1603 err:rpc:I_RpcGetBuffer no binding err:rpc:I_RpcGetBuffer no binding andres@andres-HP-Mini-110-1100:~/.wine/drive_c/Qualcomm$ fixme:advapi:ReportEventA (0xcafe4242,0x0004,0x0000,0x00000064,(nil),0x0001,0x00000000,0x79e588,(nil)): stub fixme:advapi:ReportEventW (0xcafe4242,0x0004,0x0000,0x00000064, (nil),0x0001,0x00000000,0x12e6d0,(nil)): stub And creates 2 empty folders, I have been trying hard and I am not sure if I am doing it the way it should be. Thanks

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• Can't get my Blue Snowflake Mic to work

  - by TheNerdAL

  It was working fine when I bought it. I think it was an update or something that made it stop. I don't think the Mic is broken, at least I hope not. Can anyone help? Please? I need it before tommorrow. I'm working on a video. I get this when I check the terminal for what USB devices are connected: Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 003 Device 004: ID 2525:8912 Bus 003 Device 003: ID 058f:9360 Alcor Micro Corp. 8-in-1 Media Card Reader Bus 003 Device 002: ID 056a:00d2 Wacom Co., Ltd Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Thanks.

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• Connectify Dispatch: Link All Your Network Connections into a Super Pipeline

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  Connectify Dispatch is a network management tool that takes all the connections around you–Ethernet, Wi-Fi nodes, even 3G/4G cellular connections–and combines them into one giant data pipeline. At its most simple, Connectify Dispatch takes all the network inputs available to your computer (be those connections hard-line Ethernet, Wi-Fi nodes, or cellular connections) and merges the separate data connections seamlessly into one master connection. If any of the connections should falter (like your 3G reception goes out), Connectify automatically shifts the data to other available networks without any interruption. In addition you can specify which network Connectify should favor with connection prioritization; perfect for using your cellular connection without breaking through your data cap for the month right away. Hit up the link below to read more about Connectify Dispatch and the companion app Connectify Hotspot. Connectify Dispatch Secure Yourself by Using Two-Step Verification on These 16 Web Services How to Fix a Stuck Pixel on an LCD Monitor How to Factory Reset Your Android Phone or Tablet When It Won’t Boot

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• What would cause SSD to become not detectable?

  - by Balthazar

  I recently purchased an Intel 520 120GB SSD and installed Ubuntu on it. Occasionally my system will freeze and I will have to ALT-PRINT SCREEN-REISUB to reboot. Sometimes it will reboot and work just fine. Other times it just hangs at a flashing prompt. If I boot from a Live USB I can run Boot-Repair and it will usually reboot fine the next go round. I have noticed today that when I am running the live USB and open Nautilus my SSD partitions will sporadically disappear and reappear. Even if they are mounted. I was thinking it was a poor connection, but I have tried a different SATA cable and a different SATA port. Is it possible I have a faulty SSD, or is there something different you have to do with SSDs to make sure they stay mounted (I was thinking like it has some sort of goofy power savings feature that needs to be disabled). I found the place in the bios where the SATA ports are listed. They are all set to AHCI(Chipset - SATA Mode = AHCI) The unmounting/remounting happens all the time. I think this is the relevant part of the syslog: http://pastebin.com/WxHdRAAq

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• Information about SATA, IDE (PATA) controllers

  - by Adam Matan

  I have a remote computer on which I want to install a new hard drive for rsync backup. The problem is, I don't know what controller technology is used (PATA, SATA, SATA2, ...) and how many available slots are left. I want to spare me an unnecessary drive just for opening the chassis and looking into wires. How do I query the SATA or PATA controllers? I'm interested in the following points: Which controllers exist in the machine How many (and which) disks are attached to each controller How many available slots are there

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• HighPoint RocketRAID 62x Controller

  - by TeXnewbie

  I have the subject card recently installed in Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS (GNU/Linux 3.2.0-31-generic x86_64). See partial lspci -vv listing below (complete listing played havoc with pre tags): 03:00.0 RAID bus controller: HighPoint Technologies, Inc. Device 0622 (rev 01) Subsystem: HighPoint Technologies, Inc. Device 0001 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 32 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 11 Region 0: I/O ports at 9c00 [size=8] Region 1: I/O ports at 9800 [size=4] Region 2: I/O ports at 9400 [size=8] Region 3: I/O ports at 9000 [size=4] Region 4: I/O ports at 8c00 [size=16] Region 5: Memory at fdbff000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K] Expansion ROM at fdbe0000 [disabled] [size=64K] Capabilities: I followed instructions I found at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RocketRaid to compile the drivers for it, and although performing the process described there seemed to work fine with no noticeable errors, when I rebooted after performing that procedure I could not boot. During dkms steps, I noticed messages indicating that (If next boot fails, revert to initrd.img-3.2.0-31-generic.old-dkms image) update-initramfs................ so I booted using a Ubuntu 12.10 LiveDVD and reverted to the old-dkms initrd.img as suggested above, but this failed to repair the boot problem. Ultimately, I used https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair in Ubuntu-Secure-Remix to fix the boot problem and was able to boot normally again, but now with the newly generated initrd.img in place again (which now boots normally), when I modprobe the rr62x kernel module, I immediately get a hard crash with messages to console about a kernel paging request that seems to have caused the problem. I've tried on multiple occasions now to use the newly built kernel module so as to allow me to use an eSATA port multiplier plugged into the card, but to no avail. Any suggestions on fixes or workarounds (I've read that some of the HighPoint cards (2720SGL) seem to work as a host bus adapter and thus may not need a custom driver, but that seems not to be the case for mine) would be most appreciated. My goal is to use the card as described here and with software RAID mdadm utilities. If necessary, I can hand-copy the console messages after the hard crash into a follow-up message, but I obviously can't do a cut/paste. I'll gladly provide any other details that are needed, but not sure what those would be at this point, so I'll refrain from adding other details for now. Thanks in advance for any help.

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• External USB hard drive makes noises when the computer is turned off

  - by Amir Adar

  I have an external USB hard drive of 500GB. I can't tell what model it is exactly, as nothing specific is written on it and I don't have the box anymore. I use it as a backup disk. It works absolutely fine when the computer is turned on: no problems with writing or reading, and everything is done in dead silence. However, if I turn the computer off and the disk is still connected, it stays on and makes clicking noises. For that reason I only connect it when I need to back up or restore. Does that mean there's a problem with the disk, or with some preferences in the system itself? Or something else?

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• Is big (as much as big) size display (Monitor) always better for Development?

  - by Jitendra Vyas

  Is bigger size display ( Monitor) always better for Development? I'm going to buy a new LCD Monitor. I mostly work in Adobe Photoshop, HTML, CSS, jQuery and Wordpress. Budget is not a problem. Many options are there for LCD Monitor SIZE My questions are Would it better for maximum size, or large size monitor are not good always? Would it better to buy 21.5 inch x 2 than one 30 inch monitor? Which monitor size would you would prefer between the size of 21.5 inch - 30 inch, if bugdet is not a problem?

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• Intel Server Strategy Shift with Sandy Bridge EN & EP

  - by jchang

  The arrival of the Sandy Bridge EN and EP processors, expected in early 2012, will mark the completion of a significant shift in Intel server strategy. For the longest time 1995-2009, the strategy had been to focus on producing a premium processor designed for 4-way systems that might also be used in 8-way systems and higher. The objective for 2-way systems was use the desktop processor that later had a separate brand and different package & socket to leverage the low cost structure in driving...(read more)

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• How can I test different TV display types for my XBLIG game?

  - by Steve Dunn

  The XBLIG submission check-list says to ensure that all important stuff critical to game-play be visible in the 'TitleSafeArea'. I've received a bug report during play-test of my game (Crazy Balloon Lite) that says parts of my scrolling 2D map are only half visible (i.e. chopped at the left of the screen). I've tested my game myself on a 47" TV and also a 19" VGA monitor, both of which look fine. The bug report says the issue occurs on a standard 20" TV. My question is: without buying different sizes of TVs, is there a way to test what my game will look like on different sized displays?

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• How to make "xrandr" work with GMA500?

  - by Nwbie

  Is it error at driver of graphic chip or Xorg or kernel? I am Asus T91mt with GMA500, Ubuntu 12.04.1. I would like too see only a notice of connection at least. A log of xrandr: $ lspci | grep VGA 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation System Corporation System Controller Hub (SCH Poulcbo) Graphics Controller (rev 07) vp@vc:~$ xrandr --verbose xrandr: Failed to get size of gamma for output default Screen 0: minimum 1024 x 600, current 1024 x 600, maximum 1024 x 600 default connected 1024x600+0+0 (0x138) normal (normal) 0mm x 0mm Identifier: 0x137 Timestamp: 26863 Subpixel: unknown Clones: CRTC: 0 CRTCs: 0 Transform: 1.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 filter: 1024x600 (0x138) 0.0MHz *current h: width 1024 start 0 end 0 total 1024 skew 0 clock 0.0KHz v: height 600 start 0 end 0 total 600 clock 0.0Hz vp@vc:~$ xrandr --prop xrandr: Failed to get size of gamma for output default Screen 0: minimum 1024 x 600, current 1024 x 600, maximum 1024 x 600 default connected 1024x600+0+0 0mm x 0mm 1024x600 0.0* vp@vc:~$ Please help, i am linux newbie and i am tired ;/

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• Does Hard Drive Orientation Affect Its Lifespan?

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  Many cases allow you to mount drives in vertical or horizontal configurations and external drives can be easily repositioned. Does the orientation of the hard drive affect the performance and longevity of the drive? Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-drive grouping of Q&A web sites. 6 Ways Windows 8 Is More Secure Than Windows 7 HTG Explains: Why It’s Good That Your Computer’s RAM Is Full 10 Awesome Improvements For Desktop Users in Windows 8

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• My wireless is hard-blocked

  - by Cristian

  I'm new to linux and i am having trouble getting my wireless to work I've found the following things Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes and : *-network DISABLED description: Wireless interface product: RT3090 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe vendor: Ralink corp. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 logical name: wlan0 version: 00 serial: 6c:62:6d:19:38:b9 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rt2800pci driverversion=3.2.0-25-generic-pae firmware=0.34 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn resources: irq:16 memory:fdfe0000-fdfefff Can you please tell me what to do?

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• How can I share the TV card on my home network? with a solution like `ln -s`?

  - by Boris

  My environment: - 2 PCs, a desktop and a laptop, both on Oneiric - they are connected together by ethernet wire - nfs-common is installed and configured: the desktop is the server - a TV tuner card is installed on the desktop, I can watch the French TNT TV with the software Me-TV It works fine, TV on desktop, and my network too: I share folders thanks to NFS. But I would like more: how can I share my TV tuner card from the desktop and be able to watch TV on the laptop too? If possible I would like a solution that allows me to keep using the software Me-TV, on both PCs. I bet that there is a solution to create a fake TV card on the 2nd PC. Something like ln -s on /dev/dvb/adapter0/.

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• Commercial product using a GPL OS

  - by pfried

  we are planning to create a commercial product. The product consists of come MCUs and a small computer (we are developping on a raspberry pi at the moment). The computer needs an operating system as we would like keep things like WLAN and booting as simple as possible. We create some software running on this computer (node.js application). The most operating systems like Arch Linux are licenced under the GPL. The product we would sell contains the computer with preinstalled OS and software. This system operates as a central access point to MCU devices and is able to control them. We use other's software in our product. We do not modify their source code. The product (the computer part) consists of a computer, an OS and software we create. How does the use of an OS affect our own code (licence)? Is there a possibility of avoiding GPL for our own code? eg. shipping the software seperated? Are there any effects to other components of our product, eg. the MCU part? The node.js application delivers a WebApp to the client where it is executed. Are there any effects (As we would like to sell parts of the code as an additional App on the App Stores)? I know we make use of the work of the community and i respect this. The problem is: The software alone is kind of useless without the MCU devices. I do not expect a legal advice.

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• No sound after installing a new Graphics Card

  - by Dan

  I've just upgraded my graphics card to an Asus Geforce 210 and now my system has no sound. I've ran Update Manager and the Additional Drivers utility which installed the latest Nvida driver. The graphics card is connected to my TV via a DVI-to-HDMI (DVI at the PC end) cable for the visual connection, and an audio jack from my onboard soundcard for my audio connection. Any ideas on how to resolve this? I ran this command ubuntu-bug audio And it outputted this: You seem to have configured PulseAudio to use the "pci-0000_05_00.1" card, while you want output from "NFORCE - NVidia CK804". I've tired a bit of messing about with the audio settings but can't get anything to work.

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• How do I fix "malformed line" errors in sources.list?

  - by david

  I had problems with my movie player. The sound was fine but the picture seemed to hesitate or stick or pause every few seconds so I was looking for some help on how to do this. I tried to install a command in the terminal and got this message: E:Malformed line 68 in source list /etc/apt/sources.list (dist parse) Can someone tell me how to fix this problem. I cannot open the software center or the update manager. The only other option I can think of is to wipe everything out and do a clean install. Thank you.

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• Asus X552VL WI-FI Problem

  - by Mitkobg

  I have a problem with my Wireless on my laptop. When i did rfkill list: 1: asus-wlan: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 2: asus-bluetooth: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 4: hci0: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 5: phy1: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes itko@Mitko:~$ iwconfig eth0 no wireless extensions. lo no wireless extensions. wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:off/any Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=off Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Power Management:off mitko@Mitko:~$ lspci -nnk | grep -A2 0280 03:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Qualcomm Atheros AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter [168c:0032] (rev 01) Subsystem: AzureWave Device [1a3b:2c97] Kernel driver in use: ath9k mitko@Mitko:~$ lsmod | grep -e ath9k -e asus asus_nb_wmi 16990 0 asus_wmi 24191 1 asus_nb_wmi sparse_keymap 13948 1 asus_wmi ath9k 164164 0 ath9k_common 13551 1 ath9k ath9k_hw 453856 2 ath9k_common,ath9k ath 28698 3 ath9k_common,ath9k,ath9k_hw mac80211 626557 1 ath9k cfg80211 484040 4 wl,ath,ath9k,mac80211 wmi 19177 3 mxm_wmi,nouveau,asus_wmi video 19476 3 i915,nouveau,asus_wmi

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• How do I get an HP 1018 laser printer to work on 12.04?

  - by MInner

  edit : already printed on windows-machine Ubuntu 12.04, LJ 1018. I've tried making foo2zjs from sourse. I've downloaded firmware and placed it where necessarily manually from here I've also tried this - same as manual dowload but with some patches like stoping cups, etc.. I've fixed usbfs: process 11200 (usb) did not claim interface 0 before use problems using sudo rmmod usblp as described here. And now I have Aug 10 11:51:59 pav /usr/sbin/hplj1018: foo2zjs: usb://HP/LaserJet%201018?serial=KP07RLV... download failed. Aug 10 11:51:59 pav /usr/sbin/hplj1018: foo2zjs: loading HP LaserJet 1018 firmware /lib/firmware/hp/sihp1018.dl to CUPS USB device ... error. Before that prinet was stucking on "Sending data to printer". Now it's code is "Not connected". Unless ben@pav:~$ lsusb ... Bus 001 Device 015: ID 03f0:4117 Hewlett-Packard LaserJet 1018 Thank you.

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• What features of old computers helped you learn to be a better programmer?

  - by David Cary

  What features of old computers helped you learn to be a better programmer -- but don't seem to be available on new computers? I imagine that, while educational, you are really glad some features are gone, such as programs ran so slowly that I could almost see each pixel being plotted, so I got a visceral feel for the effect of various optimizations. I imagine other features you may be a little nostalgic for, such as I could turn on the computer, and write a short program that printed "Hello, World" on the printer, before ever "booting" a "disk". (I'm hoping that this is constructive enough to avoid the fate of the " What have we lost from computers 20 years ago ?" question).

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• Any really decent way to get three monitors?

  - by JohnCC

  What satisfactory solutions are there to achieve three monitors on Ubuntu? I know some ATI cards (Eyefinity) can support 3 monitors from a single card, but I don't know how well this is supported under Linux and besides, I've never had much luck with ATI on Linux. The alternative is to try two cards, but there seem to be problems there too. It looks to me like xrandr cannot support 2 GPUs. I believe you'll end up with two separate "Screens" across which you cannot move applications or windows, unless you enable Xinerama which as I understand it disables some acceleration and probably compositing too. I've found so much conflicting information on this online, I'm really confused. Please advise!

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• How Can I Safely Destroy Sensitive Data CDs/DVDs?

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  You have a pile of DVDs with sensitive information on them and you need to safely and effectively dispose of them so no data recovery is possible. What’s the most safe and efficient way to get the job done? Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-driven grouping of Q&A web sites. The Question SuperUser reader HaLaBi wants to know how he can safely destroy CDs and DVDs with personal data on them: I have old CDs/DVDs which have some backups, these backups have some work and personal files. I always had problems when I needed to physically destroy them to make sure no one will reuse them. Breaking them is dangerous, pieces could fly fast and may cause harm. Scratching them badly is what I always do but it takes long time and I managed to read some of the data in the scratched CDs/DVDs. What’s the way to physically destroy a CD/DVD safely? How should he approach the problem? The Answer SuperUser contributor Journeyman Geek offers a practical solution coupled with a slightly mad-scientist solution: The proper way is to get yourself a shredder that also handles cds – look online for cd shredders. This is the right option if you end up doing this routinely. I don’t do this very often – For small scale destruction I favour a pair of tin snips – they have enough force to cut through a cd, yet are blunt enough to cause small cracks along the sheer line. Kitchen shears with one serrated side work well too. You want to damage the data layer along with shearing along the plastic, and these work magnificently. Do it in a bag, cause this generates sparkly bits. There’s also the fun, and probably dangerous way – find yourself an old microwave, and microwave them. I would suggest doing this in a well ventilated area of course, and not using your mother’s good microwave. There’s a lot of videos of this on YouTube – such as this (who’s done this in a kitchen… and using his mom’s microwave). This results in a very much destroyed cd in every respect. If I was an evil hacker mastermind, this is what I’d do. The other options are better for the rest of us. Another contributor, Keltari, notes that the only safe (and DoD approved) way to dispose of data is total destruction: The answer by Journeyman Geek is good enough for almost everything. But oddly, that common phrase “Good enough for government work” does not apply – depending on which part of the government. It is technically possible to recover data from shredded/broken/etc CDs and DVDs. If you have a microscope handy, put the disc in it and you can see the pits. The disc can be reassembled and the data can be reconstructed — minus the data that was physically destroyed. So why not just pulverize the disc into dust? Or burn it to a crisp? While technically, that would completely eliminate the data, it leaves no record of the disc having existed. And in some places, like DoD and other secure facilities, the data needs to be destroyed, but the disc needs to exist. If there is a security audit, the disc can be pulled to show it has been destroyed. So how can a disc exist, yet be destroyed? Well, the most common method is grinding the disc down to destroy the data, yet keep the label surface of the disc intact. Basically, it’s no different than using sandpaper on the writable side, till the data is gone. Have something to add to the explanation? Sound off in the the comments. Want to read more answers from other tech-savvy Stack Exchange users? Check out the full discussion thread here.     

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• Why Is Hibernation Still Used?

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  With the increased prevalence of fast solid-state hard drives, why do we still have system hibernation? Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-driven grouping of Q&A web sites. The Question SuperUser reader Moses wants to know why he should use hibernate on a desktop machine: I’ve never quite understood the original purpose of the Hibernation power state in Windows. I understand how it works, what processes take place, and what happens when you boot back up from Hibernate, but I’ve never truly understood why it’s used. With today’s technology, most notably with SSDs, RAM and CPUs becoming faster and faster, a cold boot on a clean/efficient Windows installation can be pretty fast (for some people, mere seconds from pushing the power button). Standby is even faster, sometimes instantaneous. Even SATA drives from 5-6 years ago can accomplish these fast boot times. Hibernation seems pointless to me [on desktop computers] when modern technology is considered, but perhaps there are applications that I’m not considering. What was the original purpose behind hibernation, and why do people still use it? Quite a few people use hibernate, so what is Moses missing in the big picture? The Answer SuperUser contributor Vignesh4304 writes: Normally hibernate mode saves your computer’s memory, this includes for example open documents and running applications, to your hard disk and shuts down the computer, it uses zero power. Once the computer is powered back on, it will resume everything where you left off. You can use this mode if you won’t be using the laptop/desktop for an extended period of time, and you don’t want to close your documents. Simple Usage And Purpose: Save electric power and resuming of documents. In simple terms this comment serves nice e.g (i.e. you will sleep but your memories are still present). Why it’s used: Let me describe one sample scenario. Imagine your battery is low on power in your laptop, and you are working on important projects on your machine. You can switch to hibernate mode – it will result your documents being saved, and when you power on, the actual state of application gets restored. Its main usage is like an emergency shutdown with an auto-resume of your documents. MagicAndre1981 highlights the reason we use hibernate everyday: Because it saves the status of all running programs. I leave all my programs open and can resume working the next day very easily. Doing a real boot would require to start all programs again, load all the same files into those programs, get to the same place that I was at before, and put all my windows in exactly the same place. Hibernating saves a lot of work pulling these things back up again. It’s not unusual to find computers around the office here that have been hibernated day in and day out for months without an actual full system shutdown and restart. It’s enormously convenient to freeze your work space at the exact moment you stopped working and to turn right around and resume there the next morning. Have something to add to the explanation? Sound off in the the comments. Want to read more answers from other tech-savvy Stack Exchange users? Check out the full discussion thread here.     

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• Why is wireless slow with Atheros AR9285?

  - by Luke

  I know there are many posts like this, however none of the fixes I have found have worked. I had the issue on 11.04, and after having no luck fixing it decided to try 12.04 however this has not fixed the problem. I'm using a Lenovo IdeaPad, the network card is a Atheros Communications AR9285. edit add outputs: sudo iwconfig lo no wireless extensions. wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:"NETGEAR-PLOW" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.437 GHz Access Point: E0:91:F5:7D:1B:BA Bit Rate=65 Mb/s Tx-Power=15 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:on Link Quality=66/70 Signal level=-44 dBm Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:77 Invalid misc:63 Missed beacon:0 eth0 no wireless extensions. lspci -nnk | grep -iA2 net 06:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Atheros Communications Inc. AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) [168c:002b] (rev 01) Subsystem: Lenovo Device [17aa:30a1] Kernel driver in use: ath9k -- 07:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller [10ec:8136] (rev 02) Subsystem: Lenovo Device [17aa:392e] Kernel driver in use: r8169 Thanks

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