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• Blocking syscalls with no other load in system (linux kernel)

  - by osgx

  Hello If there is only 1 running application in the system (and default 100 sleeping process), and it do a blocking syscall (I'm interested in blocking recv or blocking read). Will linux kernel delete this application from task_t *current pointer?

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• linux kernel idle tick eater (or what will be current task_struct when CPU is 0%)

  - by osgx

  Hello What process will be pointed by "current" pointer in linux kernel, when CPU load is 0% and there is no any ready-to-run process? Consider situation without any power-saving. What is the name of this porcess? I think task with pid 0 will be running and code will be rep nop or HLT

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• Differentiate procedural language(c) from oop languages(c++)

  - by niko

  I have been trying to differentiate c and c++(or oop languages) but I don't understand where the difference is. Note I have never used c++ but I asked my friends and some of them to differentiate c and c++ They say c++ has oop concepts and also the public, private modes for definition of variables and which c does not have though. Seriously I have done vb.net programming for a while 2 to 3 months, I never faced a situation to use class concepts and modes of definition like public and private. So I thought what could be the use for these? My friend explained me a program saying that if a variable is public, it can be accessed anywhere I said why not declare it as a global variable like in c? He did not get back to my question and he said if a variable is private it cannot be accessed by some other functions I said why not define it as a local variable, even these he was unable to answer. No matter where I read private variables cannot be accessed whereas public variables can be then why not make public as global and private as local whats the difference? whats the real use of public and private ? please don't say it can be used by everyone, I suppose why not we use some conditions and make the calls? I have heard people saying security reasons, a friend said if a function need to be accessed it should be inherited first. He explained saying that only admin should be able to have some rights and not all so that functions are made private and inherited only by the admin to use Then I said why not we use if condition if ( login == "admin") invoke the function he still did not answer these question. Please clear me with these things, I have done vb.net and vba and little c++ without using oop concepts because I never found their real use while I was writing the code, I'm a little afraid am I too back in oop concepts?

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• Functional Languages that compile to Android's Dalvik VM?

  - by Berin Loritsch

  I have a software problem that fits the functional approach to programming, but the target market will be on the Android OS. I ask because there are functional languages that compile to Java's VM, but Dalvik bytecode != Java bytecode. Alternatively, do you know if the dx utility can intelligently convert the .class files generated from functional languages like Scala? Edit: In order to add a bit more helpfulness to the community, and also to help me choose better, can I refine the question a bit? Have you used any alternate languages with Dalvik? Which ones? What are some "gotchas" (problems) that I might run into? Is performance acceptable? By that, I mean the application still feels responsive to the user. I've never done mobile phone development, but I grew up on constrained devices and I'm under no illusion that there is a cost to using non-standard languages with the platform. I just need to know if the cost is such that I should shoe-horn my approach into default language (i.e. apply functional principles in the OOP language).

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• How often is your "Go-To" language the same as your favorite??

  - by K-RAN

  I know that there's already a question asking for your favorite programming language here. I'm curious though, what's your go-to language? The two can be very different. For example, I love Haskell. I learned it this past semester and I fell in love with it's very concise solutions and awesome syntax (I love theoretical math so something like fib = 1 : 1 : [ f | f <- zipWith (+) fibSeq (tail fibSeq)] makes my inner mathematician and computer scientist jump with joy!). However, the majority of my projects for classes and jobs have been in C/C++ & Java. As a result, most of the time when I'm testing something like an algorithm or Data Structure I go straight to C++. What about you guys? What languages do you love and why? What about your go-to language? What language do you use most often to get things done for work or personal projects and why? How often does a language fall into both categories??

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• Is an event loop just a for/while loop with optimized polling?

  - by Alan

  I'm trying to understand what an event loop is. Often the explanation is that in the event loop, you do something until you're notified that an event occurred. You than handle the event and continue doing what you did before. To map the above definition with an example. I have a server which 'listens' in a event loop, and when a socket connection is detected, the data from it gets read and displayed, after which the server goes to the listening it did before. However, this event happening and us getting notified 'just like that' are to much for me to handle. You can say: "It's not 'just like that' you have to register an event listener". But what's an event listener but a function which for some reason isn't returning. Is it in it's own loop, waiting to be notified when an event happens? Should the event listener also register an event listener? Where does it end? Events are a nice abstraction to work with, however just an abstraction. I believe that in the end, polling is unavoidable. Perhaps we are not doing it in our code, but the lower levels (the programming language implementation or the OS) are doing it for us. It basically comes down to the following pseudo code which is running somewhere low enough so it doesn't result in busy waiting: while(True): do stuff check if event has happened (poll) do other stuff This is my understanding of the whole idea, and i would like to hear if this is correct. I am open in accepting that the whole idea is fundamentally wrong, in which case I would like the correct explanation. Best regards

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• How do I make kdump use a permissible range of memory for the crash kernel?

  - by Philip Durbin

  I've read the Red Hat Knowledgebase article "How do I configure kexec/kdump on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5?" at http://kbase.redhat.com/faq/docs/DOC-6039 and http://prefetch.net/blog/index.php/2009/07/06/using-kdump-to-get-core-files-on-fedora-and-centos-hosts/ The crashkernel=128M@16M kernel parameter works fine for me in a RHEL 6.0 beta VM, but not on the RHEL 5.5 hosts I've tried. dmesg shows me: Memory for crash kernel (0x0 to 0x0) notwithin permissible range disabling kdump Here's the line from grub.conf: kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-194.3.1.el5 ro root=/dev/md2 console=ttyS0,115200 panic=15 rhgb quiet crashkernel=128M@16M How do I make kdump use a permissible range of memory for the crash kernel?

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• How to know when the kernel was last compiled?

  - by Mehmet Tuncal

  I have installed a linux distro and I "think" it is vulnerable to kernel exploits. I have to update kernel but I need to know if it is really compiled in year 2003? How can I know if additional updates are made to the kernel? Linux gandalf 2.4.21-4.ELsmp #1 SMP Fri Oct 3 17:52:56 EDT 2003 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux Does also "smp" mean that it is safe from latest threats or something? Thank you.

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• How to improve Algorithmic Programming Solving skill? [closed]

  - by gaurav

  Possible Duplicate: How can I improve my problem-solving ability? How do you improve your problem solving skills? Should I learn design patterns or algorithms to improve my logical thinking skills? What to do when you're faced with a problem that you can't solve quickly? Are there non-programming related activities akin to solving programming problems? I am a computer engineering graduate. I have studied programming since three years. I am good in coding and programming. I have been trying to compete in algorithmic competitions on sites such as topcoder,spoj since one and a half year, but I am still unable to solve problems other than too easy problems. I have learned from people that it takes practice to solve such problems. I try to solve those problems but sometimes I am unable to understand and even if I do understand I am unable to think of a good algorithm for solving it. Even if I solve I get Wrong answer and I am unable to figure out what is the problem with my code as it works on samples given on the sites but fails on test cases which they do not provide. I really want to solve those problems and become good in algorithms. I have read books for learning algorithms like Introduction to algorithms by CLRS,practicing programming questions. I have gone through some questions but they don't answer this question. I have seen the questions which are said duplicates but those questions focus on overall programming, but I am asking for algorithm related programming, basically for competing in programming which involve solving a problem statement then online judge will automatically evaluate it, such type of programming is quite different from the type of programming these questions discuss.

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• Radeon Mobility HD 5470 Not Working on Ubuntu 10.10

  - by Promather

  I recently bought a new HP DV6-3118SA laptop, but I am having a very discouraging problem with the graphics card. The graphics card is Radeon Mobility HD 5470. It doesn't install by default, but I do get some message suggesting to install the driver. If I install that driver, the next time I reboot, the screen goes blank and that's it! The same happens if I install the proprietary driver (fglrx) from ATI website. Could you please help me with this? EDIT: Following @Ronald and @Oli advice, I am dumping the output of lspci -k: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: agpgart-intel Kernel modules: intel-agp 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor PCI Express x16 Root Port (rev 02) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: i915 Kernel modules: i915 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset HECI Controller (rev 06) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 00:1a.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset High Definition Audio (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: HDA Intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev 05) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev 05) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge (rev a5) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile 5 Series Chipset LPC Interface Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel modules: iTCO_wdt 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset 4 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: ahci Kernel modules: ahci 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset SMBus Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel modules: i2c-i801 00:1f.6 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset Thermal Subsystem (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: intel ips Kernel modules: intel_ips 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: ATI Technologies Inc Manhattan [Mobility Radeon HD 5000 Series] Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: radeon Kernel modules: radeon 01:00.1 Audio device: ATI Technologies Inc Manhattan HDMI Audio [Mobility Radeon HD 5000 Series] Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: HDA Intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 02:00.0 Network controller: RaLink RT3090 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 1453 Kernel driver in use: rt2800pci Kernel modules: rt2860sta, rt2800pci 03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 03) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: r8169 Kernel modules: r8169 7f:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QuickPath Architecture Generic Non-core Registers (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:00.1 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QuickPath Architecture System Address Decoder (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:02.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QPI Link 0 (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:02.1 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QPI Physical 0 (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:02.2 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor Reserved (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:02.3 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor Reserved (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a

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• Radeon Mobility HD 5470 Not Working

  - by Promather

  I recently bought a new HP DV6-3118SA laptop, but I am having a very discouraging problem with the graphics card. The graphics card is Radeon Mobility HD 5470. It doesn't install by default, but I do get some message suggesting to install the driver. If I install that driver, the next time I reboot, the screen goes blank and that's it! The same happens if I install the proprietary driver (fglrx) from ATI website. Could you please help me with this? EDIT: Following @Ronald and @Oli advice, I am dumping the output of lspci -k: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: agpgart-intel Kernel modules: intel-agp 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor PCI Express x16 Root Port (rev 02) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: i915 Kernel modules: i915 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset HECI Controller (rev 06) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 00:1a.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset High Definition Audio (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: HDA Intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev 05) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev 05) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge (rev a5) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile 5 Series Chipset LPC Interface Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel modules: iTCO_wdt 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset 4 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: ahci Kernel modules: ahci 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset SMBus Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel modules: i2c-i801 00:1f.6 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset Thermal Subsystem (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: intel ips Kernel modules: intel_ips 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: ATI Technologies Inc Manhattan [Mobility Radeon HD 5000 Series] Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: radeon Kernel modules: radeon 01:00.1 Audio device: ATI Technologies Inc Manhattan HDMI Audio [Mobility Radeon HD 5000 Series] Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: HDA Intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 02:00.0 Network controller: RaLink RT3090 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 1453 Kernel driver in use: rt2800pci Kernel modules: rt2860sta, rt2800pci 03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 03) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: r8169 Kernel modules: r8169 7f:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QuickPath Architecture Generic Non-core Registers (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:00.1 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QuickPath Architecture System Address Decoder (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:02.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QPI Link 0 (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:02.1 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QPI Physical 0 (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:02.2 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor Reserved (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:02.3 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor Reserved (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a

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• Precising definition of programming paradigm

  - by Kazark

  Wikipedia defines programming paradigm thus: a fundamental style of computer programming which is echoed in the descriptive text of the paradigms tag on this site. I find this a disappointing definition. Anyone who knows the words programming and paradigm could do about that well without knowing anything else about it. There are many styles of computer programming at many level of abstraction; within any given programming paradigm, multiple styles are possible. For example, Bob Martin says in Clean Code (13), Consider this book a description of the Object Mentor School of Clean Code. The techniques and teachings within are the way that we practice our art. We are willing to claim that if you follow these teachings, you will enjoy the benefits that we have enjoyed, and you will learn to write code that is clean and professional. But don't make the mistake of thinking that we are somehow "right" in any absolute sense. Thus Bob Martin is not claiming to have the correct style of Object-Oriented programming, even though he, if anyone, might have some claim to doing so. But even within his school of programming, we might have different styles of formatting the code (K&R, etc). There are many styles of programming at many levels. Sp how can we define programming paradigm rigorously, to distinguish it from other categories of programming styles? Fundamental is somewhat helpful, but not specific. How can we define the phrase in a way that will communicate more than the separate meanings of each of the two words—in other words, how can we define it in a way that will provide additional meaning for someone who speaks English but isn't familiar with a variety of paradigms?

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• What is the precise definition of programming paradigm?

  - by Kazark

  Wikipedia defines programming paradigm thus: a fundamental style of computer programming which is echoed in the descriptive text of the paradigms tag on this site. I find this a disappointing definition. Anyone who knows the words programming and paradigm could do about that well without knowing anything else about it. There are many styles of computer programming at many level of abstraction; within any given programming paradigm, multiple styles are possible. For example, Bob Martin says in Clean Code (13), Consider this book a description of the Object Mentor School of Clean Code. The techniques and teachings within are the way that we practice our art. We are willing to claim that if you follow these teachings, you will enjoy the benefits that we have enjoyed, and you will learn to write code that is clean and professional. But don't make the mistake of thinking that we are somehow "right" in any absolute sense. Thus Bob Martin is not claiming to have the correct style of Object-Oriented programming, even though he, if anyone, might have some claim to doing so. But even within his school of programming, we might have different styles of formatting the code (K&R, etc). There are many styles of programming at many levels. So how can we define programming paradigm rigorously, to distinguish it from other categories of programming styles? Fundamental is somewhat helpful, but not specific. How can we define the phrase in a way that will communicate more than the separate meanings of each of the two words—in other words, how can we define it in a way that will provide additional meaning for someone who speaks English but isn't familiar with a variety of paradigms?

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• How can I upgrade to Lubuntu 14.04.1 withot a PAE kernel?

  - by Richard

  On my Dell Latitude D800 laptop, which has an old Pentium M without PAE support, I was able to successfully install Lubuntu 14.04 from the CD. When I try to upgrade, I get the error: PAE not enabled Your system uses a CPU that does not have PAE enabled. Ubuntu only supports non-PAE systems up to Ubuntu 12.04. To upgrade to a later version of Ubuntu, you must enable PAE (if this is possible) see: http://help.ubuntu.com/community/EnablingPAE I have seen the Communit Wiki page for PAE. The suggestion is to add forcepae to the command line options. When I do this, I get the same message. Moreover, dmesg does not indicate PAE was ever enabled. Is there anything else I can ry to get Lubuntu to upgrade correctly?

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• Why is bzip2 needed in the kernel patch instructions?

  - by user12657

  This was from here. Extract the patch tar -xvzf /usr/src/web100-2.5.22-200810130047.tar.gz bzip2 web100/ web100-2.6.27-2.5.22-200810130047.patch Test the patch bzip2 -dc /usr/src/linux/web100/ web100-2.6.27-2.5.22-200810130047.patch.bz2 | patch -p1 --dry-run I looked at the .patch, the diff output of many files and the file .patch.bz2 after the bzip2 command which is too also the diff output of many files, they seem to be the same. My question is why is bzip2 even needed to turn the .patch into a .patch.bz2? Is it for the redirection to std output from the -dc option for the patch command? Even if it is, why not just not just use the patch command in the form something like this:patch -p1 < patchfile? I don't see why the bzip2 is done here. Also, I think the bzip2 might have an extra space in the command after web100/, right?

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• How to modify grub entry for supporting KGDB kernel image?

  - by Nishant

  I am trying to update target m/c grub.cfg file for KGDB setup but while booting the m/c it got hung completely and not asking/waiting for remote gdb connection. Following is the entry which I added:- menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.32-24-kgdb' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 12878c3b-c553-4b4b-986a-6e32daea3ad1 linux /vmlinuz-2.6.32-kgdb root=/dev/mapper/ubuntu-root ro kgdbwait [email protected]/,@192.168.140.158/ quiet initrd /initrd.img-2.6.32-24-server } I have also compiled and copied /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.15.5-kgdb & /boot/System.map-2.6.15.5-kgdb to target m/c from devlopement m/c. STD entry before adding KGDB in grub.cfg was:- menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.32-24-server' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 12878c3b-c553-4b4b-986a-6e32daea3ad1 linux /vmlinuz-2.6.32-24-server root=/dev/mapper/ubuntu-root ro quiet initrd /initrd.img-2.6.32-24-server } Please suggest how to get rid of this problem.

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• Ubuntu not booting after install from USB (kernel panic?)

  - by user287782

  After booting fine frome a live USB I installed it and everything was going swimmingly but when I try to boot from the hard drive it just stops and I have to do a hard reboot. I tried booting into grub as recommended in other questions but it wouldn't work. Here is a photo of the boot once stuck: Same for recovery boot: I've got an Asus K43SJ laptop with an intel i5, 4Gb of RAM, an nVidia GeForce GT 520M and a 750Gb hard drive.

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• Programming cookbook? [closed]

  - by user73669

  Possible Duplicate: What is the single most influential book every programmer should read? Hello With sites like The Daily WTF and recurring threads on Slashdot and elsewhere about bad programming, I figured that, to avoid people reinventing the wheel (badly or not), there should be a good, fat book on programming that would go through typical programming problems and show good, known algorithms, either in pseudo-code or some language with an easy syntax so that the language is not an issue. Here's the list of books on the subject I saw at my local computer bookstore. Can you recommend a couple, or add to this list if it's missing better options? The art of computer programming Code complete Masterminds of programming 97 things every programmer should know The passionate programmer Pragmatic thinking & learning Coders at work The algorithm design manual Algorithms and programming How to think about algorithms How to think like a programmer Why programs fail Beautiful data Beautiful code The productive programmer Solid code Write great code Clean code Programming language pragmatics Hello world Learning Processing Learn to program Thank you.

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• Why is there an extra HDD under /dev being added in my Linux Kernel?

  - by user1279156

  I have created a Linux kernel and for some reason an extra drive is always added at bootup. My hard drive is listed as /dev/sdb. /dev/sda is created too, and it is 8 MB in size. I can't find anything in the kernel config that is creating this, but if I use a different kernel it is not there. Kernel logs show it as an attached SCSI device, looks just like my hard drive but only 8 MB, and has no partition table. It also doesn't appear to be a physical device. I've tried the kernel on many different models of PCs and it is always there. Does anyone know how to remove it? /dev/disk/by-id gives me: scsi-1AMCC_U21413034D98EB000584 scsi-1AMCC_U21413034D98EB000584-part1 scsi-353333330000007d0 scsi-SATA_ST3250312AS_5VY7SH42 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD800JD-60L_WD-WMAM9Y085675 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD800JD-60L_WD-WMAM9Y085675-part1 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD800JD-60L_WD-WMAM9Y085675-part2 hdparm -i /dev/sda gives me an "invalid argument". dd if=/dev/sda of=sda.img the resulting file does not have any content sdparm results: /dev/sda: Linux scsi_debug 0004 Device identification VPD page: Addressed logical unit: designator type: T10 vendor identification, code set: ASCII vendor id: Linux vendor specific: scsi_debug 2000 designator type: NAA, code set: Binary 0x53333330000007d0 Target port: designator type: Relative target port, code set: Binary transport: Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) Relative target port: 0x1 designator type: NAA, code set: Binary transport: Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) 0x52222220000007ce designator type: Target port group, code set: Binary transport: Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) Target port group: 0x100 Target device that contains addressed lu: designator type: NAA, code set: Binary transport: Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) 0x52222220000007cd designator type: SCSI name string, code set: UTF-8 transport: Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) SCSI name string: naa.52222220000007CD

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• How do I tell which kernel module is servicing a /dev device?

  - by regulatre

  How do I find out which kernel module (as seen by typing lsmod) is servicing a particular device in /dev ? In other words, say I have a device, /dev/mouse0 and I want to find out which kernel module is installed to service that device. How do I do that? Another way to look at this is, some loaded kernel modules associate themselves with a device in /dev. How does one find out which device(s) a module is "attached" to?

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• How does a linked library combined with the main executable program file interact with a kernel?

  - by I ask Questions For a Reason

  I was attempting to find an answer to this, and I did to some degree, but definitely not anywhere good enough to form a respectable, sensible and clear answer. If I am using Windows, Mac, Linux, or nearly any modern made OS for desktop IBM-compatible PCs, laptops, even tablets and smartphones, there's virtual memory. Clearly, compiling, at least on Windows I know this, an executable object file, such as a simple C "Hello World" output to a terminal, will be linked with the standard library, and several other Window's system software, dynamic linked libraries, and the like. However, how does linking all of these executables together or resources form a connectable interaction with, say, a device driver or any other stuff on the lower level?

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• Why not port Linux kernel to Common Lisp?

  - by rplevy

  Conventional wisdom states that OS kernels must be written in C in order to achieve the necessary levels of performance. This has been the justification for not using more expressive high level languages. However, for a few years now implementations of Common Lisp such as SBCL have proven to be just as performant as C. What then are the arguments against redoing the kernel in a powerfully expressive language, namely Common Lisp? I don't think anyone (at least anyone who knows what they are talking about) could argue against the fact that the benefits in transparency and readability would be tremendous, not to mention all the things that can't be done in C that can be done in Lisp, but there may be implementation details that would make this a bad idea.

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• win32 API vs Linux Kernel API

  - by Nik

  Is there anything that can be done using Win32 API that cannot be done using Linux kernel API. I'm asking this, because back in Lab where I work we use Ixia and Agilent Technologies H/W. and these H/W (Signal processes or Packet generator) worth 10s of thousand of Dollars run windows as their OS. Why didn't they choose Linux. I've seen Linux in routers and firewall but not in real Heavy duty H/W like Ixia. This preference of windows over Linux made me think is there any limitation in Linux API or its just licensing thing.

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• Use of double pointer in linux kernel Hash list implementation

  - by bala1486

  Hi, I am trying to understand Linux Kernel implementation of linked list and hash table. A link to the implementation is here. I understood the linked list implementation. But i am little confused of why double pointers is being used in hlist (**pprev). Link for hlist is here. I understand that hlist is used in implementation of hash table since head of the list requires only one pointer and it saves space. Why cant it be done using single pointer (just *prev like the linked list)? Please help me.

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• ISO C90 forbids mixed declarations and code Warning [Kernel Module Makefile]

  - by djTeller

  Hi, I'm trying to compile a linux kernel module using a Makefile which looks like so: obj-m += main.o all: make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules clean: make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean and i'm getting the following warning: main.c:54: warning: ISO C90 forbids mixed declarations and code I need to switch to C99. After reading i noticed i need to add a flag -std=c99, not sure where it suppose to be added. How do I change the Makefile so it will compile through C99 ? Thanks!

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