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• Client-server synchronization pattern / algorithm?

  - by tm_lv

  I have a feeling that there must be client-server synchronization patterns out there. But i totally failed to google up one. Situation is quite simple - server is the central node, that multiple clients connect to and manipulate same data. Data can be split in atoms, in case of conflict, whatever is on server, has priority (to avoid getting user into conflict solving). Partial synchronization is preferred due to potentially large amounts of data. Are there any patterns / good practices for such situation, or if you don't know of any - what would be your approach? Below is how i now think to solve it: Parallel to data, a modification journal will be held, having all transactions timestamped. When client connects, it receives all changes since last check, in consolidated form (server goes through lists and removes additions that are followed by deletions, merges updates for each atom, etc.). Et voila, we are up to date. Alternative would be keeping modification date for each record, and instead of performing data deletes, just mark them as deleted. Any thoughts?

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• Splitting a set of object into several subsets of 'similar' objects

  - by doublep

  Suppose I have a set of objects, S. There is an algorithm f that, given a set S builds certain data structure D on it: f(S) = D. If S is large and/or contains vastly different objects, D becomes large, to the point of being unusable (i.e. not fitting in allotted memory). To overcome this, I split S into several non-intersecting subsets: S = S1 + S2 + ... + Sn and build Di for each subset. Using n structures is less efficient than using one, but at least this way I can fit into memory constraints. Since size of f(S) grows faster than S itself, combined size of Di is much less than size of D. However, it is still desirable to reduce n, i.e. the number of subsets; or reduce the combined size of Di. For this, I need to split S in such a way that each Si contains "similar" objects, because then f will produce a smaller output structure if input objects are "similar enough" to each other. The problems is that while "similarity" of objects in S and size of f(S) do correlate, there is no way to compute the latter other than just evaluating f(S), and f is not quite fast. Algorithm I have currently is to iteratively add each next object from S into one of Si, so that this results in the least possible (at this stage) increase in combined Di size: for x in S: i = such i that size(f(Si + {x})) - size(f(Si)) is min Si = Si + {x} This gives practically useful results, but certainly pretty far from optimum (i.e. the minimal possible combined size). Also, this is slow. To speed up somewhat, I compute size(f(Si + {x})) - size(f(Si)) only for those i where x is "similar enough" to objects already in Si. Is there any standard approach to such kinds of problems? I know of branch and bounds algorithm family, but it cannot be applied here because it would be prohibitively slow. My guess is that it is simply not possible to compute optimal distribution of S into Si in reasonable time. But is there some common iteratively improving algorithm?

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• Optimizing a bin-placement algorithm

  - by user258651

  Alright, I've got two collections, and I need to place elements from collection1 into the bins (elements) of collection2, based on whether their value falls within a given bin's range. For a concrete example, assume I have a sorted collection objects (bins) which have an int range ([1...4], [5..10], etc). I need to determine the range an int falls in, and place it in the appropriate bin. foreach(element n in collection1) { foreach(bin m in collection2) { if (m.inRange(n)) { m.add(n); break; } } } So the obvious NxM complexity algorithm is there, but I really would like to see Nxlog(M). To do this I'd like to use BinarySearch in place of the inner foreach loop. To use BinarySearch, I need to implement an IComparer class to do the searching for me. The problem I'm running into is this approach would require me to make an IComparer.Compare function that compares two different types of objects (an element to its bin), and that doesn't seem possible or correct. So I'm asking, how should I write this algorithm?

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• Idiomatic PHP web page creation

  - by GreenMatt

  My PHP experience is rather limited. I've just inherited some stuff that looks odd to me, and I'd like to know if this is a standard way to do things. The page which shows up in the browser location (e.g. www.example.com/example_page) has something like: <? $title = "Page Title"; $meta = "Some metadata"; require("pageheader.inc"); ?> <!-- Content --> Then pageheader.inc has stuff like: <? @$title = ($title) ? $title : ""; @$meta = ($meta) ? $meta : ""; ?> <html> <head> <title><?=$title?></title </head> <!-- and so forth --> Maybe others find this style useful, but it confuses me. I suppose this could be a step toward a rudimentary content management system, but the way it works here I'd think it adds to the processing the server has to do without reducing the load on the web developer enough to make it worth the effort. So, is this a normal way to create pages with PHP? Or should I pull all this in favor of a better approach? Also, I know that "<?" (vs. "<?php" ) is undesirable; I'm just reproducing what is in the code.

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• Self referencing update SQL statement for Informix

  - by CheeseConQueso

  Need some Informix SQL... Courses get a regular grade, but their associated labs get a grade of 'LAB'. I need to update the table so that the lab grade matches the course grade. Also, if there is no corresponding course for a lab, it means the course was canceled. In that case, I want to place a flag value of 'X' for its grade. Example data before update: id yr sess crs_no hrs grd 725 2009 FA COLL101 3.000000000000 C 725 2009 FA ENGL021 3.000000000000 FI 725 2009 FA ENGL021L 1.000000000000 LAB 725 2009 FA ENGL031 3.000000000000 FNI 725 2009 FA ENGL031L 1.000000000000 LAB 725 2009 FA MATH010 3.000000000000 FNI 725 2010 SP AOTE101 3.000000000000 C 725 2010 SP ENGL021L 1.000000000000 LAB 725 2010 SP ENGL031 3.000000000000 FI 725 2010 SP ENGL031L 1.000000000000 LAB 725 2010 SP MATH010 3.000000000000 FNI 726 2010 SP SPAN101 3.000000000000 FN Example data after update: id yr sess crs_no hrs grd 725 2009 FA COLL101 3.000000000000 C 725 2009 FA ENGL021 3.000000000000 FI 725 2009 FA ENGL021L 1.000000000000 FI 725 2009 FA ENGL031 3.000000000000 FNI 725 2009 FA ENGL031L 1.000000000000 FNI 725 2009 FA MATH010 3.000000000000 FNI 725 2010 SP AOTE101 3.000000000000 C 725 2010 SP ENGL021L 1.000000000000 X 725 2010 SP ENGL031 3.000000000000 FI 725 2010 SP ENGL031L 1.000000000000 FI 725 2010 SP MATH010 3.000000000000 FNI 726 2010 SP SPAN101 3.000000000000 FN I worked out a solution for this, but it required a lot of on-the-fly composite foreign keys built from concatenating the id, yr, sess, and substring'd crs_no. My solution is not only overkill, but it has gaps in it and it takes too long to process. I know there is an easier way to do this, but I've gone so far down one road that I am having trouble thinking of a different approach.

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• A good data model for finding a user's favorite stories

  - by wings

  Original Design Here's how I originally had my Models set up: class UserData(db.Model): user = db.UserProperty() favorites = db.ListProperty(db.Key) # list of story keys # ... class Story(db.Model): title = db.StringProperty() # ... On every page that displayed a story I would query UserData for the current user: user_data = UserData.all().filter('user =' users.get_current_user()).get() story_is_favorited = (story in user_data.favorites) New Design After watching this talk: Google I/O 2009 - Scalable, Complex Apps on App Engine, I wondered if I could set things up more efficiently. class FavoriteIndex(db.Model): favorited_by = db.StringListProperty() The Story Model is the same, but I got rid of the UserData Model. Each instance of the new FavoriteIndex Model has a Story instance as a parent. And each FavoriteIndex stores a list of user id's in it's favorited_by property. If I want to find all of the stories that have been favorited by a certain user: index_keys = FavoriteIndex.all(keys_only=True).filter('favorited_by =', users.get_current_user().user_id()) story_keys = [k.parent() for k in index_keys] stories = db.get(story_keys) This approach avoids the serialization/deserialization that's otherwise associated with the ListProperty. Efficiency vs Simplicity I'm not sure how efficient the new design is, especially after a user decides to favorite 300 stories, but here's why I like it: A favorited story is associated with a user, not with her user data On a page where I display a story, it's pretty easy to ask the story if it's been favorited (without calling up a separate entity filled with user data). fav_index = FavoriteIndex.all().ancestor(story).get() fav_of_current_user = users.get_current_user().user_id() in fav_index.favorited_by It's also easy to get a list of all the users who have favorited a story (using the method in #2) Is there an easier way? Please help. How is this kind of thing normally done?

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• jQuery: Stopping a periodic ajax call?

  - by Legend

  I am writing a small jQuery plugin to update a set of Divs with content obtained using Ajax calls. Initially, let's assume we have 4 divs. I am doing something like this: (function($) { .... .... //main function $.fn.jDIV = { init: function() { ... ... for(var i = 0; i < numDivs; i++) { this.query(i); } this.handlers(); }, query: function(divNum) { //Makes the relevant ajax call }, handlers: function() { for(var i = 0; i < numDivs; i++) { setInterval("$.fn.jDIV.query(" + i + ")", 5000); } } }; })(jQuery); I would like to be able to enable and disable a particular ajax query. I was thinking of adding a "start" and "stop" instead of the "handlers" function and subsequently storing the setInterval handler like this: start: function(divNum) { divs[divNum] = setInterval("$.fn.jDIV.query(" + i + ")", 5000); }, stop: function(divNum) { clearInterval(divs[divNum]); } I did not use jQuery to setup and destroy the event handlers. Is there a better approach (perhaps using more of jQuery) to achieve this?

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• Getting started with workflows in sharepoint 2010

  - by Thomas Stock

  Hi, I'm a beginning sharepoint developer asked to implement the following scenario in sharepoint 2010. We're a bit lost on the best approach to get started.. I'm really struggling to find the best practise solution. This is the flow: A user can make a request with a title and a description. A mail gets sent to the representative with a link to a form. A representative can approve or reject the request. If approved: A mail gets sent to Board with a link to form If rejected: A mail gets sent to the user with the message that it has been rejected. when the request was approved by the representative, the board can approve or reject the request. A mail gets sent to the user and the representative with the descision of the board. So the list has the following fields: Request title Request description Representative approval Representative description Board approval Board description The user should see the following form: Request title (editable) Request description (editable) The representative should see the following form: Request title (read-only) Request description (read-only) Representative approval (editable) Representative description (editable) The Board should see the following form: Request title (read-only) Request description (read-only) Representative approval (read-only) Representative description (read-only) Board approval (editable) Board description (editable) My questions: What tool is most appropriate for making the forms? Infopath? SPD? VS2010? How do I handle rights to make sure only the board can access the board edit form? What kind of workflow do I use? When do I start the workflow(s)? What do I use to develop the workflow(s)? How do I handle rights when showing the listview with all requests? How can I build the links in the mails sent to the different groups. Thanks in advance for any advice.

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• SQL n:m Inheritance join

  - by Nightmares

  I want to join a table which contains n:m relationship between groups. (Groups are defined in a separate table). This table only has entries listing a member_group_id and a parent_group_id. Given this structure: id(int) | member_group_id(int) | parent_group_id(int) The "base" query looks like this: select p1.group_id, p2.group_id, p1.member_group_id, p2.member_group_id from group_member_group as p1 join group_member_group as p2 on p2.member_group_id = p1.member_group_id The "base" query correctly shows all relationships (I checked by doing it manually.) The problem is when I try to apply a where clause to this query to filter for a specific group as "point of origin" (the first group for which I want all parent groups) it returns only the closest parents. For example like this: select p1.group_id, p2.group_id, p1.member_group_id, p2.member_group_id from group_member_group as p1 join group_member_group as p2 on p2.member_group_id = p1.member_group_id where p1.group_id = 1 Can anyone give a clue how I can fix this? Or a different approach to realize this. (I suppose I could always do this in my C++ source code on the server side but I would have to transfer a entire table which has a high growth potential to the application server.) UPDATE: select p1.group_id, p2.group_id, p1.member_group_id, p2.member_group_id from group_member_group as p1 join group_member_group as p2 on p2.group_id = p1.member_group_id Typing mistake confirmed. Now I don't get past first level of inheritance period. Thanks at denied for pointing that out.

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• For business people to manage, keep binary images in MySQL or just the urls?

  - by Michael Mao

  Hello everyone: I am working on a task to enable image uploading and auto-scaling(from full sized to thumbnail) by jQuery & PHP. I can naturally come up with two approaches : First, store both images as binary objects directly into MySQL; Second, store only urls to the images and keep the images somewhere on server. The images are for everyone to view, so there are no security restrictions, as far as I know. Personally I don't have any preference, however, at the end of the day, it is the business people that are going to manage the images as part of the system(CRUD). So I am wondering which seems to be a bit better for them? Of course I am building a easy-to-use, visualize web interface for the staff to control the process, but I am not sure if that is enough. Lessons told me that if I don't think for the future and seek the most flexible approach, the I will probably screw myself sooner or later. PS. The following link is what I've found so far, which is pretty cool, no flash involved :) Andrew Valum's ajax image upload jQuery plugin

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• Providing custom database functionality to custom asp.net membership provider

  - by IrfanRaza

  Hello friends, I am creating custom membership provider for my asp.net application. I have also created a separate class "DBConnect" that provides database functionality such as Executing SQL statement, Executing SPs, Executing SPs or Query and returning SqlDataReader and so on... I have created instance of DBConnect class within Session_Start of Global.asax and stored to a session. Later using a static class I am providing the database functionality throughout the application using the same single session. In short I am providing a single point for all database operations from any asp.net page. I know that i can write my own code to connect/disconnect database and execute SPs within from the methods i need to override. Please look at the code below - public class SGI_MembershipProvider : MembershipProvider { ...... public override bool ChangePassword(string username, string oldPassword, string newPassword) { if (!ValidateUser(username, oldPassword)) return false; ValidatePasswordEventArgs args = new ValidatePasswordEventArgs(username, newPassword, true); OnValidatingPassword(args); if (args.Cancel) { if (args.FailureInformation != null) { throw args.FailureInformation; } else { throw new Exception("Change password canceled due to new password validation failure."); } } ..... //Database connectivity and code execution to change password. } .... } MY PROBLEM - Now what i need is to execute the database part within all these overriden methods from the same database point as described on the top. That is i have to pass the instance of DBConnect existing in the session to this class, so that i can access the methods. Could anyone provide solution on this. There might be some better techniques i am not aware of that. The approach i am using might be wrong. Your suggessions are always welcome. Thanks for sharing your valuable time.

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• How to partition bits in a bit array with less than linear time

  - by SiLent SoNG

  This is an interview question I faced recently. Given an array of 1 and 0, find a way to partition the bits in place so that 0's are grouped together, and 1's are grouped together. It does not matter whether 1's are ahead of 0's or 0's are ahead of 1's. An example input is 101010101, and output is either 111110000 or 000011111. Solve the problem in less than linear time. Make the problem simpler. The input is an integer array, with each element either 1 or 0. Output is the same integer array with integers partitioned well. To me, this is an easy question if it can be solved in O(N). My approach is to use two pointers, starting from both ends of the array. Increases and decreases each pointer; if it does not point to the correct integer, swap the two. int * start = array; int * end = array + length - 1; while (start < end) { // Assume 0 always at the end if (*end == 0) { --end; continue; } // Assume 1 always at the beginning if (*start == 1) { ++start; continue; } swap(*start, *end); } However, the interview insists there is a sub-linear solution. This makes me thinking hard but still not get an answer. Can anyone help on this interview question?

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• How do I add code automatically to a derived function in C++

  - by Ian

  I have code that's meant to manage operations on both a networked client and a server, since there is significant overlap between the two. However, there are a few functions here and there that are meant to be exclusively called by the client or server, and accidentally calling a client function on the server (or vice versa) is a significant source of bugs. To reduce these sorts of programming errors, I'm trying to tag functions so that they'll raise a ruckus if they're misused. My current solution is a simple macro at the start of each function that calls an assert if the client or server accesses members they shouldn't. However, this runs into problems when there are multiple derived instances of classes, in that I have to tag the implementation as client or server side in EVERY child class. What I'd like to be able to do is put a tag in the virtual member's signature in the base class, so that I only have to tag it once and not run into errors by forgetting to do it repeatedly. I've considered putting a check in a base class implementation and then referring to it with something like base::functionName, but that runs into the same issue as far as needing to manually add the function call to every implementation. Ideally, I'd be able to have parent versions of the function called automatically like default constructors do. Does anybody know how to achieve something like this in C++? Is there an alternate approach I should be considering? Thanks!

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• [solved] IE6 PNG-transparency CSS hack not working

  - by John

  I looked around and decided to use a CSS approach rather than rely on JS... I figure the kind of corporate users stuck with IE6 might also have JS disabled by IT departments. So In my HTML I have: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" /> <title>My Page</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="default.css" /> <!--[if IE 6]><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="ie6.css"><![endif]--> </head> <body> <img src="media/logo.png"/> </body> Then my ie6.css consists simply of: img { filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.AlphaImageLoader(...); } However none of this makes the slightest difference, no transparency. I commented out all the rest of the page so it is literally that one and still no luck. I removed the default.css stylesheet and still no difference. EDIT: I now got it working, using the .htc method, loading that file in a conditional IE6 test block. It turned out the problem I was having was that Windows 7 had 'locked' the file (I don't even know what this means) and this blocked IE from loading/using it.

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• How might one cope with the ambiguous value produced by GetDllDirectory?

  - by Integer Poet

  GetDllDirectory produces an ambiguous value. When the string this call produces is empty, it means one of the following: nobody has called SetDllDirectory somebody passed NULL to SetDllDirectory somebody passed an empty string to SetDllDirectory The first two cases are equivalent for my purposes, but the third case is a problem. If I want to write save/restore code (call GetDllDirectory to save the "old" value, SetDllDirectory to set a "new" value temporarily, and later SetDllDirectory again to restore the "old" value), I run the risk of reversing some other programmer's intent. If the other programmer intended for the current working directory to be in the DLL search order (in other words, one of the first two bullets is true), and I pass an empty string to SetDllDirectory, I will be taking the current working directory out of the DLL search order, reversing the other programmer's intent. Can anyone suggest an approach to eliminate or work around this ambiguity? P.S. I know having the current working directory in the DLL search order could be interpreted as a security hole. Nevertheless, it is the default behavior, and my code is not in a position to undo that; my code needs to be compatible with the expectations of all potential callers, many of which are large and old and beyond my control.

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• How to return ArrayList results from an IntentService

  - by gcl1

  I have an IntentService that loads up an ArrayList with data from a network source (AWS SDB tables). The ArrayList is in a global space -- accessible to both the calling Activity and the IntentService (like this: appState = ((App)getApplicationContext())). When the IntentService is done, it notifies the Activity through a ResultReceiver, and the Activity calls adapter.notifyDataChanged() to update the ListView. This solution works most of the time, ... but it violates the rule that only the UI thread should make changes to data underlying a ListView. So as it is, I sometimes get an error: "The content of the adapter has changed but ListView did not receive a notification." I think this must be a common situation. Please let me know if you have any suggestions or best practices for this problem. Here are three options I'm aware of: Keep the IntentService, and have it store the results in another "working" ArrayList, also in the global space. When the result is ready, the IntentService calls the ResultReceiver (on the UI thread), which can then: a) copy the result to the ArrayList associated with the ListView, and b) call adapter.notifyDataChanged(). CONS: I don't like the idea of putting temp/working data in a global space, and copying the result list seems inefficient. Keep the IntentService, and have it pass the results back through a bundle loaded with a ParcelableArrayList. CONS: I'm not sure if this approach would scale for very large result sets. It also requires copying the result list. Switch to a Service which builds a local copy of the result list. Have the Activity directly access the address space of the Service in order to read the result list. CON: Still requires copying results to the ArrayList associated with the ListView. Thank you.

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• Convert a Dynamic[] construct to a numerical list

  - by Leo Alekseyev

  I have been trying to put together something that allows me to extract points from a ListPlot in order to use them in further computations. My current approach is to select points with a Locator[]. This works fine for displaying points, but I cannot figure out how to extract numerical values from a construct with head Dynamic[]. Below is a self-contained example. By dragging the gray locator, you should be able to select points (indicated by the pink locator and stored in q, a list of two elements). This is the second line below the plot. Now I would like to pass q[[2]] to a function, or perhaps simply display it. However, Mathematica treats q as a single entity with head Dynamic, and thus taking the second part is impossible (hence the error message). Can anyone shed light on how to convert q into a regular list? EuclideanDistanceMod[p1_List, p2_List, fac_: {1, 1}] /; Length[p1] == Length[p2] := Plus @@ (fac.MapThread[Abs[#1 - #2]^2 &, {p1, p2}]) // Sqrt; test1 = {{1.`, 6.340196001221532`}, {1.`, 13.78779876355869`}, {1.045`, 6.2634018978377295`}, {1.045`, 13.754947081416544`}, {1.09`, 6.178367702583522`}, {1.09`, 13.72055251752498`}, {1.135`, 1.8183153704413153`}, {1.135`, 6.082497198000075`}, {1.135`, 13.684582525399742`}, {1.18`, 1.6809452373465104`}, {1.18`, 5.971583107298081`}, {1.18`, 13.646996905469383`}, {1.225`, 1.9480537697339537`}, {1.225`, 5.838386922625636`}, {1.225`, 13.607746407088161`}, {1.27`, 2.1183174369679234`}, {1.27`, 5.669799095595362`}, {1.27`, 13.566771130126131`}, {1.315`, 2.2572975468163463`}, {1.315`, 5.444014254828522`}, {1.315`, 13.523998701347882`}, {1.36`, 2.380307009155079`}, {1.36`, 5.153024664297602`}, {1.36`, 13.479342200528283`}, {1.405`, 2.4941312539733285`}, {1.405`, 4.861423833512566`}, {1.405`, 13.432697814928654`}, {1.45`, 2.6028066447609426`}, {1.45`, 4.619367407525507`}, {1.45`, 13.383942212133244`}}; DynamicModule[{p = {1.2, 10}, q = {1.3, 11}}, q := Dynamic@ First@test1[[ Ordering[{#, EuclideanDistanceMod[p, #, {1, .1}]} & /@ test1, 1, #1[[2]] < #2[[2]] &]]]; Grid[{{Show[{ListPlot[test1, Frame -> True, ImageSize -> 300], Graphics@Locator[Dynamic[p]], Graphics@ Locator[q, Appearance -> {Small}, Background -> Pink]}]}, {Dynamic@p}, {q},{q[[2]]}}]]

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• Implementing Dispose on a class derived from Stream

  - by AnthonyWJones

  I'm building a class that derives from Stream to wrap a COM IStream. However I've come across an issue where I need to release the COM IStream deteministically. Ok so that's easy just use Marshal.ReleaseComObject in the Dispose method. However I'm not sure its that simple. The Stream base class already has an protected virtual method Dispose(boolean). Here is my first idea:- ~ComStreamWrapper() { if (!_Disposed) { iop.Marshal.FreeCoTaskMem(_Int64Ptr); iop.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(_IStream); } } protected override void Dispose(bool disposing) { base.Dispose(disposing); if (!_Disposed) { if (disposing) { iop.Marshal.FreeCoTaskMem(_Int64Ptr); iop.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(_IStream); } _Disposed = true; } } You'll notice there isn't an implementation of Dispose() itself. I'm currently making the asssumption that the existing implementation on Stream does what I need it to. That is calling Diposing(true) and GC.SuppressFinalize. Is this assumption faulty? Have I missed something? Is there a better approach? You see more of the basic class in this answer to an ealier question.

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• Building "isolated" and "automatically updated" caches (java.util.List) in Java.

  - by Aidos

  Hi Guys, I am trying to write a framework which contains a lot of short-lived caches created from a long-living cache. These short-lived caches need to be able to return their entier contents, which is a clone from the original long-living cache. Effectively what I am trying to build is a level of transaction isolation for the short-lived caches. The user should be able to modify the contents of the short-lived cache, but changes to the long-living cache should not be propogated through (there is also a case where the changes should be pushed through, depending on the Cache type). I will do my best to try and explain: master-cache contains: [A,B,C,D,E,F] temporary-cache created with state [A,B,C,D,E,F] 1) temporary-cache adds item G: [A,B,C,D,E,F] 2) temporary-cache removes item B: [A,C,D,E,F] master-cache contains: [A,B,C,D,E,F] 3) master-cache adds items [X,Y,Z]: [A,B,C,D,E,F,X,Y,Z] temporary-cache contains: [A,C,D,E,F] Things get even harder when the values in the items can change and shouldn't always be updated (so I can't even share the underlying object instances, I need to use clones). I have implemented the simple approach of just creating a new instance of the List using the standard Collection constructor on ArrayList, however when you get out to about 200,000 items the system just runs out of memory. I know the value of 200,000 is excessive to iterate, but I am trying to stress my code a bit. I had thought that it might be able to somehow "proxy" the list, so the temporary-cache uses the master-cache, and stores all of it's changes (effectively a Memento for the change), however that quickly becomes a nightmare when you want to iterate the temporary-cache, or retrieve an item at a specific index. Also given that I want some modifications to the contents of the list to come through (depending on the type of the temporary-cache, whether it is "auto-update" or not) and I get completly out of my depth. Any pointers to techniques or data-structures or just general concepts to try and research will be greatly appreciated. Cheers, Aidos

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• Reasonably faster way to traverse a directory tree in Python?

  - by Sridhar Ratnakumar

  Assuming that the given directory tree is of reasonable size: say an open source project like Twisted or Python, what is the fastest way to traverse and iterate over the absolute path of all files/directories inside that directory? I want to do this from within Python (subprocess is allowed). os.path.walk is slow. So I tried ls -lR and tree -fi. For a project with about 8337 files (including tmp, pyc, test, .svn files): $ time tree -fi > /dev/null real 0m0.170s user 0m0.044s sys 0m0.123s $ time ls -lR > /dev/null real 0m0.292s user 0m0.138s sys 0m0.152s $ time find . > /dev/null real 0m0.074s user 0m0.017s sys 0m0.056s $ tree appears to be faster than ls -lR (though ls -R is faster than tree, but it does not give full paths). find is the fastest. Can anyone think of a faster and/or better approach? On Windows, I may simply ship a 32-bit binary tree.exe or ls.exe if necessary. Update 1: Added find

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• Returning pointers in a thread-safe way.

  - by Roddy

  Assume I have a thread-safe collection of Things (call it a ThingList), and I want to add the following function. Thing * ThingList::findByName(string name) { return &item[name]; // or something similar.. } But by doing this, I've delegated the responsibility for thread safety to the calling code, which would have to do something like this: try { list.lock(); // NEEDED FOR THREAD SAFETY Thing *foo = list.findByName("wibble"); foo->Bar = 123; list.unlock(); } catch (...) { list.unlock(); throw; } Obviously a RAII lock/unlock object would simplify/remove the try/catch/unlocks, but it's still easy for the caller to forget. There are a few alternatives I've looked at: Return Thing by value, instead of a pointer - fine unless you need to modify the Thing Add function ThingList::setItemBar(string name, int value) - fine, but these tend to proliferate Return a pointerlike object which locks the list on creation and unlocks it again on destruction. Not sure if this is good/bad practice... What's the right approach to dealing with this?

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• Applying correct bindings to WPF datatemplate to maximize reusability

  - by johncatfish

  Hi. I have a WPF application. I want to apply that datatemplate to a Listbox filled with records from Table02. Then, for each listboxitem I need to bind the combobox to the same database table (Table01), but for each listboxitem the selected item will vary. It will be a foreign key to Table01. <DataTemplate x:Key="Table01DataTemplate"> <Grid> <ComboBox ItemsSource="{Binding Model.IQueryable_Table01, RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type Window}}}" SelectedValue="{Binding Table01_ForeignKey}" DisplayMemberPath="name" SelectedValuePath="id" /> <!-- Other stuff --> </Grid> </DataTemplate> <ListBox x:Name="lbTest" ItemTemplate="{StaticResource Table01DataTemplate}" /> <!-- In .cs file lbTest.DataContext = this; --> Notes: Model.IQueryable_Table01 is a property which encapsulates a Linq-to-sql call returning a IQueryable. lbTest will be filled by setting ItemsSource with a Linq-to-sql call. Is this a good way to do the bindings in a data template for a maximum reusability? I also thought of replacing AncestorType={x:Type Window} with lbTest.DataContext = this; AncestorType={x:Type Application} and lbTest.DataContext = App.Current; But it didn't work (Exception on loading) and I don't know if there's any caveats or down-sides to this approach. Is this good? Any suggestions or improvements? Thanks.

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• How to get the size of a binary tree ?

  - by Andrei Ciobanu

  I have a very simple binary tree structure, something like: struct nmbintree_s { unsigned int size; int (*cmp)(const void *e1, const void *e2); void (*destructor)(void *data); nmbintree_node *root; }; struct nmbintree_node_s { void *data; struct nmbintree_node_s *right; struct nmbintree_node_s *left; }; Sometimes i need to extract a 'tree' from another and i need to get the size to the 'extracted tree' in order to update the size of the initial 'tree' . I was thinking on two approaches: 1) Using a recursive function, something like: unsigned int nmbintree_size(struct nmbintree_node* node) { if (node==NULL) { return(0); } return( nmbintree_size(node->left) + nmbintree_size(node->right) + 1 ); } 2) A preorder / inorder / postorder traversal done in an iterative way (using stack / queue) + counting the nodes. What approach do you think is more 'memory failure proof' / performant ? Any other suggestions / tips ? NOTE: I am probably going to use this implementation in the future for small projects of mine. So I don't want to unexpectedly fail :).

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• How to "push" updates to individual cells in a (ASP.NET) web page table/grid?

  - by dommer

  I'm building something similar to a price comparison site. This will be developed in ASP.NET/WebForms/C#/.NET 3.5. The site will be used by the public, so I have no control over the client side - and the application isn't so central to their lives that they'll go out of their way to make it work. I want to have a table/grid that displays products in rows, vendors in columns, and prices in the cells. Price updates will be arriving (at the server) continuously, and I'd like to "push" any updates to the clients' browsers - ideally only updating what has changed. So, if Vendor A changes their price on Product B, I'd want to immediately update the relevant cell in all the browsers that are viewing this information. I don't want to use any browser plug-ins (e.g. Silverlight). Javascript is fine. What's the best approach to take? Presumably my options are: 1) have the client page continuously poll the server for updates, locate the correct cell and update it; or 2) have the server be able to send updates to all the open browser pages which are listening for these updates. The first one would seem the most plausible, but I don't want to constrain the assembled wisdom of the SO community. I'm happy to purchase any third party components (e.g. a grid) that might help with this. I already have the DevExpress grid/ajax components if they provide anything useful.

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• WCF data services (OData), query with inheritance limitation?

  - by Mathieu Hétu

  Project: WCF Data service using internally EF4 CTP5 Code-First approach. I configured entities with inheritance (TPH). See previous question on this topic: Previous question about multiple entities- same table The mapping works well, and unit test over EF4 confirms that queries runs smoothly. My entities looks like this: ContactBase (abstract) Customer (inherits from ContactBase), this entity has also several Navigation properties toward other entities Resource (inherits from ContactBase) I have configured a discriminator, so both Customer and Resource map to the same table. Again, everythings works fine on the Ef4 point of view (unit tests all greens!) However, when exposing this DBContext over WCF Data services, I get: - CustomerBases sets exposed (Customers and Resources sets seems hidden, is it by design?) - When I query over Odata on Customers, I get this error: Navigation Properties are not supported on derived entity types. Entity Set 'ContactBases' has a instance of type 'CodeFirstNamespace.Customer', which is an derived entity type and has navigation properties. Please remove all the navigation properties from type 'CodeFirstNamespace.Customer'. Stacktrace: at System.Data.Services.Serializers.SyndicationSerializer.WriteObjectProperties(IExpandedResult expanded, Object customObject, ResourceType resourceType, Uri absoluteUri, String relativeUri, SyndicationItem item, DictionaryContent content, EpmSourcePathSegment currentSourceRoot) at System.Data.Services.Serializers.SyndicationSerializer.WriteEntryElement(IExpandedResult expanded, Object element, ResourceType expectedType, Uri absoluteUri, String relativeUri, SyndicationItem target) at System.Data.Services.Serializers.SyndicationSerializer.<DeferredFeedItems>d__b.MoveNext() at System.ServiceModel.Syndication.Atom10FeedFormatter.WriteItems(XmlWriter writer, IEnumerable`1 items, Uri feedBaseUri) at System.ServiceModel.Syndication.Atom10FeedFormatter.WriteFeedTo(XmlWriter writer, SyndicationFeed feed, Boolean isSourceFeed) at System.ServiceModel.Syndication.Atom10FeedFormatter.WriteFeed(XmlWriter writer) at System.ServiceModel.Syndication.Atom10FeedFormatter.WriteTo(XmlWriter writer) at System.Data.Services.Serializers.SyndicationSerializer.WriteTopLevelElements(IExpandedResult expanded, IEnumerator elements, Boolean hasMoved) at System.Data.Services.Serializers.Serializer.WriteRequest(IEnumerator queryResults, Boolean hasMoved) at System.Data.Services.ResponseBodyWriter.Write(Stream stream) Seems like a limitation of WCF Data services... is it? Not much documentation can be found on the web about WCF Data services (OData) and inheritance specifications. How can I overpass this exception? I need these navigation properties on derived entities, and inheritance seems the only way to provide mapping of 2 entites on the same table with Ef4 CTP5... Any thoughts?

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