formatting word - Page 308

e2fsck extremely slow, although enough memory exists

- by kaefert

I've got this external USB-Disk: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ lsusb -s 2:3 Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0bc2:3320 Seagate RSS LLC As can be seen in this dmesg output, there is some problem that prevents that disk from beeing mounted: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ dmesg ... [ 113.084079] usb 2-1: new high-speed USB device number 3 using ehci_hcd [ 113.217783] usb 2-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0bc2, idProduct=3320 [ 113.217787] usb 2-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=2, Product=3, SerialNumber=1 [ 113.217790] usb 2-1: Product: Expansion Desk [ 113.217792] usb 2-1: Manufacturer: Seagate [ 113.217794] usb 2-1: SerialNumber: NA4J4N6K [ 113.435404] usbcore: registered new interface driver uas [ 113.455315] Initializing USB Mass Storage driver... [ 113.468051] scsi5 : usb-storage 2-1:1.0 [ 113.468180] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage [ 113.468182] USB Mass Storage support registered. [ 114.473105] scsi 5:0:0:0: Direct-Access Seagate Expansion Desk 070B PQ: 0 ANSI: 6 [ 114.474342] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 732566645 4096-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) [ 114.475089] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off [ 114.475092] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00 [ 114.475959] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA [ 114.477093] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 732566645 4096-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) [ 114.501649] sdb: sdb1 [ 114.502717] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 732566645 4096-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) [ 114.504354] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk [ 116.804408] EXT4-fs (sdb1): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 3976 failed (47397!=61519) [ 116.804413] EXT4-fs (sdb1): group descriptors corrupted! ... So I went and fired up my favorite partition manager - gparted, and told it to verify and repair the partition sdb1. This made gparted call e2fsck (version 1.42.4 (12-Jun-2012)) e2fsck -f -y -v /dev/sdb1 Although gparted called e2fsck with the "-v" option, sadly it doesn't show me the output of my e2fsck process (bugreport https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=467925 ) I started this whole thing on Sunday (2012-11-04_2200) evening, so about 48 hours ago, this is what htop says about it now (2012-11-06-1900): PID USER PRI NI VIRT RES SHR S CPU% MEM% TIME+ Command 3704 root 39 19 1560M 1166M 768 R 98.0 19.5 42h56:43 e2fsck -f -y -v /dev/sdb1 Now I found a few posts on the internet that discuss e2fsck running slow, for example: http://gparted-forum.surf4.info/viewtopic.php?id=13613 where they write that its a good idea to see if the disk is just that slow because maybe its damaged, and I think these outputs tell me that this is not the case in my case: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: Timing cached reads: 3562 MB in 2.00 seconds = 1783.29 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 82 MB in 3.01 seconds = 27.26 MB/sec kaefert@blechmobil:~$ sudo hdparm /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: multcount = 0 (off) readonly = 0 (off) readahead = 256 (on) geometry = 364801/255/63, sectors = 5860533160, start = 0 However, although I can read quickly from that disk, this disk speed doesn't seem to be used by e2fsck, considering tools like gkrellm or iotop or this: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ iostat -x Linux 3.2.0-2-amd64 (blechmobil) 2012-11-06 _x86_64_ (2 CPU) avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 14,24 47,81 14,63 0,95 0,00 22,37 Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rkB/s wkB/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await r_await w_await svctm %util sda 0,59 8,29 2,42 5,14 43,17 160,17 53,75 0,30 39,80 8,72 54,42 3,95 2,99 sdb 137,54 5,48 9,23 0,20 587,07 22,73 129,35 0,07 7,70 7,51 16,18 2,17 2,04 Now I researched a little bit on how to find out what e2fsck is doing with all that processor time, and I found the tool strace, which gives me this: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ sudo strace -p3704 lseek(4, 41026998272, SEEK_SET) = 41026998272 write(4, "\212\354K[_\361\3nl\212\245\352\255jR\303\354\312Yv\334p\253r\217\265\3567\325\257\3766"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 48404766720, SEEK_SET) = 48404766720 read(4, "\7t\260\366\346\337\304\210\33\267j\35\377'\31f\372\252\ffU\317.y\211\360\36\240c\30`\34"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 41027002368, SEEK_SET) = 41027002368 write(4, "\232]7Ws\321\352\t\1@[+5\263\334\276{\343zZx\352\21\316`1\271[\202\350R`"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 48404770816, SEEK_SET) = 48404770816 read(4, "\17\362r\230\327\25\346//\210H\v\311\3237\323K\304\306\361a\223\311\324\272?\213\tq \370\24"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 41027006464, SEEK_SET) = 41027006464 write(4, "\367yy>x\216?=\324Z\305\351\376&\25\244\210\271\22\306}\276\237\370(\214\205G\262\360\257#"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 48404774912, SEEK_SET) = 48404774912 read(4, "\365\25\0\21|T\0\21}3t_\272\373\222k\r\177\303\1\201\261\221$\261B\232\3142\21U\316"..., 4096) = 4096 ^CProcess 3704 detached around 16 of these lines every second, so 4 read and 4 write operations every second, which I don't consider to be a lot.. And finally, my question: Will this process ever finish? If those numbers from fseek (48404774912) represent bytes, that would be something like 45 gigabytes, with this beeing a 3 terrabyte disk, which would give me 134 days to go, if the speed stays constant, and e2fsck scans the disk like this completly and only once. Do you have some advice for me? I have most of the data on that disk elsewhere, but I've put a lot of hours into sorting and merging it to this disk, so I would prefer to getting this disk up and running again, without formatting it anew. I don't think that the hardware is damaged since the disk is only a few months and since I can't see any I/O errors in the dmesg output. UPDATE: I just looked at the strace output again (2012-11-06_2300), now it looks like this: lseek(4, 1419860611072, SEEK_SET) = 1419860611072 read(4, "3#\f\2447\335\0\22A\355\374\276j\204'\207|\217V|\23\245[\7VP\251\242\276\207\317:"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 43018145792, SEEK_SET) = 43018145792 write(4, "]\206\231\342Y\204-2I\362\242\344\6R\205\361\324\177\265\317C\334V\324\260\334\275t=\10F."..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 1419860615168, SEEK_SET) = 1419860615168 read(4, "\262\305\314Y\367\37x\326\245\226\226\320N\333$s\34\204\311\222\7\315\236\336\300TK\337\264\236\211n"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 43018149888, SEEK_SET) = 43018149888 write(4, "\271\224m\311\224\25!I\376\16;\377\0\223H\25Yd\201Y\342\r\203\271\24eG<\202{\373V"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 1419860619264, SEEK_SET) = 1419860619264 read(4, ";d\360\177\n\346\253\210\222|\250\352T\335M\33\260\320\261\7g\222P\344H?t\240\20\2548\310"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 43018153984, SEEK_SET) = 43018153984 write(4, "\360\252j\317\310\251G\227\335{\214`\341\267\31Y\202\360\v\374\307oq\3063\217Z\223\313\36D\211"..., 4096) = 4096 So the numbers in the lseek lines before the reads, like 1419860619264 are already a lot bigger, standing for 1.29 terabytes if those numbers are bytes, so it doesn't seem to be a linear progress on a big scale, maybe there are only some areas that need work, that have big gaps in between them. UPDATE2: Okey, big disappointment, the numbers are back to very small again (2012-11-07_0720) lseek(4, 52174548992, SEEK_SET) = 52174548992 read(4, "\374\312\22\\\325\215\213\23\0357U\222\246\370v^f(\312|f\212\362\343\375\373\342\4\204mU6"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 46603526144, SEEK_SET) = 46603526144 write(4, "\370\261\223\227\23?\4\4\217\264\320_Am\246CQ\313^\203U\253\274\204\277\2564n\227\177\267\343"..., 4096) = 4096 so either e2fsck goes over the data multiple times, or it just hops back and forth multiple times. Or my assumption that those numbers are bytes is wrong. UPDATE3: Since it's mentioned here http://forums.fedoraforum.org/showthread.php?t=282125&page=2 that you can testisk while e2fsck is running, i tried that, though not with a lot of success. When asking testdisk to display the data of my partition, this is what I get: TestDisk 6.13, Data Recovery Utility, November 2011 Christophe GRENIER <[email protected]> http://www.cgsecurity.org 1 P Linux 0 4 5 45600 40 8 732566272 Can't open filesystem. Filesystem seems damaged. And this is what strace currently gives me (2012-11-07_1030) lseek(4, 212460343296, SEEK_SET) = 212460343296 read(4, "\315Mb\265v\377Gn \24\f\205EHh\2349~\330\273\203\3375\206\10\r3=W\210\372\352"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 47347830784, SEEK_SET) = 47347830784 write(4, "]\204\223\300I\357\4\26\33+\243\312G\230\250\371*m2U\t_\215\265J \252\342Pm\360D"..., 4096) = 4096 (times are in CET)

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Constructor ambiguous quesiton

- by Crystal

I'm trying to create a simple date class, but I get an error on my main file that says, "call of overloaded Date() is ambiguous." I'm not sure why since I thought as long as I had different parameters for my constructor, I was ok. Here is my code: header file: #ifndef DATE_H #define DATE_H using std::string; class Date { public: static const int monthsPerYear = 12; // num of months in a yr Date(int = 1, int = 1, int = 1900); // default constructor Date(); // uses system time to create object void print() const; // print date in month/day/year format ~Date(); // provided to confirm destruction order string getMonth(int month) const; // gets month in text format private: int month; // 1 - 12 int day; // 1 - 31 int year; // any year int checkDay(int) const; }; #endif .cpp file #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> #include <string> #include <ctime> #include "Date.h" using namespace std; Date::Date() { time_t seconds = time(NULL); struct tm* t = localtime(&seconds); month = t->tm_mon; day = t->tm_mday; year = t->tm_year; } Date::Date(int mn, int dy, int yr) { if (mn > 0 && mn <= monthsPerYear) month = mn; else { month = 1; // invalid month set to 1 cout << "Invalid month (" << mn << ") set to 1.\n"; } year = yr; // could validate yr day = checkDay(dy); // validate the day // output Date object to show when its constructor is called cout << "Date object constructor for date "; print(); cout << endl; } void Date::print() const { string str; cout << month << '/' << day << '/' << year << '\n'; // new code for HW2 cout << setfill('0') << setw(3) << day; // prints in ddd cout << " " << year << '\n'; // yyyy format str = getMonth(month); // prints in month (full word), day, year cout << str << " " << day << ", " << year << '\n'; } and my main.cpp #include <iostream> #include "Date.h" using std::cout; int main() { Date date1(4, 30, 1980); date1.print(); cout << '\n'; Date date2; date2.print(); }

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Fluent Nhibernate - how do i specify table schemas when auto generating tables in SQL CE 4

- by daffers

I am using SQL CE as a database for running local and CI integration tests (normally our site runs on normal SQL server). We are using Fluent Nhibernate for our mapping and having it create our schema from our Mapclasses. There are only two classes with a one to many relationship between them. In our real database we use a non dbo schema. The code would not work with this real database at first until i added schema names to the Table() methods. However doing this broke the unit tests with the error... System.Data.SqlServerCe.SqlCeException : There was an error parsing the query. [ Token line number = 1,Token line offset = 26,Token in error = User ] These are the classes and associatad MapClasses (simplified of course) public class AffiliateApplicationRecord { public virtual int Id { get; private set; } public virtual string CompanyName { get; set; } public virtual UserRecord KeyContact { get; private set; } public AffiliateApplicationRecord() { DateReceived = DateTime.Now; } public virtual void AddKeyContact(UserRecord keyContactUser) { keyContactUser.Affilates.Add(this); KeyContact = keyContactUser; } } public class AffiliateApplicationRecordMap : ClassMap<AffiliateApplicationRecord> { public AffiliateApplicationRecordMap() { Schema("myschema"); Table("Partner"); Id(x => x.Id).GeneratedBy.Identity(); Map(x => x.CompanyName, "Name"); References(x => x.KeyContact) .Cascade.All() .LazyLoad(Laziness.False) .Column("UserID"); } } public class UserRecord { public UserRecord() { Affilates = new List<AffiliateApplicationRecord>(); } public virtual int Id { get; private set; } public virtual string Forename { get; set; } public virtual IList<AffiliateApplicationRecord> Affilates { get; set; } } public class UserRecordMap : ClassMap<UserRecord> { public UserRecordMap() { Schema("myschema"); Table("[User]");//Square brackets required as user is a reserved word Id(x => x.Id).GeneratedBy.Identity(); Map(x => x.Forename); HasMany(x => x.Affilates); } } And here is the fluent configuraton i am using .... public static ISessionFactory CreateSessionFactory() { return Fluently.Configure() .Database( MsSqlCeConfiguration.Standard .Dialect<MsSqlCe40Dialect>() .ConnectionString(ConnectionString) .DefaultSchema("myschema")) .Mappings(m => m.FluentMappings.AddFromAssembly(typeof(AffiliateApplicationRecord).Assembly)) .ExposeConfiguration(config => new SchemaExport(config).Create(false, true)) .ExposeConfiguration(x => x.SetProperty("connection.release_mode", "on_close")) //This is included to deal with a SQLCE issue http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2361730/assertionfailure-null-identifier-fluentnh-sqlserverce .BuildSessionFactory(); } The documentation on this aspect of fluent is pretty weak so any help would be appreciated

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Identifier is undefined

- by hawk

I wrote the following code in C++ using VS2012 Express. void ac_search( uint num_patterns, uint pattern_length, const char *patterns, uint num_records, uint record_length, const char *records, int *matches, Node* trie) { // Irrelevant code omitted. } vector<int> ac_benchmark_search( uint num_patterns, uint pattern_length, const char *patterns, uint num_records, uint record_length, const char *records, double &time) { // Prepare the container for the results vector<int> matches(num_records * num_patterns); Trie T; Node* trie = T.addWord(records, num_records, record_length); // error line ac_search(num_patterns, pattern_length, patterns, num_records, record_length, records, matches.data(), trie); // Irrelevant code omitted. return matches; } I get the error identifier "ac_search" is undefined at the function invoking line. I am a bit confused here. because the function ac_search is declared as a global (not inside any container). Why can't I call it at this place? Am I missing something? Update I tried ignore irrelevant code and then included it gradually and found that everything is fine until I include the outer loop of ac_search I get the aforementioned error. here is updated code of the function ac_search: void ac_cpu_string_search(uint num_patterns, uint pattern_length, const char *patterns, uint num_records, uint record_length, const char *records, int *matches, Node* trie) { // Loop over all records //for (uint record_number = 0; record_number < num_records; ++record_number) //{ // // Loop over all patterns for (uint pattern_number = 0; pattern_number < num_patterns; ++pattern_number) { // Execute string search const char *ptr_record = &records[record_number * record_length]; const char *ptr_match = std::strstr(ptr_record, &patterns[pattern_number * pattern_length]); // If pattern was found, then calculate offset, otherwise result is -1 if (ptr_match) { matches[record_number * num_patterns + pattern_number] = static_cast<int>(std::distance(ptr_record, ptr_match)); } else { matches[record_number * num_patterns + pattern_number] = -1; } // } //} } Update 2 I think the error has something to do with the function addWord which belongs to the class Trie. When I commented out this function, I did not get the error anymore. Node* Trie::addWord(const char *records, uint num_records, uint record_length) { // Loop over all records for (uint record_number = 0; record_number < num_records; ++record_number) { const char *ptr_record = &records[record_number * record_length]; string s = ptr_record; Node* current = root; if ( s.length() == 0 ) { current->setWordMarker(); // an empty word return; } for ( int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++ ) { Node* child = current->findChild(s[i]); if ( child != NULL ) { current = child; } else { Node* tmp = new Node(); tmp->setContent(s[i]); current->appendChild(tmp); current = tmp; } if ( i == s.length() - 1 ) current->setWordMarker(); } return current; } void ac_search( uint num_patterns, uint pattern_length, const char *patterns, uint num_records, uint record_length, const char *records, int *matches, Node* trie) { // Irrelevant code omitted. } vector<int> ac_benchmark_search( uint num_patterns, uint pattern_length, const char *patterns, uint num_records, uint record_length, const char *records, double &time) { // Prepare the container for the results vector<int> matches(num_records * num_patterns); Trie T; Node* trie = T.addWord(records, num_records, record_length); // error line ac_search(num_patterns, pattern_length, patterns, num_records, record_length, records, matches.data(), trie); // Irrelevant code omitted. return matches; }

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map<string, vector<string>> reassignment of vector value

- by user2950936

I am trying to write a program that takes lines from an input file, sorts the lines into 'signatures' for the purpose of combining all words that are anagrams of each other. I have to use a map, storing the 'signatures' as the keys and storing all words that match those signatures into a vector of strings. Afterwards I must print all words that are anagrams of each other on the same line. Here is what I have so far: #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <algorithm> #include <map> #include <fstream> using namespace std; string signature(const string&); void printMap(const map<string, vector<string>>&); int main(){ string w1,sig1; vector<string> data; map<string, vector<string>> anagrams; map<string, vector<string>>::iterator it; ifstream myfile; myfile.open("words.txt"); while(getline(myfile, w1)) { sig1=signature(w1); anagrams[sig1]=data.push_back(w1); //to my understanding this should always work, } //either by inserting a new element/key or //by pushing back the new word into the vector<string> data //variable at index sig1, being told that the assignment operator //cannot be used in this way with these data types myfile.close(); printMap(anagrams); return 0; } string signature(const string& w) { string sig; sig=sort(w.begin(), w.end()); return sig; } void printMap(const map& m) { for(string s : m) { for(int i=0;i<m->second.size();i++) cout << m->second.at(); cout << endl; } } The first explanation is working, didn't know it was that simple! However now my print function is giving me: prob2.cc: In function âvoid printMap(const std::map<std::basic_string<char>, std::vector<std::basic_string<char> > >&)â: prob2.cc:43:36: error: cannot bind âstd::basic_ostream<char>::__ostream_type {aka std::basic_ostream<char>}â lvalue to âstd::basic_ostream<char>&&â In file included from /opt/centos/devtoolset-1.1/root/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.7.2/../../../../include/c++/4.7.2/iostream:40:0, Tried many variations and they always complain about binding void printMap(const map<string, vector<string>> &mymap) { for(auto &c : mymap) cout << c.first << endl << c.second << endl; }

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algorithm q: Fuzzy matching of structured data

- by user86432

I have a fairly small corpus of structured records sitting in a database. Given a tiny fraction of the information contained in a single record, submitted via a web form (so structured in the same way as the table schema), (let us call it the test record) I need to quickly draw up a list of the records that are the most likely matches for the test record, as well as provide a confidence estimate of how closely the search terms match a record. The primary purpose of this search is to discover whether someone is attempting to input a record that is duplicate to one in the corpus. There is a reasonable chance that the test record will be a dupe, and a reasonable chance the test record will not be a dupe. The records are about 12000 bytes wide and the total count of records is about 150,000. There are 110 columns in the table schema and 95% of searches will be on the top 5% most commonly searched columns. The data is stuff like names, addresses, telephone numbers, and other industry specific numbers. In both the corpus and the test record it is entered by hand and is semistructured within an individual field. You might at first blush say "weight the columns by hand and match word tokens within them", but it's not so easy. I thought so too: if I get a telephone number I thought that would indicate a perfect match. The problem is that there isn't a single field in the form whose token frequency does not vary by orders of magnitude. A telephone number might appear 100 times in the corpus or 1 time in the corpus. The same goes for any other field. This makes weighting at the field level impractical. I need a more fine-grained approach to get decent matching. My initial plan was to create a hash of hashes, top level being the fieldname. Then I would select all of the information from the corpus for a given field, attempt to clean up the data contained in it, and tokenize the sanitized data, hashing the tokens at the second level, with the tokens as keys and frequency as value. I would use the frequency count as a weight: the higher the frequency of a token in the reference corpus, the less weight I attach to that token if it is found in the test record. My first question is for the statisticians in the room: how would I use the frequency as a weight? Is there a precise mathematical relationship between n, the number of records, f(t), the frequency with which a token t appeared in the corpus, the probability o that a record is an original and not a duplicate, and the probability p that the test record is really a record x given the test and x contain the same t in the same field? How about the relationship for multiple token matches across multiple fields? Since I sincerely doubt that there is, is there anything that gets me close but is better than a completely arbitrary hack full of magic factors? Barring that, has anyone got a way to do this? I'm especially keen on other suggestions that do not involve maintaining another table in the database, such as a token frequency lookup table :). This is my first post on StackOverflow, thanks in advance for any replies you may see fit to give.

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C++ Sentinel/Count Controlled Loop beginning programming

- by Bryan Hendricks

Hello all this is my first post. I'm working on a homework assignment with the following parameters. Piecework Workers are paid by the piece. Often worker who produce a greater quantity of output are paid at a higher rate. 1 - 199 pieces completed $0.50 each 200 - 399 $0.55 each (for all pieces) 400 - 599 $0.60 each 600 or more $0.65 each Input: For each worker, input the name and number of pieces completed. Name Pieces Johnny Begood 265 Sally Great 650 Sam Klutz 177 Pete Precise 400 Fannie Fantastic 399 Morrie Mellow 200 Output: Print an appropriate title and column headings. There should be one detail line for each worker, which shows the name, number of pieces, and the amount earned. Compute and print totals of the number of pieces and the dollar amount earned. Processing: For each person, compute the pay earned by multiplying the number of pieces by the appropriate price. Accumulate the total number of pieces and the total dollar amount paid. Sample Program Output: Piecework Weekly Report Name Pieces Pay Johnny Begood 265 145.75 Sally Great 650 422.50 Sam Klutz 177 88.5 Pete Precise 400 240.00 Fannie Fantastic 399 219.45 Morrie Mellow 200 110.00 Totals 2091 1226.20 You are required to code, compile, link, and run a sentinel-controlled loop program that transforms the input to the output specifications as shown in the above attachment. The input items should be entered into a text file named piecework1.dat and the ouput file stored in piecework1.out . The program filename is piecework1.cpp. Copies of these three files should be e-mailed to me in their original form. Read the name using a single variable as opposed to two different variables. To accomplish this, you must use the getline(stream, variable) function as discussed in class, except that you will replace the cin with your textfile stream variable name. Do not forget to code the compiler directive #include < string at the top of your program to acknowledge the utilization of the string variable, name . Your nested if-else statement, accumulators, count-controlled loop, should be properly designed to process the data correctly. The code below will run, but does not produce any output. I think it needs something around line 57 like a count control to stop the loop. something like (and this is just an example....which is why it is not in the code.) count = 1; while (count <=4) Can someone review the code and tell me what kind of count I need to introduce, and if there are any other changes that need to be made. Thanks. [code] //COS 502-90 //November 2, 2012 //This program uses a sentinel-controlled loop that transforms input to output. #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <iomanip> //output formatting #include <string> //string variables using namespace std; int main() { double pieces; //number of pieces made double rate; //amout paid per amount produced double pay; //amount earned string name; //name of worker ifstream inFile; ofstream outFile; //***********input statements**************************** inFile.open("Piecework1.txt"); //opens the input text file outFile.open("piecework1.out"); //opens the output text file outFile << setprecision(2) << showpoint; outFile << name << setw(6) << "Pieces" << setw(12) << "Pay" << endl; outFile << "_____" << setw(6) << "_____" << setw(12) << "_____" << endl; getline(inFile, name, '*'); //priming read inFile >> pieces >> pay >> rate; // ,, while (name != "End of File") //while condition test { //begining of loop pay = pieces * rate; getline(inFile, name, '*'); //get next name inFile >> pieces; //get next pieces } //end of loop inFile.close(); outFile.close(); return 0; }[/code]

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how to cout a vector of structs (that's a class member, using extraction operator)

- by Julz

hi, i'm trying to simply cout the elements of a vector using an overloaded extraction operator. the vector contians Point, which is just a struct containing two doubles. the vector is a private member of a class called Polygon, so heres my Point.h #ifndef POINT_H #define POINT_H #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <sstream> struct Point { double x; double y; //constructor Point() { x = 0.0; y = 0.0; } friend std::istream& operator >>(std::istream& stream, Point &p) { stream >> std::ws; stream >> p.x; stream >> p.y; return stream; } friend std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& stream, Point &p) { stream << p.x << p.y; return stream; } }; #endif my Polygon.h #ifndef POLYGON_H #define POLYGON_H #include "Segment.h" #include <vector> class Polygon { //insertion operator needs work friend std::istream & operator >> (std::istream &inStream, Polygon &vertStr); // extraction operator friend std::ostream & operator << (std::ostream &outStream, const Polygon &vertStr); public: //Constructor Polygon(const std::vector<Point> &theVerts); //Default Constructor Polygon(); //Copy Constructor Polygon(const Polygon &polyCopy); //Accessor/Modifier methods inline std::vector<Point> getVector() const {return vertices;} //Return number of Vector elements inline int sizeOfVect() const {return vertices.size();} //add Point elements to vector inline void setVertices(const Point &theVerts){vertices.push_back (theVerts);} private: std::vector<Point> vertices; }; and Polygon.cc using namespace std; #include "Polygon.h" // Constructor Polygon::Polygon(const vector<Point> &theVerts) { vertices = theVerts; } //Default Constructor Polygon::Polygon(){} istream & operator >> (istream &inStream, Polygon::Polygon &vertStr) { inStream >> ws; inStream >> vertStr; return inStream; } // extraction operator ostream & operator << (ostream &outStream, const Polygon::Polygon &vertStr) { outStream << vertStr.vertices << endl; return outStream; } i figure my Point insertion/extraction is right, i can insert and cout using it and i figure i should be able to just...... cout << myPoly[i] << endl; in my driver? (in a loop) or even... cout << myPoly[0] << endl; without a loop? i've tried all sorts of myPoly.at[i]; myPoly.vertices[i]; etc etc also tried all veriations in my extraction function outStream << vertStr.vertices[i] << endl; within loops, etc etc. when i just create a... vector<Point> myVect; in my driver i can just... cout << myVect.at(i) << endl; no problems. tried to find an answer for days, really lost and not through lack of trying!!! thanks in advance for any help. please excuse my lack of comments and formatting also there's bits and pieces missing but i really just need an answer to this problem thanks again

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What broke in this Javascript 1.2 snippet?

- by Rob Kelley

A friend has pointed me to his old website and says "the submit form just stopped working a while ago. I'm sure it's something simple." The form asks a child for a certain word from a book, and based on the answer, it should redirect the child to a success page or a failure page. It's using Javascript 1.2, circa 2001. You can see this form in in-action at: http://www.secrethidingplaces.com/login1.html Any idea why it's failing? The HTML does this: <script src="password.js" type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript1.2"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript1.2">  </script> and then this: document.write ( '<form name="questionForm" action="javascript:checkAnswer()" method="post">' ) ; ... document.write ( '<input type="text" name="userAnswer" value="" size="90">' ) ; document.write ( '<INPUT TYPE="image" NAME="submit" SRC="stock/btn_send.gif" width="121" height="41" BORDER="0" ALT="submit">' ) ; document.write ( '\</p>' ) ; document.write ( '\</form>' ) ; I'm assuming there's something ugly in CheckAnswer from ./password.js . I can hack the form to bypass that javascript and go straight to the success page: document.write ( '<form name="questionForm" action="extra.html" method="post">' ) ; but I'd like to help my friend get his kids site working again. The CheckAnswer function is below. Is something going wrong in here? function checkAnswer () { currentAnswer = answersArray [ choiceNumber ] ; if (agt.indexOf("msie") != -1) { rawAnswer = document.questionForm.userAnswer.value ; } else { rawAnswer = document.callThis.document.questionForm.userAnswer.value ; } lcAnswer = rawAnswer.toLowerCase ( ) ; includedAnswer = lcAnswer.indexOf ( "currentAnswer" ) ; zadaAnswer = lcAnswer.indexOf ( "zada" ) ; brendanAnswer = lcAnswer.indexOf ( "brendan" ) ; nineAnswer = lcAnswer.indexOf ( "nine" ) ; thirtyAnswer = lcAnswer.indexOf ( "thirty" ) ; if ( choiceNumber == 0 ) { if ( includedAnswer == -1 && zadaAnswer == -1 && brendanAnswer == -1 ) { checked = "wrong" ; } } if ( choiceNumber == 8 ) { if ( includedAnswer == -1 && zadaAnswer == -1 && nineAnswer == -1 ) { checked = "wrong" ; } } if ( choiceNumber == 16 ) { if ( includedAnswer == -1 && zadaAnswer == -1 && thirtyAnswer == -1 ) { checked = "wrong" ; } } if ( choiceNumber != 0 && choiceNumber != 8 && choiceNumber != 16 ) { if ( includedAnswer == -1 && zadaAnswer == -1 ) { checked = "wrong" ; } } if ( checked == "wrong" ) { showWrongPage () ; } else { showRightPage () ; } } Thanks!

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How you remember by default functionality/class name etc of the platform

- by piemesons

Hello everyone, I am 8 months experienced guy, (B.tech in computer science) In my college time i used to create simple programs in c/c++/java. Simple programs like creating linked list/binary trees programs. frankly saying those college bullshit exercise.(I am from India so Engg colleges in india sucks except few like IIT's etc). In my college time apart from my college exercises i created some better programs/games like arachnoid, snake. We had 6 months internship in our college curriculum. I worked on asp.net. Basically the work was to create a website with some random functionality. After that in my job i worked on php and successfully deployed 4 projects. All having lot of functionality and i was the only team member in all the projects. Now i am learning ruby on rails as i switched to a new firm. I also have to work on android or iphone depending upon on what mobile technology i want to choose or i can work on both of the technologies. My project manager says take your time to learn things. we are not in hurry to place you in any project. Work on things by your self. take 3 4 months to learn. But i am not getting good pace. I am quite confident with php/asp etc but i dont able to grasp things in android. Although my c/c++ background is quite good, having a good logical mind. But i am not able to grasp the things in android. Even learning some basics of rails i found it wtf. Why i have make model name singular and table name plural.By default that action name and name of the file in view is same I just hate the word MAGIC mentioned more than 100 times in the book. (agile-web-development-with-rails) (I am talking about default functionality, I can over ride them that i know, so please dont debate on that) I not saying i am not getting the things. My point is remembering the default functionality is a pissing me off. Lots of classes. Lots of files . specify this thing here. That thing there. All these things (remember which class does what) require some time or i am missing something. For my point of view i am having all these problems cause previously i never used object oriented programming approach in php. (I NEVER USED, I AM NOT SAYING THET ARE NOT) How you people explain it. How you people suggest me to do. I am looking suggestions from some seniors.From seniors in my office.They says you good dude. But i dont know i am not geting confidence in the things. When they ask me anythings about the topics i cover. I give them good answers. So when i discuss this problem with them they says there is no problem just keep on working. And sorry for my poor english.

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C++ file input/output search

- by Brian J

Hi I took the following code from a program I'm writing to check a user generated string against a dictionary as well as other validation. My problem is that although my dictionary file is referenced correctly,the program gives the default "no dictionary found".I can't see clearly what I'm doing in error here,if anyone has any tips or pointers it would be appreciated, Thanks. //variables for checkWordInFile #define gC_FOUND 99 #define gC_NOT_FOUND -99 // static bool certifyThat(bool condition, const char* error) { if(!condition) printf("%s", error); return !condition; } //method to validate a user generated password following password guidelines. void validatePass() { FILE *fptr; char password[MAX+1]; int iChar,iUpper,iLower,iSymbol,iNumber,iTotal,iResult,iCount; //shows user password guidelines printf("\n\n\t\tPassword rules: "); printf("\n\n\t\t 1. Passwords must be at least 9 characters long and less than 15 characters. "); printf("\n\n\t\t 2. Passwords must have at least 2 numbers in them."); printf("\n\n\t\t 3. Passwords must have at least 2 uppercase letters and 2 lowercase letters in them."); printf("\n\n\t\t 4. Passwords must have at least 1 symbol in them (eg ?, $, £, %)."); printf("\n\n\t\t 5. Passwords may not have small, common words in them eg hat, pow or ate."); //gets user password input get_user_password: printf("\n\n\t\tEnter your password following password rules: "); scanf("%s", &password); iChar = countLetters(password,&iUpper,&iLower,&iSymbol,&iNumber,&iTotal); iUpper = countLetters(password,&iUpper,&iLower,&iSymbol,&iNumber,&iTotal); iLower =countLetters(password,&iUpper,&iLower,&iSymbol,&iNumber,&iTotal); iSymbol =countLetters(password,&iUpper,&iLower,&iSymbol,&iNumber,&iTotal); iNumber = countLetters(password,&iUpper,&iLower,&iSymbol,&iNumber,&iTotal); iTotal = countLetters(password,&iUpper,&iLower,&iSymbol,&iNumber,&iTotal); if(certifyThat(iUpper >= 2, "Not enough uppercase letters!!!\n") || certifyThat(iLower >= 2, "Not enough lowercase letters!!!\n") || certifyThat(iSymbol >= 1, "Not enough symbols!!!\n") || certifyThat(iNumber >= 2, "Not enough numbers!!!\n") || certifyThat(iTotal >= 9, "Not enough characters!!!\n") || certifyThat(iTotal <= 15, "Too many characters!!!\n")) goto get_user_password; iResult = checkWordInFile("dictionary.txt", password); if(certifyThat(iResult != gC_FOUND, "Password contains small common 3 letter word/s.")) goto get_user_password; iResult = checkWordInFile("passHistory.txt",password); if(certifyThat(iResult != gC_FOUND, "Password contains previously used password.")) goto get_user_password; printf("\n\n\n Your new password is verified "); printf(password); //writing password to passHistroy file. fptr = fopen("passHistory.txt", "w"); // create or open the file for( iCount = 0; iCount < 8; iCount++) { fprintf(fptr, "%s\n", password[iCount]); } fclose(fptr); printf("\n\n\n"); system("pause"); }//end validatePass method int checkWordInFile(char * fileName,char * theWord){ FILE * fptr; char fileString[MAX + 1]; int iFound = -99; //open the file fptr = fopen(fileName, "r"); if (fptr == NULL) { printf("\nNo dictionary file\n"); printf("\n\n\n"); system("pause"); return (0); // just exit the program } /* read the contents of the file */ while( fgets(fileString, MAX, fptr) ) { if( 0 == strcmp(theWord, fileString) ) { iFound = -99; } } fclose(fptr); return(0); }//end of checkwORDiNFile

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Error when saving document of custom type in Alfresco Share

- by ht0ma

I got this exception when trying to save a new document of custom type: org.alfresco.service.cmr.repository.MalformedNodeRefException: 06010026 Invalid node ref - does not contain forward slash: {node.nodeRef} Here is how the definition of the custom type looks like: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  <model name="ht:channelmodel" xmlns="http://www.alfresco.org/model/dictionary/1.0">  <imports>  <import uri="http://www.alfresco.org/model/dictionary/1.0" prefix="d" />  <import uri="http://www.alfresco.org/model/content/1.0" prefix="cm" /> </imports>  <namespaces> <namespace uri="http://www.someco.com/model/content/1.0" prefix="ht" /> </namespaces> <types>  <type name="ht:doc"> <title>Custom Document</title> <parent>cm:content</parent> <mandatory-aspects> <aspect>cm:generalclassifiable</aspect> </mandatory-aspects> </type> </types> <aspects> <aspect name="ht:channel"> <title>Content Channel</title> <properties> <property name="ht:isWeb"> <type>d:boolean</type> </property> </properties> </aspect> </aspects> </model> and here is how I set the forms for displaying the creation of a new document of my custom type (inside share-config-custom.xml) <alfresco-config> <config evaluator="string-compare" condition="DocumentLibrary"> <create-content> <content id="plain-text" mimetype="text/plain" label="Prompt" itemid="ht:doc" /> </create-content> <aspects> <visible> <aspect name="ht:channel" /> </visible> <addable> </addable> <removeable> </removeable> </aspects> <types> <type name="cm:content"> <subtype name="ht:doc" /> </type> </types> </config> <config evaluator="model-type" condition="ht:doc"> <forms> <form> <field-visibility> <show id="cm:title" force="true" /> <show id="ht:isWeb" force="true" /> </field-visibility> <appearance> <field id="cm:title"> <control template="/org/alfresco/components/form/controls/textfield.ftl" /> </field> </appearance> </form> </forms> </config> </alfresco-config> Is is something wrong with the formatting or am I missing some fields in the type definition? Thanks

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Problems re-populating select options in Rails when form returned with errors

- by Rick

I have a form with 2 select options in it -- frequency and duration. When there are errors with the form, and it is returned to the browser, the select options are not re-populated with the selections the user made even though the returned values for those fields match the values of options in the selects. Also, when the form is returned, these fields are not marked as having errors even though their values are blank. Here's the frequency and duration fields in Rails <%= frequency_select c, :frequency %> <%= duration_select c, :duration %> The method for frequency_select is def frequency_select(f, method) options = [["day", 1.day], ["other day", 2.days], ["week", 1.week]] f.select method, options, :include_blank => true end And the method for duration_select is def duration_select(f, method, unit="day" ) values, units = *case unit when "day" : [[[5, 5], [15, 15], [30, 29]], "days"] when "other day" : [[[15, 15], [30, 29], [45,45]], "days"] when "week" : [[[4, 29], [6, 43], [8, 57]], "weeks"] end f.select method, values.map {|(label, i)| ["#{label} #{units}", i.days]}, :include_blank => true end If you enter a value into one or both of these fields and submit the form without completing part of it (any part of it), the form is returned to the user (as would be expected), but the duration and frequency fields are not re-populated with the user's selection. If I add this bit of code to the form <p><%= @challenge.attributes.inspect %></p> I see that this for duration and frequency when the form is returned to the browser: "duration"=>3888000, "frequency"=>172800 These values match values on the options in the select fields. Is there anything special in Rails that needs to be done so that the select fields are re-populated with the user's selections? Any thoughts on what the problem could be or what I should try next? Help is greatly appreciated! -Rick PS If you look at some of the other questions, you'll notice I've asked about this in the past. At one point, I thought the form was returning values for frequency and duration in days rather than seconds, but that's not the case. PPS Here's one other bit of information that might matter, but my tests indicate that it probably does not. (Though, I'm a bit of a newbie to this, so don't take my word for it.) These two fields are chained together using the cascade jquery plugin. The javascript is included on the page (not in a separate file) and some of the js is being created by Rails. First, here are the scripts as they appear in the browser. The first is the script to generate the options for the duration select and the second is the script required by the Cascade plugin to trigger the field chaining. <script type="text/javascript"> var list1 = [ {'When':'86400','Value':' ','Text':' '}, {'When':'172800','Value':' ','Text':' '}, {'When':'604800','Value':' ','Text':' '}, {'When':'86400','Value':'432000','Text':'5 days'}, {'When':'86400','Value':'1296000','Text':'15 days'}, {'When':'86400','Value':'2505600','Text':'30 days'}, {'When':'172800','Value':'1296000','Text':'15 days'}, {'When':'172800','Value':'2505600','Text':'30 days'}, {'When':'172800','Value':'3888000','Text':'45 days'}, {'When':'604800','Value':'2505600','Text':'4 weeks'}, {'When':'604800','Value':'3715200','Text':'6 weeks'}, {'When':'604800','Value':'4924800','Text':'8 weeks'} ]; function commonTemplate(item) { return "<option value='" + item.Value + "'>" + item.Text + "</option>"; }; function commonMatch(selectedValue) { return this.When == selectedValue; }; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(document).ready(function(){ jQuery("#challenge_duration, #user_challenge_duration").cascade("#challenge_frequency, #user_challenge_frequency",{ list: list1, template: commonTemplate, match: commonMatch }) }); </script> And here's a bit of the the first script as it is in the erb file -- you see that some of the script is being generated by Rails <%= [ [1.day, [[5, 5], [15,15], [30, 29]], "days"], [2.days, [[15, 15], [30, 29], [45, 45]], "days"], [1.week, [[4, 29], [6, 43], [8, 57]], "weeks"]].map do |(frequency, durations, unit)| durations.map do |(label, value)| "{'When':'#{frequency}','Value':'#{value.days}','Text':'#{label} #{unit}'}" end end.join(",\n") -%> Now, the reason I don't think that it matters whether the duration is being generated with JS is the problem still exists if I remove all the JS the problem also affects the frequency field, whose options are not being generated by the JS

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Help to argue why to develop software on a physical computer rather than via a remote desktop

- by s5804

Remote desktops are great and many times a blessing and cost effective (instead of leasing expensive cables). I am not arguing against remote desktops, just if one have the alternative to use either remote desktop or physical computer, I would choose the later. Also note that I am not arguing for or against remote work practices. But in my case I am required to be physically present in the office when developing software. Background, I work in a company which main business is not to develop software. Therefore the company IT policies are mainly focused on security and to efficiently deploying/maintaing thousands of computer to users. Further, the typical employee runs typical Office applications, like a word processors. Because safety/stability is such a big priority, every non production system/application, shall be deployed into a physical different network, called the test network. Software development of course also belongs in the test network. To access the test network the company has created a standard policy, which dictates that access to the test network shall go only via a remote desktop client. Practically from ones production computer one would open up a remote desktop client to a virtual computer located in the test network. On the virtual computer's remote desktop one would be able to access/run/install all development tools, like Eclipse IDE. Another solution would be to have a dedicated physical computer, which is physically only connected to the test network. Both solutions are available in the company. I have tested both approaches and found running Eclipse IDE, SQL developer, in the remote desktop client to be sluggish (keyboard strokes are delayed), commands like alt-tab takes me out of the remote client, enjoying... Further, screen resolution and colors are different, just to mention a few. Therefore there is nothing technical wrong with the remote client, just not optimal and frankly de-motivating. Now with the new policies put in place, plans are to remove the physical computers connected to the test network. I am looking for help to argue for why software developers shall have a dedicated physical software development computer, to be productive and cost effective. Remember that we are physically in office. Further one can notice that we are talking about approx. 50 computers out of 2000 employees. Therefore the extra budget is relatively small. This is more about policy than cost. Please note that there are lots of similar setups in other companies that work great due to a perfectly tuned systems. However, in my case it is sluggish and it would cost more money to trouble shoot the performance and fine tune it rather than to have a few physical computers. As a business case we have argued that productivity will go down by 25%, however it's my feeling that the reality is probably closer to 50%. This business case isn't really accepted and I find it very difficult to defend it to managers that has never ever used a rich IDE in their life, never mind developed software. Further the test network and remote client has no guaranteed service level, therefore it is down for a few hours per month with the lowest priority on the fix list. Help is appreciated.

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How to develop an english .com domain value rating algorithm?

- by Tom

I've been thinking about an algorithm that should rougly be able to guess the value of an english .com domain in most cases. For this to work I want to perform tests that consider the strengths and weaknesses of an english .com domain. A simple point based system is what I had in mind, where each domain property can be given a certain weight to factor it's importance in. I had these properties in mind: domain character length Eg. initially 20 points are added. If the domain has 4 or less characters, no points are substracted. For each extra character, one or more points are substracted on an exponential basis (the more characters, the higher the penalty). domain characters Eg. initially 20 points are added. If the domain is only alphabetic, no points are substracted. For each non-alhabetic character, X points are substracted (exponential increase again). domain name words Scans through a big offline english database, including non-formal speech, eg. words like "tweet" should be recognized. Question 1 : where can I get a modern list of english words for use in such application? Are these lists available for free? Are there lists like these with non-formal words? The more words are found per character, the more points are added. So, a domain with a lot of characters will still not get a lot of points. words hype-level I believe this is a tricky one, but this should be the cause to differentiate perfect but boring domains from perfect and interesting domains. For example, the following domain is probably not that valueable: www.peanutgalaxy.com The algorithm should identify that peanuts and galaxies are not very popular topics on the web. This is just an example. On the other side, a domain like www.shopdeals.com should ring a bell to the hype test, as shops and deals are quite popular on the web. My initial thought would be to see how often these keywords are references to on the web, preferably with some database. Question 2: is this logic flawed, or does this hype level test have merit? Question 3: are such "hype databases" available? Or is there anything else that could work offline? The problem with eg. a query to google is that it requires a lot of requests due to the many domains to be tested. domain name spelling mistakes Domains like "freemoneyz.com" etc. are generally (notice I am making a lot of assumptions in this post but that's necessary I believe) not valueable due to the spelling mistakes. Question 4: are there any offline APIs available to check for spelling mistakes, preferably in javascript or some database that I can use interact with myself. Or should a word list help here as well? use of consonants, vowels etc. A domain that is easy to pronounce (eg. Google) is usually much more valueable than one that is not (eg. Gkyld). Question 5: how does one test for such pronuncability? Do you check for consonants, vowels, etc.? What does a valueable domain have? Has there been any work in this field, where should I look? That is what I came up with, which leads me to my final two questions. Question 6: can you think of any more english .com domain strengths or weaknesses? Which? How would you implement these? Question 7: do you believe this idea has any merit or all, or am I too naive? Anything I should know, read or hear about? Suggestions/comments? Thanks!

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First time using select(), maybe a basic question?

- by darkletter

Hello people, i've been working for a few days with this server using select(). What it does, is that, i have two arrays of clients (one is "suppliers", and the other is "consumers"), and the mission of the server is to check whether the suppliers have something to send to the consumers, and in case affirmative, send it. The second part of the server is that, when the consumers have received the suppliers' info, they send a confirmation message to the same suppliers that sent the info. When a client connects, it gets recognized as "undefined", until it sends a message with the word "supplier" or "consumer" (in Spanish, as i'm from there), when the server puts it in the correct clients array. Well, what the server does is not very important here. What's important is that, i'm doing both parts with two different "for" loops, and that's where i'm getting the problems. When the first user connects to the server (be it a supplier or a consumer), the server gets stuck in the first or second loop, instead of just continuing its execution. As it's the first time i'm using select(), i may be missing something. Could you guys give me any sort of help? Thanks a lot in advance. for(;;) { rset=allset; nready=select(maxfd+1,&rset,NULL,NULL,NULL); if (FD_ISSET(sockfd, &rset)){ clilen=sizeof(cliente); if((connfd=accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&cliente,&clilen))<0) printf("Error"); IP=inet_ntoa(cliente.sin_addr); for(i=0;i<COLA;i++){if(indef[i]<0){indef[i]=connfd;IPind[i]=IP;break;}} FD_SET(connfd,&allset); if(connfd > maxfd) maxfd=connfd; if(i>maxii) maxii=i; if(--nready<=0) continue; }// Fin ISSET(sockfd) for(i=0;i<=maxii;i++){ if((sockfd1=indef[i])<0){ continue;} //! if(FD_ISSET(sockfd1,&rset)){ if((n=read(sockfd1,comp,MAXLINE))==0){close(sockfd1);FD_CLR(sockfd1,&allset);indef[i]=-1;printf("Cliente indefinido desconectado \n");} else{ comp[n]='\0'; if(strcmp(comp,"suministrador")==0){ for(j=0;j<=limite;j++){if(sumi[j]<0){IPsum[j]=IPind[i];sumi[j]=indef[i]; indef[i]=-1;if(j>maxis) {maxis=j;}break; } } } else if(strcmp(comp,"consumidor")==0){ for(o=0;j<=limite;j++){if(consum[o]<0){IPcons[o]=IPind[i];consum[o]=indef[i]; indef[o]=-1;if(o>maxic) {maxic=o;}break; } } } if(--nready <=0)break; } } }//fin bucle for maxii for(i=0;i<=maxis;i++){ if((sockfd2=sumi[i])<0){continue;} if(FD_ISSET(sockfd2,&rset)){ if((n=read(sockfd2,buffer2,MAXLINE))==0){close(sockfd2);FD_CLR(sockfd2,&allset);sumi[i]=-1;printf("Suministrador desconectado \n");} else{ buffer2[n]='\0'; for(j=0;j<=maxic;j++){ if((sockfd3=consum[j])<0){ continue;} else {strcpy(final,IPsum[i]);strcat(final,":");strcat(final,buffer2);write(sockfd3,final,sizeof(final));respuesta[i]=1;} } break; // ? } } }//fin for maxis for(i=miniic;i<=maxic;i++){ if((sockfd4=consum[i])<0){continue;} if(FD_ISSET(sockfd4,&rset)){ if((n=read(sockfd4,buffer3,MAXLINE))==0){close(sockfd4);FD_CLR(sockfd4,&allset);consum[i]=-1;printf("Consumidor desconectado \n");} else{ buffer3[n]='\0'; IP2=strtok(buffer3,":"); obj=strtok(NULL,":"); for(j=0;j<100;j++){ if((strcmp(IPsum[j],IP2)==0) && (respuesta[j]==1)) {write(sumi[j],obj,sizeof(obj)); miniic=i+1; respuesta[j]=0; break; } } } } }

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How do I process the largest match first in PHP?

- by animuson

Ok, so I tried searching around first but I didn't exactly know how to word this question or a search phrase. Let me explain. I have data that looks like this:   0,9 0,0 9,0 9,9 0,9   1,5 1,6 3,6 3,8 4,8   0,7 1,7   So it's basically a bunch of points. Here is the code I'm currently using to try and parse it so that it would create an array like so: Array ( 0 => Array ( 0 => "0,9", 1 => "0,0", 2 => "9,0", 3 => "9,9", 4 => "0,9" ), 1 => Array ( 0 => "1,5", 1 => "1,6", 2 => "3,6", 3 => "3,8", 4 => "4,8" ), 2 => Array ( 0 => "0,7", 1 => "1,7" ) ) However, it is returning an array that looks like this: Array ( 0 => "0,9", 1 => "0,0", 2 => "9,0" ) Viewing the larger array that I have on my screen, you see that it's setting the first instance of that variable when matching. So how do I get it to find the widest match first and then process the insides. Here is the function I am currently using: function explosion($text) { $number = preg_match_all("/()\n?(.*?)\n?()/s", $text, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER); if ($number == 0) return $text; else unset($item); foreach ($matches as $item) if (empty($data[$item[2]])) $data[$item[2]] = $this->explosion($item[3]); return $data; } I'm sure it will be something stupid and simple that I've overlooked, but that just makes it an easy answer for you I suppose.

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I'm trying to make lots of the same object appear randomly on the screen subject to conditions and k

- by Katsideswide

Hi! A good friend recommended this site to me, it looks really useful! I'm a bit of a shameless noob at actionscript and after 3 days of tutorials and advice I've hit a brick wall. I've managed to get a sensor attached to an arduino talking to flash using something called AS3glue. it works, when i set up a trace("leaf") for the contition that the sensor reads 0, i get a printout of the word "leaf". however i want the program to make a graphic appear on the screen when this condition is met, not just trace something. I'm trying to get the program to generate a library object called "Enemy" on the screen at a random position each time the conditions are met. It's called enemy because I was following a game tutorial...actually it's a drawing of a leaf. Here's the bit of the code which is causing me problems: var army:Array; var enemy:Enemy; function AvoiderGame() { army = new Array(); var newEnemy = new Enemy( 100, 100 ); army.push( newEnemy ); addChild( newEnemy ); } function timerEvent(event:Event):void { if (a.getAnalogData(0) ==0 && a.getAnalogData(0) != this.lastposition){ trace("leaf"); var randomX:Number = (Math.random() * 200) + 100; var randomY:Number = (Math.random() * 150) + 50; var newEnemy = new Enemy( randomX, randomY); army.push( newEnemy ); addChild( newEnemy ); } else if (a.getAnalogData(0) == 0) { //don't trace anything } else { //don't trace anything } this.lastposition = a.getAnalogData(0); //afterwards, set the position to be the new lastposition and repeat. } I've imported "import flash.display.MovieClip;" and the code for the Enemy class looks like this: package { import flash.display.MovieClip; public class Enemy extends MovieClip { public function Enemy( startX:Number, startY:Number ) { x = startX; y = startY; } } } Here's my error. I've tried googling, it seems like a pretty general error: TypeError: Error #1009: Cannot access a property or method of a null object reference. at as3glue_program_fla::MainTimeline/timerEvent() at flash.utils::Timer/_timerDispatch() at flash.utils::Timer/tick() I've made sure that the "Enemy" object is exported for AS3. I'm going for something like this when it's programmed in AS2: leafCounter = 0; //set the counter to 0 counter.swapDepths(1000); //puts the counter on top of pretty much anything, unless you make more than 1000 leaves! counter.textbox.text = 0; //shows "0" in the text box in the "counter" movie clip this.onMouseDown = function() { //triggers when the mouse is clicked this.attachMovie("Leaf","Leaf"+leafCounter,leafCounter,{_x:Math.random()*Stage.width,_y:Math.random()*Stage.height,_rotation:Math.random()*360}); //adds a leaf to rthe stage with a random position and random rotation leafCounter++; //adds 1 to the leaf counter counter.textbox.text = leafCounter; //shows that number in the text box } I'm sure it must be a simple error, I can get the logic working when it just traces something on the screen but i can't get it to generate an "enemy" Any help or hints would be really useful! I know this is a bit of a ham-fisted job of altering existing code.

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C++ SDL State Machine Segfault

- by user1602079

The code compiles and builds fine, but it immediately segfaults. I've looked at this for a while and have no idea why. Any help is appreciated. Thank you! Here's the code: main.cpp #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include "Globals.h" #include "Core.h" #include "GameStates.h" #include "Introduction.h" int main(int argc, char** args) { if(core.Initilize() == false) { SDL_Quit(); } while(core.desiredstate != core.Quit) { currentstate->EventHandling(); currentstate->Logic(); core.ChangeState(); currentstate->Render(); currentstate->Update(); } SDL_Quit(); } Core.h #ifndef CORE_H #define CORE_H #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include <string> class Core { public: SDL_Surface* Load(std::string filename); void ApplySurface(int X, int Y, SDL_Surface* source, SDL_Surface* destination); void SetState(int newstate); void ChangeState(); enum state { Intro, STATES_NULL, Quit }; int desiredstate, stateID; bool Initilize(); }; #endif Core.cpp #include "Core.h" #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include "Globals.h" #include "Introduction.h" #include <string> /* Initilizes SDL subsystems */ bool Core::Initilize() { //Inits subsystems, reutrns false upon error if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING) == -1) { return false; } SDL_WM_SetCaption("Game", NULL); return true; } /* Loads surfaces and optimizes them */ SDL_Surface* Core::Load(std::string filename) { //The surface to be optimized SDL_Surface* original = SDL_LoadBMP(filename.c_str()); //The optimized surface SDL_Surface* optimized = NULL; //Optimizes the image if it loaded properly if(original != NULL) { optimized = SDL_DisplayFormat(original); SDL_FreeSurface(original); } else { //returns NULL upon error return NULL; } return optimized; } /* Blits surfaces */ void Core::ApplySurface(int X, int Y, SDL_Surface* source, SDL_Surface* destination) { //Stores the coordinates of the surface SDL_Rect offsets; offsets.x = X; offsets.y = Y; //Bits the surface if both surfaces are present if(source != NULL && destination != NULL) { SDL_BlitSurface(source, NULL, destination, &offsets); } } /* Sets desiredstate to newstate */ void Core::SetState(int newstate) { if(desiredstate != Quit) { desiredstate = newstate; } } /* Changes the game state */ void Core::ChangeState() { if(desiredstate != STATES_NULL && desiredstate != Quit) { delete currentstate; switch(desiredstate) { case Intro: currentstate = new Introduction(); break; } stateID = desiredstate; desiredstate = core.STATES_NULL; } } Globals.h #ifndef GLOBALS_H #define GLOBALS_H #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include "Core.h" #include "GameStates.h" extern SDL_Surface* screen; extern Core core; extern GameStates* currentstate; #endif Globals.cpp #include "Globals.h" #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include "GameStates.h" SDL_Surface* screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(640, 480, 32, SDL_SWSURFACE); Core core; GameStates* currentstate = NULL; GameStates.h #ifndef GAMESTATES_H #define GAMESTATES_H class GameStates { public: virtual void EventHandling() = 0; virtual void Logic() = 0; virtual void Render() = 0; virtual void Update() = 0; }; #endif Introduction.h #ifndef INTRODUCTION_H #define INTRODUCTION_H #include "GameStates.h" #include "Globals.h" class Introduction : public GameStates { public: Introduction(); private: void EventHandling(); void Logic(); void Render(); void Update(); ~Introduction(); SDL_Surface* test; }; #endif Introduction.cpp #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include "Core.h" #include "Globals.h" #include "Introduction.h" /* Loads all the assets */ Introduction::Introduction() { test = core.Load("test.bmp"); } void Introduction::EventHandling() { SDL_Event event; while(SDL_PollEvent(&event)) { switch(event.type) { case SDL_QUIT: core.SetState(core.Quit); break; } } } void Introduction::Logic() { //to be coded } void Introduction::Render() { core.ApplySurface(30, 30, test, screen); } void Introduction::Update() { SDL_Flip(screen); } Introduction::~Introduction() { SDL_FreeSurface(test); } Sorry if the formatting is a bit off... Having to put four spaces for it to be put into a code block offset it a bit. I ran it through gdb and this is what I got: Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault. 0x0000000000400e46 in main () Which isn't incredibly useful... Any help is appreciated. Thank you!

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Explain to me the following VS 2010 Extension Sample code..

- by ealshabaan

Coders, I am building a VS 2010 extension and I am experimenting around some of the samples that came with the VS 2010 SDK. One of the sample projects is called TextAdornment. In that project there is a weirdo class that looks like the following: [Export(typeof(IWpfTextViewCreationListener))] [ContentType("text")] [TextViewRole(PredefinedTextViewRoles.Document)] internal sealed class TextAdornment1Factory : IWpfTextViewCreationListener While I was experimenting with this project, I tried to debug the project to see the flow of the program and I noticed that this class gets hit when I first start the debugging. Now my question is the following: what makes this class being the first class to get called when VS starts? In other words, why this class gets active and it runs as of some code instantiate an object of this class type? Here is the only two files in the sample project: TextAdornment1Factory.cs using System.ComponentModel.Composition; using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Editor; using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Utilities; namespace TextAdornment1 { #region Adornment Factory /// /// Establishes an to place the adornment on and exports the /// that instantiates the adornment on the event of a 's creation /// [Export(typeof(IWpfTextViewCreationListener))] [ContentType("text")] [TextViewRole(PredefinedTextViewRoles.Document)] internal sealed class TextAdornment1Factory : IWpfTextViewCreationListener { /// /// Defines the adornment layer for the adornment. This layer is ordered /// after the selection layer in the Z-order /// [Export(typeof(AdornmentLayerDefinition))] [Name("TextAdornment1")] [Order(After = PredefinedAdornmentLayers.Selection, Before = PredefinedAdornmentLayers.Text)] [TextViewRole(PredefinedTextViewRoles.Document)] public AdornmentLayerDefinition editorAdornmentLayer = null; /// <summary> /// Instantiates a TextAdornment1 manager when a textView is created. /// </summary> /// <param name="textView">The <see cref="IWpfTextView"/> upon which the adornment should be placed</param> public void TextViewCreated(IWpfTextView textView) { new TextAdornment1(textView); } } #endregion //Adornment Factory } TextAdornment1.cs using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Controls; using System.Windows.Media; using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text; using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Editor; using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Formatting; namespace TextAdornment1 { /// ///TextAdornment1 places red boxes behind all the "A"s in the editor window /// public class TextAdornment1 { IAdornmentLayer _layer; IWpfTextView _view; Brush _brush; Pen _pen; ITextView textView; public TextAdornment1(IWpfTextView view) { _view = view; _layer = view.GetAdornmentLayer("TextAdornment1"); textView = view; //Listen to any event that changes the layout (text changes, scrolling, etc) _view.LayoutChanged += OnLayoutChanged; _view.Closed += new System.EventHandler(_view_Closed); //selectedText(); //Create the pen and brush to color the box behind the a's Brush brush = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff)); brush.Freeze(); Brush penBrush = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Red); penBrush.Freeze(); Pen pen = new Pen(penBrush, 0.5); pen.Freeze(); _brush = brush; _pen = pen; } void _view_Closed(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { MessageBox.Show(textView.Selection.IsEmpty.ToString()); } /// <summary> /// On layout change add the adornment to any reformatted lines /// </summary> private void OnLayoutChanged(object sender, TextViewLayoutChangedEventArgs e) { foreach (ITextViewLine line in e.NewOrReformattedLines) { this.CreateVisuals(line); } } private void selectedText() { } /// <summary> /// Within the given line add the scarlet box behind the a /// </summary> private void CreateVisuals(ITextViewLine line) { //grab a reference to the lines in the current TextView IWpfTextViewLineCollection textViewLines = _view.TextViewLines; int start = line.Start; int end = line.End; //Loop through each character, and place a box around any a for (int i = start; (i < end); ++i) { if (_view.TextSnapshot[i] == 'a') { SnapshotSpan span = new SnapshotSpan(_view.TextSnapshot, Span.FromBounds(i, i + 1)); Geometry g = textViewLines.GetMarkerGeometry(span); if (g != null) { GeometryDrawing drawing = new GeometryDrawing(_brush, _pen, g); drawing.Freeze(); DrawingImage drawingImage = new DrawingImage(drawing); drawingImage.Freeze(); Image image = new Image(); image.Source = drawingImage; //Align the image with the top of the bounds of the text geometry Canvas.SetLeft(image, g.Bounds.Left); Canvas.SetTop(image, g.Bounds.Top); _layer.AddAdornment(AdornmentPositioningBehavior.TextRelative, span, null, image, null); } } } } } }

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Ambiguous constructor call

- by Crystal

I'm trying to create a simple date class, but I get an error on my main file that says, "call of overloaded Date() is ambiguous." I'm not sure why since I thought as long as I had different parameters for my constructor, I was ok. Here is my code: header file: #ifndef DATE_H #define DATE_H using std::string; class Date { public: static const int monthsPerYear = 12; // num of months in a yr Date(int = 1, int = 1, int = 1900); // default constructor Date(); // uses system time to create object void print() const; // print date in month/day/year format ~Date(); // provided to confirm destruction order string getMonth(int month) const; // gets month in text format private: int month; // 1 - 12 int day; // 1 - 31 int year; // any year int checkDay(int) const; }; #endif .cpp file #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> #include <string> #include <ctime> #include "Date.h" using namespace std; Date::Date() { time_t seconds = time(NULL); struct tm* t = localtime(&seconds); month = t->tm_mon; day = t->tm_mday; year = t->tm_year; } Date::Date(int mn, int dy, int yr) { if (mn > 0 && mn <= monthsPerYear) month = mn; else { month = 1; // invalid month set to 1 cout << "Invalid month (" << mn << ") set to 1.\n"; } year = yr; // could validate yr day = checkDay(dy); // validate the day // output Date object to show when its constructor is called cout << "Date object constructor for date "; print(); cout << endl; } void Date::print() const { string str; cout << month << '/' << day << '/' << year << '\n'; // new code for HW2 cout << setfill('0') << setw(3) << day; // prints in ddd cout << " " << year << '\n'; // yyyy format str = getMonth(month); // prints in month (full word), day, year cout << str << " " << day << ", " << year << '\n'; } and my main.cpp #include <iostream> #include "Date.h" using std::cout; int main() { Date date1(4, 30, 1980); date1.print(); cout << '\n'; Date date2; date2.print(); }

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PHP & MySQL database storing the name Array problem.

- by comma

I'm new to PHP & MySQL and I keep getting the word Array stored in my MySQL tables fields $skill, $experience, $yearsI was wondering how can I fix this problem? And I know I need to add mysqli_real_escape_string which I left out to make code more easier to read Hopefully. Here is the PHP & MySQL code. if (isset($_POST['info_submitted'])) { $mysqli = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "sitename"); $dbc = mysqli_query($mysqli,"SELECT learned_skills.*, users_skills.* FROM learned_skills INNER JOIN users_skills ON learned_skills.id = users_skills.skill_id WHERE user_id='$user_id'"); if (!$dbc) { print mysqli_error($mysqli); return; } $user_id = '5'; $skill = $_POST['skill']; $experience = $_POST['experience']; $years = $_POST['years']; if (isset($_POST['skill'][0]) && trim($_POST['skill'][0])!=='') { $mysqli = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "sitename"); $dbc = mysqli_query($mysqli,"SELECT learned_skills.*, users_skills.* FROM learned_skills INNER JOIN users_skills ON users_skills.skill_id = learned_skills.id WHERE users_skills.user_id='$user_id'"); if (mysqli_num_rows($dbc) == 0) { for ($s = 0; $s < count($skill); $s++){ for ($x = 0; $x < count($experience); $x++){ for ($g = 0; $g < count($years); $g++){ $mysqli = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "sitename"); $query1 = mysqli_query($mysqli,"INSERT INTO learned_skills (skill, experience, years) VALUES ('" . $s . "', '" . $x . "', '" . $g . "')"); $id = mysqli_insert_id($mysqli); if ($query1 == TRUE) { $mysqli = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "sitename"); $query2 = mysqli_query($mysqli,"INSERT INTO users_skills (skill_id, user_id) VALUES ('$id', '$user_id')"); } } } } } } } Here is the XHTML code. <li><label for="skill">Skill: </label><input type="text" name="skill[0]" id="skill[0]" /> <label for="experience">Experience: </label> <?php echo '<select id="experience[0]" name="experience[0]">' . "\n"; foreach($experience_options as $option) { if ($option == $experience) { echo '<option value="' . $option . '" selected="selected">' . $option . '</option>' . "\n"; } else { echo '<option value="'. $option . '">' . $option . '</option>'."\n"; } } echo '</select>'; ?> <label for="years">Years: </label> <?php echo '<select id="years[0]" name="years[0]">' . "\n"; foreach($grade_options as $option) { if ($option == $years) { echo '<option value="' . $option . '" selected="selected">' . $option . '</option>' . "\n"; } else { echo '<option value="'. $option . '">' . $option . '</option>'."\n"; } } echo '</select>'; ?> </li>

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How to specify 2 different positions for Colorbox or Fancybox on the same page?

- by Eric

I know this question has been asked before, but I'm having difficulty implementing it. I'm looking for a more specific answer. Here is my html code: <head> <meta charset=utf-8 /> <title>ColorBox Examples</title> <style type="text/css"> body{font:12px/1.2 Verdana, Arial, san-serrif; padding:0 10px;} a:link, a:visited{text-decoration:none; color:#416CE5; border-bottom:1px solid #416CE5;} h2{font-size:13px; margin:15px 0 0 0;} </style> <link media="screen" rel="stylesheet" href="colorbox.css" /> <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="../colorbox/jquery.colorbox.js"></script> <script> $(document).ready(function(){ //Examples of how to assign the ColorBox event to elements $(".example7").colorbox({width:"80%", height:"80%", iframe:true}); $(".example7").colorbox({width:"80%", height:"80%", iframe:true}); }); </script> </head> <body> <p><a class='example7' href="http://google.com">Outside Webpage 1 (Iframe)</a></p> <p><a class='example7' href="http://google.com">Outside Webpage 2 (Iframe)</a></p> (Excuse the wrong indentation - I had to mess with the formatting to get the body content to show up.) Here is my CSS code(default colorbox code): #colorbox, #cboxOverlay, #cboxWrapper{position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:9999; overflow:hidden;} #cboxOverlay{position:fixed; width:100%; height:100%;} #cboxMiddleLeft, #cboxBottomLeft{clear:left;} #cboxContent{position:relative; overflow:visible;} #cboxLoadedContent{overflow:auto;} #cboxLoadedContent iframe{display:block; width:100%; height:100%; border:0;} #cboxTitle{margin:0;} #cboxLoadingOverlay, #cboxLoadingGraphic{position:absolute; top:0; left:0; width:100%;} #cboxPrevious, #cboxNext, #cboxClose, #cboxSlideshow{cursor:pointer;} #cboxOverlay{background:#fff;} #colorbox{} #cboxContent{margin-top:32px;} #cboxLoadedContent{background:#000; padding:1px;} #cboxLoadingGraphic{background:url(images/loading.gif) no-repeat center center;} #cboxLoadingOverlay{background:#000;} #cboxTitle{position:absolute; top:-22px; left:0; color:#000;} #cboxCurrent{position:absolute; top:-22px; right:205px; text-indent:-9999px;} #cboxSlideshow, #cboxPrevious, #cboxNext, #cboxClose{text-indent:-9999px; width:20px; height:20px; position:absolute; top:-20px; background:url(images/controls.png) no-repeat 0 0;} #cboxPrevious{background-position:0px 0px; right:44px;} #cboxPrevious.hover{background-position:0px -25px;} #cboxNext{background-position:-25px 0px; right:22px;} #cboxNext.hover{background-position:-25px -25px;} #cboxClose{background-position:-50px 0px; right:0;} #cboxClose.hover{background-position:-50px -25px;} .cboxSlideshow_on #cboxPrevious, .cboxSlideshow_off #cboxPrevious{right:66px;} .cboxSlideshow_on #cboxSlideshow{background-position:-75px -25px; right:44px;} .cboxSlideshow_on #cboxSlideshow.hover{background-position:-100px -25px;} .cboxSlideshow_off #cboxSlideshow{background-position:-100px 0px; right:44px;} .cboxSlideshow_off #cboxSlideshow.hover{background-position:-75px -25px;} Can someone please tell me how this can be achieved? Forgive my lack of css knowledge :) Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks a ton.

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Debugging errors in c++

- by user1513323

I was working on a program that printed out the word count, character count and line count depending on the user's input. But I keep getting these error that are completely unknown to me. I was wondering if anyone could help. ** I've changed it from previous mistakes and am still receiving errors. Sorry I'm new to C++. The errors I got were filestat.cpp:47: error: ‘line’ was not declared in this scope filestat.cpp: In function ‘int wc(std::string)’: filestat.cpp:55: error: ‘line’ was not declared in this scope filestat.cpp: In function ‘int cc(std::string)’: filestat.cpp:67: error: ‘line’ was not declared in this scope #include<iostream> #include<fstream> #include<string> using namespace std; int lc(string fname); int wc(string fname); int cc(string fname); int main(){ string fname,line,command; ifstream ifs; int i; while(true){ cout<<"---- Enter a file name : "; if(getline(cin,line)){ if(line.length()== 4 && line.compare("exit")== 0){ cout<<"Exiting"; exit(0); }else{ string command = line.substr(0,2); fname= line.substr(4, line.length() -5); if( ifs.fail()){ ifs.open(fname.c_str()); cerr<< "File not found" <<fname <<endl; ifs.clear(); }else{ if(command.compare("lc")){ lc(fname); }else if (command.compare("wc")){ wc(fname); }else if(command.compare("cc")){ cc(fname); }else cout<<"Command unknown. "; } } } } return 0; } int lc(string fname){ int count; while(getline(fname, line)){ count++; } cout<<"Number of lines: "<<count ; } int wc(string fname){ int count; while(getline(fname, line)){ int pos=line.find_first_of("\n\t ",0); while(pos =! string::npos){ int length=line.length(); line = line.substr(pos+1, length - pos); count++; } } cout<< "Number of words: " <<count; } int cc(string fname){ int count; while(getline(fname, line)){ count = count + line.length(); } cout<< "Number of words: " <<count; }

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.NET HTML Sanitation for rich HTML Input

- by Rick Strahl

Recently I was working on updating a legacy application to MVC 4 that included free form text input. When I set up the new site my initial approach was to not allow any rich HTML input, only simple text formatting that would respect a few simple HTML commands for bold, lists etc. and automatically handles line break processing for new lines and paragraphs. This is typical for what I do with most multi-line text input in my apps and it works very well with very little development effort involved. Then the client sprung another note: Oh by the way we have a bunch of customers (real estate agents) who need to post complete HTML documents. Oh uh! There goes the simple theory. After some discussion and pleading on my part (<snicker>) to try and avoid this type of raw HTML input because of potential XSS issues, the client decided to go ahead and allow raw HTML input anyway. There has been lots of discussions on this subject on StackOverFlow (and here and here) but to after reading through some of the solutions I didn't really find anything that would work even closely for what I needed. Specifically we need to be able to allow just about any HTML markup, with the exception of script code. Remote CSS and Images need to be loaded, links need to work and so. While the 'legit' HTML posted by these agents is basic in nature it does span most of the full gamut of HTML (4). Most of the solutions XSS prevention/sanitizer solutions I found were way to aggressive and rendered the posted output unusable mostly because they tend to strip any externally loaded content. In short I needed a custom solution. I thought the best solution to this would be to use an HTML parser - in this case the Html Agility Pack - and then to run through all the HTML markup provided and remove any of the blacklisted tags and a number of attributes that are prone to JavaScript injection. There's much discussion on whether to use blacklists vs. whitelists in the discussions mentioned above, but I found that whitelists can make sense in simple scenarios where you might allow manual HTML input, but when you need to allow a larger array of HTML functionality a blacklist is probably easier to manage as the vast majority of elements and attributes could be allowed. Also white listing gets a bit more complex with HTML5 and the new proliferation of new HTML tags and most new tags generally don't affect XSS issues directly. Pure whitelisting based on elements and attributes also doesn't capture many edge cases (see some of the XSS cheat sheets listed below) so even with a white list, custom logic is still required to handle many of those edge cases. The Microsoft Web Protection Library (AntiXSS) My first thought was to check out the Microsoft AntiXSS library. Microsoft has an HTML Encoding and Sanitation library in the Microsoft Web Protection Library (formerly AntiXSS Library) on CodePlex, which provides stricter functions for whitelist encoding and sanitation. Initially I thought the Sanitation class and its static members would do the trick for me,but I found that this library is way too restrictive for my needs. Specifically the Sanitation class strips out images and links which rendered the full HTML from our real estate clients completely useless. I didn't spend much time with it, but apparently I'm not alone if feeling this library is not really useful without some way to configure operation. To give you an example of what didn't work for me with the library here's a small and simple HTML fragment that includes script, img and anchor tags. I would expect the script to be stripped and everything else to be left intact. Here's the original HTML:var value = "<b>Here</b> <script>alert('hello')</script> we go. Visit the " + "<a href='http://west-wind.com'>West Wind</a> site. " + "<img src='http://west-wind.com/images/new.gif' /> " ; and the code to sanitize it with the AntiXSS Sanitize class:@Html.Raw(Microsoft.Security.Application.Sanitizer.GetSafeHtmlFragment(value)) This produced a not so useful sanitized string: Here we go. Visit the <a>West Wind</a> site. While it removed the <script> tag (good) it also removed the href from the link and the image tag altogether (bad). In some situations this might be useful, but for most tasks I doubt this is the desired behavior. While links can contain javascript: references and images can 'broadcast' information to a server, without configuration to tell the library what to restrict this becomes useless to me. I couldn't find any way to customize the white list, nor is there code available in this 'open source' library on CodePlex. Using Html Agility Pack for HTML Parsing The WPL library wasn't going to cut it. After doing a bit of research I decided the best approach for a custom solution would be to use an HTML parser and inspect the HTML fragment/document I'm trying to import. I've used the HTML Agility Pack before for a number of apps where I needed an HTML parser without requiring an instance of a full browser like the Internet Explorer Application object which is inadequate in Web apps. In case you haven't checked out the Html Agility Pack before, it's a powerful HTML parser library that you can use from your .NET code. It provides a simple, parsable HTML DOM model to full HTML documents or HTML fragments that let you walk through each of the elements in your document. If you've used the HTML or XML DOM in a browser before you'll feel right at home with the Agility Pack. Blacklist based HTML Parsing to strip XSS Code For my purposes of HTML sanitation, the process involved is to walk the HTML document one element at a time and then check each element and attribute against a blacklist. There's quite a bit of argument of what's better: A whitelist of allowed items or a blacklist of denied items. While whitelists tend to be more secure, they also require a lot more configuration. In the case of HTML5 a whitelist could be very extensive. For what I need, I only want to ensure that no JavaScript is executed, so a blacklist includes the obvious <script> tag plus any tag that allows loading of external content including <iframe>, <object>, <embed> and <link> etc. <form> is also excluded to avoid posting content to a different location. I also disallow <head> and <meta> tags in particular for my case, since I'm only allowing posting of HTML fragments. There is also some internal logic to exclude some attributes or attributes that include references to JavaScript or CSS expressions. The default tag blacklist reflects my use case, but is customizable and can be added to. Here's my HtmlSanitizer implementation:using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Xml; using HtmlAgilityPack; namespace Westwind.Web.Utilities { public class HtmlSanitizer { public HashSet<string> BlackList = new HashSet<string>() { { "script" }, { "iframe" }, { "form" }, { "object" }, { "embed" }, { "link" }, { "head" }, { "meta" } }; /// <summary> /// Cleans up an HTML string and removes HTML tags in blacklist /// </summary> /// <param name="html"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static string SanitizeHtml(string html, params string[] blackList) { var sanitizer = new HtmlSanitizer(); if (blackList != null && blackList.Length > 0) { sanitizer.BlackList.Clear(); foreach (string item in blackList) sanitizer.BlackList.Add(item); } return sanitizer.Sanitize(html); } /// <summary> /// Cleans up an HTML string by removing elements /// on the blacklist and all elements that start /// with onXXX . /// </summary> /// <param name="html"></param> /// <returns></returns> public string Sanitize(string html) { var doc = new HtmlDocument(); doc.LoadHtml(html); SanitizeHtmlNode(doc.DocumentNode); //return doc.DocumentNode.WriteTo(); string output = null; // Use an XmlTextWriter to create self-closing tags using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter()) { XmlWriter writer = new XmlTextWriter(sw); doc.DocumentNode.WriteTo(writer); output = sw.ToString(); // strip off XML doc header if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(output)) { int at = output.IndexOf("?>"); output = output.Substring(at + 2); } writer.Close(); } doc = null; return output; } private void SanitizeHtmlNode(HtmlNode node) { if (node.NodeType == HtmlNodeType.Element) { // check for blacklist items and remove if (BlackList.Contains(node.Name)) { node.Remove(); return; } // remove CSS Expressions and embedded script links if (node.Name == "style") { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(node.InnerText)) { if (node.InnerHtml.Contains("expression") || node.InnerHtml.Contains("javascript:")) node.ParentNode.RemoveChild(node); } } // remove script attributes if (node.HasAttributes) { for (int i = node.Attributes.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { HtmlAttribute currentAttribute = node.Attributes[i]; var attr = currentAttribute.Name.ToLower(); var val = currentAttribute.Value.ToLower(); span style="background: white; color: green">// remove event handlers if (attr.StartsWith("on")) node.Attributes.Remove(currentAttribute); // remove script links else if ( //(attr == "href" || attr== "src" || attr == "dynsrc" || attr == "lowsrc") && val != null && val.Contains("javascript:")) node.Attributes.Remove(currentAttribute); // Remove CSS Expressions else if (attr == "style" && val != null && val.Contains("expression") || val.Contains("javascript:") || val.Contains("vbscript:")) node.Attributes.Remove(currentAttribute); } } } // Look through child nodes recursively if (node.HasChildNodes) { for (int i = node.ChildNodes.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { SanitizeHtmlNode(node.ChildNodes[i]); } } } } } Please note: Use this as a starting point only for your own parsing and review the code for your specific use case! If your needs are less lenient than mine were you can you can make this much stricter by not allowing src and href attributes or CSS links if your HTML doesn't allow it. You can also check links for external URLs and disallow those - lots of options. The code is simple enough to make it easy to extend to fit your use cases more specifically. It's also quite easy to make this code work using a WhiteList approach if you want to go that route. The code above is semi-generic for allowing full featured HTML fragments that only disallow script related content. The Sanitize method walks through each node of the document and then recursively drills into all of its children until the entire document has been traversed. Note that the code here uses an XmlTextWriter to write output - this is done to preserve XHTML style self-closing tags which are otherwise left as non-self-closing tags. The sanitizer code scans for blacklist elements and removes those elements not allowed. Note that the blacklist is configurable either in the instance class as a property or in the static method via the string parameter list. Additionally the code goes through each element's attributes and looks for a host of rules gleaned from some of the XSS cheat sheets listed at the end of the post. Clearly there are a lot more XSS vulnerabilities, but a lot of them apply to ancient browsers (IE6 and versions of Netscape) - many of these glaring holes (like CSS expressions - WTF IE?) have been removed in modern browsers. What a Pain To be honest this is NOT a piece of code that I wanted to write. I think building anything related to XSS is better left to people who have far more knowledge of the topic than I do. Unfortunately, I was unable to find a tool that worked even closely for me, or even provided a working base. For the project I was working on I had no choice and I'm sharing the code here merely as a base line to start with and potentially expand on for specific needs. It's sad that Microsoft Web Protection Library is currently such a train wreck - this is really something that should come from Microsoft as the systems vendor or possibly a third party that provides security tools. Luckily for my application we are dealing with a authenticated and validated users so the user base is fairly well known, and relatively small - this is not a wide open Internet application that's directly public facing. As I mentioned earlier in the post, if I had my way I would simply not allow this type of raw HTML input in the first place, and instead rely on a more controlled HTML input mechanism like MarkDown or even a good HTML Edit control that can provide some limits on what types of input are allowed. Alas in this case I was overridden and we had to go forward and allow *any* raw HTML posted. Sometimes I really feel sad that it's come this far - how many good applications and tools have been thwarted by fear of XSS (or worse) attacks? So many things that could be done *if* we had a more secure browser experience and didn't have to deal with every little script twerp trying to hack into Web pages and obscure browser bugs. So much time wasted building secure apps, so much time wasted by others trying to hack apps… We're a funny species - no other species manages to waste as much time, effort and resources as we humans do :-) Resources Code on GitHub Html Agility Pack XSS Cheat Sheet XSS Prevention Cheat Sheet Microsoft Web Protection Library (AntiXss) StackOverflow Links: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/341872/html-sanitizer-for-net http://blog.stackoverflow.com/2008/06/safe-html-and-xss/ http://code.google.com/p/subsonicforums/source/browse/trunk/SubSonic.Forums.Data/HtmlScrubber.cs?r=61© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in Security HTML ASP.NET JavaScript Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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