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• DNSSEC - Ad Flag not activated

  - by Arancha

  Hi all, I have some doubts regarding DNSSEC. I have one server acting as an Authoritative Name Server and another one as a Cache/Resolver. I'm using Bind 9.7.1-P2 and these are my configuration files: Named.conf (Authoritative Server) // Opciones de configuracion del servidor include "/etc/rndc.key"; controls { inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { rndc-key; }; }; options{ version "Peticion no permitida/Query not allowed"; hostname "Peticion no permitida/Query not allowed"; server-id "Peticion no permitida/Query not allowed"; directory "/etc/DNS_RIMA"; pid-file "named.pid"; notify yes; #files 65535; dnssec-enable yes; dnssec-validation yes; allow-transfer { 172.23.2.37; 172.23.3.39; }; transfer-format many-answers; transfers-per-ns 5; transfers-in 10; max-transfer-time-in 120; check-names master ignore; listen-on {172.23.2.57; 80.58.102.13; 80.58.102.103; 127.0.0.1; }; }; zone "test.dnssec" { type master; key-directory "keys"; file "db.test.dnssec.signed"; also-notify { 172.23.2.37 ; 172.23.3.39 ; }; allow-transfer { 172.23.2.37 ; 172.23.3.39 ; }; }; test.dnssec zone test.dnssec. 86400 IN SOA ns.test.dnssec. mxadmin.test.dnssec. ( 2010090902 ; serial 21600 ; refresh (6 hours) 3600 ; retry (1 hour) 1814400 ; expire (3 weeks) 172800 ; minimum (2 days) ) 86400 RRSIG SOA 5 2 86400 20101009062248 ( 20100909062248 40665 test.dnssec. eY99laB6PrtETaXLdCS+G8Uq1lIK7d5vxUB1 pAQ9npv/YbvX1pdWZKGojDgPGw8V65Q0zKQo YW1VuBzvwfSRKax+yrjJzvHQGfCZPJWARehK hgLxHOfXLVH7tyndvLD49ZKcWtrop+Tuy4n9 apWWfSJZxCOngwS7zUi0zCTKfPs= ) 86400 NS ns1.test.dnssec. 86400 RRSIG NS 5 2 86400 20101009062248 ( 20100909062248 40665 test.dnssec. lmlP/Mb2qEXPSlajgSDn/CqWk/jokVCmqjeo idNuytxbiFnbCOunzvaYpgvDpEr0CPrwXaDL TSnb/w53tZl7GHRImJo50vwwNZljLzNT6CFw aaQXFc3rDLsXjCi+WF0/Z7meteM4jYdx5nrV Qx9pgur7VPbP88bJOqWCPBev2Ho= ) 172800 NSEC a.test.dnssec. NS SOA RRSIG NSEC DNSKEY 172800 RRSIG NSEC 5 2 172800 20101009062248 ( 20100909062248 40665 test.dnssec. E76ayamsAAz8Zcj7060KY0nTFzHPztM/Pkc5 OM0EcP7C5+ocn4L8M2J0rmR3jxfYvCpOk0BQ Zniqn9Aw41Qk068yJ2dfDPwV5zT0+te0nzwC /awJGPMXLzMj4JejYTlTiKfspGDJCG44F+lb lHXdcUhbjXf3loqMQadZFQ/eSn0= ) 86400 DNSKEY 256 3 5 ( AwEAAbQ8qrNN5vetx/7E1VOgXZ7fLqwG1y/i 55hWGCeLbcS95ratT9A6UospOvPSwPTlrFgF RWP67Pubzbsy7/damS1F1+p4GgBQway52Hd1 8HjdHKKC6kIxna9pOJBRfhCdzAsv9LnpRvrw mDpcFAqhdn5k5RqwcUF1eOZrKjxXjAOr ) ; key id = 40665 86400 DNSKEY 257 3 5 ( AwEAAcd4dxWyTgOuqha0DJADUH0pk5jvnwdM ZhgZaqnayUdeTh8U9WOjOUHdVCGywZS6NTVp xXqhcegWzh2ZR5VN6thuhezt7kbzLNWbPe7m YF29/ZTXB6nmdSxruQlSvYhzkWTaPNtfrUnI UlbDRxUFWQkSHj9LA1TG76FpR6uqOj1sNrWX nPb/Hwp1Sb2Ik4FlifKb/Vu1+/UnclRJgfPm p2HGTeNYpfk15JHBPSYxJ1TuedXQIdkPGlQX ISmAeV1evGomCC/x9DNleDHCszJOptwurzRP Z7wRXcWnbXz1BU8rAqvUZL3M4UgdNRR5LLTz CkRnrlvXYJpgzDtgmQxE9Bs= ) ; key id = 59647 86400 RRSIG DNSKEY 5 2 86400 20101009062248 ( 20100909062248 40665 test.dnssec. sa4W3tvl6n0TkIcq3xzhG17C2O0lRhllrpUd n5Hs6yVo8r7stewP6tm2XscQiAeseDgmv28w s6Mtiz8uPUbrgFRb6SJk7coH2n/2Y3//S9YP NldDFv3luPnnU1TBb3jDsBKIZWHU9yl/cLNA OKUhlMDd40txk+fQi3iiV5Ls9K8= ) 86400 RRSIG DNSKEY 5 2 86400 20101009062248 ( 20100909062248 59647 test.dnssec. b5fz0dEp2co2pVO7biY896XmsJanjQIR69vC MvSF104/9iZk6eGVFi6hsa4aZcXutEjUDESB ynPkDjMWWIIhN6K1jYKGIc/sFKv1IUONRYHF KXGgZhC6aI0B1E4NA9AXLjlBVF60nHdc3iw8 5gTLDjypP3qAZrnzMvdiBopLnVdB25UZYKn8 mGpOuzKqX02TGMCFMlEVtMX4FP/XKAE8UjiQ 5ehC1JvIKIyg/2zM+ot3nmcqqtUfzp/Hweyc aIkl/9wPJPwMedfTqOjfUKFdB+GiZ0Zz16HZ 5MfJui5IGh5Y6Q04kMrnap2V5U7mByTzx/ud V/eFYhmSHGtAXzBjMA== ) a.test.dnssec. 86400 IN A 1.1.1.1 86400 RRSIG A 5 3 86400 20101009062248 ( 20100909062248 40665 test.dnssec. P52N9ypCrYsgS4CFcUmII0xjyE6KNL9ndhzH oU63fHJHQHeQV+fc0Rx8cCmZSzuqk1lSBelV 3Gcl9UNNuCAQ4ORQ/yJkiZ1zn7h93Mep9qsg YEUQJMfk4FLjYW67DHNcuoCnKbDJhZS0ndVf I474k7ZEZJsGslwk/vcIoFnTa4o= ) 172800 NSEC b.test.dnssec. A RRSIG NSEC 172800 RRSIG NSEC 5 3 172800 20101009062248 ( 20100909062248 40665 test.dnssec. TCduf7xPSrWvEAzBO7Kx5haR85yA/lbsswkQ v0QxlskqAqo+9YedGQV+wGblbCIOmkomrYcq u/rXQ5yoQ3SDXd/bw6EFdoQmH8UJOjMc7SdR xY93MjawPB6XXlJsSlbBFPWJwEpILVRhdBFX czdS5VCa1KmhAYZYQp1FY9rMelA= ) b.test.dnssec. 86400 IN A 2.2.2.2 86400 RRSIG A 5 3 86400 20101009062248 ( 20100909062248 40665 test.dnssec. f0M6Tcqe6B09ctaN3BGAit4u4cJE8x3Ik8sh gyMu0GN/lMv/Bo7PB6hgylLam3HXtF1pPAzX oYudXmhU8afPapHMXfUitC1lFQB5ZW052ZC7 JXV9MnGULydz1blj2EdN+JL3Za8SJKM0LrLB XdQ+QUV+A/6N7hUV6usz5YmdBeI= ) 172800 NSEC ns1.test.dnssec. A RRSIG NSEC 172800 RRSIG NSEC 5 3 172800 20101009062248 ( 20100909062248 40665 test.dnssec. sc6v19dcOFVa295/Xf1pKxBhbdpEErY8CTDQ fw2fjJf0Y3wL1Y1Mlr5zi5ShceQwgua+6YHE DWNbAPcXrJ0lLMU4DU5r0sAyBiBCgCavngGk i59W+nv11zuIpPMnlaMHpJVfJrQ+c4z7H9MH 77B0fMRFTUnvAXoq6ag8Q5POITI= ) ns1.test.dnssec. 86400 IN A 3.3.3.3 86400 RRSIG A 5 3 86400 20101009062248 ( 20100909062248 40665 test.dnssec. UQ3hR/++ta1GokxGz8Yh+GomMcA+xhd3z2Ke z0tdFiNfxvGbm85XyCtSqJIo2S/ZLVJUv/mG nGJbicTfJSziKzYZsD7dp0WJiUK3l7lQ/HpP 5FL8SbjlovVYYAG5woW4p3+os28mmCAJA8gP JTywbcREEhFB4cir2M/QVP+9h+Y= ) 172800 NSEC test.dnssec. A RRSIG NSEC 172800 RRSIG NSEC 5 3 172800 20101009062248 ( 20100909062248 40665 test.dnssec. i7F/ezGl/pGXCC6JyVDaxuwdZMAgv9QLxwzi PTgjCG8Sj6pTIxaQkSLwXsoB9gF77WWBANow R2SWdz0Zai2vWnv/NYoNm9ZfRJEQ9NuExeYp rvX/+lLOHvZXN6tUerIQbWAxO2GwdzHoejSn wReUNVr9MxzZUvuJ33Z7X/7s9VQ= ) Named.conf (Cache/Resolver) include "/etc/rndc.key"; controls { inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { rndc-key; }; }; options{ version "Peticion no permitida/Query not allowed"; hostname "Peticion no permitida/Query not allowed"; server-id "Peticion no permitida/Query not allowed"; directory "/etc/DNS_RIMA"; pid-file "named.pid"; recursion yes; notify no; #DNSSEC dnssec-enable yes; dnssec-validation yes; listen-on {127.0.0.1; 172.23.2.87; 80.58.102.37; 80.58.102.115; }; #listen-on {127.0.0.1; 80.58.102.37; 80.58.102.115; }; allow-query { telefonica; }; allow-transfer { none; }; recursive-clients 40000; max-cache-size 838860800; rrset-order { order fixed;}; max-ncache-ttl 600; }; trusted-keys { "test.dnssec." 257 3 5 "AwEAAcd4dxWyTgOuqha0DJADUH0pk5jvnwdMZhgZaqnayUdeTh8U9WOjOUHdVCGywZS6NTVpxXqhcegWzh2ZR5VN6thuhezt7kbzLNWbPe7mYF29/ZT XB6nmdSxruQlSvYhzkWTaPNtfrUnIUlbDRxUFWQkSHj9LA1TG76FpR6uqOj1sNrWXnPb/Hwp1Sb2Ik4FlifKb/Vu1+/UnclRJgfPmp2HGTeNYpfk15JHBPSYxJ1TuedXQIdkPGlQXIS mAeV1evGomCC/x9DNleDHCszJOptwurzRPZ7wRXcWnbXz1BU8rAqvUZL3M4UgdNRR5LLTzCkRnrlvXYJpgzDtgmQxE9Bs="; }; I have configured a secure zone (test.dnssec) and I'm trying to perform some queries from the resolver to the Name server (172.23.2.57): /usr/local/bin/dig @172.23.2.57 a.test.dnssec +dnssec ; <<>> DiG 9.7.1-P2 <<>> @172.23.2.57 a.test.dnssec +dnssec ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 2654 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 3 ;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION: ; EDNS: version: 0, flags: do; udp: 4096 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;a.test.dnssec. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: a.test.dnssec. 86400 IN A 1.1.1.1 a.test.dnssec. 86400 IN RRSIG A 5 3 86400 20101009062248 20100909062248 40665 test.dnssec. P52N9ypCrYsgS4CFcUmII0xjyE6KNL9ndhzHoU63fHJHQHeQV+ fc0Rx8 cCmZSzuqk1lSBelV3Gcl9UNNuCAQ4ORQ/yJkiZ1zn7h93Mep9qsgYEUQ JMfk4FLjYW67DHNcuoCnKbDJhZS0ndVfI474k7ZEZJsGslwk/vcIoFnT a4o= ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: test.dnssec. 86400 IN NS ns1.test.dnssec. test.dnssec. 86400 IN RRSIG NS 5 2 86400 20101009062248 20100909062248 40665 test.dnssec. lmlP/Mb2qEXPSlajgSDn/CqWk/jokVCmqjeoidNuytxbiFnbCOunzvaY pgvDpEr0CPrwXaDLTSnb/w53tZl7GHRImJo50vwwNZljLzNT6CFwaaQX Fc3rDLsXjCi+WF0/Z7meteM4jYdx5nrVQx9pgur7VPbP88bJOqWCPBev 2Ho= ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns1.test.dnssec. 86400 IN A 3.3.3.3 ns1.test.dnssec. 86400 IN RRSIG A 5 3 86400 20101009062248 20100909062248 40665 test.dnssec. UQ3hR/++ta1GokxGz8Yh+GomMcA+xhd3z2Kez0tdFiNfxvGbm85XyCtS qJIo2S/ZLVJUv/mGnGJbicTfJSziKzYZsD7dp0WJiUK3l7lQ/HpP5FL8 SbjlovVYYAG5woW4p3+os28mmCAJA8gPJTywbcREEhFB4cir2M/QVP+9 h+Y= ;; Query time: 1 msec ;; SERVER: 172.23.2.57#53(172.23.2.57) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 9 09:47:14 2010 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 605 I obtain the right answer along with the RRSIG records, but the problem is that I'm not seeing the ad flag activated. Any idea about what is wrong????

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• possible UDP attack on BIND?

  - by Waleed Hamra

  hello everyone, i was surprised last month when my EC2 instance (ubuntu precise server), that is supposed to be under the free tier still, accumulated lots of traffic... today, while checking my current billing statement, i noticed i already have tons of traffic, while still in the middle of the month, and i'm fearing what my bill by the end of the month is going to be... i installed bandwidthd, and after few minutes, i noticed lots of UDP traffic to "108.162.233.15". this is apparently a cloudflare IP, and i don't have anything using cloudflare (as far as i know). so i ran "iftop" to see what ports are being used, and i saw the UDP traffic coming from port 80 to my port 53... why would a webserver query dns? so i stopped bind on my server, and ran it in foreground debugging mode, and saw the following query, being repeated continuously: 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.216 client 108.162.233.15#80: UDP request 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.216 client 108.162.233.15#80: request is not signed 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.216 client 108.162.233.15#80: recursion available 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.216 client 108.162.233.15#80: query 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.216 client 108.162.233.15#80: query (cache) 'isc.org/ANY/IN' approved 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.216 client 108.162.233.15#80: send 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.216 client 108.162.233.15#80: sendto 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.216 client 108.162.233.15#80: senddone 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.217 client 108.162.233.15#80: next 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.217 client 108.162.233.15#80: endrequest 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.217 client @0x7fbee05126e0: udprecv 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.343 client 108.162.233.15#80: UDP request 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.343 client 108.162.233.15#80: request is not signed 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.343 client 108.162.233.15#80: recursion available 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.343 client 108.162.233.15#80: query 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.343 client 108.162.233.15#80: query (cache) 'isc.org/ANY/IN' approved 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.343 client 108.162.233.15#80: send 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.344 client 108.162.233.15#80: sendto 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.344 client 108.162.233.15#80: senddone 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.344 client 108.162.233.15#80: next 17-Nov-2012 12:30:58.344 client 108.162.233.15#80: endrequest my question is... is this normal? should i be worried? or is this completely irrelevant to my data charges, and i should wait to see more data from bandwidthd? thank you in advance.

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• Suggestions for connecting .NET WPF GUI with Java SE Server

  - by Sam Goldberg

  BACKGROUND We are building a Java (SE) trading application which will be monitoring market data and sending trade messages based on the market data, and also on user defined configuration parameters. We are planning to provide the user with a thin client, built in .NET (WPF) for managing the parameters, controlling the server behavior, and viewing the current state of the trading. The client doesn't need real-time updates; it will instead update the view once every few seconds (or whatever interval is configured by the user). The client has about 6 different operations it needs to perform with the server, for example: CRUD with configuration parameters query subset of the data receive updates of current positions from server It is possible that most of the different operations (except for receiving data) are just different flavors of managing the configuration parameters, but it's too early in our analysis for us to be sure. To connect the client with the server, we have been considering using: SOAP Web Service RESTful service building a custom TCP/IP based API (text or xml) (least preferred - but we use this approach with other applications we have) As best as I understand, pros and cons of the different web service flavors are: SOAP pro: totally automated in .NET (and Java), modifying server side interface require no code changes in communication layer, just running refresh on Web Service reference to regenerate the classes. con: more overhead in the communication layer sending more text, etc. We're not using J2EE container so maybe doesn't work so well with J2SE REST pro: lighter weight, less data. Has good .NET and Java support. (I don't have any real experience with this, so don't know what other benefits it has.) con: client will not be automatically aware if there are any new operations or properties added (?), so communication layer needs to be updated by developer if server interface changes. con: (both approaches) Server cannot really push updates to the client at regular intervals (?) (However, we won't mind if client polls the server to get updates.) QUESTION What are your opinions on the above options or suggestions for other ways to connect the 2 parts? (Ideally, we don't want to put much work into the communication layer, because it's not the significant part of the application so the more off-the-shelf and automated the better.)

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• Your interesting code tricks/ conventions? [closed]

  - by Paul

  What interesting conventions, rules, tricks do you use in your code? Preferably some that are not so popular so that the rest of us would find them as novelties. :) Here's some of mine... Input and output parameters This applies to C++ and other languages that have both references and pointers. This is the convention: input parameters are always passed by value or const reference; output parameters are always passed by pointer. This way I'm able to see at a glance, directly from the function call, what parameters might get modified by the function: Inspiration: Old C code int a = 6, b = 7, sum = 0; calculateSum(a, b, &sum); Ordering of headers My typical source file begins like this (see code below). The reason I put the matching header first is because, in case that header is not self-sufficient (I forgot to include some necessary library, or forgot to forward declare some type or function), a compiler error will occur. // Matching header #include "example.h" // Standard libraries #include <string> ... Setter functions Sometimes I find that I need to set multiple properties of an object all at once (like when I just constructed it and I need to initialize it). To reduce the amount of typing and, in some cases, improve readability, I decided to make my setters chainable: Inspiration: Builder pattern class Employee { public: Employee& name(const std::string& name); Employee& salary(double salary); private: std::string name_; double salary_; }; Employee bob; bob.name("William Smith").salary(500.00); Maybe in this particular case it could have been just as well done in the constructor. But for Real WorldTM applications, classes would have lots more fields that should be set to appropriate values and it becomes unmaintainable to do it in the constructor. So what about you? What personal tips and tricks would you like to share?

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• Suggestions for connecting .NET WPF GUI with Java SE Server aoo

  - by Sam Goldberg

  BACKGROUND We are building a Java (SE) trading application which will be monitoring market data and sending trade messages based on the market data, and also on user defined configuration parameters. We are planning to provide the user with a thin client, built in .NET (WPF) for managing the parameters, controlling the server behavior, and viewing the current state of the trading. The client doesn't need real-time updates; it will instead update the view once every few seconds (or whatever interval is configured by the user). The client has about 6 different operations it needs to perform with the server, for example: CRUD with configuration parameters query subset of the data receive updates of current positions from server It is possible that most of the different operations (except for receiving data) are just different flavors of managing the configuration parameters, but it's too early in our analysis for us to be sure. To connect the client with the server, we have been considering using: SOAP Web Service RESTful service building a custom TCP/IP based API (text or xml) (least preferred - but we use this approach with other applications we have) As best as I understand, pros and cons of the different web service flavors are: SOAP pro: totally automated in .NET (and Java), modifying server side interface require no code changes in communication layer, just running refresh on Web Service reference to regenerate the classes. con: more overhead in the communication layer sending more text, etc. We're not using J2EE container so maybe doesn't work so well with J2SE REST pro: lighter weight, less data. Has good .NET and Java support. (I don't have any real experience with this, so don't know what other benefits it has.) con: client will not be automatically aware if there are any new operations or properties added (?), so communication layer needs to be updated by developer if server interface changes. con: (both approaches) Server cannot really push updates to the client at regular intervals (?) (However, we won't mind if client polls the server to get updates.) QUESTION What are your opinions on the above options or suggestions for other ways to connect the 2 parts? (Ideally, we don't want to put much work into the communication layer, because it's not the significant part of the application so the more off-the-shelf and automated the better.)

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• A High Level Comparison Between Oracle and SQL Server - Part III

  Start-up and Configuration Parameters When SQL Server is installed, a number of Windows registry keys are also created. These registry keys specify various parameters values required by the instance. For example, one registry key would specify the location of ... [Read Full Article]

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• n00b needs some PHP syntax guidance [closed]

  - by Michael

  If you look at http://www.cruc.es/?paged=12/ and go to the bottom of the page you'll see the bottom navigation with the next and previous options. I've been able to make the page numbers work by changing page to paged= in the code. I don't know enough about PHP to get the previous/next options to work. Any advice would be appreciated and I've pasted the code below. Thank you: n00b if ( $query->found_posts > $query->query_vars["posts_per_page"] ) { echo '<ul class="paging">'; // Previous link? if ( $page > 1 ) { echo '<li class="previous"><a href="'.$baseURL.'/page/'.($page-1).'/'.$qs.'">previous</a></li>'; } // Loop through pages for ( $i=1; $i <= $query->max_num_pages; $i++ ) { // Current page or linked page? if ( $i == $page ) { echo '<li class="active">'.$i.'</li>'; } else { echo '<li><a href="'.$baseURL.'/?paged='.$i.'/'.$qs.'">'.$i.'</a></li>'; } } // Next link? if ( $page < $query->max_num_pages ) { echo '<li><a href="'.$baseURL.'/page/'.($page+1).'/'.$qs.'">next</a></li>'; } echo '</ul>'; }

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• `make install` fails apparently due to typo, but not in makefile: How to find and fix?

  - by Archelon

  I'm trying to install the fujitsu-usb-touchscreen drivers from here, on Kubuntu 12.04 on my new Fujitsu LifeBook P1630. (See fujitsu-usb-touchscreen on kubuntu 13.04 (64-bit) on P1630: `make` errors.) I downloaded the .zip file, unzipped it, and ran make in the directory thus created; this all worked as expected. However, when I run sudo checkinstall (which invokes make install), things go less well. On the first attempt the installation aborted with the following error: make: execvp: /etc/init.d/fujitsu_touchscreen: Permission denied make: *** [install] Error 127 I eventually resolved this by $ sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/fujitsu_touchscreen But although a second sudo checkinstall then does not give the execvp error, it still fails at a later stage, and the log (on stdout) shows this dpkg error: dpkg: error processing /home/archelon/fujitsu-touchscreen-driver/cybergene-fujitsu-usb-touchscreen-112fdb75b406/cybergene-fujitsu-usb-touchscreen-112fdb75b406_amd64.deb (--install): unable to create `/sys/module/fujitsu/usb/touchscreen/parameters/touch_maxy.dpkg-new' (while processing `/sys/module/fujitsu/usb/touchscreen/parameters/touch_maxy'): No such file or directory And, indeed, there is no /sys/module/fujitsu/usb/touchscreen/parameters/touch_maxy; there is, however, /sys/module/fujitsu_usb_touchscreen/parameters/touch_maxy, and this is presumably what was intended. But this incorrect filename does not appear in the makefile or any other file in the directory, at least not that I can find. Nor does it appear, as I discovered after running sudo checkinstall --install=no as suggested below, in the .deb package created by checkinstall. Where might such a typographical error be originating, and how would I go about fixing it? Edited to add: I'm viewing the contents of the .deb file with ark, Kubuntu's default tool. It contains only three files: control.tar.gz, data.tar.gz, and debian-binary. data.tar.gz contains the directory tree that appears to match up to the usual root filesystem, with /etc, /lib, /sys, and /usr directories. (Looking at other .deb files on my system, this structure appears to be typical.) Here's a screenshot: . (Full size.) Here's another screenshot showing that control.tar.gz contains three files, one of which is empty: . (Full size.) Here's the actual .deb file: https://www.dropbox.com/s/odwxxez0fhyvg7a/cybergene-fujitsu-usb-touchscreen_112fdb75b406-1_amd64.deb Edited 2013-09-28 to add: After reinstalling Kubuntu 12.04 again, this time recreating the /home partition (which, again, had been generated during an install of 13.04), I can no longer reproduce this error. I am still curious to know how the underscores got changed to slashes, but it looks as though nobody has any idea. It is perhaps also of interest to note that while I have still not successfully run checkinstall against this package, I have done make install; it requires the executabilization of /etc/init.d/fujitsu_touchscreen and the installation of hal, and the GUI freezes shortly after installation completes, and there is no particular new functionality afterwards that I have noticed, and the system can no longer resume from being suspended; however, this will be pursued elsewhere.

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• Use CompiledQuery.Compile to improve LINQ to SQL performance

  - by Michael Freidgeim

  After reading DLinq (Linq to SQL) Performance and in particular Part 4  I had a few questions. If CompiledQuery.Compile gives so much benefits, why not to do it for all Linq To Sql queries? Is any essential disadvantages of compiling all select queries? What are conditions, when compiling makes whose performance, for how much percentage? World be good to have default on application config level or on DBML level to specify are all select queries to be compiled? And the same questions about Entity Framework CompiledQuery Class. However in comments I’ve found answer  of the author ricom 6 Jul 2007 3:08 AM Compiling the query makes it durable. There is no need for this, nor is there any desire, unless you intend to run that same query many times. SQL provides regular select statements, prepared select statements, and stored procedures for a reason.  Linq now has analogs. Also from 10 Tips to Improve your LINQ to SQL Application Performance   If you are using CompiledQuery make sure that you are using it more than once as it is more costly than normal querying for the first time. The resulting function coming as a CompiledQuery is an object, having the SQL statement and the delegate to apply it.  And your delegate has the ability to replace the variables (or parameters) in the resulting query. However I feel that many developers are not informed enough about benefits of Compile. I think that tools like FxCop and Resharper should check the queries  and suggest if compiling is recommended. Related Articles for LINQ to SQL: MSDN How to: Store and Reuse Queries (LINQ to SQL) 10 Tips to Improve your LINQ to SQL Application Performance Related Articles for Entity Framework: MSDN: CompiledQuery Class Exploring the Performance of the ADO.NET Entity Framework - Part 1 Exploring the Performance of the ADO.NET Entity Framework – Part 2 ADO.NET Entity Framework 4.0: Making it fast through Compiled Query

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• Sql Injection Prevention

  To protect your application from SQL injection, perform the following steps: * Step 1. Constrain input. * Step 2. Use parameters with stored procedures. * Step 3. Use parameters with dynamic SQL.

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• CNAME to another domain fails on some office networks, why?

  - by crashalpha

  Our domain "aspenfasteners.com" is hosted by Volusion. We have CNAME records "find" and "search" which point to site indexing accounts on www.picosearch.com. These addresses fail on SOME private office networks which have their own DNS. We suspect the problem comes from Volusion's own name servers, n2.volusion.com and n3.volusion.com. Volusion support on problems this technical is non-existant. We have tried an NSLOOKUP on find.aspenfasteners.com with level 2 debugging info, and we got the results below. Is it possible that the local DNS is recursing to Volusion's name servers, and that while Volusion DOES return the canonical name, they do NOT resolve the address? Can anybody with expertise in this sort of stuff PLEASE look at the NSLOOKUP below and tell me if we are right, because Volusion is giving me absolutely NO support on this topic. I need proof of where the problem lies. Thanks VERY much! Carlo find.aspenfasteners.com Server: mtl-srm-dbsv-01.fastenerwholesale.com Address: 192.168.0.44 SendRequest(), len 61 HEADER: opcode = QUERY, id = 8, rcode = NOERROR header flags: query, want recursion questions = 1, answers = 0, authority records = 0, additional = 0 QUESTIONS: find.aspenfasteners.com.fastenerwholesale.com, type = A, class = IN ------------ Got answer (138 bytes): HEADER: opcode = QUERY, id = 8, rcode = NXDOMAIN header flags: response, auth. answer, want recursion, recursion avail. questions = 1, answers = 0, authority records = 1, additional = 0 QUESTIONS: find.aspenfasteners.com.fastenerwholesale.com, type = A, class = IN AUTHORITY RECORDS: -> fastenerwholesale.com type = SOA, class = IN, dlen = 46 ttl = 3600 (1 hour) primary name server = mtl-srm-dbsv-01.fastenerwholesale.com responsible mail addr = admin.fastenerwholesale.com serial = 10219 refresh = 900 (15 mins) retry = 600 (10 mins) expire = 86400 (1 day) default TTL = 3600 (1 hour) ------------ SendRequest(), len 41 HEADER: opcode = QUERY, id = 9, rcode = NOERROR header flags: query, want recursion questions = 1, answers = 0, authority records = 0, additional = 0 QUESTIONS: find.aspenfasteners.com, type = A, class = IN ------------ Got answer (141 bytes): HEADER: opcode = QUERY, id = 9, rcode = NXDOMAIN header flags: response, auth. answer questions = 1, answers = 1, authority records = 1, additional = 1 QUESTIONS: find.aspenfasteners.com, type = A, class = IN ANSWERS: -> find.aspenfasteners.com type = CNAME, class = IN, dlen = 17 canonical name = www.picosearch.com ttl = 3600 (1 hour) AUTHORITY RECORDS: -> com type = SOA, class = IN, dlen = 43 ttl = 900 (15 mins) primary name server = ns3.volusion.com responsible mail addr = admin.volusion.com serial = 1 refresh = 900 (15 mins) retry = 600 (10 mins) expire = 86400 (1 day) default TTL = 3600 (1 hour) ADDITIONAL RECORDS: -> ns3.volusion.com type = A, class = IN, dlen = 4 internet address = 65.61.137.154 ttl = 900 (15 mins) * mtl-srm-dbsv-01.fastenerwholesale.com can't find find.aspenfasteners.com: Non-existent domain

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• Representing complex object dependencies

  - by max

  I have several classes with a reasonably complex (but acyclic) dependency graph. All the dependencies are of the form: class X instance contains an attribute of class Y. All such attributes are set during initialization and never changed again. Each class' constructor has just a couple parameters, and each object knows the proper parameters to pass to the constructors of the objects it contains. class Outer is at the top of the dependency hierarchy, i.e., no class depends on it. Currently, the UI layer only creates an Outer instance; the parameters for Outer constructor are derived from the user input. Of course, Outer in the process of initialization, creates the objects it needs, which in turn create the objects they need, and so on. The new development is that the a user who knows the dependency graph may want to reach deep into it, and set the values of some of the arguments passed to constructors of the inner classes (essentially overriding the values used currently). How should I change the design to support this? I could keep the current approach where all the inner classes are created by the classes that need them. In this case, the information about "user overrides" would need to be passed to Outer class' constructor in some complex user_overrides structure. Perhaps user_overrides could be the full logical representation of the dependency graph, with the overrides attached to the appropriate edges. Outer class would pass user_overrides to every object it creates, and they would do the same. Each object, before initializing lower level objects, will find its location in that graph and check if the user requested an override to any of the constructor arguments. Alternatively, I could rewrite all the objects' constructors to take as parameters the full objects they require. Thus, the creation of all the inner objects would be moved outside the whole hierarchy, into a new controller layer that lies between Outer and UI layer. The controller layer would essentially traverse the dependency graph from the bottom, creating all the objects as it goes. The controller layer would have to ask the higher-level objects for parameter values for the lower-level objects whenever the relevant parameter isn't provided by the user. Neither approach looks terribly simple. Is there any other approach? Has this problem come up enough in the past to have a pattern that I can read about? I'm using Python, but I don't think it matters much at the design level.

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• Why can host and nslookup resolve a name but dig cannot?

  - by musashiXXX

  Can anyone tell me why this is happening? I can resolve a hostname using host and/or nslookup but forward lookups do not work with dig; reverse lookups do: musashixxx@box:~$ host someserver someserver.somenet.internal has address 192.168.0.252 musashixxx@box:~$ host 192.168.0.252 252.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer someserver.somenet.internal. musashixxx@box:~$ nslookup someserver Server: 192.168.0.253 Address: 192.168.0.253#53 Name: someserver.somenet.internal Address: 192.168.0.252 musashixxx@box:~$ nslookup 192.168.0.252 Server: 192.168.0.253 Address: 192.168.0.253#53 252.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = someserver.somenet.internal. musashixxx@box:~$ dig someserver ; <<>> DiG 9.8.1-P1 <<>> someserver ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: SERVFAIL, id: 55306 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;someserver. IN A ;; Query time: 0 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.0.253#53(192.168.0.253) ;; WHEN: Wed Oct 3 15:47:38 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 27 musashixxx@box:~$ dig -x 192.168.0.252 ; <<>> DiG 9.8.1-P1 <<>> -x 192.168.0.252 ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 28126 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;252.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; ANSWER SECTION: 252.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 3600 IN PTR someserver.somenet.internal. ;; Query time: 0 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.0.253#53(192.168.0.253) ;; WHEN: Wed Oct 3 15:49:11 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 86 Here's what my resolv.conf looks like: nameserver 192.168.0.253 search somenet.internal Is this behavior normal? Any thoughts?

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• Download files from a SharePoint site using the RSSBus SSIS Components

  - by dataintegration

  In this article we will show how to use a stored procedure included in the RSSBus SSIS Components for SharePoint to download files from SharePoint. While the article uses the RSSBus SSIS Components for SharePoint, the same process will work for any of our SSIS Components. Step 1: Open Visual Studio and create a new Integration Services Project. Step 2: Add a new Data Flow Task to the Control Flow screen and open the Data Flow Task. Step 3: Add an RSSBus SharePoint Source to the Data Flow Task. Step 4: In the RSSBus SharePoint Source, add a new Connection Manager, and add your credentials for the SharePoint site. Step 5: Now from the Table or View dropdown, choose the name of the Document Library that you are going to back up and close the wizard. Step 6: Add a Script Component to the Data Flow Task and drag an output arrow from the 'RSSBus SharePoint Source' to it. Step 7: Open the Script Component, go to edit the Input Columns, and choose all the columns. Step 8: This will open a new Visual Studio instance, with a project in it. In this project add a reference to the RSSBus.SSIS2008.SharePoint assembly available in the RSSBus SSIS Components for SharePoint installation directory. Step 9: In the 'ScriptMain' class, add the System.Data.RSSBus.SharePoint namespace and go to the 'Input0_ProcessInputRow' method (this method's name may vary depending on the input name in the Script Component). Step 10: In the 'Input0_ProcessInputRow' method, you can add code to use the DownloadDocument stored procedure. Below we show the sample code: String connString = "Offline=False;Password=PASSWORD;User=USER;URL=SHAREPOINT-SITE"; String downloadDir = "C:\\Documents\\"; SharePointConnection conn = new SharePointConnection(connString); SharePointCommand comm = new SharePointCommand("DownloadDocument", conn); comm.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; comm.Parameters.Clear(); String file = downloadDir+Row.LinkFilenameNoMenu.ToString(); comm.Parameters.Add(new SharePointParameter("@File", file)); String list = Row.ServerUrl.ToString().Split('/')[1].ToString(); comm.Parameters.Add(new SharePointParameter("@Library", list)); String remoteFile = Row.LinkFilenameNoMenu.ToString(); comm.Parameters.Add(new SharePointParameter("@RemoteFile", remoteFile)); comm.ExecuteNonQuery(); After saving your changes to the Script Component, you can execute the project and find the downloaded files in the download directory. SSIS Sample Project To help you with getting started using the SharePoint Data Provider within SQL Server SSIS, download the fully functional sample package. You will also need the SharePoint SSIS Connector to make the connection. You can download a free trial here. Note: Before running the demo, you will need to change your connection details in both the 'Script Component' code and the 'Connection Manager'.

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• New features in SQL Prompt 6.4

  - by Tom Crossman

  We’re pleased to announce a new beta version of SQL Prompt. We’ve been trying out a few new core technologies, and used them to add features and bug fixes suggested by users on the SQL Prompt forum and suggestions forum. You can download the SQL Prompt 6.4 beta here (zip file). Let us know what you think! New features Execute current statement In a query window, you can now execute the SQL statement under your cursor by pressing Shift + F5. For example, if you have a query containing two statements and your cursor is placed on the second statement: When you press Shift + F5, only the second statement is executed:   Insert semicolons You can now use SQL Prompt to automatically insert missing semicolons after each statement in a query. To insert semicolons, go to the SQL Prompt menu and click Insert Semicolons. Alternatively, hold Ctrl and press B then C. BEGIN…END block highlighting When you place your cursor over a BEGIN or END keyword, SQL Prompt now automatically highlights the matching keyword: Rename variables and aliases You can now use SQL Prompt to rename all occurrences of a variable or alias in a query. To rename a variable or alias, place your cursor over an instance of the variable or alias you want to rename and press F2: Improved loading dialog box The database loading dialog box now shows actual progress, and you can cancel loading databases:   Single suggestion improvement SQL Prompt no longer suggests keywords if the keyword has been typed and no other suggestions exist. Performance improvement SQL Prompt now has less impact on Management Studio start up time. What do you think? We want to hear your feedback about the beta. If you have any suggestions, or bugs to report, tell us on the SQL Prompt forum or our suggestions forum.

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• Question about a simple design problem

  - by Uri

  At work I stumbled uppon a method. It made a query, and returned a String based on the result of the query, such as de ID of a customer. If the query didn't return a single customer, it'd return a null. Otherwise, it'd return a String with the ID's of them. It looked like this: String error = getOwners(); if (error != null) { throw new Exception("Can't delete, the flat is owned by: " + error); } ... Ignoring the fact that getCustomers() returns a null when it should instead return an empty String, two things are happening here. It checks if the flat is owned by someone, and then returns them. I think a more readable logic would be to do this: if (isOwned) { throw new Exception("Can't delete, the flat is owned by: " + getOwners()); } ... The problem is that the first way does with one query what I do with two queries to the database. What would be a good solution involving good design and efficiency for this?

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• Free online PHP hosting [closed]

  - by Anthony Newman

  Possible Duplicate: How to find web hosting that meets my requirements? I have a PHP script that can take $_GET parameters from a URL (i.e. http://www.example.com/test.php?name=george). I'd like to be able to host this script online so that others can pass parameters to it to obtain the returned data. Anyone know of a free PHP hosting site that would allow for his functionality? (PS: I can't host it myself) Thanks!

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• ldapsearch against Active Directory fails

  - by Guacamole

  I am using ldapsearch from OpenLDAP tools to search our corporate Active Directory for my email and phone number. This query is a test to ensure that I can authenticate against the domain so I can set up a linux wiki with NTLM authentication. My theory is that if I can successfully query the AD for information, then I am a step closer to getting my wiki to authenticate against AD (I have instructions to set up moin wiki under ActiveDirectory). The problem is that I can't seem to get the ldapsearch query right. I have seen many tutorials on the net that indicate that -D should be something like -D "Americas\John_Marsharll"; however, I keep getting ldap_bind: Invalid credentials (49) error messages when I use Americas\John_Marshall. The only time I get sensical results is when I query with the parameters below. However, even then, I can't figure out how to get email and phone number. [John_Marsharll@WN7-BG3YSM1 ~]$ ldapsearch -x -h 10.1.1.1 \ -b "cn=Users,dc=Americas" mail telephonenumber -D "cn=John_Marshall,dc=Americas" # extended LDIF # # LDAPv3 # base <cn=Users,dc=Americas> with scope subtree # filter: (objectclass=*) # requesting: mail telephonenumber -D cn=John_Marshall,dc=Americas # # search result search: 2 result: 32 No such object # numResponses: 1 [John_Marshall@WN7-BG3YSM1 ~]$ Can someone give me pointers on what I'm doing wrong with the ldapsearch query above? Our AD ldap server is 10.1.1.1 and the AD domain is "Americas".

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• dnsmasq local network works for some but hostnames are not resolving for others

  - by prggmr

  I have set up a local network and it seems that some of us can use it properly while others can't. The problem seems to be that the local hostnames I setup don't get resolved for everyone. To overview how the network is setup: I am running an Ubuntu 10.01 server using dnsmasq, this server is setup to act as our primary DNS server, configured via our router. dnsmasq is configured using the options of domain-needed bogus-priv I use the /etc/hosts file to determain the hostnames 192.168.1.10 ra.xsi 192.168.1.10 test.xsi From my machine: If I dig the hostnames they resolve properly ; <<>> DiG 9.4.3-P1 <<>> ra.xsi ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 61671 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;ra.xsi. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: ra.xsi. 0 IN A 192.168.1.10 ;; Query time: 9 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.1.10#53(192.168.1.10) ;; WHEN: Wed Nov 9 12:28:34 2011 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 40 Ping also works: PING ra.xsi (192.168.1.10): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 192.168.1.10: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.834 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.699 ms ^C --- ra.xsi ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.699/0.766/0.834/0.068 ms And login via SSH works using the hostname. For those that cannot connect using hostnames, if I dig from their machine it appears the name is being resolved, but they cannot ping, SSH or http access the hostname. ; <<>> DiG 9.6.0-APPLE-P2 <<>> ra ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 12554 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;ra.xsi. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: ra.xsi. 0 IN A 192.168.1.10 ;; Query time: 8 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.1.10#53(192.168.1.10) ;; WHEN: Wed Nov 9 12:05:50 2011 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 36 I've been banging my head at this and just can't seem to figure it out.

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• Upload Bandwidth usage when you become seed of a torrent

  - by Deepa

  Hi All, I have some basic query regarding Torrent download. Please suggest me the right place of asking this query if this is not the one. When I become the seed and leecher tries to download from my computer, the data from my computer must be uploaded so that it is available to others. Doesn't it affect my upload bandwidth usage? I have posted this query just for curiosity. Thanks and Regards, Deepa

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• Google DNS Same Entry Different Results

  - by Henrik P. Hessel

  Why is this happening? The Rootserver returns a wrong entry I fixed containing 5269.XXX.com. instead of 5269 XXX.com. Macbook @ Home ; <<>> DiG 9.6.0-APPLE-P2 <<>> @8.8.8.8 srv _xmpp-server._tcp.XXX.com. ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 18412 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;_xmpp-server._tcp.XXX.com. IN SRV ;; ANSWER SECTION: _xmpp-server._tcp.XXX.com. 64328 IN SRV 10 0 5269 XXX.com. ;; Query time: 21 msec ;; SERVER: 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8) ;; WHEN: Tue Dec 28 03:16:45 2010 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 86 Rootserver ; <<>> DiG 9.6-ESV-R1 <<>> @8.8.8.8 srv _xmpp-server._tcp.XXX.com. ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 27240 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;_xmpp-server._tcp.XXX.com. IN SRV ;; ANSWER SECTION: _xmpp-server._tcp.XXX.com. 52139 IN SRV 0 10 0 5269.XXX.com. ;; Query time: 7 msec ;; SERVER: 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8) ;; WHEN: Tue Dec 28 03:23:23 2010 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 91

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• OpenWeb(String) method

  - by ybbest

  I guess this is a SharePoint beginner problem ,however it took me a while to figure out what the problem is and I will blog it to help me to remember. Basically I wrote the following code to grab some list item from my SharePoint subsite http://win-oirj50igics/RestAPI,however I got the error stating that : “<nativehr>0×80070002</nativehr><nativestack></nativestack>There is no Web named / http://win-oirj50igics/RestAPI”. The problem is that OpenWeb(String) method returns the web site that is located at the specified server-relative or site-relative URL. It is the relative URL , so after I changed http://win-oirj50igics/RestAPI to RestAPI, everything works fine. using (SPSite site = new SPSite(http://win-oirj50igics/)) { SPWeb web = site.OpenWeb("http://win-oirj50igics/RestAPI"); SPQuery query = new SPQuery(); query.Query = camlDocument.InnerXml; SPListItemCollection items = web.Lists["Songs"].GetItems(query); IEnumerable<Song> sortedItems = from item in items.OfType<SPListItem>() orderby item.Title select new Song {SongName = item.Title, SongID = item.ID}; songs.AddRange(sortedItems); }

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• [EF + Oracle]Object Context

  - by JTorrecilla

  Prologue After EF episodes I and II, we are going to see the Object Context. What is Object Context? It is a class which manages the DB connection, and the different Entities of our model. When Visual Studio creates the EF model, like I explain previously, also generates a Class that extends ObjectContext. ObjectContext provides: - DB connection - Add, update and delete functions. - Object Sets of Entities. - State of Pending Changes. This class will give a function, for each Entity, like  Esta clase va a contar con una función, para cada entidad, del tipo “AddTo{ENTITY}({Entity_Type } value)”, which are going to add a Entity to the related ObjectSet. In addition, it has a property, for each Entity, like “ObjectSet<TEntity> Entity”, does will keep the related record set. It will be filled with the CreateObjectSet<TEntity> function of Base class (ObjectContext). What is an ObjectSet? It is a class that allows us to manage the Entity Set from a Type. It inherits from: · ObjectQuery<TEntity> · IObjectSet<TEntity> · IQueryAble<TEntity · IEnumerable<TEntity · IQueryAble · IEnumerable An ObjectSet is a class property that allows query, insert, delete and update records from a determinate Entity. In following chapters we will see how to query Entities. LazyLoadingEnabled A very important property of the Context is “LazyLoadingEnabled”. This Boolean property lets indicate if the data loading is lazy, in other words, the Object will not be created and query until not be needed. Finally In this post we have seen what the VS generated context is, some of the characteristics, and where to see Entity data. In next chapters we will see, CRUD operations, and how to query ObjectSets.

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• Why do most programming languages only support returning a single value from a function?

  - by M4N

  Is there a reason or an explanation why functions in most(?) programming languages are designed to support any number of input parameters but only one return value? In most languages, it is possible to "work around" that limitation, e.g. by using out-parameters, returning pointers or by defining/returning structs/classes. But it seems strange, that programming languages were not designed to support multiple return values in a more "natural" way.

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• Using Coalesce

  - by Derek Dieter

  The coalesce function is used to find the first non-null value. The function takes limitless number of parameters in order to evaluate the first non null. If all the parameters are null, then COALESCE will also return a NULL value.-- hard coded example SELECT MyValue = COALESCE(NULL, NULL, 'abc', 123)The example above returns back [...]

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