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• MySQL: Pacemaker cannot start the failed master as a new slave?

  - by quanta

  I'm going to setup failover for MySQL replication (1 master and 1 slave) follow this guide: https://github.com/jayjanssen/Percona-Pacemaker-Resource-Agents/blob/master/doc/PRM-setup-guide.rst Here're the output of crm configure show: node serving-6192 \ attributes p_mysql_mysql_master_IP="192.168.6.192" node svr184R-638.localdomain \ attributes p_mysql_mysql_master_IP="192.168.6.38" primitive p_mysql ocf:percona:mysql \ params config="/etc/my.cnf" pid="/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid" socket="/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock" replication_user="repl" replication_passwd="x" test_user="test_user" test_passwd="x" \ op monitor interval="5s" role="Master" OCF_CHECK_LEVEL="1" \ op monitor interval="2s" role="Slave" timeout="30s" OCF_CHECK_LEVEL="1" \ op start interval="0" timeout="120s" \ op stop interval="0" timeout="120s" primitive writer_vip ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 \ params ip="192.168.6.8" cidr_netmask="32" \ op monitor interval="10s" \ meta is-managed="true" ms ms_MySQL p_mysql \ meta master-max="1" master-node-max="1" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="1" notify="true" globally-unique="false" target-role="Master" is-managed="true" colocation writer_vip_on_master inf: writer_vip ms_MySQL:Master order ms_MySQL_promote_before_vip inf: ms_MySQL:promote writer_vip:start property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" \ dc-version="1.0.12-unknown" \ cluster-infrastructure="openais" \ expected-quorum-votes="2" \ no-quorum-policy="ignore" \ stonith-enabled="false" \ last-lrm-refresh="1341801689" property $id="mysql_replication" \ p_mysql_REPL_INFO="192.168.6.192|mysql-bin.000006|338" crm_mon: Last updated: Mon Jul 9 10:30:01 2012 Stack: openais Current DC: serving-6192 - partition with quorum Version: 1.0.12-unknown 2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes 2 Resources configured. ============ Online: [ serving-6192 svr184R-638.localdomain ] Master/Slave Set: ms_MySQL Masters: [ serving-6192 ] Slaves: [ svr184R-638.localdomain ] writer_vip (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr2): Started serving-6192 Editing /etc/my.cnf on the serving-6192 of wrong syntax to test failover and it's working fine: svr184R-638.localdomain being promoted to become the master writer_vip switch to svr184R-638.localdomain Current state: Last updated: Mon Jul 9 10:35:57 2012 Stack: openais Current DC: serving-6192 - partition with quorum Version: 1.0.12-unknown 2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes 2 Resources configured. ============ Online: [ serving-6192 svr184R-638.localdomain ] Master/Slave Set: ms_MySQL Masters: [ svr184R-638.localdomain ] Stopped: [ p_mysql:0 ] writer_vip (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr2): Started svr184R-638.localdomain Failed actions: p_mysql:0_monitor_5000 (node=serving-6192, call=15, rc=7, status=complete): not running p_mysql:0_demote_0 (node=serving-6192, call=22, rc=7, status=complete): not running p_mysql:0_start_0 (node=serving-6192, call=26, rc=-2, status=Timed Out): unknown exec error Remove the wrong syntax from /etc/my.cnf on serving-6192, and restart corosync, what I would like to see is serving-6192 was started as a new slave but it doesn't: Failed actions: p_mysql:0_start_0 (node=serving-6192, call=4, rc=1, status=complete): unknown error Here're snippet of the logs which I'm suspecting: Jul 09 10:46:32 serving-6192 lrmd: [7321]: info: rsc:p_mysql:0:4: start Jul 09 10:46:32 serving-6192 lrmd: [7321]: info: RA output: (p_mysql:0:start:stderr) Error performing operation: The object/attribute does not exist Jul 09 10:46:32 serving-6192 crm_attribute: [7420]: info: Invoked: /usr/sbin/crm_attribute -N serving-6192 -l reboot --name readable -v 0 The full logs: http://fpaste.org/AyOZ/ The strange thing is I can starting it manually: export OCF_ROOT=/usr/lib/ocf export OCF_RESKEY_config="/etc/my.cnf" export OCF_RESKEY_pid="/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid" export OCF_RESKEY_socket="/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock" export OCF_RESKEY_replication_user="repl" export OCF_RESKEY_replication_passwd="x" export OCF_RESKEY_test_user="test_user" export OCF_RESKEY_test_passwd="x" sh -x /usr/lib/ocf/resource.d/percona/mysql start: http://fpaste.org/RVGh/ Did I make something wrong?

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• What's the difference between keepalived and corosync, others?

  - by Matt

  I'm building a failover firewall for a server cluster and started looking at the various options. I'm more familiar with carp on freebsd, but need to use linux for this project. Searching google has produced several different projects, but no clear information about features they provide . CARP gave virtual interfaces that failover, I am not really clear on whether that's what corosync does, or is that what pacemaker does? On the other hand I did get manage to get keepalived working. However, I noted that corosync provides native support for infiniband. This would be useful for me. Perhaps someone could shed some light on the differences between: corosync keepalive pacemaker heartbeat Which product would be the best fit for router failover?

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• PSU requirement question for my PC setup.

  - by user69474

  I understand that sometimes there may be a situation where the PSU is way more than required but in this case of mine, I'm not too sure. Sometimes when I play games, my computer will crash and restarts itself, 10 mins into the game. Once I received a message that says something like the power is overheating or something like that. Ok, so I have a 500W PSU. I have: 1x Internal DVD writer 1x SATA 250GB HD 1x Nvidia 8500 GT 2GB RAM. As I'm planning to get an additional 250GB SATA HD, I wonder if I need to increase my PSU as well -- in full knowledge of the previous crashes experienced before. Should I upgrade my PSU to 650W perhaps, or is that excessive?

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• Ideas for scaling out database architecture

  - by andrew

  We're looking to scale out our existing database architecture and need some advice on which way to go. We currently have 2 web servers behind a load balancer that both read & write to a single master database which replicates to a slave. Ideally, I'd like each of the webservers to point to their own master DB and have the data between the 2 synchronised but from what I've read, using any kind of master-master or ring-replication is discouraged. I'm looking for a general "what do other people do" kind of answer - database vendor isn't a concern at the moment but we'd like to stay with MySQL or convert to MSSQL. Any ideas would be gratefully received. Many thanks, Andrew

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• Performance issue when configuring non HA VM in cluster

  - by laiys

  Hi, I saw this article http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc764243.aspx Quote taken from the link “ Important It is recommended that you not deploy virtual machines that are not highly available on your host clusters. Although you can do this by using Hyper-V (VMM does not allow it), the non-highly available virtual machines will consume resources that otherwise would be available to the HAVMs What kind of resources (CPU,memory, NIC, etc) that non HA VM will consume? Just curious as not all VM (in production) not to be in Failover Cluster and Live Migration. If i put the VM into CSV but did not make it as HA, what impact does it make since i allocate same vCPU, vNic and VMemory into the VM. (not to mention that i lost failover feature). Curious to understand more about this. Please advise. Thanks

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• Dual HDMI input - HD Video Capture Card

  - by Shivan Raptor

  Any suggestion for HD video capture card? Here is my requirements: I need 2 HDMI input for 2 HD Camera the signal captured will be encoded with Adobe Live Encoder (does it support dual input sources? I do not require mixing of 2 sources) the encoding format will be H.264 (720p), then will be sent to Adobe Flash Media Interactive Server for LIVE broadcasting. http://www.blackmagic-design.com/products/intensity/ I found the one above online, but I am not sure about its performance, and it has only 1 HDMI input. If I plug 2 of them into my workstation, will it conflict with each other?

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• All of ESX4 hosts not responding after rebooting vCenter server

  - by hojyokinmo

  Hello I'm constructing 5ESX+a vCenter serv. I'm testing FT on the system. Today vCenter OS (W2008) demanded system reboot. After rebooting vCenter Serv. All of ESX hosts have alert icon. end indicate "not responding" I tried to connect ESX (version 4) hosts to vCenter again. Once they came back normally, but after few seconds ,They turned red again. All of them have ping connection to vCenter serv. There are no red messages in Tusks and events. Two messages are found in Summary of Cluster ·There aren't sufficient resource for HA failover. ·Can't contact primary HA agent. I'm also not able to reset FT configuration because all of VMS aren't accessed from vCenter What should I do?

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• How to handle server failure in an n-tier architecture?

  - by andy

  Imagine I have an n-tier architecture in an auto-scaled cloud environment with say: a load balancer in a failover pair reverse proxy tier web app tier db tier Each tier needs to connect to the instances in the tier below. What are the standard ways of connecting tiers to make them resilient to failure of nodes in each tier? i.e. how does each tier get the IP addresses of each node in the tier below? For example if all reverse proxies should route traffic to all web app nodes, how could they be set up so that they don't send traffic to dead web app nodes, and so that when new web app nodes are brought online they can send traffic to it? I could run an agent that would update all the configs to all the nodes, but it seems inefficient. I could put an LB pair between each tier, so the tier above only needs to connect to the load balancers, but how do I handle the problem of the LBs dying? This just seems to shunt the problem of tier A needing to know the IPs of all nodes in tier B, to all nodes in tier A needing to know the IPs of all LBs between tiers A and B. For some applications, they can implement retry logic if they contact a node in the tier below that doesn't respond, but is there any way that some middleware could direct traffic to only live nodes in the following tier? If I was hosting on AWS I could use an ELB between tiers, but I want to know how I could achieve the same functionality myself. I've read (briefly) about heartbeat and keepalived - are these relevant here? What are the virtual IPs they talk about and how are they managed? Are there still single points of failure using them?

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• Whats the best way to setup an IIS7 Webfarm for an ASP.NET Application

  - by sontek

  We are looking to setup an IIS7 WebFarm... We have 2 IIS7/Windows Server 2008 boxes that will act as the load balanced webservers. How do you setup IIS/Windows Server 2008 to handle balancing the requests between the 2 servers? What is the best way to sync deployments so we only have to deploy to 1 place. Can we just have them sync their structures or do we have to use a NAS/Network Share?

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• 1080p playback on external monitor

  - by xibalban

  My system (netbook) specs: 1.6 GHz dual core atom N2600 2 GB DDR3 RAM Integrated GMA3600 GPU Win 7 Professional 32 Bit Daum Pot Player V-1.5 The issue: I downloaded a 1.33 GB sized 1920 x 1080 HD documentary (file extension: mp4) and it plays without a hitch using pot player. However, when I connected an external display (an LED Full HD 24" monitor) using D-Sub, the video plays fine but the player controls become very unresponsive. For instance, it takes about 40 seconds to exit full screen while playing. I tried: Installed/updated all the latest monitor drivers Updated the VGA drivers for GMA3600 No other programs ran while the video played, with most unwanted services and background processes disabled/killed. CPU usage goes only up to 49% when the video plays Question: What may I do in order to improve the player response/video playback experience? Do I need to play with (or change) Pot Player's default video decoders, etc?

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• Configuring HAProxy with memcache with failover

  - by Lawrie Matthews

  I'm configuring a new set of servers for an existing Wordpress site, and it's been requested that memcache be available and made more resilient. The idea proposed is to have HAProxy send requests to one of the two servers; if that memcache instance is inaccessible, then it should switch to the second, but should not switch back to the first if it comes back up unless the second is then unavailable. This doesn't appear to be a particularly common use case and I've not found much along these lines except to possibly set up the first node with an enormous rise value, such as: server server1 10.112.58.16:11211 check inter 5s fall 3 rise 99999999 server server2 10.112.58.19:11211 check backup which falls over as expected when server1 is unavailable. It won't ever fall back to server1, though, even if server2 goes offline. Can this be made to work?

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• Avoiding DNS timeouts when a dns server fails

  - by Neil Katin

  We have a small datacenter with about a hundred hosts pointing to 3 internal dns servers (bind 9). Our problem comes when one of the internal dns servers becomes unavailable. At that point all the clients that point to that server start performing very slowly. The problem seems to be that the stock linux resolver doesn't really have the concept of "failing over" to a different dns server. You can adjust the timeout and number of retries it uses, (and set rotate so it will work through the list), but no matter what settings one uses our services perform much more slowly if a primary dns server becomes unavailable. At the moment this is one of the largest sources of service disruptions for us. My ideal answer would be something like "RTFM: tweak /etc/resolv.conf like this...", but if that's an option I haven't seen it. I was wondering how other folks handled this issue? I can see 3 possible types of solutions: Use linux-ha/Pacemaker and failover ips (so the dns IP VIPs are "always" available). Alas, we don't have a good fencing infrastructure, and without fencing pacemaker doesn't work very well (in my experience Pacemaker lowers availability without fencing). Run a local dns server on each node, and have resolv.conf point to localhost. This would work, but it would give us a lot more services to monitor and manage. Run a local cache on each node. Folks seem to consider nscd "broken", but dnrd seems to have the right feature set: it marks dns servers as up or down, and won't use 'down' dns servers. Any-casting seems to work only at the ip routing level, and depends on route updates for server failure. Multi-casting seemed like it would be a perfect answer, but bind does not support broadcasting or multi-casting, and the docs I could find seem to suggest that multicast dns is more aimed at service discovery and auto-configuration rather than regular dns resolving. Am I missing an obvious solution?

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• Cross-platform distributed fault-tolerant (disconnected operation/local cache) filesystem

  - by Adrian Frühwirth

  We are facing a design "challenge" where we are required to set up a storage solution with the following properties: What we need HA a scalable storage backend offline/disconnected operation on the client to account for network outages cross-platform access client-side access from certainly Windows (probably XP upwards), possibly Linux backend integrates with AD/LDAP (permission management (user/group management, ...)) should work reasonably well over slow WAN-links Another problem is that we don't really know all possible use cases here, if people need to be able to have concurrent access to shared files or if they will only be accessing their own files, so a possible solution needs to account for concurrent access and how conflict management would look in this case from a user's point of view. This two years old blog posts sums up the impression that I have been getting during the last couple of days of research, that there are lots of current übercool projects implementing (non-Windows) clustered petabyte-capable blob-storage solutions but that there is none that supports disconnected operation nicely and natively, but I am hoping that we have missed an obvious solution. What we have tried OpenAFS We figured that we want a distributed network filesystem with a local cache and tested OpenAFS (which, as the only currently "stable" DFS supporting disconnected operation, seemed the way to go) for a week but there are several problems with it: it's a real pain to set up there are no official RHEL/CentOS packages the package of the current stable version 1.6.5.1 from elrepo randomly kernel panics on fresh installs, this is an absolute no-go Windows support (including the required Kerberos packages) is mystical. The current client for the 1.6 branch does not run on Windows 8, the current client for the 1.7 does but it just randomly crashes. After that experience we didn't even bother testing on XP and Windows 7. Suffice to say, we couldn't get it working and the whole setup has been so unstable and complicated to setup that it's just not an option for production. Samba + Unison Since OpenAFS was a complete disaster and no other DFS seems to support disconnected operation we went for a simpler idea that would sync files against a Samba server using Unison. This has the following advantages: Samba integrates with ADs; it's a pain but can be done. Samba solves the problem of remotely accessing the storage from Windows but introduces another SPOF and does not address the actual storage problem. We could probably stick any clustered FS underneath Samba, but that means we need a HA Samba setup on top of that to maintain HA which probably adds a lot of additional complexity. I vaguely remember trying to implement redundancy with Samba before and I could not silently failover between servers. Even when online, you are working with local files which will result in more conflicts than would be necessary if a local cache were only touched when disconnected It's not automatic. We cannot expect users to manually sync their files using the (functional, but not-so-pretty) GTK GUI on a regular basis. I attempted to semi-automate the process using the Windows task scheduler, but you cannot really do it in a satisfactory way. On top of that, the way Unison works makes syncing against Samba a costly operation, so I am afraid that it just doesn't scale very well or even at all. Samba + "Offline Files" After that we became a little desparate and gave Windows "offline files" a chance. We figured that having something that is inbuilt into the OS would reduce administrative efforts, helps blaming someone else when it's not working properly and should just work since people have been using this for years. Right? Wrong. We really wanted it to work, but it just doesn't. 30 minutes of copying files around and unplugging network cables/disabling network interfaces left us with (silent! there is only a tiny notification in Windows explorer in the statusbar, which doesn't even open Sync Center if you click on it!) undeletable files on the server (!) and conflicts that should not even be conflicts. In the end, we had one successful sync of a tiny text file, everything else just exploded horribly. Beyond that, there are other problems: Microsoft admits that "offline files" in Windows XP cannot cope with "large files" and therefore does not cache/sync them at all which would mean those files become unavailable if the connection drop In Windows 7 the feature is only available in the Professional/Ultimate/Enterprise editions. Summary Unless there is another fault-tolerant DFS that supports Windows natively I assume that stacking a HA Samba cluster on top of something like GlusterFS/Lustre/whatnot is the only option, but I hope that I am wrong here. How do other companies allow fault-tolerant network access to redundant storage in a heterogeneous environment with Windows?

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• How do I replace the screen of a Dell Inspiron 1545?

  - by Ajus10

  I got a new screen for a Dell Inspiron 1545. The old screen says Dell Inspiron 1545 LP156WH1 (TL)(C1?) HD and the new one says Dell Inspiron 1545 LP156WH1 (TL)(C1?) LCD Does that make a difference? All I can get to work on the new screen is the backlight. The old screen had a crack. Now when I plug the old one in, it will not turn on at all. Could I have blown the inverter or messed up the cable?

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• Flash player, HD videos and games are choppy

  - by Aimad Majdou

  I have a problem with flash player. HD videos from Youtube or Vimeo and flash games do not play smoothly. I'm using Flash player 11, Windows 7 Sp1, and my graphic card is Intel GMA 4500. Device Manager shows me that all drivers are installed on my computer, so i don't have any problems with drivers. When I run Google chrome, Resource Monitor shows me 15% ~ 40 % of CPU Usage and 40% used Physical Memory, but when I watch a video on Youtube or play a Flash game, the Resource Monitor shows 70% - 90% CPU Usage. Also, when I run some HD Video (Frame width : 1920, Frame height : 1080) on my computer, Device Manager shows me 80% ~ 100% of CPU Usage. before I Reinstall Windows 7, HD Videos and flash games were play smoothly I hadn't any problem with them !! I hope all these informations are enough to answer my question.

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• RabbitMQ - How I do configure servers for zero-downtime upgrades?

  - by Terence Johnson

  Having read through the docs and RabbitMQ in Action, creating a RabbitMQ cluster seems straightforward enough, but upgrading or patching an existing RabbitMQ cluster seems to require the whole cluster to be restarted. Is there a way to combine clustering, shovel, federation, and load balancing to make a rolling upgrade possible without losing queues or messages, or have I missed something slightly more obvious?

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• unable to destroy windows 2008 r2 failover cluster after SAN rebuild

  - by Zack

  I created a windows 2008 r2 failover cluster for a sql 2008 active/passive cluster. This two node cluster was using a SAN device for a quorum disk resource as well as MSDTC resource. Well....I decided to reconfigure the SAN device, but I didn't destroy the cluster first. Now that the quorum disk and mstdc disk are completely gone, the cluster is obviously not working. But, I can't even destroy the cluster and start again. I've tried from the Windows Clustering tool, as well as the command line. I was able to get the cluster service to start using the "/fixquorum" parameter. After doing this I was able to remove the passive node from the cluster, but it wouldn't let me destroy the cluster because the default resource group and msdtc are still attached as resources. I tried to delete these resources from both the GUI tool, as well as command line. It will either freeze for several minutes and crash the program, or once it even BSOD'd the server. Can someone advise on how to destroy this cluster so I can start over?

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• How to setup heartbeat for IP fail over on SSH failure

  - by Tony

  I wonder if anyone can help me, I am trying to setup heartbeat on a redhat 5 to failover an IP address when ssh stops responding on a server. So basically you ssh to a VIP and then get put through which ever server has the floating ip. 192.168.0.100 | | /------------------------\ | /------------------------\ | Server 01 | | | Server 02 | | eth0 - 192.168.0.1 |-----/ | eth0 - 192.168.0.2 | | eth0:0 - 192.168.0.100 | | eth0:0 - down | \------------------------/ \------------------------/ if ssh stops responding i want eth0:0 to be brought up on the second machine to allow ssh connections to carry on being served. I have tried to follow some documents I have found online so here is my current configuration: ha.cf bcast eth0 keepalive 2 warntime 10 deadtime 30 initdead 120 udpport 694 auto_failback off node vm-bal01 node vm-bal02 debugfile /var/log/ha-debug logfile /var/log/ha-log authkeys auth 1 1 sha1 sshhhsecret1234 haresources server01 192.168.0.100/24/eth0:0/192.168.0.255 Hope someone can help as this is driving me nuts...

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• HAProxy MySQL Failover is not starting

  - by thiesdiggity

  I am trying to setup HAProxy with MySQL failover with Ubuntu. I used a setup similar to this serverfault question, however I am getting the following error when starting haproxy: [ALERT] 341/220001 (17405) : parsing [/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg:29] : unknown option 'mysql-check'. [ALERT] 341/220001 (17405) : Error(s) found in configuration file : /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg [ALERT] 341/220001 (17405) : Fatal errors found in configuration. I even tried installing the lastest version of HAProxy (1.4.22). Does anyone know how to fix this? I have Google'd the heck out of it and can't find any solution. Thanks for your time!

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• Stability, x86 Vs Sparc

  - by Jason T

  Our project are plan to migrate from Sparc to x86, and our HA requirement is 99.99%, previous on Sparc, we assume the hardware stability would like, hardware failure every 4 month or even one year, and also we have test data for our application, then we have requirement for each unplanned recovery (fail over) to achieve 99.99% (52.6 minutes unplanned downtime per year). But since we are going to use Intel x86, it seems the hardware stability is not so good as Sparc, but we don't have the detail data. So compare with Sparc, how about the stability of the Intel x86, should we assume we have more unplanned downtime? If so, how many, double? Where I can find some more detail of this two type of hardware?

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• Drbd Primary/Primary + iSCSI: accessing to different files avoids split brain?

  - by Eddie C.

  I have a question / curiosity about split-brain on a Drbd Primary/Primary configuration. Supposing two nodes (hosts), host1 and host2 configured with Drbd Primary/Primary and two different shares (NFS, CIFS o iSCSI) of a replicated area (saying /drbd) /drbd/file1.data /drbd/file2.data If a pool of client would access only by host1 share reading and wrinting only file1.data and another pool only by host2 share to file2.data, this scenario should avoid split brain situation in case of one node failure or it's just a conjecture? The final purpose is load balance between the two nodes in normal condition and collapsing to one node only in case of failure. Thank you! Eddie

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• HAProxy NGInx SSL setup

  - by Niclas

  I've been looking around different setups for a server cluster supporting SSL and I would like to benchmark my idea with you. Requirements: All servers in the cluster should be under the same full domain name. (http and https) Routing to subsystems is done on URI matching in HA proxy. All URIs have support for SSL support. Wish: Centralizing routing rules ---<----http-----<-- | | Inet -->HA--+---https--->NGInx_SSL_1..N | | +---http---> Apache_1..M | +---http---> NodeJS Idea: Configure HA to route all SSL traffic (mode=tcp,algorithm=Source) to an NGInx cluster turning https traffic into http. Re-pass the http traffic from NGInx to the HA for normal load-balancing which performs load balancing based on HA config. My question is simply: Is this the best way to to configure based on requirements above?

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• Optimize php-fpm and varnish for a powerfull server

  - by Jim

  My setup is: Intel® Core™ i7-2600 and RAM 16 GB DDR3 RAM varnish+nginx+php-fpm+apc for a not very heavy WordPress blog with W3 Total Cache and CDN My problem is that after 55 hits per second according to blitz.io varnish starts giving out timeouts. CPU usage at this time is hardly 1%. Free memory at all time remains 10GB+. I tried benchmarking php-fpm directly with result of 150hits/s without any timeouts. But after that the CPU usage goes 100% and it stops responding. Can you help me optimize it to handle more? As i understand nginx has nothing to do over here so i dont put its config. php-fpm config listen = /tmp/php5-fpm.sock listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1 user = nginx group = nginx pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 150 pm.start_servers = 7 pm.min_spare_servers = 2 pm.max_spare_servers = 15 pm.max_requests = 500 slowlog = /var/log/php-fpm/www-slow.log php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/php-fpm/www-error.log php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on apc extension = apc.so apc.enabled=1 apc.shm_size=512MB apc.num_files_hint=0 apc.user_entries_hint=0 apc.ttl=7200 apc.use_request_time=1 apc.user_ttl=7200 apc.gc_ttl=3600 apc.cache_by_default=1 apc.filters apc.mmap_file_mask=/tmp/apc.XXXXXX apc.file_update_protection=2 apc.enable_cli=0 apc.max_file_size=1M apc.stat=1 apc.stat_ctime=0 apc.canonicalize=0 apc.write_lock=1 apc.report_autofilter=0 apc.rfc1867=0 apc.rfc1867_prefix =upload_ apc.rfc1867_name=APC_UPLOAD_PROGRESS apc.rfc1867_freq=0 apc.rfc1867_ttl=3600 apc.include_once_override=0 apc.lazy_classes=0 apc.lazy_functions=0 apc.coredump_unmap=0 apc.file_md5=0 apc.preload_path Varnish VCL backend default { .host = "127.0.0.1"; .port = "8080"; .connect_timeout = 6s; .first_byte_timeout = 6s; .between_bytes_timeout = 60s; } acl purgehosts { "localhost"; "127.0.0.1"; } # Called after a document has been successfully retrieved from the backend. sub vcl_fetch { # Uncomment to make the default cache "time to live" is 5 minutes, handy # but it may cache stale pages unless purged. (TODO) # By default Varnish will use the headers sent to it by Apache (the backend server) # to figure out the correct TTL. # WP Super Cache sends a TTL of 3 seconds, set in wp-content/cache/.htaccess set beresp.ttl = 24h; # Strip cookies for static files and set a long cache expiry time. if (req.url ~ "\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|css|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|pdf|txt|tar|wav|bmp|rtf|js|flv|swf|html|htm)$") { unset beresp.http.set-cookie; set beresp.ttl = 24h; } # If WordPress cookies found then page is not cacheable if (req.http.Cookie ~"(wp-postpass|wordpress_logged_in|comment_author_)") { # set beresp.cacheable = false;#versions less than 3 #beresp.ttl>0 is cacheable so 0 will not be cached set beresp.ttl = 0s; } else { #set beresp.cacheable = true; set beresp.ttl=24h;#cache for 24hrs } # Varnish determined the object was not cacheable #if ttl is not > 0 seconds then it is cachebale if (!beresp.ttl > 0s) { # set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "NO:Not Cacheable"; } else if ( req.http.Cookie ~"(wp-postpass|wordpress_logged_in|comment_author_)" ) { # You don't wish to cache content for logged in users set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "NO:Got Session"; return(hit_for_pass); #previously just pass but changed in v3+ } else if ( beresp.http.Cache-Control ~ "private") { # You are respecting the Cache-Control=private header from the backend set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "NO:Cache-Control=private"; return(hit_for_pass); } else if ( beresp.ttl < 1s ) { # You are extending the lifetime of the object artificially set beresp.ttl = 300s; set beresp.grace = 300s; set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "YES:Forced"; } else { # Varnish determined the object was cacheable set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "YES"; if (beresp.status == 404 || beresp.status >= 500) { set beresp.ttl = 0s; } # Deliver the content return(deliver); } sub vcl_hash { # Each cached page has to be identified by a key that unlocks it. # Add the browser cookie only if a WordPress cookie found. if ( req.http.Cookie ~"(wp-postpass|wordpress_logged_in|comment_author_)" ) { #set req.hash += req.http.Cookie; hash_data(req.http.Cookie); } } # vcl_recv is called whenever a request is received sub vcl_recv { # remove ?ver=xxxxx strings from urls so css and js files are cached. # Watch out when upgrading WordPress, need to restart Varnish or flush cache. set req.url = regsub(req.url, "\?ver=.*$", ""); # Remove "replytocom" from requests to make caching better. set req.url = regsub(req.url, "\?replytocom=.*$", ""); remove req.http.X-Forwarded-For; set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip; # Exclude this site because it breaks if cached if ( req.http.host == "sr.ituts.gr" ) { return( pass ); } # Serve objects up to 2 minutes past their expiry if the backend is slow to respond. set req.grace = 120s; # Strip cookies for static files: if (req.url ~ "\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|css|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|pdf|txt|tar|wav|bmp|rtf|js|flv|swf|html|htm)$") { unset req.http.Cookie; return(lookup); } # Remove has_js and Google Analytics __* cookies. set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "(^|;\s*)(__[a-z]+|has_js)=[^;]*", ""); # Remove a ";" prefix, if present. set req.http.Cookie = regsub(req.http.Cookie, "^;\s*", ""); # Remove empty cookies. if (req.http.Cookie ~ "^\s*$") { unset req.http.Cookie; } if (req.request == "PURGE") { if (!client.ip ~ purgehosts) { error 405 "Not allowed."; } #previous version ban() was purge() ban("req.url ~ " + req.url + " && req.http.host == " + req.http.host); error 200 "Purged."; } # Pass anything other than GET and HEAD directly. if (req.request != "GET" && req.request != "HEAD") { return( pass ); } /* We only deal with GET and HEAD by default */ # remove cookies for comments cookie to make caching better. set req.http.cookie = regsub(req.http.cookie, "1231111111111111122222222333333=[^;]+(; )?", ""); # never cache the admin pages, or the server-status page, or your feed? you may want to..i don't if (req.request == "GET" && (req.url ~ "(wp-admin|bb-admin|server-status|feed)")) { return(pipe); } # don't cache authenticated sessions if (req.http.Cookie && req.http.Cookie ~ "(wordpress_|PHPSESSID)") { return(lookup); } # don't cache ajax requests if(req.http.X-Requested-With == "XMLHttpRequest" || req.url ~ "nocache" || req.url ~ "(control.php|wp-comments-post.php|wp-login.php|bb-login.php|bb-reset-password.php|register.php)") { return (pass); } return( lookup ); } Varnish Daemon options DAEMON_OPTS="-a :80 \ -T 127.0.0.1:6082 \ -f /etc/varnish/ituts.vcl \ -u varnish -g varnish \ -S /etc/varnish/secret \ -p thread_pool_add_delay=2 \ -p thread_pools=8 \ -p thread_pool_min=100 \ -p thread_pool_max=1000 \ -p session_linger=50 \ -p session_max=150000 \ -p sess_workspace=262144 \ -s malloc,5G" Im not sure where to start, should i for start optimize php-fpm and then go to varnish or php-fpm is at its max right now so i should start looking for the problem in varnish?

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• Server and Application architecture for large outgoing email volume.

  - by Ezequiel

  Hi, we need to develop an application to send large amount of emails (newsletters) We estimate 15 millions of emails per month (6 - 10 emails per seconds). Would you recommend me the proper architecture for this application? should we have several MTA agents and use them in a round robin fashion? What considerations should we take on account to not being treated as spammers (its really not spam what we are going to send). Thanks for your help. Ezequiel

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• distributed, fault-tolerant network block device

  - by gucki

  I'm looking for a distributed, fault-tolerant network storage system which exposes block devices (not filesystems) on the clients. A client's block device should write simultaneously to several storage nodes A client's block device should not fail as long as not all storage nodes backing it went down The master should automatically redistribute storages' data when a storage node fails or gets added/ removed A single master (which is for metadata only) is fine So ideally the architecture would be very similar to moosefs (http://www.moosefs.org/) but instead of exposing a real filesystem mounted using a fuse client it'd expose block devices on the clients. I know of iscsi and drbd but both don't seem to offer what I'm looking for. Or am I missing something?

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