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  • convert bitmap to byte array

    - by narasimha
    hi 437400a8-1-40-1-32016747073700110010100-1-370670967876987810109111322151312121327202116223229343432293131364052443638493931314561454953555858583543636863566752575855-1-37067110101013121326151526553731375555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555-1-640178010401043134021713171-1-600270103031000000000002461375-1-6004716022133244700000001234517336184919-127203465817505111366829798-111-95-79-1-600241111110000000000001234-1-6003217110222230000000001217318433506581113-95-1-380123102173170630-16-480094-43116-84-8341-30-84-72118-4865250106-2-80-97-121-2-11836-5741-108-362116-43101-966-102974345-787448-12486-1877-87316379-54-71-58112-109-116-94-98279102-97-36-767534-11711311444-57-56-82859384-100399-83-100100-68-90-114-788678118-394344-108-895754-274161-37111-53108-11938-11-2005010612210612546-764577107-107-36-1125-61-7319-78-51-109107-26-287-37-5284119-25126-26-749476-79-116115-19-107-102-7795-33-46-2402764-47-1214100-15-6-10918-105-115-127-1097069-111-123-16-50-9051-8367127-10291-65-53-78-35-18-66-36-103-6499-1099-982327-107979107-473-22-672780-23-5595-4581-4550-18-57-7598-37101-72-79-107-10885-77-39-42-92-72-114-41194622-4108-49200-29-30-8-40-8-8116-58-19114-6907-91073-6210617-101-116-10836-3882-37-122-41-97-6-120-128000-1089941-67-952339-7712337-6511-1064640000000105-11110-85-114-95-46-409042-45-24-86120-8355-10726-32-91110-5-9111-7686-33-63-54123-66-3411951024-29-29-57-11410724-74-2002764-77-127-97-107-899159112-81-9951-78-71854171-21945-92-67-478818-55102-88010000-7386116-85-45111-63-1249-2727-84-115-114-3986-99-111-19-33-120-53-24-98-4-94-9538-2-64080000-73-101-1212890-79108-1149461-18-6-677126-92-37-87-18-41108-72-31-15-65-7145-110-2484020000005949-20-12111-82-5724-53-7873-1956-8739-5-89-28852-29-61771251215652-99109-81105-38-1010261-7086-10594-97858542-278-5911146-33-10645-75-3-11843111-90-49-49-1095499-11344-78-5892-90-81-32-960-40000000090-44-79106-61-55-12-88-52-894629-111-105-8578-3-69-76-10192-8141-15-2077-5-48-86040000114-4594836411202-26-103-90102-22-7149-57-45-15-84-66-42-46645-19-5-3-118-41851012258-18-82117-393149-10090107-39-9771-89117-20-2-100-49121-685-118-68-98-5754145-4679-493031-70107-3398-10611885-103-39-73-27-35-6-105-394337-53124-73-65-43-73-289-119-33-67-33-59125105-48054-1280000011075980-53-446115-116-71-37-16-12-58-102-7373118-62622301982-35-118-962-12800015-1-39 this resultfor bytearray its not true how can implement byte array please some solution

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  • Blob byte array in XML to Image

    - by Rayvr
    Hi, I am getting a XML File to generate a preview, in a format like this: <PARAM> <LABEL>Preview 16x16</LABEL> <ID>{03F5C6D3-ABCD-4889-B3AA-C3524C62FA1C}</ID> <LAYER>-1</LAYER> <VALUE> <BLOB> /9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wBDAAUDBAQEAwUEBAQFBQUGBwwIBwcHBw8LCwkMEQ8S EhEPERETFhwXExQaFRERGCEYGh0dHx8fExciJCIeJBweHx7/2wBDAQUFBQcGBw4ICA4eFBEU Hh4eHh4eHh4eHh4eHh4eHh4eHh4eHh4eHh4eHh4eHh4eHh4eHh4eHh4eHh4eHh4eHh7/wAAR CAAOABADASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAHwAAAQUBAQEBAQEAAAAAAAAAAAECAwQFBgcICQoL/8QAtRAA AgEDAwIEAwUFBAQAAAF9AQIDAAQRBRIhMUEGE1FhByJxFDKBkaEII0KxwRVS0fAkM2JyggkK FhcYGRolJicoKSo0NTY3ODk6Q0RFRkdISUpTVFVWV1hZWmNkZWZnaGlqc3R1dnd4eXqDhIWG h4iJipKTlJWWl5iZmqKjpKWmp6ipqrKztLW2t7i5usLDxMXGx8jJytLT1NXW19jZ2uHi4+Tl 5ufo6erx8vP09fb3+Pn6/8QAHwEAAwEBAQEBAQEBAQAAAAAAAAECAwQFBgcICQoL/8QAtREA AgECBAQDBAcFBAQAAQJ3AAECAxEEBSExBhJBUQdhcRMiMoEIFEKRobHBCSMzUvAVYnLRChYk NOEl8RcYGRomJygpKjU2Nzg5OkNERUZHSElKU1RVVldYWVpjZGVmZ2hpanN0dXZ3eHl6goOE hYaHiImKkpOUlZaXmJmaoqOkpaanqKmqsrO0tba3uLm6wsPExcbHyMnK0tPU1dbX2Nna4uPk 5ebn6Onq8vP09fb3+Pn6/9oADAMBAAIRAxEAPwDP+IXxH+Ilr4/1DRrLxZqUrjUTbMLKdtsz eZgLCgHyDHy4GSeee9dT4Z8G/FjxHrmla3Y3bRlRtl1iW9ztGTnlXLS47YG0nrXQa78Bda07 U7jXNM1nS9yGVhJLHJvk8wkEkchWAYjcuDzxggGuB8K6v49i8X28Wg+IodMkaUQFI4sQSEt1 eM5B42qOPlVVVcAV5M8NKdSMW/cV3vrfXyb/AB/I+4+sVUnPCUVeyV3Z3010923krdPU/9k= </BLOB> </VALUE> </PARAM> I need to convert the <BLOB> section into an Image. I access the Element Value like this: string clean = valueC.ElementAt(0).Value.Replace("\t", string.Empty).Replace("\n", string.Empty); I've tried to read it into a MemoryStream and convert to Image: MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(blob, 0, blob.Length); ms.Write(blob, 0, blob.Length); Image i = Image.FromStream(ms); In this way I get "Parameter not valid exception" at getting the Image. I've also tried to save it directly into a File: using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(label + ".jpg", FileMode.Create)) { fs.Write(blob, 0, blob.Length); } But when I try to open the generated file, displays a message about damage in it. I know that encoding is important, I've already tried ASCII, UTF-8, UTF-7 and this: BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter(); MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); bf.Serialize(ms, clean); ms.Seek(0, 0); byte[] blob = ms.ToArray(); I dont know what else to do. I'll appreciate if somebody can help me. Thanks

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  • Loading saved byte array to memory stream causes out of memory exception

    - by user2320861
    At some point in my program the user selects a bitmap to use as the background image of a Panel object. When the user does this, the program immediately draws the panel with the background image and everything works fine. When the user clicks "Save", the following code saves the bitmap to a DataTable object. MyDataSet.MyDataTableRow myDataRow = MyDataSet.MyDataTableRow.NewMyDataTableRow(); //has a byte[] column named BackgroundImageByteArray using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream()) { this.Panel.BackgroundImage.Save(stream, ImageFormat.Bmp); myDataRow.BackgroundImageByteArray = stream.ToArray(); } Everything works fine, there is no out of memory exception with this stream, even though it contains all the image bytes. However, when the application launches and loads saved data, the following code throws an Out of Memory Exception: using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(myDataRow.BackGroundImageByteArray)) { this.Panel.BackgroundImage = Image.FromStream(stream); } The streams are the same length. I don't understand how one throws an out of memory exception and the other doesn't. How can I load this bitmap? P.S. I've also tried using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(myDataRow.BackgroundImageByteArray.Length)) { stream.Write(myDataRow.BackgroundImageByteArray, 0, myDataRow.BackgroundImageByteArray.Length); //throw OoM exception here. }

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  • youtube video downloaed succesfully on local, but on server(online) only 0 byte flv is downloading

    - by I Like PHP
    i m using php tube class to download youtube video. Video is automatically downloaded in a folder by submitting youtube video url. everything is working fine on local (XAMPP), but when i upload this to server(online), THEN ONLY 0 byte flv file is saved. i also debug the code both side( local and global ). i get the url like this( on local) http://www.youtube.com/get_video?video_id=1jNWCFwqPvM&=vjVQa1PpcFMyYCECyfmYENWklpwXGyhVgJpSFPgNAEc%3D whereas on server i got link like this http://www.youtube.com/ get_video?video_id=1jNWCFwqPvM&t=vjVQa1PpcFNS3SPxIXi8hy-NF4qZFFrScDXCjGLLrLc%3D when i copy the link getting from local and paste on browser then a download box appear on browser, whereas when i copy the link getting from server and paste on browser then only a blank page appears please solve my problem, where is the error??? how to know that pear is installed or not on server? on server side sometimes i get link like http://www.youtube.com/get_video?video_id=1jNWCFwqPvM&t=vjVQa1PpcFNS3SPxIXi8hy-NF4qZFFrScDXCjGLLrLc%3D but sometimes i get only http://www.youtube.com/get_video?video_id=&t= please guide me how to solve these? Thanks in advance to all my seniors

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  • C++, using one byte to store two variables

    - by 2di
    Hi All I am working on representation of the chess board, and I am planning to store it in 32 bytes array, where each byte will be used to store two pieces. (That way only 4 bits are needed per piece) Doing it in that way, results in a overhead for accessing particular index of the board. Do you think that, this code can be optimised or completely different method of accessing indexes can be used? c++ char getPosition(unsigned char* c, int index){ //moving pointer c+=(index>>1); //odd number if (index & 1){ //taking right part return *c & 0xF; }else { //taking left part return *c>>4; } } void setValue(unsigned char* board, char value, int index){ //moving pointer board+=(index>>1); //odd number if (index & 1){ //replace right part //save left value only 4 bits *board = (*board & 0xF0) + value; }else { //replacing left part *board = (*board & 0xF) + (value<<4); } } int main() { char* c = (char*)malloc(32); for (int i = 0; i < 64 ; i++){ setValue((unsigned char*)c, i % 8,i); } for (int i = 0; i < 64 ; i++){ cout<<(int)getPosition((unsigned char*)c, i)<<" "; if (((i+1) % 8 == 0) && (i > 0)){ cout<<endl; } } return 0; } I am equally interested in your opinions regarding chess representations, and optimisation of the method above, as a stand alone problem. Thanks a lot

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  • Hashing 11 byte unique ID to 32 bits or less

    - by MoJo
    I am looking for a way to reduce a 11 byte unique ID to 32 bits or fewer. I am using an Atmel AVR microcontroller that has the ID number burned in at the factory, but because it has to be transmitted very often in a very low power system I want to reduce the length down to 4 bytes or fewer. The ID is guaranteed unique for every microcontroller. It is made up of data from the manufacturing process, basically the coordinates of the silicone on the wafer and the production line that was used. They look like this: 304A34393334-16-11001000 314832383431-0F-09000C00 Obviously the main danger is that by reducing these IDs they become non-unique. Unfortunately I don't have a large enough sample size to test how unique these numbers are. Having said that because there will only be tens of thousands of devices in use and there is secondary information that can be used to help identify them (such as their approximate location, known at the time of communication) collisions might not be too much of an issue if they are few and far between. Is something like MD5 suitable for this? My concern is that the data being hashed is very short, just 11 bytes. Do hash functions work reliably on such short data?

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  • In a multithreaded app, would a multi-core or multiprocessor arrangement be better?

    - by Michael
    I've read a lot on this topic already both here (e.g., stackoverflow.com/questions/1713554/threads-processes-vs-multithreading-multi-core-multiprocessor-how-they-are or http://stackoverflow.com/questions/680684/multi-cpu-multi-core-and-hyper-thread) and elsewhere (e.g., ixbtlabs.com/articles2/cpu/rmmt-l2-cache.html or software.intel.com/en-us/articles/multi-core-introduction/), but I still am not sure about a couple things that seem very straightforward. So I thought I'd just ask. (1) Is a multi-core processor in which each core has dedicated cache effectively the same as a multiprocessor system (balanced of course for processor speed, cache size, and so on)? (2) Let's say I have some images to analyze (i.e., computer vision), and I have these images loaded into RAM. My app spawns a thread for each image that needs to be analyzed. Will this app on a shared cache multi-core processor run slower than on a dedicated cache multi-core processor, and would the latter run at the same speed as on an equivalent single-core multiprocessor machine? Thank you for the help!

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  • Invalid BOOT.INI (dual boot XP with 7)

    - by Muxa
    I had Windows XP x64 as my main system, and i also had a second partition with Windows XP x64. Both booted from first partition (C:) I then installed Windows 7 Ultimate on the first partition. I've added NTLDR using BCDRDIT. I've also copied NTLDR, NTDETECT.COM and BOOT.INI onto the drive where XP remained. However then i try to boot into Windows XP x64 i get Invalid BOOT.INI file Booting from c:\windows\ NTDETECT failed I found instructions on how to fix it using a boot disk, however the partitions are on a software RAID. I've tried to boot from a customized XP CD with the drivers, however it does not offer me a Repair option for some reason - just setup. Partitions that i have:'= System Reserved Main (Windows 7) Secondary (Windows XP x64) Here's the contents of my BOOT.INI: [boot loader] timeout=30 default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(3)\WINDOWS [operating systems] multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(3)\WINDOWS="Windows XP Professional x64 Edition" /fastdetect

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  • Mutli-processor workstation as a workstation/server

    - by posdef
    I work in a research institute and a number of programs we use are computationally intensive (I actually wrote one of them). Right now we have one computer that is dedicated for one of these programs (with local accounts only, as in users physically sitting in front of that pc) and the other programs are run on individual workstations assigned to people. I have been looking around to common brands such as Dell and HP, for a some sort of a small/medium scale server, which can be used as a workhorse by sending tasks remotely. It appears as if there is nothing in between workstations with one 6-core processor and a bunch of extras (like fancy graphics etc) and rack mount servers with ridiculous amount of RAM and HDD expansion capabilities but still relatively little number of processors/cores. I wonder if what I am looking for is such a small niche product? Are there other solutions that I might not be aware of? Does anyone know of a multi proc- multi-core workstation/server that is still within the reasonable

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  • [AS3/C#] Byte encryption ( DES-CBC zero pad )

    - by mark_dj
    Hi there, Currently writing my own AMF TcpSocketServer. Everything works good so far i can send and recieve objects and i use some serialization/deserialization code. Now i started working on the encryption code and i am not so familiar with this stuff. I work with bytes , is DES-CBC a good way to encrypt this stuff? Or are there other more performant/secure ways to send my data? Note that performance is a must :). When i call: ReadAmf3Object with the decrypter specified i get an: InvalidOperationException thrown by my ReadAmf3Object function when i read out the first byte the Amf3TypeCode isn't specified ( they range from 0 to 16 i believe (Bool, String, Int, DateTime, etc) ). I got Typecodes varying from 97 to 254? Anyone knows whats going wrong? I think it has something to do with the encryption part. Since the deserializer works fine w/o the encryption. I am using the right padding/mode/key? I used: http://code.google.com/p/as3crypto/ as as3 encryption/decryption library. And i wrote an Async tcp server with some abuse of the threadpool ;) Anyway here some code: C# crypter initalization code System.Security.Cryptography.DESCryptoServiceProvider crypter = new DESCryptoServiceProvider(); crypter.Padding = PaddingMode.Zeros; crypter.Mode = CipherMode.CBC; crypter.Key = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("TESTTEST"); AS3 private static var _KEY:ByteArray = Hex.toArray(Hex.fromString("TESTTEST")); private static var _TYPE:String = "des-cbc"; public static function encrypt(array:ByteArray):ByteArray { var pad:IPad = new NullPad; var mode:ICipher = Crypto.getCipher(_TYPE, _KEY, pad); pad.setBlockSize(mode.getBlockSize()); mode.encrypt(array); return array; } public static function decrypt(array:ByteArray):ByteArray { var pad:IPad = new NullPad; var mode:ICipher = Crypto.getCipher(_TYPE, _KEY, pad); pad.setBlockSize(mode.getBlockSize()); mode.decrypt(array); return array; } C# read/unserialize/decrypt code public override object Read(int length) { object d; using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream()) { stream.Write(this._readBuffer, 0, length); stream.Position = 0; if (this.Decrypter != null) { using (CryptoStream c = new CryptoStream(stream, this.Decrypter, CryptoStreamMode.Read)) using (AmfReader reader = new AmfReader(c)) { d = reader.ReadAmf3Object(); } } else { using (AmfReader reader = new AmfReader(stream)) { d = reader.ReadAmf3Object(); } } } return d; }

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  • encodingStyle usage in XmlSerializer.Serialize

    - by Vishal Seth
    Can somebody please explain the use of 4th parameter of public void Serialize( XmlWriter xmlWriter, Object o, XmlSerializerNamespaces namespaces, string encodingStyle ) My issue is this: I've following string in one of the fields of my object: "reviewed ?" // music notation When I serialize it, it becomes & # x E; // see it as one word, w/o spaces it won't let me type And it fails when I try to transform this .NET generated XML through another XSL file Is it happening because its serializing using UTF-16? Is there any way I can make it transform using UTF-8 and make this "error" go away? **

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  • Bitwise AND, Bitwise Inclusive OR question, in Java

    - by Dave
    I've a few lines of code within a project, that I can't see the value of... buffer[i] = (currentByte & 0x7F) | (currentByte & 0x80); It reads the filebuffer from a file, stored as bytes, and then transfers then to buffer[i] as shown, but I can't understand what the overall purpose is, any ideas? Thanks

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  • Lighttpd - byte range request doesn't work. can't stream mp4

    - by w-01
    Am attempting to use the lastest flowplayer. (if it could work it would be pretty awesome btw) http://flowplayer.org One of the cool things about it is it uses the new HTML5 video element and supports random seeking/playback. In order to do this, you need a byte range request capable server on the backend. Luckily I'm using Lighttpd 1.5.0 on the backend. Unfortunately the current behavior is that when I do a random seek, the video simply restarts itself from the beginning. the docs say: "For HTML5 video you don't have to do any client side configuration. If your server supports byte range requests then seeking should work on the fly. Most servers including Apache, Nginx and Lighttpd support this." On my page, using chrome web developer tools, i can see when the video is requested, the server response headers indicate it is able to acce[t byte ranges. Accept-Ranges:bytes when I do random seek in the player, I can see that that byte ranges are request appropriately in the request header: Range: bytes=5668-10785 I can also verify the moov atom is at the front of the video file. My question here is if there is something else on the lighttpd side i'm missing in order to enable byte-range requests? The reason i ask is because the current behavior suggests that the lighttpd simply doesn't understand the byte range request and is just reserving the video from the beginning. Update it's clearer to put this here. As per RJS' suggestion I ran a curl command. in the response it looks like lighttpd is working as expected. Content-Range: bytes 1602355-18844965/18844966 Content-Length: 17242611

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  • How do encrypt a long or int using the Bouncy Castle crypto routines for BlackBerry?

    - by DanG
    How do encrypt/decrypt a long or int using the Bouncy Castle crypto routines for BlackBerry? I know how to encrypt/decrypt a String. I can encrypt a long but can't get a long to decrypt properly. Some of this is poorly done, but I'm just trying stuff out at the moment. I've included my entire crypto engine here: import org.bouncycastle.crypto.BufferedBlockCipher; import org.bouncycastle.crypto.DataLengthException; import org.bouncycastle.crypto.InvalidCipherTextException; import org.bouncycastle.crypto.engines.AESFastEngine; import org.bouncycastle.crypto.paddings.PaddedBufferedBlockCipher; import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.KeyParameter; public class CryptoEngine { // Global Variables // Global Objects private static AESFastEngine engine; private static BufferedBlockCipher cipher; private static KeyParameter key; public static boolean setEncryptionKey(String keyText) { // adding in spaces to force a proper key keyText += " "; // cutting off at 128 bits (16 characters) keyText = keyText.substring(0, 16); keyText = HelperMethods.cleanUpNullString(keyText); byte[] keyBytes = keyText.getBytes(); key = new KeyParameter(keyBytes); engine = new AESFastEngine(); cipher = new PaddedBufferedBlockCipher(engine); // just for now return true; } public static String encryptString(String plainText) { try { byte[] plainArray = plainText.getBytes(); cipher.init(true, key); byte[] cipherBytes = new byte[cipher.getOutputSize(plainArray.length)]; int cipherLength = cipher.processBytes(plainArray, 0, plainArray.length, cipherBytes, 0); cipher.doFinal(cipherBytes, cipherLength); String cipherString = new String(cipherBytes); return cipherString; } catch (DataLengthException e) { Logger.logToConsole(e); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { Logger.logToConsole(e); } catch (IllegalStateException e) { Logger.logToConsole(e); } catch (InvalidCipherTextException e) { Logger.logToConsole(e); } catch (Exception ex) { Logger.logToConsole(ex); } // else return "";// default bad value } public static String decryptString(String encryptedText) { try { byte[] cipherBytes = encryptedText.getBytes(); cipher.init(false, key); byte[] decryptedBytes = new byte[cipher.getOutputSize(cipherBytes.length)]; int decryptedLength = cipher.processBytes(cipherBytes, 0, cipherBytes.length, decryptedBytes, 0); cipher.doFinal(decryptedBytes, decryptedLength); String decryptedString = new String(decryptedBytes); // crop accordingly int index = decryptedString.indexOf("\u0000"); if (index >= 0) { decryptedString = decryptedString.substring(0, index); } return decryptedString; } catch (DataLengthException e) { Logger.logToConsole(e); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { Logger.logToConsole(e); } catch (IllegalStateException e) { Logger.logToConsole(e); } catch (InvalidCipherTextException e) { Logger.logToConsole(e); } catch (Exception ex) { Logger.logToConsole(ex); } // else return "";// default bad value } private static byte[] convertLongToByteArray(long longToConvert) { return new byte[] { (byte) (longToConvert >>> 56), (byte) (longToConvert >>> 48), (byte) (longToConvert >>> 40), (byte) (longToConvert >>> 32), (byte) (longToConvert >>> 24), (byte) (longToConvert >>> 16), (byte) (longToConvert >>> 8), (byte) (longToConvert) }; } private static long convertByteArrayToLong(byte[] byteArrayToConvert) { long returnable = 0; for (int counter = 0; counter < byteArrayToConvert.length; counter++) { returnable += ((byteArrayToConvert[byteArrayToConvert.length - counter - 1] & 0xFF) << counter * 8); } if (returnable < 0) { returnable++; } return returnable; } public static long encryptLong(long plainLong) { try { String plainString = String.valueOf(plainLong); String cipherString = encryptString(plainString); byte[] cipherBytes = cipherString.getBytes(); long returnable = convertByteArrayToLong(cipherBytes); return returnable; } catch (Exception e) { Logger.logToConsole(e); } // else return Integer.MIN_VALUE;// default bad value } public static long decryptLong(long encryptedLong) { byte[] cipherBytes = convertLongToByteArray(encryptedLong); cipher.init(false, key); byte[] decryptedBytes = new byte[cipher.getOutputSize(cipherBytes.length)]; int decryptedLength = cipherBytes.length; try { cipher.doFinal(decryptedBytes, decryptedLength); } catch (DataLengthException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalStateException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InvalidCipherTextException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } long plainLong = convertByteArrayToLong(decryptedBytes); return plainLong; } public static boolean encryptBoolean(int plainBoolean) { return false; } public static boolean decryptBoolean(int encryptedBoolean) { return false; } public static boolean testLongToByteArrayConversion() { boolean returnable = true; // fails out of the bounds of an integer, the conversion to long from byte // array does not hold, need to figure out a better solution for (long counter = -1000000; counter < 1000000; counter++) { long test = counter; byte[] bytes = convertLongToByteArray(test); long result = convertByteArrayToLong(bytes); if (result != test) { returnable = false; Logger.logToConsole("long conversion failed"); Logger.logToConsole("test = " + test + "\n result = " + result); } // regardless } // the end Logger.logToConsole("final returnable result = " + returnable); return returnable; } }

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  • AES BYTE SYSTOLIC ARCHITECTURE.

    - by anum
    we are implementing AES BYTE SYSTOLIC ARCHITECTURE. CODE:- module key_expansion(kld,clk,key,key_expand,en); input kld,clk,en; input [127:0] key; wire [31:0] w0,w1,w2,w3; output [127:0] key_expand; reg[127:0] key_expand; reg [31:0] w[3:0]; reg [3:0] ctr; //reg [31:0] w0,w1,w2,w3; wire [31:0] c0,c1,c2,c3; wire [31:0] tmp_w; wire [31:0] subword; wire [31:0] rcon; assign w0 = w[0]; assign w1 = w[1]; assign w2 = w[2]; assign w3 = w[3]; //always @(posedge clk) always @(posedge clk) begin w[0] <= #1 kld ? key[127:096] : w[0]^subword^rcon; end always @(posedge clk) begin w[1] <= #1 kld ? key[095:064] : w[0]^w[1]^subword^rcon; end always @(posedge clk) begin w[2] <= #1 kld ? key[063:032] : w[0]^w[2]^w[1]^subword^rcon; end always @(posedge clk) begin w[3] <= #1 kld ? key[031:000] : w[0]^w[3]^w[2]^w[1]^subword^rcon; end assign tmp_w = w[3]; aes_sbox u0( .a(tmp_w[23:16]), .d(subword[31:24])); aes_sbox u1( .a(tmp_w[15:08]), .d(subword[23:16])); aes_sbox u2( .a(tmp_w[07:00]), .d(subword[15:08])); aes_sbox u3( .a(tmp_w[31:24]), .d(subword[07:00])); aes_rcon r0( .clk(clk), .kld(kld), .out_rcon(rcon)); //assign key_expand={w0,w1,w2,w3}; //assign key_expand={w0,w1,w2,w3}; always@(posedge clk) begin if (!en) begin ctr<=0; end else if (|ctr) begin key_expand<=0; ctr<=(ctr+1)%16; end else if (!(|ctr)) begin key_expand<={w0,w1,w2,w3}; ctr<=(ctr+1)%16; end end endmodule problem:verilog code has been attached THE BASIC problem is that we want to generate a new key after 16 clock cycles.whereas initially it would generate a new key every posedge of clock.in order to stop the value from being assigned to w[0] w[1] w[2] w[3] we implemented an enable counter logic as under.it has enabled us to give output in key_expand after 16 cycles but the value of required keys has bin changed.because the key_expand takes up the latest value from w[0],w[1],w[2],w[3] where as we require the first value generated.. we should block the value to be assigned to w[0] to w[3] somehow ..but we are stuck.plz help.

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  • .NET Regular expressions on bytes instead of chars

    - by brickner
    Hi, I'm trying to do some parsing that will be easier using regular expressions. The input is an array (or enumeration) of bytes. I don't want to convert the bytes to chars for the following reasons: Computation efficiency Memory consumption efficiency Some non-printable bytes might be complex to convert to chars. Not all the bytes are printable. So I can't use Regex. The only solution I know, is using Boost.Regex (which works on bytes - C chars), but this is a C++ library that wrapping using C++/CLI will take considerable work. How can I use regular expressions on bytes in .NET directly, without working with .NET strings and chars? Thank you.

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  • Converting integer to a bit representation

    - by bobber205
    How can I convert a integer to its bit representation. I want to take an integer and return a vector that has contains 1's and 0's of the integer's bit representation. I'm having a heck of a time trying to do this myself so I thought I would ask to see if there was a built in library function that could help. Thanks!

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  • Merge two bytes in java/android

    - by Shane
    Hi, I have a frame of 22 bytes. The frame is the input stream from an accelerometer via bluetooth. The acceleromter readings are a 16 bit number split over two bytes. When i try to merge the bytes with buffer[1] + buffer[2], rather than adding the bytes, it just puts the results side by side. so 1+2 = 12. Could someone tell me how to combine these two bytes to obtain the original number. (btw the bytes are sent little endian) Thanks

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  • Create A Java Variable (String) of a specific size (MB's)

    - by Bernie Perez
    I am trying to benchmark some code. I am sending a String msg over sockets. I want to send 100KB, 2MB, and 10MB String variables. Is there an easy way to create a variable of these sizes? Currently I am doing this. private static String createDataSize(int msgSize) { String data = "a"; while(data.length() < (msgSize*1024)-6) { data += "a"; } return data; } But this takes a very long time. Is there a better way?

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  • BadPaddingException in Android encrypt

    - by DarthRoman
    Hi everyone, I am making an Android application, and I want to encrypt a String before sending it to a DataBase, and encrytpion is correct. The problem is when I am going to decrypt the String, because I get a BadPaddingException and I have no idea where the problem is. Here is the code: public final static String HEX = "36A52C8FB7DF9A3F"; public static String encrypt(String seed, String cleartext) throws Exception { byte[] rawKey = getRawKey(seed.getBytes()); byte[] result = encrypt(rawKey, cleartext.getBytes()); return toHex(result); } public static String decrypt(String seed, String encrypted) throws Exception { byte[] rawKey = getRawKey(seed.getBytes()); byte[] enc = toByte(encrypted); byte[] result = decrypt(rawKey, enc); return new String(result); } public static String toHex(String txt) { return toHex(txt.getBytes()); } public static String fromHex(String hex) { return new String(toByte(hex)); } public static byte[] toByte(String hexString) { int len = hexString.length()/2; byte[] result = new byte[len]; for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) result[i] = Integer.valueOf(hexString.substring(2*i, 2*i+2), 16).byteValue(); return result; } public static String toHex(byte[] buf) { if (buf == null) return ""; StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer(2*buf.length); for (int i = 0; i < buf.length; i++) { appendHex(result, buf[i]); } return result.toString(); } private static byte[] getRawKey(byte[] seed) throws Exception { KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES"); SecureRandom sr = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG"); sr.setSeed(seed); kgen.init(128, sr); // 192 and 256 bits may not be available SecretKey skey = kgen.generateKey(); byte[] raw = skey.getEncoded(); return raw; } private static byte[] encrypt(byte[] raw, byte[] clear) throws Exception { SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(raw, "AES"); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES"); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, skeySpec); byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(clear); return encrypted; } private static byte[] decrypt(byte[] raw, byte[] encrypted) throws Exception { SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(raw, "AES"); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES"); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, skeySpec); byte[] decrypted = cipher.doFinal(encrypted); return decrypted; } private static void appendHex(StringBuffer sb, byte b) { sb.append(HEX.charAt((b>>4)&0x0f)).append(HEX.charAt(b&0x0f)); } I encrypt and decrypt with this code: String encrypted = encrypt(HEX, "some text"); String decrypted = decrypt(HEX, encrypted); Can anyone help me please? Thank you very much!!

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  • [C++] Adding a string or char array to a byte vector

    - by xeross
    I'm currently working on a class to create and read out packets send through the network, so far I have it working with 16bit and 8bit integers (Well unsigned but still). Now the problem is I've tried numerous ways of copying it over but somehow the _buffer got mangled, it segfaulted, or the result was wrong. I'd appreciate if someone could show me a working example. My current code can be seen below. Thanks, Xeross Main #include <iostream> #include <stdio.h> #include "Packet.h" using namespace std; int main(int argc, char** argv) { cout << "#################################" << endl; cout << "# Internal Use Only #" << endl; cout << "# Codename PACKETSTORM #" << endl; cout << "#################################" << endl; cout << endl; Packet packet = Packet(); packet.SetOpcode(0x1f4d); cout << "Current opcode is: " << packet.GetOpcode() << endl << endl; packet.add(uint8_t(5)) .add(uint16_t(4000)) .add(uint8_t(5)); for(uint8_t i=0; i<10;i++) printf("Byte %u = %x\n", i, packet._buffer[i]); printf("\nReading them out: \n1 = %u\n2 = %u\n3 = %u\n4 = %s", packet.readUint8(), packet.readUint16(), packet.readUint8()); return 0; } Packet.h #ifndef _PACKET_H_ #define _PACKET_H_ #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <string.h> using namespace std; class Packet { public: Packet() : m_opcode(0), _buffer(0), _wpos(0), _rpos(0) {} Packet(uint16_t opcode) : m_opcode(opcode), _buffer(0), _wpos(0), _rpos(0) {} uint16_t GetOpcode() { return m_opcode; } void SetOpcode(uint16_t opcode) { m_opcode = opcode; } Packet& add(uint8_t value) { if(_buffer.size() < _wpos + 1) _buffer.resize(_wpos + 1); memcpy(&_buffer[_wpos], &value, 1); _wpos += 1; return *this; } Packet& add(uint16_t value) { if(_buffer.size() < _wpos + 2) _buffer.resize(_wpos + 2); memcpy(&_buffer[_wpos], &value, 2); _wpos += 2; return *this; } uint8_t readUint8() { uint8_t result = _buffer[_rpos]; _rpos += sizeof(uint8_t); return result; } uint16_t readUint16() { uint16_t result; memcpy(&result, &_buffer[_rpos], sizeof(uint16_t)); _rpos += sizeof(uint16_t); return result; } uint16_t m_opcode; std::vector<uint8_t> _buffer; protected: size_t _wpos; // Write position size_t _rpos; // Read position }; #endif // _PACKET_H_

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  • Testing for Adjacent Cells In a Multi-level Grid

    - by Steve
    I'm designing an algorithm to test whether cells on a grid are adjacent or not. The catch is that the cells are not on a flat grid. They are on a multi-level grid such as the one drawn below. Level 1 (Top Level) | - - - - - | | A | B | C | | - - - - - | | D | E | F | | - - - - - | | G | H | I | | - - - - - | Level 2 | -Block A- | -Block B- | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | | - - - - - | - - - - - | | 4 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 6 | ... | - - - - - | - - - - - | | 7 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 9 | | - - - - - | - - - - - | | -Block D- | -Block E- | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | | - - - - - | - - - - - | | 4 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 6 | ... | - - - - - | - - - - - | | 7 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 9 | | - - - - - | - - - - - | . . . . . . This diagram is simplified from my actual need but the concept is the same. There is a top level block with many cells within it (level 1). Each block is further subdivided into many more cells (level 2). Those cells are further subdivided into level 3, 4 and 5 for my project but let's just stick to two levels for this question. I'm receiving inputs for my function in the form of "A8, A9, B7, D3". That's a list of cell Ids where each cell Id has the format (level 1 id)(level 2 id). Let's start by comparing just 2 cells, A8 and A9. That's easy because they are in the same block. private static RelativePosition getRelativePositionInTheSameBlock(String v1, String v2) { RelativePosition relativePosition; if( v1-v2 == -1 ) { relativePosition = RelativePosition.LEFT_OF; } else if (v1-v2 == 1) { relativePosition = RelativePosition.RIGHT_OF; } else if (v1-v2 == -BLOCK_WIDTH) { relativePosition = RelativePosition.TOP_OF; } else if (v1-v2 == BLOCK_WIDTH) { relativePosition = RelativePosition.BOTTOM_OF; } else { relativePosition = RelativePosition.NOT_ADJACENT; } return relativePosition; } An A9 - B7 comparison could be done by checking if A is a multiple of BLOCK_WIDTH and whether B is (A-BLOCK_WIDTH+1). Either that or just check naively if the A/B pair is 3-1, 6-4 or 9-7 for better readability. For B7 - D3, they are not adjacent but D3 is adjacent to A9 so I can do a similar adjacency test as above. So getting away from the little details and focusing on the big picture. Is this really the best way to do it? Keeping in mind the following points: I actually have 5 levels not 2, so I could potentially get a list like "A8A1A, A8A1B, B1A2A, B1A2B". Adding a new cell to compare still requires me to compare all the other cells before it (seems like the best I could do for this step is O(n)) The cells aren't all 3x3 blocks, they're just that way for my example. They could be MxN blocks with different M and N for different levels. In my current implementation above, I have separate functions to check adjacency if the cells are in the same blocks, if they are in separate horizontally adjacent blocks or if they are in separate vertically adjacent blocks. That means I have to know the position of the two blocks at the current level before I call one of those functions for the layer below. Judging by the complexity of having to deal with mulitple functions for different edge cases at different levels and having 5 levels of nested if statements. I'm wondering if another design is more suitable. Perhaps a more recursive solution, use of other data structures, or perhaps map the entire multi-level grid to a single-level grid (my quick calculations gives me about 700,000+ atomic cell ids). Even if I go that route, mapping from multi-level to single level is a non-trivial task in itself.

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  • Different characters take more/less data?

    - by Nathan
    I am working on a personal project and I'm wondering if certain characters take up more data in a text file than others. I need to choose a character to seperate items in my file, but if a 0 uses less bytes than a ! or something, it would be best to do that. I know all characters have an ASCII value, but would a lower ASCII value mean the character can be stored in fewer bytes? This might be an incredibly stupid question, but I don't see any information on the topic online so I came here to check. Thanks!

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  • ruby on rails language problem "invalid byte sequence in GBK"

    - by user357203
    This is definitely a language issue, both of our code and our database contains Chinese characters. **This is my environment: About your application's environment Ruby version 1.9.1 (i386-mingw32) RubyGems version 1.3.5 Rack version 1.0 Rails version 2.3.5 Active Record version 2.3.5 Active Resource version 2.3.5 Action Mailer version 2.3.5 Active Support version 2.3.5 Application root C:/path_to_my_root Environment development Database adapter mysql Database schema version 20100327010640 **This is my localhost;3000 after running my ruby server: ArgumentError in HomeController#construction invalid byte sequence in GBK RAILS_ROOT: C:/path_to_my_root Application Trace | Framework Trace | Full Trace C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/action_view/ template_error.rb:43:in `split' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/action_view/ template_error.rb:43:in `source_extract' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/action_view/ template_error.rb:86:in `compute_backtrace' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/action_view/ template_error.rb:11:in `initialize' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/action_view/ template.rb:212:in `new' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/action_view/ template.rb:212:in `rescue in render_template' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/action_view/ template.rb:205:in `render_template' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/action_view/ base.rb:265:in `render' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/action_view/ base.rb:352:in `_render_with_layout' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/action_view/ base.rb:262:in `render' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/ action_controller/base.rb:1250:in `render_for_file' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/ action_controller/base.rb:951:in `render' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/ action_controller/benchmarking.rb:51:in `block in render_with_benchmark' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.5/lib/ active_support/core_ext/benchmark.rb:17:in `block in ms' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/1.9.1/benchmark.rb:309:in `realtime' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.5/lib/ active_support/core_ext/benchmark.rb:17:in `ms' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/ action_controller/benchmarking.rb:51:in `render_with_benchmark' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/ action_controller/mime_responds.rb:135:in `block in custom' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/ action_controller/mime_responds.rb:179:in `call' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/ action_controller/mime_responds.rb:179:in `block in respond' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/ action_controller/mime_responds.rb:173:in `each' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/ action_controller/mime_responds.rb:173:in `respond' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/ action_controller/mime_responds.rb:107:in `respond_to' C:/Users/Howard/Documents/local/vjoin/app/controllers/ home_controller.rb:53:in `construction' ..... C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.0.1/lib/rack/ methodoverride.rb:24:in `call' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/ action_controller/params_parser.rb:15:in `call' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/ action_controller/session/cookie_store.rb:93:in `call' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/ action_controller/failsafe.rb:26:in `call' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.0.1/lib/rack/lock.rb:11:in `block in call' :8:in `synchronize' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.0.1/lib/rack/lock.rb:11:in `call' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/ action_controller/dispatcher.rb:114:in `block in call' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/ action_controller/reloader.rb:34:in `run' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/ action_controller/dispatcher.rb:108:in `call' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rails-2.3.5/lib/rails/rack/ static.rb:31:in `call' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.0.1/lib/rack/urlmap.rb:46:in `block in call' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.0.1/lib/rack/urlmap.rb:40:in `each' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.0.1/lib/rack/urlmap.rb:40:in `call' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rails-2.3.5/lib/rails/rack/ log_tailer.rb:17:in `call' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.0.1/lib/rack/ content_length.rb:13:in `call' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.0.1/lib/rack/handler/ webrick.rb:50:in `service' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/httpserver.rb:111:in `service' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/httpserver.rb:70:in `run' C:/Ruby19/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/server.rb:183:in `block in start_thread' Request Parameters: None Show session dump Response Headers: {"Cache-Control"=>"no-cache", "Content-Type"=>"text/html"} **What should I do? I tried to search online, didn't find much. The only thing I found was something like putting the following into application_controller: before_filter :set_charset, :set_locale def set_charset response.headers["Content-Type"] = "text/html; charset=utf-8" WIN32OLE.codepage = WIN32OLE::CP_UTF8 end but this still doesn't work. I am new to ruby on rails, so don't know much about it. Thanks for your help.

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