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• What limits scaling in this simple OpenMP program?

  - by Douglas B. Staple

  I'm trying to understand limits to parallelization on a 48-core system (4xAMD Opteron 6348, 2.8 Ghz, 12 cores per CPU). I wrote this tiny OpenMP code to test the speedup in what I thought would be the best possible situation (the task is embarrassingly parallel): // Compile with: gcc scaling.c -std=c99 -fopenmp -O3 #include <stdio.h> #include <stdint.h> int main(){ const uint64_t umin=1; const uint64_t umax=10000000000LL; double sum=0.; #pragma omp parallel for reduction(+:sum) for(uint64_t u=umin; u<umax; u++) sum+=1./u/u; printf("%e\n", sum); } I was surprised to find that the scaling is highly nonlinear. It takes about 2.9s for the code to run with 48 threads, 3.1s with 36 threads, 3.7s with 24 threads, 4.9s with 12 threads, and 57s for the code to run with 1 thread. Unfortunately I have to say that there is one process running on the computer using 100% of one core, so that might be affecting it. It's not my process, so I can't end it to test the difference, but somehow I doubt that's making the difference between a 19~20x speedup and the ideal 48x speedup. To make sure it wasn't an OpenMP issue, I ran two copies of the program at the same time with 24 threads each (one with umin=1, umax=5000000000, and the other with umin=5000000000, umax=10000000000). In that case both copies of the program finish after 2.9s, so it's exactly the same as running 48 threads with a single instance of the program. What's preventing linear scaling with this simple program?

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• window.scrollBy only works in Firefox !? [closed]

  - by Patrick

  In my website I have this javascript code, adding a vertical offset when in the url a specific section of the page is specified (#): if (!!window.location.hash) window.scrollBy(0,-60); However this only works in Firefox... I'm pretty sure window.location.hash works in all browsers, that is, the symbol "sharp" is correctly detected in the url. However, the -60 offset only works in Firefox... this is the url, could you give me some insight ? http://patrickdiviacco.co.cc/#432 thanks

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• Open a popup window from Silverlight

  - by Emanuele Bartolesi

  Silverlight has a method called HtmlPage.PopupWindow() that opens new web browser window with a specific page. You can find this method in the namespace System.Windows.Browser. If you haven’t in your project, add a reference to System.Windows.Browser. The method HtmlPage.PopupWindow() has three parameters: Uri – location to browse String – the target window HtmlPopupWindowOptions – a class with the window options (full list of properties http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.browser.htmlpopupwindowoptions(v=vs.95).aspx) For a security reason of Silverlight the call to HtmlPage.PopupWindow() is allowed through any user input like a button, hyperlink, etc. The code is very simple: var options = new HtmlPopupWindowOptions {Left = 0, Top = 0, Width = 800, Height = 600}; if (HtmlPage.IsPopupWindowAllowed) HtmlPage.PopupWindow(new Uri("http://geekswithblogs.net/"), "new", options); The property IsPopupWindowAllowed is used to check whether the window is enabled to open popup.

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• How do I screen-capture an inactive window?

  - by Wassasin

  How can I screen-capture an inactive (minimized / on another workspace) window in Ubuntu? Applications like ImageMagick's import are only able to capture active windows. When attempting to capture an inactive window, I get the following message: unable to read X window image `<id>': Resource temporarily unavailable @ error/xwindow.c/XImportImage/5023. Might be able to do this using Compiz, as it is able to render previews of inactive windows. Furthermore, in my specific case, the window I want to capture is run in a Wine Explorer-container. Inside that container the application is always active.

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• New Window Via JavaScript Clears Parent

  - by Bunch

  This is not a new item at all but I came across it recently. For an app I had been using some JavaScript like: javascript:window.open(someurl.aspx here) to open a new window via a button. That bit of code had been working great in several other apps. Then in one app that same code decided to open the new window correctly while clearing the parent of everything but [object]. The fix ended up being simple, change the javascript to: javascript:void(window.open(someurl.aspx here); Then it worked like I thought it should. Tags: ASP.Net, JavaScript

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• Computer Networks UNISA - Chap 10 &ndash; In Depth TCP/IP Networking

  - by MarkPearl

  After reading this section you should be able to Understand methods of network design unique to TCP/IP networks, including subnetting, CIDR, and address translation Explain the differences between public and private TCP/IP networks Describe protocols used between mail clients and mail servers, including SMTP, POP3, and IMAP4 Employ multiple TCP/IP utilities for network discovery and troubleshooting Designing TCP/IP-Based Networks The following sections explain how network and host information in an IPv4 address can be manipulated to subdivide networks into smaller segments. Subnetting Subnetting separates a network into multiple logically defined segments, or subnets. Networks are commonly subnetted according to geographic locations, departmental boundaries, or technology types. A network administrator might separate traffic to accomplish the following… Enhance security Improve performance Simplify troubleshooting The challenges of Classful Addressing in IPv4 (No subnetting) The simplest type of IPv4 is known as classful addressing (which was the Class A, Class B & Class C network addresses). Classful addressing has the following limitations. Restriction in the number of usable IPv4 addresses (class C would be limited to 254 addresses) Difficult to separate traffic from various parts of a network Because of the above reasons, subnetting was introduced. IPv4 Subnet Masks Subnetting depends on the use of subnet masks to identify how a network is subdivided. A subnet mask indicates where network information is located in an IPv4 address. The 1 in a subnet mask indicates that corresponding bits in the IPv4 address contain network information (likewise 0 indicates the opposite) Each network class is associated with a default subnet mask… Class A = 255.0.0.0 Class B = 255.255.0.0 Class C = 255.255.255.0 An example of calculating  the network ID for a particular device with a subnet mask is shown below.. IP Address = 199.34.89.127 Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0 Resultant Network ID = 199.34.89.0 IPv4 Subnetting Techniques Subnetting breaks the rules of classful IPv4 addressing. Read page 490 for a detailed explanation Calculating IPv4 Subnets Read page 491 – 494 for an explanation Important… Subnetting only applies to the devices internal to your network. Everything external looks at the class of the IP address instead of the subnet network ID. This way, traffic directed to your network externally still knows where to go, and once it has entered your internal network it can then be prioritized and segmented. CIDR (classless Interdomain Routing) CIDR is also known as classless routing or supernetting. In CIDR conventional network class distinctions do not exist, a subnet boundary can move to the left, therefore generating more usable IP addresses on your network. A subnet created by moving the subnet boundary to the left is known as a supernet. With CIDR also came new shorthand for denoting the position of subnet boundaries known as CIDR notation or slash notation. CIDR notation takes the form of the network ID followed by a forward slash (/) followed by the number of bits that are used for the extended network prefix. To take advantage of classless routing, your networks routers must be able to interpret IP addresses that don;t adhere to conventional network class parameters. Routers that rely on older routing protocols (i.e. RIP) are not capable of interpreting classless IP addresses. Internet Gateways Gateways are a combination of software and hardware that enable two different network segments to exchange data. A gateway facilitates communication between different networks or subnets. Because on device cannot send data directly to a device on another subnet, a gateway must intercede and hand off the information. Every device on a TCP/IP based network has a default gateway (a gateway that first interprets its outbound requests to other subnets, and then interprets its inbound requests from other subnets). The internet contains a vast number of routers and gateways. If each gateway had to track addressing information for every other gateway on the Internet, it would be overtaxed. Instead, each handles only a relatively small amount of addressing information, which it uses to forward data to another gateway that knows more about the data’s destination. The gateways that make up the internet backbone are called core gateways. Address Translation An organizations default gateway can also be used to “hide” the organizations internal IP addresses and keep them from being recognized on a public network. A public network is one that any user may access with little or no restrictions. On private networks, hiding IP addresses allows network managers more flexibility in assigning addresses. Clients behind a gateway may use any IP addressing scheme, regardless of whether it is recognized as legitimate by the Internet authorities but as soon as those devices need to go on the internet, they must have legitimate IP addresses to exchange data. When a clients transmission reaches the default gateway, the gateway opens the IP datagram and replaces the client’s private IP address with an Internet recognized IP address. This process is known as NAT (Network Address Translation). TCP/IP Mail Services All Internet mail services rely on the same principles of mail delivery, storage, and pickup, though they may use different types of software to accomplish these functions. Email servers and clients communicate through special TCP/IP application layer protocols. These protocols, all of which operate on a variety of operating systems are discussed below… SMTP (Simple Mail transfer Protocol) The protocol responsible for moving messages from one mail server to another over TCP/IP based networks. SMTP belongs to the application layer of the ODI model and relies on TCP as its transport protocol. Operates from port 25 on the SMTP server Simple sub-protocol, incapable of doing anything more than transporting mail or holding it in a queue MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) The standard message format specified by SMTP allows for lines that contain no more than 1000 ascii characters meaning if you relied solely on SMTP you would have very short messages and nothing like pictures included in an email. MIME us a standard for encoding and interpreting binary files, images, video, and non-ascii character sets within an email message. MIME identifies each element of a mail message according to content type. MIME does not replace SMTP but works in conjunction with it. Most modern email clients and servers support MIME POP (Post Office Protocol) POP is an application layer protocol used to retrieve messages from a mail server POP3 relies on TCP and operates over port 110 With POP3 mail is delivered and stored on a mail server until it is downloaded by a user Disadvantage of POP3 is that it typically does not allow users to save their messages on the server because of this IMAP is sometimes used IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) IMAP is a retrieval protocol that was developed as a more sophisticated alternative to POP3 The single biggest advantage IMAP4 has over POP3 is that users can store messages on the mail server, rather than having to continually download them Users can retrieve all or only a portion of any mail message Users can review their messages and delete them while the messages remain on the server Users can create sophisticated methods of organizing messages on the server Users can share a mailbox in a central location Disadvantages of IMAP are typically related to the fact that it requires more storage space on the server. Additional TCP/IP Utilities Nearly all TCP/IP utilities can be accessed from the command prompt on any type of server or client running TCP/IP. The syntaxt may differ depending on the OS of the client. Below is a list of additional TCP/IP utilities – research their use on your own! Ipconfig (Windows) & Ifconfig (Linux) Netstat Nbtstat Hostname, Host & Nslookup Dig (Linux) Whois (Linux) Traceroute (Tracert) Mtr (my traceroute) Route

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• C# TCP Hole Punch (NAT Traversal) Library or something?

  - by user293531

  I want to do TCP Hole Punching (NAT Traversal) in C#. It can be done with a rendevouzs server if needed. I found http://sharpstunt.codeplex.com/ but can not get this to work. Ideally i need some method which i give a PortNumber (int) as parameter that after a call to this method is available ("Port Forwarded") at the NAT. It would be also ok if the methode just returns some port number which is then available at the NAT. Has anybody done this in C# ? Can you give me working examples for sharpstunt or something else? Thank you

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• How can I connect to Android with ADB over TCP?

  - by martinjd

  I am attempting to debug an application on a Motorola Droid but I am having some difficulty connecting to the device via USB. My development server is a Windows 7 64bit VM running in HyperV and so I cannot connect directly via USB in the guest or from the host. I installed a couple of different USB over TCP solutions but the connection appears to have issues since the adb monitor reports "devicemonitor failed to start monitoring" repeatedly. I was wondering if there is a way to connect directly from the client on the development machine to the daemon on the device using the network instead of the usb connection or possibly other viable options?

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• When binding a client TCP socket to a specific local port with Winsock, SO_REUSEADDR does not have a

  - by Checkers

  I'm binding a client TCP socket to a specific local port. To handle the situation where the socket remains in TIME_WAIT state for some time, I use setsockopt() with SO_REUSEADDR on a socket. It works on Linux, but does not work on Windows, I get WSAEADDRINUSE on connect() call when the previous connection is still in TIME_WAIT. MSDN is not exactly clear what should happen with client sockets: [...] For server applications that need to bind multiple sockets to the same port number, consider using setsockopt (SO_REUSEADDR). Client applications usually need not call bind at all—connect chooses an unused port automatically. [...] How do I avoid this?

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• What happens with TCP packets between two Socket.BeginReceive calls?

  - by Rodrigo

  I have a doubt about socket programming. I am developing a TCP packet sniffer. I am using Socket.BeginAccept, Socket.BeginReceive to capture every packet, but when a packet is received I have to process something. It is a fast operation, but would take some milliseconds, and then call BeginReceive again. My question is, what would happen if some packets are sent while I am processing, and haven't called BeginReceive? Are packets lost, or are they buffered internally? Is there a limit?

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• What alternative is there to writing a TCP/IP data relay?

  - by LoudNPossiblyRight

  I am about to write a tcp/ip data relay - application that passes a one way stream of data from one host/port to another host/port. Initially it will be generic, but later on i will customize it to the need of a specific business request. I am guessing that something generic already exists out there so my question is: Has anyone used a third party (preferably open source) data relay in a production environment, if so what is, and do you recommend it? Any platform is fine. Thanks.

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• What structure of data use to communicate via tcp/ip in java?

  - by rmaster

  Let's assume I want to send many messages between 2 programs made in java that use TCP sockets. I think the most convienient way is to send objects like: PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(s.getOutputStream()); ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(ps); some_kind_of_object_here; oos.writeObject(some_kind_of_object_here); ps.print(oos); I want to send, strings, numbers, HashMaps, boolean values How can I do this using fx 1 object that can store all that properties? I though about ArrayList that is serializable and we can put there everything but is not elegant way. I want to send different types of data because user can choose from a variety of options that server can do for it. Any advices?

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• Why is UDP + a software reliable ordering system faster than TCP?

  - by Ricket

  Some games today use a network system that transmits messages over UDP, and ensures that the messages are reliable and ordered. For example, RakNet is a popular game network engine. It uses only UDP for its connections, and has a whole system to ensure that packets can be reliable and ordered if you so choose. My basic question is, what's up with that? Isn't TCP the same thing as ordered, reliable UDP? What makes it so much slower that people have to basically reinvent the wheel?

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• trying to understand some codes related to window.onload in js

  - by user2507818

  <body> <script language="javascript"> window.tdiff = []; fred = function(a,b){return a-b;}; window.onload = function(e){ console.log("window.onload", e, Date.now() ,window.tdiff, (window.tdiff[1] = Date.now()) && window.tdiff.reduce(fred) ); } </script> </body> Above code is taken from a site. In firefox-console, it shows: window.onload load 1372646227664 [undefined, 1372646227664] 1372646227664 Question: For window.tdiff->[undefined, 1372646227664], why not:[], because when runs to code:window.tdiff, it is still an empty array? For window.tdiff.reduce(fred)->1372646227664, window.tdiff = [undefined, 1372646227664], undefined - 1372646227664, should be NaN, why it shows 1372646227664?

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• Raid-5 Performance per spindle scaling

  - by Bill N.

  So I am stuck in a corner, I have a storage project that is limited to 24 spindles, and requires heavy random Write (the corresponding read side is purely sequential). Needs every bit of space on my Drives, ~13TB total in a n-1 raid-5, and has to go fast, over 2GB/s sort of fast. The obvious answer is to use a Stripe/Concat (Raid-0/1), or better yet a raid-10 in place of the raid-5, but that is disallowed for reasons beyond my control. So I am here asking for help in getting a sub optimal configuration to be as good as it can be. The array built on direct attached SAS-2 10K rpm drives, backed by a ARECA 18xx series controller with 4GB of cache. 64k array stripes and an 4K stripe aligned XFS File system, with 24 Allocation groups (to avoid some of the penalty for being raid 5). The heart of my question is this: In the same setup with 6 spindles/AG's I see a near disk limited performance on the write, ~100MB/s per spindle, at 12 spindles I see that drop to ~80MB/s and at 24 ~60MB/s. I would expect that with a distributed parity and matched AG's, the performance should scale with the # of spindles, or be worse at small spindle counts, but this array is doing the opposite. What am I missing ? Should Raid-5 performance scale with # of spindles ? Many thanks for your answers and any ideas, input, or guidance. --Bill Edit: Improving RAID performance The other relevant thread I was able to find, discusses some of the same issues in the answers, though it still leaves me with out an answer on the performance scaling.

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• Scaling databases with cheap SSD hard drives

  - by Dennis Kashkin

  Hey guys! I hope that many of you are working with high traffic database-driven websites, and chances are that your main scalability issues are in the database. I noticed a couple of things lately: Most large databases require a team of DBAs in order to scale. They constantly struggle with limitations of hard drives and end up with very expensive solutions (SANs or large RAIDs, frequent maintenance windows for defragging and repartitioning, etc.) The actual annual cost of maintaining such databases is in $100K-$1M range which is too steep for me :) Finally, we got several companies like Intel, Samsung, FusionIO, etc. that just started selling extremely fast yet affordable SSD hard drives based on SLC Flash technology. These drives are 100 times faster in random read/writes than the best spinning hard drives on the market (up to 50,000 random writes per second). Their seek time is pretty much zero, so the cost of random I/O is the same as sequential I/O, which is awesome for databases. These SSD drives cost around $10-$20 per gigabyte, and they are relatively small (64GB). So, there seems to be an opportunity to avoid the HUGE costs of scaling databases the traditional way by simply building a big enough RAID 5 array of SSD drives (which would cost only a few thousand dollars). Then we don't care if the database file is fragmented, and we can afford 100 times more disk writes per second without having to spread the database across 100 spindles. . Is anybody else interested in this? I've been testing a few SSD drives and can share my results. If anybody on this site has already solved their I/O bottleneck with SSDs, I would love to hear your war stories! PS. I know that there are plenty of expensive solutions out there that help with scalability, for example the time proven RAM-based SANs. I want to be clear that even $50K is too expensive for my project. I have to find a solution that costs no more than $10K and does not take much time to implement.

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• How to diagnose storage system scaling problems?

  - by Unknown

  We are currently testing the maximum sequential read throughput of a storage system (48 disks total behind two HP P2000 arrays) connected to HP DL580 G7 running RHEL 5 with 128 GB of memory. Initial testing has been mainly done by running DD-commands like this: dd if=/dev/mapper/mpath1 of=/dev/null bs=1M count=3000 In parallel for each disk. However, we have been unable to scale the results from one array (maximum throughput of 1.3 GB/s) to two (almost the same throughput). Each array is connected to a dedicated host bust adapter, so they should not be the bottleneck. The disks are currently in JBOD configuration, so each disk can be addressed directly. I have two questions: Is running multiple DD commands in parallel really a good way to test maximum read throughput? We have noticed very high SWAPIN-% numbers in iotop, which I find hard to explain because the target is /dev/null How shoud we proceed in trying to find the reason for the scaling problem? Do you thing the server itself is the bottleneck here, or could there be some linux parameters that we have overlooked?

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• Library like ENet, but for TCP?

  - by Milo

  I'm not looking to use boost::asio, it is overly complex for my needs. I'm building a game that is cross platform, for desktop, iPhone and Android. I found a library called ENet which is pretty much what I need, but it uses UDP which does not seem to support encryption and a few other things. Given that the game is an event driven card game, TCP seems like the right fit. However, all I have found is WINSOCK / berkley sockets and bost::asio. Here is a sample client server application with ENet: #include <enet/enet.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string> #include <iostream> class Host { ENetAddress address; ENetHost * server; ENetHost* client; ENetEvent event; public: Host() :server(NULL) { enet_initialize(); setupServer(); } void setupServer() { if(server) { enet_host_destroy(server); server = NULL; } address.host = ENET_HOST_ANY; /* Bind the server to port 1234. */ address.port = 1721; server = enet_host_create (& address /* the address to bind the server host to */, 32 /* allow up to 32 clients and/or outgoing connections */, 2 /* allow up to 2 channels to be used, 0 and 1 */, 0 /* assume any amount of incoming bandwidth */, 0 /* assume any amount of outgoing bandwidth */); } void daLoop() { while(true) { /* Wait up to 1000 milliseconds for an event. */ while (enet_host_service (server, & event, 5000) > 0) { ENetPacket * packet; switch (event.type) { case ENET_EVENT_TYPE_CONNECT: printf ("A new client connected from %x:%u.\n", event.peer -> address.host, event.peer -> address.port); /* Store any relevant client information here. */ event.peer -> data = "Client information"; /* Create a reliable packet of size 7 containing "packet\0" */ packet = enet_packet_create ("packet", strlen ("packet") + 1, ENET_PACKET_FLAG_RELIABLE); /* Extend the packet so and append the string "foo", so it now */ /* contains "packetfoo\0" */ enet_packet_resize (packet, strlen ("packetfoo") + 1); strcpy ((char*)& packet -> data [strlen ("packet")], "foo"); /* Send the packet to the peer over channel id 0. */ /* One could also broadcast the packet by */ /* enet_host_broadcast (host, 0, packet); */ enet_peer_send (event.peer, 0, packet); /* One could just use enet_host_service() instead. */ enet_host_flush (server); break; case ENET_EVENT_TYPE_RECEIVE: printf ("A packet of length %u containing %s was received from %s on channel %u.\n", event.packet -> dataLength, event.packet -> data, event.peer -> data, event.channelID); /* Clean up the packet now that we're done using it. */ enet_packet_destroy (event.packet); break; case ENET_EVENT_TYPE_DISCONNECT: printf ("%s disconected.\n", event.peer -> data); /* Reset the peer's client information. */ event.peer -> data = NULL; } } } } ~Host() { if(server) { enet_host_destroy(server); server = NULL; } atexit (enet_deinitialize); } }; class Client { ENetAddress address; ENetEvent event; ENetPeer *peer; ENetHost* client; public: Client() :peer(NULL) { enet_initialize(); setupPeer(); } void setupPeer() { client = enet_host_create (NULL /* create a client host */, 1 /* only allow 1 outgoing connection */, 2 /* allow up 2 channels to be used, 0 and 1 */, 57600 / 8 /* 56K modem with 56 Kbps downstream bandwidth */, 14400 / 8 /* 56K modem with 14 Kbps upstream bandwidth */); if (client == NULL) { fprintf (stderr, "An error occurred while trying to create an ENet client host.\n"); exit (EXIT_FAILURE); } /* Connect to some.server.net:1234. */ enet_address_set_host (& address, "192.168.2.13"); address.port = 1721; /* Initiate the connection, allocating the two channels 0 and 1. */ peer = enet_host_connect (client, & address, 2, 0); if (peer == NULL) { fprintf (stderr, "No available peers for initiating an ENet connection.\n"); exit (EXIT_FAILURE); } /* Wait up to 5 seconds for the connection attempt to succeed. */ if (enet_host_service (client, & event, 20000) > 0 && event.type == ENET_EVENT_TYPE_CONNECT) { std::cout << "Connection to some.server.net:1234 succeeded." << std::endl; } else { /* Either the 5 seconds are up or a disconnect event was */ /* received. Reset the peer in the event the 5 seconds */ /* had run out without any significant event. */ enet_peer_reset (peer); puts ("Connection to some.server.net:1234 failed."); } } void daLoop() { ENetPacket* packet; /* Create a reliable packet of size 7 containing "packet\0" */ packet = enet_packet_create ("backet", strlen ("backet") + 1, ENET_PACKET_FLAG_RELIABLE); /* Extend the packet so and append the string "foo", so it now */ /* contains "packetfoo\0" */ enet_packet_resize (packet, strlen ("backetfoo") + 1); strcpy ((char*)& packet -> data [strlen ("backet")], "foo"); /* Send the packet to the peer over channel id 0. */ /* One could also broadcast the packet by */ /* enet_host_broadcast (host, 0, packet); */ enet_peer_send (event.peer, 0, packet); /* One could just use enet_host_service() instead. */ enet_host_flush (client); while(true) { /* Wait up to 1000 milliseconds for an event. */ while (enet_host_service (client, & event, 1000) > 0) { ENetPacket * packet; switch (event.type) { case ENET_EVENT_TYPE_RECEIVE: printf ("A packet of length %u containing %s was received from %s on channel %u.\n", event.packet -> dataLength, event.packet -> data, event.peer -> data, event.channelID); /* Clean up the packet now that we're done using it. */ enet_packet_destroy (event.packet); break; } } } } ~Client() { atexit (enet_deinitialize); } }; int main() { std::string a; std::cin >> a; if(a == "host") { Host host; host.daLoop(); } else { Client c; c.daLoop(); } return 0; } I looked at some socket tutorials and they seemed a bit too low level. I just need something that abstracts away the platform (eg, no WINSOCKS) and that has basic ability to keep track of connected clients and send them messages. Thanks

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• Millions of SYN_RECV connections, no DDoS

  - by ThomK

  We have such server structure: reverse proxy (nginx) - worker (uwsgi) - postgresql / memcached. All servers are in local network behind router, with NATed external ip:ports (http/s 80/443 to proxy, and ssh 22 to all servers). Problem is, that sometimes proxy server netstat reports MILLIONS of SYN_RECV connections. From same IP / same ports. Like that: nginx ~ # netstat -n | grep 83.238.153.195 tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV [...] And this is not DDoS, because all IPs affected belongs to our website users. On side note, users says that it's not affecting them. Website is online and working, but... that particular one (from example above) told me that website is down and Firefox can't connect. I've done tcpdump. 19:42:14.826011 IP 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 1845850583, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:42:14.826042 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv: Flags [S.], seq 2835837547, ack 1845850584, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:17.887331 IP 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 1845850583, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:42:17.887343 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv: Flags [S.], seq 2835837547, ack 1845850584, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:19.065497 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv: Flags [S.], seq 2835837547, ack 1845850584, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:23.918064 IP 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 1845850583, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:42:23.918076 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv: Flags [S.], seq 2835837547, ack 1845850584, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:25.265499 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv: Flags [S.], seq 2835837547, ack 1845850584, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:37.265501 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv: Flags [S.], seq 2835837547, ack 1845850584, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:37.758051 IP 83.238.153.195.2107 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 564208067, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:42:37.758069 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2107: Flags [S.], seq 3188568660, ack 564208068, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:40.714360 IP 83.238.153.195.2107 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 564208067, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:42:40.714374 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2107: Flags [S.], seq 3188568660, ack 564208068, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:41.665503 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2107: Flags [S.], seq 3188568660, ack 564208068, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:46.751073 IP 83.238.153.195.2107 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 564208067, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:42:46.751087 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2107: Flags [S.], seq 3188568660, ack 564208068, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:47.665498 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2107: Flags [S.], seq 3188568660, ack 564208068, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:59.865499 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2107: Flags [S.], seq 3188568660, ack 564208068, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:01.265500 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv: Flags [S.], seq 2835837547, ack 1845850584, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:13.320382 IP 83.238.153.195.2114 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 2136055006, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:43:13.320399 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2114: Flags [S.], seq 3754336171, ack 2136055007, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:16.320556 IP 83.238.153.195.2114 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 2136055006, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:43:16.320569 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2114: Flags [S.], seq 3754336171, ack 2136055007, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:17.665498 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2114: Flags [S.], seq 3754336171, ack 2136055007, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:22.250069 IP 83.238.153.195.2114 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 2136055006, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:43:22.250080 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2114: Flags [S.], seq 3754336171, ack 2136055007, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:23.665500 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2114: Flags [S.], seq 3754336171, ack 2136055007, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:23.865501 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2107: Flags [S.], seq 3188568660, ack 564208068, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:35.665498 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2114: Flags [S.], seq 3754336171, ack 2136055007, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:37.903038 IP 83.238.153.195.2213 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 2918118729, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:43:37.903054 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2213: Flags [S.], seq 4145523337, ack 2918118730, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:40.772899 IP 83.238.153.195.2213 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 2918118729, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:43:40.772912 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2213: Flags [S.], seq 4145523337, ack 2918118730, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:41.865500 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2213: Flags [S.], seq 4145523337, ack 2918118730, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:46.793057 IP 83.238.153.195.2213 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 2918118729, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:43:46.793069 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2213: Flags [S.], seq 4145523337, ack 2918118730, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:47.865500 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2213: Flags [S.], seq 4145523337, ack 2918118730, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:49.465503 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv: Flags [S.], seq 2835837547, ack 1845850584, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 Anyone have some thoughts on that?

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• Why is a non-blocking TCP connect() occasionally so slow on Linux?

  - by pts

  I was trying to measure the speed of a TCP server I'm writing, and I've noticed that there might be a fundamental problem of measuring the speed of the connect() calls: if I connect in a non-blocking way, connect() operations become very slow after a few seconds. Here is the example code in Python: #! /usr/bin/python2.4 import errno import os import select import socket import sys def NonBlockingConnect(sock, addr): while True: try: return sock.connect(addr) except socket.error, e: if e.args[0] not in (errno.EINPROGRESS, errno.EALREADY): raise os.write(2, '^') if not select.select((), (sock,), (), 0.5)[1]: os.write(2, 'P') def InfiniteClient(addr): while True: sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0) sock.setblocking(0) sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) # sock.connect(addr) NonBlockingConnect(sock, addr) sock.close() os.write(2, '.') def InfiniteServer(server_socket): while True: sock, addr = server_socket.accept() sock.close() server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0) server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) server_socket.bind(('127.0.0.1', 45454)) server_socket.listen(128) if os.fork(): # Parent. InfiniteServer(server_socket) else: addr = server_socket.getsockname() server_socket.close() InfiniteClient(addr) With NonBlockingConnect, most connect() operations are fast, but in every few seconds there happens to be one connect() operation which takes at least 2 seconds (as indicated by 5 consecutive P letters on the output). By using sock.connect instead of NonBlockingConnect all connect operations seem to be fast. How is it possible to get rid of these slow connect()s? I'm running Ubuntu Karmic desktop with the standard PAE kernel: Linux narancs 2.6.31-20-generic-pae #57-Ubuntu SMP Mon Feb 8 10:23:59 UTC 2010 i686 GNU/Linux

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• TCP/IP RST being sent differently in different browsers.

  - by Brian

  On Mac OS X (10.6), if I start a YouTube video download and pull the Ethernet cable for 5 or so seconds, then plug it back in, I get varying results depending on the browser. With Opera and Chrome, after I plug the cable back in the video continues to load. But with Safari and Firefox, it never does. Using Wireshark to look at the traffic, I found that Opera and Chrome simply ACK the first packet from YouTube after the cable has been plugged back in, but Safari and Firefox set the RST flag (0x4) in the TCP header and no more traffic follows. I can put a HUB in between the machine and the internet connection, the problem goes away and all four browsers continue loading the video when the cable is plugged back into the HUB. Again, looking at the Wireshark logs, it's evident that the machine doesn't see the Mulitcast connection close and there is simply a delay in the packets flowing through. So it seems that if Safari and Firefox sees a Multicast connection close, and then later see data on that same connection, they will send a RST. My question is why? What is the correct course of action, and why are 2/4 browsers doing it one way, while the other 2/4 are doing it another way? Is there somewhere in the code that I can see where this is happening in Firefox, for instance? Thank you very much.

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• How to get Acknowlegement in TCP communication in Java

  - by Sunil Kumar Sahoo

  I have written a socket program in Java. Both server and client can sent/receive data to each other. But I found that if client sends data to server using TCP then internally TCP sends acknowledgement to the client once the data is received by the server. I want to detect or handle that acknowledgement. How can I read or write data in TCP so that I can handle TCP acknowledgement. Thanks Sunil Kumar Sahoo

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• how to hide a window

  - by Nani

  Like window.open(); window.close(); Do we have any facility to hide a window. I have a window opened on a aspx page. That window has a button which opens second window. When 2nd window is opened I want to hide the 1st window. Is there a way? Plz Suggest me. Thank You.

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• How to get a tool window title bar height in WPF ?

  - by user275587

  WPF includes the title bar height in the total window height instead of using only the client content area height. Is there a way to disable this behaviour? If not, how can I get the height of a tool window title bar? I'm aware of the SystemParameters.CaptionHeight property and the SystemParameters.WindowCaptionHeight property but they both return the height of a regular window title bar. This is not the correct value for a tool window because the title bar is smaller for this type of window. I need something like SystemParameters.ToolWindowCaptionHeight Thanks.

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• Need for explanation: NetBIOS over TCP/IP on VMware network adapter disturbs access to network share

  - by gyrolf

  Some time ago nearly all workstations in our team (Windows XP SP2) exhibited intermittend but frequent delays when accessing shares on the network. Typically the first access to a share which hadn't been accessed for some time resulted in a nearly frozen workstation for up to 30 seconds. Then everything started working fine again. Using TCPView from Sysinternals I saw that during this delays there was a connection to the netbios-ssn port on the file server which was in state SYN_SENT. First try: Disable NetBIOS over TCP/IP for the intranet network adapter. Problem solved, but I didn't like to manipulate our centrally managed network configuration for the intranet. Second try: Disable NetBIOS over TCP/IP only for the VMWare network adapter (VMNet1 used for host only communications). Problem solved again! My questions: Why does NetBIOS over TCP/IP on one network adapter disturb NetBIOS over TCP/IP on another network adapter? Is this problem specific to VMWare network adapters? Has anybody else seen this phenomen? Additional information: VMWare Workstation version 6.0.3 At the time I started seriously analysing the problem it was no more possible to find out what had been changed to our systems at the time the problems started.

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