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  • Calling from C# to C function which accept a struct array allocated by caller

    - by lifey
    I have the following C struct struct XYZ { void *a; char fn[MAX_FN]; unsigned long l; unsigned long o; }; And I want to call the following function from C#: extern "C" int func(int handle, int *numEntries, XYZ *xyzTbl); Where xyzTbl is an array of XYZ of size numEntires which is allocated by the caller I have defined the following C# struct: [System.Runtime.InteropServices.StructLayoutAttribute(System.Runtime.InteropServices.LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Ansi)] public struct XYZ { public System.IntPtr rva; [System.Runtime.InteropServices.MarshalAsAttribute(System.Runtime.InteropServices.UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 128)] public string fn; public uint l; public uint o; } and a method: [System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport(@"xyzdll.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)] public static extern Int32 func(Int32 handle, ref Int32 numntries, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] XYZ[] arr); Then I try to call the function : XYZ xyz = new XYZ[numEntries]; for (...) xyz[i] = new XYZ(); func(handle,numEntries,xyz); Of course it does not work. Can someone shed light on what I am doing wrong ?

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  • Why do I get this strange output behavior?

    - by WilliamKF
    I have the following program test.cc: #include <iostream> unsigned char bogus1[] = { // Changing # of periods (0x2e) changes output after periods. 0x2e, 0x2e, 0x2e, 0x2e }; unsigned int bogus2 = 1816; // Changing this value changes output. int main() { std::clog << bogus1; } I build it with: g++ -g -c -o test.o test.cc; g++ -static-libgcc -o test test.o Using g++ version 3.4.6 I run it through valgrind and nothing is reported wrong. However the output has two extra control characters and looks like this: .... Thats a control-X and a control-G at the end. If you change the value of bogus2 you get different control characters. If you change the number of periods in the array the issue goes away or changes. I suspect it is a memory corruption bug in the compiler or iostream package. What is going on here?

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  • Is it Possible to Use Constraints on Hierarchical Data in a Self-Referential Table?

    - by pbarney
    Suppose you have the following table, intended to represent hierarchical data: +--------+-------------+ | Field | Type | +--------+-------------+ | id | int(10) | | parent | int(10) | | name | varchar(45) | +--------+-------------+ The table is self-referential in that the parent_id refers to id. So you might have the following data: +----+--------+---------------+ | id | parent | name | +----+--------+---------------+ | 1 | 0 | fruit | | 2 | 0 | vegetable | | 3 | 1 | apple | | 4 | 1 | orange | | 5 | 3 | red delicious | | 6 | 3 | granny smith | | 7 | 3 | gala | +----+--------+---------------+ Using MySQL, I am trying to impose a (self-referential) foreign key constraint upon the data to cascade on update and prevent deletion of a record if it has any "children." So I used the following: CREATE TABLE `test`.`fruit` ( `id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `parent` INT(10) UNSIGNED, `name` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), CONSTRAINT `fk_parent` FOREIGN KEY (`parent`) REFERENCES `fruit` (`id`) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE RESTRICT ) ENGINE = InnoDB; From what I understand, this should fit my requirements. (And parent must default to null to allow insertions, correct?) The problem is, if I change the id of a record, it will not cascade: Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constraint fails (`test`.`fruit`, CONSTRAINT `fk_parent` FOREIGN KEY (`parent`) REFERENCES `fruit` (`id`) ON UPDATE CASCADE) What am I missing? Feel free to correct me if my terminology is screwed up... I'm new to constraints.

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  • scanf a byte then print it out?

    - by Sarah
    I've searched around to see if I can find this answer but I can't seem to (please let me know if I'm wrong). I am trying to use scanf to read in a byte, an unsigned int and a char in one .c file and I am trying to access this byte in a different .c file and print it out. (I have already checked to make sure I have included all the appropriate parameters everywhere) But I keep getting errors. The warnings are: database.c: In function ‘addCitizen’: database.c:23:2: warning: format ‘%hhu’ expects argument of type ‘int’, but argument 2 has type ‘byte *’ [-Wformat] database.c:24:2: warning: format ‘%u’ expects argument of type ‘unsigned int’, but argument 2 has type ‘int *’ [-Wformat] database.c:25:2: warning: format ‘%c’ expects argument of type ‘int’, but argument 2 has type ‘char *’ [-Wformat] where I'm scanf'ing: // Request loop while (count-- != 0) { while (1){ // Get values from the user int error = scanf ("%79s %hhu %u %c", tname, &tdist, &tyear, &tgender); addCitizen(db, tname, &tdist, &tyear, &tgender); where I'm printing: void addCitizen(Database *db, char *tname, byte *tdist, int *tyear, char *tgender){ //needs to find the right place in memory to put this stuff and then put it there printf("\nName is: %79s\n", tname); printf("District is: %hhu\n", tdist); printf("Year of birth is: %u\n", tyear); printf("Gender is:%c\n", tgender); I'm not sure where I'm going wrong?

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  • Correct answer will not output

    - by rEgonicS
    I made a program that returns the sum of all primes under 2 million. I really have no idea what's going on with this one, I get 142891895587 as my answer when the correct answer is 142913828922. It seems like its missing a few primes in there. I'm pretty sure the getPrime function works as it is supposed to. I used it a couple times before and worked correctly than. The code is as follows: vector<int> getPrimes(int number); int main() { unsigned long int sum = 0; vector<int> primes = getPrimes(2000000); for(int i = 0; i < primes.size(); i++) { sum += primes[i]; } cout << sum; return 0; } vector<int> getPrimes(int number) { vector<bool> sieve(number+1,false); vector<int> primes; sieve[0] = true; sieve[1] = true; for(int i = 2; i <= number; i++) { if(sieve[i]==false) { primes.push_back(i); unsigned long int temp = i*i; while(temp <= number) { sieve[temp] = true; temp = temp + i; } } } return primes; }

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  • Generating Fibonacci Numbers Using variable-Length Arrays Code Compiler Error.

    - by Nano HE
    Compile error in vs2010(Win32 Console Application Template) for the code below. How can I fix it. unsigned long long int Fibonacci[numFibs]; // error occurred here error C2057: expected constant expression error C2466: cannot allocate an array of constant size 0 error C2133: 'Fibonacci' : unknown size Complete code attached(It's a sample code from programming In c -3E book. No any modify) int main() { int i, numFibs; printf("How may Fibonacci numbers do you want (between 1 to 75)? "); scanf("%i", &numFibs); if ( numFibs < 1 || numFibs > 75){ printf("Bad number, sorry!\n"); return 1; } unsigned long long int Fibonacci[numFibs]; Fibonacci[0] = 0; // by definition Fibonacci[1] = 1; // ditto for ( i = 2; i < numFibs; ++i) Fibonacci[i] = Fibonacci[i-2] + Fibonacci[i-1]; for ( i = 0; i < numFibs; ++i) printf("%11u",Fibonacci[i]); printf("\n"); return 0; }

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  • add uchar values in ushort array with sse2 or sse3

    - by pompolus
    i have an unsigned short dst[16][16] matrix and a larger unsigned char src[m][n] matrix. Now i have to access in the src matrix and add a 16x16 submatrix to dst, using sse2 or ss3. In a my older implementation, I was sure that my summed values ??were never greater than 256, so i could do this: for (int row = 0; row < 16; ++row) { __m128i subMat = _mm_lddqu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i*>(src)); dst[row] = _mm_add_epi8(dst[row], subMat); src += W; // Step to next row i need to add } where W is an offset to reach the desired rows. This code works, but now my values in src are larger and summed could be greater than 256, so i need to store them as ushort. i've tried this: for (int row = 0; row < 16; ++row) { __m128i subMat = _mm_lddqu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i*>(src)); dst[row] = _mm_add_epi16(dst[row], subMat); src += W; // Step to next row i need to add } but it doesn't work. I'm not so good with sse, so any help will be appreciated.

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  • How do C++ compilers actually pass reference parameters?

    - by T.E.D.
    This question came about as a result of some mixed-langauge programming. I had a Fortran routine I wanted to call from C++ code. Fortran passes all its parameters by reference (unless you tell it otherwise). So I thought I'd be clever (bad start right there) in my C++ code and define the Fortran routine something like this: extern "C" void FORTRAN_ROUTINE (unsigned & flag); This code worked for a while but (of course right when I needed to leave) suddenly started blowing up on a return call. Clear indication of a munged call stack. Another engineer came behind me and fixed the problem, declaring that the routine had to be deinfed in C++ as extern "C" void FORTRAN_ROUTINE (unsigned * flag); I'd accept that except for two things. One is that it seems rather counter-intuitive for the compiler to not pass reference parameters by reference, and I can find no documentation anywhere that says that. The other is that he changed a whole raft of other code in there at the same time, so it theoretically could have been another change that fixed whatever the issue was. So the question is, how does C++ actually pass reference parameters? Is it perhaps free to do copy-in, copy-out for small values or something? In other words, are reference parameters utterly useless in mixed-language programming? I'd like to know so I don't make this same code-killing mistake ever again.

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  • Howcome some C++ functions with unspecified linkage build with C linkage?

    - by christoffer
    This is something that makes me fairly perplexed. I have a C++ file that implements a set of functions, and a header file that defines prototypes for them. When building with Visual Studio or MingW-gcc, I get linking errors on two of the functions, and adding an 'extern "C"' qualifier resolved the error. How is this possible? Header file, "some_header.h": // Definition of struct DEMO_GLOBAL_DATA omitted DWORD WINAPI ThreadFunction(LPVOID lpData); void WriteLogString(void *pUserData, const char *pString, unsigned long nStringLen); void CheckValid(DEMO_GLOBAL_DATA *pData); int HandleStart(DEMO_GLOBAL_DATA * pDAta, TCHAR * pLogFileName); void HandleEnd(DEMO_GLOBAL_DATA *pData); C++ file, "some_implementation.cpp" #include "some_header.h" DWORD WINAPI ThreadFunction(LPVOID lpData) { /* omitted */ } void WriteLogString(void *pUserData, const char *pString, unsigned long nStringLen) { /* omitted */ } void CheckValid(DEMO_GLOBAL_DATA *pData) { /* omitted */ } int HandleStart(DEMO_GLOBAL_DATA * pDAta, TCHAR * pLogFileName) { /* omitted */ } void HandleEnd(DEMO_GLOBAL_DATA *pData) { /* omitted */ } The implementations compile without warnings, but when linking with the UI code that calls these, I get a normal error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "int __cdecl HandleStart(struct _DEMO_GLOBAL_DATA *, wchar_t *) error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "void __cdecl CheckValid(struct _DEMO_MAIN_GLOBAL_DATA * What really confuses me, now, is that only these two functions (HandleStart and CheckValid) seems to be built with C linkage. Explicitly adding "extern 'C'" declarations for only these two resolved the linking error, and the application builds and runs. Adding "extern 'C'" on some other function, such as HandleEnd, introduces a new linking error, so that one is obviously compiled correctly. The implementation file is never modified in any of this, only the prototypes.

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  • How can variadic char template arguments from user defined literals be converted back into numeric types?

    - by Pubby
    This question is being asked because of this one. C++11 allows you to define literals like this for numeric literals: template<char...> OutputType operator "" _suffix(); Which means that 503_suffix would become <'5','0','3'> This is nice, although it isn't very useful in the form it's in. How can I transform this back into a numeric type? This would turn <'5','0','3'> into a constexpr 503. Additionally, it must also work on floating point literals. <'5','.','3> would turn into int 5 or float 5.3 A partial solution was found in the previous question, but it doesn't work on non-integers: template <typename t> constexpr t pow(t base, int exp) { return (exp > 0) ? base * pow(base, exp-1) : 1; }; template <char...> struct literal; template <> struct literal<> { static const unsigned int to_int = 0; }; template <char c, char ...cv> struct literal<c, cv...> { static const unsigned int to_int = (c - '0') * pow(10, sizeof...(cv)) + literal<cv...>::to_int; }; // use: literal<...>::to_int // literal<'1','.','5'>::to_int doesn't work // literal<'1','.','5'>::to_float not implemented

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  • Is it necessary to mysql real escape when using alter table?

    - by cgwebprojects
    I noticed the other day that I cannot bind variables when using PDO with ALTER TABLE for example the following example will not work, $q = $dbc -> prepare("ALTER TABLE emblems ADD ? TINYINT(1) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', ADD ? DATETIME NOT NULL"); $q -> execute(array($emblemDB, $emblemDB . 'Date')); So is it necessary to use mysql_real_escape string and do it like below, // ESCAPE NAME FOR MYSQL INSERTION $emblemDB = mysql_real_escape_string($emblemDB); // INSERT EMBLEM DETAILS INTO DATABASE $q = $dbc -> prepare("ALTER TABLE emblems ADD " . $emblemDB . " TINYINT(1) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', ADD " . $emblemDB . "Date DATETIME NOT NULL"); $q -> execute(); Or do I not need to add in mysql_real_escape_string? As the only thing the query can do is ADD columns? Thanks

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  • waveInProc / Windows audio question...

    - by BTR
    I'm using the Windows API to get audio input. I've followed all the steps on MSDN and managed to record audio to a WAV file. No problem. I'm using multiple buffers and all that. I'd like to do more with the buffers than simply write to a file, so now I've got a callback set up. It works great and I'm getting the data, but I'm not sure what to do with it once I have it. Here's my callback... everything here works: // Media API callback void CALLBACK AudioRecorder::waveInProc(HWAVEIN hWaveIn, UINT uMsg, DWORD dwInstance, DWORD dwParam1, DWORD dwParam2) { // Data received if (uMsg == WIM_DATA) { // Get wav header LPWAVEHDR mBuffer = (WAVEHDR *)dwParam1; // Now what? for (unsigned i = 0; i != mBuffer->dwBytesRecorded; ++i) { // I can see the char, how do get them into my file and audio buffers? cout << mBuffer->lpData[i] << "\n"; } // Re-use buffer mResultHnd = waveInAddBuffer(hWaveIn, mBuffer, sizeof(mInputBuffer[0])); // mInputBuffer is a const WAVEHDR * } } // waveInOpen cannot use an instance method as its callback, // so we create a static method which calls the instance version void CALLBACK AudioRecorder::staticWaveInProc(HWAVEIN hWaveIn, UINT uMsg, DWORD_PTR dwInstance, DWORD_PTR dwParam1, DWORD_PTR dwParam2) { // Call instance version of method reinterpret_cast<AudioRecorder *>(dwParam1)->waveInProc(hWaveIn, uMsg, dwInstance, dwParam1, dwParam2); } Like I said, it works great, but I'm trying to do the following: Convert the data to short and copy into an array Convert the data to float and copy into an array Copy the data to a larger char array which I'll write into a WAV Relay the data to an arbitrary output device I've worked with FMOD a lot and I'm familiar with interleaving and all that. But FMOD dishes everything out as floats. In this case, I'm going the other way. I guess I'm basically just looking for resources on how to go from LPSTR to short, float, and unsigned char. Thanks much in advance!

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  • Threads are blocked in malloc and free, virtual size

    - by Albert Wang
    Hi, I'm running a 64-bit multi-threaded program on the windows server 2003 server (X64), It run into a case that some of the threads seem to be blocked in the malloc or free function forever. The stack trace is like follows: ntdll.dll!NtWaitForSingleObject() + 0xa bytes ntdll.dll!RtlpWaitOnCriticalSection() - 0x1aa bytes ntdll.dll!RtlEnterCriticalSection() + 0xb040 bytes ntdll.dll!RtlpDebugPageHeapAllocate() + 0x2f6 bytes ntdll.dll!RtlDebugAllocateHeap() + 0x40 bytes ntdll.dll!RtlAllocateHeapSlowly() + 0x5e898 bytes ntdll.dll!RtlAllocateHeap() - 0x1711a bytes MyProg.exe!malloc(unsigned __int64 size=0) Line 168 C MyProg.exe!operator new(unsigned __int64 size=1) Line 59 + 0x5 bytes C++ ntdll.dll!NtWaitForSingleObject() ntdll.dll!RtlpWaitOnCriticalSection() ntdll.dll!RtlEnterCriticalSection() ntdll.dll!RtlpDebugPageHeapFree() ntdll.dll!RtlDebugFreeHeap() ntdll.dll!RtlFreeHeapSlowly() ntdll.dll!RtlFreeHeap() MyProg.exe!free(void * pBlock=0x000000007e8e4fe0) C BTW, the param values passed to the new operator is not correct here maybe due to optimization. Also, at the same time, I found in the process Explorer, the virtual size of this program is 10GB, but the private bytes and working set is very small (<2GB). We did have some threads using virtualalloc but in a way that commit the memory in the call, and these threads are not blocked. m_pBuf = VirtualAlloc(NULL, m_size, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE); ...... VirtualFree(m_pBuf, 0, MEM_RELEASE); This looks strange to me, seems a lot of virtual space is reserved but not committed, and malloc/free is blocked by lock. I'm guessing if there's any corruptions in the memory/object, so plan to turn on gflag with pageheap to troubleshoot this. Does anyone has similar experience on this before? Could you share with me so I may get more hints? Thanks a lot!

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  • optimize output value using a class and public member

    - by wiso
    Suppose you have a function, and you call it a lot of times, every time the function return a big object. I've optimized the problem using a functor that return void, and store the returning value in a public member: #include <vector> const int N = 100; std::vector<double> fun(const std::vector<double> & v, const int n) { std::vector<double> output = v; output[n] *= output[n]; return output; } class F { public: F() : output(N) {}; std::vector<double> output; void operator()(const std::vector<double> & v, const int n) { output = v; output[n] *= n; } }; int main() { std::vector<double> start(N,10.); std::vector<double> end(N); double a; // first solution for (unsigned long int i = 0; i != 10000000; ++i) a = fun(start, 2)[3]; // second solution F f; for (unsigned long int i = 0; i != 10000000; ++i) { f(start, 2); a = f.output[3]; } } Yes, I can use inline or optimize in an other way this problem, but here I want to stress on this problem: with the functor I declare and construct the output variable output only one time, using the function I do that every time it is called. The second solution is two time faster than the first with g++ -O1 or g++ -O2. What do you think about it, is it an ugly optimization?

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  • PHP/mysqli: Inserting IP address with mysqli_stmt_bind_param()

    - by invarbrass
    Hello! I have a database table which contains an unsigned integer field to store the visitor's IP address: `user_ip` INT(10) UNSIGNED DEFAULT NULL, Here's the snippet of PHP code which tries to store the IP address: $ipaddr = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']; if ($stmt = mysqli_prepare($dbconn, 'INSERT INTO visitors(user_email, user_ip) VALUES (?,?)')) { $remote_ip = "INET_ATON('$ipaddr')"; mysqli_stmt_bind_param($stmt, 'ss', $email, $remote_ip); if (mysqli_stmt_execute($stmt) === FALSE) return FALSE; $rows_affected = mysqli_stmt_affected_rows($stmt); mysqli_stmt_close($stmt); } The INSERT operation succeeds, however the user_ip field contains a null value. I have also tried changing the parameter type in mysqli_stmt_bind_param() (which was set to string in the above example) to integer, i.e. mysqli_bind_param(... 'si',...) - but to no avail. I've also tried using the following bit of code instead of mysql's INET_ATON() SQL function: function IP_ATON($ipaddr) { $trio = intval(substr($ipaddr,0,3)); return ($trio>127) ? ((ip2long($ipaddr) & 0x7FFFFFFF) + 0x80000000) : ip2long($ipaddr); } It still doesn't work - the 'user_ip' field is still set to null. I've tried passing the $ip_addr variable as both integer & string in mysqli_bind_param() - to no avail. It seems the problem lies with the parameterized insert. The following "old-style" code works without any problem: mysqli_query(..., "INSERT INTO visitors(user_email, user_ip) VALUES ('$email',INET_ATON('$ipaddr'))"); What am I doing wrong here? Thanks in advance!

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  • Mysql - Help me alter this query to apply AND logic instead of OR in searching?

    - by sandeepan-nath
    First execute these tables and data dumps :- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Tags` ( `id_tag` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, `tag` varchar(255) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id_tag`), UNIQUE KEY `tag` (`tag`), KEY `id_tag` (`id_tag`), KEY `tag_2` (`tag`), KEY `tag_3` (`tag`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=18 ; INSERT INTO `Tags` (`id_tag`, `tag`) VALUES (1, 'key1'), (2, 'key2'); CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Tutors_Tag_Relations` ( `id_tag` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', `id_tutor` int(10) default NULL, KEY `Tutors_Tag_Relations` (`id_tag`), KEY `id_tutor` (`id_tutor`), KEY `id_tag` (`id_tag`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; INSERT INTO `Tutors_Tag_Relations` (`id_tag`, `id_tutor`) VALUES (1, 1), (2, 1); The following query finds all the tutors from Tutors_Tag_Relations table which have reference to at least one of the terms "key1" or "key2". SELECT td . * FROM Tutors_Tag_Relations AS td INNER JOIN Tags AS t ON t.id_tag = td.id_tag WHERE t.tag LIKE "%key1%" OR t.tag LIKE "%key2%" Group by td.id_tutor LIMIT 10 Please help me modify this query so that it returns all the tutors from Tutors_Tag_Relations table which have reference to both the terms "key1" and "key2" (AND logic instead of OR logic). Please suggest an optimized query considering huge number of data records (the query should NOT individually fetch two sets of tutors matching each keyword and then find the intersection).

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  • Complex sorting on MySQL database

    - by ChrisR
    I'm facing the following situation. We've got an CMS with an entity with translations. These translations are stored in a different table with a one-to-many relationship. For example newsarticles and newsarticle_translations. The amount of available languages is dynamically determined by the same CMS. When entering a new newsarticle the editor is required to enter at least one translation, which one of the available languages he chooses is up to him. In the newsarticle overview in our CMS we would like to show a column with the (translated) article title, but since none of the languages are mandatory (one of them is mandatory but i don't know which one) i don't really know how to construct my mysql query to select a title for each newsarticle, regardless of the entered language. And to make it all a little harder, our manager asked for the possibilty to also be able to sort on title, so fetching the translations in a separate query is ruled out as far as i know. Anyone has an idea on how to solve this in the most efficient way? Here are my table schema's it it might help > desc news; +-----------------+----------------+------+-----+-------------------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-----------------+----------------+------+-----+-------------------+----------------+ | id | int(10) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | category_id | int(1) | YES | | NULL | | | created | timestamp | NO | | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | | | user_id | int(10) | YES | | NULL | | +-----------------+----------------+------+-----+-------------------+----------------+ > desc news_translations; +-----------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-----------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | enabled | tinyint(1) | NO | | 0 | | | news_id | int(1) unsigned | NO | | NULL | | | title | varchar(255) | NO | | | | | summary | text | YES | | NULL | | | body | text | NO | | NULL | | | language | varchar(2) | NO | | NULL | | +-----------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ PS: i've though about subqueries and coalesce() solutions but those seem rather dirty tricks, wondering if something better is know that i'm not thinking of?

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  • how to write binary copy of structure array to file

    - by cerr
    I would like to write a binary image of a structure array to a binary file. I have tried this so far: #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #define NUM 256 const char *fname="binary.bin"; typedef struct foo_s { int intA; int intB; char string[20]; }foo_t; void main (void) { foo_t bar[NUM]; bar[0].intA = 10; bar[0].intB = 999; strcpy(bar[0].string,"Hello World!"); Save(bar); printf("%s written succesfully!\n",fname); } int Save(foo_t* pData) { FILE *pFile; int ptr = 0; int itr = 0; pFile = fopen(fname, "w"); if (pFile == NULL) { printf("couldn't open %s\n", fname); return; } for (itr = 0; itr<NUM; itr++) { for (ptr=0; ptr<sizeof(foo_t); ptr++) { fputc((unsigned char)*((&pData[itr])+ptr), pFile); } fclose(pFile); } } but the compiler is saying aggregate value used where an integer was expected fputc((unsigned char)*((&pData[itr])+ptr), pFile); and I don't quite understand why, what am I doing wrong? Thanks!

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  • Array's index and argc signedness

    - by tusbar
    Hello, The C standard (5.1.2.2.1 Program startup) says: The function called at program startup is named main. [...] It shall be de?ned with a return type of int and with no parameters: int main(void) { /* ... */ } or with two parameters [...] : int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { /* ... */ } And later says: The value of argc shall be nonnegative. Why shouldn't argc be defined as an unsigned int, argc supposedly meaning 'argument count'? Should argc be used as an index for argv? So I started wondering if the C standard says something about the type of array's index. Is it signed? 6.5.2.1 Array subscripting: One of the expressions shall have type ‘‘pointer to object type’’, the other expression shall have integer type, and the result has type ‘‘type’’. It doesn't say anything about its signedness (or I didn't find it). It is pretty common to see codes using negatives array indexes (array[-1]) but isn't it undefined behavior? Should array's indexes be unsigned?

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  • Has anyone ever successfully make index merge work for MySQL?

    - by user198729
    Setup: mysql> create table t(a integer unsigned,b integer unsigned); mysql> insert into t(a,b) values (1,2),(1,3),(2,4); mysql> create index i_t_a on t(a); mysql> create index i_t_b on t(b); mysql> explain select * from t where a=1 or b=4; +----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | t | ALL | i_t_a,i_t_b | NULL | NULL | NULL | 3 | Using where | +----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+ Is there something I'm missing? Update mysql> explain select * from t where a=1 or b=4; +----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | t | ALL | i_t_a,i_t_b | NULL | NULL | NULL | 1863 | Using where | +----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+ Version: mysql> select version(); +----------------------+ | version() | +----------------------+ | 5.1.36-community-log | +----------------------+ Has anyone ever successfully make index merge work for MySQL? I'll be glad to see successful stories here:)

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  • Measuring the CPU frequency scaling effect

    - by Bryan Fok
    Recently I am trying to measure the effect of the cpu scaling. Is it accurate if I use this clock to measure it? template<std::intmax_t clock_freq> struct rdtsc_clock { typedef unsigned long long rep; typedef std::ratio<1, clock_freq> period; typedef std::chrono::duration<rep, period> duration; typedef std::chrono::time_point<rdtsc_clock> time_point; static const bool is_steady = true; static time_point now() noexcept { unsigned lo, hi; asm volatile("rdtsc" : "=a" (lo), "=d" (hi)); return time_point(duration(static_cast<rep>(hi) << 32 | lo)); } }; Update: According to the comment from my another post, I believe redtsc cannot use for measure the effect of cpu frequency scaling because the counter from the redtsc does not affected by the CPU frequency, am i right?

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  • glibc detected ./.a.out: free(): invalid pointer

    - by ExtremeBlue
    typedef struct _PERSON { size_t age; unsigned char* name; }PERSON; int init(PERSON** person) { (* person) = (PERSON *) malloc(sizeof(struct _PERSON)); (* person)->age = 1; (* person)->name = (unsigned char *) malloc(sizeof(4)); (* person)->name = "NAME"; return 0; } void close(PERSON** person) { (* person)->age = 0; if((* person)->name != NULL) { free((* person)->name); } if((* person) != NULL) { free((* person)); } } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { PERSON* p; init(&p); printf("%d\t%s\n", (int) p->age, p->name); close(&p); return 0; } 1 NAME *** glibc detected *** ./a.out: free(): invalid pointer: 0x000000000040079c *** ======= Backtrace: ========= /lib/libc.so.6(+0x774b6)[0x7fa9027054b6] /lib/libc.so.6(cfree+0x73)[0x7fa90270bc83] ./a.out(close+0x3d)[0x400651] ./a.out[0x40069f] /lib/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xfe)[0x7fa9026acd8e] ./a.out[0x4004f9] ... 7fa8fc000000-7fa8fc021000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 7fa8fc021000-7fa900000000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7fa902478000-7fa90248d000 r-xp 00000000 08:12 23068732 /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 7fa90248d000-7fa90268c000 ---p 00015000 08:12 23068732 /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 7fa90268c000-7fa90268d000 r--p 00014000 08:12 23068732 /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 7fa90268d000-7fa90268e000 rw-p 00015000 08:12 23068732 /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 7fa90268e000-7fa902808000 r-xp 00000000 08:12 23068970 /lib/libc-2.12.1.so 7fa902808000-7fa902a07000 ---p 0017a000 08:12 23068970 /lib/libc-2.12.1.so 7fa902a07000-7fa902a0b000 r--p 00179000 08:12 23068970 /lib/libc-2.12.1.so 7fa902a0b000-7fa902a0c000 rw-p 0017d000 08:12 23068970 /lib/libc-2.12.1.so 7fa902a0c000-7fa902a11000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 7fa902a11000-7fa902a31000 r-xp 00000000 08:12 23068966 /lib/ld-2.12.1.so 7fa902c25000-7fa902c28000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 7fa902c2e000-7fa902c31000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 7fa902c31000-7fa902c32000 r--p 00020000 08:12 23068966 /lib/ld-2.12.1.so 7fa902c32000-7fa902c33000 rw-p 00021000 08:12 23068966 /lib/ld-2.12.1.so 7fa902c33000-7fa902c34000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 7fff442d5000-7fff442f6000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [stack] 7fff44308000-7fff44309000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0 [vdso] ffffffffff600000-ffffffffff601000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0 [vsyscall] Aborted

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  • C++ ulong to class method pointer and back

    - by Simone Margaritelli
    Hi guys, I'm using a hash table (source code by Google Inc) to store some method pointers defined as: typedef Object *(Executor::*expression_delegate_t)( vframe_t *, Node * ); Where obviously "Executor" is the class. The function prototype to insert some value to the hash table is: hash_item_t *ht_insert( hash_table_t *ht, ulong key, ulong data ); So basically i'm doing the insert double casting the method pointer: ht_insert( table, ASSIGN, reinterpret_cast<ulong>( (void *)&Executor::onAssign ) ); Where table is defined as a 'hash_table_t *' inside the declaration of the Executor class, ASSIGN is an unsigned long value, and 'onAssign' is the method I have to map. Now, Executor::onAssign is stored as an unsigned long value, its address in memory I think, and I need to cast back the ulong to a method pointer. But this code: hash_item_t* item = ht_find( table, ASSIGN ); expression_delegate_t delegate = reinterpret_cast < expression_delegate_t > (item->data); Gives me the following compilation error : src/executor.cpp:45: error: invalid cast from type ‘ulong’ to type ‘Object* (Executor::*)(vframe_t*, Node*)’ I'm using GCC v4.4.3 on a x86 GNU/Linux machine. Any hints?

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  • Why does Go not seem to recognize size_t in a C header file?

    - by Graeme Perrow
    I am trying to write a go library that will act as a front-end for a C library. If one of my C structures contains a size_t, I get compilation errors. AFAIK size_t is a built-in C type, so why wouldn't go recognize it? My header file looks like: typedef struct mystruct { char * buffer; size_t buffer_size; size_t * length; } mystruct; and the errors I'm getting are: gcc failed: In file included from <stdin>:5: mydll.h:4: error: expected specifier-qualifier-list before 'size_t' on input: typedef struct { char *p; int n; } _GoString_; _GoString_ GoString(char *p); char *CString(_GoString_); #include "mydll.h" I've even tried adding either of // typedef unsigned long size_t or // #define size_t unsigned long in the .go file before the // #include, and then I get "gcc produced no output". I have seen these questions, and looked over the example with no success.

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  • Locking a GDI+ Bitmap in Native C++?

    - by user146780
    I can find many examples on how to do this in managed c++ but none for unmanaged. I want to get all the pixel data as efficiently as possible, but some of the scan0 stuff I would need more info about so I can properly iterate through the pixel data and get each rgba value from it. right now I have this: Bitmap *b = new Bitmap(filename); if(b == NULL) { return 0; } UINT w,h; w = b->GetWidth(); h = b->GetHeight(); Rect *r = new Rect(0,0,w,h); BitmapData *lockdat; b->LockBits(r,ImageLockModeRead,PixelFormatDontCare,lockdat); delete(r); if(w == 0 && h == 0) { return 0; } Color c; std::vector<GLubyte> pdata(w * h * 4,0.0); for (unsigned int i = 0; i < h; i++) { for (unsigned int j = 0; j < w; j++) { b->GetPixel(j,i,&c); pdata[i * 4 * w + j * 4 + 0] = (GLubyte) c.GetR(); pdata[i * 4 * w + j * 4 + 1] = (GLubyte) c.GetG(); pdata[i * 4 * w + j * 4 + 2] = (GLubyte) c.GetB(); pdata[i * 4 * w + j * 4 + 3] = (GLubyte) c.GetA(); } } delete(b); return CreateTexture(pdata,w,h); How do I use lockdat to do the equivalent of getpixel? Thanks

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