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  • which situation abstract class i should use

    - by Bharanikumar
    Hi , Am not worked on extream level of oops in my projects , So i have little doubts , In which situation should i use abstract method or classes , Basically i know about abstract class definition and flow, I got details from this URL Doubt is which situation should i use abstract class and methods ,

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  • Factory vs instance constructors

    - by Neil N
    I can't think of any reasons why one is better than the other. Compare these two implementations: public class MyClass { public myClass(string fileName) { // some code... } } as opposed to: public class MyClass { private myClass(){} public static Create(string fileName) { // some code... } } There are some places in the .Net framework that use the static method to create instances. At first I was thinking, it registers it's instances to keep track of them, but regular constructors could do the same thing through the use of private static variables. What is the reasoning behind this style?

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  • Unable to Get values from Web Form to a PHP Class to Display

    - by kentrenholm
    I am having troubles getting the value from my variables submitted via a web form using a PHP class file. Here is my structure of the web page: Order Form Page Process.php Page Book.php Page I can easily get the user data entered (on Order Form Page), process, and display it on the Process.php page. The issue is that I must create a Book class and print the details of the data using the Book class. I have an empty constructor printing out "created" so I know my constructor is being called. I also am able to print the word "title" so I know I can print to the screen by using the Book class. My issue is that I can't get values in my variables in the Book class. Here is my variable declaration: private $title; Here is my printDetails function: public function printDetails () { echo "Title: " . $this->title . "<br />"; } Here is my new instance of the book class: $bookNow = new book; Here are my get and set functions: function __getTitle($title) { return $this->$title; } function __setTitle($title,$value) { $this->$title = $value; } I do have four other variables that I'm looking to display as well. Each of those have their own variable declaration, a line in printDetails, and their own setter and getter. Lastly, I also have a call to the Book class in my process PHP. It looks like this: function __autoload($book) { include $book . '.php'; } $bookNow = new book(); Any help, much appreciated. It must be something so very small (I'm hoping).

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  • Can't remove first node in linked list

    - by carlmonday
    I'm trying to make a linked list class in python (pointless I know, but it's a learning exercise), and the method I have written to remove a node doesn't work if I try to remove the first element of the linked list. If the node to be removed is anywhere else in the linked list the method works fine. Can someone give me some insight as to where I've gone wrong? Here's my code thus far: class Node: def __init__(self, data=None, next=None): self.data = data self.next = next def __repr__(self): return repr(self.data) def printNodes(self): while self: print self.data self = self.next def removeNode(self, datum): """removes node from linked list""" if self.data == datum: return self.next while self.next: if self.next.data == datum: self.next = self.next.next return self self = self.next

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  • Creating an interface and swappable implementations in python

    - by Blankman
    Hi, Would it be possible to create a class interface in python and various implementations of the interface. Example: I want to create a class for pop3 access (and all methods etc.). If I go with a commercial component, I want to wrap it to adhere to a contract. In the future, if I want to use another component or code my own, I want to be able to swap things out and not have things very tightly coupled. Possible? I'm new to python.

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  • how to Clean up(destructor) a dynamic Array of pointers??

    - by Ahmed Sharara
    Is that Destructor is enough or do I have to iterate to delete the new nodes?? #include "stdafx.h" #include<iostream> using namespace std; struct node{ int row; int col; int value; node* next_in_row; node* next_in_col; }; class MultiLinkedListSparseArray { private: char *logfile; node** rowPtr; node** colPtr; // used in constructor node* find_node(node* out); node* ins_node(node* ins,int col); node* in_node(node* ins,node* z); node* get(node* in,int row,int col); bool exist(node* so,int row,int col); //add anything you need public: MultiLinkedListSparseArray(int rows, int cols); ~MultiLinkedListSparseArray(); void setCell(int row, int col, int value); int getCell(int row, int col); void display(); void log(char *s); void dump(); }; MultiLinkedListSparseArray::MultiLinkedListSparseArray(int rows,int cols){ rowPtr=new node* [rows+1]; colPtr=new node* [cols+1]; for(int n=0;n<=rows;n++) rowPtr[n]=NULL; for(int i=0;i<=cols;i++) colPtr[i]=NULL; } MultiLinkedListSparseArray::~MultiLinkedListSparseArray(){ // is that destructor enough?? cout<<"array is deleted"<<endl; delete [] rowPtr; delete [] colPtr; }

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  • Javascript: Access the right scope "under" apply(...)

    - by Chau
    This is a very old problem, but I cannot seem to get my head around the other solutions presented here. I have an object function ObjA() { var a = 1; this.methodA = function() { alert(a); } } which is instantiated like var myObjA = new ObjA(); Later on, I assign my methodA as a handler function in an external Javascript Framework, which invokes it using the apply(...) method. When the external framework executes my methodA, this belongs to the framework function invoking my method. Since I cannot change how my method is called, how do I regain access to the private variable a? My research tells me, that closures might be what I'm looking for.

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  • How should I organize my C# classes? [closed]

    - by oscar.fimbres
    I'm creating an email generator system. I'm creating some clases and I'm trying to make things right. By the time, I have created 5 classes. Look at the class diagram: I'm going to explain you each one. Person. It's not a big deal. Just have two constructors: Person(fname, lname1, lname2) and Person(token, fname, lname1, lname2). Note that email property stays without value. StringGenerator. This is a static class and it has only a public function: Generate. The function receives a Person class and it will return a list of patterns for the email. MySql. It contains all the necessary to connect to a database. Database. This class inherits from MySql class. It has particular functions for the database. This gets all the registries from a table (function GetPeople) and return a List. Each person from the list contains all data except Email. Also it can add records (List but this must contains an available email). An available email is when an email doesn't have another person. For that reason, I have a method named ExistsEmail. Container. This is the class which is causing me some problems. It's like a temporary container. It supposed to have a people list from GetPeople (in Database class) and for each person it adds, it must generate a list of possible names (StringGenerator.Generate), then it selects one of the list and it must check out if exists in the database or in the same container. As I told above this is temporal, it may none of the possible emails is available. So the user can modify or enter a custom email available and update the list in this container. When all the email's people are available, it sends a list to add in the database, It must have a Flush method, to insert all the people in the database. I'm trying to design correct class. I need a little help to improve or edite the classes, because I want to separate the logic and visual, and learn of you. I hope you've been able to understand me. Any question or doubt, please let me know. Anyway, I attached the solution here to better understand it: http://www.megaupload.com/?d=D94FH8GZ

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  • 1067: Implicit coercion of a value of type theplayclass to an unrelated type main

    - by Minelava
    I need help because I want to create a gameover screen that display score. However, there's an error that prevent me from transferring the score from theplayclass.as to thegameoverclass.as. Are there ways to pass a value to another movieclip without causing any errors. I refer the source code from this website : http://www.emanueleferonato.com/2008/12/17/designing-the-structure-of-a-flash-game-as3-version/ Here's the error C:\Users\xxx\Downloads\Migrate\test\theplayclass.as, Line 54, Column 41 1067: Implicit coercion of a value of type theplayclass to an unrelated type main. main.as package { import flash.display.MovieClip; import flash.events.Event; public class main extends MovieClip { public var playClass:theplayclass; public var gameOverClass:thegameoverclass; public function main() { showWin(); } public function showWin() { playClass = new theplayclass(this); addChild(playClass); } public function showGameOver() { gameOverClass = new thegameoverclass(this); addChild(gameOverClass); removeChild(playClass); playClass = null; } } } theplayclass.as package { import flash.display.MovieClip; import flash.events.*; public class theplayclass extends MovieClip { private var mainClass:main; var gameScore:Number; var gameOverScore:thegameoverclass; public function theplayclass(passedClass:main) { mainClass = passedClass; scoreText.text ="0"; gameScore = 0; win.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, showwinFunction); next.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, showgameoverFunction); addEventListener(Event.ADDED_TO_STAGE, addToStage); addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, changeScore); } public function addToStage(e:Event):void { this.x = 0; this.y = 0; } private function showwinFunction(e:MouseEvent):void { gameScore+=50; } private function changeScore(e:Event):void { scoreText.text =""+gameScore; } public function showgameoverFunction(e:MouseEvent) { mainClass.showGameOver(); gameOverScore = new thegameoverclass(this); gameOverScore.setTextScore(gameScore); } } } thegameoverclass.as package { import flash.display.MovieClip; import flash.events.MouseEvent; import flash.events.*; public class thegameoverclass extends MovieClip { var mainClass:main; var scorePoints:Number; public function thegameoverclass(passedClass:main) { mainClass = passedClass; finalScore.text = "test"; } public function setTextScore(textToSet:Number) { finalScore.text = ""+scorePoints; } } }

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  • Is it true that in most Object Oriented Programming Languages, an "i" in an instance method always r

    - by Jian Lin
    In the following code: <script type="text/javascript"> var i = 10; function Circle(radius) { this.r = radius; this.i = radius; } Circle.i = 123; Circle.prototype.area = function() { alert(i); } var c = new Circle(1); var a = c.area(); </script> What is being alerted? The answer is at the end of this question. I found that the i in the alert call either refers to any local (if any), or the global variable. There is no way that it can be the instance variable or the class variable even when there is no local and no global defined. To refer to the instance variable i, we need this.i, and to the class variable i, we need Circle.i. Is this actually true for almost all Object oriented programming languages? Any exception? Are there cases that when there is no local and no global, it will look up the instance variable and then the class variable scope? (or in this case, are those called scope?) the answer is: 10 is being alerted.

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  • Can I have two names for the same variable?

    - by Roman
    The short version of the question: I do: x = y. Then I change x, and y is unchanged. What I want is to "bind" x and y in such a way that I change y whenever I change x. The extended version (with some details): I wrote a class ("first" class) which generates objects of another class ("second" class). In more details, every object of the second class has a name as a unique identifier. I call a static method of the first class with a name of the object from the second class. The first class checks if such an object was already generated (if it is present in the static HashMap of the first class). If it is already there, it is returned. If it is not yet there, it is created, added to the HashMap and returned. And then I have the following problem. At some stage of my program, I take an object with a specific name from the HashMap of the first class. I do something with this object (for example change values of some fields). But the object in the HashMap does not see these changes! So, in fact, I do not "take" an object from the HashMap, I "create a copy" of this object and this is what I would like to avoid.

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  • How can I use Object Oriented Javascript to interact with HTML Objects

    - by Steve
    I am very new to object orientated javascript, with experience writing gui's in python and java. I am trying to create html tables that I can place in locations throughout a webpage. Each html table would have two css layouts that control if it is selected or not. I can write all of the interaction if I only have one table. It gets confusing when I have multiple tables. I am wondering how to place these tables throughout a blank webpage and then access the tables individually. I think I am having trouble understanding how inheritance and hierarchy works in javascript/html. NOTE: I am not asking how to make a table. I am trying to dynamically create multiple tables and place them throughout a webpage. Then access their css independently and change it (move them to different locations or change the way the look, independently of the other tables).

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  • OO Design: use Properties or Overloaded methods?

    - by Robert Frank
    Question about OO design. Suppose I have a base object vehicle. And two descendants: truck and automobile. Further, suppose the base object has a base method: FixFlatTire(); abstract; When the truck and automobile override the base object's, they require different information from the caller. Am I better off overloading FixFlatTire like this in the two descendant objects: Procedure Truck.FixFlatTire( OfficePhoneNumber: String; NumberOfAxles: Integer): Override; Overload; Procedure Automobile.FixFlatTire( WifesPhoneNumber: String; AAAMembershipID: String): Override; Overload; Or introducing new properties in each of the descendants and then setting them before calling FixFlatTire, like this: Truck.OfficePhoneNumber := '555-555-1212'; Truck.NumberOfAxles := 18; Truck.FixFlatTire(); Automobile.WifesPhoneNumber := '555-555-2323'; Automobile.AAAMembershipID := 'ABC'; Automobile.FixFlatTire();

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  • How would I associate a "Note" class to 4+ classes without creating lookup table for each associatio

    - by Gthompson83
    Im creating a project tasklist application. I have project, section, task, issue classes, and would like to use one class to be able to add simple notes to any object instance of those classes. The task, issue tables both use a standard identity field as a primary key. The section table has a two field primary key. The project table has a single int primary key defined by the user. Is there a way to associate the note class with each of these without using a seperate lookup table for each class? I'm not so sure my original idea is a decent way to implement this. I considered the following (each variable mapping to a field n the notes table. Private _NoteId As Integer Private _ProjectId As Integer Private _SectionId As Integer Private _SectionId2 As Integer Private _TaskId As Integer Private _IssueId As Integer Private _Note As String Private _UserId As Guid Then I would be able to write seperate methods (getProjectNotes, getTaskNotes) to get notes attached to each class. I started writing this a few weeks ago but got pulled away before i could finish. When revisiting this code today my first thought "this is retarded". Thoughts on drawbacks to this design?

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  • mysqli insert into database

    - by Simon
    Hello all i have this script and i will not insert into the database and i get no errors :S, do you know what it is? function createUser($username, $password) { $mysql = connect(); if($stmt = $mysql->prepare('INSERT INTO users (username, password, alder, hood, fornavn, efternavn, city, ip, level, email) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)')) { $stmt->bind_param('ssssssssss',$username,$password, $alder, $hood, $fornavn, $efternavn, $city, $ip, $level, $email); $stmt->execute(); $stmt->close(); } else { echo 'error: ' . $mysql->error; }

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  • is there a proper way to handle multiple errors/exceptions?

    - by toPeerOrNotToPeer
    in OO programming, is there some conceptual pattern, ideas, about handling multiple errors? for example, i have a method that performs some checks and should return an error message for each error found ['name is too short', 'name contains invalid unicode sequences', 'name is too long'] now, should i use an array of exceptions (not thrown exceptions)? or something like this is better: class MyExceptionList extends Exception{ public Void addException(Exception e){} public Array getExceptions(){} } any theory behind this argument will be appreciated! (this isn't a request about a specific programming language, but a pure theoretical one) thank you in advance

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  • How does one refer to the game1 class's variables in XNA

    - by user1149068
    I try to refer to an array in the Game1 class by creating an object of the Game1 class with its definition Game1 gameObject; , its declaration gameObject = new Game1(); in the constructor, and its usage gameObject.tileArray[xInt, yInt].treed = true;. The game1 class itself remains unchanged in its class code other than some methods and variables. When I try to use this code in the TreeRegion class it gives me "Object reference not set to an instance of an object," leading me to believe that the game1 class is null somehow. How might one change the class or object in order to refer to game1's variables? Mind you I am self-taught and still rather new to C#. The class that refers to game1: http://pastebin.com/0chEcKfq Game1 itself http://pastebin.com/zLDVzCca

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  • how to implement a callback in runnable to update other swing class

    - by wizztjh
    I have a thread like this public class SMS { class Read implements Runnable { Read(){ Thread th = new Thread(this); th.start(); } @Override public void run() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub while (true){ Variant SMSAPIReturnValue = SMSAPIJava.invoke("ReadSMS"); if (SMSAPIReturnValue.getBoolean()){ String InNumber = SMSAPIJava.getPropertyAsString("MN"); String InMessage = SMSAPIJava.getPropertyAsString("MSG"); } } } } } How do I update the message to another GUI class in the same package(I understand how to put nested class to another package ....). Should I implement a callback function in SMS class? But how? Or should I pass in the Jlabel into the class?

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  • Java debug error

    - by ivor
    Hello, I wonder if anyone can help - I have this error showing recently when debugging in eclipse - what doe it mean by resource, an imported package or the location of some java files ? Can't find resource for bundle sun.awt.resources.awt, key AWT.EventQueueClass MissingResourceException (id =45) Thanks

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  • Extending a form field to add new validations.

    - by duallain
    I've written an app that uses forms to collect information that is then sent in an email. Many of these forms have a filefield used to attach files to the email. I'd like to validate two things, the size of the file (to ensure the emails are accepted by our mail server. I'd also like to check the file extension, to discourage attaching file types not useable for our users. (This is the python class I'm trying to extend) class FileField(Field): widget = FileInput default_error_messages = { 'invalid': _(u"No file was submitted. Check the encoding type on the form."), 'missing': _(u"No file was submitted."), 'empty': _(u"The submitted file is empty."), 'max_length': _(u'Ensure this filename has at most %(max)d characters (it has %(length)d).'), } def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): self.max_length = kwargs.pop('max_length', None) super(FileField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) def clean(self, data, initial=None): super(FileField, self).clean(initial or data) if not self.required and data in EMPTY_VALUES: return None elif not data and initial: return initial # UploadedFile objects should have name and size attributes. try: file_name = data.name file_size = data.size except AttributeError: raise ValidationError(self.error_messages['invalid']) if self.max_length is not None and len(file_name) > self.max_length: error_values = {'max': self.max_length, 'length': len(file_name)} raise ValidationError(self.error_messages['max_length'] % error_values) if not file_name: raise ValidationError(self.error_messages['invalid']) if not file_size: raise ValidationError(self.error_messages['empty']) return data

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  • Not very objective - please help

    - by chainwork
    I am having trouble understanding the meaning and more importantly the concept of an object as it relates to jQuery. I understand the basics that its a collection of data that comes in two forms, properties and methods but I kind of get lost on how it works beyond that. Can anyone point me to some good tutorials that maybe helped you understand? I'm hoping to "Get it" once and for all. Many many thanks for your help! =]

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  • "Abstract static" method - how?

    - by polyglot
    There are already several SO questions on why there is not abstract static method/field as such, but I'm wondering about how one would go about implementing the following psuedo-code: class Animal { abstract static int getNumberOfLegs(); // not possible } class Chicken inherits Animal { static int getNumberOfLegs() { return 2; } class Dog inherits Animal { static int getNumberOfLegs() { return 4; } Here is the problem: Assuming that I want make sure that every class that inherits Animal to contain getNumberOfLegs() method (i.e. almost like an interface, except I do want the abstract class to implement several methods that are common to all child classes, hence pure interface does not work here). getNumberOfLegs() obviously should be a static method (assuming that in a perfect world we dont' have crippled chicken and dogs so getNumberOfLegs is not instance-dependent). Without an "abstract static" method/field, one can either leave the method out from Animal class, then there is the risk that some child class do not have that method. Or one can make getNumberOfLegs an instance method, but then one would have to instantiate a class to find out how many legs that animal has - even though it is not necessary. How do one usually go about implementing this situation?

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  • where are the frameworks for creating libraries?

    - by fayer
    whenever i create a php library (not a framework) i tend to reinvent everything everytime. "where to put configuration options" "which design pattern to use here" "how should all the classes extend each other" and so on... then i think, isn't there a good library framework to use anywhere? it's like a framework for a web application (symfony, cakephp...) but instead of creating a web application, this framework will help coder to create a library, providing all the standard structure and classes (observer pattern, dependency injection etc). i think that will be the next major thing if not available right now. in this way there will be a standard to follow when creating libraries, or else, it's like a djungle when everyone creates their own structure, and a lot of coders just code without thinking of reusability etc. there isn't any framework for creating libraries at the moment? if not, don't u agree with me that this is the way to do it, with a library framework? cause i am really throwing a lot of time (weeks!) just thinking about how to organize things, both in code and file level, when i should just start to code the logic. share your thoughts!

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